Juvenile Iberian frogs are mostly diurnal, whereas adults tend to be nocturnal. However, within populations of this species in central Spain, adults may also be active during the day. Across most of its range, the Iberian frog is active throughout the year, although montane populations are inactive during part of the winter (2).
Timing of the breeding season depends on the location, with Iberian frogs in the lowlands breeding from November to March, and those inhabiting mountainous regions breeding between March and May (2).
The Iberian frog mates at night (2), usually in streams (5). Mating begins with the male following the female while emitting a low call, which carries on throughout the start of amplexus. During mating, the female may also emit vocalisations (2). Male Iberian frogs do not possess vocal sacs, which are present in males of many frog species to amplify the mating call, but instead may have glands which produce pheromones to attract females (5).
Depending on its size, the female Iberian frog will lay between 192 and 445 eggs in rounded masses, either attached to vegetation or beneath it. Development of the larvae lasts approximately three months (2).
The Iberian frog tends to feed mainly on aquatic prey (5), and eats a wide variety of invertebrates. Larger individuals are able to eat larger prey, and as the Iberian frog grows it becomes able to eat hard-bodied prey including beetles (2).