|Publication number||US7462182 B2|
|Application number||US 10/915,005|
|Publication date||Dec 9, 2008|
|Filing date||Aug 10, 2004|
|Priority date||Aug 10, 2004|
|Also published as||CA2577013A1, CN101052357A, EP1796564A1, US20060036254, WO2006020443A1|
|Publication number||10915005, 915005, US 7462182 B2, US 7462182B2, US-B2-7462182, US7462182 B2, US7462182B2|
|Original Assignee||Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (32), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (68), Classifications (5), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
In orthopedic surgical procedures, it is known to implant devices to support bones or other tissue, to correct deformities, to hold tissues in position for healing after injuries or other surgery, and for other purposes relating to orthopedic health. For example, where correction of a scoliotic or other abnormal curvature or misalignment of the spine is desired, a sturdy rod, plate, or other elongated connecting member can be placed along one or more vertebral segments to support or hold the segments in a corrected position. Bone screws, bone hooks or other fixation implants are attached to vertebrae and connected to the connecting member to secure the connecting member along the spinal column.
Commonly, the fixation implants and the connecting member(s) are placed separately, that is, they are not connected together prior to implantation in the body. For example, bone screws may be implanted into vertebrae first, connectors may be placed on or around the screws (if necessary), and then the connecting member may be placed into the body. The connecting member may be contoured prior to insertion to approximate the curvature desired, or it may be contoured after placement adjacent the spine. In cases where a connecting member and bone screws or other fixation elements are separately placed, the connecting member and screws may be required to be forced toward each other for connection. The process of moving the connecting member and fixation elements toward each other for connection is generally termed “reduction.”
Reduction can be accomplished by hand, although the environment and close quarters of a surgical site can make reduction by hand quite difficult. While instruments have been developed to provide a mechanical advantage in reducing or positioning the connecting member relative to an anchor, there remains a need for reducing instruments which are maneuverable relative to the anchor and connecting member to facilitate insertion and manipulation of the connecting member and anchor through the incision or portal in which the reducing instrument is positioned.
The present invention concerns tools for use in implanting orthopedic implants during surgery. Specifically, the present invention is directed to tools for reduction of a connecting member.
According to one aspect, an instrument for reducing a connecting member relative to an anchor includes an actuating assembly and a shaft assembly. The shaft assembly extends distally from the actuating assembly and includes a reducing member extending through an outer sleeve. The reducing member is movable distally and proximally relative to the outer sleeve with the actuating assembly. The instrument further includes an engaging assembly at a distal end of the shaft assembly having a pair of arms movable between an open position for receiving the anchor and connecting member therebetween and an engaged position for engaging opposing sides of the anchor. In the engage position, the instrument can be pivoted about the anchor with the connecting member between the arms. The reducing member includes a distally opening receptacle for receiving the anchor and to align the anchor with the shaft assembly as the reducing member is moved distally toward the anchor to move the connecting member and anchor relative to one another.
In another aspect, an instrument for reducing a connecting member relative to an anchor, includes an actuating assembly and a shaft assembly extending distally from the actuating assembly. The shaft assembly includes a reducing member extending through an outer sleeve that is movable distally and proximally relative to the outer sleeve with the actuating assembly. The instrument includes an engaging assembly at a distal end of the shaft assembly that includes a pair of arms pivotally coupled to the outer sleeve. The arms are movable upon distal advancement of the reducing member relative to the outer sleeve between an open position for receiving the anchor and connecting member therebetween to an engaged position wherein the arms engage opposing sides of the anchor.
In another aspect, an instrument for reducing a connecting member relative to an anchor includes an actuating assembly and a shaft assembly extending distally from the actuating assembly. The shaft assembly includes a reducing member extending through an outer sleeve that is movable distally and proximally relative to the outer sleeve with the actuating assembly. The instrument includes an engaging assembly at a distal end of the shaft assembly that includes a pair of arms pivotally mounted to the shaft assembly and movable between an open position for receiving the anchor and connecting member therebetween and an engaged position for engaging the anchor therebetween. The reducing member engages the pair of arms in the engaged position to maintain the pair arms in the engaged position.
These and other aspects will also be apparent from the following description.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. Any such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, and any such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated herein are contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.
Engaging assembly 16 and shaft assembly 14 are remotely operable with actuating assembly 12 to selectively engage and release the anchor and to distally advance the reducing member. Actuating assembly 12 includes a first handle 20 and a second handle 50 extending from the proximal end of shaft assembly 14. Handles 20, 50 are transversely oriented to shaft assembly 14 and laterally offset therefrom to facilitate viewing of the distal end of shaft assembly 14 and engaging assembly 16.
First handle 20 includes a gripping portion 22 with a free end, an intermediate proximal extension 24, and a housing 26 extending from handle 20 opposite its free end. Shaft assembly 14 extends distally from housing 26, and includes an outer sleeve 100 fixed to housing 26 and extending distally therefrom. Shaft assembly 14 further includes a reducing member 60 extending through and movable relative to housing 26 and outer sleeve 100 with actuating assembly 12. Reducing member 60 includes a proximal end 62 projecting proximally of housing 26.
Housing 26 includes a connection region 28 between handle 20 and housing 26. Connection region 28 includes a flat surface profile and a slot 30 extending therethrough in communication with reducing member 60. The opposite side of housing 26 (not shown) can be similarly provided with a flat surface profile and slot extending therethrough. Second handle 50 includes coupling arms 54 extending along opposite sides of housing 26 and along connection region 28. A pivot pin 55 pivotally couples second handle 50 to first handle 20. Slot 30 receives a coupling pin 56 therethrough to pivotally couple second handle 50 to reducing member 60. Coupling arms 54 are rotatable relative to coupling pin 56 about pivot pin 55, and second handle 50 is movable toward first handle 20 to advance coupling pin 56 and thus reducing member 60 distally in slot 30. This movement of second handle 50 distally advances reducing member 60 relative to outer sleeve 100.
Adjacent its free end first handle 20 includes a first connection pin 38 that pivotally couples a locking arm 36 to first handle 20. Locking arm 36 extends from first handle 20 to an opposite free end 44, where it extends through a slot 52 in second handle 50. Locking arm 36 includes a number of teeth 42 therealong oriented toward an upper end of slot 52. A spring housing 48 houses a spring coupled to a biasing member 46 to bias biasing member 46 toward and into engagement with locking arm 36. Biasing member 46 maintains locking arm 36 in a biased position toward the upper end of slot 52. As second handle 50 is pivoted toward first handle 20, second handle 50 moves along locking arm 36, as shown in
Actuating assembly 12 further includes a release arm 32 fixedly coupled via a second connection pin 40 to locking arm 36 adjacent first connection pin 38. Release arm 32 extends adjacent first handle 20 along a side thereof oriented toward second handle 50. Release arm 32 further includes an extension member 34 opposite second connection pin 40 which extends laterally from the space between handles 20, 50. Extension member 34 can be readily engaged with the thumb of the user and pushed away from first handle 20 by pushing extension member 34 toward second handle 50. This in turn rotates locking arm 36 and release arm 32 about first connection pin 38, thereby pushing locking arm 36 against the bias of biasing member 46 and away from the upper end of slot 52. This releases the upper end of slot 52 from its engagement with teeth 42, allowing second handle 50 to be pivoted away from first handle 20 about pin 55 from its position in
Engaging assembly 16 includes a pair of arms 80 pivotally coupled to respective ones of the wings 104 with a pivot pin 84. Arms 80 each include a proximal portion 82 extending proximally from pivot pin 84, and a distal portion 86 extending distally from pivot pin 84. Each of the arms 80 includes an inwardly facing lug 90 adjacent a distal end of the respective arm 80. Lugs 90 have a circular cross-section, and a cylindrical shape extending from the respective arm 80. Lugs 90 are positionable in a respective one of opposite detents of the anchor to pivotally engage reducing instrument 10 to the anchor, as discussed further below. Each arm 80 further includes a rail 88 extending therealong from the distal end of the arm 80 to a location spaced distally of the distal end of ears 70 when in the open position shown in
Reducing member 60 includes a proximal cylindrical sleeve portion 61 and a tapered portion 72. Tapered portion 72 is frusto-conical and proximally tapered to proximal transition portion 74. Proximal transition portion 74 is tapered distally and extends between the proximal end of tapered portion 72 and the distal end 63 of proximal sleeve portion 61. A distal transition portion 76 extends between the distal end of tapered portion 72 and end member 66. Distal transition portion 76 is cylindrical in size and shape and approximates the same size and shape as proximal sleeve portion 61.
As shown in
The operation of reducing instrument 10 to engage an anchor and seat a connecting member in the anchor will be described with reference to
Cup portion 132 includes a lower opening through which a bone engaging portion 133 of the anchor 129 extends for engaging a bony portion of the spinal column. The head of the bone engaging portion 133 is seated in cup portion 132 below passage 136. The head portion can be pivotally received in cup portion 132 to allow receiver member 130 to assume any one of a plurality of positions relative to bone engaging portion 133 at least prior to engagement of connecting member 120 in passage 136. The bone engaging portion 133 can be a bone screw with an enlarged head in cup portion 132 and a threaded shaft extending through the lower opening of receiver member 130. Other embodiments contemplate other forms for the anchor, including a hook type bone engaging portion and mono-axial arrangements between the receiver member and the bone engaging portion.
After engagement of the anchor 129 to the bony portion, connecting member 120 is positioned adjacent receiver member 130. It is contemplated that a number of anchors 129 can be positioned and engaged along the spinal column, and connecting member 120 can be engaged in the receiver member of one of the anchors. Due to misalignment of the vertebrae, misalignment of the receiver members of the anchors, or other conditions, connecting member 120 cannot be easily or readily positioned seated in receiver member 130. For example, it may be desired to seat connecting member 120 against a seat 140 in receiver member 130, against the head of the bone engaging portion, or against a cap or other device between the bone engaging portion and the connecting member.
Reducing instrument 10 can be pivoted about receiver member 130 to align longitudinal axis 11 of reducing instrument 10 with axis 131 extending between arms 134, as shown in
As shown in
When connecting member 120 is secured in receiver member 130, locking arm 36 can be released by depressing extension 34. This rotates release arm 32 and thus locking arm 36 away from first handle 20, and releasing teeth 42 from engagement with second handle 50. Second handle 50 is then free to pivot from its
The anchors and connecting member may be positioned in or along one or more parts of the spine, including the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and/or sacral portions. Although the use of reducing instrument 10 is described in the above context, reducing instrument 10 could be used with a variety of screws, hooks or other fixation implants, or in connection with orthopedic implants in parts of the body other than the spine.
As with other types of orthopedic surgery, an incision is made and access is gained to the surgical site. The approach to the surgical site can be an open approach, i.e. a relatively long incision with retraction of underlying tissue, or can be a minimally invasive approach, i.e. a relatively short incision with implants and tools inserted through retractors or directly through the incision to the surgical site. The reducing instrument disclosed herein can be used in either approach, or with other surgical techniques. It is noted that a relatively narrow distal end of reducing instrument 10 and its pivotal coupling arrangement with the anchor facilitates applications in minimally invasive surgery.
After access to the surgical site has been obtained, anchors such as those including a receiver member 130 are inserted into bone tissue. Such anchors may be pre-fitted with receiver member 130 or other receiver member embodiment, and such anchors typically include a bone engaging portion and a channel for accommodating part of connecting member 120. Such receiver members may also be placed on or over such anchors after engagement of the anchors into bone. A connecting member is inserted into the surgical site, and placed adjacent one or more of the anchors. If not already present, receiver members 130 may be loosely placed on the connecting member prior to insertion of the connecting member to the surgical site. The anchors and connecting member are manipulated so that a part of the connecting member is in or near the each of the anchors.
Reducing instrument 10 is inserted to the surgical site with engaging assembly 16 in an open condition. The surgeon or other operator positions connecting member 120 between arms 80 and about one of the anchors. In the illustrated embodiments, arms 80 are positioned about receiver member 130. Lugs 90 are aligned with detents 138 of receiver member 130, and actuating assembly 12 is manipulated to move arms 80 into engagement with arms 134 of the receiver member 130 with lugs 90 received in detents 138. Reducing instrument 10 can then be pivoted about receiver member 130 to align longitudinal axis 11 with alignment axis 131 between arms 134. Actuating assembly 12 is further manipulated to advance reducing member 60 and position end member 66 in contact with connecting member 120 and position connecting member 120 in recess 68.
With connecting member 120 in recess 68 and arms 134 received in receptacle 94, reducing member 60 is advanced further distally with actuating assembly 12 to seat connecting member 120 in receiver member 130. Teeth 42 of locking arm 36 engage the upper end of receptacle 52 to maintain connecting member 120 in contact with seat 140 of receiver member 130. A set screw is mounted on a driver (not shown) and delivered through bore 78 to engage the internally threaded arms 134 of receiver member 130. The interface between receptacle 94 and receiver member 130 of the anchor maintains bore 78 in alignment with alignment axis 131 extending between arms 134 to, for example, reduce the potential for cross-threading of the set screw with the arms. When connecting member 120 is firmly engaged in receiver member 130, release arm 32 can be moved toward second handle 50, rotating locking arm 36 out of engagement with the upper end of slot 52 and allowing second handle 50 to be pivoted away from first handle 20 about pivot pin 55. This in turn moves reducing member 60 proximally in outer sleeve 100, releasing end member 66 from rails 88 and allowing arms 80 to return toward their biased open position, releasing receiver member 130 from therebetween. Reducing instrument 10 can then be positioned for engagement with the one or more additional anchors if necessary to seat the connecting member therein.
Other arrangements for actuating assembly 12 are contemplated. In the illustrated embodiment, actuating assembly 12 extends laterally from shaft assembly 14 and provides a trigger-like mechanism for operating the actuating system. Other embodiments contemplate other handle arrangements for controlling the depth, angular orientation and rotational orientation of instrument 10. Other suitable examples include T-bars, pistol-grips, hooks, circular finger controls, co-axial shafts, and side-by-side shafts. Shaft assembly 14 has been illustrated with an outer tubular sleeve 100 receiving an inner tubular reducing member 60. Other embodiments contemplate that shaft assembly 14 includes components that are rigid, flexible or a combination of both. Shaft assembly 14 may include one or more tubular elements, rod-like elements, linkages, and elastically deformable members, for example.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
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|Cooperative Classification||A61B2017/2925, A61B17/7086|
|Aug 10, 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: SDGI HOLDINGS, INC., DELAWARE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIM, ROY;REEL/FRAME:015677/0343
Effective date: 20040809
|Jul 23, 2012||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Dec 9, 2012||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Jan 29, 2013||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20121209