|Authors: ||A. Ramos, L. Rallo, H.F. Rapoport|
|Keywords: ||biennial bearing, chilling requirements, dormancy onset, dormancy release, forced budburst, Olive (Oleae europeae L.)|
Leafy and defoliated 3-node cuttings of 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' olive were obtained in the field from June 1996 until February 1997 and forced for budburst in a growth chamber at 20°C. Defoliation increased budburst of cuttings taken from both bearing (ON) and non bearing (OFF) trees, although the budburst pattern differed.
In OFF defoliated cuttings, there was a steady decrease in budburst from June to December, except in September when budburst increased.
In February, defoliation had no effect and there was a sharp increase of budburst due to inflorescence development.
In ON defoliated cuttings, there was a variable but relatively uniform budburst trend and a small final inflorescence development.
Reproductive budburst was only observed after chilling accumulation.
Forcing temperatures influenced the time and duration of reproductive budburst: 12.5°C promoted earlier and slower budburst and 30°C later and faster budburst comparing with 20°C. Anatomical observations confirm a differential behavior in ON and OFF development after sufficient chilling accumulation.
Dormancy and release from dormancy of OFF buds appears to be a prerequisite for inflorescence development.
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