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Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 507828, 9 pages
Sliding Mode Control for Markovian Switching Singular Systems with Time-Varying Delays and Nonlinear Perturbations
1College of Information Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, China
2Department of Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
Received 13 October 2012; Revised 28 December 2012; Accepted 28 December 2012
Academic Editor: Her-Terng Yau
Copyright © 2013 Guowei Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This paper is devoted to investigating sliding mode control (SMC) for Markovian switching singular systems with time-varying delays and nonlinear perturbations. The sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee that the nonlinear singular system is stochastically admissible and its trajectory can reach the sliding surface in finite time. By using Lyapunov functional method, some criteria on stochastically admissible are established in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the obtained results.
The sliding mode control (SMC) theory has made rapid progress since it was proposed by Utkin . As an effective robust control strategy, SMC has been successfully applied to a wide variety of practical engineering systems such as robot manipulators, aircrafts, underwater vehicles, spacecrafts, flexible space structures, electrical motors, power systems, and automotive engines . The SMC system has various attractive features such as fast response, good transient performance, and insensitiveness to the uncertainties on the sliding surface . These advantages provide more freedom in designing the controllers for the system models which can be easily modified by introducing virtual disturbances to satisfy some requirements. The SMC strategy has been successfully applied to many kinds of systems, such as uncertain time-delay systems and Markovian jump system [3–14].
Singular systems, also referred to as descriptor systems, generalized state-space systems, differential-algebraic systems, or semistate systems, are more appropriate to describe the behavior of some practical systems, such as economic systems, power systems, and circuits systems, because singular systems mix up dynamic equations and static equations. Basic control theory for singular systems has been widely studied, such as stability and stabilization [14–18], control problem [19–22], and optimal control  and filtering problem [24–26]. Xu et al. have designed an integral sliding mode controller for singular stochastic hybrid systems . They put up with new sufficient conditions in terms of strict LMIs, which guarantees stochastic stability of the sliding mode dynamics.
In practice, many physical systems may happen to have abrupt variations in their structure, due to random failures or repair of components, sudden environmental disturbances, changing subsystem interconnections, and abrupt variations in the operating points of a nonlinear plant. Therefore, Markovian jump systems have received increasing attention, see [28–33] and the references therein. Wu et al.  have probed sliding mode control with bounded gain performance of Markovian jump singular time-delay systems. Kao et al.  have investigated delay-dependent robust exponential stability of Markovian jumping reaction-diffusion Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with mixed delays. Zhang and Boukas have discussed mode-dependent filtering for discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with partly unknown transition probability. To the authors' best knowledge, sliding mode control for a class of Markovian switching singular systems with time-varying delays and nonlinear perturbations has not been properly investigated. Especially few consider exponential stabilization for this kind of nonlinear singular systems by sliding mode control.
Motivated by the above discussion, we consider exponential stabilization for Markovian switching nonlinear singular systems via sliding mode control. First, we develop two lemmas. Based on these lemmas, delay-dependent sufficient condition on exponential stabilization for singular time-varying delay systems is given in terms of nonstrict LMIs. Some specified matrices are introduced and the non-strict LMIs are translated into strict LMIs which are easy to check by MATLAB LMI toolbox. Second, a sliding surface is derived using an equivalent control approach. A sliding mode controller is developed to drive the systems to the sliding surface in finite time and maintain a sliding motion thereafter. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed result.
Notations. is a complete probability space with a filtration satisfying the usual conditions. is the family of all -measurable valued random variables such that , where stands for the mathematical expectation operator with respect to the given probability measure . and denote, respectively, the -dimensional Euclidean space and the set of real matrices. The superscript denotes the transpose, and the notation (resp., ) where and are symmetric matrices means that is positive semi-definite (resp., positive definite). stands for the space of square integral vector functions. will refer to the Euclidean vector norm, and represents the symmetric form of matrix.
2. System Description and Definitions
Consider the following singular system with time-varying delays, nonlinear perturbations, and Markovian switching: where is the state vector; is the control input; represents the system nonlinearity and any model uncertainties in the systems including external disturbances with Markovian switching; is a compatible vector valued continuous function. , and are real constant matrices with appropriate dimensions. The matrix may be singular, and we assume that . denotes the time-varying delay and satisfies
Let be a continuous-time discrete-state Markovian process with right continuous trajectories taking value in a finite set with transition probability matrix , where and , is the transition rate from to if and .
The nominal Markovian jump singular and time-delay system of system (1) are as follows:
The initial Markovian jump singular system in (1) is assumed to be
Recall that the Markovian process takes value in a finite set . For simplicity, we write , , , , .
Definition 2. For a given scalar , the Markovian jump singular delay system (5) is said to be regular and impulse free for any time delay satisfying , if the system (4) and the system are all regular and impulse free.
The system (5) is said to be stochastically stable if for any and there exists a scalar such that , where denotes the solution of system (5) at time under the initial condition and .
The system (5) is said to be stochastically admissible if it is regular, impulse free, and stochastically stable.
We will assume the followings to be valid.
Assumption 1. is full-rank:rank .
Assumption 2. The perturbation term is Lipshitz, continuous and satisfies the following matching conditions:
with bounded by where is a constant.
Lemma 3 will support the non-strict LMI to be translated into strict LMI.
Lemma 3 (see ). Let be symmetric such that and nonsingular. Then, is nonsingular and its inverse is expressed as where is symmetric and is a singular matrix with where and are any matrices with full row rank and satisfy and , respectively; is decomposed as with and are of full column rank.
Lemma 4 (see ). There exists symmetric matrix X such that if and only if
Lemma 5. Let , , be matrices of appropriate dimensions, then is equivalent to
Lemma 6. Let , , and . Then we have .
Lemma 7. The Markovian jump singular system (4) is stochastically admissible if and only if there exists matrices such that
Lemma 8. For a prescribed scalars , , and any time delay satisfying , the Markovian jump singular time-delay system (5) is stochastically admissible, if there exist symmetric positive-definite matrices and nonsingular matrix for every , such that where
Proof. First to prove the system is regular and impulse free.
From (16), it is easy to know and
By pre- and postmultiplying (18) by and , we get where and are symmetric positive-definite matrices, we have
Based on Lemma 7, (15) and (20) show that the system is regular and impulse free, and (15) and (21) ensure that the system is regular and impulse free. Hence, according to Definition 2, the system (5) is regular and impulse free for any delay satisfying .
Second, to prove the system (5) is stochastically stable. Take a functional candidate for the system as follows:
Then, let be the weak infinitesimal generator of the random process , and for each , we have where .
With (16), it is easy to know that there exists a scalar , such that
By Dynkin's formula, we get and this means
Therefore by Definition 2, the Markovian jump singular system (5) is stochastically stable. This completes the proof.
3. Sliding Motion Stability Analysis
3.1. Sliding Surface Design
SMC design involves two basic steps: sliding surface design and controller design. For every , integral sliding surface with delay and Markovian switching is considered as follows: where is real matrix to be designed and is designed to satisfy that is nonsingular. According to theory, when the system trajectories reach onto the sliding surface, it follows that and .
Therefore, by , we get the equivalent control as
Substituting into (1), we obtain the following sliding mode dynamics:
3.2. Sliding Mode Dynamics Analysis
In this section, we pay attention to establishing conditions to check the stochastical admissibility of the system (29). Based on Lemmas 4, it is easy to get the sufficient condition provided in the following theorem.
Theorem 9. Given scalars and , for any delays satisfying (2), the system (29) is stochastically admissible if there exist nonsingular matrices and symmetric positive-definite matrix and such that where
Theorem 11. Given scalars and , for any delays satisfying (2), the system (29) is stochastically admissible if there exist symmetric positive-definite matrices , , and symmetric matrix , matrix , and any matrices with full row rank satisfying , respectively, such that where
Proof. Let in Theorem 9. We can get
Using Lemma 3, we get
By pre- and postmultiplying (37) by and , we get where
In light of Lemma 4, there exists symmetric matrix such that
It is easy to know that
Using Shur's complement, the following inequality can ensure (41) as where and . Equation (42) is equivalent to
There exists a matrix such that if and only if
The above inequality is equivalent to the following inequality:
And the following inequality can guarantee that (48) is true:
By Shur's complement, the right of (46) is equivalent to where and , . is decomposed as with and are of full column rank. This completes the proof.
3.3. Sliding Mode Control Design
After switching surface design, the next important part of sliding mode control is to design a slide mode controller to guarantee the existence of a sliding mode. Now, we design an SMC law, by which the trajectories of singular system (1) can be driven onto the designed sliding surface in a finite time.
Theorem 13. With the constant matrix mentioned in Theorem 11 and the integral sliding surface given by (29), the trajectory of the closed-loop system (1) can be driven onto the sliding surface in finite time with the control (51) as where is a positive constant.
Proof. Choose under the condition of is nonsingular. Consider the following Lyapunov function:
Due to (29), we have
Differentiating along the closed-loop trajectories and using (53), we have where . Then the state trajectory converges to the surface and is restricted to the surface for all subsequent time. This completes the proof.
4. Numerical Example
In this section, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results in this paper.
Example 14. Let us consider the system (1) with Markovian process that governs that the mode switching has generator , . The system data are as follows:
In addition, and . Solve the LMI (33), (34), and (35) as follows:
For , we can choose and as
Thus the sliding surface function is
Take , then the SMC law designed in (51) can be described as where . The simulation results are given in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, which show the validity of the proposed method.
Remark 15. Obviously, our results include Markovian switching and nonlinear perturbation effects, and this model can not be dealt with by the results of [6, 8, 10–14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 27, 34, 37], which show that our results are new.
In this paper, the stochastically admissible using sliding mode control for singular system with time-varying delay and nonlinear perturbations is studied by LMI method. The sliding mode control is designed to ensure that the closed-loop system is stochastically admissible. A numerical example demonstrates the effectiveness of the method mentioned above.
The authors would like to thank the editors and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and constructive suggestions. This research is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Autonomous Region (no. 2012GXNSFBA053003), the National Natural Science Foundations of China (60973048, 61272077, 60974025, 60673101, 60939003), National 863 Plan Project (2008 AA04Z401, 2009AA043404), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (no. Y2007G30), the Scientific and Technological Project of Shandong Province (no. 2007GG3WZ04016), the Science Foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) (HIT(WH) 200807), the Natural Scientific Research Innovation Foundation in Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT.NSRIF. 2001120), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2010048 1000), and the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technique (Qingdao University).
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