|Publication number||US4869745 A|
|Application number||US 07/342,177|
|Publication date||26 Sep 1989|
|Filing date||24 Apr 1989|
|Priority date||24 Apr 1989|
|Also published as||DE68911511D1, DE68911511T2, EP0394580A1, EP0394580B1|
|Publication number||07342177, 342177, US 4869745 A, US 4869745A, US-A-4869745, US4869745 A, US4869745A|
|Inventors||Dale G. Flaming|
|Original Assignee||Flaming Dale G|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (6), Classifications (12), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This invention relates to micropipette pullers of the type shown in my earlier U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,424 granted July 15, 1986. Micropipette pullers generally employ a filament comprising a heated metal band or wire to heat the glass tubing to its melting point. The shape of the micropipette is dependent largely upon the shape of the filament and various types of filaments are available for the production of different shapes and lengths of micropipettes. For example, a wide filament is generally used to form a long pipette. The shape of the micropipette is also dependent upon the diameter of the annular filament that encircles the glass tubing. A tight fit of the filament around the tubing will result in a sharp heat gradient between the heated and unheated portions of the glass tubing. This will result in an initial fast taper in the glass as it is pulled out and then, as the glass reduces in diameter and contracts away from the filament, the taper becomes more gradual. If a large diameter annular filament is used, the heat gradient will be more gradual and the result is a micropipette with a more uniform taper from shoulder to tip.
The better micropipette pullers are now all computerized so that the variables in the pulling process, such as filament temperature, length of the pull, the strength of the pull and the rate at which the glass is cooled may be programmed into the puller. The only important variable which is not easily changed is the type of heating filament which is being used. Efforts have been made to move the filament during the pulling cycle in order to heat a greater area, but the movement of the filament was slow and very difficult to control in a repeatable manner.
It is an object of this invention to provide a micropipette puller with means for moving the point at which heat is applied to the glass tubing.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a micropipette puller with means for applying heat to the glass tubing in a controlled and repeatable pattern.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a micropipette puller capable of pulling a micropipette of controlled configuration from materials of high melting point, such as quartz.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the description to follow, particularly when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing.
In carrying out this invention, a tubing of glass, quartz or the like is pulled from both ends, initially by a weight carried on the ends of cables and then by a solenoid. A laser directs a laser beam into a mirror, a lens or other means to direct the laser beam against the glass tubing. The mirror or other beam directing means may be oscillated or otherwise moved at a controlled rate and through a predetermined degree of movement to cause the reflected or refracted beam to move along a selected length of the tubing to control the length of the heated tubing.
The drawing is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of this invention for pulling a micropipette.
Referring now to the drawing with greater particularity, the micropipette puller 10 of this invention includes a pair of gripping jaws 12 on the adjacent ends of puller bars 14. The jaws 12 grip a tubing T of glass, quartz or the like to be pulled into the micropipette as heat is applied to the tubing to melt a portion thereof between the jaws.
The puller bars 14 roll along upper and lower roller bearings 16 and 18 and are pulled by cables 20 which extend over upper cable pulleys 22 and then over closely spaced central lower pulleys 24 to suspend a solenoid 26, which is capable of applying a light pull by application of its own weight, and a stronger pull by actuation of the solenoid plunger 28. The source of heat in the micropipette puller 10 is a laser device 30 that projects a generally horizontal beam 32 into a movable mirror 34, positioned to reflect the beam downward at 34 against the glass tubing T.
While the laser beam 32 is shown as being reflected by a mirror 34, it is to be understood that other means may be employed to direct the beam. For example, the beam 32 could be directed against the tubing T by refraction through a lens or prism or by fiber optics, all within the scope of this invention.
In any event, the beam directing means 34 may be oscillated by any suitable means so that the reflected or refracted beam is moved back and forth longitudinally of the tubing T, as indicated by the arrows A--A to heat a length of the tubing T. For example, the mirror or lense 34 may be oscillated by mounting it on the output shaft 38 of a stepping motor 40. It is also contemplated that the beam may be moved by moving the laser device 30 itself.
The stepping motor may be controlled by a computer 42 to rotate incrementally in either direction and at various rates to achieve different heating patterns applied to the glass tubing, thereby to control the configuration of the taper and the length of the tip. Each signal from the computer 42 may produce a rotational step from the motor 40 of one degree or less so that the increments of movement of the reflected beam 36 may be closely controlled. For example, the computer can control the stepping motor 40 to heat the tubing T uniformally, or it may vary the movement to concentrate heat at the center for more rapid melting at the mid-point. The computer 42 and stepping motor 40 can control the size of the angle through which the mirror or prism 34 oscillates and it can control the rate of oscillation. Moreover, the movement can be programmed for repeated production.
The laser device 30 is not limited by its own melting point as in the case of a filament heater and it can melt materials of high melting point, such as quartz, which resonates at the wave length of a laser beam.
While this invention has been described in conjunction with a preferred embodiment thereof, it is obvious that modifications and changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art to which it pertains without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention, as defined by the claims appended hereto.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
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|US4600424 *||21 Mar 1985||15 Jul 1986||Flaming Dale G||Method of forming an ultrafine micropipette|
|FR629903A *||Title not available|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US5181948 *||12 Jul 1991||26 Jan 1993||Sutter Instrument Company||Method and apparatus for forming micropipette of controlled configuration|
|US5902368 *||15 Jan 1998||11 May 1999||Schott-Glaswerke||Method for the heat-softened severance of glass tubes or plates|
|US6079230 *||2 Feb 1999||27 Jun 2000||Kong; Jian-Qiang||Apparatus for preparing quartz micropipettes|
|US6128927 *||3 Aug 1998||10 Oct 2000||Lucent Technologies Inc.||Method of making ferrule connectors for optical fibers|
|US6293946||27 Aug 1999||25 Sep 2001||Link Technology, Inc.||Non-stick electrosurgical forceps|
|US6363750||25 Feb 2000||2 Apr 2002||Chris D. Chiodo||Automatic pipette puller and forge|
|U.S. Classification||65/270, 65/285, 65/271, 65/283, 65/108|
|International Classification||C03B23/043, C03B23/047, B23K26/08|
|Cooperative Classification||C03B23/043, C03B23/0473|
|European Classification||C03B23/047B, C03B23/043|
|23 Mar 1993||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|6 May 1997||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|7 May 1997||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|7 May 1997||SULP||Surcharge for late payment|
|8 Mar 2001||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 12