The monsoon rains
In an agricultural country like Sri Lanka, the monsoon rains are
important. The monsoons are very unique wind patterns that occur in the
Indian Ocean, and in South Asia. They bring a lot of rain to the area.
During the period from May to September, the south-western monsoon
recedes and the north-eastern monsoon season begins.
When the sun is rising over the northern hemisphere during the months
of May to September, the atmosphere over central Asia gets warmer and
the air rises to create a low pressure area. The area in the southern
hemisphere over the Indian Ocean is colder and the air pressure is very
much higher than in the northern parts. So, the air from the southern
high pressure area moves towards the low pressure area in the north and
this is known as the "South-west Monsoon" . The south-west monsoon rain
pushess the rain clouds towards the southern low lands. In the
south-western monsoon season, rain is limited to two or three months,
giving a short time period to do many things. In order to make the best
use of this monsoon rain, short term crops have to be cultivated.
The New Year and other festivals as well as the Yala and Maha seasons
are fixed according to these rain patterns. The Maha season occurs in
the time period between November and February. This season is mainly
used for long term crop cultivation, like paddy. Choosing the right
crops at the right time (season) gives more advantage in having a rich
harvest.The central hills and the areas in south-western Sri Lanka
receive a very high rainfall from the south-western monsoon, while the
north and north-eastern areas receive fair rain from the north-eastern
monsoons. So, the failure of these rains can bring disaster to Sri Lanka
as we depend on the monsoon rains for cultivation, hydropower production
and for other day-to-day utilities.Sometime the monsoons are dangerous
because of strong winds and lightning. Some monsoons help in many ways.
Monsoon rains and winds are used to generate electricity. At a time when
energy is scarce and costly this simple method is a good way to get the
maximum use of the monsoon rains. Also collecting rainwater can be
useful to solve the problem of getting clean water. However, there are
some negative effects that come about due to the monsoon rains. Heavy
rains during these monsoons wash away the rich soil and floods are also
possible. It's up to us to make the best use of the monsoon rains.
Prevent sea erosion
Sea erosion has become a major environmental problem today. Great
damage has been caused to our country's coastal belt as a result of sea
Huge waves break relentlessly against the coast during both day and
night. Each time the waves touch the coastline, they carry a little bit
of sand or earth away. It is said that the shape of our country has even
changed over the past years due to sea erosion. Sea erosion is prevented
to a certain extent by coral reefs which are a living thing.
As these coral reefs prevent the soil from being washed away into the
sea, we should protect them. But most people have not realised the value
of these coral reefs. And so, they mine dead coral along the coastal
belt. In fact, coral mining has become their livelihood. When coral
reefs that prevent sea erosion are destroyed there is flooding in these
areas. Many roadways and properties are washed away into the sea. The
government has set up a separate department called the 'Coast'
Conservation Department to look into this serious issue. This department
has taken several steps to protect the coastal belt. Tons and tons of
granite blocks have been piled up on the coast to protect the land from
being washed away. The Department has drawn up a special programme in
collaboration with the Forest Conservation Department to protect the
coast that, is to build small forests on the coast. These forests will
keep the waters from coming into the land.
Do you eat the right food?
We all need a healthy diet to stay alive and do our day-to-day
activities well. If we do not get the required energy, our body will not
operate well. This means that we should have a balanced diet to get the
necessary energy. So, our daily intake of food should include proteins,
sugars, fats, vitamins and minerals.
There are lots of sources through which we get energy. They are
carbohydrates, which actually are calories, such as sugar and cereals.
Minerals are inorganic substances that are vital to our health. We get
them mostly through green leaves. Proteins mean nutritional compounds
that are essential for the existence of life. The main sources of
proteins are meat and cheese. Vitamins are essential for the normal
functioning of the body. The main sources are fresh fruits and
vegetables.The next question is how much should we eat? That depends on
the age and the sort of work you do. Manual workers need more calories
than the office workers. Children need more calories than old people,
because the former use more calories.
Pizzas are good for you if they contain a mixture of food. But beef
burgers and pizzas are bad for us because of the additives and flavours,
which have no food value, are used in them. So, beware when you next
bite into one of these!Remember that a balanced diet is always good for
Think about our future...
Today in the modern world man has become the main destroyer of nature
and as a result of this ruthlessness, our own future is threatened.
Global warming is one of the main threats, and this occurs when the
ozone layer is destroyed. The heat received from the Sun is absorbed by
the Earth, as a result of man's cruel activities which include
deforestation and release of industrial and domestic waste into the
atmosphere. Due to this not only man, but also other creature living on
Earth are also facing a lot of difficulty.
Today, some of the animals are threatened with extinction; polar
bears, elephants and some of the rare species of plant are listed as
Trees help us by supplying oxygen for us to breathe.
But deforestation has left many lands infertile. This will leave us
with impure air to breathe. Man's careless actions have also led to the
melting of the ice caps in the Polar regions. This means that the sea
levels will rise and therefore some of the countries that we see today
will go under water in a few years' time. As a matter of fact, some of
the animals that are living in these cold areas will die because of
As this is a growing concern not only to you and me, but also to all
the living beings on this Earth, we should make it a point to live
without harming nature. Because, at any time nature can retaliate.
Little things matter a lot. So, we can save the planet by doing some of
the little things like replanting trees, reducing the burning of
non-biodegradable items and reducing the destruction of natural
habitats. These are only a few ways that can make a big difference. In
order to see a better tomorrow, we should all get together to save our
I want to be a scientist
My ambition is to become a scientist one day. I think it will be one
of the best experiences that any one could have because it’s a special
field. I have a small lab at home.Science is my favourite subject as
there are lots of new things to learn. In my leisure, I read various
books related to science to improve my knowledge about
Scientists can be classed into various fields such as astronomers,
astrologers, geologists, physicists, and biologists.
I like to be an astronomer or a physicist. That’s why I see the night
sky everyday and note down everything I observe in a book under the
title ‘observations of the night sky.’ As my brother also hopes to
become a scientist, both of us carry out simple experiments at home
Even though I have collected many details about the various
scientists of the world, my favourite scientist is Sir Issac Newton.
This is because he had a very curious nature which a scientist should
I believe that I also have this quality because I usually ask lots of
questions about the world around us. My science teacher always helps me.
While my ambition is to pursue science, my main dream is to visit “NASA”
I really wish my ambition to become a scientist one day will not be
only a dream.