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|Names of China|
The Celestial Empire was a name used to refer to China. It was a translation of Tianchao (Chinese: 天朝; pinyin: Tiāncháo), a name for China. Accordingly, the name "Celestial" was used to refer to Chinese emigrants to the United States, Canada, and Australia during the 19th century. Both terms were widely used in the English-language popular mass media of the day, but have fallen into disuse later on.
- "Chances in China; Standard Oil Man Says Celestial Kingdom Needs Much American Funds". The New York Times. February 15, 1914.
- "Celestial" capitalized (Celestial Empire, old name for China): of or relating to China or the Chinese Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
- "The Wyoming Massacre," New York Times (1857-Current file); 6 September 1885; pg. 7, ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851 - 2003). Retrieved 12 March 2007.
- "The Chinese Massacre," The National Police Gazette, September 19, 1885, no. 418, pg 2.
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