Examining the Farming/language Dispersal Hypothesis
Peter S. Bellwood, Colin Renfrew, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, 2002 - 505 pagina's
Linguistic diversity is one of the most puzzling and challenging features of humankind. Why are there some six thousand different languages spoken in the world today? Why are some, like Chinese or English, spoken by millions over vast territories, while others are restricted to just a few thousand speakers in a limited area? The farming/language dispersal hypothesis makes the radical and controversial proposal that the present-day distributions of many of the world's languages and language families can be traced back to the early developments and dispersals of farming from the several nuclear areas where animal and plant domestication emerged. For instance, the Indo-European and Austronesian language families may owe their current vast distributions to the spread of food plants and of farmers (speaking the relevant proto-language) following the Neolithic revolutions which took place in the Near East and in Eastern Asia respectively, thousands of years ago. In this challenging book, international experts in historical linguistics, prehistoric archaeology, molecular genetics and human ecology bring their specialisms to bear upon this intractable problem, using a range of interdisciplinary approaches. There are signs that a new synthesis between these fields may now be emerging. This path-breaking volume opens new perspectives and indicates some of the directions which future research is likely to follow.
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the Genesis of Agricultural Societies
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Africa agriculture American Journal animals archaeological Asian Austronesian Austronesian languages Bantu Bantu languages Basin Bellwood Blench Blust Cambridge cattle Cavalli-Sforza cent Central cereals colonization crops cultivation cultural Cushitic dates DEDR demic diffusion demographic dispersal distribution diversity domestication Dravidian early East eastern Ehret Europe European expansion farmers farming foragers geographical glottochronological groups guages Guinea haplogroup haplotypes Holocene Human Genetics hunter-gatherers hypothesis India Indo-European Island Southeast Asia Journal of Human language families Lapita Levant lineages maize Mesoamerica Mesolithic migration Militarev millennium bc millet mitochondrial mtDNA Natufian Neolithic Nile Nilotic North northern Oceania origins Pacific Palaeolithic patterns Pawley plant Polynesian population pottery PPNB Prehistory Proto proto-language recent reconstructed region Renfrew rice Sahara Semino settlement South Southeast Asia southern Southwest speakers spread zone studies subgroups Sudanic suggests Taiwan Tibeto-Burman tion Underhill University Press Valley western wild Y-chromosome Zvelebil