/*
             LUFA Library
     Copyright (C) Dean Camera, 2021.

  dean [at] fourwalledcubicle [dot] com
           www.lufa-lib.org
*/

/*
  Copyright 2021  Dean Camera (dean [at] fourwalledcubicle [dot] com)

  Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this
  software and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted
  without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appear in
  all copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
  permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
  documentation, and that the name of the author not be used in
  advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the
  software without specific, written prior permission.

  The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this
  software, including all implied warranties of merchantability
  and fitness.  In no event shall the author be liable for any
  special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages
  whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether
  in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious action,
  arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of
  this software.
*/

/** \file
 *  \brief Serial USART Peripheral Driver (AVR8)
 *
 *  On-chip serial USART driver for the 8-bit AVR microcontrollers.
 *
 *  \note This file should not be included directly. It is automatically included as needed by the USART driver
 *        dispatch header located in LUFA/Drivers/Peripheral/Serial.h.
 */

/** \ingroup Group_Serial
 *  \defgroup Group_Serial_AVR8 Serial USART Peripheral Driver (AVR8)
 *
 *  \section Sec_Serial_AVR8_ModDescription Module Description
 *  On-chip serial USART driver for the 8-bit AVR microcontrollers.
 *
 *  \note This file should not be included directly. It is automatically included as needed by the USART driver
 *        dispatch header located in LUFA/Drivers/Peripheral/Serial.h.
 *
 *  \section Sec_Serial_AVR8_ExampleUsage Example Usage
 *  The following snippet is an example of how this module may be used within a typical
 *  application.
 *
 *  \code
 *      // Initialize the serial USART driver before first use, with 9600 baud (and no double-speed mode)
 *      Serial_Init(9600, false);
 *
 *      // Send a string through the USART
 *      Serial_SendString("Test String\r\n");
 *
 *      // Send a raw byte through the USART
 *      Serial_SendByte(0xDC);
 *
 *      // Receive a byte through the USART (or -1 if no data received)
 *      int16_t DataByte = Serial_ReceiveByte();
 *  \endcode
 *
 *  @{
 */

#ifndef __SERIAL_AVR8_H__
#define __SERIAL_AVR8_H__

	/* Includes: */
		#include "../../../Common/Common.h"
		#include "../../Misc/TerminalCodes.h"

		#include <stdio.h>

	/* Enable C linkage for C++ Compilers: */
		#if defined(__cplusplus)
			extern "C" {
		#endif

	/* Preprocessor Checks: */
		#if !defined(__INCLUDE_FROM_SERIAL_H) && !defined(__INCLUDE_FROM_SERIAL_C)
			#error Do not include this file directly. Include LUFA/Drivers/Peripheral/Serial.h instead.
		#endif

	/* Private Interface - For use in library only: */
	#if !defined(__DOXYGEN__)
		/* External Variables: */
			extern FILE USARTSerialStream;

		/* Function Prototypes: */
			int Serial_putchar(char DataByte,
			                   FILE *Stream);
			int Serial_getchar(FILE *Stream);
			int Serial_getchar_Blocking(FILE *Stream);
	#endif

	/* Public Interface - May be used in end-application: */
		/* Macros: */
			/** Macro for calculating the baud value from a given baud rate when the \c U2X (double speed) bit is
			 *  not set.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] Baud  Target serial UART baud rate.
			 *
			 *  \return Closest UBRR register value for the given UART frequency.
			 */
			#define SERIAL_UBBRVAL(Baud)    ((((F_CPU / 16) + (Baud / 2)) / (Baud)) - 1)

			/** Macro for calculating the baud value from a given baud rate when the \c U2X (double speed) bit is
			 *  set.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] Baud  Target serial UART baud rate.
			 *
			 *  \return Closest UBRR register value for the given UART frequency.
			 */
			#define SERIAL_2X_UBBRVAL(Baud) ((((F_CPU / 8) + (Baud / 2)) / (Baud)) - 1)

		/* Function Prototypes: */
			/** Transmits a given NUL terminated string located in program space (FLASH) through the USART.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] FlashStringPtr  Pointer to a string located in program space.
			 */
			void Serial_SendString_P(const char* FlashStringPtr) ATTR_NON_NULL_PTR_ARG(1);

			/** Transmits a given NUL terminated string located in SRAM memory through the USART.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] StringPtr  Pointer to a string located in SRAM space.
			 */
			void Serial_SendString(const char* StringPtr) ATTR_NON_NULL_PTR_ARG(1);

			/** Transmits a given buffer located in SRAM memory through the USART.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] Buffer  Pointer to a buffer containing the data to send.
			 *  \param[in] Length  Length of the data to send, in bytes.
			 */
			void Serial_SendData(const void* Buffer, uint16_t Length) ATTR_NON_NULL_PTR_ARG(1);

			/** Creates a standard character stream from the USART so that it can be used with all the regular functions
			 *  in the avr-libc \c <stdio.h> library that accept a \c FILE stream as a destination (e.g. \c fprintf). The created
			 *  stream is bidirectional and can be used for both input and output functions.
			 *
			 *  Reading data from this stream is non-blocking, i.e. in most instances, complete strings cannot be read in by a single
			 *  fetch, as the endpoint will not be ready at some point in the transmission, aborting the transfer. However, this may
			 *  be used when the read data is processed byte-per-bye (via \c getc()) or when the user application will implement its own
			 *  line buffering.
			 *
			 *  \param[in,out] Stream  Pointer to a FILE structure where the created stream should be placed, if \c NULL, \c stdout
			 *                         and \c stdin will be configured to use the USART.
			 *
			 *  \pre The USART must first be configured via a call to \ref Serial_Init() before the stream is used.
			 */
			void Serial_CreateStream(FILE* Stream);

			/** Identical to \ref Serial_CreateStream(), except that reads are blocking until the calling stream function terminates
			 *  the transfer.
			 *
			 *  \param[in,out] Stream  Pointer to a FILE structure where the created stream should be placed, if \c NULL, \c stdout
			 *                         and \c stdin will be configured to use the USART.
			 *
			 *  \pre The USART must first be configured via a call to \ref Serial_Init() before the stream is used.
			 */
			void Serial_CreateBlockingStream(FILE* Stream);

		/* Inline Functions: */
			/** Initializes the USART, ready for serial data transmission and reception. This initializes the interface to
			 *  standard 8-bit, no parity, 1 stop bit settings suitable for most applications.
			 *
			 *  \param[in] BaudRate     Serial baud rate, in bits per second. This should be the target baud rate regardless of the
			 *                          \c DoubleSpeed parameter's value.
			 *  \param[in] DoubleSpeed  Enables double speed mode when set, halving the sample time to double the baud rate.
			 */
			static inline void Serial_Init(const uint32_t BaudRate,
			                               const bool DoubleSpeed)
			{
				UBRR1  = (DoubleSpeed ? SERIAL_2X_UBBRVAL(BaudRate) : SERIAL_UBBRVAL(BaudRate));

				UCSR1C = ((1 << UCSZ11) | (1 << UCSZ10));
				UCSR1A = (DoubleSpeed ? (1 << U2X1) : 0);
				UCSR1B = ((1 << TXEN1)  | (1 << RXEN1));

				DDRD  |= (1 << 3);
				PORTD |= (1 << 2);
			}

			/** Turns off the USART driver, disabling and returning used hardware to their default configuration. */
			static inline void Serial_Disable(void)
			{
				UCSR1B = 0;
				UCSR1A = 0;
				UCSR1C = 0;

				UBRR1  = 0;

				DDRD  &= ~(1 << 3);
				PORTD &= ~(1 << 2);
			}

			/** Indicates whether a character has been received through the USART.
			 *
			 *  \return Boolean \c true if a character has been received, \c false otherwise.
			 */
			ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE
			static inline bool Serial_IsCharReceived(void)
			{
				return ((UCSR1A & (1 << RXC1)) ? true : false);
			}

			/** Indicates whether there is hardware buffer space for a new transmit on the USART. This
			 *  function can be used to determine if a call to \ref Serial_SendByte() will block in advance.
			 *
			 *  \return Boolean \c true if a character can be queued for transmission immediately, \c false otherwise.
			 */
			ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE
			static inline bool Serial_IsSendReady(void)
			{
				return ((UCSR1A & (1 << UDRE1)) ? true : false);
			}

			/** Indicates whether the hardware USART transmit buffer is completely empty, indicating all
			 *  pending transmissions have completed.
			 *
			 *  \return Boolean \c true if no characters are buffered for transmission, \c false otherwise.
			 */
			ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE
			static inline bool Serial_IsSendComplete(void)
			{
				return ((UCSR1A & (1 << TXC1)) ? true : false);
			}

			/** Transmits a given byte through the USART.
			 *
			 *  \note If no buffer space is available in the hardware USART, this function will block. To check if
			 *        space is available before calling this function, see \ref Serial_IsSendReady().
			 *
			 *  \param[in] DataByte  Byte to transmit through the USART.
			 */
			ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE
			static inline void Serial_SendByte(const char DataByte)
			{
				while (!(Serial_IsSendReady()));
				UDR1 = DataByte;
			}

			/** Receives the next byte from the USART.
			 *
			 *  \return Next byte received from the USART, or a negative value if no byte has been received.
			 */
			ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE
			static inline int16_t Serial_ReceiveByte(void)
			{
				if (!(Serial_IsCharReceived()))
				  return -1;

				return UDR1;
			}

	/* Disable C linkage for C++ Compilers: */
		#if defined(__cplusplus)
			}
		#endif

#endif

/** @} */

