Focal resection – if your seizure is coming from a small single area of the brain which can be safely removed, focal resection may be performed to significantly reduce the seizure frequency and severity.
Corpus Callosotomy- It is a surgical procedure that disconnects the anterior cerebral hemisphere in order to prevent the seizure from spreading.
Vagal Nerve Stimulator (VNS) – it is currently the only FDA approved neurostimulation therapy for refractory epilepsy. It is an adjunctive treatment for certain types of intractable epilepsy. It is designed to prevent seizures by sending regular, mild pulses of electrical energy to the brain via the vagus nerve in the neck. These pulses are supplied by a device something like a pacemaker.
Other investigational therapies - There are some other investigational neurostimulation therapies but currently not available, such as Deep Brain Stimulation and Responsive Neurostimulation (NeuroPace).