Comparison of Theodolite And Total Station
Both the total station and theodolite are devices for the measurement of vertical and horizontal angles during engineering projects and surveying. Each has specific characteristics due to which they are used. Normally, the factors of time, expertise available, and cost will determine the use of either of these instruments. However, the major differences in these survey instruments are explained below:
A theodolite includes a suitable telescope that is fixed between the horizontal and vertical axes. The axes angle can be calculated accurately only if the operator has enough information regarding trigonometry. Furthermore, a theodolite normally needs the assistance of one person in addition the operator, to facilitate the measurement and alignment of angles. To ensure accuracy, both the operators should be able to level the tripod and the measuring post. Furthermore, they should be able to align the measuring line and the stake to obtain an accurate data. Mathematical and graphical proficiency is also required to produce the appropriate data. A theodolite is normally used for small size plots. In the modern theodolites, the reading of the vertical and horizontal circles is executed electronically by a rotary encoder. Additionally, sensors are added to allow auto-targeting and automatic measurements by using integral software. Some modern theodolites have electro-optical distance measuring tools, usually infrared, permitting simultaneous measurements of the vectors.
A total station is considered to be a superior surveying tool compared to the theodolite due to its digital integration and all-inclusive features. A total station incorporates the functions of theodolite to determine angles and distances by an electronic distance meter. Total stations employ a combination of lasers and prisms to record digital readings of the measurements in a computer. This data can be used further analysis. Robotic total stations have been developed that can be operated remotely. However, the total stations are expensive and need not only survey expertise, but also detailed training on software. Total stations are suitable for survey requirements over large distances, particularly over difficult terrain. The results of a total station on such environments are more accurate.