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|United States Patent||5,678,643|
|Robbins , et al.||October 21, 1997|
A LWD tool is disclosed for detecting the existence of and distance to adjacent bed boundaries. A transmitter assembly generates either a short acoustic pulse or a swept frequency signal that is detected by an associated receiver assembly. The received signal(s) are conditioned and converted to high precision digital signals by an A/D converter. The digitized signals are accumulated and transferred to a digital signal processor via a high speed data bus. The digital signal processor also receives a digital signal representing the transmission signal and compares the transmission signal and the received signals together to enable a downhole microprocessor to derive a time lag for the received signals. The microprocessor can transmit the time lag signal to the surface via a mud pulse for real-time control, or can operate as part of a closed loop drilling system to automatically control inclination of the drilling assembly to stay within, or to enter, a pay zone based upon the time lag associated with the received signals, and the measured speed of sound of the formation. In one embodiment, the receivers in the receiver array are steered to investigate various volume cells in the formation. A time delay is determined based on the volume cell, which is used to align and sum the received signals. The maximum sum value then is used as indicative of a bed boundary in that particular volume call.
|Inventors:||Robbins; Carl Arthur (Tomball, TX), Mallett; A. J. (Houston,, TX), Minear; John Wesley (Houston,, TX), Mandal; Batakrishna (Missouri City, TX), Birchak; James Robert (Spring, TX), Linyaev; Eugene Joseph (Houston, TX)|
Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Filed:||October 18, 1995|
|Current U.S. Class:||175/45 ; 166/255.2|
|Current International Class:||E21B 47/02 (20060101); G01V 1/46 (20060101); G01V 1/40 (20060101); E21B 7/04 (20060101); E21B 47/022 (20060101); F21B 007/00 ()|
|Field of Search:||175/26,45,61 166/255.2,250.16,254.2|
|Re33751||November 1991||Geczy et al.|
|3823787||July 1974||Haworth et al.|
|4786874||November 1988||Grosso et al.|
|5230386||July 1993||Wu et al.|
Author Unknown; Measurements at the Bit: A New Generation of MWD Tools; Apr./Jul., 1993; pp. 44-54; Place of Publication unknown. .
Jan Arve Olsen, Potential of MWD Tools; Mar. 1993; pp. 17-18; Place of Publication unknown. .
E. Iversen Nakken, O. Baltzersen and A. Kristensen; Characteristics of Drill Bit Generated Noise; Jun. 1990; pp. 1-11; Place of Publication unknown. .
GEC-Marconi Ltd., Looking Ahead of the Bit Proof of Concept Study Proposal for Service Companies; Sep., 1993; pp. 1-12; Place of Publication unknown. .
IKU Sintef Group; IKU Targets position Logging Tools; Date unknown, 4 pages; Place of Publication unknown..