Oral contraceptives and patch-delivery birth control that contain estrogens and progestin have been implicated in some sun reactions, but rarely in sun allergies. A sun allergy usually shows up as a rash on sun-exposed skin, typically the chest and arms. Birth control pills and contraceptive patches commonly result in pigmentary changes — for example, a tannish discoloration of the face after sun exposure.
In determining the nature of a "sun allergy," it is important to review one's medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as vitamin and mineral supplements. Certain drugs are known to be photosensitizers — while you're taking them you can develop a "sun rash" if you spend too much time in the sun. You also need to rule out systemic reasons for the rash, such as any underlying diseases that may induce a sun reaction.
If you are healthy and on no medications, you may have what is known as PMLE (polymorphous light eruption) — itchy red bumps that develop after the first exposure to sun each spring or summer. You may experience the rash during a holiday to a sunny climate where you spend more time in the sun. Usually the reaction will clear within a week's time. Oral antihistamines and topical emollients with cortisone may offer relief.
Usually, applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with UVA and UVB coverage, as well as avoiding too much exposure and wearing adequate clothing to cover up while in the sun, is all that's required for the majority of patients. However, more aggressive measures may be taken by your dermatologist after further diagnostic workup.
Learn more in the Everyday Health Skin and Beauty Center.
Last Updated: 9/13/2007