Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Albanian:
Këlkeza e njollosur
Common Names in Arabic:
Common Names in Azerbaijani:
Common Names in Czech:
Common Names in Danish:
Common Names in Dutch:
Common Names in English:
Adders Tongue, Adam-And-Eve, Calves Foot, Cuckoo Pint, Cuckoopint, Lords and Ladies, Lords-And-Ladies, Sweethearts
Common Names in Finnish:
Common Names in French:
gouet tacheté, Pied-De-Veau
Common Names in German:
Common Names in Hungarian:
Common Names in Kurdish:
Common Names in Polish:
Common Names in Russian:
Common Names in Serbian:
Common Names in Spanish:
Aro Muchado, Culebrera
Common Names in Swedish:
, wetland or terrestrial
, occasionally emergent or floating, [often epiphytic or climbing
], usually with milky
or watery latex, rarely colored
. Rhizomes, corms, or stolons present; rhizomes vertical
or horizontal, creeping at or near surface
, sometimes branched; corms underground, starchy; stolons at or near surface. Stems absent [sometimes aboveground or aerial
]. Cataphylls usually present. Leaves rarely solitary, alternate or clustered; petiole
rarely absent, with sheathing
, occasionally sagittate-cordate, larger than 1.5 cm; venation
parallel or pinnate- or palmate-netted. Inflorescences spadices, each with 3--900 usually tightly grouped, sessile flowers, subtended by spathe
; spathe rarely absent, persistent
(sometimes only proximally) or deciduous, variously colored; spadix cylindric
, various parts occasionally naked or with sterile
flowers. Flowers bisexual
usually on same plants
or functionally on different plants, staminate flowers
distal to pistillate when unisexual; perianth absent or present; stamens 2--12, distinct
in synandria; ovaryies 1, 1--3(--many) -locular, sessile or embedded
in spadix; styles 1; stigmas hemispheric
, capitate, or discoid
[sometimes strongly lobed
]. Fruits berries
, distinct or connate at maturity. Seeds 1--40(--many) per berry.
Genera 105, species more than 3300 (8 genera, 10 species in the flora ; species in 10 additional genera may persist locally within flora area, see talbe 203.1) : nearly worldwide, primarily tropical regions .
Araceae are best characterized by the inflorescence, a fleshy cylindric or ovoid, unbranched spadix subtended or surrounded by a spathe. True spathes are absent in the Nearctic genus Orontium and in the Australian genus Gymnostachys. Other plant families with a compressed spadix-like inflorescence, such as Piperaceae and Cyclanthaceae, either do not have a structure equivalent to a spathe (Piperaceae) or have early-deciduous bracts (Cyclanthaceae) . Plants are usually glabrous , rarely pubescent or spiny (pubescent in Pistia) . Many Araceae exhibit typical monocotyledonous parallel leaf venation, but some genera have net leaf venation more typical of dicotyledons.
Infrafamilial classification of the Araceae is under active study. The only classification of the family to date to utilize modern phylogenetic techniques (S. J. Mayo et al. 1997) recognizes seven subfamilies, of which three are represented in native temperate North American aroid flora: Orontioideae (Orontium, Symplocarpus, Lysichiton) ; Calloideae (Calla) ; and Aroideae (Peltandra, Arisaema, and Pistia) . Acorus, a genus historically included in Araceae, is treated as a separate family in theat flora based on extensive morphologic and chemical evidence that supports its removal from Arales (M. H. Grayum 1987) .
The number of genera of Araceae occurring in temperate North America is low in comparison with other continents, and primitive taxa are disproportionately represented. Orontioideae and Calloideae, which include four of the seven native genera found in the flora area, are the basal clades within Araceae. Plants in these subfamilies possess the primitive states for many characteristics in Araceae and share few derived characteristics with other aroid genera (M. H. Grayum 1990) . The more advanced genera native to the flora area include one genus endemic to eastern North America (Peltandra), a pantropical genus with an uncertain native distribution (Pistia), and a genus clearly Eurasian in origin (Arisaema) .
Araceae contain crystals of calcium oxalate , which are often cited as causing the intense irritation experienced when handling or consuming the raw plant tissue of many genera in the family. This supposition is contradicted by the fact that although irritation generally is not produced by properly cooked plants, the crystals remain after heating. Other compounds must therefore be involved with causing this reaction. Studies of Dieffenbachia demonstrated that a proteolytic enzyme , as well as other compounds, are responsible for the severe irritation caused by this plant and that raphides of calcium oxalate do not play a major role (J. Arditti and E. Rodriguez 1982) . Whether irritation is caused by enzymes or crystals, that aspect of Araceae has resulted in aroid genera being included in many lists of poisonous plants (e.g. , K . F. Lampe and M. A. McCann 1985; G. A. Mulligan and D. B . Munro 1990; K. D. Perkins and W. W. Payne 1978) .
Despite the toxic effects of Araceae, species of several genera are cultivated as food plants, mainly as subsistence crops in tropical areas. The major edible Araceae are Colocasia esculenta and several species of Xanthosoma, grown primarily for their corms and sometimes for their leaves. Most North American species of Araceae were historically used by Native Americans, as both food and medicine (T. Plowman 1969) . The family, is currently more valued for its many ornamental species , and is the most important family in North America for indoor foliage plants (T. B. Croat 1994) . Araceae commonly grown as ornamentals in American homes include species of Aglaonema (Chinese-evergreen), Anthurium, Caladium, Dieffenbachia (dumbcane), Epipremnum (golden pothos), Philodendron, Spathiphyllum, Syngonium, and Zantedeschia (calla-lily) .
Plants of some cultivated species of Araceae escape and may persist or naturalize , especially in warmer climates. One of these species, Colocasia esculenta, is widespread enough to warrant full inclusion in the flora, but other introduced species of Araceae are very local in occurrence. Uncommon species represented by herbarium specimens or literature reports as escaped or persisting from cultivation are listed (table 203.1) with distinguishing characteristics and areas of occurrence.
herbs. Leaves simple
, spirally disposed, petiole
at the base
. Spadix ± cylindrical. Male flowers in clusters
above, surmounted by abortive
males; stamens 2-4. Female flowers at the base separated from the male ones by neuter
flowers. Ovary unilocular
, ovules many, on parietal
placentas. Fruit a many seeded berry.
15-16 species, Europe, Mediterranean region, N. Africa and W. Asia.
Flowers: Bloom Period: January, February. • Flower Color: green
Size: 12-18" tall.
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,441 meters (0 to 17,851 feet).
Culture: Space 6-9" apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7b. (map)
- Chatton, 1925
- Haeckel, 1866
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997, nom. inval.
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Novák ex Takht. (1967)
- Novák ex Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Lilianae () - Takhtajan, 1967 - Monocots
- Subclass: Magnoliidae () - Novák ex Takhtajan, 1967 - Angiosperms
- Class: Spermatopsida () - Novák ex Takht. (1967)
- Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997, nom. inval.
- Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
Arisarum maculatum (L.) Raf. • Arum gracile Unverr. Ex Schott • Arum heldreichii Orph. Ex Boiss. • Arum immaculatum (Rchb.) Rchb. • Arum italicum var. amoenum Engl. • Arum maculatum f. flavescens Melzer Ex Riedl • Arum maculatum f. flavescens Riedl • Arum maculatum f. immaculatum (Mutel) Topa • Arum maculatum f. roseum (Grembl. Ex Engl.) Riedl • Arum maculatum f. scolopendriforme Priszter Ex Horvat • Arum maculatum f. spathulatum Terpó • Arum maculatum f. tetrelii (Corb.) Terpó • Arum maculatum pyrenaeum (Dufour) Nyman • Arum maculatum var. flavescens Melzer Ex Janch. • Arum maculatum var. immaculatum Mutel • Arum maculatum var. immaculatum Rchb. • Arum maculatum var. karpatii Terpó • Arum maculatum var. malyi (Schott) Engl. • Arum maculatum var. pyrenaeum (Dufour) Engl. • Arum maculatum var. roseum Grembl. Ex Engl. • Arum maculatum var. tetrelii Corb. • Arum maculatum var. vulgare (Lam.) Engl. • Arum maculatum var. zelebori (Schott) Beck • Arum malyi Schott • Arum orientale amoenum (Engl.) R. R. Mill • Arum pyrenaeum Dufour • Arum trapezuntinum Schott Ex Engl. • Arum vernale Salisb. • Arum vulgare Lam. • Arum zelebori Schott
Status: Accepted Name
Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003
Members of the genus Arum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 12 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. concinnatum (Lords and Ladies) · A. creticum (Arum Arum Creticum) · A. cylindraceum (Arum Alpinum) · A. dioscoridis (Arum) · A. italicum (Italian Arum) · A. italicum italicum (Italian Lords and Ladies) · A. italicum 'Marmoratum' (Lords And Ladies) · A. macrorrhizum (Giant Taro) · A. maculatum (Adders Tongue) · A. nigrum (Purple Stem Elephant Ears) · A. palaestinum (Black Calla Lily) · A. 'Chameleon' (Lords And Ladies)
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
- A Manual of botany: being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants / Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1875. url , , , , , .
- A contribution to our knowledge of seedlings; by the Right Hon. Sir John Lubbock. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, & co., ltd., 1892. url p. 589.
- A contribution to the flora of Derbyshire being an account of the flowering plants, ferns, and Characeae found in the county / by W.H. Painter. London: George Bell, 1889. url p. 119.
- A country lane: its flora and its fauna. London: Hamilton, [1878?] url p. 9.
- A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees, and shrubs, by William Miller; in two parts, English-Latin and Latin-English. London, J. Murray, 1884. url , p. 111, p. 120, p. 14, p. 5, p. 93.
- A dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns, by J. C. Willis. CambridgeThe University Press, 1919 url p. 191.
- A flora of the English Lake District. London, G. Bell, 1885. url .
- A flora of the north-east of Ireland: including the Phanerogamia, the Cryptogamia vascularia, and the Muscineae / by Samuel Alexander Stewart and Thomas Hughes Corry. [Belfast]: Belfast Naturalists' Field Club; 1888. url p. 147.
- A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical in two parts; tr. from the original by Mrs. Hooker. .. with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders by J.D. Hooker. London, Longmans, 1876. url p. 838.
- A guide to the natural history of the Isle of Wight: a series of contributions by specialists relating to the various branches of natural history and kindred subjects / edited by Frank Morey. Newport, Isle of Wight: The County Press, 1909. url p. 181.
- A handbook of systematic botany / by Dr. E. Warming with a revision of the fungi by Dr. E. Knoblauch, tr. and ed. by M. C. Potter. New York: Macmillan & Co., 1895. url p. 306.
- A handbook of systematic botany; with a revision of the fungi, by E. Knoblauch; tr. and ed. by M.C. Potter. London, Swan url p. 304, p. 306.
- A history of Longridge and district. PrestonPrinted by C.W. Whitehead1888 url p. 262, p. 268.
- A manual of botany, based upon the manual of the late Professor Bentley. London, J. & A. Churchill.1895-96. url p. 208.
- A manual of botany. London, J. & A. Churchill.1895-96. url .
- A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations, Cedar Rapids, Ia., The Torch Press, 1911. url , , , .
- A manual of poisonous plants: chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations / by L. H. Pammel. 1911 Cedar Rapids, Ia.: The Torch Press, 1910-11. url fig. 158, p. 371, p. 909.
- A manual of scientific terms, pronouncing, etymological, and explanatory, chiefly comprising terms in botany, natural history, anatomy, medicine, and veterinary science, with an appendix of specific names. Designed for the use of by Rev. James Stormonth Edinburgh, Maclachlan and Stewart, 1885 url p. 35.
- A monograph of the British Uredineae and Ustilagineae, with an account of their biology including the methods of observing the germination of their spores and of their experimental culture. London, Paul, Trench & Co., 1889. url , , , , , .
- A monograph of the British Uredineæ and Ustilagineæ, with an account of their biology including the methods of observing the germination of their spores and of their experimental culture. By Charles B. Plowright. London, K. Paul, Trench, 1889. url p. 325, p. 331.
- A new British flora: British wild flowers in their natural haunts / described by A. R. Horwood; with sixty-four plates in colour representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illustrations from photographs. London: Gresham, 1919. url p. 235, p. 236, p. 238.
- A new British flora; British wild flowers in their natural haunts, described by A. R. Horwood, with 64 plates in col. representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illus. from photo. London, Gresham Pub. Co., 1919. url , p. 235.
- A new London flora; or, Handbook to the botanical localities of the metropolitan districts. Compiled from the latest authorities, and from personal observations. London, Hardwick and Bogue, 1877. url p. 107, p. 6.
- A second supplement to, and summary of Stewart and Corry's flora of the North-east of Ireland / compiled by Sylvanus Wear, with an introduction by R. Lloyd Praeger. Belfast: Belfast Naturalists' Field Club, 1923. url p. 97.
- A student's text-book of botany / by Sydney H. Vines. London: Macmillan, 1895. url p. 539.
- A student's text-book of botany, by Sydney H. Vines. With 483 illustrations. London, Macmillan & co., 1896. url , .
- A text-book of botany / London; Macmillan, 1898. url , , .
- A text-book of botany, by Dr. Eduard Strasburger. .. Dr. Heinrich Schenck, Ludwig Jost [and] Dr. George Karsten. LondonMacmillan1912 url p. 698.
- A text-book of botany, by Eduard Strasburger. .. Dr. Heinrich Schenck. .. Dr. Fritz Noll. .. [and] Dr. George Karsten. London, Macmillan and co., limited, 1908. url p. 323, p. 536, p. 717.
- A textbook of botany for colleges and universities, by. .. John Merle Coulter. .. Charles Reid Barnes. .. Henry Chandler Cowles. .. New York, American book company[1910-11] url p. 860, p. 860.
- Algae. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1916. url p. 243, p. 456.
- Algæ. Vol. I. Myxophyceæ, Peridinieæ, Bacillarieæ, Chlorophyceæ, together with a brief summary of the occurrence and distribution of freshwat4er Algæ. By G.S. West. Cambridge [Eng.]The University press, 1916. url p. 243, p. 456, p. 456.
- All about country life: being a dictionary of rural avocations, and of knowledge necessary to the management of the farm, the stable, the stockyard, and a gentleman's out of town residence and property. London: Ward, Lock, and Tyler, [189-?] url p. 29.
- An account of the flowering plants, ferns and allies of Harleston. With a sketch of the geology, climate, and natural characteristics of the neighbourhood. Compiled and edited by Francis William Galpin. To which are added Observations on the birds of the district, by Charles Candler. London, Bartlett, 1888. url p. 111.
- An anatomical atlas of vegetable powders. London, Churchill, 1904. url p. 13, p. 20.
- An elementary course of botany: structural, physiological, and systematic / by Arthur Henfrey. London: John Van Voorst, 1878. url p. 28, p. 30, p. 397, p. 501, p. 648.
- An elementary text-book of botany, by Sydney H. Vines. .. London: S. Sonnenschein & co., lim.;1898. url p. 483.
- An illustrated dictionary of scientific terms. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, pref. 1878. url p. 203, p. 342.
- An introduction to the structure and reproduction of plants, by F. E. Fritch and E. J. Salisbury. London, G. Bell and sons ltd., 1920. url p. 112, p. 414, p. 421.
- Annales du Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg. 13 1896 Leiden [etc.]: E. J. Brill [etc.] url p. 174, p. 182, p. 3.
- Annual reports of the Department of Agriculture. .. Washington: G.P.O., [1894?]-1924. url p. 217.
- Archiv for mathematik og naturvidenskab. Oslo [etc.]O. Norlis [etc.] url p. 261, p. 39.
- Botanical notes at Barton & Mildenhall, Suffolk / by Sir Charles J.F. Bunbury; edited by his wife. Mildenhall: Printed by S.R. Simpson, 1889 url p. 231, p. 271.
- Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis, Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott company, 1889. url .
- British flowering plants. By W. F. Kirby. With 120 coloured plates, showing the most important characters of each plant figured; and 119 illustrations in the text. London, Sidney Appleton, 1906. url p. 181, p. 181, p. 186, p. 186, p. 192.
- British fungi. Phycomycetes and Ustilagineae. By George Massee. London, L. Reeve and Co., 1891. url p. 164, p. 225.
- British journal of entomology and natural history. [London]: British Entomological and Natural History Society, 1988- url p. 137, p. 70, p. 73.
- British plants: their biology and ecology / by J. F. Bevis and H. J. Jeffery. London: A. Rivers, 1911. url , , p. 175, p. 175, p. 294, p. 294, p. 300, p. 304, p. 320, p. 320, p. 323, p. 323.
- British plants; their biology and ecology, London, Methuen url , , , .
- Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 132.
- Bulletin from the laboratories of natural history of the State University of Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa: The University, 1888-. url p. 190.
- Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1919 1919 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 79.
- Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 1 1898 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 139, p. 212.
- Burma, its people and productions; or, Notes on the fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu, and Burma. Hertford: S. Austin, 1882-1883. url p. 132.
- C. E. Hobbs Botanical hand-book of common local, English, botanical and pharmacopial names arranged in alphabetical order, of most of the crude vegetable drugs, etc., in common use. Especially designed as a reference book for druggists and apothecaries. Comp. and pub. by Charles E. Hobbs. Boston, Printed by C.C. Roberts, 1876. url p. 125, p. 147.
- C.E. Hobbs' Botanical hand-book: of common local, English, botanical and pharmacopœial names arranged in alphabetical order, of most of the crude vegetable drugs, etc., in common use: their properties, productions and uses in an abb Boston: Printed by C.C. Roberts, 1876. url , , , , , .
- Carotenoids, by Paul Karrer and Ernst Jucker. Translated and rev. by Ernest A. Braude. New York, Elsevier Pub. Co., 1950. url p. 74.
- Carotenoids, their comparative biochemistry. New York, Chemical Pub. Co., 1954. url p. 36.
- Cassell's dictionary of practical gardening; an illustrated encyclopædia of practical horticulture for all classes; ed. by Walter P. Wright. London, Cassell and company, limited, 1902. url p. 34.
- Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 187, p. 517, p. 573, p. 574, p. 803.
- Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 187, p. 517, p. 573, p. 574, p. 604, p. 803.
- Catalogue of the collections in the museum of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain compiled by E.M. Holmes. London, The Society, 1878. url p. 135, p. 153.
- College botany: including organography, vegetable histology, vegetable physiology and vegetable taxonomy: with a brief account of the succession of plants in geologic time, and a glossary of botanical terms / by Edson S. Bastin. Chicago: G.P. Engelhard, 1890, c1889. url p. 94.
- Colour in my garden, by Louise Beebe Wilder. Illustrated in colour, by Anna Winegar. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1918. url p. 353.
- Commercial gardening, a practical & scientific treatise for market gardeners, market growers, fruit, flower & vegetable growers, nurserymen, etc. By many practical specialists under the editorship of John Weathers. London, The Gresham publishing company, 1913. url p. 10.
- Common weeds of the farm & garden / by Harold C. Long in collaboration with John Percival. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1910. url p. 317.
- Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- url p. 37.
- Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 406, p. 41, p. 443, p. 497.
- Cultivated plants, their propagation and improvement. Edinburgh, W. Blackwood & Sons, 1877. url .
- Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United by L. H. Bailey. .. assisted by William Miller. .. and many expert cultivators and botanists. London: The Macmillan company, 1909. url p. 945.
- Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup / revised by J. Lind. Copenhagen: Gyldendalske boghandel, 1913. url p. 271.
- Darwinism: an exposition of the theory of natural selection, with some of its applications / by Alfred Russel Wallace. London; Macmillan, 1891. url p. 310.
- Darwinism; an exposition of the theory of natural selection, with some of its applications, by Alfred Russel Wallace. London and New York, Macmillan and co., 1889. url p. 310.
- Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 34, p. 365.
- Dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice by Robert Hunt, assisted by F.W. Rudler. London, Longmans, 1875-78. url p. 213, p. 362.
- Dictionary of biological equivalents, German-English, by Ernst Artschwager. .. Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins company, 1930. url p. 23.
- Diseases of cultivated plants and trees / by George Massee. New York: Macmillan, [1910?] url p. 594, p. 89.
- Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites: introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae / London; Longmans, Green & co., 1897. url , , .
- Elementary botany / London: G. Bell, 1898. url , .
- Elementary botany Toronto: Copp, Clark, [1899?] url , .
- Enzyme and metabolic inhibitors. New York, Academic Press, 1963- url p. 1136, p. 1149, p. 956.
- Epping Forest / by Edward North Buxton. London: E. Stanford, 1885. url p. 126.
- Essex naturalist: being the journal of the Essex Field Club. Buckhurst Hill, Essex, The Club. url p. 141.
- Everyday objects; or, Picturesque aspects of natural history. .. London, W.P. Nimmo, 1876. url p. 164, p. 165.
- Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. url p. 431, p. 827.
- Familiar wild flowers figured and described by F. Edward Hulme. .. 1st- ser.. .. London, Cassell and company, limited, [1878- url , , , p. 31.
- Fauna, flora & geology of the Clyde area, ed. by G.F. Scott Elliot, Malcolm Laurie and J. Barclay Murdoch. Glasgow, Pub. by the local committee for the meeting of the British Association, 1901. url p. 127.
- Field and woodland plants / by W. S. Furneaux. London; Longmans, Green, and Co., 1909 url p. 106.
- Field and woodland plants, by W.S. Furneaux. With 8 plates in colour, and numerous illustrations by Patten Wilson, and photographs from nature by the author. London, Longmans, Green, 1911. url p. 106.
- Flora of County Kerry: including the flowering plants, ferns, Characeae, &c. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, 1916. url , .
- Flora of Derbyshire: flowering plants, higher cryptogams, mosses and hepatics, Characeae. London, Bemrose & Sons Ltd., 1903. url .
- Flora of Guernsey and the lesser Channel Islands: namely, Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou, and the adjacent islets. London, Dulau, 1901. url p. 184, p. 437, p. 469.
- Flora of Sussex; or a list of the flowering plants & ferns found in the county of Sussex, with localities of the less common species. London, Simpkin [et al.]1907. url p. 104.
- Flora of the Bristol coal-field. Edited (for the Bristol Naturalists' Society) by James Walter White. .. Bristol, J. Fawn & Son [etc.]1881- url p. 207.
- Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url , p. 383.
- Flora of the island of St. Croix. By Charles Frederick Millspaugh. 1 1902 Chicago, 1902. url p. 478.
- Flowering plants of the Riviera: a sescriptive account of 1800 of the more interesting species / by H. Stuart Thompson; with an introduction on Riviera vegetation by A. G. Tansley London; New York: Longmans, Green, 1914. url p. 197, p. xxiii.
- Flowers and their pedigrees / by Grant Allen. New York: D. Appleton, 1884. url p. 259.
- Flowers and their pedigrees by Grant Allen. New York: D. Appleton, 1884. url .
- Flowers and their pedigrees. By Grant Allen. New York, Appleton, 1884. url p. 259.
- Flowers and their pedigrees. New York, D. Appleton and company, 1884. url .
- Flowers of the field. London, G. Routledge, 1908. url .
- Forestry. London: W. Rider, [1883-1886]. url p. 358.
- Freaks and marvels of plant life; or, Curiosities of vegetation. London, Soc. for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1882. url p. 461.
- From a Middlesex garden; a book of garden thoughts, by Alfred H. Hyatt; prefatory note by the Hon. Mrs. Boyle (E. V. B.) with three drawings by Mary Tourtel, & other illustrations. London, P. Wellby, 1901. url p. 110, p. 67.
- Fungoid pests of cultivated plants, by M. C. Cooke. London: Printed by Spottiswoode, 1906. url p. 258, p. 78.
- Fungoid pests of cultivated plants. London, Printed by Spottiswoode, 1906. url , p. 78.
- Gaelic names of plants (Scottish and Irish) Collected and arranged in scientific order, with notes on their etymology, their uses, plant superstitions, etc., among the Celts, with copious Gaelic, Eng EdinburghBlackwood1883 url p. 82.
- Gardening for beginners; a handbook to the garden, by E.T. Cook. [London]"Country Life" [etc., 1914] url .
- Gray's Botanical text-book New York, Ivison, 1879-1885. url p. 370.
- Gray's Botanical text-book. New York: American Book Company, c1879. url p. 370.
- Growth, by William Jacob Robbins, Samuel Brody, Albert Garland Hogan, Clarence Martin Jackson, Charles Wilson Greene. New Haven, Yale university press;1928. url p. 5.
- Guide to the Economic Museum of the New York Botanical Garden. New York, 1921. url p. 212.
- Half-hours in the green lanes: a book for a country stroll / by J. E. Taylor. London: W. H. Allen & Company, 1898. url p. 226, p. 255.
- Hampstead Hill: its structure, materials and sculpturing / by J. Logan Lobley; with The flora of Hampstead, by Henry T. Wharton; The insect fauna of Hampstead, by F. A. Walker; and The birds of Hampstead, by J. Edmund Haring. London: Roper and Drowley, 1889. url p. 79.
- Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 135.
- Handbook of flower pollination based upon Hermann Müller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects'; tr. by J.R. Ainsworth Davis. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1906. url p. 102, p. 130, p. 234, p. 488, p. 489, p. 495, p. 567, p. 91.
- Handbook of flower pollination: based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' / Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-09. url , , , , , , .
- Handbook of plants. New York: P. Henderson, 1881. url p. 279.
- Henderson's Handbook of plants and general horticulture / By Peter Henderson. New York, P. Henderson & Co., 1910. url p. 110, p. 233, p. 389, p. 487.
- Herbals, their origin and evolutiion; a chapter in the history of botany, 1470-1670. CambridgeUniversity Press1912 url p. 179.
- Herbals, their origin and evolution, a chapter in the history of botany, 1470-1670, Cambridge, University press, 1912. url , .
- History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, instituted September 22, 1831 [Vol. 1 of proceedings, corr. and reprinted] Alnwick, H.H. Blair, 1885. url p. 133, p. 61.
- How to find and name wild flowers; being a new method of observing and identifying upwards of 1, 200 species of flowering plants in the British isles; with an introduction by F.E. hulme. .. illustrated by the author, and with four autochrome plates by H. Essenhigh Corke. .. London, Cassell[1906-1930] url p. 256.
- Humboldt; Monatsschrift für die gesamten Naturwissenschaften. Stuttgart, F. Enke, 1882-90. url p. 202, p. 473.
- Illustrations of the British flora: a series of wood engravings, with dissections, of British plants. London, L. Reeve, 1919. url .
- Index of British plants according to the London catalogue... London: G. Bell, 1889. url p. 89, p. 97.
- Insects: their life-histories and habits / by Harold Bastin. London: T.C. & E.C. Jack, 1913. url , p. 11.
- International catalogue of scientific literature. London: Published for the International Council by the Royal Society of London, 1902-1919. url p. 114, p. 132, p. 136, p. 176, p. 381, p. 387, p. 477, p. 606, p. 825.
- Introduction to botany, by Joseph Y. Bergen...and Otis W. Caldwell... Boston, Ginn and company, [c1914] url p. 147.
- Introduction to botany. Boston, Ginn url p. 147.
- Irish ethno-botany and the evolution of medicine in Ireland. Dublin, M. H. Gill, 1919. url , p. 90.
- Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft. Jena, Gustav Fischer [etc.]. url p. 533, p. 549, p. 552, p. 559, p. 565, p. 596, p. 643, p. 660, p. 664, p. 684.
- Johnson's Gardeners' dictionary and cultural instructor. London, A. T. De La Mare printing and publishing co., ltd. url , p. 307.
- Journal and proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 9 1913 Calcutta, Asiatic Society of Bengal. url , p. 313, p. 315.
- Journal of a tour in Marocco and the Great Atlas, London, Macmillan and co., 1878. url p. 342.
- Journal of conchology. London: D. Bogue. url p. 196.
- Journal of forestry. Washington: Society of American Foresters, 1917- url p. 56.
- Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 1933 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 277, p. 300.
- Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. url , , , p. 1004, p. 263, p. 284, p. 835, p. 87, p. 983.
- Kostychev's Plant respiration; authorized edition in English with editorial notes, by Dr. S. Kostychev. .. translated and edited by Charles J. Lyon. .. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son and co.[c1927] url .
- Lawns and gardens. How to plant and beautify the home lot, the pleasure ground and garden, by N. Jönsson-Rose. With numerous plans and illustrations by the author. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1897. url p. 359.
- Lectures on the physiology of plants / by Sydney Howard Vines. . Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: The University Press, 1886 url p. 305, p. 308, p. 309.
- Life and letters of Alexander Goodman More, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., M.R.I.A., with selections from his zoological and botanical writings; ed. by C.B. Moffat, B.A., with a preface by Frances M. More. Dublin, Hodges, Figgis & co. (ltd.)1898. url p. 40, p. 504, p. 526, p. 626.
- Life histories of familiar plants / by John J. Ward. London; Cassell, 1908. url p. 10.
- Meehan's monthly: a magazine of horticulture, botany, and kindred subjects. Phila., PA: T. Meehan & Sons, 1891-1902. url .
- Meehans' monthly: a magazine of horticulture, botany and kindred subjects / conducted by Thomas Meehan. Philadelphia: Thomas Meehan & Sons, 1891-1902. url p. 26, p. 49.
- Memoirs / Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Garden, 1918-1936. url p. 34.
- Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 10 1902 Durham, N.C.: Published for the Club by the Seeman Printery, 1889- url p. 275.
- Memorials, journal and botanical correspondence of Charles Cardale Babington. Cambridge, [Eng.]: Macmillan and Bowes, 1897. url p. 345.
- Memories of the months. Fifth series, by the Right Hon. Sir Herbert Maxwell, bart. London: E. Arnold, 1909. url p. 261.
- Midland naturalist. London: Hardwicke and Bogue, 1878- url p. 117, p. 143, p. 147, p. 172, p. 178, p. 93.
- Monograph of the land & freshwater Mollusca of the British Isles. Leeds, Taylor Brothers, 1894-1914. url .
- My Devon year / by Eden Phillpotts -- London: Robert Scott, 1916. url p. 28.
- My Devon year / by Eden Phillpotts. .. New York: Macmillan, 1903. url p. 28.
- My Devon year, by Eden Phillpotts. .. London: Methuen & Co., 1904. url p. 28.
- Mycotrophy in plants; lectures on the biology of mycorrhizae and related structures. Waltham, Mass., Chronica Botanica Co., 1950. url p. 125.
- Naturalist on the River Amazons: a record of adventures, habits of animals, sketches of Brazilian and Indian life, and aspects of nature under the equator, during eleven years of travel / by Henry Walter Bates. London: J. Murray, 1875. url p. 107.
- Nature's garden: With many color illustrations. Garden City, N. Y., : Garden City Pub. Co., [c1900] url .
- Nature's garden: an aid to knowledge of our wild flowers and their insect visitors... / text by Neltje Blanchan. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, c1900. url p. 156.
- Nature's garden; an aid to knowledge of our wild flowers and their insect visitors. With colored plates and many other illus. photographed directly from nature by Henry Troth and A. R. Dugmore. Text by Neltje Blanchan [pseud.] 1922 Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1922. url p. 156.
- Nicholson, G. The illustrated dictionary of gardening: a practical and scientific encyclopædia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists /edited by George Nicholson; assisted by J.W.H. Trail. .. and J. Garrett. .. 4 1884 London: L.U. Gill, -88. url p. 298.
- Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. 2 1902 Edinburgh: H. M. Stationery Off. url p. 104, p. 123, p. 126, p. 129, p. 130, p. 160, p. 176, p. 194, p. 195, p. 217, p. 218, p. 221, p. 24, p. 250, p. 253, p. 254, p. 26, p. 301, p. 315, p. 316, p. 32, p. 327, p. 334, p. 357, p. 390, p. 408, p. 470, p. 63, p. 78, p. 79, p. 81.
- Notes on the life history of British flowering plants, London, Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1905. url .
- Observations of a naturalist in the Pacific between 1896 and 1899 / by H.B. Guppy. London: Macmillan and Co., 1903-1906. url p. 608.
- Oecology of plants: an introduction to the study of plant-communities / by Eug. Warming; assisted by Martin Vahl; prepared for publication in English by Percy Groom and Isaac Bayley Balfour. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1909. url p. 333, p. 9.
- Oecology of plants; an introduction to the study of plant-communities, by Eug. Warming, assisted by Martin Vahl. Prepared for publication in English by Percy Groom and Isaac Bayley Balfour. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1909. url p. 333, p. 9.
- On the fauna and flora of the west of Scotland. Meeting at Glasgow, September, 1876. Glasgow, Blackie, 1876 url p. 75.
- Organography of plants, especially of the archegoniatae and spermaphyta, ed. by Isaac Bayley Balfour. Oxford, Clar. Press, 1900-5. url , p. 270, p. 274.
- Our insect friends and foes / by F. Martin Duncan; with 54 illustrations from original photographs by the author. London: Methuen, 1911. url p. 294.
- Outlines of classification and special morphology of plants, by K. Goebel. A new ed. of Sachs' Text-book of botany, book II, authorized English translation by Henry E. F. Garnsey; rev. by Isaac Bayley Balfour. With 407 woodcuts. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1887. url p. 390, p. 493, p. 493.
- Palladin's Plant physiology. Authorized ed. in English, based on the German translation of the 6th Russian ed. and on the 7th Russian ed. (1914) of the Text-book of plant physiology. By Vladimir I. Palladin. With additions and Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son, [c1926] url p. 252.
- Permanent and temporary pastures, London, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent, 1911. url .
- Pflanzenphysiologie; Versuche und Beobachtungen an böheren und niederen Pflanzen einschliesslich Bakteriologie und Hydrobiologie mit Planktonkunde, von R. Kolkwitz. Zwiete, umgearbeitete Auflage. .. Jena, G. Fischer, 1922. url p. 290.
- Physiological botany; I. Outlines of the histology of phaenogamous plants; II. Vegetable physiology. New York: Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, [c1885] url p. 370.
- Physiological plant anatomy, tr. by Montagu Drummond. London, MacMillan, 1914. url p. 602.
- Plant life in Alpine Switzerland; being an account in simple language of the natural history of Alpine plants, London, J. Murray, 1910. url , .
- Plant lore, legends, and lyrics. Embracing the myths, traditions, superstitions, and folk-lore of the plant kingdom. By Richard Folkard, jun. London, S. Low, Marston, Searle, and Rivington, 1884. url p. 149, p. 300.
- Plant names, scientific and popular, including in the case of each plant the correct botanical name in accordance with the reformed nomenclature, together with botanical and popular synonyms. .. Comp. from the most authentic sources by A. B. Lyons. Detroit, Nelson, Baker & Co., 1900. url p. 45.
- Plant physiology, Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co.[c1918] url .
- Plant physiology, by Vladimir I. Palladin. Authorized English ed. based on the German translation of the 6th Russian ed. and on the 7th Russian ed. (1914) Edited by Burton Edward Livingston. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co.[c1923] url p. 250, p. 250.
- Plant sociology; the study of plant communities; authorized English translation of Pflanzensoziologie, by Dr. J. Braun-Blanquet. Translated, revised and edited by George D. Fuller and Henry S. Conard. New York and London, McGraw-Hill book company, inc., 1932. url p. 409, p. 91.
- Plant world; its past, present & future; an introd. to the study of botany. London, Whittaker, 1891. url , , , p. 115, p. 181, p. 207.
- Plant-life, by Charles A. Hall, with 74 full-page illus., 24 being from photos. by the author and 50 in colour from drawings by C. F. Newall. London, A. & C. Black, 1915. url , , , .
- Plant-life, by Charles A. Hall. .. with 74 full-page illustrations, 24 being from photographs by the author and 50 in colour from drawings by C. F. Newall. London: A. & C. Black, ltd., 1915. url , , p. 196, p. 366.
- Plant-life, ill. by the author and C.F. Newall. London, Black, 1915. url p. 366, p. 9.
- Plant-life, with 74 full-page illus., 24 being from photos, by the author and 50 in colour from drawings London, A. & C. Black, 1915. url , , , .
- Plant-life; popular papers on the phenomena of botany, London, M. Japp & company, 1881. url p. x.
- Plants poisonous to live stock / Cambridge: University Press, 1917. url , .
- Plants poisonous to live stock, by Harold C. Long. .. Cambridge: University press, 1917. url p. 105, p. 76.
- Plants poisonous to live stock. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1917. url , , p. 76.
- Plants, their natural growth and ornamental treatment, Belfast, Marcus Ward & Co., 1874. url .
- Poisonous plants in field and garden / by G. Henslow. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1901. url p. 116, p. 165, p. 29.
- Poisonous plants of all countries, by A. Bernhard-Smith. London, Baillière, Tindall & Cox, 1923. url p. 56.
- Poisonous plants of all countries. With the active, chemical principles which they contain; and the toxic symptoms produced by each group. Bristol [Eng.]J. Wright, 1905. url .
- Popular botany; the living plant from seed to fruit, by A.E. Knight and Edward Step. .. New York: H. Holt and company,  url p. 254, p. 254, p. 313, p. 313, p. 316, p. 394, p. 42, p. 42, p. 425, p. 425, p. 45, p. 45.
- Popular gardening and fruit growing; An illustrated periodical devoted to horticulture in all its branches. Buffalo, New York;Popular gardening publishing company. url p. 197.
- Popular names of flowers, fruits, &c., as used in the county of Somerset and the adjacent parts of Devon, Dorset and Wilts. Yeovil, Western Gazette, 1922. url p. 11, p. 110, p. 117, p. 14, p. 165, p. 212, p. 220, p. 223, p. 225, p. 232, p. 251, p. 255, p. 267, p. 279, p. 283, p. 288, p. 29, p. 4, p. 41, p. 47, p. 67, p. 7, p. 8, p. 86, p. 87, p. 99.
- Potter's cyclopaedia of botanical drugs and preparations / by R.C. Wren. London: Potter & Clarke,  url p. 89.
- Potter's cyclopedia of botanical drugs and preparations / by R. C. Wren. London: Potter & Clarke, [1900-1950?]. url p. 52, p. ix.
- Practical physiology of plants, Cambridge, University press, 1901 url p. 107.
- Practical physiology of plants, by Francis Darwin. .. and the late E. Hamilton Acton. Cambridge, University press, 1901. url p. 107.
- Practical plant biochemistry, by Muriel Wheldale Onslow. .. Cambridge, University press, 1920. url p. 168.
- Practical plant biochemistry. CambridgeUniversity Press1923 url p. 161, p. 162, p. 184.
- Practical plant physiology: an introduction to original research for students and teachers of natural science, medicine, agriculture and forestry / by W. Detmer; translated from the 2nd German edition by S.A. Moor. London: Macmillan, 1898. url p. 289, p. 290, p. 345.
- Proceedings - Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. Dorchester, Eng. url p. 49.
- Proceedings and transactions of the South London Entomological & Natural History Society. London: The Society. url p. 24, p. 54, p. 67, p. 74.
- Proceedings of the South London Entomological & Natural History Society. London [Eng]: South London Entomological and Natural history Society, [1897-1933] url p. 111, p. 41, p. 46, p. 8, p. 84.
- Proceedings of the section of sciences / Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam. Amsterdam: Johannes Müller, [1899-1937]. url p. 374.
- Quarterly journal of microscopical science. Oxford, [etc.]Clarendon Press [etc.] url p. 248.
- Rambles of a naturalist round Folkestone: with occasional papers on the fauna and flora of the district, to which are added lists of plants, lepidoptera, birds, and land and freshwater shells / by Henry Ullyett. Folkestone: J. English, 1880. url p. 136.
- Records of the Australian Museum. Sydney: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1890- url p. 152.
- Report upon the fauna of Liverpool Bay and the neighboring seas, written by members of the Liverpool Marine Biology Committee, and edited by W.A. Herdman. London, Longmans, Green, 1886-1900. url p. 44.
- Researches on Fungi. .. by A. H. Reginald Buller. .. London, New York [etc.]Longmans, Green and co., 1909- url p. 110.
- Round the year in the garden; a descriptive guide to the flowers of the four seasons, and to the work of each month in the flower, friut and kitchen garden, by H. H. Thomas. .. Beautifully illustrated with twelve direct colour photographs by H. Essenhigh Corke, and sixty-four half-tone plates. New York, Funk and Wagnalls company url p. 6.
- Rust, smut, mildew & mould. An introduction to the study of microscopic fungi. London, W. H. Allen, 1902. url .
- Rust, smut, mildew & mould; an introduction to the study of microscopic fungi / by M.C. Cooke; illustrated with 269 coloured figures by J.E. Sowerby. 1898 London: W.H. Allen, 1898. url p. 199, p. 227.
- Science and scientists / by the Rev. John Gerard. London: Catholic truth society, 1906. url .
- Science and scientists: some papers on natural history / by Rev. John Gerard, S. J. London: C.T.S., 1899. url p. 6.
- Science-gossip. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn, -1902. url p. 154, p. 184, p. 228, p. 26, p. 273, p. 62, p. 80.
- Science. New York, N.Y.: [s.n.]1880- url p. 202, p. 244, p. 253, p. 471.
- Scientific side-lights, illustrating thousands of topics by selections from standard works of the masters of science throughout the world. .. comp. by James C. Fernald. and London, Funk & Wagnalls company, 1903  url p. 732.
- Some recent researches in plant physiology. By W. R. G. Atkins. London, Whittaker & co., 1916. url p. 100.
- Species and varieties, their origin by mutation; lectures delivered at the University of California Chicago, The Open Court Publishing Company; [etc., etc.]1906. url .
- Species and varieties: their origin by mutation / lectures delivered at the University of California by Hugo DeVries; edited by Daniel Trembly MacDougal. Chicago: The Open Court; 1906, c1904. url p. 125, p. 828.
- Species and varieties; their origin by mutation. Lectures delivered at the University of California by Hugo De Vries. Edited by Daniel Trembly MacDougal. Chicago, K. Paul, Trench, Truber, 1906 [c1904] url p. 125.
- Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 20, p. 21, p. 272.
- Strasburger's Text-book of botany. Rewritten by Dr. Hans Fitting. .. Dr. Ludwig Jost. .. Dr. Heinrich Schenck. .. Dr. George Karsten. London, Macmillan, 1921. url p. 327, p. 741, p. 743, p. 775.
- Students' handbook to accompany Plants and their uses / by Frederick Leroy Sargent. New York: Henry Holt, 1914. url .
- Studies in natural history. Iowa City, Ia. url p. 190.
- Studies in seeds and fruits, an investigation with the balance, London, Williams and Norgate, 1912. url , , , , , , , , , .
- Studies of plant life in Canada, or, Gleanings from forest, lake and plain by C.P. Traill; illustrated withe chromo-lithographs from drawings by Mrs. Chamberlin. Ottawa: A.S. Woodburn, 1885. url .
- Studies of plant life in Canada. Wild flowers, flowering shrubs, and grasses. Toronto: William Briggs, 1906. url , .
- Studies of plant life in Canada: wild flowers, flowering sshrubs, and grasses / by Mrs C.P. Traill; illustrated with 8 reproductions in natural colors and 12 half-tone engravings, from drawings by Mrs. Agnes D. Chamberlin. Toronto: W. Briggs, 1906. url , .
- Studies of plant life in Canada; or, Gleanings from forest, lake and plain. By Mrs. C.P. Traill... Illustrated with chromo-lithographs from drawings by Mrs. [Agnes D.] Chamberlin... Ottawa, A.S. Woodburn, 1885. url , p. 275.
- Sub-alpine plants: or, Flowers of the Swiss woods and meadows / by H. Stuart Thompson; with 33 coloured plates (168 figures) by George Flemwell. London: Dutton, 1912. url p. 43.
- Sub-alpine plants: or, flowers of the Swiss woods and meadows / [London]: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1912. url .
- Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (TL2) Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, 1976-1988. url p. 540.
- Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Oxford, Clarendon press, 1882. url p. 583.
- Text-book of botany: morphological and physiological / by Julius Sachs; edited with an appendix, by Sydney H. Vines Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1883. url p. 583.
- Textbook of theoretical botany, by R. C. McLean and W. R. Ivimey-Cook. London, Longmans, Green[1951- url p. 1282, p. 1338, p. 1707, p. 2180.
- The American florist: a weekly journal for the trade. Chicago: American Florist Company, [1885-1931] url p. 385.
- The Annals of Scottish natural history. Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1892-1911. url p. 102, p. 170, p. 231, p. 38, p. 48.
- The British nature book; a complete handbook and guide to British nature study, embracing the mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects, plants, etc., in the United Kingdom, by S.N. Sedgwick. .. Edinburgh, T.C. & E.C. Jack, Ltd., 1922. url p. 451.
- The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification, Cambridge, University Press, 1913. url , , .
- The Canadian horticulturist [monthly] St. Catharines, E.S. Leavenworth. url p. 20.
- The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url p. 124, p. 223.
- The Entomologist. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., [1877- url p. 207.
- The Gaelic names of plants (Scottish, Irish, and Manx), collected and arranged in scientific order, with notes on their etymology, uses, plant superstitions, etc., among the Celts, with copious Gaeli Glasgow, J. Mackay, 1900. url .
- The Gardener's monthly and horticulturist. Philadelphia, Pa.: Charles H. Marot, 1876-1888. url p. 136.
- The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url , p. 10, p. 137, p. 14, p. 17, p. 175, p. 188, p. 198, p. 224, p. 306, p. 335, p. 349, p. 375, p. 391, p. 417, p. 427, p. 428, p. 428, p. 478, p. 523, p. 524, p. 533, p. 554, p. 562, p. 574, p. 606, p. 666, p. 666, p. 68, p. 763, p. 81, p. 825.
- The Glasgow naturalist. Glasgow, Andersonian Naturalists of Glasgow. url p. 105, p. 120, p. 123, p. 132, p. 142, p. 205.
- The Irish naturalist. Dublin: Eason & Son, Ltd., 1892- url , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , p. 104, p. 108, p. 137, p. 145, p. 146, p. 151, p. 157, p. 166, p. 177, p. 203, p. 210, p. 211, p. 213, p. 214, p. 216, p. 219, p. 39, p. 78, p. 98.
- The Journal of microscopy and natural science. [London: W. P. Collins, 1884- url p. 378.
- The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Bombay: The Society, url p. 316, p. 53, p. 54, p. 55.
- The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 39.
- The New Forest: its history and its scenery / by John R. Wise; with 63 illustrations by Walter Crane; engraved by W.J. Linton. London: Gibbings, 1895. url p. 304.
- The New Forest; its history and its scenery. By John R. Wise. With 63 illustrations, drawn by Walter Crane, engraved by W.J. Linton, and two maps. London: Gibbings & co., 1895. url p. 304.
- The Plant world. Baltimore [etc.]Plant World Association [etc.] url p. 338.
- The Scientific proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society. Dublin: The Society, 1877- url p. 142.
- The Scientific transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. Dublin: The Society, 1877- url p. 541.
- The Shakespeare garden, New YorkThe Century co.1922 url p. 214.
- The Shakespeare garden, by Esther Singleton, with numerous illustrations from photographs and reproductions of old wood cuts. New York, Century, 1922. url p. 214.
- The Victoria history of the county of Warwick. London: Published for the University of London Institute of Historical Research by Dawsons of Pall Mall, 1965- url p. 49.
- The aims and methods of nature study: a guide for teachers / by John Rennie; with an introduction by J. Arthur Thomson. Baltimore, Md.: Warwick & York,  url p. 200.
- The anthocyanin pigments of plants. By Muriel Wheldale. Cambridge, University Press, 1916. url p. 135, p. 156, p. 161, p. 188, p. 19, p. 236, p. 237, p. 295, p. 36.
- The biology of flowering plants, by Macgregor Skene. .. New York, The Macmillan Company, 1924. url p. 359, p. 452.
- The book of nature study, ed. by J. Bretland Farmer. .. assisted by a staff of specialists. Fully illustrated. London, Caxton publishing company[1908?]-1909. url p. 78.
- The bulb book; or, Bulbous and tuberous plants for the open air, stove, and greenhouse, containing particulars as to descriptions, culture, propagation, etc.. .. by John Weathers. London, J. Murray, 1911. url p. 91, p. 92.
- The chemical synthesis of vital products and the interrelations between organic compounds / By Raphael Meldola. London: E. Arnold, 1904. url p. 262.
- The country month by month, by J.A. Owen. .. and Professor G.S. Boulger. .. Cover design by J. Lockwood Kipling. London: Bliss, Sands and Foster, 1894. url p. 61.
- The differentiation and specificity of starches in relation to genera, species, etc.; stereochemistry applied to protoplasmic processes and products, and as a strictly scientific basis for the classification of plants and animals Washington, D.C.Carnegie institution of Washington1913 url p. 175, p. 66, p. 814.
- The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. LondonJ. Murray1916 url p. 420, p. 475.
- The elements of botany. Cambridge, University Press, 1910. url p. 212.
- The evolution theory, London, E. Arnold, 1904. url .
- The fertilisation of flowers. Translated and edited by D'Arcy W. Thompson, with a preface by Charles Darwin. LondonMacmillan1883 url p. 44, p. 563, p. 584, p. 656.
- The flora of Berkshire; being a topographical and historical account of the flowering plants and ferns found in the county, with short biographical notices of the botanists who have contributed to Berkshire botany during the Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1897. url p. 146.
- The flora of Dumfriesshire, including part of the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright, by G.F. Scott-Elliot. Assisted by J. M'Andrew [and others] DumfriesJ. Maxwell, 1896. url p. 161.
- The flora of Dumfriesshire: including part of the stewartry of Kirkcudbright / by G.F. Scott-Elliot; assisted by J. M'Andrew. .. [et al.] Dumfries: J. Maxwell, 1896. url p. 161.
- The flora of Harrow: by J. Cosmo Melvill. Harrow, Green and Co.;1876. url p. 106.
- The flora of Suffolk a topographical enumeration of the plants of the county, showing the results of former observations and of the most recent researches / by W.M. Hind; assisted by Churchill Babington; with an introductory chapter of the geology, climate and meteorology of Suffolk by Wheelton Hind. London: Gurney and Jackson, 1889. url .
- The flora of the American Virgin Islands / N.L. Britton. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1918. url p. 34.
- The flora of the parish of Halifax, by William B. Crump, & Charles Crossland. [Halifax]Halifax Scientific Society, 1904. url p. 112, p. 27, p. 35.
- The flower and the bee; plant life and pollination, LondonConstable1919 url p. 164.
- The fungus flora of Yorkshire. A complete account of the known fungi of the county. By G. Massee and C. Crossland. London, A. Brown, 1905. url p. 193.
- The history of Glanville's Wootton, in the County of dorset, including its zoology and botany / by C.W. Dale. London, Hatchards, 1878. url p. 365.
- The micrographic dictionary; a guide to the examination and investigation of the structure and nature of microscopic objects, by J. W. Griffith and Arthur Henfrey. London, J. Van Voorst, 1883. url , , p. 73.
- The mollusca of Somerset; land, freshwater, estuarine and marine, by E.W. Swanton. Taunton, Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural History Society, 1912 [i.e. 1911-12] url p. 21.
- The mysteries of the flowers / by Herbert Waldron Faulkner. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1917. url p. 19.
- The mysteries of the flowers, New York: Frederick A. Stokes company, [c1917] url p. 19, p. 233.
- The names of herbes, A.D. 1548. Edited, with an introd., an index of English names, and an indentification of the plants enumerated by Turner, LondonPublished for the English Dialect Society by N. Trübner1881 url p. 126.
- The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution; Dublin, Blackie & son, limited, 1902. url , .
- The natural history of plants; their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution. From the German of Anton Kerner von Marilaun, by F.W. Oliver, with the assistance of Marian Busk and Mary F. Ewart. with about 2000 original woodcut illustrations and sixteen plates in colours. London, Blackie, 1896-1897. url , p. 930, p. 949.
- The naturalist on the River Amazons. London, Dent; url p. 111.
- The naturalist on the river Amazons. A record of adventures, habits of animals, sketches of Brazilian and Indian life, and aspects of nature under the Equator, during eleven years of travel. With a memoir of the author, by Edward Clodd. London, J. Murray, 1892. url p. 103.
- The naturalist's diary: a day-book of meteorology, phenology and rural biology. With a chart showing the blossoming of spring flowers in Europe, and an introduction of natural periodic phenomena, etc. 188-. London, Sonnenschein, Le Bas and Lowrey[pref. 1886] url .
- The nature-study of plants in theory and practice for the hobby-botanist, by Thomas Alfred Dymes, with an introduction by F.E. Weiss. London, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge;1920. url .
- The outline of science: a plain story simply told / edited by J. Arthur Thomson. New York: G. P. Putnam's sons, 1922. url , p. 657.
- The physiology of plants. a treatise upon the metabolism and sources of energy in plants, ed. by A.J. Ewart. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1900-6. url p. 14, p. 197, p. 274, p. 372, p. 376, p. 424.
- The physiology of plants; a treatise upon the metabolism and sources of energy in plants, Oxford, Clarendon press, 1900-06. url p. 14.
- The romance of plant life, interesting descriptions of the strange and curious in the plant world, by G. F. Scott Elliot. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott, 1907. url p. 95.
- The shell-collector's handbook for the field. London, Roper & Drowley, 1888. url p. 115.
- The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 1029, p. 1467, p. 17, p. 3496.
- The story of plant life in the British Isles; types of the common natural orders, by A.R. Horwood. London, J. & A. Churchill, 1914-15. url , p. 356, p. 361.
- The subtropical garden, or, Beauty of form in the flower garden / by W. Robinson London: J. Murray, 1879 url p. 65.
- The survival of the unlike; a collection of evolution essays suggested by the study of domestic plants. New YorkMacmillan1906 url p. 52.
- The transactions of the Yorkshire Naturalists' Union. Leeds [etc.] url , , p. 193, p. 387.
- The wild-flowers of Selborne and other papers by John Vaughan. London, J. Lane, 1906. url p. 38, p. 38.
- Topographical botany: being local and personal records towards shewing the distribution of British plants traced through the 112 counties and vice-counties of England, Wales, and Scotland. By Hewett Cottrell Watson. London, B. Quaritch, 1883. url p. 427.
- Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 149, p. 253, p. 280, p. 3, p. 4, p. 87.
- Transactions and proceedings of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. [Edinburgh]: The Society, 1891-1970. url p. 244, p. 246, p. 27, p. 271, p. 271, p. 303, p. 303, p. 85.
- Transactions of the British Mycological Society. London: Cambridge University Press, [1897-c1988] url p. 335, p. 387, p. 85.
- Transactions of the Canadian Institute. Toronto: Canadian Institute. url p. 90.
- Transactions of the Edinburgh Field Naturalists' and Microscopical Society. [Edinburgh]: The Club, 1891- url p. 173, p. 174, p. 265, p. 269.
- Transactions of the Essex Field Club. Buckhurst Hill, Essex: The Club, 1880-1886. url .
- Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club. London: Gurney & Jackson, 1879- url p. 57, p. 59, p. 67.
- Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2nd series: Botany 5 1896 London. url p. 208.
- Transactions of the Watford Natural History Society and Hertfordshire Field Club. London: Hardwicke and Bogue, 1875-1880. url p. 87.
- Types of British vegetation, Cambridge, University Press, 1911. url .
- Vegetation of the Peak District / C. E. Moss. Cambridge: University Press, 1913. url p. 55, p. 72, p. 76, p. 85.
- Vegetation of the Peak District. Cambridge, University Press, 1913. url p. 55, p. 63, p. 72, p. 76, p. 88, p. 94.
- Veröffentlichungen der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. 12 1968 München: Die Staatssammlung, url p. 99.
- Veterinary toxicology. Chicago, A. Eger, 1912. url .
- Wayside and woodland blossoms: a pocket guide to British wild-flowers for the country rambler / by Edward Step. London; F. Warne, 1895. url , p. 15.
- Wayside and woodland blossoms; a pocket guide to British wild flowers for the country rambler. London, Warne, 1895. url , p. 15.
- Wild flowers. London, Dodge url p. 86.
- Wild fruits of the country-side, figured and described by F. Edward Hulme. London: Hutchinson, 1902. url p. 251, p. 96.
- Wonders of plant life. London, Cassell, 1912. url p. 157.
- Woodland creatures; being some wild life studies, by Frances Pitt. London, G. Allen & Unwin ltd. url p. 31.
- Works; collected and edited by James Spedding, Robert Leslie Ellis and Douglas Denon Heath. London, Longmans, 1875. url p. 237.
- Bown, D. 1988. Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family. Portland.
- Grayum, M. H. 1990. Evolution and phylogeny of the Araceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 628--697.
- Lampe, K. F. and M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants. Chicago.
- Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner, and P. C. Boyce. 1997. The Genera of Araceae. 1 vol. + laser disc. [London.]
- Mulligan, G. A. and D. B. Munro. 1990. Poisonous Plants of Canada. Ottawa, Canada.
- Perkins, K. D. and W. W. Payne. 1978. Guide to the Poisonous and Irritant Plants of Florida. Gainesville, Florida.
- Plowman, T. 1969. Folk uses of New World aroids. Econ. Bot. 23: 97--122.
- Thompson, S. A. 1995. Systematics and Biology of the Araceae and Acoraceae of Temperate North America. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Illinois. Add Urbana-Champaign.
- Wilson, K. A. 1960. The genera of the Arales in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 41: 47--72.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 17, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Borders Biological Records Centre - SWT Scottish Borders Local Wildlife Site Survey data 1996-2000 - species information
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2664263
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-16240
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2490700
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:86067-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 4354
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 185363
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 86065-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARMA29
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 23020
- Sue A. Thompson "Araceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Arum". in Flora of Pakistan Page 6. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 90.420 meters (296.654 feet), Standard Deviation = 119.620 based on 11,839 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]