|Publication number||US4796206 A|
|Application number||US 06/869,534|
|Publication date||Jan 3, 1989|
|Filing date||Jun 2, 1986|
|Priority date||Jun 2, 1986|
|Publication number||06869534, 869534, US 4796206 A, US 4796206A, US-A-4796206, US4796206 A, US4796206A|
|Inventors||Joseph A. Boscove, Hobart L. Kurtz, Jeffrey E. Prince, William P. Wiegand|
|Original Assignee||International Business Machines Corporation|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (12), Referenced by (142), Classifications (26), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
Cross reference is made to the following patent applications, such application having a common filing data and a common assignee with the present application:
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 06/869,870 filed June 2, 1986, entitled "Fault Isolation for Vehicle Using A Multifunction Test Probe" having R. V. Ballou et al as inventors.
The following prior art references are of interest and are referred to in the specification. The first four references are specifically incorporated by reference herein.
1. Booklet: "The Guide" (Personal Computers), Volume IV, 1985, International Business Machines Corporation. Front and back covers, Pp. 8, 10, 11, 31, 34, 36.
2. Book: "Programmer's Guide to the IBM PC", Peter Norton 1985, Microsoft Press, Contents, Pp. 5, 6, 7, 12, 42-44, 68, 102-106, 130, 143. 144.
3. Book: "Electronic Engine Controls", Chilton Book Co., 1985, Frontispiece, Contents, Pp. 38-41, 239-259, 274-275.
4. Article" "Speciic Cell Location Assembly for Displays" R. V. Ballou et al, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin February 1985, Vol. 27, No. 9, Pp. 5104-5106.
5. Article: "Computerized Diagnostic Tester at Hand", Electrical World, Aug. 1, 1975, Pp. 36-38.
6. Article: "A Digital Electronic System for Automobile TEsting and Diagnosis", T.A. Cross, IEE Conference July 6-9, 1976 London, England, Pp. 152-159.
This invention relates to computerized automotive vehicle diagnostic apparatus and more particularly to a more efficient apparatus of this nature having improved performance in relation to the diagnostic procedures and related computer programs.
Microcomputers, electronic sensors and other components are incorporated into vehicles to monitor and control engine operations and other functions.
The increasing amount of electronic, electrical and electro-mechanical content in automobile designs has created a severe problem for the vehicle servicing environment. The service tools available for servicing do not provide the capabilities needed to diagnose and repair problems which are directly or indirectly related to the electronics. This has resulted in long diagnostic times, incorrect repairs and multiple service visits for the same problem.
Considering the prior art references noted above, Reference 1, "The Guide" describes an IBM Personal Computer AT that is a useful element in the diagnostic system set forth herein. Reference 2, The Norton book, illustrates various characteristics of the IBM Personal Computer AT such as programming, the microprocessor, keyboard, etc. Reference 3, the Chilton book, describes engine control modules and systems that that are utilized herein. Reference 4, the Ballou et al article, describes a representative touch panel that may be used in the practice of the invention. References 5 and 6 relate to computer-based diagnostic systems for engines and are merely representative of prior systems. Applicants' system procedures are distinctively different from those systems.
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide semi-automated diagnostic apparatus for vehicles, such apparatus incorporating computer diagnostics.
In the technique disclosed herein, programs execute on an off-board computer, and by use of visual display, prompt a technician to change the vehicle's state. For each state change, a sequence of tests are executed comparing information in data streams from a vehicle on-board computer against known good parameters or signatures. The signature analysis includes interrogation of single parameters and the correlation of multiple parameters.
In the service environment, where more time can be allocated for testing than that allowed at the end of an assembly line, enhanced versions of the end of line test programs can be executed to provide detection capability for more vehicle problems, Building on this ability to detect faults with a computer, the present system design describes how, by the use of artificial intelligence concepts, a technician terminal can become "smarter" in it's ability to diagnose more vehicle problems.
For a better understanding of the present invention, together with other and further advantages and features thereof, reference is made to the description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the scope of the invention being pointed out in the appended claims.
Referring to the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a network in which one or more technician terminals such as that described herein may be connected.
FIG. 2 illustrates an engine control system for use on a vehicle shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the technician terminal in a console configuration.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the major components in the technician terminal.
FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate various cables for use with the technician terminal.
FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate interposer cable usage in conjunction with the cable of FIG. 6.
FIG. 9 illustrates the diagnostic procedures described herein.
FIGS. 10A, B, and C illustrate tables as they are organized in an alternative diagnostic procedure.
FIG. 11 shows a typical utilization of the storage in the technician terminal computer, a memory map for the software execution system.
FIG. 12 shows a main menu screen displayed on a technician terminal monitor. (Same drawing sheet as FIG. 7)
A technique is described herein which makes use of a computer based technician terminal that connects to a vehicle being serviced using the assembly line data link (ALDL). This data link is used by the various vehicle manufacturers to test the vehicle at the end of the assembly lines. It allows an off-board computer to communicate with the computers on-board the vehicle. When commanded, the on-board computer outputs data frames on the data link which contain information about the state of the various sensors, switches, relays and actuators that are controlled by the on-board computers. Included in the data are error codes representing faults detected and stored by the on-board computers.
The network of FIG. 1 includes a technician terminal 100 interfaced with a vehicle 101 and more specifically with the vehicle computer control system 102. Terminal 100 has a data entry facility and touch interactive/menu driven display, and also incorporates a computer such as the IBM Personal Computer AT, Prior Art References 1 and 2. A touch panel for the technician terminal is like that described in the Ballou et al Prior Art Reference 4. The computer control system 102 is like the control systems described in the Chilton Prior Art Reference 3, as further illustrated in FIG. 2 herein.
Service Support System 103, FIG. 1, may support one or more technician terminals and serve as a regional vehicle data base. A host computer 105 including a master data base 104 acts as a service support system interface to the user company headquarters, provides network management and supplies realtime feedback to manufacturing and engineering groups, for example. Alternatively, the technician terminals may be connected directly to the host computer 105 and data base 104.
The automotive industry has for the past several years incorporated microcomputers, electronic sensors and many electro-mechanical components into vehicle designs to provide better monitoring and control of the engine operations. More electronics are being added to provide control for other functions as well. Transmission, radio, heat/ ventilation/air conditioners, instrument panels, memory seats and mirrors, etc. are some examples. Future designs will include ever increasing amounts of hi-tech features such as cellular radio telephone, vehicle attitude, collision avoidance, etc.
FIG. 2 illustrates an engine control system used in General Motors (GM) vehicles since the 1981 model year and designated the Computer Command Control (CCC) System. This system has many components in common with the earlier GM system referred to as the Computer Controlled Catalytic Converter (C-4) system. These include the Electronic Control Module (ECM) 110, which is capable of monitoring and adjusting more sensors and components than the ECM used on the C-4 system, an oxygen sensor 111, an electronically controlled variable-mixture carburetor 112, a three way catalytic converter 113, throttle position sensor 114 and coolant temperature sensor 115, a barometric pressure (BARO) sensor 116, a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor 117, a "Check Engine" light 120 on the instrument cluster, and an Electronic Spark Timing (EST) distributor 122, which on some engines (turbocharged) is equipped with an Electronic Spark Control (ESC) that retards ignition spark under some conditions (detonation, etc.).
Other components used by the CCC System include the Air Injection Reaction (AIR) Management System 123, charcoal canister purge control 124, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve control 125, engine speed sensor 129, transmission torque converter clutch solenoid 128 (automatic transmission models only), idle speed control 132, and early fuel evaporative (EFE) system 130.
The ECM 110, in addition to monitoring sensors and sending a control signal to the carburetor, also controls the following components or sub-systems; charcoal canister purge control 124, AIR Management System 123, idle speed control 132, automatic transmission converter clutch 128, distributor 122 ignition timing, EGR valve control 125, EFE control 130, and the air conditioner compressor clutch 131. The CCC ECM is equipped with a PROM assembly similar to the one used in the C-4 ECM.
The Air Management System 123 is an emission control that provides additional oxygen either to the catalyst or the cylinder head ports (in some cases exhaust manifold), is composed of an air switching valve and/or an air control valve, controls the air pump flow and is itself controlled by the ECM 110.
The charcoal canister purge control 124 is an electrically operated solenoid valve controlled by ECM 110 and when energized, blocks vacuum from reaching the canister purge valve. When ECM 110 de-energizes the purge control solenoid, vacuum is allowed to reach the canister and operate the purge valve. This releases the fuel vapors collected in the canister into the induction system.
The EGR valve control solenoid 125 is activated by ECM 110. When the engine is cold, the ECM energizes the solenoid. This blocks the vacuum signal to the EGR valve 125. When the engine is warm, the ECM de-energizes the solenoid and the vacuum signal is allowed to reach and activate the EGR valve.
The Transmission Converter Clutch (TCC) 128 lock is controlled by the ECM 110 through an electrical solenoid in the transmission. When the vehicle speed sensor in the instrument panel signals the ECM that the vehicle has reached the correct speed, the ECM energizes the solenoid which allows the torque converter to mechanically couple the engine to the transmission. When the brake pedal is pushed or during deceleration, passing, etc., the ECM returns the transmission to fluid drive.
The idle speed control 132 adjusts the idle speed to load conditions, and lowers the idle speed under no-load or low-load conditions to conserve gasoline.
The Early Fuel Evaporative (EFE) system 130 used on some engines provides rapid heat to the engine induction system to promote smooth start-up and operation.
As noted, the service tools heretofore available for servicing have not provided the necessary capabilities needed to diagnose and repair problems which are directly or indirectly related to the vehicle electronics. As a result there have been long diagnostic times, incorrect repairs and multiple service visits for the same problem.
The technician terminal FIGS. 3 and 4, are designed to overcome these problems and may typically incorporate the following elements:
PC/AT Based Controller
1.2 MB 5.25 Diskette Drive
20MB Fixed Disk Drive
13" Color Monitor
Infrared (I/R) Touch Panel
ALDL Attachment Card & Cables
Probe Attachment Card & Cables
Mobile Work STation
Fault Isolation Repair Procedure Program Executor (FEX) Diagnostic Executive
Remote Update Facility
FEX Development System (FDS)
In FIG. 3, the technician terminal is housed in a console 140 mounted on wheels, such as wheel 141 for greater mobility. Console 140 has a display monitor 142 integrally incorporated therewith, monitor 142 having an infrared touch panel on the face thereof. A keyboard, such as the PC AT keyboard, is incorporated within drawer 143. The console also has a printer 144. Drawers 145 and 146 are provided for storage, drawer 146 accommodating cables, for example.
FIG. 4 is an overview of the internal interconnections and primary elements in the technician terminal. This includes the PC AT controller 150, infrared touch panel 151 associated with the display monitor 142, an ALDL and touch adapter Card 152, which besides panel 151 inputs, receives input signals from the on-board ECM by way of the ALDL cable 153, also shown in FIG. 5. Cable 153 has connectors 154 and 155 as shown in FIG. 5 for interconnection of the technician terminal with the ECM.
A probe adapter card 158 receives signals from a probe cable 160, also shown in greater detail in FIGS. 6 and 8.
IN FIG. 6, probe cable 160 comprises portions 161 and 162 as well as a device 163 for use by the technician during diagnostics as more fully described in the copending R. V. Ballou et al patent application cross-referenced above.
FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate the attachment of the test probe cable 160 to a component. Normally ECM 110 is connected to component 114 by way of cable 180 with connector 181. As mentioned, Probe 160 consists of a multiple conductor cable attached to the probe controller through adapter card 158 and terminated externally at a zero force insertion type connector 176, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8B. The attachment of the probe to a component to be tested such as throttle position sensor 114 is accomplished by use of cables having the component connector 176 on one end and a connector 177 which mates with the test probe head 163 on the other end. This cable is called a vehicle probe interface (VPI). The connector 176 of the VPI cable is inserted in line with the component to be tested and the other connector 177 is plugged into the probe head.
Use of the probe is fully described in the Ballou et al patent application.
The technician terminal, may for battery checking purposes, incorporate a battery cable 165, FIG. 7.
An enhanced color adapter card 167, FIG. 4, is connected to monitor 142 for output of display signals. A printer 168 is driven by way of another adapter card (#1) designated 169, while a modem 170 and power control unit 171 are connected to controlled 150 by way of adapter card (#2) designated 172. Modem 170 can be an internal modem rather than external as shown. Both a 20 megabyte hard disk file 173 and a 1.2 megabyte floppy diskette file 174 are accommodated by adapter card 175.
The infrared touch panel and display 142 interface with the IBM PC AT electronics for technician input. The multi-function measurement cables/probes 153, 160 supported by adapter cards 152 and 158 are for use by the technician in diagnosing and isolating a vehicle failure.
Functions performed by probe 160 are controlled by Vehicle Service Procedures programmed in controller 150 which interactively request the technician to take reading, inject source voltage/ ground or verify operational circuits.
The ALDL and touch adapter card 152 located in the technician terminal reads data presented to the ALDL connector from the vehicle ECM and formats the data in a standard manner acceptable to the PC. Card 152 is programmable and accommodates various wiring configurations, data structures, and line speeds.
A FEX Development System (FDS) is used that involves PC utility programs that run on the IBM PC to support development of Vehicle Service Procedures. Examples of the utility programs are:
Service Bulletin Generator
The Fault Isolation Repair Procedure Program Executor (FEX) is the systems control program that operates the Technician Terminal. The Vehicle Service Procedures operate under control of FEX to perform the following functions:
Guide Technician through service procedures
Retrieve and store data
Execute diagnostic procedures
Build and display panels
Control Test Probe operations
Control ALDL Interface
In the technique disclosed herein, programs executing on the off-bard computer in the technician terminal 140, FIGS. 3 and 4, by use of a visual display, prompt the technician to change the vehicle's state. For each state change a sequence of tests are executed comparing information from the data streams against known good signatures. The signature analysis includes interrogation of single parameters and the correlation of multiple parameters.
In the service environment, where more time can be allocated for testing than that allowed at the end of an assembly line, enhanced versions of the end of line test programs can be executed to provide detection capability for more vehicle problems. Building on this ability to detect faults with a computer, the present system design describes how, by the use of artificial intelligence concepts, a technician terminal can become "smarter" in it's ability to diagnose more vehicle problems. Also, as defined in the Ballou et al patent application a multi-function program controlled probe supports fault isolation to the component to be replaced, repaired or adjusted. The system structure defines a hierarchical set of programs which utilize the contents of tables that specify what vehicle states to set, which tests to run, which signatures to use, and what repair actions to take.
The technician terminal would usually be incorporated in the communications network, FIG. 1. The network connects all technician terminals to the data base in the support system 103, FIG. 1, and to the host computer 105 which collects statistics on a periodic basis relative to the repair actions performed on the vehicles, the data being stored in the master data base 104. As indicated, the technician terminals may be connected directly to the host via a network. Statistical analysis programs are used to correlate the readings taken during problem analysis and isolation against the actual repair actions performed. Based on the results of the analysis, the signature tables, the isolation sequence tables and the probe test tables are updated to reflect this later level of "learning". The updated tables are distributed to all technician terminals over the network. The network is also used to provide updates of new or revised programs and display panels.
The system procedure is illustrated in the flow chart shown in FIG. 9 and an alternative procedure makes use of tables shown in FIGS. 10A, B, and C.
The Main Menu Procedure 10 is active whenever the terminal is powered on but not in use. It displays the main menu on the monitor from which the technician selects the type of support desired. A typical main menu is shown in FIG. 12. (Same drawing sheet as FIG. 7) This includes Vehicle Service Procedure (VSP) 11 which leads the technician through the set up steps required for any service. These include:
Validate vehicle power and ground
Connect ALDL cable to the vehicle
Input the vehicle identification number (VIN)
Identify certain vehicle options
The Fault Detection Procedure 12 (FDP) detects vehicle malfunctions by interrogating data received (via the ALDL) from the on-board computer. The data is read during different vehicle states.
Ignition on (not running)
Engine at 2500 RPM
The data read represents the state of the various switches, sensors and actuators on the vehicle. The values read from each of the components are compared against known good parameters which are unique to the vehicle under test as identified by the VIN. Values from the components are correlated to establish that, even through they are within limits, they are also correct relative to the state of the vehicle and relative to the values read from other components having inter-dependencies.
All faults detected during this procedure are placed in table 15 and control is passed to the next hierarchical procedure. Each fault type is defined by a fault code.
The Fault Analysis Procedure 16 (FAP), using the fault codes from the tables 15 are arguments, does a sequential compare against the contents of the Fault Analysis Table 17. Each entry in this table contains one or more fault codes. Multiple codes in an entry represent a set that when detected concurrently indicate a specific component malfunction as being the most probable cause. A different fault code is assigned to each code set.
Fault Analysis Table 17 is continuously updated by the network host computer and redistributed to all terminals in the network on some periodic basis, such as daily, but overnight so as to have minimum effect on system availability. The updates to the tables are based upon statistical analysis of all Service Incident Reports (SIR's) that have been stored in the host data base since the last update period. A SIR is generated and sent to the host for each repair action performed on a vehicle. Each SIR contains the VIN, detected fault codes, component readings and repair action taken. This mechanism, over time, increases the probability of finding and correcting the malfunctioning part on the first pass through the fault analysis table since the table is ordered based on frequency of success relative to the codes.
The search of the table continues until an entry is found whose fault codes match one or more of those passed by the FDP. The fault code found such as "236" at block 18 in that entry is passed to the next hierarchical procedure.
In the Fault Sequencing Procedure 20 (FSP), for each fault code passed by the FAP, there is a list in the form of tables 21 containing the name(s) of one or more isolation procedures. These lists are also updated by the host system to reflect the results of statistical analysis of service histories. Each procedure name in the list represents a component that has required a repair action when the related fault code was detected. If the list contains more than one name, they are ordered based upon frequency of cause.
The FSP 20 causes the procedure names at the top of the list to execute at the next hierarchical level. The FAP and FSP procedures in blocks 16 and 20 may be combined into one procedure, if desired and only one table may be set up to accommodate the data stored in tables 17 and 21.
The combining of the Fault Analysis Procedure (FAP) and the Fault Sequencing Procedure (FSP) into one procedure called the Fault Analysis Procedure makes use of the tables shown in FIGS. 10A, B, and C. The Fault Analysis Procedure:
1. Sorts the fault codes in the fault table, 15a, FIG. 10A.
2. Searches the fault analysis table 17a, FIG. 10B for a line where all of the fault codes in that line are listed in the fault table.
3. When a match is found then the FIPs listed in the Fault Analysis Table 17a are executed in order, table 21a, FIG. 10C.
4. Checks to see if it has already executed that FIP. If it has then that FIP is not executed a second time.
5. Continues to execute the FIPs on matching line in the Fault Analysis Table 17a until the problem is fixed or there are no more FIPs to execute.
6. If the problem is found and repaired the control is passed back to the Fault Detection Procedure 12, FIG. 9, so it can recheck for faults.
7. If none of the FIPs listed on the line in the Fault Analysis Table 17a solve the problem then the FAP goes to the next line in table and looks for matches (Step 2 above).
Given the faults logged in the Fault Table 15a and the associated Fault Analysis table 17a the circled FIPs in FIG. 10B would be executed.
A Fault Isolation Procedure as at block 22 (FIP) is executed for the electrical or electronic components on the vehicle the procedure being selected from the group of procedures chosen by FSP 20. These procedures perform a complete test of the related part using the multi-function test probe 160. A complete "black box" analysis of the component is performed. There are, of course, some components such as lights, radios, power windows, door locks, etc. that are not covered by procedures. Many vehicles already have FIPs which cover these components. There are also FIPs for non-electrical components such as throttle linkages, vacuum hoses, fuel system, etc.
This test of components has one of the following results:
The test fails which will cause the FIP to invoke the proper procedure to guide the technician in the repair, replace or adjustment required. When the repair action is completed, the same FIP will re-run the test to validate the fix, then return control to the FDP to determine if the repair action eliminated all the faults found on the initial pass. If not, then the same scenario is again followed.
If the test completes with no failures, the FIP returns control to the FAP which selects the next FIP names in the list and another suspected component is tested. If there are no other FIP names in the list, the FAP continues to search the fault analysis table until another match is found. This scenario is repeated until all faults have been eliminated.
Thus, the fault repair procedures guide the technician through the proper steps to accomplish the repair, replacement or adjustment required. This guidance is provided by sequences of display panels containing such things as adjustment procedures, part locations, removal sequences, etc.
In the event that no trouble is found after having exercised all the FIPs that were invoked relative to the detected faults, communication may be established through the network to the host system 105 and the fault codes detected, along with user defined symptoms, are transmitted to the data base 104. Host resident programs interrogate the service history files and transmit back to the terminal additional fault isolation procedures to be tried.
FIG. 11 illustrates a memory map assignment in PC AT controller 150, FIG. 4, for the programs used to accomplish the procedures set forth in connection with FIG. 9.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it is to be understood that there is no intention to limit the invention to the precise construction herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4125894 *||May 18, 1977||Nov 14, 1978||Sun Electric Corporation||Engine test and display apparatus|
|US4270174 *||Feb 5, 1979||May 26, 1981||Sun Electric Corporation||Remote site engine test techniques|
|US4295363 *||Mar 25, 1977||Oct 20, 1981||Harris Corporation||Apparatus for diagnosing faults in individual cylinders in an internal combustion engine|
|US4375672 *||May 5, 1980||Mar 1, 1983||K.K. Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho, Et Al.||Engine analyzer|
|US4404639 *||Dec 2, 1980||Sep 13, 1983||Chevron Research Company||Automotive diagnostic system|
|US4418388 *||Aug 14, 1980||Nov 29, 1983||The Allen Group Inc.||Engine waveform pattern analyzer|
|US4441359 *||Mar 3, 1982||Apr 10, 1984||Nissan Motor Company, Limited||Method and apparatus for inspecting vehicles|
|US4476531 *||Dec 4, 1981||Oct 9, 1984||Bear Automotive Service Equipment Company||Engine analyzer with digital waveform display|
|US4649515 *||Jul 1, 1986||Mar 10, 1987||Westinghouse Electric Corp.||Methods and apparatus for system fault diagnosis and control|
|US4694408 *||Jan 15, 1986||Sep 15, 1987||Zaleski James V||Apparatus for testing auto electronics systems|
|1||Article: "A Digital Electronic System for Automobile Testing and Diagnosis", T. A. Cross, IEE Conference Jul. 6-9, 1976, London, England, pp. 152-159.|
|2||Article: "Computerized Diagnostic Tester at Hand", Electrical World, Aug. 1, 1975, pp. 36-38.|
|3||Article: "Specific Cell Location Assembly for Displays", R. V. Ballou et al, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Feb. 1985, vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 5104-5106.|
|4||*||Article: A Digital Electronic System for Automobile Testing and Diagnosis , T. A. Cross, IEE Conference Jul. 6 9, 1976, London, England, pp. 152 159.|
|5||*||Article: Computerized Diagnostic Tester at Hand , Electrical World, Aug. 1, 1975, pp. 36 38.|
|6||*||Article: Specific Cell Location Assembly for Displays , R. V. Ballou et al, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Feb. 1985, vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 5104 5106.|
|7||Book: "Electronic Engine Controls", Chilton Book Co., 1985 Frontispiece, Contents, pp. 38-41, 239-259, 274, 275.|
|8||Book: "Programmer's Guide to the IBM PC", Peter Norton, 1985, Microsoft Press, Contents, pp. 5, 6, 7, 12, 42-44, 68, 102-106, 130, 143, 144.|
|9||*||Book: Electronic Engine Controls , Chilton Book Co., 1985 Frontispiece, Contents, pp. 38 41, 239 259, 274, 275.|
|10||*||Book: Programmer s Guide to the IBM PC , Peter Norton, 1985, Microsoft Press, Contents, pp. 5, 6, 7, 12, 42 44, 68, 102 106, 130, 143, 144.|
|11||Booklet: "The Guide" (Personal Computer), vol. IV, 1985, International Business Machines Corp. Front & Back Covers, pp. 8, 10, 11, 31, 34, 36.|
|12||*||Booklet: The Guide (Personal Computer), vol. IV, 1985, International Business Machines Corp. Front & Back Covers, pp. 8, 10, 11, 31, 34, 36.|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4924391 *||Feb 26, 1988||May 8, 1990||Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha||Trouble-diagnosable multifunction testing apparatus|
|US5034889 *||Mar 21, 1989||Jul 23, 1991||Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha||Diagnosis system for a motor vehicle|
|US5036479 *||Apr 20, 1989||Jul 30, 1991||Trw Inc.||Modular automated avionics test system|
|US5041976 *||Aug 28, 1989||Aug 20, 1991||Ford Motor Company||Diagnostic system using pattern recognition for electronic automotive control systems|
|US5085504 *||Oct 1, 1987||Feb 4, 1992||Kaj-Berg Jensen||Control system for adjusting the rear view mirror of a vehicle in response to the position of the steering gear|
|US5130936 *||Sep 14, 1990||Jul 14, 1992||Arinc Research Corporation||Method and apparatus for diagnostic testing including a neural network for determining testing sufficiency|
|US5157610 *||Feb 15, 1990||Oct 20, 1992||Hitachi, Ltd.||System and method of load sharing control for automobile|
|US5172062 *||Jun 7, 1990||Dec 15, 1992||Man Nutzfahrzeuge A.G.||Device for testing electrical appliances used in a motor vehicle|
|US5214582 *||Jan 30, 1991||May 25, 1993||Edge Diagnostic Systems||Interactive diagnostic system for an automotive vehicle, and method|
|US5250935 *||Sep 24, 1990||Oct 5, 1993||Snap-On Tools Corporation||Waveform peak capture circuit for digital engine analyzer|
|US5313388 *||May 12, 1993||May 17, 1994||Ford Motor Company||Method and apparatus for diagnosing engine and/or vehicle system faults based on vehicle operating or drive symptoms|
|US5319962 *||Dec 4, 1992||Jun 14, 1994||Mercedes-Benz Ag||Device for the identification of vehicle and equipment features|
|US5396422 *||Mar 2, 1992||Mar 7, 1995||Mercedes-Benz Ag||Method for detecting malfunctions in a motor vehicle|
|US5414626 *||May 19, 1993||May 9, 1995||Envirotest Systems Corp.||Apparatus and method for capturing, storing, retrieving, and displaying the identification and location of motor vehicle emission control systems|
|US5426585 *||May 28, 1992||Jun 20, 1995||Cummins Electronics Company, Inc.||Method and apparatus for generating calibration information for an electronic engine control module|
|US5473540 *||Jan 10, 1994||Dec 5, 1995||Delco Electronics Corp.||Electronic controller for vehicle|
|US5491631 *||Oct 21, 1994||Feb 13, 1996||Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha||Fault diagnostic system for vehicles using identification and program codes|
|US5506772 *||Oct 20, 1989||Apr 9, 1996||Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha||Trouble-diagnosis multi-function tester|
|US5729452 *||Mar 31, 1995||Mar 17, 1998||Envirotest Acquisition Co.||Method and system for diagnosing and reporting failure of a vehicle emission test|
|US5734569 *||Sep 7, 1994||Mar 31, 1998||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||Computer interface board for electronic automotive vehicle service equipment|
|US5757645 *||Nov 22, 1995||May 26, 1998||Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag||Diagnostic method for motor vehicles for checking electronically controlled systems|
|US5758300 *||Jul 30, 1997||May 26, 1998||Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha||Diagnosis system for motor vehicles and the method thereof|
|US5835871 *||Jan 21, 1997||Nov 10, 1998||Envirotest Systems, Inc.||Method and system for diagnosing and reporting failure of a vehicle emission test|
|US5850209 *||May 19, 1997||Dec 15, 1998||Hewlett-Packard Company||Computer system having remotely operated interactive display|
|US5877961 *||Sep 24, 1996||Mar 2, 1999||Genicom Corporation||Electronic support work station and method of operation|
|US5944839 *||Mar 19, 1997||Aug 31, 1999||Symantec Corporation||System and method for automatically maintaining a computer system|
|US5999867 *||Jul 30, 1997||Dec 7, 1999||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||Computer interface board for electronic automotive vehicle service equipment|
|US6009360 *||Oct 7, 1996||Dec 28, 1999||Spx Corporation||Engine analyzer with real-time digital display|
|US6021366 *||Jun 30, 1997||Feb 1, 2000||Chrysler Corporation||Method for testing electrical wiring buck of vehicle|
|US6052631 *||Aug 8, 1997||Apr 18, 2000||Management Systems Data Service, Inc. ("Msds, Inc.")||Method and system for facilitating vehicle inspection to detect previous damage and repairs|
|US6141608 *||Oct 27, 1998||Oct 31, 2000||Snap-On Tools Company||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US6181992 *||Apr 28, 1995||Jan 30, 2001||Chrysler Corporation||Automotive diagnostic service tool with hand held tool and master controller|
|US6192302 *||Jul 31, 1998||Feb 20, 2001||Ford Global Technologies, Inc.||Motor vehicle diagnostic system and apparatus|
|US6292806 *||Nov 16, 1999||Sep 18, 2001||Aircraft Technical Publishers||Computer aided maintenance and repair information system for equipment subject to regulatory compliance|
|US6397131||May 23, 2000||May 28, 2002||Management Systems Data Service, Inc.||Method and system for facilitating vehicle inspection to detect previous damage and repairs|
|US6574537 *||Feb 5, 2001||Jun 3, 2003||The Boeing Company||Diagnostic system and method|
|US6615120||Oct 30, 2000||Sep 2, 2003||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US6622070 *||May 22, 1998||Sep 16, 2003||J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co. Kg||Diagnostic device for monitoring a sub-system in a motor vehicle|
|US6714846||Mar 20, 2002||Mar 30, 2004||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||Diagnostic director|
|US6845307||May 20, 2003||Jan 18, 2005||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US6846207||Oct 30, 2002||Jan 25, 2005||Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha||Return-to-port warning device and method|
|US6859692||Jul 11, 2003||Feb 22, 2005||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Information transmitting device and information transmitting method for watercraft|
|US6863580||Jul 22, 2003||Mar 8, 2005||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Control circuits and methods for inhibiting abrupt engine mode transitions in a watercraft|
|US6868319||Feb 26, 2003||Mar 15, 2005||The Boeing Company||Diagnostic system and method|
|US6878019||Oct 24, 2002||Apr 12, 2005||Yamaha Marin Kabushiki Kaisha||Watercraft control systems|
|US6923696||Jul 22, 2003||Aug 2, 2005||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Engine starting system for multiple engines|
|US6975936||Jul 1, 2003||Dec 13, 2005||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Malfunction diagnosis system for engine|
|US7142960||Oct 14, 2004||Nov 28, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Prioritized test procedure and step display using statistical feedback|
|US7146531 *||Dec 28, 2000||Dec 5, 2006||Landesk Software Limited||Repairing applications|
|US7209814||Mar 12, 2004||Apr 24, 2007||The Boeing Company||Diagnostic system and method for enabling multistage decision optimization for aircraft preflight dispatch|
|US7209815||Dec 28, 2004||Apr 24, 2007||Snap-On Incorporated||Test procedures using pictures|
|US7353095||Sep 25, 2002||Apr 1, 2008||Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha||Diagnostic system for watercraft|
|US7373225||Jul 25, 2005||May 13, 2008||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for optimizing vehicle diagnostic trees using similar templates|
|US7373226||Jul 25, 2005||May 13, 2008||Snap-On Incorporated||System and method for optimizing vehicle diagnostic tress using similar templates|
|US7408950||Jul 11, 2003||Aug 5, 2008||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Multiple node network and communication method within the network|
|US7443875||Oct 28, 2004||Oct 28, 2008||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Information communication system, device and method|
|US7505836||Aug 1, 2005||Mar 17, 2009||Yamaha Marine Kabushiki Kaisha||Inspection system for watercraft|
|US7516000||Dec 28, 2004||Apr 7, 2009||Snap-On Incorporated||Test procedures using pictures|
|US7551993||Jul 25, 2005||Jun 23, 2009||Snap-On Incorporated||Diagnostic tree substitution system and method|
|US7559812||Mar 30, 2007||Jul 14, 2009||Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha||Boat|
|US7617029||Jul 19, 2005||Nov 10, 2009||United Technologies Corporation||System and method for fault code driven maintenance system|
|US7674145||Mar 27, 2007||Mar 9, 2010||Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha||Boat having prioritized controls|
|US7706936 *||Aug 24, 2005||Apr 27, 2010||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for adaptively modifying diagnostic vehicle information|
|US7835830 *||Mar 22, 2005||Nov 16, 2010||Thyssenkrupp Transrapid Gmbh||Device for the generation of reliable status signals of a vehicle that is movable along a given path of travel|
|US7865278 *||Jun 14, 2006||Jan 4, 2011||Spx Corporation||Diagnostic test sequence optimization method and apparatus|
|US7957860||Apr 1, 2008||Jun 7, 2011||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for optimizing vehicle diagnostic trees using similar templates|
|US8005853||Nov 9, 2004||Aug 23, 2011||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for dynamically adjusting searches for diagnostic information|
|US8239094||Apr 23, 2008||Aug 7, 2012||Spx Corporation||Test requirement list for diagnostic tests|
|US8412402||Apr 11, 2011||Apr 2, 2013||Spx Corporation||Vehicle state tracking method and apparatus for diagnostic testing|
|US8423226||Jun 14, 2006||Apr 16, 2013||Service Solutions U.S. Llc||Dynamic decision sequencing method and apparatus for optimizing a diagnostic test plan|
|US8428810 *||Jan 30, 2009||Apr 23, 2013||Verifacts Automotive, Llc||Data management systems for collision repair coaching|
|US8428813||Aug 19, 2009||Apr 23, 2013||Service Solutions Us Llc||Dynamic decision sequencing method and apparatus for optimizing a diagnostic test plan|
|US8533018 *||Sep 29, 2006||Sep 10, 2013||Komatsu Ltd.||System for construction machine maintenance based on predicted service life|
|US8620511 *||Jan 14, 2005||Dec 31, 2013||Snap-On Incorporated||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US8648700||Jun 23, 2009||Feb 11, 2014||Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Llc||Alerts issued upon component detection failure|
|US8762165||Dec 31, 2010||Jun 24, 2014||Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Llc||Optimizing test procedures for a subject under test|
|US8928465 *||May 30, 2012||Jan 6, 2015||GM Motors LLC||Aftermarket module arrangement and method for communicating over a vehicle bus|
|US9081883||Mar 5, 2013||Jul 14, 2015||Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Inc.||Dynamic decision sequencing method and apparatus for optimizing a diagnostic test plan|
|US20020069072 *||Sep 4, 2001||Jun 6, 2002||Wolfgang Friedrich||Augmented-reality system with voice-based recording of information data, in particular of service reports|
|US20030060946 *||Sep 20, 2002||Mar 27, 2003||Takashi Okuyama||Inspection system for watercraft|
|US20030061076 *||Sep 25, 2002||Mar 27, 2003||Takashi Okuyama||Watercraft management system|
|US20030082963 *||Oct 30, 2002||May 1, 2003||Hitoshi Motose||Return-to-port warning device and method|
|US20030167111 *||Feb 26, 2003||Sep 4, 2003||The Boeing Company||Diagnostic system and method|
|US20030195681 *||May 20, 2003||Oct 16, 2003||Rother Paul J.||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US20040002810 *||Jul 1, 2003||Jan 1, 2004||Syu Akuzawa||Malfunction diagnosis system for engine|
|US20040057450 *||Jul 11, 2003||Mar 25, 2004||Takashi Okuyama||Multiple node network and communication method within the network|
|US20040059478 *||Jul 11, 2003||Mar 25, 2004||Takashi Okuyama||Information transmitting device and information transmitting method for watercraft|
|US20040121661 *||Jul 22, 2003||Jun 24, 2004||Takashi Okuyama||Control circuits and methods for inhibiting abrupt engine mode transitions in a watercraft|
|US20040121666 *||Jul 22, 2003||Jun 24, 2004||Takashi Okuyama||Engine starting system for multiple engines|
|US20040199307 *||Mar 12, 2004||Oct 7, 2004||Oscar Kipersztok||Diagnostic system and method for enabling multistage decision optimization for aircraft preflight dispatch|
|US20050137762 *||Jan 14, 2005||Jun 23, 2005||Snap-On Technologies, Inc.||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|US20050241425 *||Apr 12, 2005||Nov 3, 2005||Takahiro Oguma||Shift system for boat propulsion unit|
|US20050267654 *||Aug 1, 2005||Dec 1, 2005||Takashi Okuyama||Inspection system for watercraft|
|US20060015777 *||Jul 19, 2005||Jan 19, 2006||United Technologies Corporation.||System and method for fault code driven maintenance system|
|US20060030981 *||Jul 22, 2004||Feb 9, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Automated analysis of vehicle diagnostic data stream to identify anomaly|
|US20060095230 *||Nov 2, 2004||May 4, 2006||Jeff Grier||Method and system for enhancing machine diagnostics aids using statistical feedback|
|US20060101074 *||Nov 9, 2004||May 11, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for dynamically adjusting searches for diagnostic information|
|US20060136104 *||Dec 22, 2004||Jun 22, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Distributed diagnostic system|
|US20060142907 *||Dec 28, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for enhanced vehicle diagnostics using statistical feedback|
|US20060142908 *||Dec 28, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Test procedures using pictures|
|US20060142909 *||Dec 28, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Test procedures using pictures|
|US20060142910 *||Dec 28, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Method for display of diagnostic procedures based on a repair technician's experience level|
|US20060142972 *||Dec 29, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||System and method of using sensors to emulate human senses for diagnosing an assembly|
|US20060143173 *||Dec 29, 2004||Jun 29, 2006||Snap-On Incorporated||Method, apparatus, and system for implementing vehicle identification|
|US20060229777 *||Apr 11, 2006||Oct 12, 2006||Hudson Michael D||System and methods of performing real-time on-board automotive telemetry analysis and reporting|
|US20070043487 *||Aug 19, 2005||Feb 22, 2007||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for providing vehicle-service alerts to a vehicle technician|
|US20070055420 *||Aug 24, 2005||Mar 8, 2007||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and system for adaptively modifying diagnostic vehicle information|
|US20070088472 *||Oct 6, 2006||Apr 19, 2007||Ganzcorp Investments Inc.||Method and apparatus for validating OBD repairs|
|US20070192000 *||Mar 22, 2005||Aug 16, 2007||Thyssenkrupp Transrapid Gmbh||Device for the generation of reliable status of a vehicle that is movable along a given oath of travel|
|US20070220262 *||Sep 18, 2006||Sep 20, 2007||Fujitsu Limited||Input assisting apparatus, input assisting method, and computer product|
|US20070293998 *||Jun 14, 2006||Dec 20, 2007||Underdal Olav M||Information object creation based on an optimized test procedure method and apparatus|
|US20070294000 *||Jun 14, 2006||Dec 20, 2007||Underdal Olav M||Diagnostic test sequence optimization method and apparatus|
|US20070294001 *||Jun 14, 2006||Dec 20, 2007||Underdal Olav M||Dynamic decision sequencing method and apparatus for optimizing a diagnostic test plan|
|US20080020656 *||Mar 30, 2007||Jan 24, 2008||Takashi Yamada||Boat|
|US20080183351 *||Apr 1, 2008||Jul 31, 2008||Snap-On Incorporated||Method and System For Optimizing Vehicle Diagnostic Trees Using Similar Templates|
|US20090197228 *||Jan 30, 2009||Aug 6, 2009||Farzam Afshar||Data management systems for collision repair coaching|
|US20090216401 *||Feb 27, 2008||Aug 27, 2009||Underdal Olav M||Feedback loop on diagnostic procedure|
|US20090216584 *||Feb 27, 2008||Aug 27, 2009||Fountain Gregory J||Repair diagnostics based on replacement parts inventory|
|US20090259507 *||Sep 29, 2006||Oct 15, 2009||Hirobumi Miwa||Working Machine Maintenance Work Management System|
|US20090271239 *||Oct 29, 2009||Underdal Olav M||Test requirement list for diagnostic tests|
|US20100010702 *||Jan 14, 2010||Spx Corporation||Dynamic decision sequencing method and apparatus for optimiing a diagnostic test plan|
|US20100121465 *||Apr 2, 2008||May 13, 2010||Daikin Industries, Ltd.||Group management apparatus and group management program|
|US20100217498 *||Oct 24, 2008||Aug 26, 2010||Bilal Youssef||Engine control method based on graphic signatures|
|US20100321175 *||Jun 23, 2009||Dec 23, 2010||Gilbert Harry M||Alerts Issued Upon Component Detection Failure|
|US20100324376 *||Jul 6, 2010||Dec 23, 2010||Spx Corporation||Diagnostics Data Collection and Analysis Method and Apparatus|
|US20120101863 *||Oct 22, 2010||Apr 26, 2012||Byron Edwin Truax||Machine-management system|
|US20130321134 *||May 30, 2012||Dec 5, 2013||General Motors Llc||Aftermarket module arrangement and method for communicating over a vehicle bus|
|EP0398481A2 *||Mar 28, 1990||Nov 22, 1990||Ford Motor Company Limited||Method and apparatus for diagnosing an electronic automotive control system by means of pattern recognition|
|EP0563612A2 *||Mar 4, 1993||Oct 6, 1993||Siemens Aktiengesellschaft||Method for localization of faults in electronic control units|
|EP0574253A2 *||Jun 10, 1993||Dec 15, 1993||The Automobile Association Limited||A diagnostic procedure|
|EP0629773A1 *||Jun 8, 1994||Dec 21, 1994||Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft||Vehicle diagnostic method for testing electronically controlled systems|
|EP0737908A1 *||Apr 2, 1996||Oct 16, 1996||Hewlett-Packard Company||Computer system having remotely operated interactive display|
|EP0997638A2 *||Apr 23, 1999||May 3, 2000||Snap-On Tools Corporation||System for dynamic diagnosis of apparatus operating conditions|
|EP1286244A2 *||Aug 14, 2002||Feb 26, 2003||General Electric Company||Paperless records in aircraft maintenance|
|EP1426776A1 *||Oct 23, 2003||Jun 9, 2004||Siemens Aktiengesellschaft||Testing device and method of production using this testing device|
|WO1992014216A1 *||Jan 29, 1992||Aug 20, 1992||Edge Diagnostic Systems||Interactive diagnostic system for an automotive vehicle, and method|
|WO1995011435A1 *||Oct 7, 1994||Apr 27, 1995||Christian Marchais||Measuring bench for automobile diagnosis|
|WO1999036839A1 *||Jan 15, 1999||Jul 22, 1999||Car Computer Company Australas||User configurable bimodular engine management computer|
|WO2006019514A2 *||Jun 23, 2005||Feb 23, 2006||Snap On Tools Corp||Automated analysis of vehicle diagnostic data stream to identify anomaly|
|WO2006020209A2 *||Jul 19, 2005||Feb 23, 2006||David C Loda||System and method for fault code driven maintenance system|
|WO2007038983A1 *||Sep 29, 2005||Apr 12, 2007||Snap On Tools Corp||Analysis of vehicle diagnostic data stream using a recorded movie of the data stream|
|WO2011117495A1||Feb 22, 2011||Sep 29, 2011||Peugeot CitroŽn Automobiles SA||Non-intrusive device for diagnosis, by vectorial comparison, of operating situation(s) in at least one communication network|
|U.S. Classification||701/99, 714/E11.148, 73/114.61|
|International Classification||G06F11/25, G01M15/05, G06F11/32, G01R31/00, B60R16/02, G06F11/22, F02D41/26, B60R16/03, F02P17/00|
|Cooperative Classification||G01M15/05, G01R31/007, G06F11/2273, F02P17/00, G06F11/2205, F02D41/266, G06F11/2257, B60R16/0315, G06F11/32|
|European Classification||F02D41/26D, G01R31/00T2B, F02P17/00, G01M15/05, G06F11/22M|
|Jun 2, 1986||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, ARMON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BOSCOVE, JOSEPH A.;KURTZ, HOBART L.;REEL/FRAME:004565/0103;SIGNING DATES FROM 19860528 TO 19860529
|May 13, 1992||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 13, 1996||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Jan 5, 1997||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Mar 18, 1997||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 19970108