Brand Name: Intuniv
Intuniv Extended Release Tablets, an ADHD medication for the treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. Usage, dosage, side effects.
Indications and Usage
Dosage and Administration
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Warnings and Precautions
Use in Specific Populations
Drug Abuse and Dependence
How Supplied/Storage and Handling
INTUNIV™ is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The efficacy of INTUNIV was studied for the treatment of ADHD in two controlled clinical trials (8 and 9 weeks in duration) in children and adolescents ages 6- 17 who met DSM-IV® criteria for ADHD [see Clinical Studies]. The effectiveness of INTUNIV for longer-term use (more than 9 weeks) has not been systematically evaluated in controlled trials.
A diagnosis of ADHD implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive and/or inattentive symptoms that cause impairment and were present before the age of 7 years. The symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment, e.g., in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and be present in two or more settings, e.g., school (or work) and at home. The symptoms must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder. For the Inattentive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: lack of attention to details/careless mistakes; lack of sustained attention; poor listener; failure to follow through on tasks; poor organization; avoids tasks requiring sustained mental effort; loses things; easily distracted; forgetful. For the Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: fidgeting/squirming; leaving seat; inappropriate running/climbing; difficulty with quiet activities; "on the go"; excessive talking; blurting answers; can't wait turn; intrusive. The Combined Type requires both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive criteria to be met.
Special Diagnostic Considerations
Specific etiology of this syndrome is unknown, and there is no single diagnostic test. Adequate diagnosis requires the use not only of medical but also of special psychological, educational, and social resources. Learning may or may not be impaired. The diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the patient and not solely on the presence of the required number of DSM-IV® characteristics.
Need for Comprehensive Treatment Program
INTUNIV is indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for ADHD that may include other measures (psychological, educational, and social) for patients with this syndrome. Drug treatment may not be indicated for all patients with this syndrome. INTUNIV is not intended for use in patients who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. Appropriate educational/vocational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. When remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe INTUNIV will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient's symptoms and on the level of functional impairment.
General Dosing Information
INTUNIV is an extended-release tablet and should be dosed once daily. Tablets should not be crushed, chewed or broken before swallowing because this will increase the rate of guanfacine release. Do not administer with high fat meals, due to increased exposure.
Do not substitute for immediate-release guanfacine tablets on a mg-mg basis, because of differing pharmacokinetic profiles. INTUNIV has a delayed Tmax, reduced Cmax and lower bioavailability compared to those of the same dose of immediate-release guanfacine [see Clinical Pharmacology].
If switching from immediate-release guanfacine, discontinue that treatment, and titrate with INTUNIV according to the following recommended schedule.
Begin at a dose of 1 mg/day, and adjust in increments of no more than 1 mg/week.
Maintain the dose within the range of 1-4 mg once daily, depending on clinical response and tolerability. In clinical trials, patients were randomized to doses of 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg or 4 mg and received INTUNIV once daily in the morning [see Clinical Studies].
Clinically relevant improvements were observed beginning at doses in the range 0.05- 0.08 mg/kg once daily. Efficacy increased with increasing weight-adjusted dose (mg/kg). If well tolerated, doses up to 0.12 mg/kg once daily may provide additional benefit. Doses above 4 mg/day have not been studied.
In clinical trials, there were dose-related and exposure-related risks for several clinically significant adverse reactions (hypotension, bradycardia, sedative events). Thus, consideration should be given to dosing INTUNIV on a mg/kg basis, in order to balance the exposure-related potential benefits and risks of treatment.
The effectiveness of INTUNIV for longer-term use (more than 9 weeks) has not been systematically evaluated in controlled trials. Therefore the physician electing to use INTUNIV for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
In a pharmacodynamic study in healthy young adult volunteers receiving INTUNIV (4 mg once daily) or placebo, the effects of abrupt discontinuation were compared to tapering. There were greater mean increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after abrupt discontinuation of INTUNIV, but these changes generally reflected a return to original baseline and were not meaningfully different for the two discontinuation strategies. However, infrequent, transient elevations in blood pressure above original baseline (i.e., rebound) have been reported to occur upon abrupt discontinuation of guanfacine. To minimize these effects, the dose should generally be tapered in decrements of no more than 1 mg every 3 to 7 days.
When reinitiating patients to the previous maintenance dose after two or more missed consecutive doses, physicians should consider titration based on patient tolerability.
1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg and 4 mg extended-release tablets
|1 mg||2 mg||3 mg||4 mg|
|503 / 1mg||503 / 2mg||503 / 3mg||503 / 4mg|
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to INTUNIV, its inactive ingredients [see Description], or other products containing guanfacine (e.g. TENEX®) should not take INTUNIV.
Hypotension, Bradycardia, and Syncope
Treatment with INTUNIV can cause decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. In the pediatric, short-term (8-9 weeks), controlled trials, the maximum mean changes from baseline in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse were âˆ’5 mm Hg, âˆ’3 mm Hg, and âˆ’6 bpm, respectively, for all dose groups combined (generally one week after reaching target doses of 1 mg/day, 2 mg/day, 3 mg/day or 4 mg/day). These changes were dose dependent. Decreases in blood pressure and heart rate were usually modest and asymptomatic; however, hypotension and bradycardia can occur. Hypotension was reported as an adverse event for 6% of the INTUNIV group and 4% of the placebo group. Orthostatic hypotension was reported for 1% of the INTUNIV group and none in the placebo group. In long-term, open label studies, (mean exposure of approximately 10 months), maximum decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure occurred in the first month of therapy. Decreases were less pronounced over time. Syncope occurred in 1% of pediatric subjects in the clinical program. The majority of these cases occurred in the long-term, open-label studies.
Measure heart rate and blood pressure prior to initiation of therapy, following dose increases, and periodically while on therapy. Use INTUNIV with caution in patients with a history of hypotension, heart block, bradycardia, or cardiovascular disease, because it can decrease blood pressure and heart rate. Use caution in treating patients who have a history of syncope or may have a condition that predisposes them to syncope, such as hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, or dehydration. Use INTUNIV with caution in patients treated concomitantly with antihypertensives or other drugs that can reduce blood pressure or heart rate or increase the risk of syncope. Advise patients to avoid becoming dehydrated or overheated.
Sedation and Somnolence
Somnolence and sedation were commonly reported adverse reactions in clinical studies (38% for INTUNIV vs. 12% for placebo) in children and adolescents with ADHD, especially during initial use [see Adverse Reactions]. Before using INTUNIV with other centrally active depressants (such as phenothiazines, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines), consider the potential for additive sedative effects. Caution patients against operating heavy equipment or driving until they know how they respond to treatment with INTUNIV. Advise patients to avoid use with alcohol.
Other Guanfacine-Containing Products
Guanfacine, the active ingredient in INTUNIV, is also approved as an antihypertensive. Do not use INTUNIV in patients concomitantly taking other guanfacine-containing products (e.g., Tenex).
The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labelling:
- Hypotension, bradycardia, and syncope [see Warnings and Precautions]
- Sedation and somnolence [see Warnings and Precautions]
The most common adverse reactions with INTUNIV are: somnolence/sedation, abdominal pain, dizziness, hypotension/decreased blood pressure, dry mouth, and constipation.
Twelve percent (12%) of patients receiving INTUNIV discontinued from the clinical studies due to adverse events, compared to 4% in the placebo group. The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of INTUNIV-treated patients from the studies were somnolence/sedation (6%) and fatigue (2%). Less common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation (occurring in approximately 1% of patients) included: hypotension/decreased blood pressure, headache, and dizziness.
Clinical Trial Experience
Short Term Clinical Studies
Common Adverse Reactions - Two short-term, placebo-controlled, double-blind pivotal studies (Studies 1 and 2) were conducted in children and adolescents with ADHD, using fixed doses of INTUNIV (1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/day). The most commonly reported adverse reactions (occurring in â‰¥ 2% of patients) that were considered drug-related and reported in a greater percentage of patients taking INTUNIV compared to patients taking placebo are shown in Table 1. Adverse reactions that were dose-related include: somnolence, sedation, abdominal pain, dizziness, hypotension/decreased blood pressure, dry mouth and constipation.
Table 1: Percentage of Patients Experiencing Common (â‰¥ 2%) Adverse Reactions in Short-Term Studies 1 and 2
|Adverse Reaction Term||
All Doses of
|Abdominal pain (upper)||7%||10%|
|a: The somnolence term includes somnolence, sedation, and hypersomnia.|
Less Common Adverse Reactions - Less common adverse reactions (< 2%) reported in pivotal Studies 1 and 2 that occurred in more than one patient taking INTUNIV and were more common than in the placebo group are listed below.
|Table 2: Less Common Adverse Reactions (< 2%) in Short-Term Studies 1 and 2|
|Body System||Adverse Reaction|
|Cardiac||Atrioventricular block, bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia|
|General||Asthenia, chest pain|
|Investigations||Increased alanine aminotransferase, increased blood pressure,increased weight|
|Nervous system||Postural dizziness|
|Renal||Increased urinary frequency, enuresis|
|Vascular||Orthostatic hypotension, pallor|
In addition, the following less common (< 2%) psychiatric disorders occurred in more than one patient receiving INTUNIV and were more common than in the placebo group. The relationship to INTUNIV could not be determined because these events may also occur as symptoms in pediatric patients with ADHD: agitation, anxiety, depression, emotional lability, nightmares or interrupted sleep.
Long Term Clinical Studies
Common Adverse Reactions
Patients from the two short-term, placebo-controlled studies 1 and 2 were eligible to participate in one of two long-term, flexible-dose, open-label studies. The mean duration of exposure of the 446 patients who received open-label treatment was approximately 10 months. The distribution of patients among the doses prior to tapering off upon completion of the study was 37%, 33%, 27% and 3% on 4 mg, 3 mg, 2 mg and 1 mg, respectively.
The most common adverse reactions (â‰¥ 5%) reported during open label treatment are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: Percentage of Patients Experiencing Common (â‰¥ 5%) Adverse Reactions during Long-Term (Up to 10 months), Flexible-dose, Open-Label Follow-up from Studies 1 and 2
|Adverse Reaction Term||
All Doses of INTUNIV
|Abdominal pain (upper)||11%|
|Hypotension / Decreased Blood Pressure||10%|
|a: The somnolence term includes somnolence, sedation, and hypersomnia.|
Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation - Eighteen percent (18%) of patients receiving INTUNIV discontinued from long-term studies due to adverse events. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to discontinuation (â‰¥ 2%) were somnolence (3%), syncopal events (2%), increased weight (2%), depression (2%), and fatigue (2%). Other adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in the long-term studies (occurring in approximately 1% of patients) included: hypotension/decreased blood pressure, sedation, headache, and lethargy.
Serious Adverse Reactions - In long-term open label studies, serious adverse reactions occurring in more than one patient were syncope (2%) and convulsion (0.4%).
Less Common Adverse Reactions - Adverse reactions that occurred in < 5% of patients but â‰¥ 2% in open-label, long-term studies that are considered possibly related to INTUNIV include: syncopal events, constipation, stomach discomfort, hypertension/increased blood pressure, decreased appetite, diarrhea, dry mouth, lethargy, and insomnia.
Effects on Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI)
Patients taking INTUNIV demonstrated similar growth compared to normative data. Patients taking INTUNIV had a mean increase in weight of 1 kg (2 lbs) compared to those receiving placebo over a comparative treatment period. Patients receiving INTUNIV for at least 12 months in open-label studies gained an average of 8 kg (17 lbs) in weight and 8 cm (3 in) in height. The height, weight, and BMI percentile remained stable in patients at 12 months in the long-term studies compared to when they began receiving INTUNIV.
In short and long-term studies, no clinically important effects were identified on any laboratory parameters.
Effects on Heart Rate and QT Interval
The effect of two dose levels of immediate-release guanfacine (4 mg and 8 mg) on the QT interval was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, cross-over study in healthy adults.
A dose-dependent decrease in heart rate was observed during the first 12 hours, at time of maximal concentrations. The mean change in heart rate was -13 bpm at 4 mg and -22 bpm at 8 mg.
An apparent increase in mean QTc was observed for both doses. However, guanfacine does not appear to interfere with cardiac repolarization of the form associated with proarrhythmic drugs. This finding has no known clinical relevance.
Use caution when INTUNIV is administered to patients taking ketoconazole and other strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors, since elevation of plasma guanfacine concentration increases the risk of adverse events such as hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. There was a substantial increase in the rate and extent of guanfacine exposure when administered with ketoconazole; the guanfacine exposure increased 3-fold (AUC).
When patients are taking INTUNIV concomitantly with a CYP3A4 inducer, an increase in the dose of INTUNIV within the recommended dose range may be considered. There was a significant decrease in the rate and extent of guanfacine exposure when co-administered with rifampin, a CYP3A4 inducer. The exposure to guanfacine decreased by 70% (AUC).
Co-administration of guanfacine and valproic acid can result in increased concentrations of valproic acid. The mechanism of this interaction is unknown, although both guanfacine (via a Phase I metabolite, 3-hydroxy guanfacine) and valproic acid are metabolized by glucuronidation, possibly resulting in competitive inhibition. When INTUNIV is coadministered with valproic acid, monitor patients for potential additive CNS effects, and consider monitoring serum valproic acid concentrations. Adjustments in the dose of valproic acid may be indicated when co-administered with INTUNIV.
Use caution when INTUNIV is administered concomitantly with antihypertensive drugs, due to the potential for additive pharmacodynamic effects (e.g., hypotension, syncope) [see Warnings and Precautions].
CNS Depressant Drugs
Caution should be exercised when INTUNIV is administered concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs (e.g. alcohol, sedative/hypnotics, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and antipsychotics) due to the potential for additive pharmacodynamic effects (e.g., sedation, somnolence) [see Warnings and Precautions].
Pregnancy Category B
Rat experiments have shown that guanfacine crosses the placenta. However, administration of guanfacine to rats and rabbits at 6 and 4 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose of 4 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis resulted in no evidence of harm to the fetus. Higher doses (20 times the maximum recommended human dose in both rabbits and rats) were associated with reduced fetal survival and maternal toxicity. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of guanfacine in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
It is not known whether guanfacine is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when INTUNIV is administered to a nursing woman. Experiments with rats have shown that guanfacine is excreted in the milk.
The safety and efficacy of INTUNIV in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age have not been established. For children and adolescents 6 years and older, efficacy beyond 9 weeks and safety beyond 2 years of treatment have not been established [see Adverse Reactions and Clinical Studies].
The safety and efficacy of INTUNIV in geriatric patients have not been established.
Use in Patients with Renal or Hepatic Impairment
The impact of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of guanfacine in children was not assessed. In adult patients with impaired renal function, the cumulative urinary excretion of guanfacine and the renal clearance diminished as renal function decreased. In patients on hemodialysis, the dialysis clearance was about 15% of the total clearance. The low dialysis clearance suggests that the hepatic elimination (metabolism) increases as renal function decreases. It may be necessary to adjust the dose in patients with significant impairment of renal function.
The impact of hepatic impairment on PK of guanfacine in children was not assessed. Guanfacine in adults is cleared both by the liver and the kidney, and approximately 50% of the clearance of guanfacine is hepatic. It may be necessary to adjust the dose in patients with significant impairment of hepatic function.
INTUNIV is not a controlled substance and has no known potential for abuse or dependence.
Two cases of accidental overdose of INTUNIV were reported in clinical trials in pediatric ADHD patients. These reports included adverse reactions of sedation and bradycardia in one patient and somnolence and dizziness in the other patient.
During post-marketing surveillance of guanfacine as an antihypertensive treatment for adults, drowsiness, lethargy, bradycardia and hypotension have been observed following overdose. Similar symptoms have been described in voluntary reports to the American Association of Poison Control Center's National Poison Data System. Miosis of the pupils may be noted on examination. No fatal overdoses of guanfacine have been reported in published literature.
Consult a Certified Poison Control Center for up to date guidance and advice. Gastric lavage may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion. Activated charcoal may be useful in limiting absorption. Guanfacine is not dialyzable in clinically significant amounts (2.4%).
Management of INTUNIV overdose should include monitoring for and the treatment of hypotension, bradycardia, lethargy and respiratory depression. Children and adolescents who develop lethargy should be observed for the development of more serious toxicity including coma, bradycardia and hypotension for up to 24 hours, due to the possibility of delayed onset hypotension.
INTUNIV is a once-daily, extended-release formulation of guanfacine hydrochloride (HCl) in a matrix tablet formulation for oral administration only. The chemical designation is N-amidino-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) acetamide monohydrochloride. The molecular formula is C9H9Cl2 N3O·HCl corresponding to a molecular weight of 282.55. The chemical structure is:
Guanfacine HCl is a white to off-white crystalline powder, sparingly soluble in water (approximately 1 mg/mL) and alcohol and slightly soluble in acetone. The only organic solvent in which it has relatively high solubility is methanol (>30 mg/mL). Each tablet contains guanfacine HCl equivalent to 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, or 4 mg of guanfacine base. The tablets also contain hypromellose, methacrylic acid copolymer, lactose, povidone, crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, fumaric acid, and glyceryl behenate. In addition, the 3mg and 4mg tablets also contain green pigment blend PB-1763.
Mechanism of Action
Guanfacine is a selective alpha2A-adrenergic receptor agonist. Guanfacine is not a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. The mechanism of action of guanfacine in ADHD is not known.
Guanfacine is a selective alpha2A-adrenergic receptor agonist in that it has a 15-20 times higher affinity for this receptor subtype than for the alpha2B or alpha2C subtypes.
Guanfacine is a known antihypertensive agent. By stimulating alpha2A-adrenergic receptors, guanfacine reduces sympathetic nerve impulses from the vasomotor center to the heart and blood vessels. This results in a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and a reduction in heart rate.
Absorption and Distribution
Guanfacine is readily absorbed and approximately 70% bound to plasma proteins independent of drug concentration. After oral administration of INTUNIV the time to peak plasma concentration is approximately 5 hours in children and adolescents with ADHD.
Immediate-release guanfacine and INTUNIV have different pharmacokinetic characteristics; dose substitution on a milligram for milligram basis will result in differences in exposure.
A comparison across studies suggests that the Cmax is 60% lower and AUC0-β 43% lower, respectively, for INTUNIV compared to immediate-release guanfacine. Therefore, the relative bioavailability of INTUNIV to immediate-release guanfacine is 58%. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters in adults following the administration of INTUNIV 1 mg once daily and immediate-release guanfacine 1mg once daily are summarized in Table 4.
|Table 4: Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Adults|
1 mg once daily
1 mg once daily
|Cmax (ng/mL)||1.0 ± 0.3||2.5 ± 0.6|
|AUC0-β (ng.h/mL)||32 ± 9||56 ± 15|
|tmax (h)||6.0 (4.0 - 8.0)||3.0 (1.5-4.0)|
|t ½ (h)||18 ± 4||16 ± 3|
Note: Values are mean +/- SD, except for tmax which is median (range)
Exposure to guanfacine was higher in children (ages 6-12) compared to adolescents (ages 13-17) and adults. After oral administration of multiple doses of INTUNIV 4 mg, the Cmax was 10 ng/mL compared to 7 ng/mL and the AUC was 162 ng h/mL compared to 116 ng h/mL in children (ages 6-12) and adolescents (ages 13-17), respectively. These differences are probably attributable to the lower body weight of children compared to adolescents and adults.
The pharmacokinetics were affected by intake of food when a single dose of INTUNIV 4 mg was administered with a high-fat breakfast. The mean exposure increased (Cmax ~75% and AUC ~40%) compared to dosing in a fasted state.
Following administration of INTUNIV in single doses of 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, and 4 mg to adults, Cmax and AUC0-β of guanfacine were proportional to dose.
Metabolism and Elimination
In vitro studies with human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP's demonstrated that guanfacine was primarily metabolized by CYP3A4. In pooled human hepatic microsomes, guanfacine did not inhibit the activities of the major cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 or CYP3A4/5). Guanfacine is a substrate of CYP3A4/5 and exposure is affected by CYP3A4/5 inducers/inhibitors.
Renal and Hepatic Impairment
The impact of renal impairment on PK of guanfacine in children was not assessed [see Use in Specific Populations].
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
No carcinogenic effect of guanfacine was observed in studies of 78 weeks in mice or 102 weeks in rats at doses up to 6-7 times the maximum recommended human dose of 4 mg/day on a mg/ m2 basis.
Guanfacine was not genotoxic in a variety of test models, including the Ames test and an in vitro chromosomal aberration test; however, a marginal increase in numerical aberrations (polyploidy) was observed in the latter study.
No adverse effects were observed in fertility studies in male and female rats at doses up to 30 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/ m2 basis.
Safety and Efficacy Studies
The efficacy of INTUNIV in the treatment of ADHD was established in 2 placebocontrolled trials in children and adolescents ages 6-17. Study 1 evaluated 2 mg, 3 mg and 4 mg of INTUNIV dosed once daily in an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, fixed dose design (n=345). Study 2 evaluated 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg and 4 mg of INTUNIV dosed once daily in a 9-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, fixed-dose design (n=324). In Studies 1 and 2, patients were randomized to a fixed dose of INTUNIV. Doses were titrated in increments of up to 1 mg/week. The lowest dose of 1 mg used in Study 2 was assigned only to patients less than 50 kg (110 lbs). Patients who weighed less than 25 kg (55 lbs) were not included in either study.
Signs and symptoms of ADHD were evaluated on a once weekly basis using the clinician administered and scored ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS), which includes both hyperactive/impulsive and inattentive subscales. In both studies, the primary outcome was the change from baseline to endpoint in mean ADHD-RS scores.
The mean reductions in ADHD-RS scores at endpoint were statistically significantly greater for INTUNIV compared to placebo for Studies 1 and 2. Placebo-adjusted changes from baseline were statistically significant for each of the 2 mg, 3 mg, and 4 mg INTUNIV randomized treatment groups in both studies, as well as the 1 mg INTUNIV treatment group (for patients 55-110 lbs) that was included only in Study 2.
Dose-responsive efficacy was evident, particularly when data were examined on a weight-adjusted (mg/kg) basis. When evaluated over the dose range of 0.01-0.17 mg/kg/day, clinically relevant improvements were observed beginning at doses in the range 0.05-0.08 mg/kg/day. Doses up to 0.12 mg/kg/day were shown to provide additional benefit.
Controlled, long-term efficacy studies (>9 weeks) have not been conducted.
Subgroup analyses were performed to identify any differences in response based on gender or age (6-12 vs. 13-17). Analyses of the primary outcome did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of gender. Analyses by age subgroup revealed a statistically significant treatment effect only in the 6-12 age subgroup. Due to the relatively small proportion of adolescent patients (ages 13-17) enrolled into these studies (approximately 25%), these data may not be sufficient to demonstrate efficacy in the adolescent subgroup. In these studies, patients were randomized to a fixed dose of INTUNIV rather than optimized by body weight. Therefore, it is likely that some adolescent patients were randomized to a dose that resulted in relatively low plasma guanfacine concentrations compared to the younger sub-group. Over half (55%) of the adolescent patients received doses of 0.01-0.04mg/kg. In studies in which systematic pharmacokinetic data were obtained, there was a strong inverse correlation between body weight and plasma guanfacine concentrations.
INTUNIV is supplied in 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, and 4 mg strength extended-release tablets
in 100 count bottles.
|1 mg||2 mg||3 mg||4 mg|
|503 / 1mg||503 / 2mg||503 / 3mg||503 / 4mg|
Storage - Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). See USP Controlled Room Temperature.
Manufactured for Shire US Inc., Wayne, PA 19087.
INTUNIV is a trademark of Shire LLC.
©2009 Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc.
This product is covered by US patents including
5,854,290; 6,287,599; 6,811,794.
Version: August 2009
The information in this monograph is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects. This information is generalized and is not intended as specific medical advice. If you have questions about the medicines you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse.