genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake, of genetic material from its surroundings and taken up through the cell membrane
a virus that infects bacteria
method of replication that implies that each new strand of DNA is half original and half new
a chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer or polymeric compound
protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
Endcap of a strand of DNA
an enzyme in eukaryotic cells that can add telomeres to the ends of chromosomes after they divide
an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the DNA molecule
The DNA strand that provides the template for ordering the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript.
An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.
An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer.
A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing.
Short fragments of DNA that are a result of the synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication.
an enzyme that eventually joins the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments
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