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# Zilch (electromagnetism) In physics, zilch (or zilches) is a set of ten conserved quantities of the source-free electromagnetic field, which were discovered by Daniel M. Lipkin in 1964. The name refers to the fact that the zilches are only conserved in regions free of electric charge, and therefore have limited physical significance. One of the conserved quantities (Lipkin's {\displaystyle Z^{0}}) has an intuitive physical interpretation and is also known as optical chirality. In particular, first, Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}Z^{0}&=\mathbf {E} \cdot \nabla \times \mathbf {E} +\mathbf {B} \cdot \nabla \times \mathbf {B} \\\mathbf {Z} &={\frac {1}{c}}\left(\mathbf {E} \times {\frac {d}{dt}}\mathbf {E} +\mathbf {B} \times {\frac {d}{dt}}\mathbf {B} \right)\end{aligned}}} ## Optical chirality The free Maxwell equations imply that {\displaystyle \partial _{0}Z^{0}+\nabla \cdot \mathbf {Z} =0}. The precedent equation implies that the quantity {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} is constant. This time-independent quantity is one of the ten zilches discovered by Lipkin. Nowadays, the quantity {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} is widely known as optical chirality (up to a factor of 1/2). The quantity {\displaystyle {Z}^{0}} is the spatial density of optical chirality, while {\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} } is the optical chirality flux. Generalizing the aforementioned differential conservation law for {\displaystyle Z^{0}}, Lipkin found other nine conservation laws, all unrelated to the stress–energy tensor. He collectively named these ten conserved quantities the zilch (nowadays, they are also called the zilches) because of the apparent lack of physical significance. ## Properties of zilch tensor The zilch is often described in terms of the zilch tensor, {\displaystyle Z_{\nu \rho }^{\mu }}. The latter can be expressed using the dual electromagnetic tensor {\displaystyle {\hat {F}}^{\mu \nu }=(1/2)\epsilon ^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma }F_{\rho \sigma }} as {\displaystyle Z_{\nu \rho }^{\mu }={\hat {F}}^{\mu \lambda }F_{\lambda \nu ,\rho }-F^{\mu \lambda }{\hat {F}}_{\lambda \nu ,\rho }}. The zilch tensor is symmetric under the exchange of its first two indices, {\displaystyle \mu } and {\displaystyle \nu }, while it is also traceless with respect to any two indices, as well as divergence-free with respect to any index. The conservation law {\displaystyle \partial _{\rho }Z^{\mu \nu \rho }=0} means that the following ten quantities are time-independent: {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{\mu \nu 0}=\int d^{3}xZ^{\nu \mu 0}.} These are the ten zilches (or just the zilch) discovered by Lipkin. In fact, only nine zilches are independent. The time-independent quantity {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{000}} is known as the 00-zilch and is equal to the aforementioned optical chirality {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} ({\displaystyle Z^{000}=Z^{0}}). In general, the time-independent quantity {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{\mu \nu 0}} is known as the {\displaystyle \mu \nu }-zilch (the indices {\displaystyle \mu ,\nu } run from 0 to 3) and it is clear that there are ten such quantities (nine independent). It was later demonstrated that Lipkin's zilch is part of an infinite number of zilch-like conserved quantities, a general property of free fields. ## History One of the zilches has been rediscovered. This is the zilch called "optical chirality", named by Tang and Cohen, since this zilch determines the degree of chiral asymmetry in the rate of excitation of a small chiral molecule by an incident electromagnetic field. A further physical insight of optical chirality was offered in 2012; optical chirality is to the curl or time derivative of the electromagnetic field, what helicity, spin and related quantities are to the electromagnetic field itself. The physical interpretation of all zilches for topologically non-trivial electromagnetic fields was investigated in 2018. Since the discovery of the ten zilches in 1964, there is an important open mathematical question concerning their relation with symmetries. (Recently, the full answer to this question seems to have been found ). This is the question: What are the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action functional: {\displaystyle S[A_{\mu }]=-{\frac {1}{4}}\int d^{4}xF_{\mu \nu }F^{\mu \nu }} (with {\displaystyle F_{\mu \nu }=\partial _{\mu }A_{\nu }-\partial _{\nu }A_{\mu }} and {\displaystyle A_{\mu }} is the dynamical field variable) that give rise to the conservation of all zilches using Noether's theorem. Until recently, the answer to this question had been given only for the case of optical chirality by Philbin in 2013. This open question was also emphasized by Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist in 2020, while these authors found the symmetries of the duality-symmetric Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches. (Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist did not find the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action, but they speculated that such symmetries should exist ). There are also earlier works studying the conservation of zilch in the context of duality-symmetric electromagnetism, but the variational character of the corresponding symmetries was not established. The full answer to the aforementioned question seems to have been given for the first time in 2022, where the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches were found. According to this work, there is a hidden invariance algebra of free Maxwell equations in potential form that is related to the conservation of all zilches.	enwiki/55040125	enwiki	55,040,125	Zilch (electromagnetism)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilch_(electromagnetism)	2024-09-05T23:25:04Z	en	Q48996966	90,879	{{Short description\|Physics term; a conserved quantity of the electromagnetic field}} {{Tone\|date=July 2023}} In [[physics]], '''zilch''' (or zilches) is a set of ten [[conserved quantities]] of the source-free [[electromagnetic field]], which were discovered by Daniel M. Lipkin in 1964.<ref name="Lipkin"/> The name refers to the fact that the zilches are only conserved in regions free of [[electric charge]], and therefore have limited physical significance. One of the conserved quantities (Lipkin's <math>Z^0</math>) has an intuitive physical interpretation and is also known as '''optical chirality'''. In particular, first, Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities : <math> \begin{align} Z^0 & = \mathbf{E}\cdot \nabla \times\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{B} \cdot \nabla \times\mathbf{B} \\ \mathbf{Z} & = \frac{1}{c}\left ( \mathbf{E}\times\frac{d}{dt}\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{B} \times\frac{d}{dt} \mathbf{B} \right ) \end{align} </math> == Optical chirality == The free [[Maxwell equations]] imply that <math>\partial_0 Z^0 + \nabla \cdot \mathbf{Z} = 0</math>. The precedent equation implies that the quantity <math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> is constant. This time-independent quantity is one of the ten zilches discovered by Lipkin. Nowadays, the quantity <math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> is widely known as '''optical chirality''' (up to a factor of 1/2).<ref name="Tang">{{cite journal \|last1=Tang \|first1=Y. \|last2=Cohen \|first2=A.E. \|date=2010 \|title=Optical Chirality and Its Interaction with Matter \|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] \|volume=104 \|issue=16 \|pages=163901–1–4 \|bibcode=2010PhRvL.104p3901T \|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.163901 \|pmid=20482049}}</ref> The quantity <math>{Z}^{0}</math> is the '''spatial density''' of optical chirality, while <math>\mathbf{Z}</math> is the '''optical chirality flux'''.<ref name="Tang" /> Generalizing the aforementioned differential conservation law for <math>Z^0</math>, Lipkin found other nine conservation laws, all unrelated to the [[stress–energy tensor]]. He collectively named these ten conserved quantities the zilch (nowadays, they are also called the zilches<ref name="Smith">{{cite journal \| last1 = Smith \| first1 = G \| last2 = Strange \| first2 = P \| date = 2018 \| title = Lipkin's conservation law in vacuum electromagnetic fields \| journal = Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical \| volume = 51 \| issue = 43 \| pages = 435204 \| doi = 10.1088/1751-8121/aae15f \| bibcode = 2018JPhA...51Q5204S \| s2cid = 125795220 \| url = https://kar.kent.ac.uk/69293/2/zilch3.pdf }}</ref>) because of the apparent lack of physical significance.<ref name="Lipkin">{{cite journal \| last = Lipkin \| first = D.M. \| date = 1964 \| title = Existence of a New Conservation Law in Electromagnetic Theory \| journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] \| volume = 5 \| issue = 696 \| pages = 696–700 \| doi = 10.1063/1.1704165 \| bibcode = 1964JMP.....5..696L }}</ref><ref>Wheeler, N.A. [http://www.reed.edu/physics/faculty/wheeler/documents/Electrodynamics/Class%20Notes/Chapter%203.pdf Classical electrodynamics course notes]. Reed College. 1980/81. p. 241-245 </ref> == Properties of zilch tensor == The zilch is often described in terms of the zilch tensor, <math>Z^\mu_{\nu\rho}</math>. The latter can be expressed using the [[dual (mathematics)\|dual]] [[electromagnetic tensor]] <math>\hat{F}^{\mu\nu}=(1/2)\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}F_{\rho\sigma}</math> as <math>Z^\mu_{\nu\rho} = \hat{F}^{\mu\lambda}F_{\lambda\nu,\rho} - F^{\mu\lambda} \hat{F}_{\lambda\nu,\rho}</math>.<ref name="kibble">{{cite journal \| last = Kibble \| first = T.W.B. \| date = 1965 \| title = Conservation Laws for Free Fields \| journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] \| volume = 6 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 1022–1026 \| doi = 10.1063/1.1704363 \| bibcode = 1965JMP.....6.1022K }}</ref> The zilch tensor is symmetric under the exchange of its first two [[Indices (maths)\|indices]], <math>\mu</math> and <math>\nu</math>, while it is also [[Trace (linear algebra)\|traceless]] with respect to any two indices, as well as [[divergence-free]] with respect to any index.<ref name="kibble" /> The conservation law <math>\partial_{\rho}Z^{\mu \nu \rho}=0</math> means that the following ten quantities are time-independent: :<math> \int d^{3}x Z^{\mu \nu 0}=\int d^{3}x Z^{\nu \mu 0}. </math> :These are the ten zilches (or just the zilch) discovered by Lipkin.<ref name="Lipkin" /> In fact, only nine zilches are independent.<ref name="kibble" /> :The time-independent quantity <math>\int d^{3}x Z^{000}</math> is known as the 00-zilch <ref name="Lipkin" /> and is equal to the aforementioned '''optical chirality''' :<math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> (<math> Z^{000}=Z^{0}</math>). :In general, the time-independent quantity <math>\int d^{3}x Z^{\mu \nu 0}</math> is known as the <math>\mu \nu</math>-zilch <ref name="Lipkin" /> (the indices <math>\mu, \nu</math> run from 0 to 3) and it is clear that there are ten such quantities (nine independent). It was later demonstrated that Lipkin's zilch is part of an infinite number of zilch-like conserved quantities, a general property of free [[Field_(physics)\|fields]].<ref name=kibble/> == History == One of the zilches has been rediscovered. This is the zilch called "optical chirality", named by Tang and Cohen, since this zilch determines the degree of chiral asymmetry in the rate of excitation of a small chiral molecule by an incident electromagnetic field.<ref name=Tang/> A further physical insight of optical chirality was offered in 2012; optical chirality is to the curl or time derivative of the electromagnetic field, what helicity, spin and related quantities are to the electromagnetic field itself.<ref>{{cite journal \| last1 = Cameron \| first1 = R. P. \| last2 = Barnett \| first2 = Stephen M. \| last3 = Yao \| first3 = Alison M \| date = 2012 \| title = Optical helicity, optical spin and related quantities in electromagnetic theory \| journal = New Journal of Physics \| volume = 14 \| issue = 5 \| pages = 053050 \| doi = 10.1088/1367-2630/14/5/053050 \| bibcode = 2012NJPh...14e3050C \| s2cid = 54593793 \| doi-access= free }}</ref> The physical interpretation of all zilches for topologically non-trivial electromagnetic fields was investigated in 2018.<ref name=Smith/> Since the discovery of the ten zilches in 1964, there is an important open mathematical question concerning their relation with symmetries. (Recently, the full answer to this question seems to have been found <ref name=Letsios/>). This is the question: What are the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action functional: <math>S[A_{\mu}]= -\frac{1}{4} \int d^{4}x F_{\mu \nu}F^{\mu \nu}</math> (with <math>F_{\mu \nu}=\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu} - \partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}</math> and <math>A_{\mu}</math> is the dynamical field variable) that give rise to the conservation of all zilches using [[Noether's theorem]]. Until recently, the answer to this question had been given only for the case of optical chirality by Philbin in 2013.<ref>{{cite journal \| last1 = Philbin \| first1 = T.G. \| date = 2013 \| title = Lipkin's conservation law, Noether's theorem, and the relation to optical helicity \| journal = [[Phys. Rev. A]] \| volume = 87 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 043843 \| doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043843 \| arxiv = 1303.0687 \| bibcode = 2013PhRvA..87d3843P \| doi-access= free }}</ref> This open question was also emphasized by Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist in 2020,<ref name="Aghapour">{{cite journal \| last1 = Aghapour \| first1 = Sajad \| last2 = Andersson \| first2 = Lars \| last3 = Rosquist \| first3 = Kjell \| date = 2020 \| title = The zilch electromagnetic conservation law revisited \| journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] \| volume = 61 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 122902 \| doi = 10.1063/1.5126487 \| arxiv = 1904.08639 \| bibcode = 2020JMP....61l2902A \| doi-access= free }}</ref> while these authors found the symmetries of the duality-symmetric Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches. (Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist did not find the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action, but they speculated that such symmetries should exist <ref name="Aghapour" />). There are also earlier works studying the conservation of zilch in the context of duality-symmetric electromagnetism,<ref>{{cite journal \| last1 = Cameron \| first1 = R.P. \| last2 = Barnett \| first2 = S.M. \| date = 2012 \| title = Electric–magnetic symmetry and Noether's theorem \| journal = [[New Journal of Physics]] \| volume = 14 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 123019 \| doi = 10.1088/1367-2630/14/12/123019 \| bibcode = 2012NJPh...14l3019C \| doi-access= free }}</ref> but the variational character of the corresponding symmetries was not established. The full answer to the aforementioned question seems to have been given for the first time in 2022,<ref name=Letsios>{{cite journal \| last1 = A. Letsios \| first1 = V. \| date = 2022 \|arxiv= 2211.06798v1 \| title = Continuity equations for all Lipkin's zilches from symmetries of the standard electromagnetic action and Noether's theorem }}</ref> where the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches were found. According to this work, there is a hidden invariance algebra of free Maxwell equations in potential form that is related to the conservation of all zilches. ==See also== * [[Conservation law]] * [[Noether's theorem]] ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Electromagnetism]] [[Category:Conservation laws]] [[Category:Chirality]]	1,244,252,280	[]	true
# 7 for All Mankind 7 For All Mankind (often referred to simply as 7FAM) is an American denim brand founded by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan in 2000 and headquartered in Vernon, California. It was purchased by the VF Corporation in 2007 and sold to Delta Galil Industries in 2016. 7 For All Mankind jeans are characteristically tight-fitting and mid-rise. ## History 7 for All Mankind began by designing women's jeans. A men's jeans line was introduced in fall 2002, and its Children Denim Collection in fall 2005. The brand is sold in over 80 countries including Europe, Canada, and Japan. Dahan and Glasser, denim designers who had worked in the apparel industry for years, created the company in response to what they saw as a void in the contemporary denim market. Focusing on female denim wearers, it has been stated that the company was successful because of the fit, fabrics, washes, attention to detail, and the logo on the product's back pockets. 7 For All Mankind's proximity to Los Angeles makes the brand popular with celebrities, including Prince Harry.	enwiki/1926863	enwiki	1,926,863	7 for All Mankind	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_for_All_Mankind	2025-06-27T23:06:52Z	en	Q270013	19,453	{{short description\|American denim brand}} {{Infobox company \| name = 7 for All Mankind \| logo = 7 for all mankind.jpg \| type = \| industry = Clothing \| founder = Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan \| hq_location = [[Vernon, California]] \| hq_location_city = \| key_people = \| brands = \| num_employees = \| website = {{url\|https://7forallmankind.com/}} }} '''7 For All Mankind''' (often referred to simply as '''7FAM''') is an American [[denim]] brand founded by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan in 2000 and headquartered in [[Vernon, California]].<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-mar-11-fi-seven11-story.html Vernon Jeans Maker Sells 50% Stake to Raise Cash]</ref> It was purchased by the [[VF Corporation]] in 2007 and sold to [[Delta Galil Industries]] in 2016. 7 For All Mankind jeans are characteristically tight-fitting and mid-rise.<ref>Jeans' genes part of price tag formula, ''[[Contra Costa Times]]'', November 8, 2006, Business and Financial section.</ref> ==History== 7 for All Mankind began by designing women's jeans. A men's jeans line was introduced in fall 2002, and its Children Denim Collection in fall 2005. The brand is sold in over 80 countries including [[Europe]], [[Canada]], and [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite web \| title=7 for All Mankind: About Us \| url=http://www.7forallmankind.com/about_us.html \| access-date=2007-01-03 \| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070103014835/http://www.7forallmankind.com/about_us.html\| archive-date= 3 January 2007 \| url-status= live}}</ref> Dahan and Glasser, denim designers who had worked in the [[apparel industry]] for years, created the company in response to what they saw as a void in the contemporary denim market. Focusing on female denim wearers, it has been stated that the company was successful because of the fit, [[fabric]]s, washes, attention to detail, and the [[logo]] on the product's back pockets.<ref name="ReferenceA">Denim has legs, ''[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]]'', October 5, 2005</ref> 7 For All Mankind's proximity to Los Angeles makes the brand popular with celebrities,<ref>Haute List, ''[[The New York Post]]'', April 26, 2007</ref> including [[Prince Harry]].<ref>[http://www.denimblog.com/2012/06/prince-harry-in-7-for-all-mankind-jeans/ denimblog.com] June 2012</ref> [[File:Seven For All Mankind logo.jpg\|thumb\|7 For All Mankind's Signature pocket stitching]] ==See also== [[List of denim jeans brands]] ==References== <references/> ==External links== [http://www.7forallmankind.com/ Official site] {{DEFAULTSORT:7 For All Mankind}} [[Category:Companies based in Los Angeles]] [[Category:Retail companies established in 2000]] [[Category:Clothing brands of the United States]] [[Category:2000s fashion]] [[Category:2010s fashion]] [[Category:Jeans by brand]] [[Category:2000 establishments in California]] [[Category:Retail companies based in California]]	1,297,700,764	[{"title": "7 for All Mankind", "data": {"Industry": "Clothing", "Founder": "Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan", "Headquarters": "Vernon, California", "Website": "7forallmankind.com"}}]	false
# Čechy (Přerov District) Čechy is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. Čechy lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Přerov, 28 km (17 mi) south-east of Olomouc, and 236 km (147 mi) east of Prague. ## Demographics \| Year \| Pop. \| ±% \| \| ---------------- \| ---- \| ------ \| \| 1869 \| 372 \| — \| \| 1880 \| 366 \| −1.6% \| \| 1890 \| 390 \| +6.6% \| \| 1900 \| 441 \| +13.1% \| \| 1910 \| 489 \| +10.9% \| \| 1921 \| 468 \| −4.3% \| \| 1930 \| 478 \| +2.1% \| \| 1950 \| 384 \| −19.7% \| \| 1961 \| 439 \| +14.3% \| \| 1970 \| 411 \| −6.4% \| \| 1980 \| 405 \| −1.5% \| \| 1991 \| 344 \| −15.1% \| \| 2001 \| 331 \| −3.8% \| \| 2011 \| 325 \| −1.8% \| \| 2021 \| 286 \| −12.0% \| \| Source: Censuses \| \| \|	enwiki/23858806	enwiki	23,858,806	Čechy (Přerov District)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cechy_(P%C5%99erov_District)	2025-06-09T08:24:25Z	en	Q338169	69,154	{{Infobox settlement \| name = Čechy \| other_name = \| settlement_type = [[Obec\|Municipality]] <!-- images --> \| image_skyline = Čechy (PR), zvonice.JPG \| image_caption = Belfry in the centre of Čechy \| image_flag = Čechy PR flag.gif \| image_shield = Čechy_PR_znak.png <!-- location --> \| subdivision_type = Country \| subdivision_name = {{CZE}} \| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic\|Region]] \| subdivision_name1 = [[Olomouc Region\|Olomouc]] \| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic\|District]] \| subdivision_name2 = [[Přerov District\|Přerov]] <!-- maps and coordinates --> \| image_map = \| map_caption = \| pushpin_map = Czech Republic \| pushpin_relief = 1 \| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic \| coordinates = {{coord\|49\|25\|45\|N\|17\|32\|4\|E\|display=inline,title}} \| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- government type, leaders --> \| leader_title = \| leader_name = <!-- established --> \| established_title = First mentioned \| established_date = 1358 <!-- area --> \| area_footnotes = \| area_total_km2 = 4.55 <!-- elevation --> \| elevation_footnotes = \| elevation_m = 226 <!-- population --> \| population_as_of = 2025-01-01 \| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web\|title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2025\|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/population-of-municipalities-t4l3n8d2iw\|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]\|date=2025-05-16}}</ref> \| population_total = 332 \| population_density_km2 = auto <!-- time zone(s) --> \| timezone1 = [[Central European Time\|CET]] \| utc_offset1 = +1 \| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time\|CEST]] \| utc_offset1_DST = +2 <!-- postal codes, area code --> \| postal_code_type = Postal code \| postal_code = 751 15 \| area_code_type = \| area_code = <!-- website, footnotes --> \| website = {{URL\|https://www.cechyobec.cz/}} \| footnotes = }} '''Čechy''' is a municipality and village in [[Přerov District]] in the [[Olomouc Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 300 inhabitants. Čechy lies approximately {{convert\|7\|km\|mi\|0}} south-east of [[Přerov]], {{convert\|28\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} south-east of [[Olomouc]], and {{convert\|236\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} east of [[Prague]]. ==Demographics== {{historical populations \|align=none\|cols=1 \|1869\|372 \|1880\|366 \|1890\|390 \|1900\|441 \|1910\|489 \|1921\|468 \|1930\|478 \|1950\|384 \|1961\|439 \|1970\|411 \|1980\|405 \|1991\|344 \|2001\|331 \|2011\|325 \|2021\|286 \|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web \|title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011\|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015\|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]\|language=cs\|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex\|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK\|work=Public Database\|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]\|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category\|Čechy (Přerov District)}} *{{official\|https://www.cechyobec.cz/}} {{Přerov District}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cechy}} [[Category:Villages in Přerov District]] {{Olomouc-geo-stub}}	1,294,698,557	[{"title": "\u010cechy", "data": {"Country": "Czech Republic", "Region": "Olomouc", "District": "P\u0159erov", "First mentioned": "1358"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "4.55 km2 (1.76 sq mi)", "Elevation": "226 m (741 ft)"}}, {"title": "Population (2025-01-01)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "332", "\u2022 Density": "73/km2 (190/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC+1 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+2 (CEST)", "Postal code": "751 15", "Website": "www.cechyobec.cz"}}]	false
# Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship The Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship is a Motorcycle speedway championship held each year to determine the Slovenian national champion. It was first staged in 1978. Matej Žagar holds the record, winning 18 championships. ## Winners \| Year \| Winner \| 2nd \| 3rd \| \| 1978 \| Stefan Kekec \| \| \| \| 1979 \| Jože Mavsar \| \| \| \| 1980 \| Stefan Kekec \| \| \| \| 1981 \| Stefan Kekec \| \| \| \| 1982 \| Stefan Kekec \| \| \| \| 1983 \| Joze Zibert \| \| \| \| 1984 \| Krešo Omerzel \| \| \| \| 1985 \| Franc Zagar \| \| \| \| 1986 \| Arthur Horvat \| \| \| \| 1987 \| Arthur Horvat \| \| \| \| 1988 \| Zvonko Pavlic \| \| \| \| 1989 \| Martin Peterca \| \| \| \| 1990 \| Gregor Pintar \| \| \| \| 1991 \| Gregor Pintar \| Roman Spitaler \| Gerhard Lekse \| \| 1992 \| Gregor Pintar \| Martin Peterca \| Krešo Omerzel \| \| 1993 \| Krešo Omerzel \| Martin Peterca \| Gerhard Lekse \| \| 1994 \| Gerhard Lekse \| Martin Peterca \| Roman Spitaler \| \| 1995 \| Gregor Pintar \| Martin Peterca \| Izak Šantej \| \| 1996 \| Gregor Pintar \| Krešo Omerzel \| Gerhard Lekse \| \| 1997 \| Matej Ferjan \| Izak Šantej \| Gerhard Lekse \| \| 1998 \| Matej Ferjan \| Izak Šantej \| Martin Peterca \| \| 1999 \| Matej Ferjan \| Izak Šantej \| Thomas Sustersic \| \| 2000 \| Matej Ferjan \| Izak Šantej \| Thomas Sustersic \| \| 2001 \| Matej Ferjan \| Izak Šantej \| Jernej Kolenko \| \| 2002 \| Matej Žagar \| Izak Šantej \| Jernej Kolenko \| \| 2003 \| Matej Žagar \| Izak Šantej \| Jernej Kolenko \| \| 2004 \| Matej Žagar \| Izak Šantej \| Denis Štojs \| \| 2005 \| Matej Žagar \| Jernej Kolenko \| Ales Kraljic \| \| 2006 \| Matej Žagar \| Izak Šantej \| Jernej Kolenko \| \| 2007 \| Matej Žagar \| Jernej Kolenko \| Izak Šantej \| \| 2008 \| Matej Žagar \| Izak Šantej \| Denis Štojs \| \| 2009 \| Matej Žagar \| Maks Gregorič \| Aleksander Čonda \| \| 2010 \| Matej Žagar \| Aleksander Čonda \| Ales Kraljic \| \| 2011 \| Matej Žagar \| Only Kukovic \| Aleksander Čonda \| \| 2012 \| Matej Žagar \| Maks Gregorič \| Aleksander Čonda \| \| 2013 \| Matej Žagar \| Aleksander Čonda \| Matic Voldrih \| \| 2014 \| Matej Žagar \| Maks Gregorič \| Matic Voldrih \| \| 2015 \| Matej Žagar \| Aleksander Čonda \| Maks Gregoric \| \| 2016 \| Matej Žagar \| Nick Škorja \| Denis Štojs \| \| 2017 \| Matej Žagar \| Nick Škorja \| Denis Štojs \| \| 2018 \| Matej Žagar \| Matic Ivačič \| Nick Škorja \| \| 2019 \| Matej Žagar \| Matic Ivačič \| Denis Štojs \| \| 2020 \| Matic Ivačič \| Nick Škorja \| Anže Grmek \| \| 2021 \| Matic Ivačič \| Anže Grmek \| Nick Škorja \| \| 2022 \| Matic Ivačič \| Nick Škorja \| Anže Grmek \| \| 2023 \| Matic Ivačič \| Anže Grmek \| Julian Kuny \|	enwiki/72740830	enwiki	72,740,830	Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_Individual_Speedway_Championship	2025-05-02T14:05:32Z	en	Q116457212	64,112	{{Short description\|Motorcycle speedway championship}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2023}} {{Use British English\|date=November 2023}} {{Infobox Sports league \| title = Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship \| current_season = \| logo = \| pixels = \| caption = \| sport = [[Motorcycle speedway]] \| founded = 1978 \| most_champs = [[Matej Žagar]] (18)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://wwosbackup.proboards.com/thread/952/matej-zagar \|title=Matej Zagar \|website=WWOS backup \|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> }} The '''Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship''' is a [[Motorcycle speedway]] championship held each year to determine the Slovenian national champion. It was first staged in 1978.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.historyspeedway.nstrefa.pl/indmslowenii.php \|title=Individual Slovenian Championship \|website=Historia Sportu Zuzlowego \|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://speedwayfansite.com/champs/sloim.html \|title=Individual Championship of Slovenia \|website=Speedway Fansite \|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> [[Matej Žagar]] holds the record, winning 18 championships.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://britishspeedway.co.uk/player/zagar-matej/ \|title=ŽAGAR, MATEJ \|website=British Speedway\|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> ==Winners== {\| class="wikitable" \|- align=center \|width=40px {{Speedway color\|4}} \|'''Year''' \|width=300px {{Speedway color\|P1}}\|'''Winner''' \|width=300px {{Speedway color\|P2}}\|2nd \|width=300px {{Speedway color\|P3}}\|3rd \|- \|align=center\|1978\|\|[[Stefan Kekec]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1979\|\|[[Jože Mavsar]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1980\|\|[[Stefan Kekec]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1981\|\|[[Stefan Kekec]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1982\|\|[[Stefan Kekec]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1983\|\|[[Joze Zibert]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1984\|\|[[Krešo Omerzel]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1985\|\|[[Franc Zagar]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1986\|\|[[Arthur Horvat]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1987\|\|[[Arthur Horvat]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1988\|\|[[Zvonko Pavlic]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1989\|\|[[Martin Peterca]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1990\|\|[[Gregor Pintar]] \|\| \|\| \|- \|align=center\|1991\|\|[[Gregor Pintar]] \|\| [[Roman Spitaler]] \|\| [[Gerhard Lekse]] \|- \|align=center\|1992\|\|[[Gregor Pintar]] \|\| [[Martin Peterca]] \|\| [[Krešo Omerzel]] \|- \|align=center\|1993\|\|[[Krešo Omerzel]] \|\| [[Martin Peterca]] \|\| [[Gerhard Lekse]] \|- \|align=center\|1994\|\|[[Gerhard Lekse]] \|\| [[Martin Peterca]] \|\| [[Roman Spitaler]] \|- \|align=center\|1995\|\|[[Gregor Pintar]] \|\| [[Martin Peterca]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|- \|align=center\|1996\|\|[[Gregor Pintar]] \|\| [[Krešo Omerzel]] \|\| [[Gerhard Lekse]] \|- \|align=center\|1997\|\|[[Matej Ferjan]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Gerhard Lekse]] \|- \|align=center\|1998\|\|[[Matej Ferjan]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Martin Peterca]] \|- \|align=center\|1999\|\|[[Matej Ferjan]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Thomas Sustersic]] \|- \|align=center\|2000\|\|[[Matej Ferjan]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Thomas Sustersic]] \|- \|align=center\|2001\|\|[[Matej Ferjan]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|- \|align=center\|2002\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|- \|align=center\|2003\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|- \|align=center\|2004\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Denis Štojs]] \|- \|align=center\|2005\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|\| [[Ales Kraljic]] \|- \|align=center\|2006\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|- \|align=center\|2007\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Jernej Kolenko]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|- \|align=center\|2008\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Izak Šantej]] \|\| [[Denis Štojs]] \|- \|align=center\|2009\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Maks Gregorič]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|- \|align=center\|2010\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|\| [[Ales Kraljic]] \|- \|align=center\|2011\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Only Kukovic]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|- \|align=center\|2012\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Maks Gregorič]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|- \|align=center\|2013\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|\| [[Matic Voldrih]] \|- \|align=center\|2014\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Maks Gregorič]] \|\| [[Matic Voldrih]] \|- \|align=center\|2015\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Aleksander Čonda]] \|\| [[Maks Gregoric]] \|- \|align=center\|2016\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|\| [[Denis Štojs]] \|- \|align=center\|2017\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|\| [[Denis Štojs]] \|- \|align=center\|2018\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Matic Ivačič]] \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|- \|align=center\|2019\|\|[[Matej Žagar]] \|\| [[Matic Ivačič]] \|\| [[Denis Štojs]] \|- \|align=center\|2020\|\|[[Matic Ivačič]] \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|\| [[Anže Grmek]] \|- \|align=center\|2021\|\|[[Matic Ivačič]] \|\| [[Anže Grmek]] \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|- \|align=center\|2022\|\|[[Matic Ivačič]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://fimspeedway.com/news/slovenias-ivacic-handed-smederna-spot \|title=SLOVENIA'S IVACIC HANDED SMEDERNA SPOT \|website=FIM \|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> \|\| [[Nick Škorja]] \|\| [[Anže Grmek]] \|- \|align=center\|2023\|\|[[Matic Ivačič]] \|\| [[Anže Grmek]] \|\| [[Julian Kuny]] \|} ==See also== [[Slovenia national speedway team]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{International speedway}} [[Category:National speedway championships\|Slovenia]]	1,288,417,502	[{"title": "Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship", "data": {"Sport": "Motorcycle speedway", "Founded": "1978", "Most titles": "Matej \u017dagar (18)"}}]	false
# Ada Herefords The Ada Herefords was a minor league baseball team based in Ada, Oklahoma. From 1947 to 1954, the Herefords played exclusively as a member of the Class D level Sooner State League, winning the league pennant in 1950. The Herefords were a minor league affiliate of the St. Louis Browns from 1947 to 1953 and remained an affiliate when St. Louis relocated to become the Baltimore Orioles in 1954. Ada Hosted minor league home games at Hereford Park. ## History Minor league baseball began in Ada, Oklahoma with the 1947 Ada Herefords. The Ada Herefords were charter members of the six–team Sooner State League in 1947, joining the Ardmore Indians, Duncan Cementers, Lawton Giants, McAlester Rockets and Seminole Oilers in league play. In their first season of play, the 1947 Ada Herefords placed 2nd in the Sooner State League with an 86–51 record in the regular season, playing as an affiliate of the St. Louis Browns. They would remain an affiliate of the Browns franchise throughout their existence. Ada finished 10.5 games behind the 1st place Lawton Giants, while playing the season under manager Uke Clanton. In the 1947 playoffs, the McAlester Rockets defeated the Ada Herefords 3 games to 2. Paul Richardville of Ada led the Sooner State League with 11 home runs and 111 RBI, while Forest Smith led the league with 23 wins and a 2.47 ERA and William Donaghey led the league with 244 strikeouts. The Ada home season attendance was 41,872, an average of 611 per game. The 1948 Sooner State League expanded to eight teams. Ada finished with a 63–76 record, placing 5th in the 1948 Sooner State League regular season standings, playing under returning manager Uke Clanton. The Herefords did not qualify for the playoffs, finishing the season 28.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets. The Sooner State League expanded from six–teams to eight–teams, adding the Chickasha Chiefs and Pauls Valley Raiders as expansion teams. The Ada season attendance in 1948 was 27,050. The Ada Herefords made the Sooner State League playoffs in 1949. Ada finished with a 69–70 record and in 4th place in the regular season standings, finishing 18.5 games behind the 1st place Pauls Valley Raiders, playing under manager Bill Krueger. In the playoffs, the Pauls Valley Raiders defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Ada player Bill Milligan led the Sooner State League with 23 home runs. Season attendance at Hereford Park was 33,525. In 1950, Ada captured the Sooner State League pennant, playing under returning manager Bill Krueger. The Ada Herefords finished the regular season in first place 1st with a 96–41 record, ending the season 5.5 games ahead of 2nd place McAlester Rockets. In the 1950 playoffs, the Ardmore Indians defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Stephen Molinari of Ava led the Sooner State League with 39 home runs and 163 RBI, while teammate William Donaghey led the league with 23 wins. Season attendance was 31,981. The 1951 Ada Herefords did not qualify for the Sooner State League playoffs, finishing in 5th place. The Herefords ended with a 54–86 record in the regular season, playing under manager Stan Galle and finishing 45.5 games behind the 1st place Ardmore Indians. Attendance was 12,779, an average of 183 per game. Ada missed the playoffs in 1952, as the Herefords finished in 7th place with a 57–82 record. Former manager Uke Clanton became president of the Sooner State League, a position he would hold for the remainder of the league's play. Playing under managers Bill Enos, Virl Loman and Jim England, the Herefords finished 29.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets in the eight–team league. McAlester drew 38,387 to Hereford Park for the season. The 1953 Ada Herefords advanced to the Sooner State League Finals. Ada finished with an 84–54 record, placing 3rd in the regular season standings. Ada played under manager Louis Browner and finished 7.5 games behind the Ardmore Cardinals. In the 1953 playoffs, Ada had their first and only playoff series victory, as the Ada Herefords defeated the Shawnee Hawks 3 games to 1 in the semi-finals. In the Finals, the McAlester Rockets defeated Ada 4 games to 1 and captured the championship. Ava players Ron Slawski and Bob Norden tied for the Sooner State League lead in home runs with 31 each and teammate J.L. Rhodes led the league with 21 wins. Ada's season attendance was 36,128. Ada played their final minor league season in 1954, changing their moniker to the Ada Cementers in mid–season. The franchise became an affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles, as the St. Louis Browns had relocated to Baltimore in 1954. The 1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers ended the Sooner State League regular season in 6th place with a 64–76 record, playing under managers Louis Brower and John Densmore, finishing 28.0 games behind the Shawnee Hawks. Ada drew 28,482 fans for home games, an average 407 per game in their final minor league season. The Ada minor league franchise permanently folded after the 1954. Fellow league member Pauls Valley Raiders folded also. Ada and Pauls Valley were replaced in the 1955 Sooner State League by the Muskogee Giants and Paris Orioles. Ada, Oklahoma has not hosted another minor league team. ## The ballpark The Ada minor league teams were noted to have played minor league home games at Hereford Park. The ballpark was located at the Pontotoc County fairgrounds on North Broadway Avenue. The field, which was also used as a rodeo arena, had an unusual asymmetrical shape featuring a short right field porch and extremely long third base foul line. The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center, 1710 North Broadway, now stands on the site. ## Timeline \| Year(s) \| # Yrs. \| Team \| Level \| League \| Affiliate \| \| --------- \| ------ \| ------------- \| ------- \| ------------------- \| ----------------- \| \| 1947–1954 \| 8 \| Ada Herefords \| Class D \| Sooner State League \| St. Louis Browns \| \| 1954 \| 0.5 \| Ada Cementers \| Class D \| Sooner State League \| Baltimore Orioles \| ## Season–by–season \| Year \| Record \| Manager \| Finish \| Playoffs/Notes \| \| ---- \| ------ \| ------------------------------------ \| ------ \| ------------------- \| \| 1947 \| 86–51 \| Uke Clanton \| 2nd \| Lost in First Round \| \| 1948 \| 63–76 \| Uke Clanton \| 5th \| Did not qualify \| \| 1949 \| 69–70 \| Bill Krueger \| 4th \| Lost in First Round \| \| 1950 \| 96–41 \| Bill Krueger \| 1st \| Lost in First Round \| \| 1951 \| 54–56 \| Stan Galle \| 5th \| Did not qualify \| \| 1952 \| 57–82 \| Bill Enos / Virl Loman / Jim England \| 7th \| Did not qualify \| \| 1953 \| 84–54 \| Louis Brower \| 3rd \| Lost League Finals \| \| 1954 \| 64–76 \| Louis Brower / John Densmore \| 6th \| Did not qualify \| ## Notable alumni - Louis Brower (1953–1954, MGR) - Uke Clanton (1947–1948, MGR) - Stan Galle (1951, MGR) - Charlie Rabe (1952) - Woody Smith (1949) - Bill Upton (1948) - Jim Walton (1954) - Joe Wood (1947) (son of Smoky Joe Wood) - Ada Herefords players ## External references - Baseball Reference	enwiki/63565708	enwiki	63,565,708	Ada Herefords	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Herefords	2025-05-04T09:43:12Z	en	Q96371454	119,567	{{Use mdy dates\|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox Minor League Baseball \| name =Ada Herefords \| firstseason =1947 \| lastseason =1954 \| allyears = \| city =Ada, Oklahoma \| logo = \| uniformlogo = \| class level =[[Class D (baseball)\|Class D]] (1947–1954) \| league =[[Sooner State League]] (1947–1954) \| majorleague =[[St. Louis Browns]] (1947–1953)<br />[[Baltimore Orioles]] (1954) \| nickname ='''Ada Herefords''' (1947–1954)<br />Ada Cementers (1954) \| ballpark =Hereford Park (1947–1954) \| classnum = \| classchamps = \| leaguenum =0 \| leaguechamps =None \| confnum =1 \| conferencechamps =1950 \| divnum = \| divisionchamps = \| wildcardnum =3 \| wildcardberths ={{hlist\|1947\|1949\|1953}} }} The '''Ada Herefords''' was a [[minor league baseball]] team based in [[Ada, Oklahoma]]. From 1947 to 1954, the Herefords played exclusively as a member of the [[Class D (baseball)\|Class D]] level [[Sooner State League]], winning the league pennant in 1950. The Herefords were a minor league affiliate of the [[St. Louis Browns]] from 1947 to 1953 and remained an affiliate when St. Louis relocated to become the [[Baltimore Orioles]] in 1954. Ada Hosted minor league home games at Hereford Park. ==History== Minor league baseball began in Ada, Oklahoma with the 1947 Ada Herefords. The Ada Herefords were charter members of the six–team [[Sooner State League]] in 1947, joining the [[Ardmore Indians]], [[Duncan Cementers]], [[Lawton Giants]], [[McAlester Rockets]] and [[Seminole Oilers]] in league play.<ref name="encyc">{{cite book \|title=The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball \|editor1=Lloyd Johnson \|editor2=Miles Wolff \|edition=Third \|publisher=[[Baseball America]] \|date=2007 \|isbn=978-1932391176}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web\|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=SO009 \|title=Sooner State League \| The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture \|publisher=Okhistory.org \|date= \|accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=Ada, Oklahoma Encyclopedia\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=25b6ceef\|title=1947 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In their first season of play, the 1947 Ada Herefords placed 2nd in the Sooner State League with an 86–51 record in the regular season, playing as an affiliate of the [[St. Louis Browns]]. They would remain an affiliate of the Browns franchise throughout their existence. Ada finished 10.5 games behind the 1st place Lawton Giants, while playing the season under manager [[Uke Clanton]]. In the 1947 playoffs, the McAlester Rockets defeated the Ada Herefords 3 games to 2. Paul Richardville of Ada led the Sooner State League with 11 home runs and 111 RBI, while Forest Smith led the league with 23 wins and a 2.47 ERA and William Donaghey led the league with 244 strikeouts. The Ada home season attendance was 41,872, an average of 611 per game.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1947\|title=1947 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1947\|title=1947 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1947 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1948 Sooner State League expanded to eight teams. Ada finished with a 63–76 record, placing 5th in the 1948 Sooner State League regular season standings, playing under returning manager Uke Clanton. The Herefords did not qualify for the playoffs, finishing the season 28.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets. The Sooner State League expanded from six–teams to eight–teams, adding the Chickasha Chiefs and [[Pauls Valley Raiders]] as expansion teams. The Ada season attendance in 1948 was 27,050.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1948\|title=1948 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1948\|title=1948 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1948 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Ada Herefords made the Sooner State League playoffs in 1949. Ada finished with a 69–70 record and in 4th place in the regular season standings, finishing 18.5 games behind the 1st place [[Pauls Valley Raiders]], playing under manager Bill Krueger. In the playoffs, the Pauls Valley Raiders defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Ada player Bill Milligan led the Sooner State League with 23 home runs. Season attendance at Hereford Park was 33,525.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1949\|title=1949 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1949\|title=1949 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1949 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=3fdb5e80\|title=1949 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In 1950, Ada captured the Sooner State League pennant, playing under returning manager Bill Krueger. The Ada Herefords finished the regular season in first place 1st with a 96–41 record, ending the season 5.5 games ahead of 2nd place McAlester Rockets.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=fd44a5bd\|title=1950 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In the 1950 playoffs, the Ardmore Indians defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Stephen Molinari of Ava led the Sooner State League with 39 home runs and 163 RBI, while teammate William Donaghey led the league with 23 wins. Season attendance was 31,981.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1950\|title=1950 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1950\|title=1950 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1950 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1951 Ada Herefords did not qualify for the Sooner State League playoffs, finishing in 5th place.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=6571f480\|title=1951 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Herefords ended with a 54–86 record in the regular season, playing under manager [[Stan Galle]] and finishing 45.5 games behind the 1st place Ardmore Indians. Attendance was 12,779, an average of 183 per game.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1951\|title=1951 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1951\|title=1951 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1951 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada missed the playoffs in 1952, as the Herefords finished in 7th place with a 57–82 record.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=a28da7fa\|title=1952 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Former manager Uke Clanton became president of the Sooner State League, a position he would hold for the remainder of the league's play. Playing under managers Bill Enos, Virl Loman and Jim England, the Herefords finished 29.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets in the eight–team league. McAlester drew 38,387 to Hereford Park for the season.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1952\|title=1952 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1952\|title=1952 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1952 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1953 Ada Herefords advanced to the Sooner State League Finals. Ada finished with an 84–54 record, placing 3rd in the regular season standings. Ada played under manager [[Louis Browner]] and finished 7.5 games behind the [[Ardmore Cardinals]]. In the 1953 playoffs, Ada had their first and only playoff series victory, as the Ada Herefords defeated the [[Shawnee Hawks]] 3 games to 1 in the semi-finals. In the Finals, the McAlester Rockets defeated Ada 4 games to 1 and captured the championship. Ava players Ron Slawski and Bob Norden tied for the Sooner State League lead in home runs with 31 each and teammate J.L. Rhodes led the league with 21 wins. Ada's season attendance was 36,128.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1953\|title=1953 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1953\|title=1953 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1953 Ada Herefords Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=4f9ab9a0\|title=1953 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada played their final minor league season in 1954, changing their moniker to the '''Ada Cementers''' in mid–season. The franchise became an affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles, as the St. Louis Browns had relocated to Baltimore in 1954. The 1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers ended the Sooner State League regular season in 6th place with a 64–76 record, playing under managers Louis Brower and John Densmore, finishing 28.0 games behind the [[Shawnee Hawks]]. Ada drew 28,482 fans for home games, an average 407 per game in their final minor league season.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1954\|title=1954 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1954\|title=1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers Roster on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi\|title=1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers Statistics\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=1fbcfdcb\|title=1954 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Ada minor league franchise permanently folded after the 1954. Fellow league member Pauls Valley Raiders folded also. Ada and Pauls Valley were replaced in the 1955 Sooner State League by the [[Muskogee Giants]] and [[Paris Orioles]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=f6ad9e32\|title=1955 Sooner State League\|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada, Oklahoma has not hosted another minor league team.<ref name="auto"/> ==The ballpark== The Ada minor league teams were noted to have played minor league home games at '''Hereford Park'''. The ballpark was located at the Pontotoc County fairgrounds on North Broadway Avenue. The field, which was also used as a rodeo arena, had an unusual asymmetrical shape featuring a short right field porch and extremely long third base foul line. The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center, 1710 North Broadway, now stands on the site.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/ada-evening-news-may-14-1947-p-10/\|title=Advertisement, Seminole Oilers vs. Ada Herefords, Ada Evening News, May 14, 1947, p.10\|website=newspaperarchive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/ada-evening-news-apr-02-1950-p-10/\|title=Outlook Bright for Ada Herefords, Ada Evening News, Apr. 2, 1950, p.10\|website=newspaperarchive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.amazon.com/Baseball-Cross-Timbers-Sooner-League/dp/188559674X/\|title=Peter G. Pierce, Baseball in the Cross Timbers: The Story of the Sooner State League\|website=www.amazon.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-20\|title=Hereford Park in Ada, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com\|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://digitalballparks.com/Browns.html \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606015940/http://www.digitalballparks.com/Browns.html \|url-status=usurped \|archive-date=June 6, 2016 \|title=St. Louis Browns Affiliation Listing of Major League Baseball Stadiums and Minor League Ballparks \|publisher=Digitalballparks.com \|date=2001-08-11 \|accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.pontotoccountyfairada.com/ \|title=Pontotoc County Free Fair \|publisher=Pontotoccountyfairada.com \|date= \|accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.visitpontotoc.com/Agriplex/\|title=The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center\|website=www.visitpontotoc.com}}</ref> [[File:Ada, Oklahoma from the South.jpg\|thumb\|(2014) Ada, Oklahoma]] ==Timeline== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 95%;" ! Year(s) !! # Yrs. !! Team !! Level !! League!!Affiliate \|- \|1947–1954\|\|8\|\|Ada Herefords\|\|rowspan=2\|[[Class D (baseball)\|Class D]]\|\|rowspan=2\|[[Sooner State League]]\|\|[[St. Louis Browns]] \|- \|1954\|\| 0.5 \|\| Ada Cementers \|\|[[Baltimore Orioles]] \|- \|} ==Season–by–season== {\|class="wikitable" \|- ! Year ! Record ! Manager ! Finish ! Playoffs/Notes \|- \|1947 \|\| 86–51 \|\|[[Uke Clanton]]\|\| 2nd \|\| Lost in First Round \|- \|1948 \|\| 63–76 \|\| Uke Clanton \|\|5th \|\| Did not qualify \|- \|1949 \|\| 69–70 \|\|Bill Krueger\|\| 4th \|\| Lost in First Round \|- \|1950 \|\| 96–41 \|\|Bill Krueger\|\| 1st \|\| Lost in First Round \|- \|1951 \|\| 54–56 \|\| [[Stan Galle]] \|\| 5th \|\| Did not qualify \|- \|1952 \|\| 57–82\|\| Bill Enos /<br /> Virl Loman / Jim England \|\| 7th \|\| Did not qualify \|- \|1953 \|\| 84–54 \|\| [[Louis Brower]]\|\| 3rd \|\| Lost League Finals \|- \|1954 \|\| 64–76 \|\|Louis Brower / John Densmore \|\| 6th \|\| Did not qualify \|} ==Notable alumni== {{div col\|colwidth=25em}} [[Louis Brower]] (1953–1954, MGR) [[Uke Clanton]] (1947–1948, MGR) [[Stan Galle]] (1951, MGR) [[Charlie Rabe]] (1952) [[Woody Smith]] (1949) [[Bill Upton]] (1948) [[Jim Walton (baseball)\|Jim Walton]] (1954) [[Joe Wood (1944 pitcher)\|Joe Wood]] (1947) (son of [[Smoky Joe Wood]]) {{Div col end}} [[:Category:Ada Herefords players\|Ada Herefords players]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External references== [https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi?city=Ada&state=OK&country=US Baseball Reference] [[Category:Defunct minor league baseball teams]] [[Category:Sports clubs and teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Baltimore Orioles minor league affiliates]] [[Category:St. Louis Browns minor league affiliates]] [[Category:Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Ada, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Baseball teams established in 1947]] [[Category:Baseball teams disestablished in 1954]] [[Category:Defunct baseball teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Professional baseball teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:1947 establishments in Oklahoma]] [[Category:1954 disestablishments in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Sooner State League teams]]	1,288,702,767	[{"title": "Minor league affiliations", "data": {"Class": "Class D (1947\u20131954)", "League": "Sooner State League (1947\u20131954)"}}, {"title": "Major league affiliations", "data": {"Team": "St. Louis Browns (1947\u20131953) \u00b7 Baltimore Orioles (1954)"}}, {"title": "Minor league titles", "data": {"League titles (0)": "None", "Conference titles (1)": "1950", "Wild card berths (3)": "1947 1949 1953"}}, {"title": "Team data", "data": {"Name": "Ada Herefords (1947\u20131954) \u00b7 Ada Cementers (1954)", "Ballpark": "Hereford Park (1947\u20131954)"}}]	false
# Gold Lust Gold Lust (Catalan: Escanyapobres) is a 2024 Spanish historical drama film directed by Ibai Abad and co-written by Elisenda Gorgues based on the novel by Narcís Oller. It stars Alex Brendemühl and Mireia Vilapuig. ## Plot Set in the fictional village of Pratbell, against the backdrop of the arrival of train to a village in inner Catalonia in the late 19th century, the plot follows the actions of loan shark Oleguer as he preys on the masia belonging to the family of Cileta, who begins to learn about the corruptive power of money. ## Cast - Alex Brendemühl as Oleguer[2] - Mireia Vilapuig as Cileta[2] - Laura Conejero [ca] as Tuïes[6] - Quim Àvila as Eloi[6] - Boris Ruiz [ca] as Pere[6] - Juli Mira as don Magi[6] ## Production Gold Lust is a co-production by Abacus, Mayo Films, and Nakamura Films and it had the participation of 3Cat and À Punt. Shooting locations included La Saira, Crevillent, Salàs de Pallars, Calaf, Bellmunt del Priorat, Móra la Nova, and Mutxamel. ## Release For its world premiere on 20 April 2024, the film made it to the main competition slate of the BCN Film Fest. It is set to be released theatrically in Spain on 29 November 2024. ## Accolades \| Year \| Award \| Category \| Nominee(s) \| Result \| Ref. \| \| ---- \| -------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| ----------------------------- \| --------- \| ------ \| \| 2025 \| 17th Gaudí Awards \| Best Adapted Screenplay \| Ibai Abad, Elisenda Gorgues \| Nominated \| [ 10 ] \| \| 2025 \| 17th Gaudí Awards \| Best New Performance \| Mireia Vilapuig \| Nominated \| [ 10 ] \| \| 2025 \| 7th Lola Gaos Awards \| Best Cinematography and Lighting \| Maria Codina \| Won \| [ 11 ] \| \| 2025 \| 7th Lola Gaos Awards \| Best Costume Design \| Cristina Martín, Rocío Pastor \| Won \| [ 11 ] \| \| 2025 \| 7th Lola Gaos Awards \| Youth Prize for Best Film \| Youth Prize for Best Film \| Won \| [ 11 ] \|	enwiki/78439163	enwiki	78,439,163	Gold Lust	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Lust	2025-07-06T21:05:34Z	en	Q131318883	55,577	{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2024}} {{Infobox film \| native_name = {{Infobox name module\|ca\|Escanyapobres\|nolink=yes}} \| image = Gold Lust poster.jpg \| caption = Film poster \| director = Ibai Abad \| screenplay = {{ubl\|Ibai Abad\|Elisenda Gorgues}} \| based_on = {{Based on\|''L'escanyapobres''\|[[Narcís Oller]]}} \| starring = {{ubl\|[[Alex Brendemühl]]\|[[Mireia Vilapuig]]\|Laura Conejero\|Quim Àvila\|[[Juli Mira]]}} \| cinematography = María Codina \| editing = {{ubl\|Ona Batrolí\|Gerard Vila}} \| producer = {{ubl\|Marc Roma\|Jordi Llorca\|Sergi Grobas}} \| music = Raquel Sánchez \| studio = {{ubl\|Abacus\|Mayo Films\|Nakamura Films}} \| country = Spain \| language = Catalan \| released = {{Film date\|2024\|04\|20\|[[BCN Film Fest]]\|2024\|11\|29\|Spain\|df=yes}} \| distributor = Carácter Films }} '''''Gold Lust''''' ({{langx\|ca\|'''Escanyapobres'''\|links=no}})<ref>{{Cite web\|access-date=24 November 2024\|website=Spanish Kaleidoscope\|publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (Spain)\|Ministerio de Cultura]]\|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/mc/spanish-kaleidoscope/films/winter-spring24/gold-lust.html\|title=Gold Lust [Escanyapobres]}}</ref> is a 2024 Spanish historical drama film directed by Ibai Abad and co-written by Elisenda Gorgues based on the novel by [[Narcís Oller]]. It stars [[Alex Brendemühl]] and [[Mireia Vilapuig]]. == Plot == Set in the fictional village of Pratbell, against the backdrop of the arrival of train to a village in inner Catalonia in the late 19th century, the plot follows the actions of [[loan shark]] Oleguer as he preys on the [[masia]] belonging to the family of Cileta, who begins to learn about the corruptive power of money.<ref name="freire" /><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20240419/9599223/bcn-film-fest-ibai-abad-escanyapobres-cine.html\|website=[[La Vanguardia]]\|date=19 April 2024\|first=Francesc\|last=Bombí-Vilaseca\|title=Ibai Abad convierte la novela 'L'Escanyapobres' de Narcís Oller en un western mediterráneo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.europapress.es/comunitat-valenciana/noticia-cinema-jove-preestrena-llobas-revision-clave-contemporanea-mito-hombre-lobo-20240627103129.html\|website=[[Europa Press]]\|date=27 June 2024\|title=Cinema Jove preestrena 'Llobàs', una revisión "en clave contemporánea" del mito del hombre lobo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.3cat.cat/premsa/escanyapobres-el-poder-corrupte-dels-diners/nota-de-premsa/3155393/\|website=3Cat\|title="Escanyapobres", el poder corrupte dels diners\|date=30 April 2022}}</ref> == Cast == {{Cast listing\| * [[Alex Brendemühl]] as Oleguer<ref name="freire" /> * [[Mireia Vilapuig]] as Cileta<ref name="freire" /> * {{ill\|Laura Conejero\|ca}} as Tuïes<ref name="aisge">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.aisge.es/los-estrenos-del-29-de-noviembre-escanyapobres\|website=Aisge\|date=24 November 2024\|first=Alberto\|last=Úbeda-Portugués\|title=Los estrenos de 29 de noviembre. 'Escanyapobres. La ira del pueblo}}</ref> * Quim Àvila as Eloi<ref name="aisge" /> * {{ill\|Boris Ruiz\|ca}} as Pere<ref name="aisge" /> * [[Juli Mira]] as don Magi<ref name="aisge" /> }} == Production == Gold Lust is a co-production by Abacus, Mayo Films, and Nakamura Films and it had the participation of [[Televisió de Catalunya\|3Cat]] and [[À Punt]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.3cat.cat/premsa/dues-produccions-participades-per-3cat-premiades-en-la-16a-edicio-del-fic-cat-la-festa-del-cinema-en-catala/nota-de-premsa/3297751/\|date=11 June 2024\|title=Dues produccions participades per 3Cat premiades en la 16a edició del FIC-CAT, la festa del cinema en català\|website=3Cat}}</ref> Shooting locations included {{ill\|La Saira\|es}}, [[Crevillent]], [[Salàs de Pallars]], [[Calaf]], [[Bellmunt del Priorat]], [[Móra la Nova]], and [[Mutxamel]].<ref name="freire">{{Cite web\|website=[[El Periódico de Catalunya]]\|publisher=[[Prensa Ibérica]]\|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/que-hacer/planes/20240416/localizaciones-catalunya-pelicula-escanyapobres-cine-101127694\|date=16 April 2024\|title=¿En qué paisajes de la Catalunya interior se rodó 'Escanyapobres', el wéstern mediterráneo con Àlex Brendemühl?\|first=Juan Manuel\|last=Freire}}</ref> == Release == For its world premiere on 20 April 2024, the film made it to the main competition slate of the [[BCN Film Fest]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.bcnfilmfest.com/es/seccion-oficial/2024/escanyapobres\|website=BCN Film Fest\|access-date=24 November 2024\|title=Escanyapobres}}</ref> It is set to be released theatrically in Spain on 29 November 2024.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.timeout.es/madrid/es/cine/estrenos-cine-mes\|website=Time Out\|title=Los mejores estrenos de cine de este mes en Madrid\|date=4 November 2024\|first=Àlex\|last=Montoya}}</ref> == Accolades == {{Awards table\|5}} \|- \| rowspan = "5" \| {{center\|2025}} \| rowspan = "2" \| [[17th Gaudí Awards]] \| Best Adapted Screenplay \|\| Ibai Abad, Elisenda Gorgues \|\| {{nom}} \| rowspan = "2" \| <ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.3cat.cat/324/en-directe-premis-gaudi-2025-el-47-i-casa-en-flames-parteixen-com-a-favorites/noticia/3331088/\|date=19 January 2025\|title=Premis Gaudí: "El 47" triomfa en una gala que també reconeix el risc de "Polvo serán"\|website=[[3/24]]\|via=[[Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals\|3Cat]]}}</ref> \|- \| Best New Performance \|\| Mireia Vilapuig \|\| {{nom}} \|- \| rowspan = "3" \| 7th [[Lola Gaos Awards]] \|\| Best Cinematography and Lighting \|\| Maria Codina \|\| {{won}} \|\| rowspan = "3" \| <ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.ultimahora.es/noticias/comunidades/2025/02/01/2317641/casa-triunfa-premis-del-audiovisual-valenciano-galardones.html\|website=[[Última Hora (Spain)\|Última Hora]]\|title='La Casa' triunfa en los Premis del Audiovisual Valenciano con 10 galardones\|date=1 February 2025}}</ref> \|- \| Best Costume Design \|\| Cristina Martín, Rocío Pastor \|\| {{won}} \|- \| colspan = "2" \| Youth Prize for Best Film \|\| {{won}} \|} == See also == * [[List of Spanish films of 2024]] == References == {{reflist}} {{authority control}} [[Category:2020s Catalan-language films]] [[Category:2020s Spanish films]] [[Category:Spanish drama films]] [[Category:Films set in Catalonia]] [[Category:Films set in the 19th century]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Lleida]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Alicante]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Tarragona]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Barcelona]]	1,299,153,653	[{"title": "Gold Lust", "data": {"Catalan": "Escanyapobres", "Directed by": "Ibai Abad", "Screenplay by": "- Ibai Abad - Elisenda Gorgues", "Based on": "L'escanyapobres \u00b7 by Narc\u00eds Oller", "Produced by": "- Marc Roma - Jordi Llorca - Sergi Grobas", "Starring": "- Alex Brendem\u00fchl - Mireia Vilapuig - Laura Conejero - Quim \u00c0vila - Juli Mira", "Cinematography": "Mar\u00eda Codina", "Edited by": "- Ona Batrol\u00ed - Gerard Vila", "Music by": "Raquel S\u00e1nchez", "Production \u00b7 companies": "- Abacus - Mayo Films - Nakamura Films", "Distributed by": "Car\u00e1cter Films", "Release dates": "- 20 April 2024 (BCN Film Fest) - 29 November 2024 (Spain)", "Country": "Spain", "Language": "Catalan"}}]	false
# Yumi Kaeriyama Yumi Kaeriyama (帰山由美, Kaeriyama Yumi, born 31 May 1967) is a Japanese speed skater. She competed in three events at the 1992 Winter Olympics.	enwiki/56479615	enwiki	56,479,615	Yumi Kaeriyama	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yumi_Kaeriyama	2024-12-14T06:08:12Z	en	Q47539350	21,060	{{Short description\|Japanese speed skater (born 1967)}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2018}} {{Infobox speed skater \| headercolor = #d7ecff \| name = Yumi Kaeriyama \| full_name = \| image = \| caption = \| nationality = Japanese \| sport = [[Speed skating]] \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1967\|5\|31\|df=yes}} \| birth_place = [[Hokkaido]], Japan \| death_date = \| death_place = }} {{Nihongo\|'''Yumi Kaeriyama'''\|帰山由美\|Kaeriyama Yumi\|born 31 May 1967}} is a Japanese [[speed skating\|speed skater]]. She competed in [[Speed skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics\|three events]] at the [[1992 Winter Olympics]].<ref name="SportsRef">{{cite Sports-Reference \|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/yumi-kaeriyama-1.html \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417212555/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/yumi-kaeriyama-1.html \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=17 April 2020 \|title=Yumi Kaeriyama Olympic Results \|access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaeriyama, Yumi}} [[Category:1967 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Japanese female speed skaters]] [[Category:Olympic speed skaters for Japan]] [[Category:Speed skaters at the 1992 Winter Olympics]] [[Category:Speed skaters from Hokkaido]] [[Category:Speed skaters at the 1986 Asian Winter Games]] [[Category:20th-century Japanese sportswomen]] {{Japan-speed-skating-bio-stub}}	1,263,018,777	[{"title": "Yumi Kaeriyama", "data": {"Nationality": "Japanese", "Born": "31 May 1967 \u00b7 Hokkaido, Japan"}}, {"title": "Sport", "data": {"Sport": "Speed skating"}}]	false
# Coldwater High School (Ohio) Coldwater High School is a public high school located in Coldwater, Ohio. It is part of Coldwater Exempted Village Schools. ## Athletics Athletic teams are known as the Cavaliers. The school competes in the Ohio High School Athletic Association as a member of the Midwest Athletic Conference. They have captured over 100 league championships in various MAC-sanctioned sports since 1973. The Cavaliers have a total of 31 team State Championships in various OHSAA sports. The Coldwater football team is in 2nd place for the most state titles (8) by a public school since the playoff system began in 1972. That is 7 behind fellow MAC member Marion Local who has 15 state football titles. ### State Championships - Football - 2005, 2007, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2020, 2024 - Baseball - 1983, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1992, 2014, 2019 - Boys Bowling - 2007, 2012, 2015,[2] 2020 - Girls Basketball – 1990, 1992 [2] - Girls Bowling - 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021 - Girls Track and Field – 1994, 1995, 1996, 2025[2] - Girls Volleyball - 2024 ### State Runners-Up - Football - 1998, 2000, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2021 - Baseball - 1977, 1991, 2004, 2018 - Boys Basketball - 1999 - Boys Bowling - 2016, 2022, 2023 - Girls Bowling - 2014, 2018, 2020 - Girls Softball - 1996 - Girls Volleyball - 2017, 2022 ### State Team Tournaments - Girls Golf - 2021 ## Notable alumni - Keith Wenning, professional football player in the National Football League (NFL) - Ross Homan, former linebacker for the Ohio State Buckeyes and NFL draftee - Steve Vagedes, former Arena Football League player - Trent Dues, baseball state champion and head baseball coach for Butler High School - Kyle Heyne, former minor league and independent league baseball player; Ball State University all-time saves leader with 32 (drafted by San Diego Padres)	enwiki/6639334	enwiki	6,639,334	Coldwater High School (Ohio)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coldwater_High_School_(Ohio)	2025-06-16T20:15:59Z	en	Q5142583	49,232	{{Short description\|Public school in Coldwater, Ohio, US}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=January 2025}} {{Infobox school \|name = Coldwater High School \|image = \|motto = \|established = 1869 \|type = [[Public school (government funded)\|Public]] \|affiliation = \|district = Coldwater Exempted Village \|grades = 9-12 \|president = \|principal = Jason Hemmelgarn \|head of school = \|dean = \|teaching_staff = 23.00 (FTE)<ref name=NCES/> \|ratio = 16.70<ref name=NCES/> \|school code = HNBFTS \|students = \|enrollment = 384 (2023-2024)<ref name=NCES>{{cite web\|url=https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_detail.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3904531&ID=390453102171\|title=Coldwater High School\|publisher=National Center for Education Statistics\|accessdate=December 28, 2024}}</ref> \|athletics = Division III (Football VI) \|conference = [[Midwest Athletic Conference]] \|colors = Orange and Black {{color box\|orange}} {{color box\|black}} \|mascot = Cavalier \|free_text = \|free_label2 = \|free_text2 = \|address = 310 N 2nd Street \|location = [[Coldwater, Ohio]] 45828 \|coordinates = \|country = United States \|homepage = http://coldwatercavs.org }} '''Coldwater High School''' is a [[public high school]] located in [[Coldwater, Ohio]]. It is part of Coldwater Exempted Village Schools. ==Athletics== Athletic teams are known as the Cavaliers. The school competes in the [[Ohio High School Athletic Association]] as a member of the [[Midwest Athletic Conference]]. They have captured over 100 league championships in various MAC-sanctioned sports since 1973. The Cavaliers have a total of 31 team State Championships in various OHSAA sports. The Coldwater football team is in 2nd place for the most state titles (8) by a public school since the playoff system began in 1972. That is 7 behind fellow [[Midwest Athletic Conference\|MAC]] member [[Marion Local High School (Maria Stein, Ohio)\|Marion Local]] who has 15 state football titles. === State Championships === * [[American football\|Football]] - 2005, 2007, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2020, 2024 * [[Baseball]] - 1983, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1992, 2014, 2019 * Boys [[Bowling]] - 2007, 2012, 2015,<ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ohsaa.org/\|title=Ohio High School Athletic Association Web site\|accessdate=2006-12-31\|author=OHSAA\|author-link=OHSAA}}</ref> 2020 * Girls [[Basketball]] – 1990, 1992 <ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association"/> * Girls [[Bowling]] - 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021 * Girls [[Track and Field]] – 1994, 1995, 1996, 2025<ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association"/> Girls [[Volleyball]] - 2024 === State Runners-Up === [[American football\|Football]] - 1998, 2000, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2021 * [[Baseball]] - 1977, 1991, 2004, 2018 * Boys [[Basketball]] - 1999 * Boys [[Bowling]] - 2016, 2022, 2023 * Girls [[Bowling]] - 2014, 2018, 2020 * Girls [[Softball]] - 1996 * Girls [[Volleyball]] - 2017, 2022 === State Team Tournaments === * Girls [[Golf]] - 2021 ==Notable alumni== [[Keith Wenning]], professional football player in the [[National Football League]] (NFL) [[Ross Homan]], former [[linebacker]] for the [[Ohio State Buckeyes]] and NFL draftee [[Steve Vagedes]], former [[Arena Football League]] player Trent Dues, baseball state champion and head baseball coach for [[Butler High School (Vandalia, Ohio)\|Butler High School]] Kyle Heyne, former minor league and independent league baseball player; [[Ball State University]] all-time saves leader with 32 (drafted by [[San Diego Padres]]) ==External links== [http://cw.noacsc.org/ District Website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100301093116/http://www.midwestathleticconference.com/coldwatercavaliers.html Official Website of the Midwest Athletic Conference] ==Notes and references== {{Reflist\|2}} {{Coord\|40.482\|N\|84.630\|W\|display=title\|region:US-OH_type:edu}} {{Midwest Athletic Conference \|state=expanded}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:High schools in Mercer County, Ohio]] [[Category:Public high schools in Ohio]] {{MercerCountyOH-school-stub}}	1,295,941,515	[{"title": "Address", "data": {"Address": "310 N 2nd Street \u00b7 Coldwater, Ohio 45828 \u00b7 United States"}}, {"title": "Information", "data": {"Type": "Public", "Established": "1869", "School district": "Coldwater Exempted Village", "School code": "HNBFTS", "Principal": "Jason Hemmelgarn", "Teaching staff": "23.00 (FTE)", "Grades": "9-12", "Enrollment": "384 (2023-2024)", "Student to teacher ratio": "16.70", "Color(s)": "Orange and Black", "Athletics": "Division III (Football VI)", "Athletics conference": "Midwest Athletic Conference", "Mascot": "Cavalier", "Website": "http://coldwatercavs.org"}}]	false
# Uruthirajenma Kannar Uruthirajenma Kannar (Tamil: உருத்திர சன்மகண்ணர்) was a poet of the Sangam period to whom verse 31 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai. ## Biography Uruthirajenma Kannar was a poet belonging to the late Sangam period that corresponds between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE. He is known to be short-tempered, with his eyes seething in rage most of the times. Hence he was known by the name "Uruthirajenma Kannar", which literally means "he who has eyes raging with anger". ## View on Valluvar and the Kural Uruthirajenma Kannar has authored verse 31 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai. He opines about Valluvar and the Kural text thus: Water springs forth when the earth is dug, and milk when the child sucks the mother's breast, but knowledge when the poets study Valluvar's Cural. [Emphasis in original] ## Citations 1. 1 2 Vedanayagam, 2017, pp. 45–46. 2. ↑ Robinson, 2001, p. 26.	enwiki/59843519	enwiki	59,843,519	Uruthirajenma Kannar	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruthirajenma_Kannar	2020-08-15T15:58:29Z	en	Q61750098	61,934	{{Sangam literature}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}} {{Use Indian English\|date=August 2020}} '''Uruthirajenma Kannar''' ([[Tamil language\|Tamil]]: உருத்திர சன்மகண்ணர்) was a poet of the [[Sangam period]] to whom verse 31 of the [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]]. ==Biography== Uruthirajenma Kannar was a poet belonging to the late Sangam period that corresponds between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE. He is known to be short-tempered, with his eyes seething in rage most of the times. Hence he was known by the name "Uruthirajenma Kannar", which literally means "he who has eyes raging with anger".{{sfn\|Vedanayagam, 2017\|pp=45–46}} ==View on Valluvar and the Kural== Uruthirajenma Kannar has authored verse 31 of the [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]].{{sfn\|Vedanayagam, 2017\|pp=45–46}} He opines about [[Valluvar]] and the [[Kural text]] thus:{{sfn\|Robinson, 2001\|p=26}} {{cquote\|Water springs forth when the earth is dug, and milk when the child sucks the mother's breast, but knowledge when the poets study Valluvar's ''Cural''. <small>[Emphasis in original]</small>}} ==See also== {{wikisourcelang\|ta\|திருவள்ளுவமாலை\|Tiruvalluva Maalai}} * [[Sangam literature]] * [[List of Sangam poets]] * [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]] ==Citations== {{reflist}} ==References== {{ref begin}} * {{cite book \|author=Edward Jewitt Robinson \|title=Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings \|url=https://archive.org/details/tamilwisdomtradi0000robi\|year=2001 \|publisher=Asian Educational Services \|location = New Delhi\|edition = \|isbn= \|ref={{sfnRef\|Robinson, 2001}}}} * {{cite book \| last = Vedanayagam \| first = Rama \| author-link = \| title = திருவள்ளுவ மாலை மூலமும் எளிய உரை விளக்கமும் [Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum] \| publisher = Manimekalai Prasuram \| series = \| volume = \| edition = 1 \| date = 2017 \| location = Chennai \| pages = \| language = Tamil \| url = \| doi = \| id = \| isbn = \| mr = \| zbl = \| jfm = \|ref={{sfnRef\|Vedanayagam, 2017}} }} {{ref end}} {{Portalbar\|Tamils\|India\|Literature\|Poetry}} {{Tamil language}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Uruthirajenma Kannar}} [[Category:Tamil philosophy]] [[Category:Tamil poets]] [[Category:Sangam poets]] [[Category:Tiruvalluva Maalai contributors]]	973,137,629	[]	false
# Umuchu Umuchu is one of the largest towns in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Umuchu lies near the state border between Anambra and Imo States. It is connected by road to Umunze in the east and Igbo-Ukwu in the northwest. It is home to the Igbo people, and Umuchu is also the name of the local dialect of the Igbo language. ## Landmarks Umuchu contains St. Mathew Catholic Church, St. Thomas Anglican Church, St. Peters Anglican Church, Zion City Umuchu, built and donated by Mr Godwin Ezeemo, Honeywell Hotel in Potters Business Park, Multipurpose Computer Centre, and the newly licensed Orient Mega 101.7FM and is also home to Umuchu High Court, which as of 2008 was led by Justice Anthony Ezeoke. ## In literature Simon Alaghogu has authored a pamphlet "The History of Umuchu",which documents the six sons of Echu and establishment of the original six villages in the vicinity. ## Climate The climate of Umuchu is tropical savanna. Every month is warm and there is both a wet and dry season. Umuchu experiences 61°F average annual temperature and 414′′ of precipitation annually. With an average humidity of 74% and a UV-index of 7, there are 91 dry days per year. ## Notable people - His Royal Highness Godson Ezechukwu, Paramount ruler of Umuchu - Nelly Uchendu (1950–2005), singer and composer - Ebube Nwagbo, actor and model	enwiki/32693800	enwiki	32,693,800	Umuchu	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umuchu	2024-05-18T18:23:06Z	en	Q7881834	27,457	{{Short description\|Town in the Aguata local government area of Anambra State, Nigeria}} {{Use Nigerian English\|date=January 2023}} '''Umuchu''' is one of the largest towns in [[Aguata]] Local Government Area of [[Anambra State]], [[Nigeria]]. Umuchu lies near the state border between Anambra and Imo States. It is connected by road to [[Umunze]] in the east and [[Igbo-Ukwu]] in the northwest.<ref name="GM">{{Google maps \| url =https://www.google.com/maps/@6.0021354,7.0611527,30674m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en \| accessdate =25 September 2016}}</ref> It is home to the [[Igbo people]], and Umuchu is also the name of the local dialect of the [[Igbo language]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=Working Papers in Phonetics\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWwoAQAAIAAJ\|year=1974\|publisher=University of California\|page=53}}</ref> ==Landmarks== Umuchu contains St. Mathew Catholic Church, St. Thomas Anglican Church, St. Peters Anglican Church, Zion City Umuchu, built and donated by [[Mr Godwin Ezeemo]], Honeywell Hotel in Potters Business Park, Multipurpose Computer Centre, and the newly licensed Orient Mega 101.7FM <ref name="GM"/> and is also home to Umuchu High Court, which as of 2008 was led by Justice [[Anthony Ezeoke]].<ref>{{cite book\|title=Jambula Tree: A Selection of Works from the Caine Prize for African Writing\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VrgLAQAAMAAJ\|year=2008\|publisher=New Internationalist Publications\|isbn=978-1-904456-73-5\|page=226}}</ref> ==In literature== Simon Alaghogu has authored a pamphlet "The ''History of Umuchu",''which documents the six sons of Echu and establishment of the original six villages in the vicinity.<ref name="Sinha1989">{{cite book\|last=Sinha\|first=R. K.\|title=The Paradise Lost: A Study of Modern English Novels Relating to Colonial Experience\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cH1lAAAAMAAJ\|year=1989\|publisher=Amar Prakashan\|isbn=978-81-85061-80-1\|page=138}}</ref> == Climate == The climate of Umuchu is tropical [[savanna]]. Every month is warm and there is both a wet and dry season. Umuchu experiences 61°F average annual [[temperature]] and 414′′ of [[precipitation]] annually. With an average [[humidity]] of 74% and a UV-index of 7, there are 91 dry days per year.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Umuchu weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature \|url=https://www.besttravelmonths.com/nigeria/umuchu-2904593/ \|access-date=2023-08-12 \|website=www.besttravelmonths.com \|language=en}}</ref> ==Notable people== * [[His Royal Highness Godson Ezechukwu]], Paramount ruler of Umuchu * [[Nelly Uchendu]] (1950–2005), singer and composer * [[Ebube Nwagbo]], actor and model == References == {{Reflist}} {{Coord\|5\|56\|N\|7\|8\|E\|region:NG-AN_type:city\|display=title}} [[Category:Populated places in Anambra State]]	1,224,485,915	[]	false
# Sporting CP (beach soccer) Sporting Clube de Portugal has a professional beach soccer team based in Lisbon, Portugal, since 2005 until 2006, and again in 2009, that plays in Portuguese Beach Soccer League. ## Current squad Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. \| No. \| Pos. \| Nation \| Player \| \| --- \| ---- \| ------ \| -------------- \| \| 1 \| GK \| POR \| Tiago Petrony \| \| 2 \| DF \| POR \| Rui Coimbra \| \| 3 \| MF \| BRA \| Datinha \| \| 4 \| DF \| BRA \| Diogo Catarino \| \| 5 \| MF \| BRA \| Bruno Xavier \| \| 6 \| FW \| BRA \| Nelito Júnior \| \| 7 \| MF \| POR \| Madjer \| \| 8 \| DF \| POR \| Marinho \| \| 9 \| FW \| POR \| Duarte Vivo \| \| 10 \| MF \| POR \| Ricardinho \| \| 11 \| FW \| POR \| David Cosmeli \| \| No. \| Pos. \| Nation \| Player \| \| --- \| ---- \| ------ \| ------------------------------ \| \| 13 \| MF \| POR \| Eduardo Farinha \| \| 15 \| MF \| POR \| Lúcio Carmo \| \| 18 \| GK \| BRA \| Mão (Jenílson Brito Rodrigues) \| \| 22 \| GK \| POR \| João Vaz \| \| — \| GK \| POR \| David Pereira \| \| — \| DF \| POR \| Rudy Viana \| \| — \| FW \| POR \| Bernardo Capelo \| \| — \| DF \| POR \| André Cachopo \| \| — \| GK \| POR \| Carlos Pedreiro \| \| — \| MF \| POR \| Mathew Santos \| \| — \| FW \| BRA \| Rodrigo Soares \| Coach: Mário Miguel ## Honours ### International competitions - Mundialito de Clubes - Runners-up (1): 2011 ### National competitions - Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia - Winners (2): 2016, 2020 - Runners-up (3): 2011, 2014, 2015 - Portuguese Beach Soccer League - Runners-up (2): 2005, 2006	enwiki/28249213	enwiki	28,249,213	Sporting CP (beach soccer)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_CP_(beach_soccer)	2025-05-17T07:49:41Z	en	Q954539	121,565	{{Infobox football club \|clubname = Sporting Clube de Portugal \|fullname = Sporting Clube de Portugal \|shortname = Sporting \|nickname = ''Leões'' (Lions)<br/>''Verde-e-Brancos'' (Green'n'Whites) \|ground = Praia de Carcavelos,<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://wikimapia.org/366599/pt/Praia-de-Carcavelos \|title=Praia de Carcavelos \| publisher=wikimapia.org {{in lang\|pt\|en}}}}</ref> [[Carcavelos]] \|chairman = \|coach = [[Luis Bilro Pereira\|Bilro]] \|league = [[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia]] \|season = [[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia\|2010]] \|position = Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia, 1st \|shirtsupplier = [[Puma AG\|Puma]] \|shirtsponsors = \|pattern_la1=_sporting2223h \|pattern_b1=_sporting2223h \|pattern_ra1=_sporting2223h \|pattern_sh1=_monterrey1213t1 \|pattern_so1=_scp2122h \|leftarm1=FFFFFF \|body1=FFFFFF \|rightarm1=FFFFFF \|shorts1=000000 \|socks1=none \|pattern_la2=_sporting2223a \|pattern_b2=_sporting2223a \|pattern_ra2=_sporting2223a \|pattern_sh2= \|pattern_so2=_monterrey1213t1 \|leftarm2=000000 \|body2=000000 \|rightarm2=000000 \|shorts2=CDFF00 \|socks2=none \|pattern_la3 = _augsburg2122a \|pattern_b3 = _sporting2223t \|pattern_ra3 = _augsburg2122a \|pattern_sh3 = _nikelaser5gw \|pattern_so3 = \|leftarm3 = FFFFFF \|body3 = FFFFFF \|rightarm3 = FFFFFF \|shorts3 = 008000 \|socks3 = none }} {{Sporting Clube de Portugal sections}} '''[[Sporting Clube de Portugal]]''' has a professional [[beach soccer]] team based in [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]], since 2005 until 2006, and again in 2009, that plays in [[Portuguese Beach Soccer League]]. ==Current squad== {{Fs start}} {{Fs player\|no=1\|nat=Portugal\|pos=GK\|name=[[Tiago Petrony]]}} {{Fs player\|no=2\|nat=Portugal\|pos=DF\|name=[[Rui Coimbra]]}} {{Fs player\|no=3\|nat=Brazil\|pos=MF\|name=[[Datinha]]}} {{Fs player\|no=4\|nat=Brazil\|pos=DF\|name=[[Diogo Catarino]]}} {{Fs player\|no=5\|nat=Brazil\|pos=MF\|name=[[Bruno Xavier (beach soccer)\|Bruno Xavier]]}} {{Fs player\|no=6\|nat=Brazil\|pos=FW\|name=[[Nelito Oliveira da Silva Júnior\|Nelito Júnior]]}} {{Fs player\|no=7\|nat=Portugal\|pos=MF\|name=[[Madjer]]}} {{Fs player\|no=8\|nat=Portugal\|pos=DF\|name=[[Mário Duarte\|Marinho]]}} {{Fs player\|no=9\|nat=Portugal\|pos=FW\|name=[[Duarte Vivo]]}} {{Fs player\|no=10\|nat=Portugal\|pos=MF\|name=[[Ricardo Baptista (footballer)\|Ricardinho]]}} {{Fs player\|no=11\|nat=Portugal\|pos=FW\|name=[[David Cosmeli]]}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player\|no=13\|nat=Portugal\|pos=MF\|name=[[Eduardo Farinha]]}} {{Fs player\|no=15\|nat=Portugal\|pos=MF\|name=[[Lúcio Carmo]]}} {{Fs player\|no=18\|nat=Brazil\|pos=GK\|name='''Mão''' (Jenílson Brito Rodrigues)}} {{Fs player\|no=22\|nat=Portugal\|pos=GK\|name=[[João Vaz (footballer)\|João Vaz]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=GK\|name=[[David Pereira (footballer)\|David Pereira]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=DF\|name=[[Rudy Viana]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=FW\|name=[[Bernardo Capelo]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=DF\|name=[[André Cachopo]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=GK\|name=[[Carlos Pedreiro]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Portugal\|pos=MF\|name=[[Mathew Santos]]}} {{Fs player\|no=\|nat=Brazil\|pos=FW\|name=[[Rodrigo Soares]]}} {{fs end}} '''Coach:''' {{flagicon\|POR}} Mário Miguel ==Honours== ===International competitions=== * '''[[Mundialito de Clubes]]''' :* ''Runners-up (1)'': [[2011 Mundialito de Clubes\|2011]] ===National competitions=== * '''[[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia]]''' :* '''Winners (2)''': 2016, 2020 :* ''Runners-up (3)'': 2011, 2014, 2015 * '''[[Portuguese Beach Soccer League]]''' :* ''Runners-up (2)'': 2005, 2006 [[File:Beach soccer pictogram.svg\|100px]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100729002738/http://www.sporting.pt/Noticias/Futebol/Fut_Prof/notfutprof_futequipafutpraia_220710_63488.asp Sporting beach soccer official website] * [http://www.zerozero.pt/equipa.php?id=21669 Sporting in zerozero.pt] {{Sporting CP}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sporting Cp (Beach Soccer)}} [[Category:Sporting CP sports]] [[Category:2005 establishments in Portugal]] [[Category:Association football clubs established in 2005]] [[Category:Beach soccer clubs in Portugal]]	1,290,817,289	[{"title": "Sporting Clube de Portugal", "data": {"Full name": "Sporting Clube de Portugal", "Nickname(s)": "Le\u00f5es (Lions) \u00b7 Verde-e-Brancos (Green'n'Whites)", "Ground": "Praia de Carcavelos, Carcavelos", "Coach": "Bilro", "League": "Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia", "2010": "Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia, 1st", "\u00b7 Home colours": "\u00b7 Away colours \u00b7 \u00b7 Third colours"}}]	false
# Alliance Sport Alsace The Alliance Sport Alsace, simply known as ASA, is a French professional basketball club based in Souffelweyersheim and Gries. Founded in 2021, the team plays in the LNB Pro B. ## History The club was formed in 2021 by the merger of five clubs: BC Gries-Oberhoffen, BC Souffelweyersheim, BC Nord Alsace, Weyersheim BB and Walbourg-Eschbach Basket. ## Players ### Roster Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed. ## Notable players To appear in this section a player must have either: - Set a club record or won an individual award as a professional player. - Played at least one official international match for his senior national team at any time. - Jimmy Djimrabaye - Kyan Anderson	enwiki/68636190	enwiki	68,636,190	Alliance Sport Alsace	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_Sport_Alsace	2024-01-25T21:34:05Z	en	Q108042980	70,938	{{Infobox basketball club \| name = ASA \| color1 = <!-- or \| colour1 = --> \| color2 = <!-- or \| colour2 = --> \| color3 = <!-- or \| colour3 = --> \| logo = Alliance Sport Alsace logo.png \| nickname = \| league = [[LNB Pro B]] \| conference = \| division = \| founded = 2021 \| dissolved = <!-- or \| folded = --> \| history = '''Alliance Sport Alsace'''<br>2021–present \| arena = Espace Sport La Foret<br>Salle des Sept Arpents \| capacity = \| location =[[Souffelweyersheim]] and [[Gries, Bas-Rhin\|Gries]], France \| colors = <!-- or \| colours = --> \| current = \| sponsor = \| media = \| chairman = \| president = Romuald Roeckel <br> Éric Mittelhaeuser \| vice-presidents = \| manager = \| coach = Julien Espinosa \| captain = \| ownership = \| championships = \| conf_champs = \| div_champs = \| season = \| position = \| website = \| h_body=FFFFFF \|h_pattern_b=_orangesides \|h_shorts=FFFFFF \|h_pattern_s=_orangesides \| a_body=603 \|a_pattern_b=_thinwhitesides \|a_shorts=603 \|a_pattern_s=_whitesides }} The '''Alliance Sport Alsace''', simply known as '''ASA''', is a French professional [[basketball]] club based in [[Souffelweyersheim]] and [[Gries, Bas-Rhin\|Gries]]. Founded in 2021, the team plays in the [[LNB Pro B]]. ==History== The club was formed in 2021 by the merger of five clubs: BC Gries-Oberhoffen, BC Souffelweyersheim, BC Nord Alsace, Weyersheim BB and Walbourg-Eschbach Basket.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Alsace : séisme dans le basket, Gries-Oberhoffen et Souffelweyersheim s'unissent en Pro B \|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/grand-est/alsace-seisme-dans-le-basket-gries-oberhoffen-et-souffelweyersheim-s-unissent-en-pro-b-2065396.html \|website=France 3 Grand Est \|access-date=3 September 2021 \|language=fr-FR}}</ref> ==Players== === Roster === {{Basketball roster nationality note}} {{Basketball roster header\|team=Alliance Sport Alsace \| color1 = black \| bg1 = #F87217 \| color2 = #603 \| bg2 = white \| ht = n \| wt = n \| age = n }} <!-- list of players --> {{player3 \| num = 3 \| nat = FRA \| name = Nathan De Sousa \| pos = PG }} {{player3 \| num = 7 \| nat = FRA \| name = Cyrille Eliezer-Vanerot \| pos = SF }} {{player3 \| num = 9 \| nat = FRA \| name = Leopold Ca \| pos = PF }} {{player3 \| num = 10 \| nat = SER \| name = Strahinja Gavrilovic \| pos = F/C }} {{player3 \| num = 11 \| nat = ESP \| name = Tom Digbeu \| pos = G }} {{player3 \| num = 12 \| nat = SEN \| name = Hassane Gueye \| pos = PF }} {{player3 \| num = 13 \| nat = FRA \| name = Jerome Cazenobe \| pos = F/C }} {{player3 \| num = 20 \| nat = FRA \| name = Sofiane Briki \| pos = G }} {{player3 \| num = 29 \| nat = LIT \| name = Dovydas Redikas \| pos = PG }} {{player3 \| num = 32 \| nat = USA \| name = Christian Nwogbo \| pos = F }} {{player3 \| num = 77 \| nat = FRA \| name = Anthony Racine \| pos = SG }} {{player3 \| num = 88 \| nat = USA \| name = Jamar Diggs \| pos = PG }} <!-- end list of players --> {{Basketball roster footer \| head_coach = {{flagicon\|FRA}} [[Julien Espinosa]] \| asst_coach = {{flagicon\|FRA}} [[Old Lo]] \| roster_url = https://www.asa-basket.fr/pages/lequipe \| accessdate = 14 January 2023}} ==Notable players== {{see also\|:Category:Alliance Sport Alsace players}} :'''To appear in this section a player must have either:''' - Set a club record or won an individual award as a professional player.<br> - Played at least one official international match for his senior national team at any time. {{flagicon\|CAF}} [[Jimmy Djimrabaye]] {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Kyan Anderson]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[https://www.asa-basket.fr Official website] (in French) {{LNB Pro B}} {{France-basketball-team-stub}} [[Category:Basketball teams in France]] [[Category:Basketball teams established in 2021]] [[Category:Sport in Bas-Rhin]] [[Category:2021 establishments in France]]	1,199,070,407	[{"title": "ASA", "data": {"League": "LNB Pro B", "Founded": "2021", "History": "Alliance Sport Alsace \u00b7 2021\u2013present", "Arena": "Espace Sport La Foret \u00b7 Salle des Sept Arpents", "Location": "Souffelweyersheim and Gries, France", "President": "Romuald Roeckel \u00b7 \u00c9ric Mittelhaeuser", "Head coach": "Julien Espinosa", "Home": "Away"}}]	false
# Charmaine Häusl Charmaine Laurence Häusl (born 27 January 1996) is a Seychellois professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre-back for Regionalliga Nordost club Babelsberg and the Seychelles national team. ## International career Born in the Seychelles to a German father and a Seychellois mother, Häusl is a youth international for Germany.	enwiki/51561797	enwiki	51,561,797	Charmaine Häusl	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charmaine_H%C3%A4usl	2025-06-17T23:06:00Z	en	Q23928976	39,138	{{short description\|Seychellois footballer (born 1996)}} {{EngvarB\|date=June 2025}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2025}} {{Infobox football biography \| name = Charmaine Häusl \| image = \| caption = \| fullname = Charmaine Laurence Häusl<ref name=NFT>{{NFT player\|pid=83765\|access-date=19 March 2022}}</ref> \| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|df=yes\|1996\|1\|27}} \| birth_place = [[Victoria, Seychelles\|Victoria]], Seychelles \| position = [[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder\|Defensive midfielder]], [[Centre-back]] \| height = 1.86 m \| currentclub = [[SV Babelsberg 03\|Babelsberg]] \| clubnumber = 31 \| youthyears1 = \| youthclubs1 = SC Olching \| youthyears2 = \| youthclubs2 = [[TSV 1860 Munich\|1860 Munich]] \| youthyears3 = \| youthclubs3 = [[SC Fürstenfeldbruck]] \| youthyears4 = \| youthclubs4 = [[FC Augsburg]] \| youthyears5 = {{0\|0000}}–2015 \| youthclubs5 = [[1. FSV Mainz 05\|Mainz 05]] \| years1 = 2015–2019 \| clubs1 = [[1. FSV Mainz 05 II\|Mainz 05 II]] \| caps1 = 82 \| goals1 = 3 \| years2 = 2019–2020 \| clubs2 = [[SG Sonnenhof Großaspach\|Sonnenhof Großaspach]] \| caps2 = 4 \| goals2 = 0 \| years3 = 2020–2022 \| clubs3 = [[Berliner AK 07\|Berliner AK]] \| caps3 = 17 \| goals3 = 0 \| years4 = 2022–2023 \| clubs4 = [[VSG Altglienicke]] \| caps4 = 8 \| goals4 = 0 \| years5 = 2024 \| clubs5 = [[SV Lichtenberg 47]] \| caps5 = 9 \| goals5 = 0 \| years6 = 2024– \| clubs6 = [[SV Babelsberg 03\|Babelsberg]] \| caps6 = 15 \| goals6 = 0 \| nationalyears1 = 2012–2013 \| nationalteam1 = [[Germany national under-17 football team\|Germany U17]] \| nationalcaps1 = 5 \| nationalgoals1 = 1 \| nationalyears2 = 2019– \| nationalteam2 = [[Seychelles national football team\|Seychelles]] \| nationalcaps2 = 3 \| nationalgoals2 = 0 \| pcupdate = 1 January 2025 \| ntupdate = 23 September 2024 }} '''Charmaine Laurence Häusl''' (born 27 January 1996) is a Seychellois professional [[Association football\|footballer]] who plays as a [[defensive midfielder]] or [[centre-back]] for [[Regionalliga Nordost]] club [[SV Babelsberg 03\|Babelsberg]] and the [[Seychelles national football team\|Seychelles national team]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/charmaine-haeusl/ \|title=Charmaine Häusl \|website=worldfootball.net \|publisher=HEIM:SPIEL \|access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref> ==International career== Born in the [[Seychelles]] to a German father and a Seychellois mother, Häusl is a youth international for Germany.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Archive -Football \|url=https://www.nation.sc/archive/245343/football \|website=[[Seychelles Nation]] \|access-date=23 November 2021 \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211123005748/https://www.nation.sc/archive/245343/football \|archive-date=23 November 2021 \|date=8 May 2015}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * {{WorldFootball.net\|charmaine-haeusl}} * {{Soccerway\|charmaine-hausl/276426}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hausl, Charmaine}} [[Category:1996 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Greater Victoria, Seychelles]] [[Category:Seychellois men's footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football midfielders]] [[Category:Seychelles men's international footballers]] [[Category:Seychellois people of German descent]] [[Category:German men's footballers]] [[Category:1. FSV Mainz 05 II players]] [[Category:SG Sonnenhof Großaspach players]] [[Category:Berliner AK 07 players]] [[Category:VSG Altglienicke players]] [[Category:SV Babelsberg 03 players]] [[Category:3. Liga players]] [[Category:Regionalliga players]] [[Category:Germany men's youth international footballers]] [[Category:German people of Seychellois descent]] [[Category:21st-century German sportsmen]] {{Seychelles-footy-bio-stub}}	1,296,118,432	[{"title": "Charmaine H\u00e4usl", "data": {"Full name": "Charmaine Laurence H\u00e4usl", "Date of birth": "27 January 1996", "Place of birth": "Victoria, Seychelles", "Height": "1.86 m (6 ft 1 in)", "Position(s)": "Defensive midfielder, Centre-back"}}, {"title": "Team information", "data": {"Current team": "Babelsberg", "Number": "31"}}, {"title": "Youth career", "data": {"0000\u20132015": "Mainz 05"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2015\u20132019": "Mainz 05 II \u00b7 82 \u00b7 (3)", "2019\u20132020": "Sonnenhof Gro\u00dfaspach \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2020\u20132022": "Berliner AK \u00b7 17 \u00b7 (0)", "2022\u20132023": "VSG Altglienicke \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2024": "SV Lichtenberg 47 \u00b7 9 \u00b7 (0)", "2024\u2013": "Babelsberg \u00b7 15 \u00b7 (0)"}}, {"title": "International career\u2021", "data": {"2012\u20132013": "Germany U17 \u00b7 5 \u00b7 (1)", "2019\u2013": "Seychelles \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)"}}]	false
# Thalun Thalun (Burmese: သာလွန်မင်း, pronounced [θàlʊ̀ɰ̃]; 17 June 1584 – 27 August 1648) was the eighth king of Toungoo dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). During his 19-year reign, Thalun successfully rebuilt the war-torn country which had been under constant warfare for nearly a century since the 1530s. Thalun instituted many administrative reforms and rebuilt the economy of the kingdom. In 1608, Anaukpetlun captured Prome and made Thalun the governor of Prome. In 1628, Anaukpetlun was murdered by his own son Minyedeippa who made himself king. Thalun was then on his campaigns against the Shans at Kengtung with his brother Minye Kyawswa II, the governor of Ava. However, the death of Anaukpetlun forced the two to return to Pegu to claim the throne from the unlawful king and to counter the opportunistic Arakanese invasions. Thalun became the center of rallying against Minyedaikpa and was proclaimed the crown prince. In 1630, Thalun and Minye Kyawswa were able to take Pegu and executed Minyedeippa.: 218 At Pegu, there was an assassination attempt by a Mon on King Thalun, which resulted in the massacre of the Mons. Thalun fought a three-year campaign against Lanna, finally subjugating them in 1632. In 1634, Thalun moved the capital to Ava and crowned himself king of Ava and made his brother Minye Kyawswa crown prince, Maha Uparaja. Thalun then concentrated on building pagodas and other works of merit.: 219 However, Minye Kyawswa died on 28 August 1648. Thalun then made his own son Pindale as the crown prince. The son of Minye Kyawswa who wanted the crown prince title for himself staged a rebellion. The palace was sacked and Thalun fled to Sagaing. However, the rebellion was soon put down and the conspirators were burnt alive. Thalun died on 19 October 1648, succeeded by his son Pindale. ## Family Thalun had one chief-queen, one principal queen and ten junior queens who give birth children. Most of them a noble's daughter More than a royal family. \| Name \| Mother \| Brief \| \| ----------------------------------- \| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| 1. Minye Narathiha \| Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw \| Son, died at age 7 years old \| \| 2. Thakin Phyu \| Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw \| Son \| \| 3. Min Phyu \| Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw \| Daughter \| \| 4. Khin Ma (Shwe Sinthu) \| Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthu Mala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw \| Daughter married to half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw \| \| 5. Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw \| Daughter married to her full-brother Thakin Kyaw Pindale \| \| 6. Thakin Kyaw Pindale \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw \| Son, Minye Nawrahta Gyi, Minye Nandameit become the King Pindale, married to full-sister Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) \| \| 7. Khin Pan Phyu \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw \| Daughter married to half-brother Thakin Phyu \| \| 8. Thakin Nyo \| Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of Pyay Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw \| Son Governor of Tineta and Kanni married to Khin Phyu, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu \| \| 9. Thakin Ne Myo Dahta \| Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of Pyay Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw \| Son Governor of Tineta married to Khin Ma Shwe Pa Chop, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu \| \| 10. Thakin Talote \| Khin Hla San \| Son Governor of Amyint married to half-sister Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe \| \| 11. Hpone Khaing Thit \| Khin Hla San \| Daughter died at age 22 years old \| \| 12. Zeyawara (Shin Talout Naw) \| Pinya Minthami, Khin Myat Hset \| Son become the King Pye Min married to Khin Ma Lat, the daughter of Minye Mawrahta \| \| 13. Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe \| Shin Hla Nyi, the elder sister of Upathitha Governor of Nyaung Pin Seik \| Daughter married to half brother Thakin Talout \| \| 14. Ne Myo Ye Kyaw (Minye Aung Din) \| Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from Pagan Kingdom) + his wife Min Lat \| Son married with half-sister Shwe Sinthu and Khin Ma Min Sit, he died by shock from an overdose of marijuana, and get a nickname Siputtara Mingyi means King of Marijuana \| \| 15. Narazeya \| Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from Pagan Kingdom) + his wife Min Lat \| Son \| \| 16. Thakin Pinya \| A Htaing (Royal's friend) Nè Nyunt (Nai Rung) \| Son, through the fourth level of practice dharma of Buddhist \| \| 17. Khin Ma Min Sit \| Toungoo Shwe Nan, Khin Ma Shwe Nan, the daughter of Thiri Dhamma Thawka Governor of Toungoo with the rank Toungoo Myo Thit and the son of King Nanda Bayin \| Daughter married with half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw \| \| 18. Aggapatta \| Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of Nawrahta Minsaw of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi \| Daughter died at age 10 years old \| \| 19. Minye Kutha \| Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of Nawrahta Minsaw of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi \| Son, \| \| 20. Thakin Pu Phyu \| Phyu Hnin Kalyar (Kaew Hnin Kalyar), the daughter of Binnya Than Lan (Phraya Sam Lan) \| Son died at age 16 years old \| \| 21. Sittaya Nyunt Lao \| Nai Mauk the niece of Binnya Yaza (Maybe Phraya Racharithanon) the daughter of the saopha of Chiang Saen (Phraya Luang Thipphanet) \| Daughter \| \| 22.Khin Nè Ku \| Yuang Kaew Mallika the daughter of Sao Ngam Möng the saopha of Möng Fang and his queen Nang Sam Phui the daughter of King Thammikarath King of Lan Xang \| Daughter married to her half-brother King Pindale Min \| Among of his queens one of the notable junior queen were Sao Nang Su Thar, the daughter of Sao Hswe Hking the saopha of Ounbaunglay who didn't give birth children And all he had 22 children (twelve sons and ten daughters): three sons and four daughters by principal queens, and eight sons and six daughters by junior queens. Two of the notable children by junior queens were: Ne Myo Ye Kyaw and Khin Ma Min Sit the couple who give birth King Minye Kyawhtin the King who have the fourth level direct pedigree from King Nanda Bayin	enwiki/17936590	enwiki	17,936,590	Thalun	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalun	2025-06-27T18:20:36Z	en	Q3056645	88,354	{{Infobox royalty \| type = monarch \| name = Thado Dhammaraza Thalun <br>{{lang\|my\|သာလွန်}} \| title = King of Toungoo \| image = File:Statute of King Thalun.jpg \| caption = The statute of king Thalun in [[Mandalay Palace]] \| reign = 19 August 1630 – 27 August 1648 \| coronation = \| succession = [[List of Burmese monarchs\|King of Burma]] \| predecessor = [[Minyedeippa]] \| successor = [[Pindale Min\|Pindale]] \| suc-type = Successor \| reg-type = \| regent = \| spouse = 13 queens <br> • Khin Myo Sit<ref name=hy-3-249-251>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 249–251</ref> <br> • Khin Thet Hnin of Mone (Sinthumala the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the ''sawbwa'' of Mone) <br> • Khin Myat Hset of Pinya <br> \| issue = 12 sons and 9 daughters including: <br> • Ne Myo Ye Kyaw son<ref name=my-3-214>Maha Yazawin Vol. 3 2006: 214</ref> <br> • Khin Ma Min Sit daughter<ref name=my-3-214/> \| issue-link = \| full name = Birth name: Minye Theinkhathu <ref name=hy-3-143>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 143</ref> \| house = [[Toungoo dynasty\|Toungoo]] \| father = [[Nyaungyan Min\|Nyaungyan]] \| mother = Khin Hpone Myat<ref name=hy-3-42>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 42</ref> \| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1584\|6\|17\|df=y}} <br> Sunday, 5th waxing of Nayon 946 [[Burmese calendar\|ME]]<ref name=hy-3-247>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 247</ref> \| birth_place = \| death_date = {{death date and age\|1648\|8\|27\|1584\|6\|17\|df=y}} <br> Thursday, 10th waning of Tawthalin 1010 ME \| death_place = [[Inwa\|Ava]] (Inwa) \| date of burial = 29 August 1648 \| place of burial = ''Inwa Palace'' \| religion = [[Theravada Buddhism]] \| signature = }} {{Contains special characters\|Burmese}} '''Thalun''' ({{langx\|my\|သာလွန်မင်း}}, {{IPA\|my\|θàlʊ̀ɰ̃\|pron}}; 17 June 1584 – 27 August 1648) was the eighth king of [[Toungoo dynasty]] of [[Burma]] (Myanmar). During his 19-year reign, Thalun successfully rebuilt the war-torn country which had been under constant warfare for nearly a century since the 1530s. Thalun instituted many administrative reforms and rebuilt the economy of the kingdom. In 1608, Anaukpetlun captured [[Prome]] and made Thalun the governor of Prome. In 1628, Anaukpetlun was murdered by his own son [[Minyedeippa]] who made himself king. Thalun was then on his campaigns against the Shans at Kengtung with his brother [[Minye Kyawswa II of Toungoo\|Minye Kyawswa II]], the governor of Ava. However, the death of Anaukpetlun forced the two to return to Pegu to claim the throne from the unlawful king and to counter the opportunistic [[Arakanese people\|Arakanese]] invasions. Thalun became the center of rallying against Minyedaikpa and was proclaimed the crown prince. In 1630, Thalun and Minye Kyawswa were able to take [[Pegu]] and executed Minyedeippa.<ref name=Damrong>Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., {{ISBN\|9747534584}}</ref>{{rp\|218}} At Pegu, there was an assassination attempt by a [[Mon people\|Mon]] on King Thalun, which resulted in the massacre of the Mons. Thalun fought a three-year campaign against [[Lanna]], finally subjugating them in 1632. In 1634, Thalun moved the capital to Ava and crowned himself king of Ava and made his brother Minye Kyawswa crown prince, [[Maha Uparaja]]. Thalun then concentrated on building pagodas and other works of merit.<ref name=Damrong/>{{rp\|219}} However, Minye Kyawswa died on 28 August 1648. Thalun then made his own son [[Pindale Min\|Pindale]] as the crown prince. The son of Minye Kyawswa who wanted the crown prince title for himself staged a rebellion. The palace was sacked and Thalun fled to [[Sagaing]]. However, the rebellion was soon put down and the conspirators were burnt alive. Thalun died on 19 October 1648, succeeded by his son Pindale. ==Family== Thalun had one chief-queen, one principal queen and ten junior queens who give birth children. Most of them a noble's daughter More than a royal family. {\| class="wikitable" \|- ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" \| Name ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" \| Mother ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" \| Brief \|- \| 1. Minye Narathiha \| Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State\|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' \| Son, died at age 7 years old \|- \| 2. Thakin Phyu \| Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State\|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' \| Son \|- \| 3. Min Phyu \| Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State\|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' \| Daughter \|- \| 4. Khin Ma (Shwe Sinthu) \| Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthu Mala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State\|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' \| Daughter married to half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw \|- \| 5. Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' \| Daughter married to her full-brother Thakin Kyaw [[Pindale Min\|Pindale]] \|- \| 6. Thakin Kyaw [[Pindale Min\|Pindale]] \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' \| Son, Minye Nawrahta Gyi, Minye Nandameit become the King [[Pindale Min\|Pindale]], married to full-sister Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) \|- \| 7. Khin Pan Phyu \| Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' \| Daughter married to half-brother Thakin Phyu \|- \| 8. Thakin Nyo \| Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of [[Pyay]] Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw \| Son Governor of Tineta and [[Kanni]] married to Khin Phyu, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu \|- \| 9. Thakin Ne Myo Dahta \| Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of [[Pyay]] Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw \| Son Governor of Tineta married to Khin Ma Shwe Pa Chop, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu \|- \| 10. Thakin Talote \| Khin Hla San \| Son Governor of [[Amyint]] married to half-sister Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe \|- \| 11. Hpone Khaing Thit \| Khin Hla San \| Daughter died at age 22 years old \|- \| 12. Zeyawara (Shin Talout Naw) \| [[Pinya]] Minthami, Khin Myat Hset \| Son become the King [[Pye Min]] married to Khin Ma Lat, the daughter of Minye Mawrahta \|- \| 13. Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe \| Shin Hla Nyi, the elder sister of Upathitha Governor of [[Launglon Township\|Nyaung Pin Seik]] \| Daughter married to half brother Thakin Talout \|- \| 14. Ne Myo Ye Kyaw (Minye Aung Din) \| Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from [[Pagan Kingdom]]) + his wife Min Lat \| Son married with half-sister Shwe Sinthu and Khin Ma Min Sit, he died by shock from an overdose of marijuana, and get a nickname ''Siputtara Mingyi'' means King of [[Marijuana]] \|- \| 15. Narazeya \| Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from [[Pagan Kingdom]]) + his wife Min Lat \| Son \|- \| 16. Thakin Pinya \| A Htaing (Royal's friend) Nè Nyunt (''Nai Rung'') \| Son, through the fourth level of practice dharma of [[Buddhist]] \|- \| 17. Khin Ma Min Sit \| [[Toungoo]] Shwe Nan, Khin Ma Shwe Nan, the daughter of Thiri Dhamma Thawka Governor of [[Toungoo]] with the rank [[Toungoo]] Myo Thit and the son of King [[Nanda Bayin]] \| Daughter married with half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw \|- \| 18. Aggapatta \| Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of [[Nawrahta Minsaw]] of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi \| Daughter died at age 10 years old \|- \| 19. Minye Kutha \| Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of [[Nawrahta Minsaw]] of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi \| Son, \|- \| 20. Thakin Pu Phyu \| Phyu Hnin Kalyar (''Kaew Hnin Kalyar''), the daughter of Binnya Than Lan (''Phraya Sam Lan'') \| Son died at age 16 years old \|- \| 21. Sittaya Nyunt Lao \| ''Nai Mauk'' the niece of Binnya Yaza (Maybe Phraya Racharithanon) the daughter of the ''saopha'' of [[Chiang Saen]] (Phraya Luang Thipphanet) \| Daughter \|- \| 22.Khin Nè Ku \| ''Yuang Kaew Mallika'' the daughter of ''Sao Ngam Möng'' the ''saopha'' of Möng Fang and his queen ''Nang Sam Phui'' the daughter of King [[Voravongsa II\|Thammikarath]] King of [[Lan Xang]] \| Daughter married to her half-brother King [[Pindale Min]] \|} Among of his queens one of the notable junior queen were ''Sao Nang Su Thar'', the daughter of ''Sao Hswe Hking'' the ''saopha'' of [[Hsipaw\|Ounbaunglay]] who didn't give birth children And all he had 22 children (twelve sons and ten daughters): three sons and four daughters by principal queens, and eight sons and six daughters by junior queens. Two of the notable children by junior queens were: Ne Myo Ye Kyaw and Khin Ma Min Sit the couple who give birth King [[Minye Kyawhtin]] the King who have the fourth level direct pedigree from King [[Nanda Bayin]] ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==References== * {{cite book \| last=Harvey \| first= G. E.\| title=History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 \| publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd \| year = 1925\| location = London}} * {{cite book \| title=Hmannan Yazawin \| volume=1–3 \| year=1829 \| location=Yangon \| language=Burmese \| edition=2003 \| publisher=Ministry of Information, Myanmar}} * {{cite book \| last=Lieberman \| author-link=Victor Lieberman \| first=Victor B. \| title=Burmese Administrative Cycles: Anarchy and Conquest, c. 1580–1760 \| year=1984 \| publisher=Princeton University Press \| isbn=0-691-05407-X}} * {{cite journal \| author=Than Tun \| author-link=Than Tun \| url=http://www.lib.washington.edu/myanmar/pdfs/TT0003J.pdf \| title=Administration under King Thalun (1629-48) \| journal=Journal of Burma Research Society \| volume=51 \| number=2 \| date=1968}} * {{cite book \| author=Than Tun \| author-link=Than Tun \| title=The Royal Orders of Burma, A.D. 1598–1885 \| year=1985 \| volume=2 \| publisher=Kyoto University \| hdl=2433/173789 }} * {{cite book \| last=Kala \| first=U \| title=Maha Yazawin \| title-link=Maha Yazawin \| publisher=Ya-Pyei Publishing \| location=Yangon \| year=1724 \| edition=2006, 4th printing \| language=Burmese \| volume=1–3}} ==External links== *{{cite web\|url= http://www.lib.washington.edu/asp/myanmar/pdfs/TT0023J.pdf \|title=Thalun Mint Let-Htet Ote-Chote-Yay }} {{small\|(1444 KB)}}. {{s-start}} {{s-hou\|[[Toungoo Dynasty]]\|17 June\|1584\|27 August\|1648}} {{s-reg}} {{s-bef\|before=[[Minyedeippa]]}} {{s-ttl\|title=[[List of Burmese monarchs\|King of Burma]]\|years=19 August 1629 – 27 August 1648}} {{s-aft\|after=[[Pindale Min\|Pindale]]}} {{s-roy}} {{s-bef\|before=[[Anaukpetlun]]}} {{s-ttl\|title=[[List of heirs to the Burmese thrones\|Heir to the Burmese Throne]]\|years=3 March 1606 – 9 July 1628}} {{s-aft\|after=[[Minye Kyawswa II of Toungoo\|Minye Kyawswa II]]}} {{s-bef\|before=[[Yan Naing of Prome\|Yan Naing]] <br> as King of Prome}} {{s-ttl\|title=[[List of rulers of Prome\|Viceroy of Prome]]\|years=2 November 1620 – 9 July 1628}} {{s-aft\|after=[[Udein Kyawhtin]] <br> as Governor of Prome}} {{s-end}} {{Burmese monarchs}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Rulers of Toungoo]] [[Category:1584 births]] [[Category:1648 deaths]] [[Category:17th-century Burmese monarchs]] {{Burma-royal-stub}}	1,297,667,971	[{"title": "King of Burma", "data": {"Reign": "19 August 1630 \u2013 27 August 1648", "Predecessor": "Minyedeippa", "Successor": "Pindale"}}]	false
# I Won't Let You Down (Ph.D. song) "I Won't Let You Down" is a song by British band Ph.D., released as the second single from their eponymous debut studio album (1981). It entered the Australian charts in October 1981 and reached number five; it entered the UK Singles Chart in April 1982 at number 34, peaked at number three the following month. It went on to become the 23rd best-selling single of 1982 in the UK. It was the band's biggest selling single and became one of lead singer Jim Diamond's signature songs (the song is often incorrectly credited to Diamond himself). Diamond re-recorded the song on his eponymous 1993 album Jim Diamond with a slightly different arrangement, and it remained a staple of his live shows up until his death in 2015. ## Music video The original music video for the song was set in and around the Queensway area of West London. As with the band's previous single "Little Suzi's on the Up", the video is shot in a slapstick comedy style and features Jim Diamond as a well-dressed man trying to win back the affections of his lover (played by Nina Carter) (thus mirroring the theme of the song) using presents and taking her to upmarket bars and restaurants. Tony Hymas appears as the video's antagonist; in various scenes dressed in various disguises he makes unsuccessful attempts to assassinate, or maim Diamond's character in order to win the affections of the woman. He is finally successful when, posing as a car dealer, he lures Diamond into a second hand car, which is revealed to be on the end of a crane in a scrapyard being lifted up, whilst Hymas walks away with the girl as the camera zooms out and fades to black. ## Charts \| Chart (1982) \| Peak position \| \| --------------------------------- \| ------------- \| \| Australia (Kent Music Report) \| 5 \| \| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) \| 1 \| \| Ireland (IRMA) \| 3 \| \| Italy (Musica e dischi) \| 2 \| \| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) \| 1 \| \| Netherlands (Single Top 100) \| 1 \| \| South Africa (Springbok Radio) \| 6 \| \| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) \| 2 \| \| UK Singles (OCC) \| 3 \| \| West Germany (GfK) \| 14 \| \| Chart (1982) \| Position \| \| ------------------------------------- \| -------- \| \| Australia (Kent Music Report) \| 37 \| \| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) \| 2 \| \| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) \| 2 \| \| Netherlands (Single Top 100) \| 9 \| \| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) \| 17 \| \| UK Singles (BMRB) \| 24 \| \| West Germany (Official German Charts) \| 28 \| ## Certifications \| Region \| Certification \| Certified units/sales \| \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------- \| --------------------- \| \| Netherlands (NVPI) \| Gold \| 100,000^ \| \| United Kingdom (BPI) \| Silver \| 250,000^ \| \| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. \| \| \| ## Cover versions - In 1992, the song was covered by '2 Boys', which was then released in 1993, produced by Pascal Blach, Samy Deep and Bobby Luccini. The song hit the Dutch and Belgian Charts in 1993, and stayed there for 9 weeks in the Netherlands, peaking on the 20th position, and it stayed for 14 weeks in the Belgian Charts, with a 6th position peak.[23] - In 1999, Australian singer Kate Ceberano recorded a cover version of "I Won't Let You Down", which was released in July 1999 as the first single for her first compilation album, True Romantic. She performed the song on Hey Hey It's Saturday.[24] The single reached position 50 on the Australian charts.[25] - An Italian version of the song by Zucchero, titled Tutti i colori della mia vita ("All the Colours of My Life"), was released in 2008. It reached position 7 on the Italian charts.[26] - American DJ Armand van Helden covered the song under the title Wings (I Won't Let You Down) in 2022, featuring singer Karen Harding.[27]	enwiki/12674390	enwiki	12,674,390	I Won't Let You Down (Ph.D. song)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Won%27t_Let_You_Down_(Ph.D._song)	2025-06-17T19:27:32Z	en	Q1933757	112,655	{{Short description\|1981 single by Ph.D.}} {{Infobox song \| name = I Won't Let You Down \| cover = phd004.jpg \| alt = \| caption = UK 7-inch single cover \| type = single \| artist = [[Ph.D. (band)\|Ph.D.]] \| album = [[Ph.D. (Ph.D. album)\|Ph.D.]] \| B-side = Hideaway \| released = 17 April 1981<ref>{{cite magazine\|title=Releases\|magazine=[[Record Mirror]]\|date=25 April 1981\|page=26\|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/57779449@N02/49961180932/in/album-72157714542635617/\|via=[[Flickr]]\|access-date=8 February 2021}}</ref> \| recorded = \| studio = [[Ramport Studios\|Ramport]] (London) \| genre = [[Synth-pop]]<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Sweeting \|first1=Adam \|last2=MacAskill \|first2=Ewen \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/oct/11/jim-diamond \|title=Jim Diamond obituary \|work=[[The Guardian]] \|date=11 October 2015 \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| length = 4:10 \| label = [[Warner Music Group\|WEA]] \| writer = * [[Jim Diamond (singer)\|Jim Diamond]] * [[Tony Hymas]] \| producer = Ph.D. \| prev_title = [[Little Suzi's on the Up]] \| prev_year = 1981 \| next_title = There's No Answer to It \| next_year = 1982 }} "'''I Won't Let You Down'''" is a song by British band [[Ph.D. (band)\|Ph.D.]], released as the second single from their [[Ph.D. (Ph.D. album)\|eponymous debut studio album]] (1981). It entered the Australian charts in October 1981 and reached number five;<ref name="Kent"/> it entered the [[UK Singles Chart]] in April 1982 at number 34, peaked at number three the following month. It went on to become the 23rd best-selling single of 1982 in the UK. It was the band's biggest selling single and became one of lead singer [[Jim Diamond (singer)\|Jim Diamond]]'s signature songs (the song is often incorrectly credited to Diamond himself). Diamond re-recorded the song on his eponymous 1993 album ''[[Jim Diamond (1993 album)\|Jim Diamond]]'' with a slightly different arrangement, and it remained a staple of his live shows up until his death in 2015. ==Music video== {{unreferenced section\|date=February 2023}} The original music video for the song was set in and around the [[Queensway, London\|Queensway]] area of West London. As with the band's previous single "Little Suzi's on the Up", the video is shot in a [[slapstick]] comedy style and features Jim Diamond as a well-dressed man trying to win back the affections of his lover (played by [[Nina Carter]]) (thus mirroring the theme of the song) using presents and taking her to upmarket bars and restaurants. Tony Hymas appears as the video's antagonist; in various scenes dressed in various disguises he makes unsuccessful attempts to assassinate, or maim Diamond's character in order to win the affections of the woman. He is finally successful when, posing as a car dealer, he lures Diamond into a second hand car, which is revealed to be on the end of a crane in a scrapyard being lifted up, whilst Hymas walks away with the girl as the camera zooms out and fades to black. ==Charts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Weekly charts=== {\| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|+ Weekly chart performance for "I Won't Let You Down" ! scope="col"\| Chart (1982) ! scope="col"\| Peak<br>position \|- ! scope="row"\| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name="Kent">{{cite book \|last=Kent \|first=David \|author-link=David Kent (historian) \|title=Australian Top 20 Book 1940–2006 \|location=Turramurra, N.S.W. \|publisher=Australian Chart Book \|year=2007 \|isbn=978-0-646-47665-0}}</ref><ref name="aus81">{{cite web\|title= National Top 100 Singles for 1981 \|publisher= [[Kent Music Report]] \|issue= 393 \|page= 7 \|via= [[Imgur]] \|date= 4 January 1982 \|access-date= 11 January 2022 \|url= https://i.imgur.com/RgsDOOc.jpg}}</ref> \| 5 \|- {{single chart\|Flanders\|1\|artist=Ph.D.\|song=I Won't Let You Down\|rowheader=true}} \|- {{single chart\|Ireland2\|3\|artist=PHD\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2019}} \|- ! scope="row"\| Italy (''[[Musica e dischi]]'')<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.musicaedischi.it/classifiche_archivio.php \|title=Classifiche \|work=[[Musica e dischi]] \|language=it \|access-date=8 June 2022}} ''Select "Singoli" in the "Tipo" field, type "I Won't Let You Down" in the "Titolo" field and press "cerca".''</ref> \| 2 \|- {{single chart\|Dutch40\|1\|artist=PH-D\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2019}} \|- {{single chart\|Dutch100\|1\|artist=Ph.D.\|song=I Won't Let You Down\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2019}} \|- ! scope="row"\| South Africa ([[Springbok Radio]])<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.rock.co.za/files/springbok_top_20_(P).html \|title=SA Charts 1965–1989 (As presented on Springbok Radio/Radio Orion) – Acts P \|website=The South African Rock Encyclopedia \|access-date=23 September 2019 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925122358/http://www.rock.co.za/files/springbok_top_20_(P).html \|archive-date=25 September 2019}}</ref> \| 6 \|- {{single chart\|Switzerland\|2\|artist=Ph.D.\|song=I Won't Let You Down\|rowheader=true}} \|- {{single chart\|UKsinglesbyname\|3\|artist=P-H-D\|artistid=19510\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2019}} \|- {{single chart\|West Germany\|14\|songid=823\|artist=Ph.D.\|song=I Won't Let You Down\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2019}} \|} {{col-2}} ===Year-end charts=== {\| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|+ Year-end chart performance for "I Won't Let You Down" ! scope="col"\| Chart (1982) ! scope="col"\| Position \|- ! scope="row"\| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name="aus81"/> \| 37 \|- ! scope="row"\| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=1982&cat=s \|title=Jaaroverzichten 1982 – Singles \|language=nl \|publisher=Ultratop \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| 2 \|- ! scope="row"\| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.top40.nl/bijzondere-lijsten/top-100-jaaroverzichten/1982 \|title=Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1982 \|language=nl \|publisher=Dutch Top 40 \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| 2 \|- ! scope="row"\| Netherlands (Single Top 100)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1982&cat=s \|title=Jaaroverzichten – Single 1982 \|language=nl \|publisher=[[Dutch Charts]] \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| 9 \|- ! scope="row"\| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://hitparade.ch/charts/jahreshitparade/1982 \|title=Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1982 \|website=hitparade.ch \|language=de \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| 17 \|- ! scope="row"\| UK Singles ([[British Market Research Bureau Limited\|BMRB]])<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Rees \|first1=Dafydd \|last2=Lazell \|first2=Barry \|last3=Jones \|first3=Alan \|chapter=The Top 100 UK Singles \|title=Chart File Volume 2 \|location=London \|publisher=[[Virgin Books]] \|year=1983 \|pages=80–81 \|isbn=0-907080-73-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Copsey \|first=Rob \|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/the-official-top-50-best-selling-songs-of-1982__32665/ \|title=The Official Top 50 best-selling songs of 1982 \|publisher=Official Charts Company \|date=12 March 2021 \|access-date=8 June 2022}}</ref> \| 24 \|- ! scope="row"\| West Germany (Official German Charts)<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/single-jahr/for-date-1982 \|title=Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts – 1982 \|language=de \|publisher=GfK Entertainment \|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> \| 28 \|} {{col-end}} ==Certifications== {{Certification Table Top\|caption=Certifications for "I Won't Let You Down"}} {{Certification Table Entry\|region=Netherlands\|artist=Ph. D.\|title=I Won't Let You Down\|award=Gold\|type=single\|relyear=1981\|certyear=1981\|access-date=July 16, 2022}} {{Certification Table Entry\|region=United Kingdom\|artist=Ph D\|title=I Won't Let You Down\|award=Silver\|type=single\|relyear=1981\|certyear=1981\|id=3173-1152-1\|date=1 May 1982\|access-date=8 June 2022}} {{Certification Table Bottom\|nosales=yes}} ==Cover versions== * In 1992, the song was covered by '2 Boys', which was then released in 1993, produced by Pascal Blach, Samy Deep and Bobby Luccini. The song hit the Dutch and Belgian Charts in 1993, and stayed there for 9 weeks in the Netherlands, peaking on the 20th position, and it stayed for 14 weeks in the Belgian Charts, with a 6th position peak.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=2+Boys&titel=I+Won%27t+Let+You+Down&cat=s \| title=Dutch Charts - dutchcharts.nl }}</ref> * In 1999, Australian singer [[Kate Ceberano]] recorded a cover version of "I Won't Let You Down", which was released in July 1999 as the first single for her first compilation album, ''[[True Romantic]]''. She performed the song on ''[[Hey Hey It's Saturday]]''.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mtckKihDM \|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/44mtckKihDM \|archive-date=2021-12-21 \|url-status=live\|title=Kate Ceberano - I Won't Let You Down - Hey Hey It's Saturday 1999\|date=9 May 2010 \|via=[[YouTube]]\|access-date=23 April 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The single reached position 50 on the Australian charts.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=australian-charts.com - Kate Ceberano - I Won't Let You Down \|url=https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Kate+Ceberano&titel=I+Won%27t+Let+You+Down \|access-date=2024-03-19 \|website=australian-charts.com}}</ref> * An Italian version of the song by [[Zucchero]], titled ''Tutti i colori della mia vita'' ("All the Colours of My Life"), was released in 2008. It reached position 7 on the Italian charts.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=italiancharts.com - Zucchero Sugar Fornaciari - Tutti i colori della mia vita \|url=https://italiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Zucchero+Sugar+Fornaciari&titel=Tutti+i+colori+della+mia+vita \|access-date=2024-03-19 \|website=italiancharts.com}}</ref> * American DJ [[Armand van Helden]] covered the song under the title ''Wings (I Won't Let You Down)'' in 2022, featuring singer [[Karen Harding]].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Major \|first=Michael \|title=Armand Van Helden Enlists Karen Harding For Rework of 'Wings (I Won't Let You Down)' \|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Armand-Van-Helden-Enlists-Karen-Harding-For-Rework-of-Wings-I-Wont-Let-You-Down-20221220 \|access-date=2024-03-19 \|website=BroadwayWorld.com \|language=en}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Kate Ceberano}} {{authority control}} [[Category:1981 songs]] [[Category:1981 singles]] [[Category:1982 singles]] [[Category:1999 singles]] [[Category:Ph.D. (band) songs]] [[Category:Kate Ceberano songs]] [[Category:Dutch Top 40 number-one singles]] [[Category:Number-one singles in the Netherlands]] [[Category:Ultratop 50 Singles (Flanders) number-one singles]] [[Category:Songs written by Jim Diamond (singer)]] [[Category:Festival Records singles]] [[Category:Warner Music Group singles]]	1,296,092,189	[{"title": "from the album Ph.D.", "data": {"B-side": "\"Hideaway\"", "Released": "17 April 1981", "Studio": "Ramport (London)", "Genre": "Synth-pop", "Length": "4:10", "Label": "WEA", "Songwriter(s)": "Jim Diamond Tony Hymas", "Producer(s)": "Ph.D."}}, {"title": "Ph.D. singles chronology", "data": {"\"Little Suzi's on the Up\" \u00b7 (1981)": "\"I Won't Let You Down\" \u00b7 (1981) \u00b7 \"There's No Answer to It\" \u00b7 (1982)"}}, {"title": "Kate Ceberano", "data": {"Studio albums": "Brave Like Now Think About It! Blue Box Pash The Girl Can Help It 19 Days in New York Nine Lime Avenue So Much Beauty Bittersweet Dallas et Kate Merry Christmas Kensal Road Lullaby Tryst The Dangerous Age Sweet Inspiration My Life Is a Symphony", "Live albums": "Kate Ceberano and Her Septet Kate Ceberano and Friends Kate Ceberano Live with the WASO The Monash Sessions", "Soundtracks": "You've Always Got the Blues Jesus Christ Superstar", "Compilations": "True Romantic Anthology", "Notable singles": "\" Love Don't Live Here Anymore \" \" I'm Beginning to See the Light \" \" Bedroom Eyes \" \" Love Dimension \" \" Young Boys Are My Weakness\"/\"Brave \" \" That's What I Call Love \" \" Nature Boy \" \" Every Little Thing \" \" Everything's Alright \" \" I Don't Know How to Love Him \" \" Love and Affection \" \" Pash \" \" I Won't Let You Down \"", "Related artists": "Tino Ceberano Models Out of Mind, Out of Sight I'm Talking Bear Witness"}}]	false
# Alfred P. Thorne Alfred Palmerston Thorne (May 4, 1913 – August 12, 2012) was a development economist, international consultant and educator. He was a featured university lecturer at a number of international campuses including Oxford University. Authoring many articles on the economic development experience of developing countries, his scholarly works were published by Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Oxford Economic Papers, University of Puerto Rico, and University of the West Indies. Among other works, Dr. Thorne authored the Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study. The monograph traces the flow of national income throughout the country's economic sectors. It was very well received and has been collected by and taught at institutions and libraries across the globe. Thorne was also a contributor to Development Without Aid by Leopold Kohr in which he wrote an introduction and rebuttal to the book's major premise. Alfred P. Thorne received his PhD in Economics and Masters in Business Administration from Columbia University, and received a BComm Honors from the London School of Economics. He became a consultant to the Puerto Rico Planning Board and Department of Commerce, the United Nations, USAID, CIDES and several nations. He witnessed the regime change against Professor Juan Bosch in the Dominican Republic and was an active member of the Instituto de Estudios del Caribe (IEC), the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth. He corresponded with Noam Chomsky and Jan Tinbergen, and Ernst Schumacher asked to meet with him when Schumacher visited Puerto Rico. ## Personal life Alfred P. Thorne was the first child of Alfred Athiel Thorne (A. A. Thorne) and Violet Janet Ashurst. ### Early life and education Alfred P. Thorne was born in Georgetown, British Guiana on May 4, 1913, to a prominent family. His father was Alfred Athiel Thorne, a highly popular and influential statesman, served as mayor of British Guiana's capital city Georgetown, founded and led the British Guiana Worker's League in 1931 (one of the first human rights and labor rights organizations in the Western Hemisphere), and educator who established one of the first free co-educational private secondary schools in the world to admit students based on merit regardless of gender, ethnicity, color, religion, or socioeconomic status. Alfred P. Thorne's mother was Violet Janet Thorne (née Ashurst), an educator, artist, and mother of four sons and a daughter. Alfred P. Thorne was an outstanding scholar who excelled in the British education system. He passed the Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board in 1929. He was fluent in English, Spanish, French, Latin and also proficient at reading and writing classical Greek and Latin to Oxford/Cambridge standards. During World War II, he completed his extramural studies and earned a B.Com. (Honors) from the London School of Economics at the University of London in 1941. In 1950 he earned a master's degree from Columbia University Graduate School of Business. In May, 1958 he received official notification from the Columbia University Department of Economics that his doctoral thesis had been accepted and was awarded a PhD in economics. ### Marriage and Family Alfred P. Thorne married Edith Vivienne Thorne (née Campbell) in Georgetown, British Guiana on January 5, 1946, at St. Sidwell's Church Lodge. Vivienne was the second daughter of Mr. Charles A. Campbell. She had been a child prodigy at the piano and later went on to earn a master's degree in economics. Together with his wife, Thorne raised two children: Hugh C. Thorne and Alfred Thorne Jr. Thorne took early retirement from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977 to care for his youngest son, Alfred Jr., who had been diagnosed with a terminal illness years earlier. Thorne moved to New York in 1982 to resume his research work, which culminated in a book titled Poor By Design, published in 2012. The book was completed with one of his granddaughters, Malaika Thorne, and chronicled on the blog Unraveling Poverty. ## Career ### British Guiana Dr. Thorne's career as an economist began in 1945 when he was recruited by Sir Winston Churchill's cousin, Oscar A. Spencer, first economic adviser to the Governor of British Guiana, to assist with the country's first economic development plan. Alfred P. Thorne was tasked with forecasting the gross domestic product and national income for policy-making and planning. ### New York City In 1950, Columbia University Professor Carl S. Schoup, Alfred Thorne's former professor, recruited Thorne to join a team of leading economists to diagnose and analyze the financial problems of New York City. The team's work was published under the title The Financial Problems of the City of New York in 1952. ### Innovative View of Development in Jamaica He was invited to join the research staff of the University of the West Indies in December of 1953. During his time there, he conducted a study that was published as a national income study of the economy of Jamaica, funded by the university, the British Government and the Government of Jamaica. It was the first disciplined and thorough look at the developing economy of Jamaican. Thorne's approach to the study was an innovation that used accounting as a framework to trace the flow of income from one economic sector to the next. The report of this study was published as the monograph in 1955. The monograph was praised for its innovations in national income accounting and use in economic planning and forecasting in a review by Professor Ursula Hicks of Oxford University. The February, 1957 review referred to as "...sufficient to demonstrate to any developing country the great value of such knowledge for the successful planning of the development process." The monograph also became required reading at some of the leading universities. The research published in that study has been widely utilized by economists. ### Global Work From 1955 to 1965 Alfred P. Thorne joined the faculty of the newly created University of Puerto Rico Graduate School Economics. Two years later he was invited to be a consultant on Planning Board of the Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico. He was editor and published in Caribbean Studies, the premier publication of The Institute of Caribbean Studies, established in 1958 as part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is the first interdisciplinary research center in the region with the "Greater Caribbean" as its field of inquiry. Its mission is to conduct, support and divulge academic research of the region in the disciplines of Social Sciences and the Humanities. It includes original works and book reviews in English, Spanish and French. In June of 1959, he was invited to present a paper at First Latin American Regional Conference organized by the United Nations and International Association for Research In Income and Wealth, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An English version of the paper was published in Harvard University's The Review of Economics and Statistics, November, 1962, titled "Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies—More Appropriate Equations". From 1961 to 1962 he was a guest lecturer at Oxford University for Professors Frankel and Ursula Hicks. He was offered a full-time post at the university, but for family reasons could not accept. During the 1960s he also served as a council member of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth and was invited to be a non-resident member at Queen Elizabeth House. Between June 23-38, 1963, he presented a paper titled "A Critical Analysis of the Statistical and Economic Factors in the Growth Rates of Puerto Rico and Jamaica, 1950-59" at the 1963 conference of the International Association for the Research in Income and Wealth held in Corfu, Greece. He returned to the University of Puerto Rico and became a consultant to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) the following year. Through his work as a consultant, he visited various Caribbean countries and formally proposed development plans to the U. S. government regarding economic development in these countries. In the summer of 1964 he was a U.S.-sponsored visiting professor Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier and Universidad Mayor de San Andres in La Paz, Bolivia. From January through June of the following year, he was a visiting professor at Rutgers University. He became a professor at the newly formed Graduate School of Planning, University of Puerto Rico in August 1965. He also taught courses at the Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo. ### Research During the 1969–70 academic year, Dr. Thorne took a sabbatical during which he traveled around the world to conduct research on what became his last book. His travels included visiting the London—British Library, where he focused economic policies in the former British colonies. He also visited Paris—Les Archives, to study material related to what had been the French colonies. During that visit, he met with Dr. Bernard Gazes, France's chief economist and learned about France's approaches to making its economic policies. During his visit to the Netherlands he had a comparable interview with Professor Jan Tinbergen, who had just won the Nobel Prize for Economics, regarding similar matters on economic policy formation in the Netherlands. During the same trip, he interviewed Norway and Sweden's chief economists and with Malta's Minister of Finance. Dr. Thorne also visited Senegal, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia and interviewed both government officials and with non-government persons. He also obtained relevant economic policy information for Pakistan and India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan through relevant officials in those countries. He also stopped in Tokyo briefly before returning to Puerto Rico. Alfred P. Thorne warned the Puerto Rican government of the unsustainable trajectory that the country was traveling on in an OpEd published in the San Juan Star in 1972. He retired from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977. His work has been collected by universities, banks and other institutions of higher learning around the globe. His last book is the culmination of his experiences and years of research. It explains why some underdeveloped countries remain so after many decades of economic stagnation for their poorest inhabitants.	enwiki/37746083	enwiki	37,746,083	Alfred P. Thorne	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_P._Thorne	2025-06-28T04:13:26Z	en	Q4723259	86,527	[[File:Photograph of Alfred P. Thorne.jpg\|thumbnail\|Photograph of Alfred P. Thorne]] '''Alfred Palmerston Thorne''' (May 4, 1913 – August 12, 2012) was a development economist, international consultant and educator. He was a featured university lecturer at a number of international campuses including [[Oxford University]]. Authoring many articles on the economic development experience of developing countries, his scholarly works were published by [[Harvard University]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]],<ref name="SectorIncome">{{cite journal \| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1926664 \| jstor=1926664 \| doi=10.2307/1926664 \| title=Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies--More Appropriate Equations \| last1=Thorne \| first1=Alfred P. \| journal=The Review of Economics and Statistics \| date=1962 \| volume=44 \| issue=4 \| pages=466–472 \| url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Oxford Economic Papers]], [[University of Puerto Rico]], and University of the West Indies.<ref>{{cite journal \| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27853564 \| jstor=27853564 \| title=Revisions, and Suggestions for Deflating the Gross Product Estimates for Jamaican-type Economies \| last1=Thorne \| first1=Alfred P. \| journal=Social and Economic Studies \| date=1960 \| volume=9 \| issue=1 \| pages=41–56 }}</ref> Among other works, Dr. Thorne authored the Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study.<ref name="SizeStructure">{{Cite book \|last=Thorne \|first=Alfred P. \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wh92QgAACAAJ \|title=Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study \|date=1955}}</ref> The monograph traces the flow of national income throughout the country's economic sectors. It was very well received<ref name="OxfordEcon">{{cite journal \| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2662017 \| jstor=2662017 \| title=Learning about Economic Development \| last1=Hicks \| first1=Ursula K. \| journal=Oxford Economic Papers \| date=1957 \| volume=9 \| issue=1 \| pages=1–13 \| doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042268 \| url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1812310 \| jstor=1812310 \| last1=Murad \| first1=Anatol \| title=Reviewed work: Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study, Alfred P. Thorne \| journal=The American Economic Review \| date=1957 \| volume=47 \| issue=1 \| pages=186–189 }}</ref> and has been collected by and taught at institutions and libraries across the globe.<ref name="ScottishJournal">{{cite journal \| url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9485.1958.tb00348.x/abstract \| doi=10.1111/j.1467-9485.1958.tb00348.x \| title=The Practical Uses of Input-Loutput Analysis \| date=1958 \| last1=Stewart \| first1=I. G. \| journal=Scottish Journal of Political Economy \| volume=5 \| pages=50–59 \| url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27851041 \| jstor=27851041 \| title=Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study \| last1=Thorne \| first1=Alfred P. \| journal=Social and Economic Studies \| date=1955 \| volume=4 \| issue=4 }}</ref><ref name="BWI">List of books and serials on the British West Indies held in the Bobst Library circulating collections, [http://nyu.libguides.com/content.php?pid=41653&sid=360736 Research Institute for the Study of Man (RISM) Collections at New York University] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222063014/http://nyu.libguides.com/content.php?pid=41653&sid=360736 \|date=2014-02-22 }}. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://ugbclibrary.uog.edu.gy/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=au:%20%20Thorne%2C%20Alfred%20P \|title=University of Guyana Library \|access-date=2012-11-26 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222030439/http://ugbclibrary.uog.edu.gy/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=au:%20%20Thorne%2C%20Alfred%20P \|archive-date=2014-02-22 \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="CIFAS">Comitas Institute for Anthropological Study (CIFAS). "[http://www.cifas.us/page/chapter-41-general-economics Chapter 41: General Economics] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221230423/http://www.cifas.us/page/chapter-41-general-economics \|date=2014-02-21 }}", Section VII: Socioeconomic Activities and Institutions (41-52).</ref><ref>[http://www.abebooks.com/Size-Structure-Growth-Economy-Jamaica-Thorne/1420830848/bd Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica on AbeBooks.com].</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Aronson \|first=Robert L. \|date=1961 \|title=Labour Commitment Among Jamaican Bauxite Workers: A CASE STUDY \|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27853622 \|journal=Social and Economic Studies \|volume=10 \|issue=2 \|pages=156–182\|jstor=27853622 }}</ref><ref>McBain, Helen, "[http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/integracion_comercio/i_INTAL_IYT_15_2001_McBain.Pdf Income Inequality in the Caribbean: Case Study of Jamaica] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223030912/http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/integracion_comercio/i_INTAL_IYT_15_2001_McBain.Pdf \|date=2014-02-23 }}" in Integration & Trade, [Inter-American Development Bank], Volume 5 (September–December) 2001. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>Don Mitchell QBE QC [http://www.books.ai/11th/Tho.htm Mitchell's West Indian Bibliography], 11th Ed. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>Worldcat list of libraries holding Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3971549]. Retrieved on March 12, 2013.</ref><ref>Social and Economic Studies, Vol 37, No.s 1 & 2. [http://www.richardbernal.net/The_Great_Depression_Colonial_Policy_and_Industrialization_in_Jamaica.pdf] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301190158/http://www.richardbernal.net/The_Great_Depression_Colonial_Policy_and_Industrialization_in_Jamaica.pdf\|date=2014-03-01}}. Retrieved on February 15, 2014.</ref> Thorne was also a contributor to Development Without Aid by [[Leopold Kohr]]<ref name="DevWithoutAid">{{Cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0e6AAAAIAAJ \|isbn=0805237097 \|title=Development Without Aid: The Translucent Society \|last1=Kohr \|first1=Leopold \|date=1979 \|publisher=Schocken Books }}</ref> in which he wrote an introduction and rebuttal to the book's major premise. Alfred P. Thorne received his PhD in Economics and Masters in Business Administration from [[Columbia University]], and received a BComm Honors from the [[London School of Economics]]. He became a consultant to the Puerto Rico Planning Board and Department of Commerce, the [[United Nations]], [[USAID]], [[CIDES]] and several nations. He witnessed the regime change against Professor [[Juan Bosch (politician)\|Juan Bosch]] in the [[Dominican Republic]] and was an active member of the Instituto de Estudios del Caribe (IEC), the [https://iariw.org/about/purpose-function/ International Association for Research in Income and Wealth]. He corresponded with [[Noam Chomsky]] and [[Jan Tinbergen]], and [[E. F. Schumacher\|Ernst Schumacher]] asked to meet with him when Schumacher visited Puerto Rico. ==Personal life== Alfred P. Thorne was the first child of [[Alfred A. Thorne\|Alfred Athiel Thorne]] ([[Alfred A. Thorne\|A. A. Thorne]]) and Violet Janet Ashurst. ===Early life and education=== Alfred P. Thorne was born in Georgetown, [[British Guiana]] on May 4, 1913, to a prominent family. His father was [[Alfred A. Thorne\|Alfred Athiel Thorne]], a highly popular and influential statesman, served as mayor of British Guiana's capital city Georgetown, founded and led the British Guiana Worker's League in 1931 (one of the first human rights and labor rights organizations in the Western Hemisphere), and educator who established one of the first free co-educational private secondary schools in the world to admit students based on merit regardless of gender, ethnicity, color, religion, or socioeconomic status.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2492&dat=19970209&id=xrc1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=NSgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1028,1426027 "History Today: Alfred Athiel Thorne"], [[Stabroek News]], Guyana, Monday, Feb. 10, 1997. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref> Alfred P. Thorne's mother was Violet Janet Thorne (née Ashurst), an educator, artist, and mother of four sons and a daughter. Alfred P. Thorne was an outstanding scholar who excelled in the British education system. He passed the [[Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations\|Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board]] in 1929. He was fluent in English, Spanish, French, Latin and also proficient at reading and writing [[Ancient Greek\|classical Greek]] and Latin to Oxford/Cambridge standards. During World War II, he completed his extramural studies and earned a B.Com. (Honors) from the [[London School of Economics]] at the [[University of London]] in 1941. In 1950 he earned a master's degree from [[Columbia University]] Graduate School of Business. In May, 1958 he received official notification from the Columbia University Department of Economics that his doctoral thesis<ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/044769563 The Jamaican economy and its portrayal and analysis through appropriate systems of sector and national accounts.] Thesis--Columbia University.</ref> had been accepted and was awarded a PhD in economics. ===Marriage and Family=== Alfred P. Thorne married Edith Vivienne Thorne (née Campbell) in Georgetown, British Guiana on January 5, 1946, at St. Sidwell's Church Lodge.<ref>The Daily Argosy, January 13, 1946: page 2. As recorded on http://guygenbiosociety.blogspot.com/2010_01_01_archive.html, accessed December 19, 2012.</ref> Vivienne was the second daughter of Mr. Charles A. Campbell. She had been a child prodigy at the piano and later went on to earn a master's degree in economics. Together with his wife, Thorne raised two children: Hugh C. Thorne and Alfred Thorne Jr. Thorne took early retirement from the [[University of Puerto Rico]] in 1977 to care for his youngest son, Alfred Jr., who had been diagnosed with a terminal illness years earlier. Thorne moved to New York in 1982 to resume his research work, which culminated in a book titled <u>Poor By Design</u>,<ref>Thorne, Alfred P. [http://www.poorbydesignbook.com/ Poor By Design]. Terracentric Press. 2012.</ref> published in 2012. The book was completed with one of his granddaughters, Malaika Thorne, and chronicled on the blog [http://terracentricpress.com/words Unraveling Poverty]. ==Career== ===British Guiana=== Dr. Thorne's career as an economist began in 1945 when he was recruited by Sir [[Winston Churchill]]'s cousin, Oscar A. Spencer, first economic adviser to the Governor of British Guiana, to assist with the country's first economic development plan. Alfred P. Thorne was tasked with forecasting the gross domestic product and national income for policy-making and planning. ===New York City=== In 1950, Columbia University Professor [[Carl Shoup\|Carl S. Schoup]], Alfred Thorne's former professor, recruited Thorne to join a team of leading economists to diagnose and analyze the financial problems of New York City. The team's work was published under the title The Financial Problems of the City of New York in 1952.<ref name="FinProbNY">Schoup, Carl S. et al. "[https://www.amazon.com/The-Financial-Problem-City-York/dp/B000KYNF7G The Financial Problem of The City of New York: A Report to the Mayor's Committee on Management Survey]". Finance Project. June, 1952.</ref> ===Innovative View of Development in Jamaica=== He was invited to join the research staff of the [[University of the West Indies]] in December of 1953. During his time there, he conducted a study that was published as a national income study of the economy of Jamaica, funded by the university, the British Government and the Government of Jamaica. It was the first disciplined and thorough look at the developing economy of Jamaican. Thorne's approach to the study was an innovation that used accounting as a framework to trace the flow of income from one economic sector to the next. The report of this study was published as the monograph<ref name="SizeStructure" /> in 1955. The monograph was praised for its innovations in national income accounting and use in economic planning and forecasting in a review by Professor [[Lady Ursula Hicks\|Ursula Hicks]] of Oxford University.<ref name="OxfordEcon" /> The February, 1957 review referred to as "...sufficient to demonstrate to any developing country the great value of such knowledge for the successful planning of the development process." The monograph also became required reading at some of the leading universities. The research published in that study has been widely utilized by economists.<ref>Gene M, Tidrick. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032429/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAA009.pdf WAGE SPILLOVER AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN A WAGE GAP ECONOMY: THE JAMAICAN CASE]. Research Memorandum No. 4+7, [[Center for Development Economics]] Williams College, Wiliamstown, Massachusetts, June 1972. Hosted on usaid.gov, accessed December 19, 2012.</ref> ===Global Work=== From 1955 to 1965 Alfred P. Thorne joined the faculty of the newly created University of Puerto Rico Graduate School Economics. Two years later he was invited to be a consultant on Planning Board of the Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico. He was editor and published in ''Caribbean Studies'',<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Search results {{!}} JSTOR \|url=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?scope=eyJwYWdlTmFtZSI6ICJDYXJpYmJlYW4gU3R1ZGllcyIsICJwYWdlVXJsIjogIi9qb3VybmFsL2NhcmlzdHVkIiwgInR5cGUiOiAiam91cm5hbCIsICJqY29kZXMiOiAiY2FyaXN0dWQifQ==&Query=Thorne&so=rel \|access-date=2025-06-13 \|website=www.jstor.org}}</ref> the premier publication of The Institute of Caribbean Studies, established in 1958 as part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is the first interdisciplinary research center in the region with the "Greater Caribbean" as its field of inquiry. Its mission is to conduct, support and divulge academic research of the region in the disciplines of Social Sciences and the Humanities. It includes original works and book reviews in English, Spanish and French. In June of 1959, he was invited to present a paper at First Latin American Regional Conference organized by the [[United Nations]] and [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2012.00529.x/abstract International Association for Research In Income and Wealth], in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An English version of the paper was published in Harvard University's [[The Review of Economics and Statistics]], November, 1962, titled "[https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1926664?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101482904387 Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies—More Appropriate Equations]". From 1961 to 1962 he was a guest lecturer at Oxford University for Professors Frankel and Ursula Hicks. He was offered a full-time post at the university, but for family reasons could not accept. During the 1960s he also served as a council member of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth and was invited to be a non-resident member at Queen Elizabeth House. Between June 23-38, 1963, he presented a paper titled "[http://www.roiw.org/11/8.pdf A Critical Analysis of the Statistical and Economic Factors in the Growth Rates of Puerto Rico and Jamaica, 1950-59]" at the 1963 conference of the International Association for the Research in Income and Wealth held in Corfu, Greece.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Studies in short-term national accounts and long-term economic growth. Income and Wealth, Series XI - 1965 \|url=http://www.roiw.org/1965.asp \|access-date=2025-06-13 \|website=www.roiw.org}}</ref> He returned to the University of Puerto Rico and became a consultant to the [[United States Agency for International Development]] ([[USAID]]) the following year. Through his work as a consultant, he visited various Caribbean countries and formally proposed development plans to the U. S. government regarding economic development in these countries. In the summer of 1964 he was a U.S.-sponsored visiting professor Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier and Universidad Mayor de San Andres in La Paz, Bolivia. From January through June of the following year, he was a visiting professor at Rutgers University. He became a professor at the newly formed Graduate School of Planning, University of Puerto Rico in August 1965. He also taught courses at the Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo. ===Research=== During the 1969–70 academic year, Dr. Thorne took a sabbatical during which he traveled around the world to conduct research on what became his last book. His travels included visiting the London—British Library, where he focused economic policies in the former British colonies. He also visited Paris—Les Archives, to study material related to what had been the French colonies. During that visit, he met with Dr. Bernard Gazes, France's chief economist and learned about France's approaches to making its economic policies. During his visit to the Netherlands he had a comparable interview with Professor [[Jan Tinbergen]], who had just won the [[Nobel Prize for Economics]], regarding similar matters on economic policy formation in the Netherlands. During the same trip, he interviewed Norway and Sweden's chief economists and with Malta's Minister of Finance. Dr. Thorne also visited Senegal, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia and interviewed both government officials and with non-government persons. He also obtained relevant economic policy information for Pakistan and India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan through relevant officials in those countries. He also stopped in Tokyo briefly before returning to Puerto Rico. Alfred P. Thorne warned the Puerto Rican government of the unsustainable trajectory that the country was traveling on in an OpEd published in the [[San Juan Star]] in 1972.<ref name="SanJuanStarOpEd">Thorne, Alfred P. "Updating Economic Planning Here," The San Juan Star. April 11, 1972, Focus/Forum, 20.</ref> He retired from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977. His work has been collected by universities, banks and other institutions of higher learning around the globe.<ref name="SectorIncome" /><ref name="OxfordEcon" /><ref name="ScottishJournal" /><ref name="BWI" /><ref name="CIFAS" /><ref>[https://archive.today/20130419025543/http://library2.nalis.gov.tt/greenstone/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=d-01000-00---off-0index08--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-3-1-00-0-0-11-1-0gbk-00&a=d&cl=CL1.20 Caribbean Journal Index], Digital Library of Trinidad and Tobago.</ref><ref>Thorne, Alfred P., [http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/136580/2/fris-1960-01-02-460.pdf Revisions, and Suggestions for Deflating Gross Product Estimates], Social and Economic Studies. INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH, University College of the West Indies, Jamaica, W.I. Hosted via [http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/ Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics], [[University of Minnesota]].</ref> His last book is the culmination of his experiences and years of research. It explains why some underdeveloped countries remain so after many decades of economic stagnation for their poorest inhabitants. ==References== {{reflist\|30em}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Thorne, Alfred}} [[Category:1913 births]] [[Category:2012 deaths]] [[Category:American economists]] [[Category:Columbia Business School alumni]] [[Category:Development economists]] [[Category:Guyanese academics]] [[Category:Guyanese people of World War II]] [[Category:University of Puerto Rico faculty]]	1,297,731,215	[]	false
# Atlas (Coldplay song) "Atlas" is a song by British rock band Coldplay for The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, the soundtrack to the 2013 American science-fiction adventure film The Hunger Games: Catching Fire. It was released digitally as the lead single from the soundtrack on 6 September 2013 worldwide, and on 8 September in the United Kingdom. The song was accompanied by a lyric video, which also premiered on 6 September. "Atlas" has charted in 16 countries and reached top ten positions in three of them, and has also received mostly positive reviews from music critics. The ballad, winning the Hollywood Song Award at the 17th Hollywood Film Awards, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media and a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. ## Background and recording "Atlas" was Coldplay's first new track in almost two years, as the band's fifth studio album Mylo Xyloto had been released in October 2011. The song was written in early 2013, at the beginning of the recording sessions for the band's sixth studio album Ghost Stories, and recorded between April and July at The Beehive, one of the band's two studios in London. The sound of "Atlas" was influential in shaping that of Ghost Stories and Coldplay had originally considered including the track on the album, but it was ultimately left out of the tracklist. "Atlas" is not the first musical piece Coldplay have written for a film, but it's the first one the band has released exclusively as part of a soundtrack, without re-using it for any of their following studio recordings. The song "We're a Team" from the same movie score is also co-written by Coldplay, and features elements of "Atlas". "I have great respect and admiration for Coldplay, and we are thrilled with how well they have connected to the themes and ideas within the film. Their unwavering passion and excitement for the project elevated the collaboration even further, and we can't wait to share this music with audiences around the world," said the film's director Francis Lawrence. "We are so honored that Coldplay, one of the iconic rock bands of our generation, will perform the first song out on the new soundtrack. Knowing that Chris Martin is a fan of the books makes this even more meaningful. The Coldplay single underscores the stature of recording artists we've assembled for this powerful soundtrack," added Tracy McKnight, Lionsgate's Head of Film Music. ## Composition The song was written by all band members and produced by Rik Simpson (with whom the band has previously worked on Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends and Mylo Xyloto), Daniel Green (Mylo Xyloto) and Coldplay themselves. The song is a down-tempo ballad, featuring a delicate piano refrain with a "moody, haunting melody", and showcasing Martin's lower-register vocals. According to some reviewers, it sounds "less like more recent Coldplay tracks and more like a throwback to their sound on A Rush of Blood to the Head," and "like a tossed-off remnant from the outfit's early days, before it began experimenting with deep rhythms and vivid textures." The piano builds to a bolder, "anthemic-quality" chorus with richly layered production, reminiscent of the band's fifth studio album, Mylo Xyloto. Catching Fire's major themes informed the song lyrics, with multiple references to recurring elements of the story as well as to mythology and spirituality. According to Billboard magazine, "the lyrics abstractly touch upon main characters Katniss and Peeta's mutual reliance." ## Critical reception Upon release, "Atlas" received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Michael Nelson of Stereogum called the track "a swooning, appropriately cinematic ballad". Erin Coulehan of Rolling Stone wrote, "The dreamy tune features a classic Coldplay presentation, with twinkling piano that builds as Chris Martin croons 'I'll carry your world'". "The dreamy, piano-driven track was clearly written specifically for 'Catching Fire,’ with lyrics like "some bend the bow" — about bow-and-arrow-wielding heroine Katniss, presumably – and "caught in the fire" (pretty self-explanatory)," wrote Karen Lanza of PopCrush. Upon release of the soundtrack album, Consequence of Sound's Rob Hakimian called the song "spirited", and AllMusic's Heather Phares described it as "typically sweeping and earnest". Randall Roberts of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "Coldplay is here too, but in a battle with Lorde's haunting version of Tears for Fears' "Everybody Wants to Rule the World", Lorde would forever reign supreme". Slant Magazine's Blue Sullivan commented that "'Atlas' is autopilot Coldplay dipping into its back catalogue for a paycheck, but at least it approximates a pulse. Though the band may have zero insider-cred, 'Atlas' proves that 'Clocks' played at three-quarter speed with most of the chorus scooped out still runs rings around most of the current zeitgeist". 3voor12 listed the song among the best of the year. ### Awards and accolades On 15 October 2013, it was announced that "Atlas" would receive the Hollywood Song Award at the 17th Hollywood Film Awards. The song was also performed at the gala ceremony, which took place on 21 October 2013 at the Beverly Hilton hotel. Carlos de Abreau, the Hollywood Film Awards founder and executive director, told The Hollywood Reporter, "The Hollywood Film Awards is thrilled to present the Hollywood Song Award to a band as globally respected and prolific as Coldplay. They continue to build their legacy and, with 'Atlas' marking the first time they have recorded for a motion picture, we cannot think of an artist better deserving of this honor." On 7 December 2013, "Atlas" received a Grammy Award nomination in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category. On 12 December 2013, it was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. ## Commercial performance "Atlas" has achieved moderate chart success, having charted in 16 countries. The song debuted at number twelve in the United Kingdom with sales of 19,546, and has reached top ten positions in the Netherlands, Italy and Switzerland. In the United States, it has reached number 69 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, number 12 on the Rock Songs chart, and number 18 on the Alternative Songs chart. "Atlas" was also reported to have reached number one positions on iTunes Store charts in 43 countries upon its release. As of August 2014, "Atlas" has sold 246,000 downloads in the US. ## Music video A lyric video, reflecting the art style associated with The Hunger Games, premiered on music video website Vevo on the day of the single's release. It was directed by Mario Hugo and featured illustration by Micah Lidberg. The video "follows a shooting star coursing through the universe while tracing various constellations in the zodiac to the point of supernova." Ray Rahman of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "Three things the internet is definitely not tired of yet – Coldplay, The Hunger Games, and high-production lyric videos – have all converged in the form of "Atlas." (...) The just-released visual is an intense affair set on an astral plane, full of all sorts of Olympian imagery designed to get you excited for Katniss' return to the big screen this November." ## Track listing \| No. \| Title \| Length \| \| --- \| ------- \| ------ \| \| 1. \| "Atlas" \| 3:56 \| ## Personnel Adapted from liner notes of the "Atlas" single. \| Coldplay - Guy Berryman – bass guitar - Jonny Buckland – electric guitar - Will Champion – drums, backing vocals - Chris Martin – lead vocals, piano, keyboard \| Additional personnel - Daniel Green – production - Rik Simpson – production \| ## Charts \| Chart (2013) \| Peak position \| \| ------------------------------------------- \| ------------- \| \| Australia (ARIA) \| 30 \| \| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) \| 31 \| \| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) \| 17 \| \| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) \| 20 \| \| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) \| 33 \| \| Czech Republic (Rádio – Top 100) \| 80 \| \| Denmark (Tracklisten) \| 20 \| \| France (SNEP) \| 31 \| \| Germany (GfK) \| 19 \| \| Iceland (RÚV) \| 18 \| \| Ireland (IRMA) \| 12 \| \| Italy (FIMI) \| 9 \| \| Italy Airplay (EarOne) \| 25 \| \| Mexico Ingles Airplay (Billboard) \| 41 \| \| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) \| 17 \| \| Netherlands (Single Top 100) \| 3 \| \| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) \| 20 \| \| Scotland (OCC) \| 13 \| \| Slovenia (SloTop50) \| 44 \| \| Spain (PROMUSICAE) \| 18 \| \| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) \| 10 \| \| UK Singles (OCC) \| 12 \| \| US Billboard Hot 100 \| 69 \| \| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) \| 12 \| \| US Adult Alternative Songs (Billboard) \| 8 \| \| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) \| 18 \| \| US Rock & Alternative Airplay (Billboard) \| 26 \| \| Chart (2013) \| Position \| \| ----------------------------- \| -------- \| \| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) \| 104 \| \| Netherlands (Single Top 100) \| 94 \| \| US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard) \| 83 \| ## Release history \| Region \| Date \| Format \| Label \| \| -------------- \| ----------------- \| ----------------------------- \| --------------- \| \| Italy \| 6 September 2013 \| Contemporary hit radio \| Universal Music \| \| United States \| 6 September 2013 \| Digital download \| Parlophone \| \| United Kingdom \| 8 September 2013 \| Digital download \| Parlophone \| \| United States \| 9 September 2013 \| Adult album alternative radio \| Republic \| \| United States \| 10 September 2013 \| Modern rock radio \| Republic \| \| United States \| 14 October 2013 \| Hot adult contemporary radio \| Republic \| \| United States \| 15 October 2013 \| Contemporary hit radio \| Republic \|	enwiki/40203209	enwiki	40,203,209	Atlas (Coldplay song)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(Coldplay_song)	2025-05-16T22:31:03Z	en	Q14846927	243,193	{{EngvarB\|date=September 2013}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox song \| name = Atlas \| cover = Atlas cover.png \| alt = \| type = single \| artist = [[Coldplay]] \| album = [[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]] \| released = {{start date\|2013\|9\|6\|df=yes}} \| recorded = April–July 2013<ref name="LA Times">{{cite web\|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-listen-to-coldplays-new-hunger-games-single-atlas-20130906,0,7689153.story \|title=Listen to 'Atlas,' Coldplay's single for the new 'Hunger Games' film \|first= Mikael \|last=Wood \|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=11 September 2013 }}</ref> \| studio = \| venue = \| genre = [[Alternative rock]] \| length = {{Duration\|m=3\|s=56}} \| label = * [[Parlophone]] * [[Republic Records\|Republic]] \| writer = {{Flatlist\| * [[Guy Berryman]] * [[Jonny Buckland]] * [[Will Champion]] * [[Chris Martin]] }} \| producer = {{Flatlist\| * Coldplay * Daniel Green * [[Rik Simpson]] }} \| chronology = [[Coldplay]] \| prev_title = [[Hurts Like Heaven]] \| prev_year = 2012 \| next_title = [[Magic (Coldplay song)\|Magic]] \| next_year = 2014 \| misc = {{Extra chronology \| artist = ''[[The Hunger Games (film series)\|The Hunger Games]]'' \| type = singles \| prev_title = [[Eyes Open (song)\|Eyes Open]] \| prev_year = 2012 \| title = Atlas \| year = 2013 \| next_title = [[Elastic Heart]] \| next_year = 2013 }} {{External music video\|{{YouTube\|Lh3TokLzzmw\|"Atlas"}}\|header=Lyric video}} }} "'''Atlas'''" is a song by British [[Rock music\|rock]] band [[Coldplay]] for ''[[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]]'', the soundtrack to the 2013 American [[science-fiction]] [[adventure film]] ''[[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire]]''.<ref name="Billboard"/> It was released digitally as the [[lead single]] from the soundtrack on 6 September 2013 worldwide, and on 8 September in the United Kingdom. The song was accompanied by a [[lyric video]], which also premiered on 6 September. "Atlas" has charted in 16 countries and reached top ten positions in three of them, and has also received mostly positive reviews from music critics. The ballad, winning the Hollywood Song Award at the [[17th Hollywood Film Awards]],<ref name="hollywood"/> was nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media]] and a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song]].<ref name="grammy"/> ==Background and recording== "Atlas" was Coldplay's first new track in almost two years, as the band's fifth studio album ''[[Mylo Xyloto]]'' had been released in October 2011. The song was written in early 2013, at the beginning of the recording sessions for the band's sixth studio album ''[[Ghost Stories (Coldplay album)\|Ghost Stories]]'', and recorded between April and July at The Beehive, one of the band's two studios in [[London]]. The sound of "Atlas" was influential in shaping that of ''Ghost Stories'' and Coldplay had originally considered including the track on the album, but it was ultimately left out of the tracklist.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://timeline.coldplay.com/article/141053/\|title=Atlas\|website=Coldplay Timeline\|date=6 September 2013\|accessdate=31 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="GS">{{cite AV media \|people=Coldplay \|date=19 May 2014 \|title=Making of ''Ghost Stories'' \|medium=TV show\|publisher=[[Sky Arts]] \|quote=''<u>Ghost Stories</u>'' (provisional track listing): [...] 4. "Atlas" [...]}}</ref> "Atlas" is not the first musical piece Coldplay have written for a film,<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfvZaTfY4PI\|title=Viva la Vida track by track interview\|date=19 June 2008 \|publisher=[[EMI]]\|accessdate=31 August 2021\|quote="The Escapist" was written for a film. [...] This film company aproached us [and] wanted to use a new song for a film called ''[[The Escapist (2008 film)\|The Escapist]]'' [and the song] features right at the very end of it.}}</ref> <!-- This interview proves that "Atlas" is not the first song Coldplay have written for a film (as several major publications state: NME, Rolling Stone... --> but it's the first one the band has released exclusively as part of a soundtrack, without re-using it for any of their following studio recordings.<ref name="NME">{{cite web\|url=http://www.nme.com/news/coldplay/72510 \|title=Coldplay reveal new song 'Atlas', taken from 'The Hunger Games' soundtrack - listen \|work=[[NME]]\|date=6 September 2013\|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> The song "We're a Team" from the [[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire#Score\|same movie score]] is also co-written by Coldplay, and features elements of "Atlas".<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.coldplaying.com/coldplay-co-wrote-were-a-team-with-james-newton-howard-for-catching-fire-according-to-ascap/\|title=Coldplay written "Atlas" and "We're a Team" for The Hunger Games\|access-date=12 December 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119012356/https://coldplaying.com/coldplay-co-wrote-were-a-team-with-james-newton-howard-for-catching-fire-according-to-ascap/\|archive-date=19 November 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref> "I have great respect and admiration for Coldplay, and we are thrilled with how well they have connected to the themes and ideas within the film. Their unwavering passion and excitement for the project elevated the collaboration even further, and we can't wait to share this music with audiences around the world," said the film's director [[Francis Lawrence]].<ref name="NME"/> "We are so honored that Coldplay, one of the iconic rock bands of our generation, will perform the first song out on the new soundtrack. Knowing that Chris Martin is a fan of the books makes this even more meaningful. The Coldplay single underscores the stature of recording artists we've assembled for this powerful soundtrack," added Tracy McKnight, [[Lions Gate Entertainment\|Lionsgate]]'s Head of Film Music.<ref name="LA Times August">{{cite web\|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/music/la-et-ms-coldplay-atlas-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack-20130809,0,2542760.story \|title=Coldplay's 'Atlas' is first single from 'Hunger Games' soundtrack \|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] \|date=9 August 2013 \|access-date=11 September 2013}}</ref> ==Composition== {{Listen \| filename = Coldplay - "Atlas" (Audio sample).ogg \| title = "Atlas" \| description = "Atlas" carries a similar production style to the band's fifth studio album, ''[[Mylo Xyloto]]''. \| pos = left }} The song was written by all band members and produced by [[Rik Simpson]] (with whom the band has previously worked on ''[[Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends]]'' and ''Mylo Xyloto''), Daniel Green (''Mylo Xyloto'') and Coldplay themselves.<ref name="Billboard"/> The song is a down-tempo ballad, featuring a delicate piano refrain with a "moody, haunting melody", and showcasing Martin's lower-register vocals.<ref name="Radio Creme Brulee">{{cite web\|url=http://www.radiocremebrulee.com/reviews/coldplay-unveils-their-new-single-atlas \|title=Coldplay unveils their new single "Atlas" \|publisher=Radio Creme Brulee \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> According to some reviewers, it sounds "less like more recent Coldplay tracks and more like a throwback to their sound on ''[[A Rush of Blood to the Head]]'',"<ref name="VH1">{{cite web\|url=http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2013-09-06/coldplay-catching-fire-atlas/ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911141649/http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2013-09-06/coldplay-catching-fire-atlas \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=11 September 2013 \|title=Does Coldplay's New Catching Fire Single "Atlas" Sound Like Their Old Stuff? \|publisher=[[VH1]] \|first=Meghan \|last=O'Keefe \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> and "like a tossed-off remnant from the outfit's early days, before it began experimenting with deep rhythms and vivid textures."<ref name="LA Times"/> The piano builds to a bolder,<ref name="VH1"/> "anthemic-quality" chorus with richly layered production,<ref name="Radio Creme Brulee"/> reminiscent of the band's fifth studio album, ''Mylo Xyloto''. ''Catching Fire'''s major themes informed the song lyrics, with multiple references to recurring elements of the story as well as to mythology and spirituality. According to ''[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]'' magazine, "the lyrics abstractly touch upon main characters [[Katniss Everdeen\|Katniss]] and [[Peeta Mellark\|Peeta]]'s mutual reliance."<ref name="Billboard">{{cite magazine\|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5687178/coldplay-heads-to-hunger-games-on-atlas-single-listen \|title=Coldplay Heads To 'Hunger Games' on 'Atlas' Single: Listen\|date=6 September 2013\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]] \|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> ==Critical reception== Upon release, "Atlas" received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Michael Nelson of ''[[Stereogum]]'' called the track "a swooning, appropriately cinematic ballad".<ref name="Stereogum">{{cite web\|url=http://www.stereogum.com/1461382/coldplay-atlas/mp3s/ \|title=Coldplay – "Atlas" \|first=Michael \|last=Nelson \|publisher=[[Stereogum]] \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> Erin Coulehan of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' wrote, "The dreamy tune features a classic Coldplay presentation, with twinkling piano that builds as Chris Martin croons 'I'll carry your world'".<ref name="Rolling Stone">{{cite magazine \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/coldplay-return-with-atlas-20130906 \|title=Coldplay Return With 'Atlas' \|first=Erin \|last=Coulehan \|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=7 September 2013 \|archive-date=8 September 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908101107/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/coldplay-return-with-atlas-20130906 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> "The dreamy, piano-driven track was clearly written specifically for 'Catching Fire,’ with lyrics like "some bend the bow" — about bow-and-arrow-wielding heroine Katniss, presumably – and "caught in the fire" (pretty self-explanatory)," wrote Karen Lanza of PopCrush.<ref name="popcrush">{{cite web\|url=http://popcrush.com/coldplay-atlas-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack/\|title=Listen to Coldplay, 'Atlas' From 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire'\|first=Karen\|last=Lanza\|publisher=PopCrush\|date=7 September 2013\|access-date=8 September 2013}}</ref> Upon release of the soundtrack album, [[Consequence of Sound]]'s Rob Hakimian called the song "spirited",<ref name="CoS">{{cite web \|last=Hakimiar \|first=Rob \|date=19 November 2013 \|title=Album Review: Various Artists – The Hunger Games: Catching Fire Soundtrack \|url=https://consequence.net/2013/11/album-review-various-artists-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack/ \|publisher=[[Consequence of Sound]]}}</ref> and [[AllMusic]]'s Heather Phares described it as "typically sweeping and earnest".<ref name="AllMusic rev">{{cite web\|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-hunger-games-catching-fire-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0002585397 \|title=The Hunger Games: Catching Fire [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Various Artists \|first=Heather \|last=Phares \|publisher=[[AllMusic]] \|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> Randall Roberts of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote, "Coldplay is here too, but in a battle with [[Lorde]]'s haunting version of [[Tears for Fears]]' "[[Everybody Wants to Rule the World]]", Lorde would forever reign supreme".<ref name="LA Times2">{{cite web\|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-hunger-games-album-20131119,0,4541490.story \|title=Review: 'Hunger Games' is perfect pop for the PG-13 set \|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] \|first=Randall \|last=Roberts \|date=19 November 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> [[Slant Magazine]]'s Blue Sullivan commented that "'Atlas' is autopilot Coldplay dipping into its back catalogue for a paycheck, but at least it approximates a pulse. Though the band may have zero insider-cred, 'Atlas' proves that '[[Clocks (song)\|Clocks]]' played at three-quarter speed with most of the chorus scooped out still runs rings around most of the current zeitgeist".<ref name="Slant mag">{{cite web\|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/original-soundtrack-the-hunger-games-catching-fire \|title=Original Soundtrack The Hunger Games: Catching Fire \|first=Blue \|last=Sullivan \|publisher=[[Slant Magazine]] \|date=24 November 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> ''[[3voor12]]'' listed the song among the best of the year.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=14 December 2013 \|title=Daft Punk – Get Lucky Is de Song Van Het Jaar 2013 \|trans-title=Daft Punk – Get Lucky Is the Song of the Year 2013 \|url=https://3voor12.vpro.nl/artikelen/overzicht/2013/song-van-het-jaar/Uitslag-Song-Van-Het-Jaar-2013.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240109024342/https://3voor12.vpro.nl/artikelen/overzicht/2013/song-van-het-jaar/Uitslag-Song-Van-Het-Jaar-2013.html \|archive-date=9 January 2024 \|access-date=9 January 2024 \|website=3voor12 \|language=nl}}</ref> ===Awards and accolades=== On 15 October 2013, it was announced that "Atlas" would receive the Hollywood Song Award at the [[17th Hollywood Film Awards]]. The song was also performed at the gala ceremony, which took place on 21 October 2013 at the [[Beverly Hilton]] hotel. Carlos de Abreau, the Hollywood Film Awards founder and executive director, told ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'', "The Hollywood Film Awards is thrilled to present the Hollywood Song Award to a band as globally respected and prolific as Coldplay. They continue to build their legacy and, with 'Atlas' marking the first time they have recorded for a motion picture, we cannot think of an artist better deserving of this honor."<ref name="hollywood">{{cite web\|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/coldplay-receive-honor-hunger-games-648361 \|title=Coldplay to Receive Honor for 'Hunger Games' Song at Hollywood Film Awards (Exclusive) \|first=Scott \|last=Feinberg \|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] \|date=15 October 2013 \|access-date=15 October 2013}}</ref> On 7 December 2013, "Atlas" received a [[Grammy Award]] nomination in the [[Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media\|Best Song Written for Visual Media]] category.<ref name="grammy">{{cite web\|url=http://www.grammy.com/nominees?genre=11 \|title=56th Annual GRAMMY Awards Nominees \|publisher=[[Grammy Award]]s \|access-date=7 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="Coldplay.com">{{cite web \|url=http://coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1352 \|title=Atlas nominated for Grammy Award! \|publisher=Coldplay.com \|date=7 December 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212020130/http://coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1352 \|archive-date=12 December 2013 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> On 12 December 2013, it was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song]]. ==Commercial performance== "Atlas" has achieved moderate chart success, having charted in 16 countries. The song debuted at number twelve in the United Kingdom with sales of 19,546,<ref name="MusicWeek">{{cite web \|url=http://www.musicweek.com/businessanalysis/read/official-charts-analysis-arctic-monkeys-am-doubles-predecessor-s-week-one-sales/056069 \|title=Official Charts Analysis: Arctic Monkeys' AM doubles predecessor's week-one sales \|first=Alan \|last=Jones \|work=[[Music Week]] \|date=16 September 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013 \|archive-date=3 March 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205823/http://www.musicweek.com/businessanalysis/read/official-charts-analysis-arctic-monkeys-am-doubles-predecessor-s-week-one-sales/056069 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> and has reached top ten positions in the Netherlands,<ref name="NLDchart"/> Italy<ref name="ITAchart"/> and Switzerland.<ref name="SWIchart"/> In the United States, it has reached number 69 on the [[Billboard Hot 100\|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart,<ref name="USchart"/> number 12 on the [[Rock Songs]] chart,<ref name="USrock"/> and number 18 on the [[Alternative Songs]] chart.<ref name="USalt"/> "Atlas" was also reported to have reached number one positions on [[iTunes Store]] charts in 43 countries upon its release.<ref name="Rolling Stone award">{{cite magazine \|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/coldplay-to-be-honored-for-hunger-games-song-20131015 \|title=Coldplay to Be Honored for 'Hunger Games' Song \|first=Kory \|last=Grow \|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] \|date=15 October 2013 \|access-date=8 December 2013 \|archive-date=6 May 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506225248/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/coldplay-to-be-honored-for-hunger-games-song-20131015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> As of August 2014, "Atlas" has sold 246,000 downloads in the US.<ref name="SALESPLAY">{{cite magazine \|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/6214212/lorde-hunger-games-mockingjay-soundtrack-curate \|title=The Inside Story of How Lorde Came to Rule 'The Hunger Games' \|first=Phil \|last=Gallo \|date=8 August 2014 \|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> ==Music video== [[File:Coldplay - "Atlas" (Lyric Video).jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|The lyric video makes numerous allusions to space phenomena, such as [[star trail]]s (pictured) and mythological [[constellation]]s.]] A [[lyric video]], reflecting the art style associated with ''[[The Hunger Games]]'', premiered on [[music video]] website [[Vevo]] on the day of the single's release.<ref name="YouTube">{{cite web\|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lh3TokLzzmw \|title=Coldplay - Atlas (Hunger Games: Catching Fire)(Lyric) \|date=6 September 2013 \|publisher=[[YouTube]] \|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> It was directed by Mario Hugo and featured illustration by Micah Lidberg.<ref name="YouTube"/><ref name="Mario Hugo">{{cite web \|url=http://www.mariohugo.com/work/atlas-from-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack- \|title=Coldplay - Atlas \|publisher=MarioHugo.com \|access-date=6 May 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506210748/http://www.mariohugo.com/work/atlas-from-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack- \|archive-date=6 May 2014 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The video "follows a shooting star coursing through the universe while tracing various constellations in the zodiac to the point of supernova."<ref name="Rolling Stone"/> Ray Rahman of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' wrote, "Three things the internet is definitely not tired of yet – Coldplay, ''The Hunger Games'', and high-production lyric videos – have all converged in the form of "Atlas." (...) The just-released visual is an intense affair set on an astral plane, full of all sorts of Olympian imagery designed to get you excited for Katniss' return to the big screen this November."<ref name="EW">{{cite magazine\|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2013/09/06/coldplay-atlas-video/ \|title=Coldplay debut 'Hunger Games' song 'Atlas' via elaborate lyric video: Watch it here \|first=Ray \|last=Rahman\|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] \|date=6 September 2013 \|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> ==Track listing== {{tracklist \| headline = Digital download \| title1 = Atlas \| length1 = 3:56 }} ==Personnel== Adapted from liner notes of the "Atlas" single.<ref>{{cite AV media notes \|title="Atlas" \|others=[[Coldplay]] \|date=2013 \|type=liner notes \|publisher=[[Parlophone]]}}</ref> {{col-start}} {{col-2}} ;Coldplay * [[Guy Berryman]] – [[bass guitar]] * [[Jonny Buckland]] – [[electric guitar]] * [[Will Champion]] – [[drum kit\|drums]], [[backing vocals]] * [[Chris Martin]] – [[lead vocals]], [[piano]], [[keyboard instrument\|keyboard]] {{col-2}} ;Additional personnel * Daniel Green – production * [[Rik Simpson]] – production {{col-end}} ==Charts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Weekly charts=== {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align: center;" \|+Weekly chart performance for "Atlas" ! Chart (2013) ! Peak<br />position \|- {{singlechart\|Australia\|30\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=19 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Austria\|31\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Flanders\|17\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=23 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Wallonia\|20\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=13 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Canada\|33\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|artistid=401639\|refname=CAN\|rowheader=true\|access-date=12 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Czech Republic\|80\|year=2013\|week=39\|rowheader=true\|access-date=4 October 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Denmark\|20\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=13 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|France\|31\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=17 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Germany\|19\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|songid=1189658\|rowheader=true\|access-date=13 February 2019}} \|- !scope="row"\|Iceland ([[RÚV]])<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ruv.is/persona/coldplay\|publisher=[[RÚV]]\|title= Coldplay Chart History\|date=7 March 2016 \|access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref> \|18 \|- {{Singlechart\|Ireland\|12\|artist=Coldplay\|year=2013\|week=37\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013}} \|- !scope="row"\|Italy ([[Federation of the Italian Music Industry\|FIMI]])<ref name="ITAchart">{{cite web \|url=http://www.fimi.it/main/chart_id/1646 \|publisher=[[Federation of the Italian Music Industry]] \|title=Top Digital Download - Classifica settimanale WK 36 (dal 02-09-2013 al 08-09-2013) \|language=it \|access-date=19 September 2013 \|archive-date=7 March 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307012334/http://fimi.it/main/chart_id/1646 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> \|9 \|- ! scope="row"\| Italy Airplay (EarOne)<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://earone.com/charts/earone-airplay-radio/2013/38\|title=Earone Airplay - Settimana #38 dal 13/09/2013 al 19/09/2013\|date=14 June 2013 \|language=it\|publisher=Earone}}</ref> \| 25 \|- ! scope="row"\| [[Mexico Ingles Airplay]] (''[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]'')<ref>{{cite magazine \|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/coldplay/chart-history/min/ \|title=Coldplay Chart History (Mexico Ingles Airplay) \|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]] \|access-date=24 May 2021}}</ref> \| 41 \|- {{singlechart\|Dutch40\|17\|year=2013\|week=38\|rowheader=true\|access-date=21 December 2019}} \|- {{singlechart\|Dutch100\|3\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=13 September 2013\|refname=NLDchart}} \|- {{singlechart\|New Zealand\|20\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Scotland\|13\|date=2013-09-21\|rowheader=true\|access-date=15 September 2013}} \|- ! scope="row"\| Slovenia ([[SloTop50]])<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.slotop50.si/Glasbene-lestvice/Tedenske-lestvice/?year=2013&week=37\|title=SloTop50: Slovenian official singles weekly chart\|publisher=[[SloTop50]]\|language=sl\|access-date=15 September 2013\|archive-date=6 January 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106063918/http://www.slotop50.si/Glasbene-lestvice/Tedenske-lestvice/?year=2013&week=37\|url-status=dead}}</ref> \| align=center\|44 \|- {{singlechart\|Spain\|18\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=11 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Switzerland\|10\|artist=Coldplay\|song=Atlas\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013\|refname=SWIchart}} \|- {{singlechart\|UK\|12\|date=2013-09-21\|rowheader=true\|access-date=15 September 2013}} \|- {{singlechart\|Billboardhot100\|69\|artist=Coldplay\|artistid={{BillboardID\|Coldplay}}\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013\|refname=USchart}} \|- {{singlechart\|Billboardrocksongs\|12\|artist=Coldplay\|artistid={{BillboardID\|Coldplay}}\|rowheader=true\|access-date=12 September 2013\|refname=USrock}} \|- {{singlechart\|Billboardadultalternativesongs\|8\|artist=Coldplay\|rowheader=true\|access-date=4 June 2014}} \|- {{singlechart\|Billboardalternativesongs\|18\|artist=Coldplay\|artistid={{BillboardID\|Coldplay}}\|rowheader=true\|access-date=8 December 2013\|refname=USalt}} \|- {{singlechart\|Billboardrockairplay\|26\|artist=Coldplay\|rowheader=true\|access-date=4 June 2014}} \|- \|} {{col-2}} ===Year-end charts=== {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" \|+Year-end chart performance for "Atlas" ! Chart (2013) ! Position \|- ! scope="row"\|Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.top40web.nl/jaarlijsten/jr2013.html\|title=Jaarlijsten 2013\|language=nl\|publisher=[[Dutch Top 40]]\|access-date=11 May 2022}}</ref> \| style="text-align:center"\|104 \|- ! scope="row"\| Netherlands (Single Top 100)<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=2013&cat=s\|title=Jaaroverzichten – Single 2013\|publisher=MegaCharts\|language=nl\|access-date=21 December 2019}}</ref> \| style="text-align:center;"\| 94 \|- ! scope="row"\| US Hot Rock Songs (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite magazine \|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2013/hot-rock-songs \|title=Hot Rock Songs: Year End 2013 \|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]] \|access-date=21 December 2014}}</ref> \| style="text-align:center;"\| 83 \|- \|} {{col-end}} ==Release history== {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" \|+Release dates for "Atlas" ! scope="col"\| Region ! scope="col"\| Date ! scope="col"\| Format ! scope="col"\| Label \|- ! scope="row"\| Italy<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/41175/COLDPLAY-Atlas-Universal \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140726042526/http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/41175/COLDPLAY-Atlas-Universal \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=26 July 2014 \|title=Coldplay – Atlas (Universal) \|publisher=Radio Airplay SRL \|access-date=21 July 2014 \|author=Mompellio, Gabriel \|language=it }}</ref> \| rowspan="2"\| 6 September 2013 \| [[Contemporary hit radio]] \| [[Universal Music Group\|Universal Music]] \|- ! scope="row"\| United States<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/release/atlas-mr0004023128 \|title=Atlas – Coldplay \|work=[[AllMusic]] \|publisher=[[Rovi Corporation]] \|access-date=21 July 2014}}</ref> \| rowspan="2"\| [[Music download\|Digital download]] \| rowspan="2"\| [[Parlophone]] \|- ! scope="row"\| United Kingdom<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1313 \|title=Pre-order Atlas from UK iTunes \|publisher=[[Coldplay]] \|date=30 August 2013 \|access-date=21 July 2014 \|author=Anchorman}}</ref> \| 8 September 2013 \|- ! scope="row" rowspan="4"\| United States<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.allaccess.com/triple-a/future-releases \|title=Triple A > Future Releases \|publisher=All Access Music Group \|access-date=5 September 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821042353/http://www.allaccess.com/triple-a/future-releases \|archive-date=21 August 2013 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.allaccess.com/alternative/future-releases \|title=Alternative > Future Releases \|publisher=All Access Music Group \|access-date=5 September 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628222743/http://www.allaccess.com/alternative/future-releases \|archive-date=28 June 2013 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases \|title=Hot/Modern/AC Future Releases \|publisher=All Access Music Group \|access-date=5 September 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926131837/http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases \|archive-date=26 September 2013 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases \|title=Top 40/M Future Releases \|publisher=All Access Music Group \|access-date=5 September 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921075435/http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases \|archive-date=21 September 2013 \|url-status=live}}</ref> \| 9 September 2013 \| [[Adult album alternative]] radio \| rowspan="4"\| [[Republic Records\|Republic]] \|- \| 10 September 2013 \| [[Modern rock]] radio \|- \| 14 October 2013 \| [[Adult contemporary music#Hot adult contemporary\|Hot adult contemporary]] radio \|- \| 15 October 2013 \| Contemporary hit radio \|} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Coldplay songs}} {{Hunger Games}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:2010s ballads]] [[Category:2013 singles]] [[Category:2013 songs]] [[Category:Coldplay songs]] [[Category:Parlophone singles]] [[Category:Rock ballads]] [[Category:Song recordings produced by Rik Simpson]] [[Category:The Hunger Games music]] [[Category:Songs written by Guy Berryman]] [[Category:Songs written by Jonny Buckland]] [[Category:Songs written by Will Champion]] [[Category:Songs written by Chris Martin]]	1,290,765,725	[{"title": "from the album The Hunger Games: Catching Fire \u2013 Original Motion Picture Soundtrack", "data": {"Released": "6 September 2013", "Recorded": "April\u2013July 2013", "Genre": "Alternative rock", "Length": "3:56", "Label": "Parlophone Republic", "Songwriter(s)": "Guy Berryman Jonny Buckland Will Champion Chris Martin", "Producer(s)": "Coldplay Daniel Green Rik Simpson"}}, {"title": "Coldplay singles chronology", "data": {"\"Hurts Like Heaven\" \u00b7 (2012)": "\"Atlas\" \u00b7 (2013) \u00b7 \"Magic\" \u00b7 (2014)"}}, {"title": "The Hunger Games singles chronology", "data": {"\"Eyes Open\" \u00b7 (2012)": "\"Atlas\" \u00b7 (2013) \u00b7 \"Elastic Heart\" \u00b7 (2013)"}}, {"title": "Lyric video", "data": {"Lyric video": "\"Atlas\" on YouTube"}}, {"title": "Coldplay songs", "data": {"Parachutes": "\" Don't Panic \" \" Shiver \" \" Sparks \" \" Yellow \" \" Trouble \"", "A Rush of Blood to \u00b7 the Head": "\" In My Place \" \" God Put a Smile upon Your Face \" \" The Scientist \" \" Clocks \"", "Live 2003": "\" Moses \"", "X&Y": "\" Fix You \" \" Talk \" \" Speed of Sound \" \" The Hardest Part \"", "Viva la Vida or Death \u00b7 and All His Friends": "\" Lost! \" \" 42 \" \" Lovers in Japan \" \" Viva la Vida \" \" Violet Hill \" \" Strawberry Swing \" \" Death and All His Friends \"", "Prospekt's March": "\" Life in Technicolor II \" \" Prospekt's March/Poppyfields \"", "Mylo Xyloto": "\" Hurts Like Heaven \" \" Paradise \" \" Charlie Brown \" \" Every Teardrop Is a Waterfall \" \" Major Minus \" \" Princess of China \"", "Ghost Stories": "\" Magic \" \" Ink \" \" True Love \" \" Midnight \" \" Another's Arms \" \" A Sky Full of Stars \"", "A Head Full of Dreams": "\" A Head Full of Dreams \" \" Hymn for the Weekend \" \" Everglow \" \" Adventure of a Lifetime \" \" Fun \" \" Up&Up \"", "Kaleidoscope EP": "\" All I Can Think About Is You \" \" Miracles (Someone Special) \" \" Aliens \" \" Something Just Like This \" \" Hypnotised \"", "Everyday Life": "\" Daddy \" \" Arabesque \" \" Orphans \" \" Champion of the World \" \" Everyday Life \"", "Music of the Spheres": "\" Higher Power \" \" Let Somebody Go \" \" My Universe \" \" Coloratura \"", "Moon Music": "\" Feelslikeimfallinginlove \" \" We Pray \" \" All My Love \"", "Other songs": "\" Brothers & Sisters \" \" How You See the World No. 2 \" \" Gravity \" \" Christmas Lights \" \" Moving to Mars \" \" Atlas \" \" Miracles \" \" Ma Meilleure Ennemie \""}}]	false
# Wielkopolska Chronicle The Wielkopolska Chronicle (or Chronicle of Greater Poland, Polish: Kronika wielkopolska) is an anonymous medieval chronicle describing supposed history of Poland from legendary times up to the year 1273. It was written in Latin at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. ## Origins and possible authorship The chronicle was written from the point of view of the region of Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). Its actual title is unknown. In one of the remaining copies it's written down as Chronicum Poloniae and in another Annalia vestuste gentic Polonorum vel Kronice. Some historians, such as Brygida Kürbis have argued that the first edition of the work was created between 1283 and 1296 and its author was the curator of the Poznań capitulary, Godzisław Baszko. A second edition was completed between 1377 and 1384, which is partly supported by inclusion of material supported by the Chronicle of Dzierzwa from the beginning of 14th century. Others, like Jan Dąbrowski, have posited that the entire chronicle was written by Jan of Czarnków in the second half of the 14th century. There are nine existing manuscripts, including a Great Chronicle copy which contains a collection of historical sources collected in Wielkopolska at the end of the 14th century. The purpose of the author was to record the history of the rulers of Poland. The chronicle covers mythical events from pre-history up to the year 1271/72, and in two additions the year 1273. As a source, stylistically the chronicle is composed of two parts. The first, going up to the year 1202 is based on the Chronica Polonorum of Wincenty Kadłubek. The second part, written more in the style of annals is based on yearly records of Capitularies of Gniezno and Poznań. Other sources used by the author most likely include the lost Annales Polonorum historiae, church archives, and Vita s. Stanislai, Vita maior (Life of Saint Stanisław) of Wincenty of Kielcza. The introduction to the work has survived in two editions of the manuscript. One of these was written in 1295/1296 (it mentions Przemysł II as the current ruler). The other, more extensive one, was most likely created in the 14th century. The chronicle was translated into Polish in 1965 by Kazimierz Abgarowicz. ## Purpose The chronicle can be seen as a gesta ducum, a composition whose purpose is to celebrate the deeds of princes and kings. The central figures of the work are the Piast rulers of Wielkoposka, Przemysł I and Przemysł II. Przemysł I is presented as an ideal of a ruler who combines knightly valor (engaging himself only in defensive wars) with religious values (Christian humility and devotion). Other ideal rulers presented in the chronicle include other Polish kings and dukes, including Bolesław II the Generous (before the murder of Saint Stanisław) and Bolesław III Wrymouth. ## Contents Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of Lech, Czech, and Rus, as well as a Polish version of the story of Waldere and Hildegyth (also Waltharius), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil.	enwiki/39770744	enwiki	39,770,744	Wielkopolska Chronicle	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielkopolska_Chronicle	2025-02-11T15:12:57Z	en	Q3505954	41,745	{{short description\|Polish anonymous medieval chronicle}} {{italic title}} [[File:Rękopis Sędziwoja z Czechla - karta 274.jpg\|thumb\|''Wielkopolska Chronicle'' in XV-century compilation ''[[Kodeks Sędziwoja]]'', page 274.]] [[File:Kr Wlp - ręk. Stanisława Augusta.jpg\|thumb\|Beginning in ''[[Chronica magna]]'' - copy from XV century.]] The '''''Wielkopolska Chronicle''''' (or ''Chronicle of Greater Poland'', {{langx\|pl\|Kronika wielkopolska}}) is an anonymous medieval [[chronicle]] describing supposed history of [[Poland]] from legendary times up to the year 1273. It was written in Latin at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. ==Origins and possible authorship== The chronicle was written from the point of view of the region of [[Wielkopolska]] (''Greater Poland''). Its actual title is unknown. In one of the remaining copies it's written down as ''Chronicum Poloniae'' and in another ''Annalia vestuste gentic Polonorum vel Kronice''.<ref name="slownik"/> Some historians, such as [[Brygida Kürbis]] have argued that the first edition of the work was created between 1283 and 1296 and its author was the curator of the [[Poznań]] [[Chapter (religion)\|capitulary]], [[Godzisław Baszko]]. A second edition was completed between 1377 and 1384, which is partly supported by inclusion of material supported by the Chronicle of Dzierzwa from the beginning of 14th century. Others, like [[Jan Dąbrowski (historian)\|Jan Dąbrowski]], have posited that the entire chronicle was written by [[Jan of Czarnków]] in the second half of the 14th century.<ref name="slownik">{{cite book \| title=Słownik Literatury Staropolskiej. Średniowiecze - Renasans - Barok. \| publisher=Zakład Narodowy Imienia Ossolińskich \| editor=Michałowska, Teresa \| year=1990 \| pages=354 \| isbn=8304022192}}</ref><ref name="milosz">{{cite book \| title=The History of Polish Literature \| publisher=University of California Press \| author=Miłosz, Czesław \| authorlink=Czesław Miłosz \| year=1983 \| pages=11 \| isbn=9780520044777}}</ref> There are nine existing manuscripts, including a ''Great Chronicle'' copy which contains a collection of historical sources collected in Wielkopolska at the end of the 14th century. The purpose of the author was to record the history of the rulers of [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)\|Poland]]. The chronicle covers mythical events from pre-history up to the year 1271/72, and in two additions the year 1273. As a source, stylistically the chronicle is composed of two parts. The first, going up to the year 1202 is based on the ''[[Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae\|Chronica Polonorum]]'' of [[Wincenty Kadłubek]]. The second part, written more in the style of [[annals]] is based on yearly records of Capitularies of [[Gniezno]] and Poznań. Other sources used by the author most likely include the lost ''Annales Polonorum historiae'', church archives, and ''Vita s. Stanislai, Vita maior'' ([[Life of Saint Stanisław]]) of [[Wincenty of Kielcza]]. The introduction to the work has survived in two editions of the manuscript. One of these was written in 1295/1296 (it mentions [[Przemysł II]] as the current ruler). The other, more extensive one, was most likely created in the 14th century. The chronicle was translated into Polish in 1965 by [[Kazimierz Abgarowicz]].<ref name="qjsp">''Quarterly Journal of Scientific Publications'', 1965, Polska Akademia Nauk, Ossolineum, pg. 22, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NZLQAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Wielkopolska+Chronicle%22]</ref> ==Purpose== The chronicle can be seen as a ''[[gesta (genre)\|gesta ducum]]'', a composition whose purpose is to celebrate the deeds of princes and kings. The central figures of the work are the [[Piast dynasty\|Piast]] rulers of Wielkoposka, [[Przemysł I]] and [[Przemysł II]]. Przemysł I is presented as an ideal of a ruler who combines knightly valor (engaging himself only in defensive wars) with religious values (Christian humility and devotion). Other ideal rulers presented in the chronicle include other Polish kings and dukes, including [[Bolesław II the Generous]] (before the murder of [[Stanislaus of Szczepanów\|Saint Stanisław]]) and [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]]. ==Contents== Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of [[Lech, Czech, and Rus]], as well as a Polish version of the story of [[Waldere\|Waldere and Hildegyth]] (also [[Waltharius]]), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil. ==References== {{reflist}} == External links == [[Henryk Łowmiański]]: [http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Przeglad_Historyczny/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2-s398-410/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2-s398-410.pdf Kiedy powstała Kronika Wielkopolska? [When was written the Wielkopolska Chronicle?] ] [http://polona.pl/item/3402934/4/ Cronica magna Lechitarum et Polonorum] *[http://polona.pl/item/522737/2/ Kronika Lechitów i Polaków] {{Polish Medieval chronicles}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:History of Greater Poland]] [[Category:Chronicles about Poland]] [[Category:History of Poland during the Piast dynasty]] [[Category:13th-century history books]] [[Category:13th-century books in Latin]] [[Category:Chronicles about Poland in Latin]] [[Category:Chronicles containing universal histories in Latin]]	1,275,181,426	[]	false
# Lake Albanel Lake Albanel (French pronunciation: [albanɛl] ⓘ) is located east of Lake Mistassini and covers a total area of approximately 445 square kilometres (172 sq mi). It is located in the region of Jamésie. Quebec Route 167 ends beside this lake. It is entirely located in the protected area of Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi. ## Formation theory In 2016, it was reported that the arc shaped lake, together with nearby Lake Mistassini, may have been formed by a large meteor impact about 2.1 billion years ago. The rest of the 500 km diameter crater is thought to have now been mostly eroded away or buried but geological indications of a major impact have been found in the rocks around the lake. If confirmed this would be the largest impact crater found on the earth. ## Etymology Lake Albanel is named in honour of Charles Albanel who discovered it in 1671/1672. ## Geography The main hydrographic slopes near Lake Albanel are: - North side: Mistassini Lake, Chéno River, Pépeshquasati River, Neilson River (Pépeshquasati River), Wabissinane River; - East side: Témiscamie River, Chalifour River, Perdue River (Témiscamie River), Témiscamie Lake; - South side: Chalifour River, Nestaocano River; - West side: Mistassini Lake, Rupert River, Wabissinane River. ## Main islands - Dorval Island, - Pauli Island, - Rafinesque Island, - Isle of the Sarracénie, - Wahl Island, - Richardson Island, - Chicapio Island, - Jacques-Cornut Island, South-East Shore (from the North (no island) Central part of the lake - Islet of Algae, - Island Pallier, - Cedar Island, - Cooper Island, South part of the lake - Arnaud Island, - Île Nantais, - Michel-Laplante Island. ## Peninsulas, caps and bays (from the mouth of the lake) - Fletcher Tip, - Pointe Raphael, - Pointe de la Doradille, - Pointe des Génevriers, - Jeffrey Bay, - Myrica Point, - Curved Aspen Bay, - Anse La Galissonnière, South-East Shore (from North to South) - Lake of the Potamots - Canso Point, - Canso Bay, - Esker Point, - Lowther Bay, - Tip of the Outcrop, - Albanel peninsula - Pointe Rolland-Germain, - Chebamonkoue Peninsula, - Presqu'ile Michel-Laure, - Strait Opapushka, - Iron Point, - Black Sand Bay, Southwest shore of the lake (from South to North, to the mouth) - Pass Kaupach Kaachiitikwaatistanuch, - Bay of Burning Feet, - Mistassiniis Bay, - Bright Wood Point, - Pointe of Séneçons, - Spike of the Lying Spruce, - Pointe des Aulnaies, - Presqu'ile of the Limestone Table, - Pointe des Liards, - Strait Opapushka, - Changing Water Bay, - Saint-Ambroise peninsula, - Silvy Peninsula, - Mistassini Point. ## Access roads The eastern sector of Lac Mistassini (including the village of Mistissini (Cree village municipality) and the hamlet Rivière-Chalifour) is accessible from Chibougamau by route 167. This road goes north to the east shore of Albanel Lake. Some secondary forest roads connect to this main road.	enwiki/32287012	enwiki	32,287,012	Lake Albanel	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Albanel	2025-07-06T21:56:53Z	en	Q1748877	62,963	{{Short description\|Mountain in the country of Canada}} {{Infobox body of water \| name = Lake Albanel \| image = \| caption = \| image_bathymetry = \| caption_bathymetry = \| pushpin_map = Quebec \| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Quebec \| location = [[Baie-James]], [[Quebec]] \| coords = {{coord\|51\|05\|N\|73\|05\|W\|region:CA-QC_type:waterbody_source:GNS_scale:500000\|display=inline,title}} \| lake_type = Natural \| inflow = \| outflow = [[Rupert River]] \| catchment = \| basin_countries = Canada \| length = \| width = \| area = {{convert\|445\|km2\|abbr=on}} \| depth = \| max-depth = \| volume = \| residence_time = \| shore = \| elevation = {{convert\|389\|m\|ft\|abbr=on}} \| islands = \| cities = }} '''Lake Albanel''' ({{IPA\|fr\|albanɛl\|-\|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-Albanel.wav}}) is located east of [[Lake Mistassini]] and covers a total area of approximately {{convert\|445\|sqkm\|sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Veyron\|first=Michel\|title=Dictionnaire canadien des noms propres\|year=1989\|publisher=Éditions Larousse\|location=Louiseville (Quebec)\|isbn=2-920318-06-3\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionnairecana0000veyr/page/764 764]\|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionnairecana0000veyr/page/764}}</ref> It is located in the region of [[Jamésie, Quebec\|Jamésie]]. [[Quebec Route 167]] ends beside this lake. It is entirely located in the protected area of Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi. ==Formation theory== [[File:Lac Mistassini.JPG\|thumb\|150px\|right\|Map of Lake Albanel with larger Lake Mistassini to the west]]In 2016, it was reported that the arc shaped lake, together with nearby [[Lake Mistassini]], may have been formed by a large meteor impact about 2.1 billion years ago. The rest of the 500 km diameter crater is thought to have now been mostly eroded away or buried but geological indications of a major impact have been found in the rocks around the lake. If confirmed this would be the largest impact crater found on the earth.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/crater-chibougamau-mistassini-francine-robert-groupe-omegalpha-1.3765780 \|title=Is the world's biggest crater in Quebec? \|publisher=CBC News \|accessdate=2016-09-17}}</ref> == Etymology == Lake Albanel is named in honour of [[Charles Albanel]] who discovered it in 1671/1672.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Friedrich \|first1=Markus \|title=The Jesuits: A History \|date=March 2022 \|publisher=Princeton University Press \|isbn=978-0-691-18012-0 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p9Y7EAAAQBAJ \|language=en \|page=465}}</ref> == Geography == The main hydrographic slopes near Lake Albanel are: * North side: [[Mistassini Lake]], [[Chéno River]], [[Pépeshquasati River]], [[Neilson River (Pépeshquasati River)]], [[Wabissinane River]]; * East side: [[Témiscamie River]], [[Chalifour River]], [[Perdue River (Témiscamie River)]], [[Témiscamie Lake]]; * South side: [[Chalifour River]], [[Nestaocano River]]; * West side: [[Mistassini Lake]], [[Rupert River]], [[Wabissinane River]]. == Main islands == {{columns-list\|colwidth=30em\| '''Northwestern Shore''' (from the mouth of the lake) * Dorval Island, * Pauli Island, * Rafinesque Island, * Isle of the Sarracénie, * Wahl Island, * Richardson Island, * Chicapio Island, * Jacques-Cornut Island, '''South-East Shore''' (from the North (no island) '''Central part of the lake''' * Islet of Algae, * Island Pallier, * Cedar Island, * Cooper Island, '''South part of the lake''' * Arnaud Island, * Île Nantais, * Michel-Laplante Island. }} == Peninsulas, caps and bays == {{columns-list\|colwidth=30em\| '''North-West shore''' (from the mouth of the lake) * Fletcher Tip, * Pointe Raphael, * Pointe de la Doradille, * Pointe des Génevriers, * Jeffrey Bay, * Myrica Point, * Curved Aspen Bay, * Anse La Galissonnière, '''South-East Shore''' (from North to South) * Lake of the Potamots * Canso Point, * Canso Bay, * Esker Point, * Lowther Bay, * Tip of the Outcrop, * Albanel peninsula * Pointe Rolland-Germain, * Chebamonkoue Peninsula, * Presqu'ile Michel-Laure, * Strait Opapushka, * Iron Point, * Black Sand Bay, '''Southwest shore of the lake''' (from South to North, to the mouth) * Pass Kaupach Kaachiitikwaatistanuch, * Bay of Burning Feet, * Mistassiniis Bay, * Bright Wood Point, * Pointe of Séneçons, * Spike of the Lying Spruce, * Pointe des Aulnaies, * Presqu'ile of the Limestone Table, * Pointe des Liards, * Strait Opapushka, * Changing Water Bay, * Saint-Ambroise peninsula, * Silvy Peninsula, * Mistassini Point. }} == Access roads == The eastern sector of [[Lac Mistassini]] (including the village of [[Mistissini (Cree village municipality)]] and the hamlet Rivière-Chalifour) is accessible from [[Chibougamau]] by [[Quebec route 167\|route 167]]. This road goes north to the east shore of Albanel Lake. Some secondary forest roads connect to this main road. == See also == {{Portal\|Canada\|Water}} [[List of lakes of Quebec]] [[List of protected areas of Quebec]] [[Albanel, Quebec]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == [https://web.archive.org/web/20110907081932/http://www.sepaq.com/rf/amw/portrait.dot Portrait de la réserve faunique des Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi] {{Canada topic\|List of lakes of}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Albanel, lake}} [[Category:Lakes of Nord-du-Québec]] {{Quebec-geo-stub}} {{Canada-lake-stub}}	1,299,162,734	[{"title": "Lake Albanel", "data": {"Location": "Baie-James, Quebec", "Coordinates": "51\u00b005\u2032N 73\u00b005\u2032W\ufeff / \ufeff51.083\u00b0N 73.083\u00b0W", "Lake type": "Natural", "Primary outflows": "Rupert River", "Basin countries": "Canada"}}]	false
# Peter Bennett (soccer) Peter Bennett (born 29 October 1969) is an Australian retired soccer player who is last known to have played for Penrith City SC in his home country. ## Singapore While featuring for Geylang United of the Singaporean S.League in 2003, Bennett was the victim of an attack by Singaporean footballer Shariff Abdul Samat in a league match, leaving him with a broken nose and getting Shariff banned for nine months. The Australian defender then made a complaint to the local authorities, resulting in the S.League's Disciplinary Committee convoking to formally decide the case.	enwiki/56326464	enwiki	56,326,464	Peter Bennett (soccer)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Bennett_(soccer)	2025-05-02T04:39:54Z	en	Q48733665	32,348	{{short description\|Australian Football/Soccer player}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2019}} {{Use Australian English\|date=April 2018}} {{Infobox football biography \|name= Peter Bennett \|birth_date= {{birth date and age\|df=yes\|1969\|10\|29}} \|birth_place= \|position= [[Defender (association football)\|Defender]] \|youthclubs1= [[Blacktown City FC]] \|years1= –1989/90 \|clubs1= [[Blacktown City FC]] \|years2= 1991–1993 \|clubs2= [[APIA Leichhardt Tigers FC]] \|caps2= 20 \|goals2= 1 \|years3= 1997 \|clubs3= [[Penrith City SC]] \|years4= 1997–1999 \|clubs4= [[Sydney United 58 FC]] \|caps4= 55 \|goals4= 2 \|years5= 1999–2002 \|clubs5= [[Parramatta Power SC]] \|caps5= 63 \|goals5= 4 \|years6= 2002–2003 \|clubs6= [[Penrith City SC]] \|caps6= 3 \|goals6= 0 \|years7= 2003 \|clubs7= [[Geylang United]] \|clubs8= [[Penrith City SC]] \|caps8= 16 \|goals8= 2 }} '''Peter Bennett''' (born 29 October 1969) is an Australian retired soccer player who is last known to have played for [[Penrith City SC]] in his home country. ==Singapore== While featuring for [[Geylang United]] of the Singaporean [[S.League]] in 2003, Bennett was the victim of an attack by Singaporean footballer [[Shariff Abdul Samat]] in a league match, leaving him with a broken nose and getting Shariff banned for nine months.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2003/10/22/singapore-player-gets-ninemonth-ban-for-hitting-rival/\|title=Other Sports: Singapore player gets nine-month ban for hitting rival\|website=www.thestar.com.my\|date=22 October 2003 }}</ref> The Australian defender then made a complaint to the local authorities, resulting in the S.League's Disciplinary Committee convoking to formally decide the case.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Page/today20030924-1.1.40?ST=1&AT=search&k=Peter+Bennett+Geylang+United\|title=Search for 'Peter Bennett Geylang United' \|work=Today \|date= 24 September 2003\|page=40\|via=National Library Board}}</ref> == References == <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/Players/B/BEL.html at OzFootball] {{DEFAULTSORT:Bennett, Peter}} [[Category:Australian expatriate men's soccer players]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:Geylang International FC players]] [[Category:Penrith City SC players]] [[Category:Parramatta Power SC players]] [[Category:APIA Leichhardt FC players]] [[Category:Australian men's soccer players]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:1969 births]] [[Category:Australian expatriate sportspeople in Singapore]] [[Category:Blacktown City FC players]] [[Category:Sydney United 58 FC players]] [[Category:Singapore Premier League players]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Singapore]] [[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]] [[Category:20th-century Australian sportsmen]] {{Australia-footy-defender-stub}}	1,288,366,408	[{"title": "Peter Bennett", "data": {"Date of birth": "29 October 1969", "Position(s)": "Defender"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "\u20131989/90": "Blacktown City FC", "1991\u20131993": "APIA Leichhardt Tigers FC \u00b7 20 \u00b7 (1)", "1997": "Penrith City SC", "1997\u20131999": "Sydney United 58 FC \u00b7 55 \u00b7 (2)", "1999\u20132002": "Parramatta Power SC \u00b7 63 \u00b7 (4)", "2002\u20132003": "Penrith City SC \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2003": "Geylang United"}}]	false
# Mississippi Highway 472 Mississippi Highway 472 (MS 472) is a two-lane wide state highway in Copiah and Simpson counties, Mississippi. The highway consists of two segments- a western segment that runs from outside of Hazlehurst to Rockport that is signed and state maintained, and an eastern segment which is unsigned and maintained by Simpson County. The route number was created in 1957 and had once extended as far west as Carpenter. ## Route description MS 472's western segment begins in the community of Shady Grove, about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) east of Hazlehust, at an intersection with East Whitworth Street. The cross road was previously MS 28, now located about 0.6 miles (0.97 km) to the north. State maintenance of the highway officially begins about 200 feet (61 m) beyond the center of this intersection. MS 472 heads southeast on a winding road through rolling terrain. For the first five miles (8.0 km), the highway heads through a mix of open fields and woods, with some small homes and churches being located along the road. After that point, the surroundings of the road become more rural with very few homes being present on the road. Before the segment ends, MS 472 reaches a T intersection with Rockport Road in front of a church. MS 472 turns to the east and continues for another 1+1⁄4 miles (2.0 km) where it ends at an intersection with MS 27 in the community of Rockport. MS 472 officially resumes in Simpson County, across the Pearl River from Rockport. This section, however is not maintained by the state. The unsigned highway, but officially designated section, begins at the intersection of Shivers Road and Rockport New Hebron Road outside of the community of Schley and in front of an abandoned general store. Shivers Road to the east of this point carries MS 478, but like MS 472, it too is unsigned and not state maintained. MS 472 heads north along the county road before curving to the northeast and merging onto Bridgeport Road. At the community of Bridgeport, at a poultry farm, MS 472 turns onto a road formally named County 472. The road heads through a mostly wooded rural area, generally paralleling the Strong River. It also passes more poultry farms, small houses, and churches. In the community of Pinola, the road and the official state highway designation, ends at an intersection with MS 28 and MS 43. ## History MS 472 was designed in 1957 along its current segments and an additional segment in northwest Copiah County. The additional segment ran from MS 18 at the community of Carpenter, just south of Utica Junior College. Portions of the road were improved to be paved over the next few years until the highway was completely removed from state maps by 1967. The route would not be restored to the state map until 1998, and was only located along the Shady Grove-Rockport segment. The road had not been formally decommissioned, however. County maps published by the state continued to show MS 472 through this time. At least in 1980, a 4.82-mile-long (7.76 km) portion of the eastern segment west from MS 28/MS 43 was state maintained. ## Major intersections \| Copiah \| Shady Grove \| 0.000 \| 0.000 \| Whitworth Street \| Western terminus \| \| Copiah \| Rockport \| 13.468 \| 21.675 \| MS 27 – Georgetown, Monticello \| Eastern terminus of western segment \| \| Gap in route \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Simpson \| Schley \| 13.468 \| 21.675 \| · MS 478 east (Shivers Road) / Rockport New Hebron Road \| Western terminus of eastern segment; western terminus of MS 478 \| \| Simpson \| Pinola \| 25.825 \| 41.561 \| MS 28 / MS 43 – Pinola, Magee \| Eastern terminus \| \| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi \| \| \| \| \| \|	enwiki/69262460	enwiki	69,262,460	Mississippi Highway 472	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_Highway_472	2025-05-16T03:32:55Z	en	Q109571000	88,767	{{Short description\|State highway in Mississippi}} {{Use American English\|date=May 2025}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=January 2025}} {{Infobox road \|state=MS \|type=MS \|route=472 \|map={{maplink-road\|from=Mississippi Highway 472.map}} \|map_custom=yes \|maint=[[Mississippi Departmnent of Transportation\|MDOT]] and [[Simpson County, Mississippi\|Simpson County]] \|established=1957 \|length_mi=25.825 \|length_ref=<ref name=MDOT_GIS>{{cite web \|url=https://opendata.gis.ms.gov/datasets/db70cdeeb0ac444caea18275e85d5d06_3/about \|title=MS Highways \|publisher=Mississippi Geospatial Data Catalog \|accessdate=June 1, 2021}}</ref> \|section1=Western segment \|length_mi1=13.468 \|direction_a1=West \|terminus_a1=Whitworth Street near [[Hazlehurst, Mississippi\|Hazlehurst]] \|direction_b1=East \|terminus_b1={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|27}} in [[Rockport, Mississippi\|Rockport]] \|section2=Eastern segment \|length_mi2=12.357 \|direction_a2=West \|terminus_a2={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|478}} near [[Schley, Mississippi\|Schley]] \|direction_b2=East \|terminus_b2={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|28\|MS\|43}} near [[Pinola, Mississippi\|Pinola]] \|counties=[[Copiah County, Mississippi\|Copiah]], [[Simpson County, Mississippi\|Simpson]] \|previous_type=MS \|previous_route=471 \|next_type=MS \|next_route=473 }} '''Mississippi Highway 472''' ('''MS 472''') is a two-lane wide state highway in [[Copiah County, Mississippi\|Copiah]] and [[Simpson County, Mississippi\|Simpson]] counties, [[Mississippi]]. The highway consists of two segments- a western segment that runs from outside of [[Hazlehurst, Mississippi\|Hazlehurst]] to [[Rockport, Mississippi\|Rockport]] that is signed and state maintained, and an eastern segment which is [[unsigned highway\|unsigned]] and maintained by Simpson County. The route number was created in 1957 and had once extended as far west as [[Carpenter, Mississippi\|Carpenter]]. ==Route description== MS 472's western segment begins in the community of [[Shady Grove, Mississippi\|Shady Grove]], about {{convert\|2.6\|mi\|km}} east of Hazlehust, at an intersection with East Whitworth Street. The cross road was previously [[Mississippi Highway 28\|MS 28]], now located about {{convert\|0.6\|mi\|km}} to the north. State maintenance of the highway officially begins about {{convert\|200\|ft\|m}} beyond the center of this intersection. MS 472 heads southeast on a winding road through rolling terrain. For the first {{convert\|5\|mi\|km\|spell=in}}, the highway heads through a mix of open fields and woods, with some small homes and churches being located along the road. After that point, the surroundings of the road become more rural with very few homes being present on the road. Before the segment ends, MS 472 reaches a [[T intersection]] with Rockport Road in front of a church. MS 472 turns to the east and continues for another {{convert\|1+1/4\|mi\|km}} where it ends at an intersection with [[Mississippi Highway 27\|MS 27]] in the community of Rockport.<ref name=GM_W>{{google maps \|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/31.8654401,-90.3504505/31.7981253,-90.1573534/@31.8318145,-90.2889991,14368m/am=t/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!3m4!1m2!1d-90.2295679!2d31.8331473!3s0x8628123d8dd3a7d1:0xdf9605c407207075!1m0!3e0 \|title=Western segment of MS 472 \|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> MS 472 officially resumes in Simpson County, across the [[Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana)\|Pearl River]] from Rockport. This section, however is not maintained by the state.<ref name=MDOT/> The unsigned highway, but officially designated section, begins at the intersection of Shivers Road and Rockport New Hebron Road outside of the community of [[Schley, Mississippi\|Schley]] and in front of an abandoned [[general store]]. Shivers Road to the east of this point carries [[Mississippi Highway 478\|MS 478]], but like MS 472, it too is unsigned and not state maintained. MS 472 heads north along the county road before curving to the northeast and merging onto Bridgeport Road. At the community of [[Bridgeport, Mississippi\|Bridgeport]], at a poultry farm, MS 472 turns onto a road formally named County 472. The road heads through a mostly wooded rural area, generally paralleling the [[Strong River]]. It also passes more poultry farms, small houses, and churches. In the community of [[Pinola, Mississippi\|Pinola]], the road and the official state highway designation, ends at an intersection with [[Mississippi Highway 28\|MS 28]] and [[Mississippi Highway 43\|MS 43]].<ref name=GM_E>{{google maps \|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/31.8044635,-90.0977478/31.866489,-89.9554875/@31.8355498,-90.0967467,28217m/am=t/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!3m4!1m2!1d-90.0615326!2d31.8441888!3s0x86281c902d9f73bb:0x380064b07f8354d!1m0!3e0 \|title=Eastern segment of MS 472 \|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> ==History== MS 472 was designed in 1957 along its current segments and an additional segment in northwest Copiah County. The additional segment ran from [[Mississippi Highway 18\|MS 18]] at the community of Carpenter, just south of [[Hinds Community College\|Utica Junior College]].<ref name=MS_1956/><ref name=MS_1957/> Portions of the road were improved to be paved over the next few years until the highway was completely removed from state maps by 1967.<ref name=MS_1965/><ref name=MS_1967/> The route would not be restored to the state map until 1998, and was only located along the Shady Grove-Rockport segment.<ref name=MS_1996/><ref name=MS_1998/> The road had not been formally decommissioned, however. County maps published by the state continued to show MS 472 through this time. At least in 1980, a {{convert\|4.82\|mi\|km\|adj=mid\|-long}} portion of the eastern segment west from MS 28/MS 43 was state maintained.<ref name=CopMaint1980>{{cite map \|author = Mississippi Department of Transportation \|url=https://da.mdah.ms.gov/series-files/mdot/s1484/pdf/Copiah%20County%20MPS%2006-30-80.PDF \|title=M-D 7, Copiah \|date=June 30, 1980 \|scale = Scale not given \|location = Jackson \|publisher= Mississippi Department of Transportation \|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref><ref name=SimMaint1980>{{cite map \|author = Mississippi Department of Transportation \|url=https://da.mdah.ms.gov/series-files/mdot/s1484/pdf/Simpson%20County%20MPS%2006-30-80.PDF \|title=M-D 7, Simpson \|date=June 30, 1980 \|scale = Scale not given \|location = Jackson \|publisher= Mississippi Department of Transportation \|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> ==Major intersections== {{Jcttop\|length_ref=<ref name=MDOT_GIS/>}} {{MSint \|county=Copiah \|cspan=2 \|location=Shady Grove \|mile=0.000 \|road=Whitworth Street \|notes=Western terminus }} {{MSint \|location=Rockport \|mile=13.468 \|road={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|27\|city1=Georgetown\|city2=Monticello}} \|notes=Eastern terminus of western segment }} {{jctgap}} {{MSint \|county=Simpson \|cspan=2 \|location=Schley \|mile=13.468 \|road={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|478\|dir1=east\|name1=Shivers Road\|road\|Rockport New Hebron Road}} \|notes=Western terminus of eastern segment; western terminus of MS 478 }} {{MSint \|location=Pinola \|mile=25.825 \|road={{jct\|state=MS\|MS\|28\|MS\|43\|city1=Pinola\|city2=Magee}} \|notes=Eastern terminus }} {{jctbtm}} ==References== {{Reflist\|refs= <ref name=MDOT>{{Cite book \|type = Report \|author=Planning Division \|date=December 31, 2019 \|title=Mississippi Public Roads Selected Statistics Extent, Travel, and Designation \|url=https://mdot.ms.gov/documents/Planning/Statistics/Book/2019%20MDOT%20Public%20Roads%20Statistics%20Extent,%20Travel,%20and%20Designation.pdf \|publisher=[[Mississippi Department of Transportation]] \|access-date=September 12, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1956>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1956\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1957>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1957\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1965>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1965\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1967>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1967\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1996>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1996\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1998>{{Mississippi road map\|year=1998\|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> }} ==External links== {{Attached KML}} [[Category:State highways in Mississippi\|472]] [[Category:Transportation in Copiah County, Mississippi]] [[Category:Transportation in Simpson County, Mississippi]]	1,290,646,471	[{"title": "Route information", "data": {"Route information": "Maintained by MDOT and Simpson County", "Length": "25.825 mi (41.561 km)", "Existed": "1957\u2013present"}}, {"title": "Western segment", "data": {"Length": "13.468 mi (21.675 km)", "West end": "Whitworth Street near Hazlehurst", "East end": "MS 27 in Rockport"}}, {"title": "Eastern segment", "data": {"Length": "12.357 mi (19.887 km)", "West end": "MS 478 near Schley", "East end": "MS 28 / MS 43 near Pinola"}}, {"title": "Location", "data": {"Country": "United States", "State": "Mississippi", "Counties": "Copiah, Simpson"}}, {"title": "Highway system", "data": {"Highway system": "Mississippi State Highway System Interstate US State", "\u2190 MS 471": "\u2192 MS 473"}}]	false
# 2019 Wisconsin elections The 2019 Wisconsin Spring Election was held in the U.S. state of Wisconsin on April 2, 2019. There was one seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court on the ballot, as well as several other nonpartisan local and judicial elections. There were also a number of local referendums for school funding. The 2019 Wisconsin Spring Primary was held February 19, 2019. There was an additional special election held in the 64th Wisconsin State Assembly district. In the Supreme Court election, the Republicans' preferred candidate defeated the Democrats' preferred candidate. In all, only 1 incumbent judge lost their seat in this election, while 2 others retired. ## Election information ### Turnout Turnout in the April 2 election was 27% of the voting age population. ## State elections ### Legislative #### State Assembly 64th district special election A special election was held to fill the 64th district seat of the Wisconsin State Assembly. The seat was vacated by former Wisconsin Assembly Minority Leader Peter Barca who had been appointed to the cabinet of Governor Tony Evers. At the time of the election, the 64th Assembly district contained the northern half of the city of Kenosha, along with suburban areas of southeastern Racine County. It is considered a safe democratic seat. The primary for this seat was held at the spring general election on April 2. Democrat Tip McGuire defeated Gina Walkington and Spencer Zimmerman for the Democratic nomination while Mark Stalker won the Republican nomination unopposed. The special general election was then held April 30, and McGuire defeated Stalker 62.35% to 37.56%. ### Judicial Judicial elections were held in 2019. #### State Supreme Court ##### Results \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| \| ----------- \| ----------- \| -------------- \| --------- \| ------ \| \| \| Nonpartisan \| Brian Hagedorn \| 606,414 \| 50.22% \| \| \| Nonpartisan \| Lisa Neubauer \| 600,433 \| 49.72% \| \| \| Write-in \| Write-in \| 722 \| 0.06% \| \| Total votes \| Total votes \| Total votes \| 1,207,569 \| 100.0% \| #### State Court of Appeals Three seats on the Wisconsin Court of Appeals were up for election in 2019. All three were uncontested. - Judge Mark Gundrum was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District II. - Judge Lisa K. Stark was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District III. - In District IV, administrative law judge Jennifer E. Nashold was unopposed in the election to succeed retiring judge Paul Lundsten. #### State Circuit Courts Twenty nine of the state's 249 circuit court seats were up for election in 2019. Only three of those seats were contested. Only one incumbent was defeated for re-election—Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Andrew A. Jones, who had been appointed a year earlier by Governor Scott Walker to fill the vacancy created by Judge Rebecca Dallet's elevation to the Wisconsin Supreme Court. \| Circuit \| Branch \| Incumbent \| Elected \| Elected \| Elected \| Defeated \| Defeated \| Defeated \| Defeated in Primary \| \| Circuit \| Branch \| Incumbent \| Name \| Votes \| % \| Name \| Votes \| % \| Name(s) \| \| --------- \| --------- \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------------------ \| -------- \| -------- \| ---------------------------- \| \| Brown \| 3 \| Tammy Jo Hock \| Tammy Jo Hock \| 36,134 \| 99.25% \| \| \| \| \| \| Brown \| 7 \| Timothy A. Hinkfuss \| Timothy A. Hinkfuss \| 36,900 \| 99.26% \| \| \| \| \| \| Dane \| 16 \| Rhonda L. Lanford \| Rhonda L. Lanford \| 103,480 \| 99.03% \| \| \| \| \| \| Dodge \| 3 \| Joseph G. Sciascia \| Joseph G. Sciascia \| 13,303 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| Jefferson \| 1 \| William V. Gruber \| William V. Gruber \| 13,004 \| 99.22% \| \| \| \| \| \| Jefferson \| 2 \| William F. Hue \| William F. Hue \| 13,239 \| 99.24% \| \| \| \| \| \| La Crosse \| 1 \| Ramona A. Gonzalez \| Ramona A. Gonzalez \| 15,852 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| La Crosse \| 2 \| Elliott M. Levine \| Elliott M. Levine \| 16,258 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| La Crosse \| 3 \| Todd Bjerke \| Todd Bjerke \| 16,579 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| La Crosse \| 4 \| Scott L. Horne \| Scott L. Horne \| 16,978 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| Lincoln \| 2 \| Robert R. Russell \| Robert R. Russell \| 4,279 \| 99.58% \| \| \| \| \| \| Manitowoc \| 1 \| Mark R. Rohrer \| Mark R. Rohrer \| 12,629 \| 99.14% \| \| \| \| \| \| Marinette \| 2 \| James A. Morrison \| James A. Morrison \| 6,867 \| 100.00% \| \| \| \| \| \| Marquette \| Marquette \| Bernard Ben Bult \| Chad A. Hendee \| 2,885 \| 99.28% \| \| \| \| \| \| Milwaukee \| 11 \| David C. Swanson \| David C. Swanson \| 87,138 \| 98.54% \| \| \| \| \| \| Milwaukee \| 26 \| William S. Pocan \| William S. Pocan \| 87,258 \| 98.61% \| \| \| \| \| \| Milwaukee \| 36 \| Laura A. Crivello \| Laura A. Crivello \| 87,994 \| 98.75% \| \| \| \| \| \| Milwaukee \| 40 \| Andrew A. Jones \| Danielle L. Shelton \| 71,649 \| 57.07% \| Andrew A. Jones \| 53,407 \| 42.54% \| \| \| Milwaukee \| 41 \| Audrey K. Skwierawski \| Audrey K. Skwierawski \| 85,654 \| 98.73% \| \| \| \| \| \| Monroe \| 1 \| Todd L. Ziegler \| Todd L. Ziegler \| 7,354 \| 99.69% \| \| \| \| \| \| Ozaukee \| 2 \| Joe Voiland \| Steve Cain \| 14,800 \| 58.02% \| Angela C. Foy \| 10,650 \| 41.75% \| Mark E. Larson James Wawrzyn \| \| Racine \| 3 \| Maureen M. Martinez \| Maureen M. Martinez \| 24,151 \| 98.99% \| \| \| \| \| \| Racine \| 7 \| Jon E. Fredrickson \| Jon E. Fredrickson \| 18,606 \| 59.59% \| Jamie M. McClendon \| 12,512 \| 40.08% \| \| \| Rock \| 1 \| Karl R. Hanson \| Karl R. Hanson \| 19,396 \| 99.22% \| \| \| \| \| \| Rock \| 2 \| Derrick A. Grubb \| Derrick A. Grubb \| 19,185 \| 99.04% \| \| \| \| \| \| Rock \| 4 \| Daniel T. Dillon \| Daniel T. Dillon \| 18,977 \| 99.17% \| \| \| \| \| \| St. Croix \| 2 \| Edward F. Vlack \| Edward F. Vlack \| 10,174 \| 99.05% \| \| \| \| \| \| Waukesha \| 1 \| Michael O. Bohren \| Michael O. Bohren \| 75,867 \| 99.06% \| \| \| \| \| \| Waukesha \| 6 \| Brad Schimel \| Brad Schimel \| 81,363 \| 97.85% \| \| \| \| \| ## Local elections ### Brown County #### Green Bay mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Green Bay concurrent with the Spring election. Democratic former state representative Eric Genrich defeated small business owner Patrick Buckley. Four-term Republican incumbent mayor Jim Schmitt was not a candidate for re-election.[5] ### Dane County #### Madison mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Madison concurrent with the Spring election. Seven-term incumbent mayor Paul Soglin was defeated by former city councilmember Satya Rhodes-Conway.[6] ### Outagamie County #### Outagamie County executive - A regularly scheduled county executive election was held in Outagamie County concurrent with the spring election. Democratic incumbent executive Tom Nelson was reelected without opposition.[7] ### Racine County #### Racine mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Racine concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Cory Mason won his first full term, defeating a write-in campaign by city councilmember Sandy Weidner. Mason had previously won a special election to fill the remainder of the term of Mayor John Dickert, who had resigned.[8] ### Winnebago County #### Oshkosh mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Oshkosh concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Steve Cummings was defeated by city councilmember and deputy mayor Lori Palmeri.[9] ### School referendums - There were 60 local education-funding referendums on the ballot in the 2019 election, at a total value of approximately $1.2 billion. 45 of those referendums passed, awarding the school districts approximately $783 million in additional funding.[10]	enwiki/63655381	enwiki	63,655,381	2019 Wisconsin elections	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Wisconsin_elections	2025-04-15T03:54:33Z	en	Q96369773	210,384	{{Short description\|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> {{Use mdy dates\|date=September 2023}} {{Infobox election \| election_name = 2019 Wisconsin elections \| country = Wisconsin \| type = presidential \| ongoing = no \| previous_election = 2018 Wisconsin elections \| previous_year = 2018 \| next_election = 2020 Wisconsin elections \| next_year = 2020 \| turnout = \| election_date = April 2, 2019 }} {{ElectionsWI}} The '''2019 Wisconsin Spring Election''' was held in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Wisconsin]] on April 2, 2019. There was one seat on the [[Wisconsin Supreme Court]] on the ballot, as well as several other nonpartisan local and judicial elections. There were also a number of local referendums for school funding. The '''2019 Wisconsin Spring Primary''' was held February 19, 2019. There was an additional special election held in the 64th [[Wisconsin State Assembly]] district. In the Supreme Court election, the Republicans' preferred candidate defeated the Democrats' preferred candidate. In all, only 1 incumbent judge lost their seat in this election, while 2 others retired. ==Election information== ===Turnout=== Turnout in the April 2 election was 27% of the voting age population.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Voter turnout hit 34% for Wisconsin Supreme Court race, 71% of ballots were cast absentee \|url=https://fox6now.com/2020/04/14/voter-turnout-hit-34-for-wisconsin-supreme-court-race-71-of-ballots-were-cast-absentee/ \|website=FOX6Now.com \|publisher=WITI \|access-date=14 April 2020 \|language=en \|date=14 April 2020}}</ref> == State elections== === Legislative === ==== State Assembly 64th district special election==== A special election was held to fill the 64th district seat of the [[Wisconsin State Assembly]]. The seat was vacated by former Wisconsin Assembly Minority Leader [[Peter Barca]] who had been appointed to the cabinet of Governor [[Tony Evers]]. At the time of the election, the 64th Assembly district contained the northern half of the city of [[Kenosha, Wisconsin\|Kenosha]], along with suburban areas of southeastern [[Racine County, Wisconsin\|Racine County]]. It is considered a safe democratic seat. The primary for this seat was held at the spring general election on April 2. Democrat [[Tip McGuire]] defeated Gina Walkington and Spencer Zimmerman for the Democratic nomination while Mark Stalker won the Republican nomination unopposed.<ref name=results2>{{cite web \|title=WEC Canvass Reporting System Canvass Results for 2019 Spring Election - 4/2/2019 5:00:00 AM \|url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/elections.wi.gov/files/Canvass%20Results-Spring%20Election%20and%20Assm%2064%20Primary.pdf \|website=elections.wi.gov \|publisher=Wisconsin Elections Commission \|access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref> The special general election was then held April 30, and McGuire defeated Stalker 62.35% to 37.56%.<ref>{{cite web \|title=WEC Canvass Reporting System Canvass Results for Rep Assembly District 64 Special Election - 4/30/2019 5:00:00 AM \|url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/elections.wi.gov/files/Assembly%2064%20Special%20Election-Canvass%20Results%20report.pdf \|website=elections.wi.gov \|publisher=Wisconsin Elections Commission \|access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref> ===Judicial=== Judicial elections were held in 2019. ==== State Supreme Court ==== {{main\|2019 Wisconsin Supreme Court election}} =====Results===== {{Election box begin no change \|title=2019 Wisconsin Supreme Court election<ref>{{cite web \|title=2019 Spring Election Results \|url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/Canvass%2520Results-Spring%2520Election%2520and%2520Assm%252064%2520Primary.pdf}}</ref> }} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change \| party = Nonpartisan politician \| candidate = [[Brian Hagedorn]] \|votes = 606,414 \|percentage = 50.22% }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change \| party = Nonpartisan politician \| candidate = [[Lisa Neubauer]] \|votes = 600,433 \|percentage = 49.72% }} {{Election box write-in with party link no change \|votes = 722 \|percentage = 0.06% }} {{Election box total no change \|votes = 1,207,569 \|percentage = 100.0% }} {{Election box end}} ==== State Court of Appeals ==== Three seats on the [[Wisconsin Court of Appeals]] were up for election in 2019. All three were uncontested. * Judge [[Mark Gundrum]] was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District II. * Judge [[Lisa K. Stark]] was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District III. * In District IV, administrative law judge [[Jennifer E. Nashold]] was unopposed in the election to succeed retiring judge [[Paul Lundsten]]. ==== State Circuit Courts ==== Twenty nine of the state's 249 [[Wisconsin circuit courts\|circuit court]] seats were up for election in 2019. Only three of those seats were contested. Only one incumbent was defeated for re-election—Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Andrew A. Jones, who had been appointed a year earlier by Governor [[Scott Walker (politician)\|Scott Walker]] to fill the vacancy created by Judge [[Rebecca Dallet]]'s elevation to the Wisconsin Supreme Court. {\| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" \|Circuit ! rowspan="2" \|Branch ! rowspan="2" \|Incumbent ! colspan="3" \|Elected ! colspan="3" \|Defeated ! Defeated in Primary \|- !Name !Votes !% !Name !Votes !% !Name(s) \|- ! rowspan="2" \| Brown \| 3 \| Tammy Jo Hock \| '''Tammy Jo Hock''' \| align="right"\| 36,134 \| align="right"\| 99.25% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 7 \| Timothy A. Hinkfuss \| '''Timothy A. Hinkfuss''' \| align="right"\| 36,900 \| align="right"\| 99.26% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Dane \| 16 \| Rhonda L. Lanford \| '''Rhonda L. Lanford''' \| align="right"\| 103,480 \| align="right"\| 99.03% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Dodge \| 3 \| Joseph G. Sciascia \| '''Joseph G. Sciascia''' \| align="right"\| 13,303 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! rowspan="2" \| Jefferson \| 1 \| William V. Gruber \| '''William V. Gruber''' \| align="right"\| 13,004 \| align="right"\| 99.22% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 2 \| William F. Hue \| '''William F. Hue''' \| align="right"\| 13,239 \| align="right"\| 99.24% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! rowspan="4" \| La Crosse \| 1 \| Ramona A. Gonzalez \| '''Ramona A. Gonzalez''' \| align="right"\| 15,852 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 2 \| Elliott M. Levine \| '''Elliott M. Levine''' \| align="right"\| 16,258 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 3 \| Todd Bjerke \| '''Todd Bjerke''' \| align="right"\| 16,579 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 4 \| Scott L. Horne \| '''Scott L. Horne''' \| align="right"\| 16,978 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Lincoln \| 2 \| Robert R. Russell \| '''Robert R. Russell''' \| align="right"\| 4,279 \| align="right"\| 99.58% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Manitowoc \| 1 \| Mark R. Rohrer \| '''Mark R. Rohrer''' \| align="right"\| 12,629 \| align="right"\| 99.14% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Marinette \| 2 \| James A. Morrison \| '''James A. Morrison''' \| align="right"\| 6,867 \| align="right"\| 100.00% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! colspan="2" \| Marquette \| Bernard Ben Bult \| '''Chad A. Hendee''' \| align="right"\| 2,885 \| align="right"\| 99.28% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! rowspan="5" \| Milwaukee \| 11 \| David C. Swanson \| '''David C. Swanson''' \| align="right"\| 87,138 \| align="right"\| 98.54% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 26 \| William S. Pocan \| '''William S. Pocan''' \| align="right"\| 87,258 \| align="right"\| 98.61% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 36 \| Laura A. Crivello \| '''Laura A. Crivello''' \| align="right"\| 87,994 \| align="right"\| 98.75% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 40 \| Andrew A. Jones \| '''Danielle L. Shelton''' \| align="right"\| 71,649 \| align="right"\| 57.07% \| Andrew A. Jones \| align="right"\| 53,407 \| align="right"\| 42.54% \| \|- \| 41 \| Audrey K. Skwierawski \| '''Audrey K. Skwierawski''' \| align="right"\| 85,654 \| align="right"\| 98.73% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Monroe \| 1 \| Todd L. Ziegler \| '''Todd L. Ziegler''' \| align="right"\| 7,354 \| align="right"\| 99.69% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! Ozaukee \| 2 \| Joe Voiland \| '''Steve Cain''' \| align="right"\| 14,800 \| align="right"\| 58.02% \| Angela C. Foy \| align="right"\| 10,650 \| align="right"\| 41.75% \| Mark E. Larson<br />James Wawrzyn \|- ! rowspan="2" \| Racine \| 3 \| Maureen M. Martinez \| '''Maureen M. Martinez''' \| align="right"\| 24,151 \| align="right"\| 98.99% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 7 \| Jon E. Fredrickson \| '''Jon E. Fredrickson''' \| align="right"\| 18,606 \| align="right"\| 59.59% \| Jamie M. McClendon \| align="right"\| 12,512 \| align="right"\| 40.08% \| \|- ! rowspan="3" \| Rock \| 1 \| Karl R. Hanson \| '''Karl R. Hanson''' \| align="right"\| 19,396 \| align="right"\| 99.22% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 2 \| Derrick A. Grubb \| '''Derrick A. Grubb''' \| align="right"\| 19,185 \| align="right"\| 99.04% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 4 \| Daniel T. Dillon \| '''Daniel T. Dillon''' \| align="right"\| 18,977 \| align="right"\| 99.17% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! St. Croix \| 2 \| Edward F. Vlack \| '''Edward F. Vlack''' \| align="right"\| 10,174 \| align="right"\| 99.05% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- ! rowspan="2" \| Waukesha \| 1 \| Michael O. Bohren \| '''Michael O. Bohren''' \| align="right"\| 75,867 \| align="right"\| 99.06% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|- \| 6 \| [[Brad Schimel]] \| '''[[Brad Schimel]]''' \| align="right"\| 81,363 \| align="right"\| 97.85% \| colspan="4" align="center" \| \|} ==Local elections== ===Brown County=== ====Green Bay mayor==== {{Main\|2019 Green Bay mayoral election}} * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Green Bay, Wisconsin\|Green Bay]] concurrent with the Spring election. Democratic former state representative [[Eric Genrich]] defeated small business owner Patrick Buckley. Four-term Republican incumbent mayor [[Jim Schmitt]] was not a candidate for re-election.<ref>{{cite news\|url= https://www.greenbaypressgazette.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/04/02/green-bay-mayoral-race-eric-genrich-easily-defeats-patrick-buckley/3245290002/ \|title= Eric Genrich defeats Patrick Buckley to become Green Bay's first new mayor in 16 years \|date= April 2, 2019 \|last= BeMiller \|first= Haley \|access-date= May 18, 2020 \|newspaper= [[Green Bay Press-Gazette]] }}</ref> ===Dane County=== ====Madison mayor==== {{Main\|2019 Madison mayoral election}} * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Madison, Wisconsin\|Madison]] concurrent with the Spring election. Seven-term incumbent mayor [[Paul Soglin]] was defeated by former city councilmember [[Satya Rhodes-Conway]].<ref>{{cite news\|url= https://madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/satya-rhodes-conway-trounces-paul-soglin-to-become-madison-s/article_8aaafa28-8578-5cff-8503-b5901056c6eb.html \|title= Satya Rhodes-Conway trounces Paul Soglin to become Madison's mayor \|date= April 3, 2019 \|last= Mosiman \|first= Dean \|newspaper= [[Wisconsin State Journal]] \|access-date= May 18, 2020 }}</ref> ===Outagamie County=== ====Outagamie County executive==== * A regularly scheduled county executive election was held in [[Outagamie County, Wisconsin\|Outagamie County]] concurrent with the spring election. Democratic incumbent executive [[Tom Nelson (Wisconsin politician)\|Tom Nelson]] was reelected without opposition.<ref>{{cite report\|url= https://www.outagamie.org/Home/ShowDocument?id=64958 \|title= Outagamie County 2019 Spring Election \|publisher= Office of the Clerk of Outagamie County, Wisconsin \|date= April 9, 2019 \|page= 2 \|accessdate= February 17, 2021 }}</ref> ===Racine County=== ====Racine mayor==== * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Racine, Wisconsin\|Racine]] concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor [[Cory Mason]] won his first full term, defeating a write-in campaign by city councilmember Sandy Weidner. Mason had previously won a special election to fill the remainder of the term of Mayor [[John Dickert]], who had resigned.<ref>{{cite news\|url= https://journaltimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/elections/city-of-racine-incumbents-re-elected-except-in-th-district/article_de1963c7-d0fc-5a37-a046-aa5b8e53f30b.html \|title= City of Racine incumbents re-elected except in 5th District \|newspaper= [[Racine Journal Times]] \|date= April 2, 2019 \|access-date= April 24, 2020 \|last=Lieffring \|first=Christina }}</ref> ===Winnebago County=== ====Oshkosh mayor==== * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin\|Oshkosh]] concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Steve Cummings was defeated by city councilmember and deputy mayor [[Lori Palmeri]].<ref name="2019gen">{{cite news\|url= https://www.thenorthwestern.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/04/02/oshkosh-mayor-election-2019-lori-palmeri-defeats-steve-cummings/3334357002/ \|title= Lori Palmeri defeats incumbent Steve Cummings in Oshkosh mayoral race \|first= Nathaniel \|last= Shuda \|newspaper= [[Oshkosh Northwestern]] \|date= April 2, 2019 \|accessdate= December 7, 2022 }}</ref> ===School referendums=== * There were 60 local education-funding [[referendum]]s on the ballot in the 2019 election, at a total value of approximately $1.2 billion. 45 of those referendums passed, awarding the school districts approximately $783 million in additional funding.<ref>{{cite news\|url = https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/education/2019/04/10/wisconsin-voters-approve-majority-school-spending-referendums/3410972002/ \|title= Wisconsin voters again improve spending increase for schools, but some large building projects rejected \|last= Cannon \|first= Margaret \|newspaper= [[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]] \|date= April 10, 2019 \|access-date= April 25, 2020}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{2019 United States elections}} [[Category:2019 Wisconsin elections\| ]] [[Category:2019 elections in the United States by state\|Wisconsin]]	1,285,684,983	[{"title": "2019 Wisconsin elections", "data": {"\u2190 2018": "April 2, 2019 \u00b7 2020 \u2192"}}]	false
# Yamatorige Yamatorige (山鳥毛, "feather of a copper pheasant"), equally known as Sanchōmō by its Sino-Japanese reading, is a tachi (Japanese greatsword) forged during the middle Kamakura period (13th century). The set of the blade and its koshirae (mountings) is a National Treasure of Japan. It was wielded by Uesugi Kagekatsu (1556–1623), a powerful warlord in the Sengoku period, and had been inherited by his clan. ## History Yamatorige was forged during the middle Kamakura period (13th century). According to Kanzan Sato, a nihontō (Japanese sword) appraiser and researcher, it was named so in order to honor the beauty of the tachi by likening it to the feather of a copper pheasant or the landscape of sunset mountains. In addition, Suiken Fukunaga, another nihontō appraiser/researcher, cites a theory written in Sourinji Denki (『双林寺伝記』) that the name came from the landscape of a wildfire. Fukunaga himself, however, remarks the wildfire theory is utterly dubious. The tachi is one of the 35 swords favored by the warlord Uesugi Kagekatsu (1556–1623), an adopted son and the successor of the "God of War" Uesugi Kenshin. Later it had been inherited as one of the greatest heirlooms of the Yonezawa-Uesugi clan, the head of the Uesugi clans. On March 29, 1952, the tachi was designated a National Treasure of Japan. Its koshirae (mountings) are a part of the designation as accessories to the blade. In 2020, Setouchi City purchased yamatorige from an individual, which was then housed in the Bizen Osafune Japanese Sword Museum. The purchase cost was about 500 million yen (About $5 million). ## List of name variations The official full name for the blade and its mountings designated by the Agency for Cultural Affairs is Tachi Mumei-Ichimonji (Yamatorige) Hitokuchi tsuketari Uchigatana-Goshirae (太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）一口附打刀拵, "An Unsigned Tachi by the Ichimonji School (Yamatorige) with Mountings for a Katana-Type Sword"). Markus Sesko, a researcher on Japanese swords, calls the sword Yamatorige-Ichimonji (山鳥毛一文字). Due to both its ambiguous origin and the highly complex reading system for kanji characters, the sword has a wide variety of associated names. - Yamatorige[5] - kun'yomi (native reading) for the kanji characters 山鳥毛 - Yamadorige[9] - a variant of native reading - Sanchōmō[10] - on'yomi (Sino-Japanese reading) for the same characters - Sanshōmō[11][12] - by characters written on a wooden plate co-inherited with this tachi[11] - Yamashōmō[13] ## Bibliography - 岡野, 多郎松 (1958), 佐藤貫一 (ed.), 備山愛刀図譜 (in Japanese), 岡野多郎松 - 佐藤, 寒山 (1964), "上杉景勝御手選三十五腰", 武将と名刀 (in Japanese), 人物往来社 - 福永, 酔剣 (1993-11-20), 日本刀大百科事典 (in Japanese), vol. 5, 雄山閣出版, ISBN 4639012020 - 福永, 酔剣 (1969), 日本刀物語続 (in Japanese), 雄山閣出版 - 文化庁 (1984-12-16), 工芸品 III, 国宝 (in Japanese), vol. 8, 毎日新聞社	enwiki/62681583	enwiki	62,681,583	Yamatorige	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamatorige	2022-06-11T05:04:21Z	en	Q60985348	50,874	{{Short description\|Japanese sword}} {{Nihongo\|'''Yamatorige'''\|山鳥毛\|\|"feather of a [[copper pheasant]]"}}, equally known as '''Sanchōmō''' by its [[kanji#on'yomi\|Sino-Japanese reading]], is a ''[[tachi]]'' ([[Japanese sword\|Japanese greatsword]]) forged during the middle [[Kamakura period]] (13th century). The set of the blade and its ''[[koshirae]]'' (mountings) is a [[National Treasure (Japan)\|National Treasure of Japan]]. It was wielded by [[Uesugi Kagekatsu]] (1556–1623), a powerful warlord in the [[Sengoku period]], and had been inherited by his clan.<ref name=okayama_treasure>{{Citation\|title=太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）\|journal=おかやまの文化財\|publisher=岡山県\|url=http://www.pref.okayama.jp/cgi-bin/bunka/culture/controller/client/resultDetail.cgi?id=568\|access-date=2018-12-27\|archive-date=2018-12-27\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227151510/http://www.pref.okayama.jp/cgi-bin/bunka/culture/controller/client/resultDetail.cgi?id=568}}</ref> == History == Yamatorige was forged during the middle [[Kamakura period]] (13th century).{{sfn\|文化庁\|1984\|p=169}} According to Kanzan Sato, a ''nihontō'' ([[Japanese sword]]) appraiser and researcher, it was named so in order to honor the beauty of the ''tachi'' by likening it to the feather of a [[copper pheasant]] or the landscape of sunset mountains.{{sfn\|佐藤\|1964\|pp=169-170}} In addition, Suiken Fukunaga, another ''nihontō'' appraiser/researcher, cites a theory written in {{Nihongo\|''Sourinji Denki''\|『双林寺伝記』}} that the name came from the landscape of a [[wildfire]].{{Sfn\|福永\|1969\|p=140}} Fukunaga himself, however, remarks the wildfire theory is utterly dubious.{{Sfn\|福永\|1969\|p=140}} The ''tachi'' is one of the 35 swords favored by the warlord [[Uesugi Kagekatsu]] (1556–1623),{{sfn\|文化庁\|1984\|p=169}} an adopted son and the successor of the "God of War" [[Uesugi Kenshin]]. Later it had been inherited as one of the greatest heirlooms of the [[Uesugi clan#Edo period\|Yonezawa-Uesugi clan]], the head of the Uesugi clans.{{sfn\|文化庁\|1984\|p=169}} On March 29, 1952, the ''tachi'' was designated a [[National Treasure (Japan)\|National Treasure of Japan]].<ref name=kanpo1952>日本国、昭和27年10月16日文化財保護委員会告示第21号。Date accepted is March 29.</ref> Its ''[[koshirae]]'' (mountings) are a part of the designation as accessories to the blade.{{R\|kanpo1952}}<ref name=jouetsu_2016>{{Citation\|last=上越市\|title=謙信公の愛刀を、故郷「上越市」へ\|publisher=上越市\|date=2016-11-01\|url=https://www.city.joetsu.niigata.jp/uploaded/attachment/122141.pdf\|archive-date=2019-06-15\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615085807/https://www.city.joetsu.niigata.jp/uploaded/attachment/122141.pdf\|page=2}}</ref> In 2020, [[Setouchi, Okayama\|Setouchi City]] purchased ''yamatorige'' from an individual, which was then housed in the Bizen Osafune Japanese Sword Museum. The purchase cost was about 500 million yen (About $5 million).<ref name=nikkei_20200217>{{Citation\|newspaper=[[The Nikkei]]\|url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO55729560X10C20A2LC0000/\|date=2020-02-17\|access-date=2020-03-18\|archive-date=2020-03-18\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318152304/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO55729560X10C20A2LC0000/\|title=国宝備前刀の保管・PR、瀬戸内市が市長直轄部署}}</ref> == List of name variations == The official full name for the blade and its mountings designated by the [[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] is {{Nihongo\|'''Tachi Mumei-Ichimonji (Yamatorige) Hitokuchi tsuketari Uchigatana-Goshirae'''\|太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）一口附打刀拵\|\|"An Unsigned ''Tachi'' by the Ichimonji School (Yamatorige) with Mountings for a ''[[Katana]]''-Type Sword"}}.<ref name=kanpo1952 /> Markus Sesko, a researcher on Japanese swords, calls the sword {{Nihongo\|Yamatorige-Ichimonji\|山鳥毛一文字}}.<ref>{{Citation\|last1=Sesko\|first1=Markus\|title=Legends and Stories around the Japanese Sword\|publisher=Books on Demand\|year=2011\|page=88\|isbn=978-3842366039\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFTNe-WjyBcC&q=%E5%B1%B1%E9%B3%A5%E6%AF%9B%E3%80%80sword&pg=PA88}}</ref> Due to both its ambiguous origin and the [[Kanji#readings\|highly complex reading system for ''kanji'' characters]], the sword has a wide variety of associated names. * Yamatorige<ref name=kanpo1952 /> - ''kun'yomi'' (native reading) for the ''kanji'' characters {{lang\|ja\|山鳥毛}} * Yamadorige{{sfn\|福永\|1993\|p=235}} - a variant of native reading * Sanchōmō<ref name=satou_ueno_p74>{{Citation\|last1=佐藤\|first1=寛介\|last2=植野\|first2=哲也\|title=備前刀: 日本刀の王者\|publisher=日本文教出版\|series=岡山文庫\|volume=282\|year=2013\|page=74\|isbn=9784821252824}}</ref> - ''on'yomi'' (Sino-Japanese reading) for the same characters * Sanshōmō{{sfn\|岡野\|1958\|p=32}}{{sfn\|佐藤\|1964\|p=169}} - by characters written on a wooden plate co-inherited with this ''tachi''{{sfn\|岡野\|1958\|p=32}} * Yamashōmō{{sfn\|福永\|1993\|p=231}} ==See also== * [[List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts-swords)]] ==References== {{Reflist\|1}} ==Bibliography== {{Citation\|last=岡野\|first=多郎松\|editor=佐藤貫一\|title=備山愛刀図譜\|publisher=岡野多郎松\|year=1958\|url={{NDLDC\|8799599}}\|language=ja}} {{Citation\|last=佐藤\|first=寒山\|title=上杉景勝御手選三十五腰\|journal=武将と名刀\|publisher=人物往来社\|date=1964\|url={{NDLDC\|2503474}}\|language=ja}} {{Citation\|last=福永\|first=酔剣\|title=日本刀大百科事典\|volume=5\|publisher=雄山閣出版\|date=1993-11-20\|isbn=4639012020\|language=ja}} {{Citation\|last=福永\|first=酔剣\|title=日本刀物語続\|publisher=雄山閣出版\|date=1969\|url={{NDLDC\|2526226}}\|language=ja}} *{{Citation\|last=文化庁\|title=工芸品 III\|publisher=毎日新聞社\|series=国宝\|volume=8\|date=1984-12-16\|language=ja}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yamatorige}} [[Category:Individual Japanese swords]] [[Category:National Treasures of Japan]] [[Category:Uesugi clan]]	1,092,577,234	[]	false
# Lidy Prati Lidia "Lidy" Elena Prati (1921–2008) was an Argentine painter who was known for her abstract, geometric paintings. Her artwork called into question representational art and was influential in defining the concrete art movement in Latin America. Prati contributed to the publication of Arturo magazine and during the 1940s, was one of the founding members of the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención (AACI) art movement (or Concrete-Invention Art Association) along with Enio Iommi and Tomás Maldonado. While she is primarily known for her concrete art paintings, Prati also worked in graphic and layout design and worked with textiles and jewelry. ## Biography Lidia Elena Prati was born in Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina in 1921 into an Italian and Swiss-German immigrant family. Her father, Olinto Prati, a native of Longiana, Italy, and her mother, Hilda Usinger, from the Cañada de Gómez province of Santa Fe, were married around 1916. Her father had been a public accountant in Italy, though, in Argentina, he abandoned this profession and became a prominent textile industrialist, earning him the title, "The Cotton King" of Chaco. He also produced kaolin, wood fiber, chemical products, and owned several car dealerships (Ford, Renault, and IKA). His success in these industries provided him with financial assets integral in the creation and publication of Arturo magazine. As a child, Prati lived with her family in Chatara, Chaco where her father's business was based, though when she was 6, she lived with her grandparents for a year in Rimini, Italy where she learned Italian language and culture. In the 1930s, Prati and her sister Pierina began attending the religious boarding school, Nuestra Señora de la Misterordia, in Rosario. In 1936, at 15, Prati began school at the Instituto Inmaculado Corazón de Maria "Adoratrices", a traditional Catholic school in Buenos Aires. Shortly after her enrollment, she began living with her uncle Francisco Prati in a luxurious apartment building where she came into contact with culture, art, and music. In 1938, Prati received her teaching degree from Las Adoratrices, and in 1942 she moved back in with her parents who had recently moved from Chaco to Buenos Aires. In 1942 she had her first-ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in Buenos Aires. On 11 March in 1944, despite her parents' wishes, Prati married artist Tomás Maldonado with whom she had started taking art classes from two years prior. For the next eight years, they participated in collaborations and exhibitions together. In 1952, however, Prati and Maldonado separated and she traveled to Europe with her parents where she studied Renaissance paintings and met with several artists including George Vantongerloo, Max Bill, Giacomo Balla, and Piero Dorazio. In 1954, Prati and Maldonado began their divorce proceedings, at which time Prati stopped painting, though she continued to draw. For the next part of her life, Prati had several different careers. She continued her artistic career by working as a graphic and layout designer. She also began to work as a clothing and jewelry designer. From 1971 to 2001, Prati worked for the Argentine Ministero Relaciones Exteriores. In the 1980s, she served as secretary to diplomatic directors of the Department of Western. She performed administrative tasks at the Ministero and in 1980 traveled to Tunisia. Prati worked as an art critic on a radio program from 1970 to 1974 and for the art magazine Artinf, which she had co-founded with Silvia de Ambrosini, Odile Baron Supervielle, and Germaine Derbecq. Prati's life after divorcing Maldonado did not come without challenges. From 1960 on, Prati had several psychiatric episodes. In the early 1960s, she was hospitalized at Hospital Pirovano in Buenos Aires, and another time while she was in Tunisia. Prati also experienced unstable financial circumstances due to the loss of her family's business after the death of her father in 1964. Prati died on 19 August 2008, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ## Career Prati's artistic career began in 1944 when she began taking art classes with Thomás Maldonado after her cousin, María Victoria "Bimbi" Prati had met the young artist in a chance encounter. The basic drawing classes she took in school and Maldonado's classes would be the only were the only training she received, leading her to proclaim herself a self-taught artist. In 1942 she had her first ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in Buenos Aires. In 1944, Prati contributed her artwork to the one-time publication Arturo. This publication was spearheaded by a group of artists, including Carmelo Arden Quin, Gyula Kosice, and Rhod Rothfuss, Maldonado, Edgar Bayley, Joaquín Torres García, Piet Mondrian, and Wassily Kandinsky. These artists were among those with whom she had begun meeting with the previous year at the Café Rubí in Buenos Aires. Their publication of Arturo was partially funded by her father and it is now considered to be an important precursor to the avant-garde Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención and Madí art movements in Argentina. These artists would later split into two separate groups; Quin, Kosice, and Rothfuss would form Madí and Maldonado the Concrete-Invention group, respectively. Throughout the 1940s, Prati participated in several exhibitions, collaborated with other concrete artists, and taught Concrete art and industrial design in Terezopolis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil with Maldonado. In 1945, Edgar Bayley labeled the Argentine response to the European Concrete art movement invencionismo. This same group of artists that Bayley identified would later become the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención art movement. In August 1946 Prati was one of the signatories of the Inventionist Manifesto that was published in the first edition of the group's magazine, Art Concreto. In line with the abstract, non-figurative leanings of the Concrete-Inventionists, Prati's paintings during this period were highly abstract, geometric, and colorful. Indeed, a key influence on her aesthetic style was the minimalist Piet Mondrian. She also experimented with shaped canvases. In 1950 she participated in the Arte Concreto exhibition at the Instituto De Arte Moderno in Buenos Aires. In 1952, Prati traveled to Europe. During this time she and Maldonado befriended the Swiss artist Max Bill, who was an early practitioner of European Concrete art. Max Bill believed that the Argentine artists were creating "true" concrete art and he was especially impressed with Prati's artwork, likely her Composición serial (Serial Composition, 1948). In 1952 Prati exhibited with the group in an exhibition entitled Grupo de Artistas Modernos de la Argentina that Pellegrini organized at the Viau Galería de Arte in Buenos Aires. Much of Prati's work reflects the investigations of not just the AACI, but other concrete artists around the world including Max Bill and Georges Vanterlongoo. One major topic of discussion was the relationship between the background and the figure of a surface or artwork. Their two ideas for how to approach this was one, to make the background seem to vibrate as much as possible, or two, to blend the figure and the background. The first, more popular among the artists, is shown in three of Prati's works, Concret A4 (1948), Composición serial (Serial Composition, 1948), Sin título (Untitled, ca.1948) [cat. 102] and Vibración al infinito (Endless Vibration, 1953). While each of these works uses repetition and the grouping of one geometric shape, the use of color creates instability and tension between the figure and the background. This technique was reflective of Prati's studies in Gestalt Throy, Ostwald's Theory, and color theory and helped her to achieve her goal of straining our scheme of visual perception. After her divorce with Maldonado in the mid-1950s, Prati abandoned painting in favor of graphic design, jewelry and textiles. In 1963, Prati not only took part in but also designed the exhibition poster for 20 Años de Arte Concreto (or "20 Years of Concrete Art") at the Buenos Aires Museum of Modern Art. In 1970, Prati co-founded the magazine Artinf with the artists Germaine Derbecq, Silvia de Ambrosini, and Odile Baron Supervielle. ## Public collections Prati's work can be found in a number of public collections, including: - Museum of Modern Art[12] - Cisneros Fontanal Art Foundation (CIFO)[13] - MALBA[9] ## Artwork Artwork Untitled, 1944 Concreto, 1945 Untitled, 1945 Composición Serial, 1948 Concret A4, 1948 Concrete No.2-B, 1948 Variaciones Sobre Distinto Fondo, 1949 Estructura Vibracional Desde un Círculo, Serie B, 1951 Vibración al Infinito, 1953 Homenaje a Max Bill o Guatemala, 1954-1955 ## Exhibitions 1957 – "Pintores no-figurativos (elogio del pequeño formato)", Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires, 1 to 19 August. 1959 – "Primera exposición internacional de pintura de Punta del Este, Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay", Museo de Arte Moderno, Punta del Este, Uruguay. 1963 – "Del Arte Concreto a la nueva tendencia, Argentina 1944 – 1963", Museo de Arte Moderno, Buenos Aires. 1968 – "Arte Concreto-Invención, Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires. 2nd Buffalo Festival of the Arts Today, Plus Times Minus: Today’s Half Century", Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo, New York, 3 March to 14 April. 1972 – "Homenaje a Mondrian", Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires. 1976 – "Homenaje a la vanguardia del 40", Galería Arte Nuevo, Buenos Aires. 1980 – "Vanguardias de la década del 40, Arte Concreto – Invención, Arte Madi, Perceptismo", Museo Sivori, Buenos Aires, curated by Nelly Perazzo. 1991 – "Arte Concreto-Invención-Arte Madi, Argentinien 1945-1960", Haus für Konstruktive und Konkrete Kunst, Zürich, April to July. 1992 – "Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century", The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1994 – "Art from Argentina 1920 1994", Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, England. 1995 – "A cincuenta años de la Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención", Instituto Cultural Iberoamericano, Buenos Aires, July. 1996 – "El Espíritu de la Colmena", Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires. 2001 – "Abstract Art from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo, 1933 – 1953", The Americas Society, New York, 11 September to 9 December. 2002 – 2003 – "Arte Astratta Argentina", Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Bergamo, Italy, December to March 2003. 2004 – "Utopía de la forma. Espinosa, Girola, Hlito, Iommi, Lozza, Maldonado, Mele, Prati", Galería Del Infinito, Buenos Aires, inauguración 20 April.	enwiki/43912140	enwiki	43,912,140	Lidy Prati	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidy_Prati	2025-07-19T02:43:32Z	en	Q18211290	64,969	{{Short description\|Argentine artist (1921–2008)}} {{more footnotes needed\|date=July 2022}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2017}} {{Infobox artist \| honorific_prefix = \| name = Lidy Prati<!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name --> \| honorific_suffix = \| image = Lidy_Prati.jpg<!-- just the pagename, without the File:/Image: prefix or [[brackets]] --> \| image_size = \| alt = \| caption = \| native_name = \| native_name_lang = \| birth_name =Lidia Prati <!--only use if different from name--> \| birth_date = 1921<!-- {{Birth date and age\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} for living artists, {{Birth date\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} for dead --> \| birth_place = [[Resistencia, Chaco]], [[Argentina]] \| death_date = 2008<!-- {{Death date and age\|YYYY\|MM\|DD\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} --> \| death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina \| resting_place = \| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord\|LAT\|LONG\|type:landmark\|display=inline}} --> \| education = \| alma_mater = \| known_for = Painting \| notable_works = \| style = [[Abstract art]] \| movement = \| spouse = \| awards = <!-- {{awd\|award\|year\|title\|role\|name}} (optional) --> \| elected = \| patrons = \| memorials = \| website = <!-- {{URL\|Example.com}} --> \| module = }} '''Lidia '''"'''Lidy'''" '''Elena Prati''' (1921–2008) was an [[Argentine]] painter who was known for her abstract, geometric paintings. Her artwork called into question representational art and was influential in defining the concrete art movement in Latin America. Prati contributed to the publication of ''Arturo'' magazine and during the 1940s, was one of the founding members of the [[Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención]] (AACI) art movement (or Concrete-Invention Art Association) along with [[Enio Iommi]] and [[Tomás Maldonado]].<ref name="Brit">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1193621/Concrete-Invention "Concrete Invention"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> While she is primarily known for her concrete art paintings, Prati also worked in graphic and layout design and worked with textiles and jewelry.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Artnexus\|url=https://www.artnexus.com/en/magazines/article-magazine-artnexus/5d63f51a90cc21cf7c0a24ab/76/yente-lidy-prati\|access-date=2021-11-21\|website=www.artnexus.com}}</ref> ==Biography== Lidia Elena Prati was born in [[Resistencia, Chaco]], [[Argentina]] in 1921 into an Italian and Swiss-German immigrant family.<ref name="March">[http://www.march.es/arte/madrid/exposiciones/america/los_artistas.aspx?l=2 "Lidy Prati"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521201001/http://www.march.es/arte/madrid/exposiciones/america/los_artistas.aspx?l=2 \|date=21 May 2014 }}, Juan March Foundation, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> Her father, Olinto Prati, a native of Longiana, Italy, and her mother, Hilda Usinger, from the Cañada de Gómez province of Santa Fe, were married around 1916. Her father had been a public accountant in Italy, though, in Argentina, he abandoned this profession and became a prominent textile industrialist, earning him the title, "The Cotton King" of Chaco. He also produced kaolin, wood fiber, chemical products, and owned several car dealerships (Ford, Renault, and IKA). His success in these industries provided him with financial assets integral in the creation and publication of ''Arturo'' magazine. As a child, Prati lived with her family in Chatara, Chaco where her father's business was based, though when she was 6, she lived with her grandparents for a year in Rimini, Italy where she learned Italian language and culture. In the 1930s, Prati and her sister Pierina began attending the religious boarding school, Nuestra Señora de la Misterordia, in Rosario. In 1936, at 15, Prati began school at the Instituto Inmaculado Corazón de Maria "Adoratrices", a traditional Catholic school in Buenos Aires. Shortly after her enrollment, she began living with her uncle Francisco Prati in a luxurious apartment building where she came into contact with culture, art, and music. In 1938, Prati received her teaching degree from Las Adoratrices, and in 1942 she moved back in with her parents who had recently moved from Chaco to Buenos Aires. In 1942 she had her first-ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="BA">[http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/areas/cultura/arteargentino/05ingles/04biografias_en/prati_en.php "Lidy Prati Biography"], Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> On 11 March in 1944, despite her parents' wishes, Prati married artist [[Tomás Maldonado]] with whom she had started taking art classes from two years prior.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=Art & Art Maldonado Tomás\|url=http://www.artandartcollection.com/en/artists/maldonado-tomas/\|url-status=usurped\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116131405/http://www.artandartcollection.com/en/artists/maldonado-tomas/\|archive-date=16 November 2017\|access-date=2017-11-15\|website=www.artandartcollection.com\|language=en-US}}</ref> For the next eight years, they participated in collaborations and exhibitions together. In 1952''',''' however''',''' Prati and Maldonado separated and she traveled to Europe with her parents where she studied Renaissance paintings and met with several artists including [[Georges Vantongerloo\|George Vantongerloo]], [[Max Bill]], [[Giacomo Balla]], and [[Piero Dorazio]]. In 1954, Prati and Maldonado began their divorce proceedings, at which time Prati stopped painting, though she continued to draw. For the next part of her life, Prati had several different careers. She continued her artistic career by working as a graphic and layout designer. She also began to work as a clothing and jewelry designer. From 1971 to 2001, Prati worked for the Argentine Ministero Relaciones Exteriores. In the 1980s, she served as secretary to diplomatic directors of the Department of Western. She performed administrative tasks at the Ministero and in 1980 traveled to Tunisia. Prati worked as an art critic on a radio program from 1970 to 1974 and for the art magazine ''Artinf'', which she had co-founded with Silvia de Ambrosini, Odile Baron Supervielle, and Germaine Derbecq. Prati's life after divorcing Maldonado did not come without challenges. From 1960 on, Prati had several psychiatric episodes. In the early 1960s, she was hospitalized at Hospital Pirovano in Buenos Aires, and another time while she was in Tunisia. Prati also experienced unstable financial circumstances due to the loss of her family's business after the death of her father in 1964. Prati died on 19 August 2008, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|last=Yente\|title=Yente/Prati\|date=2009\|publisher=Malba, Fundación Constantini\|others=Lidia Elena Prati, Adriana Lauria, María Amalia García, Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Fundación Eduardo F. Costantini\|isbn=978-987-1271-22-1\|location=Buenos Aires\|oclc=645892432}}</ref> ==Career== Prati's artistic career began in 1944 when she began taking art classes with [[Tomás Maldonado\|Thomás Maldonado]] after her cousin, María Victoria "Bimbi" Prati had met the young artist in a chance encounter. The basic drawing classes she took in school and Maldonado's classes would be the only were the only training she received, leading her to proclaim herself a self-taught artist. In 1942 she had her first ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="BA" /> In 1944, Prati contributed her artwork to the one-time publication ''Arturo''. This publication was spearheaded by a group of artists, including [[Carmelo Arden Quin]], [[Gyula Kosice]], and [[Rhod Rothfuss]], Maldonado, Edgar Bayley, [[Joaquín Torres García]], [[Piet Mondrian]], and [[Wassily Kandinsky]]. These artists were among those with whom she had begun meeting with the previous year at the Café Rubí in Buenos Aires. Their publication of ''Arturo was'' partially funded by her father and it is now considered to be an important precursor to the avant-garde [[Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención]] and [[Madí]] art movements in Argentina.<ref name="Brit" /> These artists would later split into two separate groups; Quin, Kosice, and Rothfuss would form Madí and Maldonado the Concrete-Invention group, respectively.<ref name=":1" /> Throughout the 1940s, Prati participated in several exhibitions, collaborated with other concrete artists, and taught Concrete art and industrial design in Terezopolis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil with Maldonado.<ref name=":0" /> In 1945, Edgar Bayley labeled the Argentine response to the European [[Concrete art]] movement ''invencionismo''. This same group of artists that Bayley identified would later become the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención art movement.<ref name="Amor">Amor, Monica. [https://www.academia.edu/7267385/Displaced_Boundaries_Geometric_Abstraction_from_Pictures_to_Objects "Displaced Boundaries: Geometric Abstraction from Pictures to Objects"], ''Academia.edu'', Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> In August 1946 Prati was one of the signatories of the ''Inventionist Manifesto'' that was published in the first edition of the group's magazine, ''Art Concreto.''<ref name="BA" /> In line with the abstract, non-figurative leanings of the Concrete-Inventionists, Prati's paintings during this period were highly abstract, geometric, and colorful. Indeed, a key influence on her aesthetic style was the minimalist [[Piet Mondrian]].<ref>Cotter, Holland. [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/28/arts/art-review-idealism-and-spirit-in-visions-of-modernism-south-american-style.html "Idealism in Spirit in Visions of Modernism, South American Style"] ''The New York Times'', Retrieved 17 September 2014.</ref> She also experimented with shaped canvases. In 1950 she participated in the ''Arte Concreto'' exhibition at the [[Instituto De Arte Moderno]] in Buenos Aires.<ref name="BA" /> In 1952, Prati traveled to Europe.<ref name=BA/> During this time she and Maldonado befriended the Swiss artist [[Max Bill]], who was an early practitioner of European Concrete art.<ref name=BA/> Max Bill believed that the Argentine artists were creating "true" concrete art and he was especially impressed with Prati's artwork, likely her ''Composición serial'' (Serial Composition, 1948).<ref name=":2" /> In 1952 Prati exhibited with the group in an exhibition entitled ''Grupo de Artistas Modernos de la Argentina'' that Pellegrini organized at the ''Viau Galería de Arte'' in Buenos Aires.<ref>[http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabid/88/doc/743086/language/en-US/Default.aspx] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011053/http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabid/88/doc/743086/language/en-US/Default.aspx \|date=2 July 2018 }}, Museum of Fine Arts Houston, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> Much of Prati's work reflects the investigations of not just the AACI, but other concrete artists around the world including Max Bill and Georges Vanterlongoo. One major topic of discussion was the relationship between the background and the figure of a surface or artwork. Their two ideas for how to approach this was one, to make the background seem to vibrate as much as possible, or two, to blend the figure and the background. The first, more popular among the artists, is shown in three of Prati's works, ''Concret A4'' (1948), ''Composición serial'' (Serial Composition, 1948), ''Sin título'' (Untitled, ca.1948) [cat. 102] and ''Vibración al infinito'' (Endless Vibration, 1953). While each of these works uses repetition and the grouping of one geometric shape, the use of color creates instability and tension between the figure and the background. This technique was reflective of Prati's studies in Gestalt Throy, Ostwald's Theory, and color theory and helped her to achieve her goal of straining our scheme of visual perception.<ref name=":1" /> After her divorce with Maldonado in the mid-1950s, Prati abandoned painting in favor of graphic design, jewelry and textiles.<ref name="March" /> In 1963, Prati not only took part in but also designed the exhibition poster for ''20 Años de Arte Concreto'' (or "20 Years of Concrete Art") at the [[Buenos Aires Museum of Modern Art]].<ref name=BA/> In 1970, Prati co-founded the magazine ''Artinf'' with the artists Germaine Derbecq, Silvia de Ambrosini, and [[Odile Baron Supervielle]].<ref>[http://www.macba.com.ar/eng-bio.php?id=116 "Germaine Derbecq"] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082029/http://www.macba.com.ar/eng-bio.php?id=116 \|date= 4 March 2016 }}, MACBA, Retrieved 22 September 2014.</ref> ==Public collections== Prati's work can be found in a number of public collections, including: [[Museum of Modern Art]]<ref>[http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A39621&page_number=&template_id=6&sort_order=1 "The Collection: Lidy Prati (Argentine, 1921-2008)"], The Museum of Modern Art, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> Cisneros Fontanal Art Foundation (CIFO)<ref>[http://www.cifo.org/es/colecciones/coleccion-ella-fontanals-cisneros "Collection: Geometric Abstraction"] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011030707/http://www.cifo.org/es/colecciones/coleccion-ella-fontanals-cisneros \|date=11 October 2014 }}, CIFO, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> *[[MALBA]]<ref name=":2">[http://www.malba.org.ar/online/?idartista=162 "Lidy Prati 1921-2008"], Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> == Artwork == Artwork ''Untitled'', 1944 ''Concreto,'' 1945 ''Untitled,'' 1945 ''Composición Serial,'' 1948 ''Concret A4,'' 1948 ''Concrete No.2-B,'' 1948 ''Variaciones Sobre Distinto Fondo'', 1949 ''Estructura Vibracional Desde un Círculo, Serie B,'' 1951 ''Vibración al Infinito,'' 1953 ''Homenaje a Max Bill o Guatemala,'' 1954-1955 == Exhibitions == 1957 – "Pintores no-figurativos (elogio del pequeño formato)", Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires, 1 to 19 August. 1959 – "Primera exposición internacional de pintura de Punta del Este, Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay", Museo de Arte Moderno, Punta del Este, Uruguay. 1963 – "Del Arte Concreto a la nueva tendencia, Argentina 1944 – 1963", Museo de Arte Moderno, Buenos Aires. 1968 – "Arte Concreto-Invención, Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires. 2nd Buffalo Festival of the Arts Today, Plus Times Minus: Today’s Half Century", Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo, New York, 3 March to 14 April. 1972 – "Homenaje a Mondrian", Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires. 1976 – "Homenaje a la vanguardia del 40", Galería Arte Nuevo, Buenos Aires. 1980 – "Vanguardias de la década del 40, Arte Concreto – Invención, Arte Madi, Perceptismo", Museo Sivori, Buenos Aires, curated by Nelly Perazzo. 1991 – "Arte Concreto-Invención-Arte Madi, Argentinien 1945-1960", Haus für Konstruktive und Konkrete Kunst, Zürich, April to July. 1992 – "Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century", The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1994 – "Art from Argentina 1920 1994", Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, England. 1995 – "A cincuenta años de la Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención", Instituto Cultural Iberoamericano, Buenos Aires, July. 1996 – "El Espíritu de la Colmena", Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires. 2001 – "Abstract Art from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo, 1933 – 1953", The Americas Society, New York, 11 September to 9 December. 2002 – 2003 – "Arte Astratta Argentina", Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Bergamo, Italy, December to March 2003. 2004 – "Utopía de la forma. Espinosa, Girola, Hlito, Iommi, Lozza, Maldonado, Mele, Prati", Galería Del Infinito, Buenos Aires, inauguración 20 April. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Prati, Lidy}} [[Category:1921 births]] [[Category:2008 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine painters]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine artists]] [[Category:Argentine painters]] [[Category:Argentine graphic designers]] [[Category:Argentine women graphic designers]] [[Category:People from Resistencia, Chaco]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine women painters]]	1,301,292,531	[{"title": "Lidy Prati", "data": {"Born": "Lidia Prati \u00b7 1921 \u00b7 Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina", "Died": "2008 \u00b7 Buenos Aires, Argentina", "Known for": "Painting", "Style": "Abstract art"}}]	false
# 2024 English cricket season The 2024 English cricket season commenced on 5 April and finished on 29 September 2024. It was the 124th season in which the County Championship has been an official competition and featured First-Class, List-A, and Twenty20 cricket competitions throughout England and Wales. For both men and women, the fourth edition of The Hundred was played from 23 July – 18 August 2024. ## International tours ### Pakistan men's tour In May 2024, Pakistan toured England to play four Twenty20 International (T20I) matches as part of their preparation for the 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. England won the series 2–0 with two matches being abandoned. ### West Indies men's tour In July 2024, West Indies toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won all three Tests with Gus Atkinson named player of the series after taking 22 wickets. ### Sri Lanka men's tour In August and September 2024, Sri Lanka toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won the series with victories in the first two Tests before Sri Lanka won the final Test at The Oval. ### Australia men's tour In September 2024, Australia toured England for three T20I and five One Day International matches. The T20I series was drawn 1–1 with one match abandoned before Australia secured a 3–2 victory in the ODI series. ### Pakistan women's tour The Pakistan women's team toured England in May to play three Women's One Day International (WODI) and three Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) matches. England won the WT20I series 3–0 before a 2–0 victory in the WODI series with one match abandoned. The WODI series formed part of the 2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship. ### New Zealand women's tour The New Zealand women's team toured England in June and July to play three WODI and five WT20I matches. England won the WODI series 3–0 and completed a clean sweep by triumphing 5–0 in the WT20Is. ## Domestic cricket ### County Championship The County Championship began on 5 April and finished on 29 September with each team playing 14 fixtures. Defending champions Surrey retained their title to complete a third consecutive championship win. Lancashire and Kent were relegated from Division One, with Sussex and Yorkshire earning promotion from Division Two. ### One-Day Cup The One-Day Cup ran from 24 July to 23 September with the counties separated into two groups of nine. Glamorgan defeated Somerset in the final, winning by 15 runs. ### T20 Blast The T20 Blast ran from 30 May until 14 September with the eighteen counties divided into two groups of nine - the North Group and the South Group. All four teams to reach finals day came from the South Group with Gloucestershire beating Somerset by eight wickets in the final. ### The Hundred The fourth season of The Hundred took place in July and August, with eight men's and eight women's teams competing. The Oval Invincibles defended the men's title with London Spirit securing a first title in the women's competition. ### Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy The Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy took place from 20 April to 21 September, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. The final took place on 21 September at Grace Road, Leicester. The Sunrisers won their first title, beating South East Stars. ### Charlotte Edwards Cup The Charlotte Edwards Cup took place from 18 May to 22 June, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. The Blaze beat South East Stars in the final by seven wickets. ### Women's County Cricket The Women's Twenty20 Cup took place from 26 May to 26 August, with four regional groups leading to national finals with Derbyshire winning the competition. ### National Counties Cricket The National Counties Cricket Championship title was shared between Berkshire and Staffordshire after the final ended in a draw. The NCCA Knockout Trophy was won by Norfolk who beat Cheshire in the final.	enwiki/75704554	enwiki	75,704,554	2024 English cricket season	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_English_cricket_season	2025-06-29T02:51:35Z	en	Q124304084	117,792	{{Infobox domestic cricket season \| tourney_name = English cricket season \| year = 2024 \| other_titles = \| tournament1 = [[2024 County Championship\|County Championship]] \| champions1 = [[Surrey County Cricket Club\|Surrey]] \| runnersup1 = [[Hampshire County Cricket Club\|Hampshire]] \| runs1 = \| wickets1 = \| tournament2 = [[2024 One-Day Cup\|One-Day Cup]] \| champions2 = [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club\|Glamorgan]] \| runnersup2 = [[Somerset County Cricket Club\|Somerset]] \| runs2 = \| wickets2 = \| tournament3 = [[2024 T20 Blast\|T20 Blast]] \| champions3 = [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club\|Gloucestershire]] \| runnersup3 = [[Somerset County Cricket Club\|Somerset]] \| runs3 = \| wickets3 = \| tournament4 = [[2024 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy\|Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy]] \| champions4 = [[Sunrisers (women's cricket)\|Sunrisers]] \| runnersup4 = [[South East Stars]] \| runs4 = \| wickets4 = \| tournament5 = [[2024 Charlotte Edwards Cup\|Charlotte Edwards Cup]] \| champions5 = [[The Blaze (women's cricket)\|The Blaze]] \| runnersup5 = [[South East Stars]] \| runs5 = \| wickets5 = \| tournament6 = [[2024 season of The Hundred\|The Hundred]] \| champions6 = [[London Spirit]] (women's) <br> [[Oval Invincibles]] (men's) \| runnersup6 = [[Welsh Fire]] (women's) <br> [[Southern Brave]] (men's) \| runs6 = \| wickets6 = \| pca = \| wisden = \| prevseason = [[2023 English cricket season\|2023]] \| nextseason = [[2025 English cricket season\|2025]] }} The '''2024 English cricket season''' commenced on 5 April and finished on 29 September 2024.<ref>{{Cite news \|title=County Championship 2024 Champions Surrey to start season against Lancashire \|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/67501078 \|access-date=2 January 2024 \|work=skysports.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=LV= County Championship 2024 fixtures \|url=https://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12123/13013573/lv-county-championship-2024-fixtures-all-the-matches-in-next-years-competition \|access-date=2 January 2024 \|work=skysports.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=ECB defends 'Super September' as 2024 County fixtures put season climax in spotlight \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ecb-defends-super-september-as-2024-county-fixtures-put-season-climax-in-spotlight-1410096 \|access-date=2 January 2024 \|work=ESPN CricInfo}}</ref> It was the 124th season in which the [[County Championship]] has been an official competition and featured [[First-class cricket\|First-Class]], [[List A cricket\|List-A]], and [[Twenty20]] cricket competitions throughout England and Wales. For both men and women, the fourth edition of [[The Hundred (cricket)\|The Hundred]] was played from [[2024 The Hundred season\|23 July – 18 August 2024]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=The Hundred \|url=https://www.thehundred.com/fixtures \|access-date=2024-07-07 \|website=www.thehundred.com \|language=en}}</ref> ==International tours== ===Pakistan men's tour=== {{main\|Pakistani cricket team in England in 2024}} In May 2024, Pakistan toured England to play four [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) matches as part of their preparation for the [[2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup]]. England won the series 2–0 with two matches being abandoned.<ref>{{cite web \|first=Matthew \|last=Henry \|title=England thrash Pakistan in final World Cup warm-up \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c844px1qqqko \|website=BBC Sport \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=30 May 2024}}</ref> ===West Indies men's tour=== {{main\|West Indian cricket team in England in 2024}} In July 2024, West Indies toured England to play three [[Test cricket\|Test]] matches which formed part of the [[2023–2025 World Test Championship\|2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship]]. England won all three Tests with [[Gus Atkinson]] named player of the series after taking 22 wickets.<ref>{{cite web \|first=Timothy \|last=Abraham \|title=Wood takes five as England win third Test \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/cv2g913l11lo \|website=BBC Sport \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=28 July 2024}}</ref> ===Sri Lanka men's tour=== {{main\|Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2024}} In August and September 2024, Sri Lanka toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won the series with victories in the first two Tests before Sri Lanka won the final Test at [[The Oval]].<ref>{{cite web \|first=Valkerie \|last=Baynes \|title=Pathum Nissanka, fast bowlers script famous win for Sri Lanka \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sri-lanka-in-england-2024-1385672/england-vs-sri-lanka-3rd-test-1385696/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=9 September 2024}}</ref> ===Australia men's tour=== {{main\|Australian cricket team in England in 2024}} In September 2024, Australia toured England for three T20I and five [[One Day International]] matches. The T20I series was drawn 1–1 with one match abandoned before Australia secured a 3–2 victory in the ODI series.<ref>{{cite web \|first=Andrew \|last=McGlashan \|title=Head, Short ensure Australia beat England and the rain to take series \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-in-england-2024-1385674/england-vs-australia-5th-odi-1385704/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=29 September 2024}}</ref> ===Pakistan women's tour=== {{main\|Pakistan women's cricket team in England in 2024}} The Pakistan women's team toured England in May to play three [[Women's One Day International]] (WODI) and three [[Women's Twenty20 International]] (WT20I) matches. England won the WT20I series 3–0 before a 2–0 victory in the WODI series with one match abandoned.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Miller \|first1=Andrew \|title=Nat Sciver-Brunt century drives England to imposing 178-run victory \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pakistan-women-in-england-2024-1398242/england-women-vs-pakistan-women-3rd-odi-1398273/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=29 May 2024}}</ref> The WODI series formed part of the [[2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship]]. ===New Zealand women's tour=== {{main\|New Zealand women's cricket team in England in 2024}} The New Zealand women's team toured England in June and July to play three WODI and five WT20I matches. England won the WODI series 3–0 and completed a clean sweep by triumphing 5–0 in the WT20Is.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Wynne \|first1=Ffion \|title=England beat New Zealand to end home summer undefeated \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c4ng9d8e3y0o \|website=BBC Sport \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=17 July 2024}}</ref> ==Domestic cricket== ===County Championship=== {{main\|2024 County Championship}} The [[County Championship]] began on 5 April and finished on 29 September with each team playing 14 fixtures. Defending champions [[Surrey County Cricket Club\|Surrey]] retained their title to complete a third consecutive championship win. [[Lancashire County Cricket Club\|Lancashire]] and [[Kent County Cricket Club\|Kent]] were relegated from Division One, with [[Sussex County Cricket Club\|Sussex]] and [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club\|Yorkshire]] earning promotion from Division Two.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Surrey lift 2024 Vitality County Championship trophy \|url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/4136690/surrey-lift-2024-vitality-county-championship-trophy?_gl=11i4n0vl_upMQ.._gaOTg0MjI2MDIzLjE3Mjc3NzgwNjk._ga_RB2BVD5EKHMTcyNzc3ODA2OC4xLjEuMTcyNzc3ODA5OS4wLjAuMA.._ga_E3D3L0MGDX*MTcyNzc3ODA2OC4xLjEuMTcyNzc3ODA5OS4wLjAuMA.. \|website=ECB \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=30 September 2024}}</ref> ===One-Day Cup=== {{main\|2024 One-Day Cup}} The [[One-Day Cup (England)\|One-Day Cup]] ran from 24 July to 23 September with the counties separated into two groups of nine. [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club\|Glamorgan]] defeated [[Somerset County Cricket Club\|Somerset]] in the final, winning by 15 runs.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Northeast stars as Glamorgan hold off Somerset to lift One-Day Cup \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/one-day-cup-2024-1415079/glamorgan-vs-somerset-final-1415156/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=23 September 2024}}</ref> ===T20 Blast=== {{main\|2024 T20 Blast}} The [[T20 Blast]] ran from 30 May until 14 September with the eighteen counties divided into two groups of nine - the North Group and the South Group. All four teams to reach finals day came from the South Group with [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club\|Gloucestershire]] beating Somerset by eight wickets in the final.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Gardner \|first1=Alan \|title=Gloucestershire break Blast hoodoo in style with eight-wicket rout of Somerset \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/t20-blast-2024-1410370/somerset-vs-gloucestershire-final-1410502/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=14 September 2024}}</ref> ===The Hundred=== {{main\|2024 season of The Hundred}} The fourth season of [[The Hundred (cricket)\|The Hundred]] took place in July and August, with eight men's and eight women's teams competing. The [[Oval Invincibles]] defended the men's title with [[London Spirit]] securing a first title in the women's competition.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Oval Invincibles retain men’s Hundred crown as London Spirit clinch women’s trophy \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket/the-hundred-final-results-oval-invincibles-b2598141.html \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|work=The Independent \|date=18 August 2024}}</ref> ===Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy=== {{main\|2024 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy}} The [[Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy]] took place from 20 April to 21 September, with eight regional teams competing in a [[Round-robin tournament\|round-robin]] group. The final took place on 21 September at [[Grace Road]], Leicester. The [[Sunrisers (women's cricket)\|Sunrisers]] won their first title, beating [[South East Stars]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Coppack, Griffith star as Sunrisers claim maiden silverware \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/rachael-heyhoe-flint-trophy-2024-1427805/sunrisers-vs-south-east-stars-final-1427864/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=21 September 2024}}</ref> ===Charlotte Edwards Cup=== {{main\|2024 Charlotte Edwards Cup}} The [[Charlotte Edwards Cup]] took place from 18 May to 22 June, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. [[The Blaze (women's cricket)\|The Blaze]] beat South East Stars in the final by seven wickets.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Bryce sisters star as Blaze lift Charlotte Edwards Cup \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/charlotte-edwards-cup-2024-1410505/the-blaze-vs-south-east-stars-final-1410550/match-report \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=22 June 2024}}</ref> ===Women's County Cricket=== {{details\|2024 Women's Twenty20 Cup}} The [[Women's Twenty20 Cup]] took place from 26 May to 26 August, with four regional groups leading to national finals with [[Derbyshire Women cricket team\|Derbyshire]] winning the competition.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Derbyshire Women Crowned National T20 Winners 2024 \|url=https://dcfcricket.com/2024/08/derbyshire-women-crowned-national-t20-winners-2024/ \|website=Derbyshire County Cricket Club \|access-date=1 October 2024}}</ref> ===National Counties Cricket=== The [[National Counties Cricket Championship]] title was shared between [[Berkshire County Cricket Club\|Berkshire]] and [[Staffordshire County Cricket Club\|Staffordshire]] after the final ended in a draw.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Durant Cricket NCCA Championship Final 2024: Day Four - Review \|url=https://nationalcountiesca.co.uk/news/durantCricketNccaChampionshipFinal2024DayFourReview \|website=NCCA \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=4 September 2024}}</ref> The [[NCCA Knockout Trophy]] was won by [[Norfolk County Cricket Club\|Norfolk]] who beat [[Cheshire County Cricket Club\|Cheshire]] in the final.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Norfolk beat Cheshire in NCCA Trophy final at Wormsley \|url=https://www.norfolkcricket.co.uk/norfolk-beat-cheshire-in-ncca-trophy-final-at-wormsley/ \|website=Norfolk Cricket Board \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|date=25 August 2024}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{2024 English cricket season}} {{English cricket seasons}} [[Category:English cricket seasons in the 21st century]] [[Category:2024 in English cricket\| ]] [[Category:2024 in English women's cricket\| ]]	1,297,877,866	[{"title": "2024 English cricket season", "data": {"Champions": "Surrey", "Runners-up": "Hampshire"}}, {"title": "One-Day Cup", "data": {"Champions": "Glamorgan", "Runners-up": "Somerset"}}, {"title": "T20 Blast", "data": {"Champions": "Gloucestershire", "Runners-up": "Somerset"}}, {"title": "Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy", "data": {"Champions": "Sunrisers", "Runners-up": "South East Stars"}}, {"title": "Charlotte Edwards Cup", "data": {"Champions": "The Blaze", "Runners-up": "South East Stars"}}, {"title": "The Hundred", "data": {"Champions": "London Spirit (women's) \u00b7 Oval Invincibles (men's)", "Runners-up": "Welsh Fire (women's) \u00b7 Southern Brave (men's)"}}]	false
# Þráinn Bertelsson Þráinn Bertelsson (born 30 November 1944) is an Icelandic film director, writer, politician, journalist and newspaper editor. He moved into politics during the 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis, and was elected a member of the Althing in 2009, initially for the Citizens' Movement. He later left the party to become an independent MP, before joining the Left-Green Movement, which he currently represents. ## Film production Þráinn has written, directed and produced seven feature films. His 1981 film Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni (English title: The Twins) won a Silver Award at the 1982 Giffoni Film Festival. His 1989 film Magnús was nominated for two European Film Awards, for best picture and best script, and received the 1990 DV Cultural Prize in Iceland. He was a co-founder of Norðan 8 and in 1982 founded his own film company, Nýtt líf (New Life Ltd.). He served a year as chairman of The Association of Icelandic Film Directors. ## Writing Þráinn has written columns for Iceland's largest newspaper, Fréttablaðið, and his autobiographical Einhvers konar ég (English: Some Kind of Me) sold more than 20,000 copies in Iceland. He has also translated several of the novels of Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. In 1987–1988, Þráinn was the editor of the newspaper Þjóðviljinn, and in 1990 of the magazine Hesturinn okkar. His 1984 book Hundrað ára afmælið won the Children's Literature Prize of the Reykjavík Board of Education. He has also written three darkly comic crime novels: Dauðans óvissi tími (Death's Uncertain Hour, 2004), Valkyrjur (Valkyries, 2005), and Englar dauðans (Angels of Death, 2007). From 1992 to 1994, he was chairman of The Writer's Union of Iceland. ## Politics Þráinn has been a member of the Althing since 2009, initially representing the Citizens' Movement party. On 14 August 2009 he left the party, choosing to sit as an independent. He is now sitting with the Left Green Party. ## Personal He is married to Sólveig Eggertsdóttir, an artist who heads a department at the Iceland Art Academy. They have two children and live in Reykjavík. ## Filmography - Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni; English title: The Twins (1981) - Ég mundi segja hó (TV movie) (1982) - Nýtt líf (1983) - Dalalíf (1984) - Skammdegi (1985) - Löggulíf (1985) - Magnús (1989) - Einkalíf (1995) - Sigla himinfley (TV miniseries) (1996)[citation needed] ## Bibliography - Sunnudagur (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1970) - Stefnumót í Dublin (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1971) - Kópamaros : skáldsaga um óunninn sigur (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1972) - Paradísarvíti : endurminningarþættir sem sjálfur hefur saman skrifað greifinn Yon d'islande, fæddur Jón Dísland, Bakka (nú Sólbakka) í Eyjafjarðarsýslu, Íslandi (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1974) - Svartur markaður : sakamálaleikrit í 6 þáttum, with Gunnar Gunnarsson (1978) - Hundrað ára afmælið, illustrated by Brian Pilkington (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1984) - Það var og - : 33 útvarpsþættir (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1985) - Tungumál fuglanna (published under the pseudonym Tómas Davíðsson) (Reykjavík : Svart á hvítu, 1987) - Magnús : kvikmyndahandrit (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1990) - Laddi (Reykjavík : Líf og saga, 1991) - Sigla himinfley, illustrated by Snorri Freyr Hilmarsson (Reykjavík : Skjaldborg, 1992) - Vinir og kunningjar : óvenjulegar frásagnir af venjulegu fólki (Reykjavík : Dægradvöl, 1996) - Einhvers konar ég (Reykjavík : JPV, 2003) - My self & I, trans. by Hallberg Hallmundsson (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) - Bertels Sohn : ein Leben in Island, trans. by Maike Hannek (München : Rogner & Bernhard, 2011) - Dauðans óvissi tími (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) - Valkyrjur (Reykjavík : JPV, 2005) - Walküren, trans. by Tina Flecken (München : Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2008) - Englar dauðans (Reykjavík : JPV, 2007) - Höllenengel, trans. by Maike Hanneck (München : Deutsche Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010) - Höllenengel : ein Island-Krimi, trans. by Maike Hanneck (Köln : Lingen, 2012) - Ég ef mig skyldi kalla : seinþroskasaga (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2008) - Fallið : fjölskylduleyndarmál (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2011)[citation needed]	enwiki/5727794	enwiki	5,727,794	Þráinn Bertelsson	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%A1inn_Bertelsson	2025-06-09T09:14:02Z	en	Q200619	50,866	{{Short description\|Icelandic politician}} {{BLP sources\|date=March 2011}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2020}} {{icelandic name\|Þráinn\|male}} {{Infobox person \| name = Þráinn Bertelsson \| birth_date = 30 November 1944 \| nationality = Icelandic \| occupation = Film director, writer, politician, journalist, newspaper editor }} '''Þráinn Bertelsson''' (born 30 November 1944) is an [[Iceland]]ic [[film director]], [[writer]], [[politician]], [[journalist]] and [[newspaper editor]]. He moved into politics during the [[2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis]], and was elected a member of the [[Althing]] in 2009, initially for the [[Citizens' Movement (Iceland)\|Citizens' Movement]]. He later left the party to become an independent [[Member of parliament\|MP]], before joining the [[Left-Green Movement]], which he currently represents.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.althingi.is/cv_en.php4?ksfaerslunr=123\|title=CV at Althing's official web site\|accessdate=4 March 2011}}</ref> ==Film production== Þráinn has written, directed and produced seven feature films. His 1981 film ''[[Jón Oddur & Jón bjarni (film)\|Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni]]'' (English title: ''The Twins'') won a Silver Award at the 1982 [[Giffoni Film Festival]].<ref name="Bokmenntir">[http://www.bokmenntir.is/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-3949/6069_read-19018/RSkra-130RSkra-130 Þráinn Bertelsson: Verðlaun og viðurkenningar], Bókmenntir.is, [[Reykjavík City Library]] {{in lang\|is}}</ref><ref>[http://www.icelandicfilmcentre.is/Icelandic-Films/Features/moreicelandicfilms/nr/1893 The Twins], More Icelandic films, [[Icelandic Film Centre]].</ref> His 1989 film ''[[Magnús (film)\|Magnús]]'' was nominated for two [[European Film Award]]s, for best picture and best script, and received the 1990 DV Cultural Prize in Iceland.<ref name="Borgar">[http://100.bokmenntir.is/rithofundur.asp_cat_id=895&author_id=108&lang=8 Þráinn Bertelsson]{{dead link\|date=May 2025}}, Icelandic Literature, Reykjavík City Library</ref><ref>[http://www.icelandicfilmcentre.is/Icelandic-Films/Features/moreicelandicfilms/nr/2041 Magnús], More Icelandic films, Icelandic Film Centre.</ref> He was a co-founder of Norðan 8 and in 1982 founded his own film company, Nýtt líf (New Life Ltd.). He served a year as chairman of The Association of Icelandic Film Directors.<ref name=Borgar/> ==Writing== Þráinn has written columns for Iceland's largest newspaper, ''[[Fréttablaðið]]'', and his autobiographical ''Einhvers konar ég'' ({{langx\|en\|Some Kind of Me}}) sold more than 20,000 copies in Iceland.{{Citation needed\|date=May 2007}} He has also translated several of the novels of [[Maj Sjöwall]] and [[Per Wahlöö]]. In 1987–1988, Þráinn was the editor of the newspaper ''[[Þjóðviljinn]]'', and in 1990 of the magazine ''Hesturinn okkar''.<ref name=Borgar/> His 1984 book ''Hundrað ára afmælið'' won the Children's Literature Prize of the Reykjavík Board of Education.<ref name=Bokmenntir/> He has also written three darkly comic crime novels: ''[[Dauðans óvissi tími]]'' (''Death's Uncertain Hour'', 2004), ''Valkyrjur'' (''Valkyries'', 2005), and ''Englar dauðans'' (''Angels of Death'', 2007). From 1992 to 1994, he was chairman of The Writer's Union of Iceland.<ref name=Borgar/> ==Politics== Þráinn has been a member of the [[Althing]] since 2009, initially representing the [[Citizens' Movement (Iceland)\|Citizens' Movement]] party. On 14 August 2009 he left the party, choosing to sit as an independent. He is now sitting with the [[Left-Green Movement\|Left Green Party]].{{Citation needed\|date=May 2021}} ==Personal== He is married to Sólveig Eggertsdóttir, an artist who heads a department at the Iceland Art Academy. They have two children and live in [[Reykjavík]].<ref name=Borgar/> ==Filmography== ''[[Jón Oddur & Jón bjarni (film)\|Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni]]''; English title: ''The Twins'' (1981) ''[[Ég mundi segja hó]]'' (TV movie) (1982) ''[[Nýtt líf]]'' (1983) ''[[Dalalíf]]'' (1984) ''[[Skammdegi]]'' (1985) ''[[Löggulíf]]'' (1985) ''[[Magnús (film)\|Magnús]]'' (1989) ''[[Einkalíf]]'' (1995) ''[[Sigla himinfley]]'' (TV miniseries) (1996){{Citation needed\|date=May 2021}} ==Bibliography== ''Sunnudagur'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1970) * ''Stefnumót í Dublin'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1971) * ''Kópamaros : skáldsaga um óunninn sigur'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1972) * ''Paradísarvíti : endurminningarþættir sem sjálfur hefur saman skrifað greifinn Yon d'islande, fæddur Jón Dísland, Bakka (nú Sólbakka) í Eyjafjarðarsýslu, Íslandi'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1974) * ''Svartur markaður : sakamálaleikrit í 6 þáttum'', with Gunnar Gunnarsson (1978) * ''Hundrað ára afmælið'', illustrated by Brian Pilkington (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1984) * ''Það var og - : 33 útvarpsþættir'' (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1985) * ''Tungumál fuglanna'' (published under the pseudonym Tómas Davíðsson) (Reykjavík : Svart á hvítu, 1987) * ''Magnús : kvikmyndahandrit'' (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1990) * ''Laddi'' (Reykjavík : Líf og saga, 1991) * ''Sigla himinfley'', illustrated by Snorri Freyr Hilmarsson (Reykjavík : Skjaldborg, 1992) * ''Vinir og kunningjar : óvenjulegar frásagnir af venjulegu fólki'' (Reykjavík : Dægradvöl, 1996) * ''Einhvers konar ég'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2003) ''My self & I'', trans. by Hallberg Hallmundsson (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) ''Bertels Sohn : ein Leben in Island'', trans. by Maike Hannek (München : Rogner & Bernhard, 2011) * ''[[Dauðans óvissi tími]]'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) * ''Valkyrjur'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2005) ** ''Walküren'', trans. by Tina Flecken (München : Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2008) * ''Englar dauðans'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2007) ''Höllenengel'', trans. by Maike Hanneck (München : Deutsche Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010) ''Höllenengel : ein Island-Krimi'', trans. by Maike Hanneck (Köln : Lingen, 2012) * ''Ég ef mig skyldi kalla : seinþroskasaga'' (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2008) * ''Fallið : fjölskylduleyndarmál'' (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2011){{Citation needed\|date=May 2021}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb name\|0077881\|Þráinn Bertelsson}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bertelsson, Thrainn}} [[Category:1944 births]] [[Category:21st-century Icelandic novelists\|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Citizens' Movement (Iceland) politicians\|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Icelandic male novelists\|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Left-Green Movement politicians\|Thrainn Bertelsson]]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Members of the Althing 2009–2013\|Thrainn Bertelsson]]] [[Category:The Movement (Iceland) politicians\|Thrainn Bertelsson]]	1,294,703,568	[{"title": "\u00der\u00e1inn Bertelsson", "data": {"Born": "30 November 1944", "Nationality": "Icelandic", "Occupation(s)": "Film director, writer, politician, journalist, newspaper editor"}}]	false
# Macropsia Macropsia is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear larger than normal, causing the person to feel smaller than they actually are. Macropsia, along with its opposite condition, micropsia, can be categorized under dysmetropsia. Macropsia is related to other conditions dealing with visual perception, such as aniseikonia and Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS, also known as Todd's syndrome). Macropsia has a wide range of causes, from prescription and illicit drugs, to migraines and (rarely) complex partial epilepsy, and to different retinal conditions, such as epiretinal membrane. Physiologically, retinal macropsia results from the compression of cones in the eye. It is the compression of receptor distribution that results in greater stimulation and thus a larger perceived image of an object. ## Signs and symptoms The most obvious symptom of macropsia is the presence of exceptionally enlarged objects throughout the visual field. For example, a young girl might see her sister's books as the same size as her sister. Stemming from this symptom, someone with macropsia may feel undersized in relation to their surrounding environment. Patients with macropsia have also noted the cessation of auditory function prior to the onset of visual hallucination, indicating possible seizure either before or after the hallucination. A buzzing sound in the ears has also been reported immediately before macropsia development. Some patients claim that symptoms may be eased if an attempt is made to physically touch the object which appears enormous in size. It is important to note, however, that patients typically remain lucid and alert throughout episodes, being able to recount specific details. A person with macropsia may have no psychiatric conditions. Symptoms caused chemically by drugs such as cannabis, magic mushrooms, or cocaine tend to dissipate after the chemical compound has been excreted from the body. Those who acquire macropsia as a symptom of a virus usually experience complete recovery and restoration of normal vision. Dysmetropsia in one eye, a case of aniseikonia, can present with symptoms such as headaches, asthenopia, reading difficulties, depth perception problems, or double vision. The visual distortion can cause uncorrelated images to stimulate corresponding retinal regions simultaneously impairing fusion of the images. Without suppression of one of the images symptoms from mild poor stereopsis, binocular diplopia and intolerable rivalry can occur. ### Psychological effects There are a broad range of psychological and emotional effects that a person with macropsia may experience. One competing theory has radically stated that macropsia may be an entirely psychological pathological phenomenon without any structural defect or definite cause. They may be in an irritable or angry state, or in contrast, a euphoric state. There is evidence that those who experience Alice in Wonderland Syndrome and associated macropsia are able to recount their experiences with thorough detail. There may be no evidence of psychiatric disturbance and, as a result, no psychiatric therapy may be required. Psychological conditions often arise from macropsia, but the general consensus is that they do not cause macropsia. Those affected may experience extreme anxiety both during and after episodes as a result of the overwhelming nature of their distorted visual field. Due to the fear and anxiety associated with the condition, those who have previously had an episode hesitate to recount the episode, although retain the ability to do so. Psychologically, a person with macropsia may feel separation and dissociation from the outside world and even from immediate family. This feeling of dissociation has mostly been noted in child or adolescent patients. The patient may feel that they must unfairly contend with hostile and aggressive forces due to the gigantic nature of the surrounding environment. The defense against said forces is usually expressed verbally. The patient may falsely present an outgoing or flamboyant persona, while remaining fearful of people internally. They, in an attempt to balance the size distortion, may try to make others feel small in size through insult or hostile behavior. The psychological impact of macropsia on long-term sufferers or people who have had the condition since childhood may be greater and lead to severe ego-deficiencies. An alternative interpretation of the condition is that macropsia is a response to biophysiological contraction and has no psychological roots. Thus, when a patient reaches for an enlarged object, they are overcoming that physiological contraction. However, this theory has been under much scrutiny. ## Causes ### Structural defects In cases where macropsia affects one eye resulting in differences in the way the two eyes perceive the size or shape of images, the condition is known as aniseikonia. Aniseikonia is known to be associated with certain retinal conditions. Epiretinal membrane has been found to cause metamorphopsia and aniseikonia. Vitreomacular traction caused by the excessive adhesion of vitreous fluid to the retina is related to aniseikonia due to the separation and compression of photoreceptor cells. Macular edema and surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can also cause an increased separation of macular photoreceptor cells resulting in dysmetropsia. Retinoschisis is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia. There is evidence that a lesion appearing in the posterior area of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway can cause macropsia. This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction. ### Medications The most prevalent research on prescription drugs with side effects of macropsia deals with zolpidem and citalopram. Zolpidem is a drug prescribed for insomnia, and although it has proven beneficial effects, there have been numerous reported cases of adverse perceptual reactions. One of these cases discusses an anorexic woman's episode of macropsia, which occurred twenty minutes after taking 10 mg zolpidem. The same woman later had two more episodes of zolpidem-induced macropsia, after taking 5 mg and 2.5 mg zolpidem, respective to each episode. The intensity of the macropsia episodes decreased with the decreasing amount of zolpidem administered; it is implied in the article that the level of intensity was based on the patients accounts of her macropsia episodes, and that no external diagnosis was used. Hoyler points out notable similarities among the different reported cases of zolpidem-induced disorganization. The similarities were that all the cases were reported by women, the disorganization and agitation followed the first administration of zolpidem, and once zolpidem was discontinued, there were no lasting residual effects. It is believed that zolpidem-related macropsia is more prevalent in women because plasma zolpidem concentration is 40% higher in women, a concentration that further increases in anorexic women. Citalopram-induced macropsia is similar to zolpidem-induced macropsia since both types have been observed in relatively few cases, and neither of the drugs' side effects can be supported by experimental evidence. Citalopram is an antidepressant that inhibits serotonin reuptake. The first case of macropsia thought to be induced by citalopram involves a woman who experienced macropsia after her first administration of 10 mg citalopram. Just as with zolpidem, after the immediate discontinuation of citalopram, there were no further episodes of macropsia. ### Illicit drugs There are suggestions that visual distortions, such as macropsia, can be associated with cocaine use. Episodes of temporary drug-induced macropsia subside as the chemicals leave the body. ### Migraine Past research has linked macropsia to migraine. One of these studies was conducted on Japanese adolescents who reported visual episodic illusions with macropsia and showed that illusions are three times more likely to occur in association with migraine. The illusions were most prevalent among girls between the ages of 16 and 18. It is unlikely that macropsia in Japanese adolescents could be due to epileptic seizure since only 0.3% of Japanese adolescents have epilepsy. No evidence of drugs was found, which eliminates the possibility of the macropsia in the adolescents being drug-induced. It is also unlikely for macropsia in adolescent children to be associated with a serious disease. It is usually the macropsia or other visual disturbance which precedes the painful migrainous headaches. The episodes of macropsia can occur as part of the aura in a migraine. These episodes are often brief, lasting only a few minutes. Adolescents who are deemed to have multiple distortions per episode, such as slow motion vision and macropsia, are even more likely to be people with migraine. The macropsia episodes associated with migraine are typically equivalent to the duration of the aura, which can range from moments to 15 minutes. Non-migrainous headaches are not known to be associated with episodic illusions. Even in the absence of a migraine, a fever or a hypnogogic state can provoke visual illusions, which one might claim to be macropsia. A person with macropsia may fail to see the connection between the migraine and the macropsia, since the conditions may not elicit symptoms at the same time. The pathophysiology of the condition is not fully understood, but the timing of some episodic occurrences with the headaches suggests that there is a connection between macropsia and the vasoconstrictive phase of a migraine. The differences in visual phenomena, such as macropsia with slow motion versus macropsia without slow motion, may result from different areas of the brain being affected by migraine. ### Epilepsy Macropsia may present itself as a symptom of both frontal lobe epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy, which may actually help in the diagnosis of those diseases. Children who experience nocturnal hallucinations accompanied by macropsia may seek medical care for panic attack disorders and instead are diagnosed with forms of epilepsy. Epilepsy patients may have no memory of the seizure, but can remember the hallucinations and aura which proceed the attack. Electroencephalography, or EEG imaging, can then be utilized while the patient experiences the episode. It may be subsequently concluded that the EEG is congruent with temporal or frontal lobe seizure. Anxiety and headaches accompany the episodes of visual distortion associated with epilepsy. While Valproic acid has been used to treat this type of seizure, anti-seizure medications appropriate for focal-onset seizures, like oxcarbazapine, have also been used successfully in the treatment of epilepsy-related macropsia. ### Hypoglycaemia Endogenous hypoglycaemia can result in number of visual disturbances and sometimes macropsia. This kind of hypoglycaemia is defined as having an abnormally low blood-sugar level due to anything other than the exogenous administration of insulin. Macropsia has been observed in experimental hypoglycaemia and in patients receiving insulin therapy. ### Viruses Patients with both Epstein-Barr virus and infectious mononucleosis have cited an increase in the sizes of perceived objects, coinciding with other symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome. Additionally, it has been observed that Epstein-Barr patients who cite hallucinations display abnormal MRI scans. The MRI may show swelling of the cerebral cortex, transient T2 prolongation, and transient lesions. Unlike in MRI's, no abnormalities have been reported in CT scans. It is thus recommended that an Epstein-Barr patient who cites visual hallucinations have an MRI scan. Macropsia may appear either before the onset, or after the resolution, of all clinical symptoms associated with the illness. The duration of the disturbances have been shown to range between two weeks and seven months. Almost all patients with macropsia due to infectious mononucleosis make full recoveries. Patients with Coxsackievirus B1 have reported numerous symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, the most common of which being macropsia and micropsia. ## Pathophysiology Macropsia may be a result of optical magnification differences between the eyes, retinal receptor distribution, or the cortical processing of the sampled image. The current hypothesis for the occurrence of dysmetropsia is due to the stretching or compression of the retina leading to the displacement of receptors. Macropsia arises from a compressed receptor distribution leading to a larger perceived image size and conversely, micropsia results from stretching of the retina leading to a more sparse receptor distribution that gives a smaller perceived image size. In the case of macropsia, the greater density of photoreceptor cells leads to greater stimulation making the object seem larger. In some cases, the effects of macropsia have been shown to be field dependent, in that the degree of visual distortion is related to the visual field angle. Non-uniform stretching or compression of the receptor distribution could explain the field dependency of the macropsia. If the compression forces were closer to the fovea the resulting compression would cause a greater amount of macropsia at lower field angles with little effect at higher field angles where the receptor distribution is not as compressed. Alterations in receptor distribution can be the result of epiretinal membrane, neuroretina detachment and/or re-attachment, or retinoschisis. Macropsia caused by surgical re-attachment of macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is not symmetrical around the fovea, resulting in differences size changes in the horizontal and vertical meridians. Asymmetry has also been observed with retinoschisis, in which macropsia generally results in the vertical direction while micropsia presents in the horizontal direction. ## Diagnosis Macropsia is generally diagnosed once a patient complains of the characteristic symptoms, such as disproportionally large objects in their visual field. The Amsler Grid test can be used to diagnose macropsia, along with other visual maladies depending on the subjective disturbance reported by the patient after looking at the Amsler Grid. Outward bulging of the lines on an Amsler Grid is consistent with patients experiencing macropsisa. The New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) can quantify the degree of macropsia or micropsia independently in the vertical and horizontal meridians. The test consists of red and green semicircles on a black background with a white round fixation target. The size of the red semicircle is held constant while the green semicircle is varied in size in 1% increments. The patient wears a pair of red/green goggles so that one eye is tested at a time, and the patient attempts to determine when the semicircles are the same size. This is termed the reversal threshold and the size difference between the semicircles is reported as the degree of aniseikonia. A positive value indicates that the object was perceived bigger and thus corresponds to macropsia, and conversely a negative value indicates micropsia. The Aniseikonia Inspector contains an aniseikonia test based on the same principles as the NAT, but the test is run on a computer screen, it is based on a forced choice method, and it can measure the size difference as a function of the size of the objects. The functionality of being able to measure the size difference as function of the size (i.e. field dependent testing) is especially important when the macropsia (or micropsia) has a retinal origin. ## Treatment The most common way to treat forms of aniseikonia, including macropsia, is through the use of auxiliary optics to correct for the magnification properties of the eyes. This method includes changing the shape of spectacle lenses, changing the vertex distances with contact lenses, creating a weak telescope system with contact lenses and spectacles, and changing the power of one of the spectacle lenses. Computer software, such as the Aniseikonia Inspector, has been developed to determine the prescription needed to correct for a certain degree of aniseikonia. The problem with correction through optical means is that the optics do not vary with field angle and thus cannot compensate for non-uniform macropsia. Patients have reported significantly improved visual comfort associated with a correction of 5-10% of the aniseikonia. With regard to drug-induced or virus-induced macropsia, once the underlying problem, either drug abuse or viral infection, is treated, the induced macropsia ceases. ## Research Future research may focus on ways to limit the occurrence of retinally-induced macropsia due to surgery. In terms of treatment, the most effective optical correction is still being researched with respect to visual field angles and direction to a target. The susceptibility of certain age demographics to macropsia is a subject that requires further validation. Overall, there have not been very many reports of macropsia induced by certain drugs, specifically zolpidem and citalopram. Once a larger effort is made to compile such reports, there will inevitably be more research on the subject of macropsia.	enwiki/188523	enwiki	188,523	Macropsia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macropsia	2025-04-12T23:44:14Z	en	Q614763	100,758	{{Infobox medical condition (new) \| name = Macropsia \| image = \| caption = \|\| synonyms = Megalopia \| complications = \| onset = \| duration = \| types = \| causes = \| risks = \| diagnosis = \| differential = \| prevention = \| treatment = \| medication = \| prognosis = \| frequency = \| deaths = }} '''Macropsia''' is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear larger than normal, causing the person to feel smaller than they actually are. Macropsia, along with its opposite condition, [[micropsia]], can be categorized under [[dysmetropsia]]. Macropsia is related to other conditions dealing with [[visual perception]], such as [[aniseikonia]] and Alice in Wonderland Syndrome ([[AIWS]], also known as Todd's syndrome). Macropsia has a wide range of causes, from prescription and illicit drugs, to [[migraines]] and (rarely) complex partial epilepsy, and to different retinal conditions, such as [[epiretinal membrane]].<ref name=deWitMuraki /> Physiologically, retinal macropsia results from the compression of cones in the eye. It is the compression of receptor distribution that results in greater stimulation and thus a larger perceived image of an object. ==Signs and symptoms== The most obvious [[symptom]] of macropsia is the presence of exceptionally enlarged objects throughout the visual field. For example, a young girl might see her sister's books as the same size as her sister. Stemming from this [[symptom]], someone with macropsia may feel undersized in relation to their surrounding environment. Patients with macropsia have also noted the cessation of auditory function prior to the onset of visual [[hallucination]], indicating possible [[seizure]] either before or after the hallucination.<ref name=schneck /> A buzzing sound in the ears has also been reported immediately before macropsia development. Some patients claim that symptoms may be eased if an attempt is made to physically touch the object which appears enormous in size.<ref name=schneck>Macropsia. Schneck JM. Am J Psychiatry 121:1123-1124, May 1965 {{doi\|10.1176/appi.ajp.121.11.1123}}</ref> It is important to note, however, that patients typically remain lucid and alert throughout episodes, being able to recount specific details. A person with macropsia may have no psychiatric conditions. Symptoms caused chemically by drugs such as [[cannabis (drug)\|cannabis]], [[magic mushrooms]], or [[cocaine]] tend to dissipate after the chemical compound has been excreted from the body. Those who acquire macropsia as a symptom of a [[virus]] usually experience complete recovery and restoration of normal [[Visual perception\|vision]].{{citation needed\|date=December 2020}} [[Dysmetropsia]] in one eye, a case of aniseikonia, can present with symptoms such as [[headaches]], [[asthenopia]], reading difficulties, [[depth perception]] problems, or [[double vision]].<ref name=deWit /> The visual distortion can cause uncorrelated images to stimulate corresponding retinal regions simultaneously impairing fusion of the images. Without suppression of one of the images symptoms from mild poor [[stereopsis]], binocular [[diplopia]] and intolerable rivalry can occur.<ref name=Ugarte /> === Psychological effects === There are a broad range of psychological and emotional effects that a person with macropsia may experience. One competing theory has radically stated that macropsia may be an entirely [[psychological]] [[pathological]] phenomenon without any structural defect or definite cause.<ref name=rob /> They may be in an irritable or angry state, or in contrast, a [[euphoria\|euphoric]] state. There is evidence that those who experience [[Alice in Wonderland Syndrome]] and associated macropsia are able to recount their experiences with thorough detail. There may be no evidence of [[psychiatric]] disturbance and, as a result, no psychiatric therapy may be required.<ref name=golden /> Psychological conditions often arise from macropsia, but the general consensus is that they do not cause macropsia. Those affected may experience extreme [[anxiety]] both during and after episodes as a result of the overwhelming nature of their distorted visual field. Due to the fear and anxiety associated with the condition, those who have previously had an episode hesitate to recount the episode, although retain the ability to do so.<ref name=schneck /> Psychologically, a person with macropsia may feel separation and dissociation from the outside world and even from immediate family. This feeling of dissociation has mostly been noted in child or adolescent patients. The patient may feel that they must unfairly contend with hostile and aggressive forces due to the gigantic nature of the surrounding environment.<ref name=schneck /> The defense against said forces is usually expressed verbally. The patient may falsely present an outgoing or flamboyant persona, while remaining fearful of people internally. They, in an attempt to balance the size distortion, may try to make others feel small in size through insult or hostile behavior. The psychological impact of macropsia on long-term sufferers or people who have had the condition since childhood may be greater and lead to severe ego-deficiencies.<ref name=schneck /> An alternative interpretation of the condition is that macropsia is a response to biophysiological contraction and has no psychological roots. Thus, when a patient reaches for an enlarged object, they are overcoming that physiological contraction.<ref name=rob>Raphael, C.M. Macropsia. 122 (1): 110 Am J Psychiatry</ref> However, this theory has been under much scrutiny.{{citation needed\|date=December 2020}} ==Causes== ===Structural defects=== In cases where macropsia affects one [[Human eye\|eye]] resulting in differences in the way the two eyes perceive the size or shape of images, the condition is known as aniseikonia.<ref name=deWitMuraki>de Wit GC, Muraki CS. Field-dependent aniseikonia associated with an epiretinal membrane a case study. Ophthalmology 2006; 113:58-62.</ref> Aniseikonia is known to be associated with certain [[retina]]l conditions. [[Epiretinal membrane]] has been found to cause metamorphopsia and aniseikonia.<ref name=deWitMuraki /><ref name=Benegas>Benegas NM, Egbert J, Engel WK, Kushner BJ. Diplopia secondary to aniseikonia associated with macular disease. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999; 117:896-899.</ref><ref>Enoch JM, Schwartz A, Chang D, Hirose H. Aniseikonia, metamorphopsia and perceived entoptic pattern: some effects of a macular epiretinal membrane, and the subsequent spontaneous separation of the membrane. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1995; 15:339-343.</ref><ref>Kroyer K, Jensen OM, Larsen M. Objective signs of photoreceptor displacement by binocular correspondence perimetry: a study of epiretinal membranes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005; 46:1017-1022.</ref><ref>Ugarte M, Williamson TH. Aniseikonia associated with epiretinal membranes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005; 89:1576-80.</ref> Vitreomacular traction caused by the excessive [[vitreomacular adhesion\|adhesion of vitreous fluid]] to the [[retina]] is related to aniseikonia due to the separation and compression of [[photoreceptor cells]].<ref name=Benegas /> [[Macular edema]]<ref>Sjostrand J, Anderson C. [[Micropsia]] and metamorphopsia in the re-attached macula following [[retinal detachment]]. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1986: 64:425-32.</ref> and surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment<ref name=Ugarte /> can also cause an increased separation of macular [[photoreceptor cells]] resulting in [[dysmetropsia]]. [[Retinoschisis]] is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia.<ref name=deWit>de Wit G.C. Retinally-induced aniseikonia. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2007; 22:96-101.</ref> There is evidence that a lesion appearing in the posterior area of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway can cause macropsia. This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction.<ref>Park, M. G., Joo, H., Park, K. P., & Kim, D. S. (2005). Macropsia caused by acute posterior cerebral artery infarction. J Korean Neurol Assoc., 23(5), 655-658.</ref> ===Medications=== The most prevalent research on prescription drugs with side effects of macropsia deals with [[zolpidem]] and [[citalopram]]. Zolpidem is a drug prescribed for insomnia, and although it has proven beneficial effects, there have been numerous reported cases of adverse perceptual reactions.<ref name=Hoyler>Hoyler CL, Tekell JL, Silva JA. Zolpidem-induced agitation and disorganization. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1996; 18:452–453. </ref> One of these cases discusses an anorexic woman's episode of macropsia, which occurred twenty minutes after taking 10 mg zolpidem. The same woman later had two more episodes of zolpidem-induced macropsia, after taking 5 mg and 2.5 mg zolpidem, respective to each episode. The intensity of the macropsia episodes decreased with the decreasing amount of zolpidem administered; it is implied in the article that the level of intensity was based on the patients accounts of her macropsia episodes, and that no external diagnosis was used.<ref name=Iruela>Iruela LM, Ibanez-Rojo V, Baca E. Zolpidem-induced macropsia in anorexic woman. Lancet 1993; 342(8868): 443-444.</ref> Hoyler points out notable similarities among the different reported cases of zolpidem-induced disorganization. The similarities were that all the cases were reported by women, the disorganization and agitation followed the first administration of zolpidem, and once zolpidem was discontinued, there were no lasting residual effects. It is believed that zolpidem-related macropsia is more prevalent in women because plasma zolpidem concentration is 40% higher in women, a concentration that further increases in anorexic women.<ref name=Iruela /> Citalopram-induced macropsia is similar to zolpidem-induced macropsia since both types have been observed in relatively few cases, and neither of the drugs' side effects can be supported by experimental evidence. Citalopram is an antidepressant that inhibits serotonin reuptake.<ref>Milne RJ, Goa KL. Citalopram. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depressive illness. Drugs 1991; 41:450-477.</ref> The first case of macropsia thought to be induced by citalopram involves a woman who experienced macropsia after her first administration of 10 mg citalopram. Just as with zolpidem, after the immediate discontinuation of citalopram, there were no further episodes of macropsia.<ref>Ghanizadeh, A. Citalopram-induced macropsia. Clin Neuropharamcol 2007; 30(4): 246-247.</ref> === Illicit drugs === There are suggestions that visual distortions, such as macropsia, can be associated with cocaine use.<ref>Unnithan SB, Cutting JC. The cocaine experience: Refuting the concept of a model psychosis? Psychopathol 1992; 25: 71-78.</ref> Episodes of temporary drug-induced macropsia subside as the chemicals leave the body.{{citation needed\|date=December 2020}} ===Migraine=== Past research has linked macropsia to [[migraine]]. One of these studies was conducted on Japanese adolescents who reported visual episodic illusions with macropsia and showed that illusions are three times more likely to occur in association with migraine. The illusions were most prevalent among girls between the ages of 16 and 18. It is unlikely that macropsia in Japanese adolescents could be due to epileptic seizure since only 0.3% of Japanese adolescents have epilepsy.<ref name=Abe /> No evidence of drugs was found, which eliminates the possibility of the macropsia in the adolescents being drug-induced. It is also unlikely for macropsia in adolescent children to be associated with a serious disease.<ref name=Abe /> It is usually the macropsia or other visual disturbance which precedes the painful migrainous headaches. The episodes of macropsia can occur as part of the aura in a [[migraine]]. These episodes are often brief, lasting only a few minutes. Adolescents who are deemed to have multiple distortions per episode, such as slow motion vision and macropsia, are even more likely to be people with migraine.<ref name=Abe /> The macropsia episodes associated with migraine are typically equivalent to the duration of the aura, which can range from moments to 15 minutes. Non-migrainous headaches are not known to be associated with episodic illusions.<ref name=Abe /> Even in the absence of a migraine, a fever or a hypnogogic state can provoke visual illusions, which one might claim to be macropsia. A person with macropsia may fail to see the connection between the [[migraine]] and the macropsia, since the conditions may not elicit symptoms at the same time. The [[pathophysiology]] of the condition is not fully understood, but the timing of some [[episodic memory\|episodic]] occurrences with the headaches suggests that there is a connection between macropsia and the [[vasoconstrictive]] phase of a [[migraine]].<ref name=golden>Golden, Gerald S. The Alice in Wonderland Syndrome in Juvenile Migraine. Pediatrics 1979;63;517-519</ref> The differences in visual phenomena, such as macropsia with slow motion versus macropsia without slow motion, may result from different areas of the brain being affected by [[migraine]].<ref name=golden /> ===Epilepsy=== Macropsia may present itself as a symptom of both [[frontal lobe epilepsy]] and [[temporal lobe epilepsy]], which may actually help in the diagnosis of those diseases. Children who experience nocturnal hallucinations accompanied by macropsia may seek medical care for panic attack disorders and instead are diagnosed with forms of epilepsy. Epilepsy patients may have no memory of the seizure, but can remember the hallucinations and aura which proceed the attack. [[Electroencephalography]], or EEG imaging, can then be utilized while the patient experiences the episode. It may be subsequently concluded that the EEG is congruent with temporal or frontal lobe seizure.<ref>Swash M. Visual perseveration in temporal lobe epilepsy J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979;42:569–71.</ref> Anxiety and headaches accompany the episodes of visual distortion associated with epilepsy. While [[Valproic acid]] has been used to treat this type of seizure,<ref name=frontal>Zwijnenburg PJ, Wennink JM, Laman DM, Linssen WH. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: a clinical presentation of frontal lobe epilepsy. Neuropediatrics, 2002 33: 53-5.</ref> anti-seizure medications appropriate for focal-onset seizures, like [[Oxcarbazepine\|oxcarbazapine]], have also been used successfully in the treatment of epilepsy-related macropsia.{{citation needed\|date=December 2020}} ===Hypoglycaemia=== Endogenous [[hypoglycaemia]] can result in number of visual disturbances and sometimes macropsia. This kind of hypoglycaemia is defined as having an abnormally low blood-sugar level due to anything other than the exogenous administration of [[insulin]].<ref>Moorhouse D. Some Neurological manifestations of endogenous hypoglycemia. Br Med J 1956; 2: 1512-1514.</ref> Macropsia has been observed in experimental hypoglycaemia and in patients receiving insulin therapy.<ref>Kalinowsky LB, Hoch PH. Shock treatments, psychosurgery and other somatic treatments in psychiatry. Grune and Stratton; 1952.</ref> ===Viruses=== Patients with both [[Epstein-Barr virus]] and [[infectious mononucleosis]] have cited an increase in the sizes of perceived objects, coinciding with other symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome.<ref>Cinbis M, Aysun S: Alice in Wonderland syndrome as an initial manifestation of Epstein-Barr virus infection (case report). Br J Ophthalmol 1992; 76:316</ref> Additionally, it has been observed that Epstein-Barr patients who cite hallucinations display abnormal MRI scans. The [[MRI]] may show swelling of the cerebral cortex, transient T2 prolongation, and transient lesions. Unlike in MRI's, no abnormalities have been reported in [[Computed tomography\|CT]] scans. It is thus recommended that an Epstein-Barr patient who cites visual hallucinations have an MRI scan.<ref>Atsushi Kamei, Makoto Sasaki, Manami Akasaka, Shoichi Chida. Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging in a child with Alice in Wonderland syndrome following Epstein-Barr virus infection No to hattatsu. Brain and development. 2002 Jul;34(4): 348-52</ref> Macropsia may appear either before the onset, or after the resolution, of all clinical symptoms associated with the illness.<ref name=lahat>Lahat E, et al. Alice in Wonderland syndrome and infectious mononucleosis in children. J Neur Neurosur Psych 1990; 53:1104</ref> The duration of the disturbances have been shown to range between two weeks and seven months.<ref name=lahat /> Almost all patients with macropsia due to infectious mononucleosis make full recoveries. Patients with Coxsackievirus B1 have reported numerous symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, the most common of which being macropsia and micropsia.<ref name=frontal /> ==Pathophysiology== Macropsia may be a result of optical [[magnification]] differences between the eyes, retinal receptor distribution,<ref name=deWit /> or the cortical processing of the sampled image.<ref>Lancaster WB. Aniseikonia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1938; 36:227-234.</ref> The current hypothesis for the occurrence of [[dysmetropsia]] is due to the stretching or compression of the [[retina]] leading to the displacement of receptors. Macropsia arises from a compressed receptor distribution leading to a larger perceived image size and conversely, [[micropsia]] results from stretching of the [[retina]] leading to a more sparse receptor distribution that gives a smaller perceived image size. In the case of macropsia, the greater density of [[photoreceptor cells]] leads to greater stimulation making the object seem larger.<ref name=Ugarte>Ugarte M, Williamson TH. Horizontal and vertical micropsia following macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal-detachment surgical repair. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2006; 244:1545-1548.</ref> In some cases, the effects of macropsia have been shown to be field dependent, in that the degree of visual distortion is related to the visual field angle. Non-uniform stretching or compression of the receptor distribution could explain the field dependency of the macropsia. If the compression forces were closer to the fovea the resulting compression would cause a greater amount of macropsia at lower field angles with little effect at higher field angles where the receptor distribution is not as compressed.<ref name=deWit /> Alterations in receptor distribution can be the result of [[epiretinal membrane]], neuroretina detachment and/or re-attachment, or [[retinoschisis]]. Macropsia caused by surgical re-attachment of macula-off rhegmatogenous [[retinal detachment]] is not symmetrical around the [[Fovea centralis\|fovea]], resulting in differences size changes in the horizontal and vertical meridians.<ref name=Ugarte /> Asymmetry has also been observed with [[retinoschisis]], in which macropsia generally results in the vertical direction while micropsia presents in the horizontal direction.<ref name=deWit /> ==Diagnosis== Macropsia is generally diagnosed once a patient complains of the characteristic symptoms, such as disproportionally large objects in their visual field. The [[Amsler Grid]] test can be used to diagnose macropsia, along with other visual maladies depending on the subjective disturbance reported by the patient after looking at the Amsler Grid. Outward bulging of the lines on an Amsler Grid is consistent with patients experiencing macropsisa.<ref>Riley, H. D. (2005). Amsler grid testing. Indiana University School of Optometry. {{cite web \|url=http://www.opt.indiana.edu/riley/HomePage/Amsler_Grid/4TEXTamsler_grid.html \|title=Amsler Grid Testing \|accessdate=2009-12-05 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207161607/http://www.opt.indiana.edu/riley/HomePage/Amsler_Grid/4TEXTamsler_grid.html \|archivedate=2009-12-07 }}</ref> The New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) can quantify the degree of macropsia or [[micropsia]] independently in the vertical and horizontal meridians. The test consists of red and green semicircles on a black background with a white round fixation target. The size of the red semicircle is held constant while the green semicircle is varied in size in 1% increments. The patient wears a pair of red/green goggles so that one eye is tested at a time, and the patient attempts to determine when the semicircles are the same size. This is termed the reversal threshold and the size difference between the semicircles is reported as the degree of aniseikonia. A positive value indicates that the object was perceived bigger and thus corresponds to macropsia, and conversely a negative value indicates micropsia.<ref name=Ugarte /> The Aniseikonia Inspector contains an aniseikonia test based on the same principles as the NAT, but the test is run on a computer screen, it is based on a forced choice method, and it can measure the size difference as a function of the size of the objects.<ref name=deWit /> The functionality of being able to measure the size difference as function of the size (i.e. field dependent testing) is especially important when the macropsia (or micropsia) has a retinal origin.<ref name=deWit /> ==Treatment== The most common way to treat forms of aniseikonia, including macropsia, is through the use of auxiliary optics to correct for the [[magnification]] properties of the [[human eye\|eyes]]. This method includes changing the shape of spectacle lenses, changing the vertex distances with contact lenses, creating a weak [[telescope]] system with [[contact lenses]] and [[spectacles]], and changing the power of one of the spectacle lenses. Computer software, such as the Aniseikonia Inspector, has been developed to determine the prescription needed to correct for a certain degree of aniseikonia. The problem with correction through optical means is that the optics do not vary with field angle and thus cannot compensate for non-uniform macropsia. Patients have reported significantly improved visual comfort associated with a correction of 5-10% of the aniseikonia.<ref name=deWit /> With regard to drug-induced or virus-induced macropsia, once the underlying problem, either drug abuse or viral infection, is treated, the induced macropsia ceases.{{citation needed\|date=December 2020}} ==Research== Future research may focus on ways to limit the occurrence of retinally-induced macropsia due to surgery.{{citation needed\|date=January 2012}} In terms of treatment, the most effective optical correction is still being researched with respect to visual field angles and direction to a target.<ref name=deWit /> The susceptibility of certain age demographics to macropsia is a subject that requires further validation.<ref name=Abe>K. Abe, N. Oda, R. Araki, et al. Macropsia, micropsia, and episodic illusions in Japanese adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry 1989; 28:493–496.</ref> Overall, there have not been very many reports of macropsia induced by certain drugs, specifically zolpidem and citalopram. Once a larger effort is made to compile such reports, there will inevitably be more research on the subject of macropsia.{{citation needed\|date=January 2012}} ==References== {{reflist\|30em}} == External links == {{Medical resources \| DiseasesDB = \| ICD10 = {{ICD10\|H\|53\|\|h\|53}} \| ICD9 = {{ICD9\|368.14}} \| ICDO = \| OMIM = \| MedlinePlus = 003029 \| eMedicineSubj = \| eMedicineTopic = \| MeshID = D014786 }} {{Optical illusions}} [[Category:Neurological disorders]] [[Category:Optical illusions]] [[Category:Symptoms]] [[Category:Visual disturbances and blindness]]	1,285,312,911	[{"title": "Macropsia", "data": {"Other names": "Megalopia", "Specialty": "Ophthalmology"}}]	false
# Cherokee-class brig-sloop The Cherokee class was a class of brig-sloops of the Royal Navy, mounting ten guns. Brig-sloops were sloops-of-war with two masts (a fore mast and a taller main mast) rather than the three masts of ship sloops. Orders for 115 vessels were placed, including five which were cancelled and six for which the orders were replaced by ones for equivalent steam-powered paddle vessels. Many of these sailing vessels served as mail packet ships, and more than eight assisted with exploration and surveys. The best known of the class was HMS Beagle, then considerably modified for Beagle's second survey voyage under Robert FitzRoy, with the gentleman naturalist Charles Darwin on board as a self-funded supernumerary. ## Design The carronade, nicknamed the "smasher" or "devil gun", was significantly smaller and lighter than conventional cannon. It was also found to have a more destructive broadside at close range, so that a smaller (and cheaper) ship could be more effective in naval actions than a much larger man-of-war. Sir Henry Peake designed a small ship to operate in both shallow and deep waters, carrying eight 16-pounder or 18-pounder carronades plus two long 6-pounder cannon as forward-mounted chase guns. He completed the design for the Cherokee class in 1807, which was approved on 26 November 1807, with the first four vessels having been ordered in March 1807 but not laid down until December; by the end of 1808 another thirty vessels had been ordered to this design. After these 34, another two were ordered in 1812 which were built of teak at Bombay. The design was revived after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and another 78 were ordered in two batches between 1817 and 1827. The first batch of these later vessels consisted of 35 orders (of which one was cancelled) whilst the second amounted to 44 new vessels of which four were cancelled and six replaced by orders for paddle vessels. The class was much criticised, being popularly known as 'coffin brigs', following the loss by wrecking or foundering of a number of them. Almost a quarter of them were lost, and they were also nicknamed "Half Tide Rock" as they had low freeboard so the deck was frequently awash with water, and solid bulwarks preventing the water from being shed quickly. These open flush-decked ships lacked a forecastle to deflect heavy seas crashing over the bow: one was added to Beagle in 1825 before its first voyage, together with a mizzen mast which improved the handling. Despite these modifications to the design, Captain Pringle Stokes protested that "our decks were constantly flooded". Further extensive modifications were made for the second voyage of HMS Beagle. Darwin noted in his journal in April 1833 that "It blew half a gale of wind; but it was fair & we scudded before it. — Our decks fully deserved their nickname of a "half tide rock"; so constantly did the water flow over them", but John Lort Stokes who was on all three survey expeditions praised Beagle: "The reader will be surprised to learn that she belongs to that much-abused class, the '10-gun brigs'—coffins, as they are not infrequently designated in the service; notwithstanding which, she has proved herself, under every possible variety of trial, in all kinds of weather, an excellent sea boat." William James, in his Naval History written before May 1827, dismissed the supposed design faults, and said that it would be "surprising indeed that the navy board would continue adding new individuals by dozens at a time" to "this worthless class". A more recent naval historian, Robert Gardiner, concurs, stating that there seems to have been no particular fault in their design, but they were considered to be somewhat too small for the global duties they took on. According to one experienced commander, they were not easy to sail but, "...if we put an officer who has always been accustomed to a line-of-battle-ship in to one of them, and he proves headstrong and self-sufficient, ten to one he upsets her, but in the hands of a good brig sailor, they are as safe as any other vessel". Lieutenant William Bowers, who spent 12 years in HMS Helicon and Leveret, felt that the class had been unduly criticised, he thought Helicon was a crack sailer once her hold had been restowed. Bowers however, complained that they were wet and cramped, and he particularly bemoaned their lack of warlike capabilities, claiming they had been vastly overrated. Despite these faults, the Cherokee brigs were quick when changing tack and extremely manoeuvrable, and with a crew of only 75, economical to run. ## Service Few of the Cherokee-class ships took part in sea battles of any importance. HMS Lyra and Redpole were at the Battle of Basque Roads in 1809, guiding fireships to their target in the initial attack, and the latter also participated in the Walcheren Expedition later in the same year. Large numbers of them went on to serve as passenger and mail carrying packet ships, running from the UK to the US and Canada. Several assisted with exploration and survey expeditions, including HMS Barracouta, which served with William Fitzwilliam Owen's survey of the African and Arabian coasts between 1821 and 1826 before being converted to a barque-rigged packet in 1829 and then being sold in 1836. The first voyage of Beagle set out in 1826 under Captain Pringle Stokes as part of Phillip Parker King's survey of South American coasts, which returned late in 1830 with Beagle by then commanded by Robert FitzRoy. Captain Henry Foster commanded HMS Chanticleer on his survey around the South Atlantic, known as his "pendulum expedition", from 1827 to 1831. Chanticleer was then intended to be used for FitzRoy's next survey expedition, but was found to be in poor condition. Instead, the Beagle was repaired and modified for its famed second survey voyage from 1831 to 1836, which took along the naturalist Charles Darwin as a self-funded supernumerary. The Beagle subsequently carried out a survey of coasts of Australia from 1837 to 1843 under John Clements Wickham and John Lort Stokes. From 1838 to around 1841 HMS Britomart, commanded by Owen Stanley, carried out survey work and other duties around Australia and New Zealand. Other survey ships of this class included HMS Fairy from about 1832 to 1840, Scorpion from 1848 to 1858 and Saracen from 1854 to 1860. ## 1808–1816 vessels The first four vessels listed below were ordered on 30 March 1807, two more on 26 November 1807 and the next twenty vessels on 31 December 1807. Eight more orders were placed during 1808. All 34 were built by commercial contractors. \| Name \| Built by contract by \| Ordered \| Laid down \| Launched \| Disposition \| \| ------------- \| ------------------------------------ \| ----------------- \| -------------- \| ---------------- \| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| Rolla \| Thomas Pitcher, Northfleet \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 13 February 1808 \| Sold 18 April 1822 \| \| Cherokee \| Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 24 February 1808 \| Sold 26 March 1828 \| \| Leveret \| Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 24 February 1808 \| Sold 18 April 1822 \| \| Cadmus \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 26 February 1808 \| Coast Guard Watch Vessel in February 1835. Sold 12 March 1864 \| \| Achates \| Samuel & Daniel Brent, Rotherhithe \| 26 November 1807 \| December 1807 \| 1 February 1808 \| Wrecked 7 February 1810 \| \| Parthian \| William Barnard, Deptford \| 26 November 1807 \| December 1807 \| 13 February 1808 \| Wrecked 15 May 1828 \| \| Briseis \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 19 May 1808 \| Wrecked 5 November 1818 \| \| Jasper \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 27 May 1808 \| Wrecked 20 January 1817 \| \| Ephira \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 28 May 1808 \| Wrecked 26 December 1811 \| \| Onyx \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 8 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \| \| Badger \| Joseph & Thomas Brindley, Frindsbury \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 23 July 1808 \| Mooring ship 1834. Broken up 1864. \| \| Opossum \| Muddle, Gillingham \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 9 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \| \| Wild Boar \| John Pelham, Frindsbury \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 9 July 1808 \| Wrecked 15 February 1810 \| \| Rinaldo \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 13 July 1808 \| Sold 6 August 1835 \| \| Chanticleer \| Daniel List, East Cowes \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 26 July 1808 \| Coast Guard Watch Vessel in January 1833. Broken up, completed 3 June 1871 \| \| Goldfinch \| John Warwick, Eling \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 8 August 1808 \| Sold 8 November 1838 \| \| Woodlark \| William Rowe, Newcastle \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 17 November 1808 \| Sold 29 January 1818 \| \| Shearwater \| William Rowe, Newcastle \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 21 November 1808 \| Sold November 1832 \| \| Calliope \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 8 July 1808 \| Broken up, completed 13 August 1829 \| \| Hope \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 22 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \| \| Britomart \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 28 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \| \| Prince Arthur \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 28 July 1808 \| Sold 1808 to Sultan of Morocco (prior to completion) \| \| Cordelia \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 26 July 1808 \| Sold 12 December 1833 \| \| Redpole \| Robert Guillaume, Northam \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 29 July 1808 \| Sunk in action August 1828 against pirate vessel Congress \| \| Helicon \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 8 August 1808 \| Broken up July 1829 \| \| Lyra \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 22 August 1808 \| Sold 11 July 1818 \| \| Beaver \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| April 1808 \| October 1808 \| 16 February 1809 \| Sold 24 June 1829 \| \| Drake \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 27 June 1808 \| August 1808 \| 3 November 1808 \| Wrecked 22 June 1822 \| \| Rosario \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 27 June 1808 \| August 1808 \| 7 December 1808 \| Sold November 1832 \| \| Renard \| John King, Upnor \| 9 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 5 December 1808 \| Sold 29 June 1818 \| \| Tyrian \| Robert Guillaume, Northam \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 16 December 1808 \| Sold 22 July 1819 \| \| Bermuda \| John Pelham, Frindsbury \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 20 December 1808 \| Wrecked 16 November 1816 \| \| Rhodian \| Robert Guillaume, Northam \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 3 January 1809 \| Wrecked 21 February 1813 \| \| Sarpedon \| John Warwick, Eling \| 30 September 1808 \| September 1808 \| 1 February 1809 \| Wrecked 1 January 1813 \| Two vessels were ordered 2 October 1812. These were built in India at the Bombay Dockyard under a contract from the British East India Company. They were built of teak, but were otherwise identical to their predecessors. \| Name \| Built by \| Ordered \| Launched \| Disposition \| \| -------- \| ---------------- \| -------------- \| --------------- \| ----------------------- \| \| Sphinx \| Bombay Dockyard \| 2 October 1812 \| 25 January 1815 \| Sold 6 August 1835 \| \| Cameleon \| Bombay Dockyard, \| 2 October 1812 \| 15 January 1816 \| Broken up in April 1849 \| ## 1818–1821 orders Unlike the wartime batch, all the post-war batches were built in the Royal Dockyards rather than by contractors. Note that several names of vessels from the 1808–1816 batch were re-used for vessels in the second or third batches (as indicated below). Thirty-five vessels were ordered in 1817–1821 – twelve on 13 June 1817, twelve on 2 November 1818, two on 8 December 1818, six on 23 May 1820, one on 6 January 1821 and two on 19 April 1821. \| Name \| Built by HM Dockyard \| Ordered \| Laid down \| Launched \| \| -------------------------- \| -------------------- \| --------------- \| ------------- \| --------------------------------- \| \| Alacrity \| Deptford \| 13 June 1817 \| October 1817 \| 29 December 1818 \| \| Ariel \| Deptford \| 13 June 1817 \| February 1819 \| 28 July 1820 \| \| Barracouta \| Woolwich \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 13 May 1820 \| \| Beagle ("Darwin's Beagle") \| Woolwich \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 11 May 1820 \| \| Bustard \| Chatham \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 12 December 1818 \| \| Brisk \| Chatham \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 10 February 1819 \| \| Delight \| Portsmouth \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 10 May 1819 \| \| Cygnet \| Portsmouth \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 11 May 1819 \| \| Eclipse \| Plymouth \| 13 June 1817 \| March 1818 \| 23 July 1819 \| \| Emulous (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 16 December 1819 \| \| Falcon \| Pembroke \| 13 June 1817 \| May 1818 \| 10 June 1820 \| \| Frolic \| Pembroke \| 13 June 1817 \| August 1818 \| 10 June 1820 \| \| Lyra (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 2 November 1818 \| March 1819 \| 1 June 1821 \| \| Jasper (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1819 \| 26 July 1820 \| \| Britomart (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 2 November 1818 \| June 1819 \| 24 August 1820 \| \| Partridge \| Plymouth \| 2 November 1818 \| December 1819 \| 22 March 1822 \| \| Reynard (2nd of name) \| Pembroke \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1820 \| 26 October 1821 \| \| Weazle \| Chatham \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1820 \| 26 March 1822 \| \| Kingfisher \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| December 1820 \| 11 March 1823 \| \| Procris \| Chatham \| 2 November 1818 \| March 1821 \| 21 June 1822 \| \| Algerine \| Deptford \| 2 November 1818 \| April 1821 \| 10 June 1823 \| \| Magnet \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| June 1821 \| 13 March 1823 \| \| Halcyon \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| unknown \| Cancelled 21 February 1831 \| \| Zephyr \| Pembroke \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1821 \| 1 November 1823 \| \| Opossum (2nd of name) \| Sheerness \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1819 \| 11 December 1821 \| \| Onyx (2nd of name) \| Sheerness \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1819 \| 24 January 1822 \| \| Plover \| Portsmouth \| 23 May 1820 \| August 1820 \| 30 June 1821 \| \| Ferret \| Portsmouth \| 23 May 1820 \| August 1820 \| 12 October 1821 \| \| Hope (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 23 May 1820 \| March 1822 \| 8 December 1824 \| \| Mutine \| Plymouth \| 23 May 1820 \| April 1822 \| 19 May 1825 \| \| Forester \| Deptford \| 23 May 1820 \| unknown \| Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 \| \| Griffon \| Deptford \| 23 May 1820 \| unknown \| Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 \| \| Tyrian (2nd of name) \| Woolwich \| 6 January 1821 \| April 1823 \| 16 September 1826 \| \| Philomel \| Portsmouth \| 19 April 1821 \| June 1821 \| 28 April 1823 \| \| Royalist \| Portsmouth \| 19 April 1821 \| August 1821 \| 12 May 1823 \| ## 1823–1826 orders Forty-four vessels were ordered in 1823–1826, thirty on 25 March 1823, two on 23 November 1824, two on 7 December 1824, four on 23 May 1826 and six on 28 October 1826. Of these only thirty-four were built as sailing brigs; four were cancelled outright, and the orders for six more were replaced (before any work had commenced) by orders for paddle vessels, using the same names. \| Name \| Built by HM Dockyard \| Ordered \| Laid down \| Launched \| \| --------------------------------- \| -------------------- \| ---------------- \| -------------- \| -------------------------- \| \| Leveret (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1823 \| 19 February 1825 \| \| Musquito \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1823 \| 19 February 1825 \| \| Hearty \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1823 \| 22 October 1824 \| \| Myrtle \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1823 \| 14 September 1825 \| \| Lapwing \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| September 1823 \| 20 February 1825 \| \| Sheldrake \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| November 1823 \| 19 May 1825 \| \| Harpy \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| March 1824 \| 16 July 1825 \| \| Fairy \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1824 \| 25 April 1826 \| \| Skylark \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1825 \| 6 May 1826 \| \| Espoir \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| January 1825 \| 9 May 1826 \| \| Calypso (2nd of name) (ex Hyaena) \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| March 1825 \| 19 August 1826 \| \| Spey \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1825 \| 6 October 1827 \| \| Variable \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1826 \| 6 October 1827 \| \| Briseis (2nd of name) \| Deptford \| 25 March 1823 \| August 1827 \| 3 July 1829 \| \| Rapid \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| January 1824 \| 17 August 1829 \| \| Recruit \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| February 1825 \| 17 August 1829 \| \| Reindeer \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| December 1824 \| 29 September 1829 \| \| Thais \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1828 \| 12 October 1829 \| \| Rolla (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| June 1825 \| 10 December 1829 \| \| Savage \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| October 1829 \| 29 December 1830 \| \| Saracen \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| December 1829 \| 30 January 1831 \| \| Scorpion \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| June 1830 \| 28 July 1832 \| \| Sealark \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| November 1830 \| Cancelled 10 January 1831 \| \| Hyaena (ex Calypso) \| Deptford \| 25 March 1823 \| unknown \| Cancelled 21 February 1831 \| \| Termagent \| Portsmouth \| 23 November 1824 \| October 1829 \| 26 March 1838 \| \| Lynx \| Portsmouth \| 23 November 1824 \| February 1830 \| 2 September 1833 \| \| Nautilus \| Woolwich \| 7 December 1824 \| April 1829 \| 11 March 1830 \| \| Curlew \| Woolwich \| 7 December 1824 \| November 1829 \| 25 February 1830 \| \| Delight (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| August 1827 \| 27 November 1829 \| \| Algerine (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| October 1827 \| 1 August 1829 \| \| Griffon (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| July 1830 \| 11 September 1832 \| \| Forester (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| September 1830 \| 28 August 1832 \| \| Partridge (2nd of name) \| Pembroke \| 28 October 1826 \| August 1828 \| 12 October 1829 \| \| Wizard \| Pembroke \| 28 October 1826 \| October 1829 \| 24 May 1830 \| \| Charybdis \| Portsmouth \| 28 October 1826 \| December 1829 \| 27 February 1831 \| \| Buzzard \| Portsmouth \| 28 October 1826 \| December 1829 \| 23 March 1834 \| \| Foxhound \| Plymouth \| 28 October 1826 \| unknown \| Cancelled 21 February 1831 \| \| Helena \| Plymouth \| 28 October 1826 \| unknown \| Cancelled 21 February 1831 \| Six of the vessels originally ordered 25 March 1823 were swiftly re-ordered as paddle steamers in May 1824 – Alban and Carron (both at Deptford), Columbia, Confiance, Dee and Echo (all four at Woolwich). ## Citations 1. ↑ "HMS Beagle – Port of science and discovery – Port Cities". Retrieved 30 January 2009. 2. 1 2 Taylor 2008, pp. 36–38 3. ↑ FitzRoy 1839, pp. 17–22 4. 1 2 3 4 Gardiner, Robert (Ed.) (1998) The Naval War of 1812, Chatham Publishing, London, p. 90. 5. 1 2 Taylor 2008, pp. 33–35 6. ↑ Keynes, Richard (2001), Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary, Cambridge University Press, p. 152 7. ↑ Stokes 1846, Volume 1, Chapter 1 8. 1 2 Knight 2022, p. 60 9. ↑ Blake and Lawrence (1999) p. 42 10. ↑ James pp. 105-106 11. ↑ "No. 16650". The London Gazette. 26 September 1812. p. 1971. 12. 1 2 3 Taylor 2008, p. 37 13. ↑ Taylor 2008, pp. 36–37, 183–185 14. ↑ Francis West (1967). "Stanley, Owen (1811–1850)". Biography – Owen Stanley. Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 December 2014.	enwiki/15421158	enwiki	15,421,158	Cherokee-class brig-sloop	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee-class_brig-sloop	2025-07-06T19:51:31Z	en	Q1070297	121,946	{{Short description\|1807 class of British sloops-of-war}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2017}} {{Use British English\|date=June 2017}} {\|{{Infobox ship begin}} {{Infobox ship image \|Ship image= HMS Rosario - The gallant action off Dieppe, March 1812 BM 1917,1208.4643 (cropped).jpg \|Ship caption= [[HMS Rosario (1808)\|HMS ''Rosario'']] in 1812 }} {{Infobox ship class overview \|Name=''Cherokee''-class brig-sloop \|Builders= \|Operators={{navy\|United Kingdom}} \|Class before= \|Class after= \|Subclasses= \|Cost= \|Built range= \|In service range= \|In commission range= \|Total ships building= \|Total ships planned=115 \|Total ships completed=36 in first batch 34 in second batch (with another 1 being cancelled) 34 in third batch (with another 4 cancelled and 6 orders replaced by orders for equivalent steam-assisted paddle vessels) \|Total ships cancelled=11 \|Total ships active= \|Total ships laid up= \|Total ships lost= \|Total ships retired= \|Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics \|Hide header= \|Header caption= \|Ship class= \|Ship type=[[brig\|Brig-sloop]] \|Ship tonnage= \|Ship displacement= \|Ship tons burthen=238 [[Builder's Old Measurement\|bm]] \|Ship length=Overall: {{convert\|90\|ft\|0\|in\|m\|abbr=on}} Keel: {{convert\|73\|ft\|7+5/8\|in\|m\|1\|abbr=on}} \|Ship beam={{convert\|24\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|abbr=on}} \|Ship height= \|Ship draught={{convert\|12\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|1\|abbr=on}} \|Ship draft= \|Ship depth= \|Ship hold depth={{convert\|11\|ft\|0\|in\|m\|1\|abbr=on}} \|Ship decks= \|Ship deck clearance= \|Ship ramps= \|Ship ice class= \|Ship power= \|Ship propulsion=Sails \|Ship sail plan= \|Ship speed= \|Ship range= \|Ship endurance= \|Ship test depth= \|Ship boats= \|Ship capacity= \|Ship troops= \|Ship complement=Sloop-of-war:75 Survey voyages: On [[second voyage of HMS Beagle\|''Beagle'''s second voyage]], 65 plus 9 supernumeraries \|Ship crew= \|Ship time to activate= \|Ship sensors= \|Ship EW= \|Ship armament=Sloop-of-war:2 × 6-pounder [[bow chaser]]s + 8 × 18-pounder [[carronades]] Survey voyages:6 guns \|Ship armour= \|Ship armor= \|Ship aircraft= \|Ship aircraft facilities= \|Ship notes= }} \|} The '''''Cherokee'' class''' was a class of [[Sloop-of-war#Rigging\|brig-sloops]] of the [[Royal Navy]], mounting ten guns. Brig-sloops were sloops-of-war with two masts (a fore mast and a taller main mast) rather than the three masts of ''[[ship sloop]]s''. Orders for 115 vessels were placed, including five which were cancelled and six for which the orders were replaced by ones for equivalent steam-powered paddle vessels.<ref name=PortCities>{{cite web \|url=http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConFactFile.64/HMS-Beagle.html \|title=HMS ''Beagle'' – Port of science and discovery – Port Cities \|access-date=2009-01-30}}</ref> Many of these sailing vessels served as mail [[Packet boat\|packet ships]], and more than eight assisted with exploration and surveys. The best known of the class was {{HMS\|Beagle}}, then considerably modified for ''Beagle''{{'}}s [[second voyage of HMS Beagle\|second survey voyage]] under [[Robert FitzRoy]], with the gentleman [[natural history\|naturalist]] [[Charles Darwin]] on board as a self-funded [[wikt:supernumerary\|supernumerary]].<ref name="Taylor 2008 36–38">{{harvnb\|Taylor\|2008\|pp=36–38}}</ref><ref name=fitz17>{{harvnb\|FitzRoy\|1839\|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F10.2&pageseq=40 17–22]}}</ref> ==Design== [[File:Nicolas Cammillieri - H.M. Sloop Parthian capturing a Spanish Pirate.jpg\|thumb\|[[HMS Parthian (1808)\|HMS ''Parthian'']] (left) capturing a Spanish pirate ship]] The [[carronade]], nicknamed the "smasher" or "devil gun", was significantly smaller and lighter than conventional [[cannon]]. It was also found to have a more destructive [[Broadside (naval)\|broadside]] at close range, so that a smaller (and cheaper) ship could be more effective in naval actions than a much larger [[man-of-war]]. Sir [[Henry Peake]] designed a small ship to operate in both shallow and deep waters, carrying eight 16-pounder or 18-pounder carronades plus two long 6-pounder cannon as forward-mounted [[chase gun]]s.<ref name="Taylor 2008 36–38"/> He completed the design for the ''Cherokee'' class in 1807, which was approved on 26 November 1807, with the first four vessels having been ordered in March 1807 but not laid down until December; by the end of 1808 another thirty vessels had been ordered to this design. After these 34, another two were ordered in 1812 which were built of teak at [[Bombay Dockyard\|Bombay]]. The design was revived after the end of the [[Napoleonic Wars]], and another 78 were ordered in two batches between 1817 and 1827. The first batch of these later vessels consisted of 35 orders (of which one was cancelled) whilst the second amounted to 44 new vessels of which four were cancelled and six replaced by orders for paddle vessels. The class was much criticised, being popularly known as 'coffin brigs', following the loss by wrecking or foundering of a number of them.<ref name=TNWO1812>Gardiner, Robert (Ed.) (1998) ''The Naval War of 1812'', Chatham Publishing, London, p. 90.</ref> Almost a quarter of them were lost, and they were also nicknamed "Half Tide Rock" as they had low [[Freeboard (nautical)\|freeboard]] so the deck was frequently awash with water, and solid [[wikt:bulwark\|bulwarks]] preventing the water from being shed quickly. These open flush-decked ships lacked a forecastle to deflect heavy seas crashing over the bow: one was added to ''Beagle'' in 1825 before its first voyage, together with a mizzen mast which improved the handling. Despite these modifications to the design, Captain [[Pringle Stokes]] protested that "our decks were constantly flooded".<ref name="Taylor 33">{{harvnb\|Taylor\|2008\|pp=33–35}}</ref> Further extensive modifications were made for the [[second voyage of HMS Beagle\|second voyage of HMS ''Beagle'']]. Darwin noted in his journal in April 1833 that "It blew half a gale of wind; but it was fair & we scudded before it. — Our decks fully deserved their nickname of a "half tide rock"; so constantly did the water flow over them",<ref name="Taylor 33" /><ref>{{Citation \| last= Keynes \| first= Richard \| author-link = Richard Keynes \| year= 2001 \| title=Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary \| publisher=Cambridge University Press \| page=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?pageseq=184&itemID=F1925&viewtype=text 152] }}</ref> but [[John Lort Stokes]] who was on all three survey expeditions praised ''Beagle'': "The reader will be surprised to learn that she belongs to that much-abused class, the '10-gun brigs'—''coffins'', as they are not infrequently designated in the service; notwithstanding which, she has proved herself, under every possible variety of trial, in all kinds of weather, an excellent sea boat."<ref>{{harvnb\|Stokes\|1846\|loc=[[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 1/Chapter 1\|Volume 1, Chapter 1]]}}</ref> [[William James (naval historian)\|William James]], in his ''Naval History'' written before May 1827, dismissed the supposed design faults, and said that it would be "surprising indeed that the navy board would continue adding new individuals by dozens at a time" to "this worthless class".{{citation needed\|date=July 2023}} A more recent naval historian, Robert Gardiner, concurs, stating that there seems to have been no particular fault in their design, but they were considered to be somewhat too small for the global duties they took on.<ref name=TNWO1812/> According to one experienced commander, they were not easy to sail but, "...if we put an officer who has always been accustomed to a line-of-battle-ship in to one of them, and he proves headstrong and self-sufficient, ten to one he upsets her, but in the hands of a good brig sailor, they are as safe as any other vessel".<ref name=Knight60>{{harvnb\|Knight\|2022\|p=60}}</ref> Lieutenant William Bowers, who spent 12 years in HMS ''Helicon'' and ''Leveret'', felt that the class had been unduly criticised, he thought ''Helicon'' was a crack sailer once her hold had been restowed.<ref name=TNWO1812/><ref>Blake and Lawrence (1999) p. 42</ref> Bowers however, complained that they were wet and cramped, and he particularly bemoaned their lack of warlike capabilities, claiming they had been vastly [[Rating system of the Royal Navy\|overrated]].<ref name=TNWO1812/> Despite these faults, the Cherokee brigs were quick when changing tack and extremely manoeuvrable, and with a crew of only 75, economical to run.<ref name=Knight60/> ==Service== Few of the ''Cherokee''-class ships took part in sea battles of any importance. {{HMS\|Lyra\|1808\|6}} and {{HMS\|Redpole\|1808\|2}} were at the [[Battle of Basque Roads]] in 1809, guiding fireships to their target in the initial attack, and the latter also participated in the [[Walcheren Expedition]] later in the same year.<ref>James pp. 105-106</ref><ref>{{London Gazette\|issue=16650\|page=1971\|date=26 September 1812}}</ref> Large numbers of them went on to serve as passenger and mail carrying [[Packet boat\|packet ships]], running from the UK to the US and Canada.<ref name="Taylor 37" /> Several assisted with exploration and survey expeditions, including {{HMS\|Barracouta\|1820\|6}}, which served with [[William Fitzwilliam Owen]]'s survey of the African and Arabian coasts between 1821 and 1826 before being converted to a [[barque]]-rigged packet in 1829 and then being sold in 1836.<ref name="Taylor 37" /> The first voyage of ''Beagle'' set out in 1826 under Captain [[Pringle Stokes]] as part of [[Phillip Parker King]]'s survey of South American coasts, which returned late in 1830 with ''Beagle'' by then commanded by [[Robert FitzRoy]]. Captain [[Henry Foster (scientist)\|Henry Foster]] commanded [[HMS Chanticleer (1808)\|HMS ''Chanticleer'']] on his survey around the South Atlantic, known as his "pendulum expedition", from 1827 to 1831. ''Chanticleer'' was then intended to be used for FitzRoy's next survey expedition, but was found to be in poor condition. Instead, the ''Beagle'' was repaired and modified for its famed [[second voyage of HMS Beagle\|second survey voyage]] from 1831 to 1836, which took along the [[natural history\|naturalist]] [[Charles Darwin]] as a self-funded [[wikt:supernumerary\|supernumerary]]. The ''Beagle'' subsequently carried out a survey of coasts of Australia from 1837 to 1843 under [[John Clements Wickham]] and [[John Lort Stokes]].<ref name="Taylor 36, 183">{{harvnb\|Taylor\|2008\|pp=36–37, 183–185}}</ref> From 1838 to around 1841 {{HMS\|Britomart\|1820\|6}}, commanded by [[Owen Stanley]], carried out survey work and other duties around Australia and New Zealand.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia \|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/stanley-owen-2692 \|title=Biography – Owen Stanley \|author=Francis West \|chapter=Stanley, Owen (1811–1850) \|date= 1967 \|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University \|dictionary= Australian Dictionary of Biography \|access-date=2014-12-01}}</ref> Other survey ships of this class included [[HMS Fairy (1826)\|HMS ''Fairy'']] from about 1832 to 1840, [[HMS Scorpion (1832)\|''Scorpion'']] from 1848 to 1858 and [[HMS Saracen (1831)\|''Saracen'']] from 1854 to 1860.<ref name="Taylor 37">{{harvnb\|Taylor\|2008\|p=37}}</ref> ==1808–1816 vessels== The first four vessels listed below were ordered on 30 March 1807, two more on 26 November 1807 and the next twenty vessels on 31 December 1807. Eight more orders were placed during 1808. All 34 were built by commercial contractors. {\| class="sortable wikitable" \|- ! Name ! Built by <br>contract by ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched ! Disposition \|- \| [[HMS Rolla (1808)\|''Rolla'']] \| Thomas Pitcher, [[Northfleet]] \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 13 February 1808 \| Sold 18 April 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Cherokee (1808)\|''Cherokee'']] \| Perry, Wells & Green, [[Blackwall, London\|Blackwall]] \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 24 February 1808 \| Sold 26 March 1828 \|- \| [[HMS Leveret (1808)\|''Leveret'']] \| Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 24 February 1808 \| Sold 18 April 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Cadmus (1808)\|''Cadmus'']] \| John Dudman & Co., [[Deptford]] \| 30 March 1807 \| December 1807 \| 26 February 1808 \| Coast Guard Watch Vessel in February 1835.<br>Sold 12 March 1864 \|- \| [[HMS Achates (1808)\|''Achates'']] \| Samuel & Daniel Brent, [[Rotherhithe]] \| 26 November 1807 \| December 1807 \| 1 February 1808 \| Wrecked 7 February 1810 \|- \| [[HMS Parthian (1808)\|''Parthian'']] \| William Barnard, Deptford \| 26 November 1807 \| December 1807 \| 13 February 1808 \| Wrecked 15 May 1828 \|- \| [[HMS Briseis (1808)\|''Briseis'']] \| John King, [[Upnor]] \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 19 May 1808 \| Wrecked 5 November 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Jasper (1808)\|''Jasper'']] \| Jabez Bailey, [[Ipswich]] \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 27 May 1808 \| Wrecked 20 January 1817 \|- \| [[HMS Ephira (1808)\|''Ephira'']] \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 28 May 1808 \| Wrecked 26 December 1811 \|- \| [[HMS Onyx (1808)\|''Onyx'']] \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 8 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Badger (1808)\|''Badger'']] \| Joseph & Thomas Brindley, [[Frindsbury]] \| 31 December 1807 \| February 1808 \| 23 July 1808 \| Mooring ship 1834.<br>Broken up 1864. \|- \| [[HMS Opossum (1808)\|''Opossum'']] \| Muddle, [[Gillingham, Kent\|Gillingham]] \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 9 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Wild Boar (1808)\|''Wild Boar'']] \| John Pelham, Frindsbury \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 9 July 1808 \| Wrecked 15 February 1810 \|- \| [[HMS Rinaldo (1808)\|''Rinaldo'']] \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 13 July 1808 \| Sold 6 August 1835 \|- \| [[HMS Chanticleer (1808)\|''Chanticleer'']] \| Daniel List, [[East Cowes]] \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 26 July 1808 \| Coast Guard Watch Vessel in January 1833.<br>Broken up, completed 3 June 1871 \|- \| [[HMS Goldfinch (1808)\|''Goldfinch'']] \| John Warwick, [[Totton and Eling\|Eling]] \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 8 August 1808 \| Sold 8 November 1838 \|- \| [[HMS Woodlark (1808)\|''Woodlark'']] \| William Rowe, [[Newcastle upon Tyne\|Newcastle]] \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 17 November 1808 \| Sold 29 January 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Shearwater (1808)\|''Shearwater'']] \| William Rowe, Newcastle \| 31 December 1807 \| March 1808 \| 21 November 1808 \| Sold November 1832 \|- \| [[HMS Calliope (1808)\|''Calliope'']] \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 8 July 1808 \| Broken up, completed 13 August 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Hope (1808)\|''Hope'']] \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 22 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Britomart (1808)\|''Britomart'']] \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 28 July 1808 \| Sold 3 February 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Prince Arthur (1808)\|''Prince Arthur'']] \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| April 1808 \| 28 July 1808 \| Sold 1808 to Sultan of Morocco<br>(prior to completion) \|- \| [[HMS Cordelia (1808)\|''Cordelia'']] \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 26 July 1808 \| Sold 12 December 1833 \|- \| [[HMS Redpole (1808)\|''Redpole'']] \| Robert Guillaume, [[Northam, Southampton\|Northam]] \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 29 July 1808 \| Sunk in action August 1828 <br> against pirate vessel ''Congress'' \|- \| [[HMS Helicon (1808)\|''Helicon'']] \| John King, Upnor \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 8 August 1808 \| Broken up July 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Lyra (1808)\|''Lyra'']] \| John Dudman & Co., Deptford \| 31 December 1807 \| May 1808 \| 22 August 1808 \| Sold 11 July 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Beaver (1809)\|''Beaver'']] \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| April 1808 \| October 1808 \| 16 February 1809 \| Sold 24 June 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Drake (1808)\|''Drake'']] \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 27 June 1808 \| August 1808 \| 3 November 1808 \| Wrecked 22 June 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Rosario (1808)\|''Rosario'']] \| Jabez Bailey, Ipswich \| 27 June 1808 \| August 1808 \| 7 December 1808 \| Sold November 1832 \|- \| [[HMS Renard (1808)\|''Renard'']] \| John King, Upnor \| 9 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 5 December 1808 \| Sold 29 June 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Tyrian (1808)\|''Tyrian'']] \| Robert Guillaume, Northam \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 16 December 1808 \| Sold 22 July 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Bermuda (1808)\|''Bermuda'']] \| John Pelham, Frindsbury \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 20 December 1808 \| Wrecked 16 November 1816 \|- \| [[HMS Rhodian (1809)\|''Rhodian'']] \| Robert Guillaume, Northam \| 18 July 1808 \| August 1808 \| 3 January 1809 \| Wrecked 21 February 1813 \|- \| [[HMS Sarpedon (1809)\|''Sarpedon'']] \| John Warwick, Eling \| 30 September 1808 \| September 1808 \| 1 February 1809 \| Wrecked 1 January 1813 \|} Two vessels were ordered 2 October 1812. These were built in India at the [[Bombay Dockyard (Royal Navy)\|Bombay Dockyard]] under a contract from the British [[East India Company]]. They were built of teak, but were otherwise identical to their predecessors. {\| class="sortable wikitable" \|- ! Name ! Built by ! Ordered ! Launched ! Disposition \|- \| {{HMS\|Sphinx\|1815\|2}} \| Bombay Dockyard \| 2 October 1812 \| 25 January 1815 \| Sold 6 August 1835 \|- \| {{HMS\|Cameleon\|1816\|2}} \| Bombay Dockyard, \| 2 October 1812 \| 15 January 1816 \| Broken up in April 1849 \|} ==1818–1821 orders== Unlike the wartime batch, all the post-war batches were built in the Royal Dockyards rather than by contractors. Note that several names of vessels from the 1808–1816 batch were re-used for vessels in the second or third batches (as indicated below). Thirty-five vessels were ordered in 1817–1821 – twelve on 13 June 1817, twelve on 2 November 1818, two on 8 December 1818, six on 23 May 1820, one on 6 January 1821 and two on 19 April 1821. {\| class="sortable wikitable" \|- ! Name ! Built by <br>HM Dockyard ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched \|- \| [[HMS Alacrity (1818)\|''Alacrity'']] \| [[Deptford Dockyard\|Deptford]] \| 13 June 1817 \| October 1817 \| 29 December 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Ariel (1820)\|''Ariel'']] \| Deptford \| 13 June 1817 \| February 1819 \| 28 July 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Barracouta (1820)\|''Barracouta'']] \| [[Woolwich Dockyard\|Woolwich]] \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 13 May 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Beagle (1820)\|''Beagle'']]<br>("Darwin's ''Beagle''") \| Woolwich \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 11 May 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Bustard (1818)\|''Bustard'']] \| [[Chatham Dockyard\|Chatham]] \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 12 December 1818 \|- \| [[HMS Brisk (1819)\|''Brisk'']] \| Chatham \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 10 February 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Delight (1819)\|''Delight'']] \| [[Portsmouth Dockyard\|Portsmouth]] \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 10 May 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Cygnet (1819)\|''Cygnet'']] \| Portsmouth \| 13 June 1817 \| November 1817 \| 11 May 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Eclipse (1819)\|''Eclipse'']] \| [[Plymouth Dockyard\|Plymouth]] \| 13 June 1817 \| March 1818 \| 23 July 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Emulous (1819)\|''Emulous'']] (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 13 June 1817 \| June 1818 \| 16 December 1819 \|- \| [[HMS Falcon (1820)\|''Falcon'']] \| [[Pembroke Dock\|Pembroke]] \| 13 June 1817 \| May 1818 \| 10 June 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Frolic (1820)\|''Frolic'']] \| Pembroke \| 13 June 1817 \| August 1818 \| 10 June 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Lyra (1821)\|''Lyra'']] (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 2 November 1818 \| March 1819 \| 1 June 1821 \|- \| [[HMS Jasper (1820)\|''Jasper'']] (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1819 \| 26 July 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Britomart (1820)\|''Britomart'']] (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 2 November 1818 \| June 1819 \| 24 August 1820 \|- \| [[HMS Partridge (1822)\|''Partridge'']] \| Plymouth \| 2 November 1818 \| December 1819 \| 22 March 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Reynard (1821)\|''Reynard'']] (2nd of name) \| Pembroke \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1820 \| 26 October 1821 \|- \| [[HMS Weazle (1822)\|''Weazle'']] \| Chatham \| 2 November 1818 \| May 1820 \| 26 March 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Kingfisher (1823)\|''Kingfisher'']] \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| December 1820 \| 11 March 1823 \|- \| [[HMS Procris (1822)\|''Procris'']] \| Chatham \| 2 November 1818 \| March 1821 \| 21 June 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Algerine (1823)\|''Algerine'']] \| Deptford \| 2 November 1818 \| April 1821 \| 10 June 1823 \|- \| [[HMS Magnet (1823)\|''Magnet'']] \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| June 1821 \| 13 March 1823 \|- \| ''Halcyon'' \| Woolwich \| 2 November 1818 \| unknown \| Cancelled<br>21 February 1831 \|- \| [[HMS Zephyr (1823)\|''Zephyr'']] \| Pembroke \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1821 \| 1 November 1823 \|- \| [[HMS Opossum (1821)\|''Opossum'']] (2nd of name) \| [[Sheerness Dockyard\|Sheerness]] \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1819 \| 11 December 1821 \|- \| [[HMS Onyx (1822)\|''Onyx'']] (2nd of name) \| Sheerness \| 2 November 1818 \| November 1819 \| 24 January 1822 \|- \| [[HMS Plover (1821)\|''Plover'']] \| Portsmouth \| 23 May 1820 \| August 1820 \| 30 June 1821 \|- \| [[HMS Ferret (1821)\|''Ferret'']] \| Portsmouth \| 23 May 1820 \| August 1820 \| 12 October 1821 \|- \| [[HMS Hope (1824)\|''Hope'']] (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 23 May 1820 \| March 1822 \| 8 December 1824 \|- \| [[HMS Mutine (1825)\|''Mutine'']] \| Plymouth \| 23 May 1820 \| April 1822 \| 19 May 1825 \|- \| ''Forester'' \| Deptford \| 23 May 1820 \| unknown \| Re-ordered at Chatham<br>23 May 1826 \|- \| ''Griffon'' \| Deptford \| 23 May 1820 \| unknown \| Re-ordered at Chatham<br>23 May 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Tyrian (1826)\|''Tyrian'']] (2nd of name) \| Woolwich \| 6 January 1821 \| April 1823 \| 16 September 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Philomel (1823)\|''Philomel'']] \| Portsmouth \| 19 April 1821 \| June 1821 \| 28 April 1823 \|- \| [[HMS Royalist (1823)\|''Royalist'']] \| Portsmouth \| 19 April 1821 \| August 1821 \| 12 May 1823 \|} ==1823–1826 orders== Forty-four vessels were ordered in 1823–1826, thirty on 25 March 1823, two on 23 November 1824, two on 7 December 1824, four on 23 May 1826 and six on 28 October 1826. Of these only thirty-four were built as sailing brigs; four were cancelled outright, and the orders for six more were replaced (before any work had commenced) by orders for paddle vessels, using the same names. {\| class="sortable wikitable" \|- ! Name ! Built by <br>HM Dockyard ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched \|- \| [[HMS Leveret (1825)\|''Leveret'']] (2nd of name) \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1823 \| 19 February 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Musquito (1825)\|''Musquito'']] \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1823 \| 19 February 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Hearty (1824)\|''Hearty'']] \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1823 \| 22 October 1824 \|- \| [[HMS Myrtle (1825)\|''Myrtle'']] \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1823 \| 14 September 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Lapwing (1825)\|''Lapwing'']] \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| September 1823 \| 20 February 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Sheldrake (1825)\|''Sheldrake'']] \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| November 1823 \| 19 May 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Harpy (1825)\|''Harpy'']] \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| March 1824 \| 16 July 1825 \|- \| [[HMS Fairy (1826)\|''Fairy'']] \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1824 \| 25 April 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Skylark (1826)\|''Skylark'']] \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1825 \| 6 May 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Espoir (1826)\|''Espoir'']] \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| January 1825 \| 9 May 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Calypso (1826)\|''Calypso'']] (2nd of name)<br>(ex ''Hyaena'') \| Chatham \| 25 March 1823 \| March 1825 \| 19 August 1826 \|- \| [[HMS Spey (1827)\|''Spey'']] \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1825 \| 6 October 1827 \|- \| [[HMS Variable (1827)\|''Variable'']] \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| May 1826 \| 6 October 1827 \|- \| [[HMS Briseis (1829)\|''Briseis'']] (2nd of name) \| Deptford \| 25 March 1823 \| August 1827 \| 3 July 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Rapid (1829)\|''Rapid'']] \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| January 1824 \| 17 August 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Recruit (1829)\|''Recruit'']] \| Portsmouth \| 25 March 1823 \| February 1825 \| 17 August 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Reindeer (1829)\|''Reindeer'']] \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| December 1824 \| 29 September 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Thais (1829)\|''Thais'']] \| Pembroke \| 25 March 1823 \| July 1828 \| 12 October 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Rolla (1829)\|''Rolla'']] (2nd of name) \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| June 1825 \| 10 December 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Savage (1830)\|''Savage'']] \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| October 1829 \| 29 December 1830 \|- \| [[HMS Saracen (1831)\|''Saracen'']] \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| December 1829 \| 30 January 1831 \|- \| [[HMS Scorpion (1832)\|''Scorpion'']] \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| June 1830 \| 28 July 1832 \|- \| ''Sealark'' \| Plymouth \| 25 March 1823 \| November 1830 \| Cancelled<br>10 January 1831 \|- \| ''Hyaena''<br>(ex ''Calypso'') \| Deptford \| 25 March 1823 \| unknown \| Cancelled<br>21 February 1831 \|- \| [[HMS Termagent (1838)\|''Termagent'']] \| Portsmouth \| 23 November 1824 \| October 1829 \| 26 March 1838 \|- \| [[HMS Lynx (1833)\|''Lynx'']] \| Portsmouth \| 23 November 1824 \| February 1830 \| 2 September 1833 \|- \| [[HMS Nautilus (1830)\|''Nautilus'']] \| Woolwich \| 7 December 1824 \| April 1829 \| 11 March 1830 \|- \| [[HMS Curlew (1830)\|''Curlew'']] \| Woolwich \| 7 December 1824 \| November 1829 \| 25 February 1830 \|- \| [[HMS Delight (1829)\|''Delight'']] (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| August 1827 \| 27 November 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Algerine (1829)\|''Algerine'']] (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| October 1827 \| 1 August 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Griffon (1832)\|''Griffon'']] (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| July 1830 \| 11 September 1832 \|- \| [[HMS Forester (1832)\|''Forester'']] (2nd of name) \| Chatham \| 23 May 1826 \| September 1830 \| 28 August 1832 \|- \| [[HMS Partridge (1829)\|''Partridge'']] (2nd of name) \| Pembroke \| 28 October 1826 \| August 1828 \| 12 October 1829 \|- \| [[HMS Wizard (1830)\|''Wizard'']] \| Pembroke \| 28 October 1826 \| October 1829 \| 24 May 1830 \|- \| [[HMS Charybdis (1831)\|''Charybdis'']] \| Portsmouth \| 28 October 1826 \| December 1829 \| 27 February 1831 \|- \| [[HMS Buzzard (1834)\|''Buzzard'']] \| Portsmouth \| 28 October 1826 \| December 1829 \| 23 March 1834 \|- \| ''Foxhound'' \| Plymouth \| 28 October 1826 \| unknown \| Cancelled<br>21 February 1831 \|- \| ''Helena'' \| Plymouth \| 28 October 1826 \| unknown \| Cancelled<br>21 February 1831 \|} Six of the vessels originally ordered 25 March 1823 were swiftly re-ordered as paddle steamers in May 1824 – ''Alban'' and ''Carron'' (both at Deptford), ''Columbia'', ''Confiance'', ''Dee'' and ''Echo'' (all four at Woolwich). ==Citations== {{reflist}} ==References== {{cite book \|title=The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy\|last1=Blake \|first1=Nicholas\|last2=Lawrence\|first2=Richard \|year=1999\|publisher=Chatham Publishing\|location= London\|isbn=1-86176-090-6}} {{Cite Colledge2006}} {{cite book\|first=Roger\|last=Knight\|year=2022\|title=Convoys\|publisher=Yale University Press\|isbn=9780300268751}} * Rif Winfield, ''[[The Sail and Steam Navy List]], 1815–1889'' (Chatham Publishing, 2004) * Rif Winfield, ''[[British Warships in the Age of Sail]], 1793–1817'' (2nd edition, Seaforth Publishing, 2009) * Rif Winfield, ''[[British Warships in the Age of Sail]], 1817–1863'' (Seaforth Publishing, 2014). {{Cite web \| last = FitzRoy \| first = Robert \| author-link = Robert FitzRoy \| year = 1839 \| title = Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships ''Adventure'' and ''Beagle'' between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the ''Beagle'''s circumnavigation of the globe. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831–36, under the command of Captain Robert Fitz-Roy, R.N. \| location = London \| publisher = Henry Colburn \| volume=II \| url = http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F10.2&viewtype=text&pageseq=1 \| access-date =2009-01-30 }} {{cite book \|last = James \|first = William \|authorlink = \|year = 1827 \|orig-date= \|chapter = \|title = The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume V, 1808–1811 \|publisher = Richard Bentley \|location = London \|oclc = 918372293}} * {{cite book \| first = John Lort \| last = Stokes \| author-link =John Lort Stokes \| year = 1846 \| title = Discoveries in Australia \| publisher = T and W. Boone \| location = London \| title-link = Discoveries in Australia }}, [[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 1\|Volume 1]], [[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 2\|Volume 2]] *{{cite book\|first=James\|last=Taylor\|author-link=James Taylor (British author and historian)\|title=Voyage of the Beagle: Darwin's Extraordinary Adventure in Fitzroy's Famous Survey Ship\|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g7C-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT36\|year=2008\|publisher=[[Conway Publishing]], Anova Books\|isbn=978-1-84486-066-1\|chapter=1: The Origin & Design of HMS ''Beagle''}} [[Category:Cherokee-class brig-sloops\| ]] [[Category:Sloop classes]]	1,299,139,787	[{"title": "Class overview", "data": {"Name": "Cherokee-class brig-sloop", "Operators": "Royal Navy", "Planned": "115", "Completed": "- 36 in first batch - 34 in second batch (with another 1 being cancelled) - 34 in third batch (with another 4 cancelled and 6 orders replaced by orders for equivalent steam-assisted paddle vessels)", "Cancelled": "11"}}, {"title": "General characteristics", "data": {"Type": "Brig-sloop", "Tons burthen": "238 bm", "Length": "- Overall: 90 ft 0 in (27.43 m) - Keel: 73 ft 7+5\u20448 in (22.4 m)", "Beam": "24 ft 6 in (7.47 m)", "Draught": "12 ft 6 in (3.8 m)", "Depth of hold": "11 ft 0 in (3.4 m)", "Propulsion": "Sails", "Complement": "- Sloop-of-war:75 - Survey voyages: On Beagle's second voyage, 65 plus 9 supernumeraries", "Armament": "- Sloop-of-war:2 \u00d7 6-pounder bow chasers + 8 \u00d7 18-pounder carronades - Survey voyages:6 guns"}}]	false
# Istiklal Mosque, Sarajevo Istiklal Mosque (Bosnian: Istiklal džamija) is one of the largest mosques in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was named after Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta, the national mosque of Indonesia, since the mosque was a gift from the Indonesian people and government for Bosnia and Herzegovina as a token of solidarity and friendship between the two nations. The name "Istiklal" is Arabic for 'independence', thus it is also meant to commemorate the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ## Activities Other than its regular function as a house of prayers; the regular daily 5 times salat and other prayers (Jumu'ah and Eids), Istiqlal mosque also hosts maktab and Quran recital competitions for children and adults. The mosque also served as Project Bureau Center for Islamic Architecture, arranging Sharia weddings, and also as Indonesian Cultural Center. ## History During his visit to the war torn city of Sarajevo in March 1995 and a courtesy call to Bosnian President Alija Izetbegović, Indonesian President Suharto contemplated an idea to build a mosque in the city as a gift for the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Suharto mobilized his administrations to realize his idea, and appointed Fauzan Noe’man, one of Indonesia's foremost architect to design the mosque and proceed with the project. Noe'man was known for his works in constructing grand mosque of Batam, Baiturrahim mosque in Merdeka Palace complex, and also At-Tin mosque (1999) in East Jakarta near Taman Mini Indonesia Indah. The project is started in 1995, however because of the turmoil in Indonesia that led to Suharto's presidency ending in 1998, the construction process was stalled. The mosque was completed and inaugurated in September 2001 by Indonesian Minister of Religious Affairs Said Agil Al Munawar. A year later in September 2002 during her stately visit to Sarajevo, President Megawati Soekarnoputri also visited the mosque. ## Architecture The Istiqlal mosque of Sarajevo demonstrate postmodern interpretation of Islamic architecture as viewed from Indonesian perspective. The mosque built with simple geometric elements and patterns on metal-works made from stainless steel or aluminum and glass blocks applied on facade, windows and arches. The exterior were covered with white tiles, while the interior, especially in mihrab, minbar and window frames were adorned with Indonesian wooden carving of floral ornaments. Built on 2,800 square meters land on Otoka on western side of the city, the mosque is one among the largest mosque in Sarajevo and easily recognizable as the landmark in the neighborhood. The mosque has a single copper-colored dome measured 27 meters tall and 27 meters in diameter. The dome is equipped with three horizontal openings around the dome to allow natural lights to enter the mosque's interior beneath the dome. This type of dome is similar to those of At-Tin mosque in Jakarta, also designed by Fauzan Noe’man. Two twin towers flanking the entrance with reminiscent of Iranian iwan facade style. The tower height is 48 meters. The tip of the dome and twin towers are adorned with three spherical pinnacles with star and crescent on top of it. The twin towers symbolize two nations, as the mosque represents the friendship and solidarity between Indonesia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.	enwiki/39771422	enwiki	39,771,422	Istiklal Mosque, Sarajevo	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istiklal_Mosque,_Sarajevo	2025-05-28T14:00:23Z	en	Q17006336	97,056	{{Short description\|Mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina}} {{About\|a mosque in Sarajevo\|similar-named national mosque of Indonesia\|Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta}} {{Infobox religious building \| name = Istiklal Mosque \| native_name = Istiklal džamija \| image = Istiklal džamija Sarajevo.jpg \| caption = \| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]] \| location = Bulevar Meše Selimovića 85, [[Sarajevo]] 387 33, [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] \| established = 2001 \| tradition = [[Sunni Islam]] \| architect = {{ill\|Achmad Noe'man\|id}} \| architecture_type = Mosque \| architecture_style = [[Postmodern architecture\|Postmodern]] \| interior_area = {{convert\|2,500\|m2\|abbr=on}} \| dome_quantity = 1 \| dome_height_outer = 27 meters \| dome_dia_outer = 27 meters \| minaret_quantity = 2 \| minaret_height = 48 meters \| general_contractor = [[Republic of Indonesia\|Indonesia]] \| construction_cost = [[United States dollar\|US$]] 2.7 million \| website = \| coordinates = {{coord\|43.846350\|18.360833\| region:BA\|display=inline,title}} \| map_type = Bosnia and Herzegovina \| map_caption = Location in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] }} '''Istiklal Mosque''' ({{langx\|bs\|Istiklal džamija}}) is one of the largest mosques in [[Sarajevo]], the capital of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. It was named after [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta]], the [[national mosque]] of [[Indonesia]], since the mosque was a gift from the Indonesian people and government for Bosnia and Herzegovina as a token of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina–Indonesia relations\|solidarity and friendship between the two nations]].<ref name="Deplu">{{cite web \|url =http://www.deplu.go.id/Lists/BilateralCooperation/DispForm.aspx?ID=159 \|archive-url =https://archive.today/20130624202533/http://www.deplu.go.id/Lists/BilateralCooperation/DispForm.aspx?ID=159 \|url-status =dead \|archive-date =24 June 2013 \|title =Kerjasama Bilateral, Bosnia-Herzegovina \|language =id \|publisher =Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Indonesia \|access-date =25 June 2013 }} </ref> The name "Istiklal" is [[Arabic]] for 'independence', thus it is also meant to commemorate the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ==Activities== Other than its regular function as a house of prayers; the regular daily 5 times [[salat]] and other prayers ([[Jumu'ah]] and [[Muslim holidays\|Eids]]), Istiqlal mosque also hosts [[Maktab (education)\|maktab]] and [[Quran]] recital competitions for children and adults. The mosque also served as Project Bureau Center for Islamic Architecture, arranging Sharia weddings, and also as Indonesian Cultural Center.<ref name="IslamFinder"> {{cite web \|url = http://www.islamicfinder.org/getitWorld.php?id=50884&lang= \|title = Istiqlal Mosque \|publisher = Islamic Finder \|access-date = 25 June 2013 \|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110919001800/http://www.islamicfinder.org/getitWorld.php?id=50884&lang= \|archive-date = 19 September 2011 \|url-status = dead }} </ref> ==History== During his visit to the [[Bosnian War\|war torn]] city of Sarajevo in March 1995 and a courtesy call to Bosnian President [[Alija Izetbegović]], Indonesian President [[Suharto]] contemplated an idea to build a mosque in the city as a gift for the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Suharto mobilized his administrations to realize his idea, and appointed Fauzan Noe’man, one of Indonesia's foremost architect to design the mosque and proceed with the project. Noe'man was known for his works in constructing grand mosque of [[Batam]], Baiturrahim mosque in [[Merdeka Palace]] complex, and also At-Tin mosque (1999) in East Jakarta near [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]]. The project is started in 1995, however because of the turmoil in Indonesia that led to [[Post-Suharto era\|Suharto's presidency ending in 1998]], the construction process was stalled. The mosque was completed and inaugurated in September 2001 by Indonesian Minister of Religious Affairs Said Agil Al Munawar.<ref name="Deplu"/> A year later in September 2002 during her stately visit to Sarajevo, President [[Megawati Soekarnoputri]] also visited the mosque. ==Architecture== The Istiqlal mosque of Sarajevo demonstrate [[postmodern architecture\|postmodern]] interpretation of [[Islamic architecture]] as viewed from [[Indonesian architecture\|Indonesian]] perspective. The mosque built with simple geometric elements and patterns on metal-works made from stainless steel or aluminum and glass blocks applied on facade, windows and arches. The exterior were covered with white tiles, while the interior, especially in [[mihrab]], [[minbar]] and window frames were adorned with Indonesian wooden carving of floral ornaments. Built on 2,800 square meters land on Otoka on western side of the city, the mosque is one among the largest mosque in Sarajevo and easily recognizable as the landmark in the neighborhood. The mosque has a single copper-colored dome measured 27 meters tall and 27 meters in diameter. The dome is equipped with three horizontal openings around the dome to allow natural lights to enter the mosque's interior beneath the dome. This type of dome is similar to those of At-Tin mosque in Jakarta, also designed by Fauzan Noe’man. Two twin towers flanking the entrance with reminiscent of Iranian [[iwan]] facade style. The tower height is 48 meters. The tip of the dome and twin towers are adorned with three spherical pinnacles with star and crescent on top of it. The twin towers symbolize two nations, as the mosque represents the friendship and solidarity between Indonesia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ==See also== * [[Bosnia and Herzegovina–Indonesia relations]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/22824b/ Pictures of Istiqlal Mosque, Sarajevo] {{Commons category\|Istiqlal Mosque (Sarajevo)}} {{Sarajevo}} {{Mosques in Bosnia and Herzegovina}} [[Category:Mosques in Sarajevo]] [[Category:Mosques completed in 2001]]	1,292,729,392	[{"title": "Religion", "data": {"Affiliation": "Islam", "Branch/tradition": "Sunni Islam"}}, {"title": "Location", "data": {"Location": ["Bulevar Me\u0161e Selimovi\u0107a 85, Sarajevo 387 33, Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina"], "Geographic coordinates": "43\u00b050\u203247\u2033N 18\u00b021\u203239\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff43.846350\u00b0N 18.360833\u00b0E"}}, {"title": "Architecture", "data": {"Architect(s)": "Achmad Noe'man", "Type": "Mosque", "Style": "Postmodern", "General contractor": "Indonesia", "Date established": "2001", "Construction cost": "US$ 2.7 million"}}, {"title": "Specifications", "data": {"Interior area": "2,500 m2 (27,000 sq ft)", "Dome(s)": "1", "Dome height (outer)": "27 meters", "Dome dia. (outer)": "27 meters", "Minaret(s)": "2", "Minaret height": "48 meters"}}]	false
# Say Anything (X Japan song) "Say Anything" is a single released by X Japan on December 1, 1991. ## Summary It is the band's last single released under the name X and the last to feature Taiji on bass. The B-side is a live version of "Silent Jealousy", recorded on November 12, 1991, at Yokohama Arena. Both songs were originally featured on the album Jealousy. A cover of the title song appears on the album Global Trance 2, by the pop band Globe, of which Yoshiki was briefly a member. It was also used as the theme song for the TV drama Lullaby Keiji (ララバイ刑事). ## Commercial performance The song reached number 3 on the Oricon charts, and charted for 25 weeks. In 1992, with 537,790 copies sold was the 33rd best-selling single of the year, being certified Platinum by RIAJ. ## Track listing All tracks are written by Yoshiki. \| No. \| Title \| Length \| \| --- \| -------------------------------- \| ------ \| \| 1. \| "Say Anything" \| 8:39 \| \| 2. \| "Silent Jealousy (Live Version)" \| 7:49 \| ## Personnel X - Toshi – vocals - Pata – guitar - hide – guitar - Taiji – bass - Yoshiki – drums, piano Other - Co-Producer – Naoshi Tsuda - Mixed by – Rich Breen - Art Direction and Design – Mitsuo Izumisawa - Cover Photography – Hitoshi Iwakiri - Artist Photography – Hideo Canno[1]	enwiki/6456884	enwiki	6,456,884	Say Anything (X Japan song)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say_Anything_(X_Japan_song)	2025-05-02T22:08:02Z	en	Q1325912	60,385	{{Short description\|1991 single by X Japan}} {{Infobox song \| name = Say Anything \| cover = Sayanything jpg.jpg \| alt = \| type = single \| artist = [[X Japan\|X]] \| album = [[Jealousy (X Japan album)\|Jealousy]] \| released = {{start date\|1991\|12\|1}} \| recorded = November 12, 1991 at [[Yokohama Arena]] (track 2) \| studio = \| venue = \| genre = {{flatlist\| * [[Progressive metal]] * [[symphonic metal]]}} \| length = 16:28 \| label = [[Sony Music Entertainment Japan\|Sony]] \| writer = [[Yoshiki (musician)\|Yoshiki]] \| producer = X \| prev_title = [[Standing Sex]] \| prev_year = 1991 \| next_title = [[Tears (X Japan song)\|Tears]] \| next_year = 1993 }} "'''Say Anything'''" is a single released by [[X Japan]] on December 1, 1991.<ref name="discogs"> {{cite web \| title = X - Say Anything \| work = discogs.com \| url = http://www.discogs.com/X-Say-Anything/release/2304774 \| accessdate = 2011-11-13}} </ref> ==Summary== It is the band's last single released under the name X and the last to feature [[Taiji (musician)\|Taiji]] on bass. The B-side is a live version of "[[Silent Jealousy]]", recorded on November 12, 1991, at [[Yokohama Arena]]. Both songs were originally featured on the album ''[[Jealousy (X Japan album)\|Jealousy]]''. A cover of the title song appears on the album ''Global Trance 2'', by the pop band [[Globe (band)\|Globe]],<ref>{{cite web\| title = ''Global Trance 2''\| work = cdjapan.co.jp\| url = http://www.cdjapan.co.jp/product/AVCG-70012\| accessdate = 2008-06-20}}</ref> of which [[Yoshiki (musician)\|Yoshiki]] was briefly a member.<ref>{{cite web\| url=http://www.avexnet.or.jp/globe/profile.html\| title=Globe profile\| work=avexnet.or.jp\|accessdate=2017-04-04\|language=Japanese\|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120719163625/http://www.avexnet.or.jp/globe/profile.html\|archivedate=2012-07-19}}</ref> It was also used as the theme song for the TV drama {{nihongo\|''Lullaby Keiji''\|ララバイ刑事}}.<ref>{{cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzeSd4SvU7cC&q=Lullaby+Keiji+say+anything&pg=PA173\|title=The Dorama Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese TV Drama Since 1953\|publisher=Stone Bridge Press\|year=2003\|author=Jonathan Clements, Motoko Tamamuro\|isbn=9781880656815\|pages=173}}</ref> ==Commercial performance== The song reached number 3 on the [[Oricon]] charts, and charted for 25 weeks.<ref name="Oricon singles">{{cite web \| url = http://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/artist/26180/ranking/cd_single/ \| script-title=ja:ＸＪＡＰＡＮのシングル売り上げランキング \| work = oricon.co.jp \| publisher = [[Oricon]] \| accessdate = 2011-12-10 \| language = Japanese}}</ref> In 1992, with 537,790 copies sold was the 33rd best-selling single of the year, being certified Platinum by [[Recording Industry Association of Japan\|RIAJ]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.riaj.or.jp/f/data/cert/gd.html\|title=月次認定作品認定年月：1992年 3月\|publisher=RIAJ\|accessdate=2017-05-10\|language=Japanese}}</ref> ==Track listing== {{track listing \| all_writing = [[Yoshiki (musician)\|Yoshiki]] \| title1 = Say Anything \| length1 = 8:39 \| title2 = [[Silent Jealousy]] (Live Version) \| length2 = 7:49 }} ==Personnel== ;X [[Toshi (musician)\|Toshi]] – vocals [[Pata (musician)\|Pata]] – guitar [[Hide (musician)\|hide]] – guitar [[Taiji (musician)\|Taiji]] – bass [[Yoshiki (musician)\|Yoshiki]] – drums, piano ;Other Co-Producer – Naoshi Tsuda * Mixed by – Rich Breen * Art Direction and Design – Mitsuo Izumisawa * Cover Photography – Hitoshi Iwakiri * Artist Photography – Hideo Canno<ref name="discogs"/> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{X Japan}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:X Japan songs]] [[Category:Songs written by Yoshiki (musician)]] [[Category:Japanese television drama theme songs]] [[Category:Heavy metal ballads]] [[Category:1991 singles]] [[Category:Songs in Japanese]] [[Category:1991 songs]] [[Category:Sony Music Entertainment Japan singles]] [[Category:Torch songs]] [[Category:1990s ballads]] {{1990s-metal-song-stub}}	1,288,477,102	[{"title": "from the album Jealousy", "data": {"Released": "December 1, 1991", "Recorded": "November 12, 1991 at Yokohama Arena (track 2)", "Genre": "Progressive metal symphonic metal", "Length": "16:28", "Label": "Sony", "Songwriter(s)": "Yoshiki", "Producer(s)": "X"}}, {"title": "X singles chronology", "data": {"\"Standing Sex\" \u00b7 (1991)": "\"Say Anything\" \u00b7 (1991) \u00b7 \"Tears\" \u00b7 (1993)"}}, {"title": "X Japan", "data": {"Albums": "Vanishing Vision Blue Blood Jealousy Art of Life Dahlia Unreleased sixth album", "Live albums": "On the Verge of Destruction 1992.1.7 Tokyo Dome Live Live Live Live Tokyo Dome 1993\u20131996 Live Live Live Extra Live in Hokkaido 1995.12.4 Bootleg Art of Life Live The Last Live", "Compilations": "X Singles B.O.X ~Best of X~ Ballad Collection X Japan Singles ~Atlantic Years~ Special Box Star Box Perfect Best Best: Fan's Selection Complete II The World: X Japan Hatsu no Zensekai Best", "Other albums": "Trance X We Are X", "Singles": "\" I'll Kill You \" \" Orgasm \" \" Kurenai \" \" Endless Rain \" \" Week End \" \" Silent Jealousy \" \" Standing Sex \" \" Say Anything \" \" Tears \" \" Rusty Nail \" \" Longing ~Togireta Melody~ \" \" Longing ~Setsubou no Yoru~ \" \" Dahlia \" \" Forever Love \" \" Crucify My Love \" \" Scars \" \" Forever Love (Last Mix) \" \" The Last Song \" \" I.V. \" \" Scarlet Love Song \" \" Jade \" \" Born to Be Free \" \" Angel \"", "Home video": "Blue Blood Tour Bakuhatsu Sunzen Gig On the Verge of Destruction 1992.1.7 Tokyo Dome Live Visual Shock Vol. 4 X Japan Clips II The Last Live Video Art of Life 1993.12.31 Tokyo Dome Aoi Yoru Shiroi Yoru Aoi Yoru Shiroi Yoru Complete Edition X Japan Returns 1993.12.30 X Japan Returns 1993.12.31 X Visual Shock DVD Box 1989\u20131992 The Last Live Complete Edition", "Related articles": "Discography Tours and performances We Are X Extasy Records S.K.I.N."}}]	false
# Princess Python Princess Python is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. ## Publication history Princess Python, Zelda DuBois, is a snake charmer who controls a gigantic snake to help with her crimes. She first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #22 (March 1965), created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko. Zelda DuBois started out as a snake charmer, using a 25-foot python in her act. She later became a criminal, using a gigantic snake under her mental control to commit crimes as Princess Python, part of the Circus of Crime. DuBois and the Circus are part of a group of villains that interrupt the wedding of Avengers Yellowjacket and the Wasp. She later becomes a member of the Serpent Squad as well as its successor the Serpent Society, but leaves the group as she is not a killer. She later rejoins the Circus, but then ends up in a romantic relationship with Johnny Blaze, former Ghost Rider, until they are attacked by Arcade. DuBois has been married to both Stilt-Man and Gibbon and was later revealed to be the mother of Executioner from the Young Masters, although her son is not aware of his mother's alter ego. In 2015, Princess Python became a member of Serpent Solutions as part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel. ## Fictional character biography Zelda DuBois, born in Darlington, South Carolina, developed an act as a snake charmer and circus performer using a twenty-five foot python as a young adult. Presumably, she joined the Circus of Crime in its early days but isn't actually seen as a professional criminal until the formation of the Masters of Menace. It is, in fact, the Princess who convinces the others to get rid of the Ringmaster, appoint the Clown as the leader, rename the group (she comes up with the name), and go out on a crime spree of their own. The Masters of Menace steal paintings from a Madison Avenue art gallery where they run afoul of Spider-Man. However, the web-slinger is unwilling to hit a woman and turns out to be putty in Zelda's hands. She tries to remove his mask but he stops her in time. She maneuvers the wall-crawler into a fight with her pet after jamming his web shooters with an electric prod, but is defeated when Spider-Man tricks the python into a knot and maneuvers her into the arms of the law. When they get out of prison, the Masters of Menace agree to rejoin the Ringmaster and his Circus of Crime. They try to hypnotize Avengers members Hawkeye, Quicksilver, and the Scarlet Witch into joining them but fail. Princess Python fights hand-to-hand with the Scarlet Witch after trying to cover her eyes, but loses when the Witch uses her hex power to soak her down with water, preventing her whistling for her pet. The Circus of Crime does escape capture, however, though it is later mentioned the D.A. "wormed the truth out of Princess Python". The Circus next schemes to steal a huge golden bull but they need a new strong man to replace theirs since "he strained himself trying to lift the elephant". They find the Mighty Thor who has been stripped of his godly power but is still superhumanly strong. Thor is hypnotized into stealing the massive golden bull but Princess Python is trapped under the idol in the melee that follows. Thor rescues her. The grateful and somewhat smitten Princess tells the police that Thor was duped into helping them before she uses her snake to escape and rejoin the Circus. In their next caper, the Circus disguises themselves as caterers in order to sneak into Avengers Mansion so they can disrupt the wedding of Yellowjacket and the Wasp. Zelda's giant python jumps out of the wedding cake and puts the squeeze on the Wasp. But Yellowjacket turns out to be Hank Pym (which no one knew at the time) and he disrupts the plan by turning into Giant-Man, yanking the python off of the Wasp and tying it around the Ringmaster instead. Princess Python tries to sneak away, only to be decked by a punch from the Wasp. The Circus then sets up a scheme that involves enlisting a mind-controlled Ulik the Troll as an accomplice. Thor thwarts the plan and ties Zelda up with her own python in the process. At this point, the Princess strikes out on her own. She goes to Stark Industries and manages an opportunity to get her python around Tony Stark. She tells the world that she wants "one million dollars and a jet plane to South America" or Stark dies. Stark, secretly Iron Man, frees himself by using his chest-plate to shock the snake. This isn't good enough. According to Zelda, her "precious" has been specially bred to be able to crush Iron Man's armor. The python nearly does so until Iron Man kills it by tossing it in a vat of acid. Zelda is so distraught over the death of her pet that she jumps in after it, only to be saved by Iron Man before she hits the acid. Iron Man, clearly not a pet lover, suggests the Princess be "taken care of by good doctors" because of her excessive hatred of him over the death of her snake. Apparently, the Princess gets away from those doctors. The Princess acquires a new trained python and gets recruited by Viper to start a new Serpent Squad. Zelda breaks the Cobra and the Eel out of jail and they all battle Captain America in his Nomad identity. Eventually they are joined by Warlord Krang who is in possession of the Serpent Crown and the whole thing ends up involving the Sub-Mariner and Roxxon Oil. The Princess is defeated and led off to jail. She is back with the Circus of Crime soon after, but she and the Circus are defeated by Daredevil. But the Circus never makes it to jail. They are freed from a prison wagon on its way to the penitentiary by Live Wire who then joins the group. But she ends up back with the Circus when the group captures Luke Cage. Zelda finds herself attracted to Luke which doesn't please Luke's girlfriend Claire Temple. With the help of Black Goliath, Luke Cage defeats the Circus. Zelda is stopped when Luke's pal D.W. Griffith hypnotizes her with the Ringmaster's hat. With the Circus of Crime, Princess Python captures the sea-nymph Meriam, and fights the Hulk. The Circus reaches its lowest point when it tries to enlist Howard the Duck as an unwilling accomplice, but he defeats them with help from Iris Raritan. Zelda gets bitten on the nose by Howard and runs away sobbing. There is an adventure involving the Thing, Iceman, and the former Black Goliath now calling himself Giant-Man, and another involving the mind-controlled Hulk and Dragon Man. Then Death Adder recruits Zelda to join the Serpent Society and she attends an organizational meeting. The Society is led by Sidewinder and its other members are Constrictor, Black Mamba, Cottonmouth, Diamondback, Bushmaster, the Cobra, the Asp, the Rattler, and Anaconda. The Society is a longtime thorn in Captain America's side but the Princess decides to break away from the group when they are dispatched to kill MODOK. She is captured and brought back, where she is questioned and tortured by Sidewinder. She is sent to be ransomed back to the Circus of Crime, but Death Adder, who is delivering her, is killed by the Scourge of the Underworld before the transaction is complete. Somehow, she finds her way back to the Circus where she is captured and defeated by the She-Hulk. Princess Python then turns up as the master of ceremonies at the "power pageant" of Superia's Femizons, introducing all the members of the group to each other. She battles Captain America and Paladin when they board Superia's cruise ship. Later, she gets refused admittance to the Bar With No Name by the bouncer (Angar the Screamer) because she won't check her python at the door. Again with the Circus, she is thwarted by the Ben Reilly Spider-Man, Howard the Duck, and Gambit; Generation X; and the Peter Parker Spider-Man, Devil Dinosaur and Moon-Boy. Around this time, Zelda hooks up with Johnny Blaze, the former Ghost Rider, who operates the Quentin Carnival. Python develops friendships among the crew and deep romantic feelings for Johnny. When there was trouble in a nearby trailer, she and Kody, a bear-man, rush over and succumb to knock-out gas set by the trailer's owner, the assassin known as Arcade. While Johnny defeats Arcade, Kody drags her to safety. Zelda and the other Masters of Menace (Clown, Cannonball and Gambonnos) resort to armed robbery in between their stints of running the Circus (without the Ringmaster who has gone straight). The Hulk busts up these plans but the Princess is not captured in the process. She remains free and at large. Following the Civil War storyline, Zelda makes the startling revelation that she had been married to Stilt-Man during the latter's funeral held by supervillains and former supervillains. It was for her that a robot Doctor Doom was made to attend so as to convince her that Stilt-Man had been respected by some of the "major league" supervillains, and she also shares a sympathy dance with the Gibbon. By the end of the issue, the bar that the wake is being held in is blown up by the Punisher. It'slater mentioned that "they all had to get their stomachs pumped and be treated for third-degree burns." It was subsequently revealed that she was blinded in the explosion, but she marries the Gibbon in order to be included on his insurance. Her original python Pythagoras had also gotten sick and died; however, Gibbon buys her a new python at the end of the story. At the beginning of the Marvel Apes storyline, the Gibbon admits that even if Zelda truly loved him in the past, currently she's fed up with the losing streak of her new husband, and so they part. At the end of Dark Reign: Young Avengers #2, Executioner of the New Young Avengers call his mother on the phone to talk about Kate Bishop. His mother turns out to be Princess Python. Daniel seems unaware of Princess Python's costumed adventures, as their dialogue implies Daniel knows Zelda DuBois as a simple, but shady and rich, businesswoman. Princess Python pressures Daniel into contacting Kate Bishop, even setting him a large fund for his New Young Avengers/Young Masters of Evil. In Dark Reign: Young Avengers #4, Daniel places a bomb in Zelda's car after learning of her supervillain past. Zelda is caught in the explosion and is apparently killed. Princess Python turns up alive and appears as a member of Max Fury's new Masters of Evil line-up that serves the Shadow Council. During this time, she has a new python to replace the one that died. As part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel event, Princess Python appears as a member of Viper's Serpent Society under its new name of Serpent Solutions. During the "Opening Salvo" part of the Secret Empire storyline, Princess Python is with Serpent Solutions at the time when they are recruited by Baron Helmut Zemo to join the Army of Evil. Princess Python is among several animal-themed supervillains captured and hunted by Kraven the Hunter. ## Powers and abilities Princess Python has no super human powers but she is a trained athlete and an extremely talented snake charmer and handler. She usually carries a handheld electric cattle prod capable of discharging 1,000 volts. Princess Python has a 25-foot (7.6 m) trained pet rock python. She has had more than one such snake in her criminal career. ## Other versions ### Ruins The Ruins version of Princess Python is a performer for the Quintano Carnival, America's last freak show, and it is implied that her act consists of indulging in bestiality with her python. ### Ultimate Marvel Princess Python appears in the Ultimate Marvel universe as a member of the all-female Serpent Squad. Unlike her Earth-616 version, this version has super-strength and is able to knock a piece of the Thing's body off him. ### Marvel Super Hero Adventures In this comic book series aimed at young children, Princess Python appears as a member of the Serpent Society. Alongside her teammates, Python battles Ms. Marvel, Spider-Man, and the Society's newest recruit, Garden Snake. ## In other media Princess Python appears in the Avengers Assemble episode "Crime and Circuses", voiced by Hynden Walch. This version is a former member of the Circus of Crime who assists Hawkeye and Falcon in battling the Ringmaster. After the Circus of Crime are defeated and arrested, Hawkeye brings Princess Python to Nick Fury for a second chance at life.	enwiki/6146589	enwiki	6,146,589	Princess Python	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Python	2025-05-01T16:18:52Z	en	Q7244787	165,678	{{short description\|Fictional comic book characters}} {{Infobox comics character <!--Wikipedia:WikiProject Comics--> \|image=Iron_Man_,50.jpeg \|image_size=200 \|caption=Princess Python on the cover art for ''[[Iron Man (comic book)\|Iron Man]]'', #50. Art by [[Gil Kane]] and [[Frank Giacoia]]. \|character_name=Princess Python \|real_name=Zelda DuBois \|species=Human \|publisher=[[Marvel Comics]] \|debut=''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #22 (March 1965) \|creators=[[Stan Lee]]<br>[[Steve Ditko]] \|alliances=[[Circus of Crime]]<br>[[Femizons]]<br>[[Serpent Squad]]<br>[[Serpent Society]] \|aliases= \|powers=Trained athlete<br>Extremely talented snake charmer and handler<br>Carries a hand held, electric cattle prod<br>Use of pet snakes as sidekicks }} '''Princess Python''' is a <!--Do not add "fictional" as it is tautological; supervillains (and characters in general) are by definition implied to be fictionalized to some extent.-->[[supervillain]] appearing in [[American comic book]]s published by [[Marvel Comics]]. ==Publication history== Princess Python, Zelda DuBois, is a snake charmer who controls a gigantic snake to help with her crimes. She first appeared in ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #22 (March 1965), created by writer [[Stan Lee]] and artist [[Steve Ditko]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=DeFalco \|first1=Tom \|last2=Sanderson \|first2=Peter \|last3=Brevoort \|first3=Tom \|last4=Teitelbaum \|first4=Michael \|last5=Wallace \|first5=Daniel \|last6=Darling \|first6=Andrew \|last7=Forbeck \|first7=Matt \|last8=Cowsill \|first8=Alan \|last9=Bray \|first9=Adam \|title=The Marvel Encyclopedia \|date=2019 \|publisher=DK Publishing \|isbn=978-1-4654-7890-0 \|page=275}}</ref> Zelda DuBois started out as a [[Snake charming\|snake charmer]], using a 25-foot python in her act. She later became a criminal, using a gigantic snake under her mental control to commit crimes as Princess Python, part of the [[Circus of Crime]].<ref>{{cite book \|last=Rovin \|first=Jeff \|title=[[The Encyclopedia of Super-Villains]] \|date=1987 \|publisher=Facts on File \|isbn=0-8160-1356-X \|location=New York \|page=273 \|authorlink=Jeff Rovin}}[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsu0000rovi_h5r9/page/272/mode/2up]</ref> DuBois and the Circus are part of a group of villains that interrupt the wedding of [[Avengers (comics)\|Avengers]] [[Henry Pym\|Yellowjacket]] and the [[Wasp (comics)\|Wasp]]. She later becomes a member of the [[Serpent Squad]] as well as its successor the [[Serpent Society]], but leaves the group as she is not a killer. She later rejoins the Circus, but then ends up in a romantic relationship with [[Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)\|Johnny Blaze]], former Ghost Rider, until they are attacked by [[Arcade (Marvel Comics)\|Arcade]]. DuBois has been married to both [[Stilt-Man]] and [[Gibbon (comics)\|Gibbon]] and was later revealed to be the mother of [[Executioner (comics)#Daniel DuBois\|Executioner]] from the [[Young Masters]], although her son is not aware of his mother's alter ego. In 2015, Princess Python became a member of Serpent Solutions as part of the ''[[All-New, All-Different Marvel]]''. ==Fictional character biography== Zelda DuBois, born in [[Darlington, South Carolina]], developed an act as a [[Snake charming\|snake charmer]] and circus performer using a twenty-five foot python as a young adult. Presumably, she joined the Circus of Crime in its early days but isn't actually seen as a professional criminal until the formation of the Masters of Menace. It is, in fact, the Princess who convinces the others to get rid of the [[Ringmaster (comics)\|Ringmaster]], appoint the Clown as the leader, rename the group (she comes up with the name), and go out on a crime spree of their own. The Masters of Menace steal paintings from a Madison Avenue art gallery where they run afoul of [[Spider-Man]]. However, the web-slinger is unwilling to hit a woman and turns out to be putty in Zelda's hands. She tries to remove his mask but he stops her in time. She maneuvers the wall-crawler into a fight with her pet after jamming his web shooters with an electric prod, but is defeated when Spider-Man tricks the python into a knot and maneuvers her into the arms of the law.<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' #22</ref> When they get out of prison, the Masters of Menace agree to rejoin the Ringmaster and his Circus of Crime. They try to hypnotize Avengers members [[Hawkeye (Clint Barton)\|Hawkeye]], [[Quicksilver (comics)\|Quicksilver]], and the [[Scarlet Witch]] into joining them but fail. Princess Python fights hand-to-hand with the Scarlet Witch after trying to cover her eyes, but loses when the Witch uses her hex power to soak her down with water, preventing her whistling for her pet. The Circus of Crime does escape capture, however, though it is later mentioned the D.A. "wormed the truth out of Princess Python".<ref>''The Avengers'' #22</ref> The Circus next schemes to steal a huge golden bull but they need a new strong man to replace theirs since "he strained himself trying to lift the elephant". They find the Mighty [[Thor (Marvel Comics)\|Thor]] who has been stripped of his godly power but is still superhumanly strong. Thor is hypnotized into stealing the massive golden bull but Princess Python is trapped under the idol in the melee that follows. Thor rescues her. The grateful and somewhat smitten Princess tells the police that Thor was duped into helping them before she uses her snake to escape and rejoin the Circus.<ref>''The Mighty Thor'' #145-147</ref> In their next caper, the Circus disguises themselves as caterers in order to sneak into [[Avengers Mansion]] so they can disrupt the wedding of [[Henry Pym\|Yellowjacket]] and the [[Wasp (comics)\|Wasp]]. Zelda's giant python jumps out of the wedding cake and puts the squeeze on the Wasp. But Yellowjacket turns out to be Hank Pym (which no one knew at the time) and he disrupts the plan by turning into Giant-Man, yanking the python off of the Wasp and tying it around the Ringmaster instead. Princess Python tries to sneak away, only to be decked by a punch from the Wasp.<ref>''The Avengers'' #60</ref> The Circus then sets up a scheme that involves enlisting a mind-controlled [[Ulik]] the Troll as an accomplice. Thor thwarts the plan and ties Zelda up with her own python in the process.<ref>''The Mighty Thor'' #173</ref> At this point, the Princess strikes out on her own. She goes to [[Stark Industries]] and manages an opportunity to get her python around Tony Stark. She tells the world that she wants "one million dollars and a jet plane to South America" or Stark dies. Stark, secretly Iron Man, frees himself by using his chest-plate to shock the snake. This isn't good enough. According to Zelda, her "precious" has been specially bred to be able to crush Iron Man's armor. The python nearly does so until Iron Man kills it by tossing it in a vat of acid. Zelda is so distraught over the death of her pet that she jumps in after it, only to be saved by Iron Man before she hits the acid. Iron Man, clearly not a pet lover, suggests the Princess be "taken care of by good doctors" because of her excessive hatred of him over the death of her snake.<ref>''The Invincible Iron Man'' #50</ref> Apparently, the Princess gets away from those doctors. The Princess acquires a new trained python and gets recruited by [[Viper (Marvel Comics)\|Viper]] to start a new Serpent Squad. Zelda breaks the [[Cobra (Marvel Comics)\|Cobra]] and the [[Eel (comics)\|Eel]] out of jail and they all battle [[Captain America]] in his Nomad identity. Eventually they are joined by [[Krang (Marvel Comics)\|Warlord Krang]] who is in possession of the [[Serpent Crown]] and the whole thing ends up involving the [[Namor the Sub-Mariner\|Sub-Mariner]] and [[Roxxon Oil]]. The Princess is defeated and led off to jail.<ref>''Captain America'' #180-181</ref> She is back with the Circus of Crime soon after, but she and the Circus are defeated by Daredevil.<ref>''Daredevil'' #118</ref> But the Circus never makes it to jail. They are freed from a prison wagon on its way to the penitentiary by [[Live Wire (Marvel Comics)\|Live Wire]] who then joins the group.<ref>''Power Man'' #24</ref> But she ends up back with the Circus when the group captures [[Luke Cage]]. Zelda finds herself attracted to Luke which doesn't please Luke's girlfriend [[Claire Temple]]. With the help of [[Bill Foster (comics)\|Black Goliath]], Luke Cage defeats the Circus. Zelda is stopped when Luke's pal [[D.W. Griffith (comics)\|D.W. Griffith]] hypnotizes her with the Ringmaster's hat.<ref>''Power Man'' #25</ref> With the Circus of Crime, Princess Python captures the sea-nymph Meriam, and fights the [[Hulk]].<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #217</ref> The Circus reaches its lowest point when it tries to enlist [[Howard the Duck]] as an unwilling accomplice, but he defeats them with help from Iris Raritan. Zelda gets bitten on the nose by Howard and runs away sobbing.<ref>''Howard the Duck'' #25-27</ref> There is an adventure involving the [[Thing (comics)\|Thing]], [[Iceman (Marvel Comics)\|Iceman]], and the former Black Goliath now calling himself Giant-Man,<ref>''Marvel Two-in-One'' #76</ref> and another involving the mind-controlled Hulk and [[Dragon Man (comics)\|Dragon Man]].<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #292</ref> Then [[Death Adder (comics)\|Death Adder]] recruits Zelda to join the Serpent Society and she attends an organizational meeting. The Society is led by [[Sidewinder (character)\|Sidewinder]] and its other members are [[Constrictor (comics)\|Constrictor]], [[Black Mamba (comics)\|Black Mamba]], [[Cottonmouth (Burchell Clemens)\|Cottonmouth]], [[Diamondback (Rachel Leighton)\|Diamondback]], [[Bushmaster (Marvel Comics)\|Bushmaster]], the Cobra, the [[Asp (comics)\|Asp]], the [[Rattler (comics)\|Rattler]], and [[Anaconda (comics)\|Anaconda]]. The Society is a longtime thorn in Captain America's side but the Princess decides to break away from the group when they are dispatched to kill [[MODOK]].<ref>''Captain America'' #309-311, 313</ref> She is captured and brought back, where she is questioned and tortured by Sidewinder.<ref>''Captain America'' #315</ref> She is sent to be ransomed back to the Circus of Crime, but Death Adder, who is delivering her, is killed by the [[Scourge of the Underworld]] before the transaction is complete.<ref>''Captain America'' #318</ref> Somehow, she finds her way back to the Circus where she is captured and defeated by the [[She-Hulk]].<ref>''The Sensational She-Hulk'' #1</ref> Princess Python then turns up as the master of ceremonies at the "power pageant" of [[Superia (comics)\|Superia]]'s Femizons, introducing all the members of the group to each other. She battles Captain America and [[Paladin (comics)\|Paladin]] when they board Superia's cruise ship.<ref>''Captain America'' #389-392</ref> Later, she gets refused admittance to the [[Bar With No Name]] by the bouncer ([[Angar the Screamer]]) because she won't check her python at the door.<ref>''Marvel Comics Presents'' #97</ref> Again with the Circus, she is thwarted by the [[Ben Reilly]] Spider-Man, Howard the Duck, and [[Gambit (Marvel Comics)\|Gambit]];<ref>''Spider-Man Team-Up'' #5</ref> [[Generation X (comics)\|Generation X]];<ref>''Generation X'' #32</ref> and the Peter Parker Spider-Man, [[Devil Dinosaur]] and [[Moon-Boy]].<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' Annual 1998</ref> Around this time, Zelda hooks up with Johnny Blaze, the former [[Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)\|Ghost Rider]], who operates the Quentin Carnival.<ref>''Blaze'' #2</ref> Python develops friendships among the crew and deep romantic feelings for Johnny. When there was trouble in a nearby trailer, she and Kody, a bear-man, rush over and succumb to knock-out gas set by the trailer's owner, the assassin known as [[Arcade (Marvel Comics)\|Arcade]]. While Johnny defeats Arcade, Kody drags her to safety.<ref>''Blaze'' #8</ref> Zelda and the other Masters of Menace (Clown, Cannonball and Gambonnos) resort to armed robbery in between their stints of running the Circus (without the Ringmaster who has gone straight). The Hulk busts up these plans but the Princess is not captured in the process. She remains free and at large.<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #470-471</ref> Following the ''[[Civil War (comics)\|Civil War]]'' storyline, Zelda makes the startling revelation that she had been married to [[Stilt-Man]] during the latter's funeral held by supervillains and former supervillains.<ref>''[[The Punisher War Journal]]'' (vol. 2) #4</ref> It was for her that a robot Doctor Doom was made to attend so as to convince her that Stilt-Man had been respected by some of the "major league" supervillains, and she also shares a sympathy dance with the [[Gibbon (comics)\|Gibbon]]. By the end of the issue, the bar that the wake is being held in is blown up by the Punisher. It'slater mentioned that "they all had to get their [[Gastric lavage\|stomachs pumped]] and be treated for [[Burn (injury)\|third-degree burns]]."<ref>''[[She-Hulk]]'' (vol. 2) #17</ref> It was subsequently revealed that she was blinded in the explosion, but she marries the Gibbon in order to be included on his insurance. Her original python [[Pythagoras]] had also gotten sick and died; however, Gibbon buys her a new python at the end of the story.<ref>''Punisher War Journal'' (vol. 2) #16</ref> At the beginning of the ''Marvel Apes'' storyline, the Gibbon admits that even if Zelda truly loved him in the past, currently she's fed up with the losing streak of her new husband, and so they part.<ref>''Marvel Apes'' #1</ref> At the end of ''[[Young Avengers\|Dark Reign: Young Avengers]]'' #2, Executioner of the [[Young Masters\|New Young Avengers]] call his mother on the phone to talk about [[Hawkeye (Kate Bishop)\|Kate Bishop]]. His mother turns out to be Princess Python.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #2</ref> Daniel seems unaware of Princess Python's costumed adventures, as their dialogue implies Daniel knows Zelda DuBois as a simple, but shady and rich, businesswoman. Princess Python pressures Daniel into contacting Kate Bishop, even setting him a large fund for his New Young Avengers/Young Masters of Evil.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #3</ref> In ''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #4, Daniel places a bomb in Zelda's car after learning of her supervillain past. Zelda is caught in the explosion and is apparently killed.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #4</ref> Princess Python turns up alive and appears as a member of Max Fury's new [[Masters of Evil]] line-up that serves the [[Shadow Council]]. During this time, she has a new python to replace the one that died.<ref>''Secret Avengers'' #21.1</ref> As part of the ''[[All-New, All-Different Marvel]]'' event, Princess Python appears as a member of [[Viper (Marvel Comics)\|Viper]]'s Serpent Society under its new name of Serpent Solutions.<ref>''Captain America: Sam Wilson'' #4</ref> During the "Opening Salvo" part of the ''[[Secret Empire (2017 comic)\|Secret Empire]]'' storyline, Princess Python is with Serpent Solutions at the time when they are recruited by [[Helmut Zemo\|Baron Helmut Zemo]] to join the Army of Evil.<ref>''Captain America: Steve Rogers'' #16</ref> Princess Python is among several animal-themed supervillains captured and hunted by [[Kraven the Hunter]].<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' #18.HU (2019). Marvel Comics.</ref> ==Powers and abilities== Princess Python has no super human powers but she is a trained athlete and an extremely talented snake charmer and handler. She usually carries a handheld electric cattle prod capable of discharging 1,000 volts. Princess Python has a {{convert\|25\|ft\|m\|adj=on}} trained pet [[African rock python\|rock python]]. She has had more than one such snake in her criminal career. ==Other versions== ===Ruins=== The ''[[Ruins (comics)\|Ruins]]'' version of Princess Python is a performer for the [[Quintano]] Carnival, America's last [[freak show]], and it is implied that her act consists of indulging in [[Zoophilia\|bestiality]] with her python.<ref>{{Cite comic\|writer = Warren Ellis\|penciller = Cliff Nielsen, Terese Nielsen, and Chris Moeller\|inker = Cliff Nielsen, Terese Nielsen, and Chris Moeller\|title = Ruins\|volume = 1\|issue = #2\|date = September 1995\|publisher = Marvel Comics\|location = United States}}</ref> ===Ultimate Marvel=== Princess Python appears in the [[Ultimate Marvel]] universe as a member of the all-female [[Serpent Squad]]. Unlike her [[Earth-616]] version, this version has super-strength and is able to knock a piece of the [[Thing (comics)\|Thing]]'s body off him.<ref>''Ultimate Power'' #1</ref> ===Marvel Super Hero Adventures=== In this comic book series aimed at young children, Princess Python appears as a member of the Serpent Society. Alongside her teammates, Python battles [[Ms. Marvel (Kamala Khan)\|Ms. Marvel]], Spider-Man, and the Society's newest recruit, Garden Snake.<ref>''Marvel Super Hero Adventures: Ms. Marvel and the Teleporting Dog'' #1 (2018)</ref> ==In other media== Princess Python appears in the ''[[Avengers Assemble (TV series)\|Avengers Assemble]]'' episode "Crime and Circuses", voiced by [[Hynden Walch]]. This version is a former member of the Circus of Crime who assists Hawkeye and [[Falcon (comics)\|Falcon]] in battling the Ringmaster. After the Circus of Crime are defeated and arrested, Hawkeye brings Princess Python to [[Nick Fury]] for a second chance at life. ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.marvel.com/universe/Princess_Python Princess Python] at Marvel.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050608080041/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/2855/princess.html Princess Python's Profile at the Women of Marvel Comics] * {{Marveldatabase}} {{Captain America characters}} {{Stan Lee}} {{Steve Ditko}} [[Category:Comics characters introduced in 1965]] [[Category:Characters created by Stan Lee]] [[Category:Characters created by Steve Ditko]] [[Category:Fictional characters from South Carolina]] [[Category:Marvel Comics female supervillains]] [[Category:Marvel Comics supervillains]]	1,288,277,512	[{"title": "Publication information", "data": {"Publisher": "Marvel Comics", "First appearance": "The Amazing Spider-Man #22 (March 1965)", "Created by": "Stan Lee \u00b7 Steve Ditko"}}, {"title": "In-story information", "data": {"Alter ego": "Zelda DuBois", "Species": "Human", "Team affiliations": "Circus of Crime \u00b7 Femizons \u00b7 Serpent Squad \u00b7 Serpent Society", "Abilities": "Trained athlete \u00b7 Extremely talented snake charmer and handler \u00b7 Carries a hand held, electric cattle prod \u00b7 Use of pet snakes as sidekicks"}}]	false
# Mobile forms A mobile form is an electronic or digital form application that functions on a smartphone or tablet device. Mobile forms enable users to collect data using mobile devices, and then to send the results back to the source. Mobile forms exist to replace paper forms as a more productive means of data collection, eliminating the need to transcribe or scan paper data results into a back office system. Depending on the mobile form application provider, some mobile form solutions allow offices to dispatch data to mobile form applications. In addition, other mobile form applications can be connected with various cloud services, servers, and social media platforms. Depending on the business, the motivating factors to deploying mobile forms may vary. Some businesses implement mobile forms to speed up processes, while others institute mobile forms with field users to reduce costs associated with transporting paper forms back and forth. Furthermore, green-minded businesses implement mobile forms in order to be more environmentally friendly, thus reducing their reliance on paper, ink printing, and subsequent waste. Advanced mobile form features include signature capture, bar code capture, photo capture, GPS location form info, time form info, and skip logic. ## Location-based Mobile Forms Location-based mobile forms are applications that associate a specific GPS location to the form data. Theses types of application fall into the category of data collection systems and are used by field personnel to collect data at precise locations in the field. Data collected with these applications is georeferenced and is can be transferred to geographic information systems for further data analysis. Location-based mobile forms act as a bridge between field personnel and geomatics specialists. Uses for mobile forms include: - Safety inspections - Work orders - Expense reports - Inventory reports - Merchandise requisition - Invoicing - Environmental surveying	enwiki/39207065	enwiki	39,207,065	Mobile forms	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_forms	2021-05-06T22:27:07Z	en	Q17090960	17,712	{{Multiple issues\| {{refimprove\|date=September 2018}} {{more footnotes\|date=July 2013}} }} A '''mobile form''' is an electronic or digital form application that functions on a [[smartphone]] or [[Tablet computer\|tablet device]]. Mobile forms enable users to collect [[data]] using [[mobile device]]s, and then to send the results back to the source. Mobile forms exist to replace paper forms as a more productive means of [[data collection]], eliminating the need to [[Transcription (linguistics)\|transcribe]] or scan paper data results into a back office system. Depending on the [[mobile form]] [[App (computing)\|application]] provider, some mobile form solutions allow offices to dispatch data to mobile form applications. In addition, other mobile form applications can be connected with various [[cloud service]]s, [[Server (computing)\|servers]], and [[social media platform]]s. Depending on the business, the motivating factors to deploying mobile forms may vary. Some businesses implement mobile forms to speed up processes, while others institute mobile forms with field users to reduce [[cost]]s associated with transporting paper forms back and forth. Furthermore, [[Green business\|green-minded businesses]] implement mobile forms in order to be more environmentally friendly, thus reducing their reliance on paper, ink printing, and subsequent waste. Advanced mobile form features include [[signature]] capture, [[bar code]] capture, photo capture, [[GPS]] location form info, time form info, and skip logic.{{citation needed\|date=January 2016}} == Location-based Mobile Forms == Location-based mobile forms are [[App (computing)\|application]]s that associate a specific [[GPS]] location to the form data. Theses types of application fall into the category of [[data collection system]]s and are used by field personnel to collect data at precise locations in the field. Data collected with these applications is [[georeference]]d and is can be transferred to [[geographic information system]]s for further [[data analysis]]. Location-based mobile forms act as a bridge between field personnel and [[geomatics]] specialists. Uses for mobile forms include: * [[Safety inspection]]s * [[Work order]]s * [[Expense report]]s * [[Inventory]] reports * [[Merchandise]] requisition * [[Invoice\|Invoicing]] * [[Environmental surveying]] [[Category:Mobile technology]]	1,021,829,833	[]	false
# Triplax dissimulator Triplax dissimulator is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is found in North America.	enwiki/57216480	enwiki	57,216,480	Triplax dissimulator	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triplax_dissimulator	2019-09-23T11:44:04Z	en	Q14928462	35,270	{{short description\|Species of beetle}} {{Speciesbox \| genus = Triplax \| species = dissimulator \| authority = (Crotch, 1873) }} '''''Triplax dissimulator''''' is a species of [[pleasing fungus beetle]] in the family [[Erotylidae]]. It is found in North America.<ref name=itis/><ref name=gbif/><ref name=buglink/> ==References== {{Reflist\|refs= <ref name=itis> {{Cite web\| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' Report \| url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=697055 \| website=Integrated Taxonomic Information System \| accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> <ref name=gbif> {{Cite web\| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' \| url=https://www.gbif.org/species/1042648 \| website=GBIF \| accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> <ref name=buglink> {{Cite web\| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' species Information \| url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/302424 \| website=BugGuide.net \| accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> }} ==Further reading== {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book \| title = Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 4: Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea \| date = 2007 \| editor-last1 = Lobl \| editor-first1 = I. \| editor-last2 = Smetana \| editor-first2 = A. \| publisher = Apollo Books \| isbn = 978-8788757675 }} {{refend}} {{Taxonbar\|from=Q14928462}} [[Category:Erotylidae]] [[Category:Articles created by Qbugbot]] [[Category:Beetles described in 1873]] {{erotylidae-stub}}	917,341,776	[{"title": "Scientific classification", "data": {"Domain": "Eukaryota", "Kingdom": "Animalia", "Phylum": "Arthropoda", "Class": "Insecta", "Order": "Coleoptera", "Suborder": "Polyphaga", "Infraorder": "Cucujiformia", "Family": "Erotylidae", "Genus": "Triplax", "Species": "T. dissimulator"}}, {"title": "Binomial name", "data": {"Binomial name": "Triplax dissimulator \u00b7 (Crotch, 1873)"}}]	false
# Popular referendum A popular referendum, depending on jurisdiction also known as a citizens' veto, people's veto, veto referendum, citizen referendum, abrogative referendum, rejective referendum, suspensive referendum, and statute referendum, is a type of a referendum that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote (plebiscite) on an existing statute, constitutional amendment, charter amendment, or ordinance; in its minimal form, it simply obliges the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day. It is a form of direct democracy. Unlike a popular initiative or legislative referendum that allows voters to suggest new legislation, a popular referendum allows them to suggest repealing existing legislation. As with an initiative, a popular referendum is held after a given number of signatures supporting it have been submitted to the authorities; in some cases, such a referendum may also be initiated by regional authorities. Depending on local legislation, the popular referendum may be implemented only in a short window of time after the legislation has been passed; in others it may be used to defeat any existing legislation. Specific details on the applicable procedure such as the number of signatures, whether there is a time limit and its duration on when the popular referendum may be passed, and the body to which they must be submitted vary from country to country, and in the United States from state to state. Supporters of the popular referendum point out that it is a safeguard against special interests taking over, and protects the rights of minorities. Critics point out that popular referendums have a higher voter turnout by people who have strong feelings about the issue at hand, and as such, it empowers special interests. ## Worldwide implementation ### Europe Thirty countries allow for referendum initiated by the population on the national level In Europe the popular referendum (commonly known as abrogative referendum) was first introduced in Switzerland in St. Gallen canton in 1831, and was introduced to the whole country known as the optional referendum. It now exists in Albania, Denmark (since 1953), Italy (since 1970), Malta, Russia and Switzerland (since 1874). In 1975, the United Kingdom held its first EU membership referendum, where 67.2% voted to remain in the European Economic Community, reaffirming the UK’s place in Europe. In 2005, France held a referendum on the proposed European Constitution, which was rejected by 54.7% of voters, significantly impacting the EU’s plans for deeper integration. In 2014, Scotland held an independence referendum, with 55.3% voting to remain part of the United Kingdom, maintaining the union between Scotland and the rest of the UK. ### Latin America In 1988, Chile held a national plebiscite where voters rejected extending General Augusto Pinochet's rule for another eight years, paving the way for democratic elections and ending the dictatorship. In 1999, Venezuela held a constitutional referendum under President Hugo Chávez, resulting in the approval of a new constitution that expanded presidential powers and altered the political structure of the country. In 2016, Colombia held a peace agreement referendum aimed at ending decades of conflict with FARC guerrillas. The agreement was narrowly rejected, leading to further negotiations. In 2019, Cuba held a constitutional referendum that adopted a new constitution recognizing private property and introducing presidential term limits, marking significant shifts in its socialist framework. ### United States In the United States, such a process exists, as of May 2009, in 23 states and one territory: Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The popular referendum was first introduced in the United States by South Dakota in 1898, and first used in the United States in 1906, in Oregon, two years after the initiative was used (in 1904, also in Oregon). ### Africa In 1992, South Africa held a historic referendum in which white voters supported ending apartheid, paving the way for democratic reforms and multiracial governance in the country. In 2011, South Sudan held a historic independence referendum where an overwhelming majority voted for secession from Sudan, leading to the creation of the Republic of South Sudan as a sovereign nation. In 2015, Rwanda held a constitutional referendum that allowed President Paul Kagame to potentially remain in power until 2034, raising debates about the balance between stability and democratic principles. In 2023, the Central African Republic held a referendum on constitutional changes potentially allowing President Faustin-Archange Touadéra to extend his time in office, a move that raised concerns about democratic backsliding.	enwiki/12421217	enwiki	12,421,217	Popular referendum	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_referendum	2025-05-28T08:34:18Z	en	Q331513	106,734	{{Short description\|Referendum to repeal a new or existing law}} {{Distinguish\|Popular initiative}} [[File:Carte des référendums d'origine populaire 2019.png\|thumb\|401px\|Popular referendum: {{legend\|#0868AC\|Available on national level}} {{legend\|#4EB3D3\|Available on subnational level only}}]] {{Direct Democracy}} A '''popular referendum''', depending on jurisdiction also known as a '''citizens' veto''', '''people's veto''', '''veto referendum''', '''citizen referendum''', '''abrogative referendum''', '''rejective referendum''', '''suspensive referendum''', and '''statute referendum''',<ref>[http://www.ballot.org/pages/initiative_process Initiative Process] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309044311/http://www.ballot.org/pages/initiative_process \|date=2010-03-09 }}, ballot.org</ref><ref name=ms>{{Cite journal \| last = Setälä \| first = Maija \| title = Referendums in Western Europe – a wave of direct democracy? \| journal = [[Scandinavian Political Studies]] \| volume = 22 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 327–340 \| doi = 10.1111/1467-9477.00022 \| date = December 1999 \| doi-access = free }} [https://tidsskrift.dk/index.php/scandinavian_political_studies/article/viewFile/13392/25529 Full text.]</ref><ref name=ms2>Maija Setälä, [http://www.jyu.fi/yhtfil/redescriptions/Yearbook%201998/Setala%201998.pdf Referendum, Agenda-Setting and Models of Democracy: Majority Rule in Different Models of Democracy]</ref> is a type of a [[referendum]] that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote ([[plebiscite]]) on an existing [[statute]], [[constitutional amendment]], [[Municipal charter\|charter amendment]], or [[local ordinance\|ordinance]]; in its minimal form, it simply obliges the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day.<ref name=ncsl>[http://www.ncsl.org/LegislaturesElections/ElectionsCampaigns/InitiativeReferendumandRecallOverview/tabid/16600/Default.aspx Initiative, Referendum and Recall], NCSL.org</ref><ref name=nne3>National new era, No.18, Volume XX, The New Era Co., May 1, 1903, p.3 [https://books.google.com/books?id=YmoSAAAAIAAJ&q=%22People's+veto%22 Google Print, full view]</ref> It is a form of [[direct democracy]].<ref name=sun>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qyQgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iGoFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2856,4236042&dq=people's+veto+history&hl=en Veto], Sun Journal - Oct 23, 1999</ref> Unlike a [[popular initiative]] or legislative referendum that allows voters to suggest new legislation, a popular referendum allows them to suggest repealing existing legislation.<ref name=ncsl/><ref name=nne3/> As with an initiative, a popular referendum is held after a given number of signatures supporting it have been submitted to the authorities; in some cases, such a referendum may also be initiated by regional authorities.<ref name=ms2/><ref name=sun/> Depending on local legislation, the popular referendum may be implemented only in a short window of time after the legislation has been passed; in others it may be used to defeat any existing legislation.<ref name=ms2/><ref name=ace>[http://aceproject.org/ace-en/focus/direct-democracy/referendums Referendums], ACE Encyclopedia, Electoral Knowledge Network</ref><ref>David Butler, Austin Ranney, ''Referendums around the world: the growing use of direct democracy'', American Enterprise Institute, 1994, {{ISBN\|0-8447-3853-0}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=GXV-HFnk_9wC&dq=%22abrogative+referendum%22++-wiki+-wikipedia&pg=PA63 Google Print, p.63]</ref> Specific details on the applicable procedure such as the number of signatures, whether there is a time limit and its duration on when the popular referendum may be passed, and the body to which they must be submitted vary from country to country, and in the United States from state to state. Supporters of the popular referendum point out that it is a safeguard against special interests taking over, and protects the rights of minorities.<ref name=ms/><ref name=sun/> Critics point out that popular referendums have a higher [[voter turnout]] by people who have strong feelings about the issue at hand, and as such, it empowers special interests.<ref name=sun/> ==Worldwide implementation== {{Update section\|date=December 2018 }} === Europe === Thirty countries allow for referendum initiated by the population on the national level<ref>[https://www.direct-democracy-navigator.org/democratic_instruments/popular-or-citizens-initiative/legal_designs Popular or citizens initiative: Legal Designs] </ref> In Europe the popular referendum (commonly known as abrogative referendum) was first introduced in [[Switzerland]] in [[St. Gallen]] canton in 1831, and was introduced to the whole country known as the [[optional referendum]].<ref>{{in lang\|pl}} [http://pedrou.w.interia.pl/demokracja.htm Demokracja bezpośrednia i semibezpośrednia] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806000516/http://pedrou.w.interia.pl/demokracja.htm \|date=2015-08-06 }}</ref> It now exists in [[Albania]],<ref name="europe">Pierre Garrone, [http://www.stjornarskra.is/media/stjornarskra/PG_speech_rev.pdf Referenda in Europe] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722022115/http://www.stjornarskra.is/media/stjornarskra/PG_speech_rev.pdf \|date=2011-07-22 }}, Council of Europe</ref><ref name="coe">[http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2005/CDL-EL(2005)020prov-e.asp Study on Referendum] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117092612/http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2005/CDL-EL(2005)020prov-e.asp \|date=2013-01-17 }}, European Commission for Democracy Through Law (Venice Commission)</ref> [[Denmark]] (since 1953),<ref name="ms" /> [[Italy]] (since 1970),<ref name="ms" /><ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> [[Malta]],<ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> [[Russia]]<ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> and [[Switzerland]] (since 1874).<ref name="ms" /><ref> {{cite book \| last = Venice Commission \| author-link = Venice Commission \| title = Referendums in Europe - an analysis of the legal rules in European States \| url = http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2005)034-e \| id = CDL–AD(2005)034 \| publisher = [[Venice Commission\|European Commission for Democracy through Law]] \| date = 20 October 2005 }} Report adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections at its 14th meeting.</ref> In [[1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum\|1975]], the [[United Kingdom]] held its first [[European Union\|EU]] membership referendum, where 67.2% voted to remain in the [[European Economic Community]], reaffirming the UK’s place in Europe.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=1975-04-26 \|title=1975: Labour votes to leave the EEC \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/26/newsid_2503000/2503155.stm \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2005 French European Constitution referendum\|2005]], [[France]] held a referendum on the proposed [[European Constitution]], which was rejected by 54.7% of voters, significantly impacting the EU’s plans for deeper integration.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2005-03-02 \|title=EUbusiness - French lawmakers vote opens way for referendum on EU constitution \|url=http://www.eubusiness.com/afp/050228152840.k0qnri6d \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050302005428/http://www.eubusiness.com/afp/050228152840.k0qnri6d \|archive-date=2 March 2005 }}</ref> In [[2014 Scottish independence referendum\|2014]], [[Scotland]] held an independence referendum, with 55.3% voting to remain part of the United Kingdom, maintaining the union between Scotland and the rest of the UK.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=graphitas \|date=2014-09-19 \|title=How Scotland voted, and why \|url=https://lordashcroftpolls.com/2014/09/scotland-voted/ \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|website=Lord Ashcroft Polls \|language=en-US}}</ref> === Latin America === In [[1988 Chilean presidential referendum\|1988]], [[Chile]] held a national plebiscite where voters rejected extending [[Augusto Pinochet\|General Augusto Pinochet]]'s rule for another eight years, paving the way for democratic elections and ending the dictatorship.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2012-09-12 \|title=Chile court confirms Salvador Allende committed suicide \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-19567445 \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|work=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[1999 Venezuelan Constitution\|1999]], [[Venezuela]] held a constitutional referendum under President [[Hugo Chávez]], resulting in the approval of a new constitution that expanded presidential powers and altered the political structure of the country.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2007-11-30 \|title=Q&A: Venezuela's referendum \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7119371.stm \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2016 Colombian peace agreement referendum\|2016]], [[Colombia]] held a peace agreement referendum aimed at ending decades of conflict with FARC guerrillas. The agreement was narrowly rejected, leading to further negotiations.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2016-10-02 \|title=Colombia referendum: Voters reject Farc peace deal \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-37537252 \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|work=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2019 Cuban constitutional referendum\|2019]], [[Cuba]] held a constitutional referendum that adopted a new constitution recognizing private property and introducing presidential term limits, marking significant shifts in its socialist framework.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2018-07-15 \|title=Cuba to recognise private property under new constitution \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-44836358 \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|work=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> === United States === {{main\|Initiatives and referendums in the United States}} In the [[United States]], such a process exists, as of May 2009, in 23 states and one territory: [[Alaska]], [[Arizona]], [[Arkansas]], [[California]], [[Colorado]], [[Idaho]], [[Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Michigan]], [[Missouri]], [[Montana]], [[Nebraska]], [[Nevada]], [[New Mexico]], [[North Dakota]], [[Ohio]], [[Oklahoma]], [[Oregon]], [[South Dakota]], [[Utah]], [[Washington (state)\|Washington]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Wyoming]] and the [[U.S. Virgin Islands]].<ref name=ncsl/><ref>[http://www.ballot.org/page/-/ballot.org/maps/Initiative%20states.pdf States that allow for the Ballot Initiative Process] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723110403/http://www.ballot.org/page/-/ballot.org/maps/Initiative%20states.pdf \|date=2011-07-23 }}, ballot.org</ref><ref>[http://www.ncsl.org/Default.aspx?TabId=16589 Initiative and Referendum States]</ref> The popular referendum was first introduced in the United States by [[South Dakota]] in 1898,<ref>Arthur N. Holcombe, ''State Government in the United States'', Read Books, 2007, {{ISBN\|1-4067-7154-6}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M2NgAj4nFOwC&dq=%22popular+referendum%22&pg=PA538 Google Print, p.141]</ref> and first used in the United States in 1906, in [[Oregon]], two years after the [[Popular initiative\|initiative]] was used (in 1904, also in Oregon).<ref>Arthur N. Holcombe, ''State Government in the United States'', Read Books, 2007, {{ISBN\|1-4067-7154-6}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M2NgAj4nFOwC&dq=%22popular+referendum%22&pg=PA538 Google Print, p.529]</ref> === Africa === In [[1992 South African apartheid referendum\|1992]], [[South Africa]] held a historic referendum in which white voters supported ending apartheid, paving the way for democratic reforms and multiracial governance in the country.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Strauss \|first=Annette \|date=June 1993 \|title=The 1992 Referendum in South Africa \|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/abs/1992-referendum-in-south-africa/8061F89B59C97428629DE9624F7DF35D \|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies \|language=en \|volume=31 \|issue=2 \|pages=339–360 \|doi=10.1017/S0022278X00011964 \|issn=1469-7777\|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In [[2011 South Sudanese independence referendum\|2011]], [[South Sudan]] held a historic independence referendum where an overwhelming majority voted for secession from Sudan, leading to the creation of the Republic of South Sudan as a sovereign nation.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2011-01-30 \|title=South Sudan referendum: 99% vote for independence \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-12317927 \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|work=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2015 Rwandan constitutional referendum\|2015]], Rwanda held a constitutional referendum that allowed President Paul Kagame to potentially remain in power until 2034, raising debates about the balance between stability and democratic principles.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=2015-12-09 \|title=Paul Kagame's third term: Rwanda referendum on 18 December \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35049885 \|access-date=2024-12-02 \|work=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> In 2023, the Central African Republic held a referendum on constitutional changes potentially allowing President [[Faustin-Archange Touadéra]] to extend his time in office, a move that raised concerns about democratic backsliding.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-06-05 \|title=Central African Republic: Referendum Poses Risks {{!}} Human Rights Watch \|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/06/05/central-african-republic-referendum-poses-risks \|access-date=2024-10-30 \|language=en}}</ref> ==See also== * [[Popular initiative\|Initiative]] * [[Legislative referral]] * [[Recall election]] ==References== {{Reflist\|2}} [[Category:Direct democracy]] [[Category:Referendums]]	1,292,690,198	[]	false
# Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior The Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior are a congregation of Traditional Catholic religious sisters, founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly. Their convents and missions are not recognized by the Vatican or their local archdioceses, however, they still refer to themselves as Roman Catholics. The congregation and motherhouse are based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in Round Top, New York, with additional convents in Melville, New York and White Bear Lake, Minnesota. As Traditional Catholics, the congregation does not adhere to the modern practices of the Second Vatican Council. They are closely associated with the Society of Saint Pius V, a society of priests which still perform traditional Tridentine Mass, also co-founded by Rev. Kelly. Outside of their convents, the congregation maintains a network of missions, including schools and churches, which promote Traditional Catholicism. They also have released music albums of traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The congregation has received mixed reception in the commentary made about them, with positive feedback revolving around good student behavior at their St. Anne's Chapel and Academy location, and negative feedback from some individuals' perception of the group as a cult, a characterization they firmly deny despite some evidence showing otherwise. The congregation has also been the subject of news coverage for a 1988 alleged kidnapping case, in which a sister was taken from a convent by her family, and for a 2009 fraud lawsuit they filed over the sale of a valuable artwork. The lawsuit was later lost, leading the congregation to pay damages for defamation. ## Structure The Daughters of Mary are a small, semi-contemplative congregation which practices Traditional Catholicism, specifically, the rules of the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II) in 1962. They were founded by Traditional Catholic priest Rev. Clarence Kelly, who did not have the canonical authority to establish a religious congregation. As such, the congregation has no canonical status in the Roman Catholic Church, and is not recognized by the Vatican or their local archdioceses. Nonetheless, the congregation refers to themself as Roman Catholic. They are closely associated with the Society of Saint Pius V, a group of priests who still perform traditional Tridentine Mass. This society of priests was led by Rev. Clarence Kelly, the same person who founded the congregation. Kelly believed the direction the Traditionalist Catholic Church was being led by excommunicated-French Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre was too liberal. The congregation is based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in Round Top, New York, with the location including the congregation's motherhouse, with additional convents located nationally in Melville, New York on Long Island, and St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in White Bear Lake, Minnesota. The congregation considers themselves to be following true Roman Catholicism, and likewise doesn't prefer the word "schism" to describe their separation from the modern-day Vatican, despite the word being technically accurate. The congregation members are "sisters", not "nuns", as they are not cloistered. ## Apostolate and works The congregation defines themselves by their act of Consecration to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, for which prayers of thanks are offered for at least one hour each day. Inside of their convents, the day begins at 6 am with singing and chanting of the Liturgy of the Hours each morning, and a compline consisting of prayers and Psalms nightly. The congregation often partakes in prayer and reflection, studying, and visiting the sick, alongside recreation including board games, cards, chores, sports, and walks. The sisters are also to remain in full religious habit at all times, even when away from the convent shopping or partaking more extreme recreation like motorboating. The purpose of this has been stated to draw attention to them and their cause, as well penance for what they see as immodesty of the modern day. At least in 1988, the sisters also observed silence during meals and were to see their families only four times a year, which was traditional for pre-Vatican II convents. Outside of their convents, the congregation's primary responsibilities revolve around maintaining their network of missions including churches and schools. These missions include: a church named St. Gertrude's in Sharonville, Ohio alongside a school named St. Gertrude's Academy, a church and rectory in Oyster Bay, New York, a large building which houses some of the sisters who work as teachers in East Meadow, New York, and a grades 1–12 school centered around the principles of the Society of Saint Pius V in Wantagh, New York. the congregation also maintains smaller and more makeshift missions including: preforming a Tridentine Mass at the Warwick New York Hotel in midtown Manhattan each Sunday. Below the three convents of the congregation are described. ### St. Joseph's Novitiate The St. Joseph's Novitiate location in Round Top, New York, is the congregation's first location, and contains the main motherhouse of the congregation. Converted from a rundown 14 acres (5.7 ha) resort, the sisters originally lived in a 100-year-old guest house on the site, but worshipped at a newly-built church made out of cedar wood. In 1988, the location consisted of the church and three wooden buildings, one of which housed Rev. Clarence Kelly and the other two the convent. Several more wooden buildings were under construction at this time to serve as new housing for the convent, and a graveyard. ### Long Island convent The congregation's second location in Melville, New York, opened no later than 1988. It primarily involves itself in maintaining their nearby network of mission locations described above, possibly including: the Society of Saint Pius V grades 1–12 school in Wantagh, the church and rectory in Oyster Bay, and the houses for sisters in East Meadow, all in Nassau County, Long Island. The Long Island convent was also the one involved in the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle lawsuit. ### St. Anne's Chapel and Academy The congregation has a church and school at St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in White Bear Lake, Minnesota, which consists of a number of plain gray buildings, one of which houses a small grades 1–12 school building. The school, which is taught by the sisters of the congregation, includes classes on topics such as religion, church history, French, and physics. The school participates in a number of extracurriculars including regular chores and a yearly spring concert, which in the past has included non-Catholic music from plays like The Sound of Music and The Jungle Book. On the schools playground during recess, the sisters also participate in games such as basketball dodgeball, jump rope, soccer, tennis, and volleyball, the sight of which has been known to slow traffic on County Road E. which overlooks the playground. Guidelines for the students generally forbid them from watching P-13 and R-rated movies, vulgar music, and, at least during 2006, using the internet without a parent. The school requires school uniforms. In 2006, the school consisted of 60 students and seven sisters, with an annual tuition payment of US$900 to $1,300. As for the chapel, a daily mass in Latin is held in which the schoolchildren are required to attend. The pews are separated by gender, and often include confession afterwards. As is the congregation as a whole, the church is not recognized by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, or listed on their registries. ## History The congregation was founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly after he purchased a14 acres (5.7 ha) rundown resort in the Catskill Mountains for $99,000, which became the St. Joseph's Novitiate. The decision to make a congregation was made by Rev. Kelly after he and his fellow priest colleagues were expulsed from the Society of St. Pius X, and lacked the ordinary jurisdiction needed to make a legally-recognized religious congregation. The congregation was created in a way where the congregation, its apostolate, and its rules were to be decided by Rev. Kelly alone with no oversight from his fellow priest colleagues starting the congregation with him, much to their dismay. In 1988, four years after being founded, the congregation had a total of 21 members consisting of nine sisters and 12 priests associated with the Society of Saint Pius V. During this time, they maintained a network of 50 missions: including 20 churches and five school buildings. Their most successful missions were their school in Wantagh which maintained a total of 70 students, and their church and academy in Sharonville which averaged 800 worshipers on Sundays. In 2006, the total number of members increased to 49 members consisting of sisters and postulates. This increased again in 2016 to 68 members, and again in 2019 to 86 members. ### Alleged kidnapping of Sister Mary Cecelia On June 26, 1988, 22-year-old Sister Mary Cecelia of the congregation, previously Mary Sue Greve, was allegedly kidnapped by her family while on a walk with two other sisters. The incident took place just outside the congregation's main St. Joseph's Novitiate location, and was carried out by Cecelia's father, two brothers, and another man, who forced her into their car and drove away. Witnesses reported that she was screaming and kicking her legs out of the window as the car drove away. A sister from the congregation characterized the incident as violent, saying that Sister Mary Cecelia's head was banged on the car door several times while being put in the vehicle. The incident made national news, and was quickly investigated by the New York State Police and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), who located her within a few days back in her previous home in Cincinnati, Ohio. The incident had been planned by the sister's mother, Susan Greve, claiming she didn't want to 'lose' her only daughter to a convent, after previously losing one to a stillbirth. While the mother had originally introduced Sister Cecelia to the Society of Saint Pius V, she claimed her daughter did not have a vocation and was never happy in the congregation, supported by the decision of Sister Mary Cecelia who reportedly had decided to leave the congregation two weeks before the incident, at the time unbeknownst to her family. This argument was challenged by the congregation's head Rev. Clarence Kelly, who claimed Sister Cecelia had already spent nearly two years there, and had promised before God she knew she was free to leave at any time. The parent's plan was ultimately successful, however, as after returning home, the sister had renounced her pledge to the congregation and went back to using her given name. A few days later, Greve appeared on national television on The Phil Donahue Show to discuss the incident, where she claimed a "very nice woman" her family brought to her after the kidnapping had convinced her the advice and pressure she received in the congregation was wrong. The incident was credited by The New York Times as having revived the debate over the responsibility of parents over their children's freedom. The police and FBI's decision to end their investigation after locating the sister was argued by Rev. Clarence Kelly as ignoring a "heinous crime" and creating "a dangerous precedent". ### Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle In February 2009, the congregation filed a lawsuit in the New York Supreme Court against Albany, New York-based art appraiser, Mark LaSalle, and Santa Fe, New Mexico-based art dealer, Mark Zaplin, for fraud over the sale of an artwork which the congregation sold to them. The congregation claimed the two colluded to defraud them of $1.75 million they believed they could have obtained through the sale of Notre Dame des Anges, an 1889 artwork by William-Adolphe Bouguereau that depicts Mary, mother of Jesus, standing in clouds with the Infant Jesus surrounded by angels. Represented by New York City attorney Bruce Goldstone, the congregation claimed in their lawsuit the two had committed fraud "intentionally", "deliberately", and "maliciously" against them. The artwork, which had been considered "lost" as it had not been seen publicly since the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, was purchased by the Long Island convent in 2002 from a parishioner, who then transferred the piece to the motherhouse St. Joseph's Novitiate. It was hung in a hallway here until a sister eventually noticed it, and believing it was valuable, hired LaSalle to appraise it in 2004. LeSalle appraised the piece, which had a number of issues including: overpainting, bubbling paint, a cracked canvas, and a bad frame, as worth between $150–250,000 without restoration, though could be worth more with. Art dealer Paul Dumont, who specialized in finding favorable art deals and notifying gallery owners, contacted Zaplin who requested to buy the piece. After receiving some restoration, Zaplin, who never met with an of the sisters personally in the transaction, made a bid of $350,000 for the piece. After a counteroffer of $450,000, Zaplin accepted and the piece was sold in 2006. Zaplin made additional restorations to the painting and bought a $40,000 frame for it, with the intention to resell the piece for a profit. Grounds for the lawsuit originated in 2007 after Zaplin arranged to have the painting displayed at the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, and sold the painting for $2.15 million through a Sotheby's in Texas, making $1.75 million in profit. Zaplin defended the sale by stating the lawsuit was made out of seller's remorse and that the sisters never had to sell the painting to him, noting he was just "very lucky" in the resell. Goldstone argued LaSalle had knowingly made a "lowball" appraisal to make a significant return with Zaplin, supported by an affidavit made by Dumont in court who quoted LaSalle as stating "we could 'screw' the sisters and make a handsome profit". Additionally, Zaplin was involved in an unrelated art lawsuit during the same time alleging copyright violations. Believing LaSalle knew the piece was worth between $1.5–1.8 million before restorations, the sisters likewise sought the $1.75 million in profit Zaplin made from the resell, as well as $51 million in punitive damages. The day of the trial in January 2012, however, the jury found LaSalle and Zaplin not guilty of fraud after less than a day of deliberation. The jury additionally awarded LaSalle and Zaplin a total of $575,000 in damages and defamation. ## Reception Reception of the congregation is mixed. Positive feedback has been given regarding the good behavior and politeness of students attending St. Anne's Chapel and Academy, as well as its emphasis on faith. While not its main purpose, it's also not uncommon for female students attending the academy to desire joining the congregation as sisters themselves, for which they are "encouraged to pray and ponder on it". Parents of many of the sisters in the congregation have also supported their daughters decision to join. Conversely, Chancellor of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre Rev. John Alesandro, stated "I don't agree with them, and neither do 999,900,000 other Catholics. There are a billion Catholics in the world, and maybe 100,000 followers of [Traditional Catholicism]". He further remarked the congregation "can call themselves whatever they want, traditionalists or whatever, but they are not the Catholic Church". Priest colleague of Rev. Kelly during the founding of the congregation Rev. Anthony Cekada, later dissociated with Rev. Kelly, and went further to refer to the congregation as a "cult". His reasons for doing so revolved around Rev. Kelly's sole control of the congregation without oversight from his priest colleagues (including himself), guilt and fear tactics used to maintain obedience, and beliefs Rev. Cekada claims Rev. Kelly pressured on the congregation: which included labeling advice from outside priests as unreliable, telling potential sisters they faced possible damnation if they refused to join, portraying departure from the organization as ingratitude to the Sacred Heart, and threatening lawsuits and denunciations for other congregations if they tried to accept or give the eucharist to a sister who had left the congregation, at least while the congregation had Rev. Kelly as its head. Further mixed reception has come the congregation's perception in the news. After the 1988 kidnapping incident: Greve's mother, who was responsible for her kidnapping from the congregation, also called the group a "cult" which was a "splinter of a splinter group" (referring to the Society of Saint Pius V) where her daughter had "lost her free will". Rev. Clarence Kelly responded by stating "[the family] took her by force and brought in a woman who was paid a lot of money to brainwash her. If there's anything cultish about it, it's the way the Greves acted". Sister Mary Teresa of the congregation said she received a number of worried calls from relatives following the incident, as "you don't expect to hear about this place nationwide", but reassured that "I know the priest, I know the sisters, I know they are great people". Sister Mary Teresa's father further remarked "I let my children choose their own life. I don't see it as a cult at all. Cults hold people captive. We talked to our daughter. She feels she has a calling, I respect that. If I thought that this was a cult for a moment, I'd be down here myself to take her out". Outside of the kidnapping incident, the congregation has remained in the public view largely through appearances in a number of photographs on the sides on newspapers. One of which, taken in 2004 by photographer for The Cincinnati Enquirer Sarah Conard, depicted the nuns holding each others habits while ice skating at the Northern Kentucky Ice Center. The photograph went on to win the Associated Press Managing Editors Association's national "Showcase Photo" of the month, a number of trade awards, and was highlighted during the The Cincinnati Enquirer's 175th anniversary in 2017. ## Music "Good holy songs [are important], because it is said 'He who sings once prays twice.'" As of 2025, the congregation has released ten albums, beginning with Rejoice in 1994, and their most recent being Cor Jesu in 2018. In their music, the congregation emphasizes traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The albums Rejoice and A Traditional Christmas were highlighted by The Cincinnati Enquirer during Christmas time for their season-related tracks. Their music has been used in modern media, with the song "Ave Maris Stella" being used at the end of season 11 episode 9 of The X-Files in a scene taking place at a church. \| Album \| Release date \| # songs \| Album length \| Ref(s). \| \| ----------------------- \| ----------------- \| ------- \| ---------------------- \| ------- \| \| Rejoice \| 1994 \| 20 \| 1 hour, 1 minute \| [ 25 ] \| \| De Profundis \| December 8, 1995 \| 20 \| 1 hour, 1 minute \| [ 23 ] \| \| Gregorian Hymns \| December 8, 1995 \| 20 \| 1 hour, 5 minutes \| [ 23 ] \| \| Angelic Voices \| 1996 \| 19 \| 58 minutes, 5 seconds \| [ 26 ] \| \| I Need Thee \| February 2, 1998 \| 21 \| 1 hour, 2 minutes \| [ 23 ] \| \| Mary of Graces \| February 2, 1998 \| 20 \| 1 hour, 2 minutes \| [ 23 ] \| \| A Traditional Christmas \| November 1, 2001 \| 14 \| 1 hour, 7 minutes \| [ 23 ] \| \| A Day in the Cloister \| December 1, 2010 \| 28 \| 1 hour, 14 minutes \| [ 23 ] \| \| Caritas \| October 27, 2014 \| 17 \| 48 minutes, 20 seconds \| [ 23 ] \| \| Cor Jesu \| November 17, 2018 \| 14 \| 56 minutes, 16 seconds \| [ 23 ] \|	enwiki/57430629	enwiki	57,430,629	Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daughters_of_Mary,_Mother_of_Our_Savior	2025-07-14T09:46:20Z	en	Q55609062	208,779	{{Short description\|Traditional Catholic congregation of religious sisters in the United States}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox organization \| name = Congregation of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior \| logo = Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior logo 2025.png \| logo_alt = Simple text reading the name of the congregation, with a pierced heart consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus on the left \| formation = {{Start date and age\|1984}} \| founder = Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]] \| founding_location = [[Round Top, New York]] \| type = {{hlist\|Semi-[[contemplative]]\|[[Catholic religious congregation]]\|[[Traditionalist Catholicism]]}} \| headquarters = St. Joseph's Novitiate \| location_city = [[Round Top, New York]] \| location_country = United States \| members = 89 \| membership_year = 2019 \| website = {{Official URL\|daughtersofmary.net}} }} The '''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior''' are a congregation of [[Traditional Catholic]] [[religious sisters]], founded in 1984 by Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]]. Their convents and missions are not recognized by the Vatican or their local [[archdioceses]], however, they still refer to themselves as Roman Catholics. The congregation and [[motherhouse]] are based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in [[Round Top, New York]], with additional [[convent]]s in [[Melville, New York]] and [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]]. As Traditional Catholics, the congregation does not adhere to the modern practices of the [[Second Vatican Council]]. They are closely associated with the [[Society of Saint Pius V]], a society of priests which still perform traditional [[Tridentine Mass]], also co-founded by Rev. Kelly. Outside of their convents, the congregation maintains a network of missions, including schools and churches, which promote Traditional Catholicism. They also have released music albums of traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The congregation has received mixed reception in the commentary made about them, with positive feedback revolving around good student behavior at their St. Anne's Chapel and Academy location, and negative feedback from some individuals' perception of the group as a [[cult]], a characterization they firmly deny despite some evidence showing otherwise. The congregation has also been the subject of news coverage for a 1988 alleged [[kidnapping]] case, in which a sister was taken from a convent by her family, and for a 2009 [[fraud]] lawsuit they filed over the sale of a valuable artwork. The lawsuit was later lost, leading the congregation to pay damages for [[defamation]]. == Structure == The Daughters of Mary are a small, semi-[[contemplative]] congregation which practices [[Traditional Catholicism]], specifically, the rules of the [[Catholic Church]] before the [[Second Vatican Council]] (Vatican II) in 1962.<ref name="Miller12">{{cite news \|last1=Miller \|first1=Pamela \|last2=Greener \|first2=Stormi \|title=Joyful in their habits \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250769/ \|newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] \|volume=25 \|number=53 \|page=E12 \|date=May 27, 2006 \|access-date=May 3, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Miller11">{{cite news \|last1=Miller \|first1=Pamela \|last2=Greener \|first2=Stormi \|title=Joyful in their habits \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250753/ \|newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] \|volume=25 \|number=53 \|page=E11 \|date=May 27, 2006 \|access-date=May 3, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> They were founded by Traditional Catholic priest Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]], who did not have the canonical authority to establish a religious congregation.<ref name="Cekada">{{cite web \|author-link=Anthony Cekada \|last1=Cekada \|first1=Anthony \|title=Spiritual Cooties: The SSPV Sacramental Penalties after 30 Years \|url=https://www.fathercekada.com/2019/07/04/spiritual-cooties-the-sspv-sacramental-penalties-after-30-years/ \|work=Quidlibet \|date=July 4, 2019 \|access-date=June 1, 2025 \|archive-date=June 1, 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601181500/https://www.fathercekada.com/2019/07/04/spiritual-cooties-the-sspv-sacramental-penalties-after-30-years/ \|url-status=live}}</ref> As such, the congregation has no canonical status in the Roman Catholic Church,<ref name="Cekada"/> and is not recognized by the Vatican or their local [[archdioceses]].<ref name="Miller12"/> Nonetheless, the congregation refers to themself as Roman Catholic.<ref name="Miller12"/><ref name="Miller10"/> They are closely associated with the [[Society of Saint Pius V]], a group of priests who still perform traditional [[Tridentine Mass]].<ref name="Miller11"/> This society of priests was led by Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]], the same person who founded the congregation.<ref name="Goldman"/> Kelly believed the direction the Traditionalist Catholic Church was being led by [[excommunicated]]-French Archbishop [[Marcel Lefebvre]] was too liberal.<ref name="Goldman"/> The congregation is based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in [[Round Top, New York]],<ref name="Goldman">{{cite web \|author-link=Ari L. Goldman \|last1=Goldman \|first1=Ari L. \|title=A Fight Over an Ex-Nun's Mind and Soul \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/11/nyregion/a-fight-over-an-ex-nun-s-mind-and-soul.html \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|date=August 11, 1988 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525084042/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/11/nyregion/a-fight-over-an-ex-nun-s-mind-and-soul.html \|archive-date=May 25, 2015 \|location=[[Round Top, New York]] \|url-status=live \|url-access=limited}}</ref> with the location including the congregation's [[motherhouse]],<ref name="Mandell"/> with additional [[convent]]s located nationally in [[Melville, New York]] on [[Long Island]],<ref name="Melville">{{cite news \|last1=Dunn \|first1=John \|title=Snow around the East Coast {{!}} Long Island \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/555456270/ \|newspaper=[[York Daily Record]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[York, Pennsylvania]] \|volume=213 \|number=305 \|page=7 \|date=December 22, 2009 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> and St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The congregation considers themselves to be following [[One true faith\|true]] Roman Catholicism,<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Mandell">{{cite news \|last1=Mandell \|first1=Jonathan \|title=Inside the Covent \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/710208708/ \|newspaper=[[Newsday]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[New York, New York]] \|volume=48 \|number=310 \|page=97 \|date=July 11, 1988 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> and likewise doesn't prefer the word "[[schism]]" to describe their separation from the modern-day Vatican, despite the word being technically accurate.<ref name="Miller10"/> The congregation members are [[Catholic sisters and nuns in the United States\|"sisters"]], not "nuns", as they are not cloistered.<ref name="Miller10">{{cite news \|last1=Miller \|first1=Pamela \|last2=Greener \|first2=Stormi \|title=Joyful in their habits \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250714/ \|newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] \|volume=25 \|number=53 \|page=E10 \|date=May 27, 2006 \|access-date=May 3, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> == Apostolate and works == The congregation defines themselves by their [[act of Consecration to the Sacred Heart of Jesus]], for which prayers of thanks are offered for at least one hour each day.<ref name="Miller11"/> Inside of their convents, the day begins at 6{{nbsp}}am with singing and chanting of the [[Liturgy of the Hours]] each morning,<ref name="Goldman"/> and a [[compline]] consisting of prayers and [[Psalms]] nightly.<ref name="Miller12"/> The congregation often partakes in prayer and reflection, studying, and [[visiting the sick]], alongside recreation including [[board games]], [[playing card\|cards]], chores, sports, and walks.<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Goldman"/> The sisters are also to remain in full [[religious habit]] at all times, even when away from the convent shopping or partaking more extreme recreation like [[motorboating]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The purpose of this has been stated to draw attention to them and their cause, as well [[penance]] for what they see as [[immodesty]] of the modern day.<ref name="Miller11"/> At least in 1988, the sisters also observed silence during meals and were to see their families only four times a year, which was traditional for pre-Vatican II convents.<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="Mandell"/> Outside of their convents, the congregation's primary responsibilities revolve around maintaining their network of missions including churches and schools.<ref name="Mandell"/> These missions include: a church named St. Gertrude's in [[Sharonville, Ohio]] alongside a school named St. Gertrude's Academy, a church and [[rectory]] in [[Oyster Bay, New York]], a large building which houses some of the sisters who work as teachers in [[East Meadow, New York]], and a grades 1–12 school centered around the principles of the Society of Saint Pius V in [[Wantagh, New York]].<ref name="Mandell"/> the congregation also maintains smaller and more makeshift missions including: preforming a Tridentine Mass at the [[Warwick New York Hotel]] in [[midtown Manhattan]] each Sunday.<ref name="Mandell"/> Below the three convents of the congregation are described. === St. Joseph's Novitiate === The St. Joseph's Novitiate location in [[Round Top, New York]], is the congregation's first location, and contains the main [[motherhouse]] of the congregation.<ref name="Mandell"/> Converted from a rundown {{cvt\|14\|acre}} resort, the sisters originally lived in a 100-year-old guest house on the site, but worshipped at a newly-built church made out of [[cedar wood]].<ref name="Goldman"/> In 1988, the location consisted of the church and three wooden buildings, one of which housed Rev. Clarence Kelly and the other two the convent.<ref name="Mandell"/> Several more wooden buildings were under construction at this time to serve as new housing for the convent, and a graveyard.<ref name="Mandell"/> === Long Island convent === The congregation's second location in [[Melville, New York]],<ref name="Melville"/> opened no later than 1988.<ref name="Mandell"/> It primarily involves itself in maintaining their nearby network of mission locations described above, possibly including: the Society of Saint Pius V grades 1–12 school in Wantagh, the church and rectory in Oyster Bay, and the houses for sisters in East Meadow, all in [[Nassau County, Long Island]].<ref name="Mandell"/> The Long Island convent was also the one involved in the ''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle'' lawsuit.<ref name="Constable"/> === St. Anne's Chapel and Academy === The congregation has a church and school at St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]], which consists of a number of plain gray buildings, one of which houses a small grades 1–12 school building.<ref name="Miller12"/> The school, which is taught by the sisters of the congregation, includes classes on topics such as religion, church history, French, and physics.<ref name="Miller12"/> The school participates in a number of extracurriculars including regular chores<ref name="Miller10"/> and a yearly spring concert, which in the past has included non-Catholic music from plays like ''[[The Sound of Music]]'' and ''[[The Jungle Book]]''.<ref name="Miller12"/> On the schools playground during [[recess (break)\|recess]], the sisters also participate in games such as [[basketball]] [[dodgeball]], [[jump rope]], [[soccer]], [[tennis]], and [[volleyball]], the sight of which has been known to slow traffic on County Road E. which overlooks the playground.<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Miller10"/> Guidelines for the students generally forbid them from watching P-13 and R-rated movies, vulgar music, and, at least during 2006, using the internet without a parent.<ref name="Miller11"/> The school requires [[school uniform]]s.<ref name="Miller12"/> In 2006, the school consisted of 60 students and seven sisters,<ref name="Miller12"/> with an annual [[tuition payment]] of {{US$\|900}} to $1,300.<ref name="Miller10"/> As for the chapel, a daily mass in Latin is held in which the schoolchildren are required to attend.<ref name="Miller10"/> The [[pews]] are separated by gender, and often include [[confession]] afterwards.<ref name="Miller10"/> As is the congregation as a whole, the church is not recognized by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis]], or listed on their registries.<ref name="Miller10"/> == History == {{Historical populations \| title= Total congregation members \| percentages = pagr \| 1988 \|21 \| 2006 \|49 \| 2016 \|68 \| 2019 \|86 }} The congregation was founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly after he purchased a{{cvt\|14\|acre}} rundown resort in the [[Catskill Mountains]] for $99,000, which became the St. Joseph's Novitiate.<ref name="Goldman"/> The decision to make a congregation was made by Rev. Kelly after he and his fellow priest colleagues were expulsed from the [[Society of St. Pius X]], and lacked the ordinary jurisdiction needed to make a legally-recognized religious congregation.<ref name="Cekada"/> The congregation was created in a way where the congregation, its [[apostolate]], and its rules were to be decided by Rev. Kelly alone with no oversight from his fellow priest colleagues starting the congregation with him, much to their dismay.<ref name="Cekada"/><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Cekada \|first1=Anthony \|last2=Collins \|first2=Joseph F. \|last3=Ahern \|first3=Daniel B. \|title=June 29, 1989 Letter to Fr. Kelly \|url=https://www.fathercekada.com/1989/06/29/june-29-1989-letter-to-fr-kelly/ \|work=Quidlibet \|location=[[Oyster Bay Cove, New York]] \|date=June 29, 1989 \|access-date=June 1, 2025 \|archive-date=January 19, 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119103039/https://www.fathercekada.com/1989/06/29/june-29-1989-letter-to-fr-kelly/ \|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1988, four years after being founded, the congregation had a total of 21 members consisting of nine sisters and 12 priests associated with the Society of Saint Pius V.<ref name="Mandell"/> During this time, they maintained a network of 50 missions: including 20 churches and five school buildings.<ref name="Mandell"/> Their most successful missions were their school in Wantagh which maintained a total of 70 students, and their church and academy in Sharonville which averaged 800 worshipers on Sundays.<ref name="Mandell"/> In 2006, the total number of members increased to 49 members consisting of sisters and [[postulate]]s.<ref name="Miller11"/> This increased again in 2016 to 68 members,<ref>{{cite web \|title=About Us \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024160034/https://www.daughtersofmary.net/about-us/ \|publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior \|year=2016 \|access-date=May 11, 2025}}</ref> and again in 2019 to 86 members.<ref>{{cite web \|title=About Us \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216235313/http://www.daughtersofmary.net:80/about-us/ \|publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior \|year=2019 \|access-date=May 11, 2025}}</ref> === Alleged kidnapping of Sister Mary Cecelia === On June 26, 1988, 22-year-old Sister Mary Cecelia of the congregation, previously Mary Sue Greve, was allegedly [[kidnapping\|kidnapped]] by her family while on a walk with two other sisters.<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="UPI">{{cite web \|title=Nun kidnapped by family members \|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/06/27/Nun-kidnapped-by-family-members/7110583387200/ \|work=[[United Press International]] \|date=June 27, 1988 \|access-date=May 4, 2025}}</ref> The incident took place just outside the congregation's main St. Joseph's Novitiate location, and was carried out by Cecelia's father, two brothers, and another man, who forced her into their car and drove away.<ref name="Goldman"/> Witnesses reported that she was screaming and kicking her legs out of the window as the car drove away.<ref name="UPI"/> A sister from the congregation characterized the incident as violent, saying that Sister Mary Cecelia's head was banged on the car door several times while being put in the vehicle.<ref name="UPI"/> The incident made national news, and was quickly investigated by the [[New York State Police]] and [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI), who located her within a few days back in her previous home in [[Cincinnati, Ohio]].<ref name="Goldman"/> The incident had been planned by the sister's mother, Susan Greve, claiming she didn't want to 'lose' her only daughter to a convent, after previously losing one to a [[stillbirth]].<ref name="UPI"/><ref name="Mandell2"/> While the mother had originally introduced Sister Cecelia to the Society of Saint Pius V, she claimed her daughter did not have a [[vocation]] and was never happy in the congregation,<ref name="Goldman"/> supported by the decision of Sister Mary Cecelia who reportedly had decided to leave the congregation two weeks before the incident, at the time unbeknownst to her family.<ref name="Mandell"/> This argument was challenged by the congregation's head Rev. Clarence Kelly, who claimed Sister Cecelia had already spent nearly two years there, and had promised before God she knew she was free to leave at any time.<ref name="Goldman"/> The parent's plan was ultimately successful, however, as after returning home, the sister had renounced her pledge to the congregation and went back to using her [[given name]].<ref name="Goldman"/> A few days later, Greve appeared on national television on ''[[The Phil Donahue Show]]'' to discuss the incident, where she claimed a "very nice woman" her family brought to her after the kidnapping had convinced her the advice and pressure she received in the congregation was wrong.<ref name="Goldman"/> The incident was credited by ''[[The New York Times]]'' as having revived the debate over the responsibility of parents over their children's freedom.<ref name="Goldman"/> The police and FBI's decision to end their investigation after locating the sister was argued by Rev. Clarence Kelly as ignoring a "heinous crime" and creating "a dangerous precedent".<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="UPI"/> === ''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle'' === [[File:Notredameanges W-A Bouguereau.png\|thumb\|alt=Mary, mother of Jesus, standing in clouds with the Infant Jesus surrounded by angels\|''Notre Dame des Anges'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, 1889.]] In February 2009, the congregation filed a lawsuit in the [[New York Supreme Court]] against [[Albany, New York]]-based art appraiser, Mark LaSalle, and [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]]-based art dealer, Mark Zaplin, for [[fraud]] over the sale of an artwork which the congregation sold to them.<ref name="Constable">{{cite news \|last1=Constable \|first1=Anne \|title=Seller's remorse or fraudulent transaction? \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/207915775/ \|newspaper=[[The Santa Fe New Mexican]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Santa Fe, New Mexico]] \|volume=160 \|number=52 \|pages=A001, A005 \|date=February 21, 2009 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Roberts">{{cite news \|last1=Roberts \|first1=Kathaleen \|title=Nuns: Santa Fe Art Dealer Conned Us \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/206521616/ \|newspaper=[[Albuquerque Journal]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] \|volume=129 \|number=51 \|pages=1, 2 \|date=February 20, 2009 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> The congregation claimed the two colluded to defraud them of $1.75 million they believed they could have obtained through the sale of ''Notre Dame des Anges'', an 1889 artwork by [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]] that depicts [[Mary, mother of Jesus]], standing in clouds with the [[Infant Jesus]] surrounded by angels.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> Represented by [[New York City]] attorney Bruce Goldstone, the congregation claimed in their lawsuit the two had committed fraud "intentionally", "deliberately", and "maliciously" against them.<ref name="Constable"/> The artwork, which had been considered "lost" as it had not been seen publicly since the [[World's Columbian Exposition]] in 1893, was purchased by the Long Island convent in 2002 from a [[parishioner]], who then transferred the piece to the motherhouse St. Joseph's Novitiate.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> It was hung in a hallway here until a sister eventually noticed it, and believing it was valuable, hired LaSalle to appraise it in 2004.<ref name="Constable"/> LeSalle appraised the piece, which had a number of issues including: [[overpainting]], bubbling paint, a cracked [[canvas]], and a bad frame, as worth between $150–250,000 without [[art restoration\|restoration]], though could be worth more with.<ref name="Constable"/> [[Art dealer]] Paul Dumont, who specialized in finding favorable art deals and notifying gallery owners, contacted Zaplin who requested to buy the piece.<ref name="Constable"/> After receiving some restoration, Zaplin, who never met with an of the sisters personally in the transaction, made a bid of $350,000 for the piece. After a counteroffer of $450,000, Zaplin accepted and the piece was sold in 2006.<ref name="Constable"/> Zaplin made additional restorations to the painting and bought a $40,000 frame for it, with the intention to resell the piece for a profit.<ref name="Constable"/> Grounds for the lawsuit originated in 2007 after Zaplin arranged to have the painting displayed at the [[Dallas Museum of Fine Arts]], and sold the painting for $2.15 million through a [[Sotheby's]] in Texas, making $1.75 million in profit.<ref name="Constable"/> Zaplin defended the sale by stating the lawsuit was made out of {{Wikt-lang\|en\|seller's remorse\|i=-}} and that the sisters never had to sell the painting to him, noting he was just "very lucky" in the resell.<ref name="Constable"/> Goldstone argued LaSalle had knowingly made a "lowball" appraisal to make a significant return with Zaplin, supported by an [[affidavit]] made by Dumont in court who quoted LaSalle as stating "we could 'screw' the sisters and make a handsome profit".<ref name="Constable"/> Additionally, Zaplin was involved in an unrelated art lawsuit during the same time alleging [[copyright]] violations.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Jadrnak \|first1=Jackie \|title=SF gallery loses fight over woodcut prints \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/206530201/ \|newspaper=[[Albuquerque Journal]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] \|volume=132 \|number=9 \|page=45 \|date=January 9, 2012 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> Believing LaSalle knew the piece was worth between $1.5–1.8 million before restorations, the sisters likewise sought the $1.75 million in profit Zaplin made from the resell, as well as $51 million in punitive damages.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> The day of the trial in January 2012, however, the jury found LaSalle and Zaplin not guilty of fraud after less than a day of deliberation.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Constable \|first1=Anne \|title=N.Y. jury rejects nuns' claims against Santa Fe gallery owner \|url=https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/n-y-jury-rejects-nuns-claims-against-santa-fe-gallery-owner/article_f6da2fe1-9a30-5822-a1f5-ce7a843a91d1.html \|newspaper=[[The Santa Fe New Mexican]] \|date=January 10, 2012 \|access-date=May 4, 2025}}</ref> The jury additionally awarded LaSalle and Zaplin a total of $575,000 in damages and [[defamation]].<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Oswald \|first1=Mark \|title=Gallery Owner Didn't Cheat Nuns \|url=https://www.abqjournal.com/79877/gallery-owner-didnt-cheat-nuns.html \|work=[[Albuquerque Journal]] \|date=January 11, 2012 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009193621/https://www.abqjournal.com/79877/gallery-owner-didnt-cheat-nuns.html \|archive-date=October 9, 2016 \|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Reception == [[File:Fr Cekada 2.png\|thumb\|alt=A portrait photo of an older man with gray hair and glasses wearing clerical clothing sitting in a chair\|Rev. [[Anthony Cekada]], an outspoken critic of the congregation under the leadership of its founder Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]]]] Reception of the congregation is mixed. Positive feedback has been given regarding the good behavior and politeness of students attending St. Anne's Chapel and Academy, as well as its emphasis on faith.<ref name="Miller10"/> While not its main purpose, it's also not uncommon for female students attending the academy to desire joining the congregation as sisters themselves, for which they are "encouraged to pray and ponder on it".<ref name="Miller11"/> Parents of many of the sisters in the congregation have also supported their daughters decision to join.<ref name="Mandell2">{{cite news \|last1=Mandell \|first1=Jonathan \|title=Inside the Covent \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/705072614/ \|newspaper=[[Newsday]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[New York, New York]] \|volume=48 \|number=310 \|page=98 \|date=July 11, 1988 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> Conversely, Chancellor of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre]] Rev. John Alesandro, stated "I don't agree with them, and neither do 999,900,000 other Catholics. There are a billion Catholics in the world, and maybe 100,000 followers of [Traditional Catholicism]".<ref name="Mandell2"/> He further remarked the congregation "can call themselves whatever they want, traditionalists or whatever, but they are not the Catholic Church".<ref name="Mandell"/> Priest colleague of Rev. Kelly during the founding of the congregation Rev. [[Anthony Cekada]], later dissociated with Rev. Kelly, and went further to refer to the congregation as a "[[cult]]".<ref name="Cekada"/> His reasons for doing so revolved around Rev. Kelly's sole control of the congregation without oversight from his priest colleagues (including himself), guilt and fear tactics used to maintain obedience, and beliefs Rev. Cekada claims Rev. Kelly pressured on the congregation: which included labeling advice from outside priests as unreliable, telling potential sisters they faced possible [[damnation]] if they refused to join, portraying departure from the organization as ingratitude to the Sacred Heart, and threatening [[lawsuit]]s and [[denunciation]]s for other congregations if they tried to accept or give the [[eucharist]] to a sister who had left the congregation, at least while the congregation had Rev. Kelly as its head.<ref name="Cekada"/> Further mixed reception has come the congregation's perception in the news. After the 1988 kidnapping incident: Greve's mother, who was responsible for her kidnapping from the congregation, also called the group a "cult" which was a "splinter of a splinter group" (referring to the Society of Saint Pius V) where her daughter had "lost her [[free will]]".<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="Mandell"/> Rev. Clarence Kelly responded by stating "[the family] took her by force and brought in a woman who was paid a lot of money to brainwash her. If there's anything cultish about it, it's the way the Greves acted".<ref name="Goldman"/> Sister Mary Teresa of the congregation said she received a number of worried calls from relatives following the incident, as "you don't expect to hear about this place nationwide", but reassured that "I know the priest, I know the sisters, I know they are great people".<ref name="Mandell2"/> Sister Mary Teresa's father further remarked "I let my children choose their own life. I don't see it as a cult at all. Cults hold people captive. We talked to our daughter. She feels she has a calling, I respect that. If I thought that this was a cult for a moment, I'd be down here myself to take her out".<ref name="Mandell2"/> Outside of the kidnapping incident, the congregation has remained in the public view largely through appearances in a number of photographs on the sides on newspapers.<ref name="Melville"/><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Saman \|first1=Moises \|title=A brisk walk, a good habit \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/710208708/ \|newspaper=[[Newsday]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[New York, New York]] \|volume=67 \|number=40 \|page=34 \|date=October 12, 2006 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Wark \|first1=Luke \|title=Nuns hope to fly on the Jet Express \|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/sandusky-register-jul-22-2014-p-9/ \|newspaper=[[Sandusky Register]] \|via=[[NewspaperArchive]] \|location=[[Sandusky, Ohio]] \|volume=192 \|number=115 \|page=A9 \|date=July 22, 2014 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> One of which, taken in 2004 by photographer for ''[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]]'' Sarah Conard, depicted the nuns holding each others habits while [[ice skating]] at the Northern Kentucky Ice Center.<ref name="Clark">{{cite news \|last1=Clark \|first1=Paul \|title=Skating nuns release Christmas albums \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/103206038/ \|newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Cincinnati, Ohio]] \|volume=166 \|number=231 \|page=D6 \|date=November 26, 2006 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Suess">{{cite web \|last1=Suess \|first1=Jeff \|title=Enquirer Throwback: Photos show everyday life \|url=https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/01/11/enquirer-throwback-photos-show-everyday-life/96133844/ \|work=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] \|date=January 11, 2017 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428064400/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/01/11/enquirer-throwback-photos-show-everyday-life/96133844/ \|archive-date=April 28, 2025 \|url-status=live \|url-access=limited}}</ref> The photograph went on to win the ''[[Associated Press]]'' Managing Editors Association's national "Showcase Photo" of the month, a number of trade awards,<ref name="Clark"/> and was highlighted during the ''The Cincinnati Enquirer''{{'s}} 175th anniversary in 2017.<ref name="Suess"/> == Music == {{Quote box \|quote = "Good holy songs [are important], because it is said 'He who sings once prays twice.'" \|author = Sister Maria Goretti \|source = May 2006 interview with ''[[Minnesota Star Tribune]]''<ref name="Miller11"/> \|width = 25% \|align = right \|bgcolor= #F0FFF0 \|quoted = yes }} {{As of\|2025}}, the congregation has released ten albums, beginning with ''Rejoice'' in 1994, and their most recent being ''Cor Jesu'' in 2018.<ref name="Music">{{cite web \|title=Music \|url=https://www.daughtersofmarypress.com/music \|publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior \|access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Music2">{{cite web \|title=Daughters of Mary \|url=https://open.spotify.com/artist/0az8JXfTqIYlSMz2Vmxesv/discography/album \|publisher=[[Spotify]] \|access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref> In their music, the congregation emphasizes traditional Catholic music and [[Gregorian chants]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The albums ''Rejoice'' and ''A Traditional Christmas'' were highlighted by ''The Cincinnati Enquirer'' during [[Christmas]] time for their season-related tracks.<ref name="Clark"/> Their music has been used in modern media, with the song "Ave Maris Stella" being used at the end of season 11 episode 9 of ''[[The X-Files]]'' in a scene taking place at a church.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Season 11E9 · Nothing Lasts Forever \|url=https://www.tunefind.com/show/the-x-files/season-11/57749 \|publisher=[[Tunefind]] \|access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref> {\| class="wikitable sortable" \|+ Discography of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior ! scope="col" \| Album ! scope="col" \| Release date ! scope="col" \| {{Abbr\|# songs\|Number of songs}} ! scope="col" \| Album length ! scope="col" class="unsortable" \| {{Abbr\|Ref(s).\|Reference(s)}} \|- ! scope="row" \| Rejoice \| {{Date table sorting\|1994}} \| 20 \| {{sort\|61\|1 hour, 1 minute}} \| <ref>{{cite web \|title=Rejoice \|url=https://www.amazon.com/Rejoice-Daughters-Mary/dp/B07HSJHDGZ/ \|publisher=[[Amazon (company)\|Amazon]] \|date=January 14, 2021 \|access-date=April 6, 2023}}</ref> \|- ! scope="row" \| De Profundis \| {{Date table sorting\|1995-12-08}} \| 20 \| {{sort\|61\|1 hour, 1 minute}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| Gregorian Hymns \| {{Date table sorting\|1995-12-08}} \| 20 \| {{sort\|65\|1 hour, 5 minutes}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| Angelic Voices \| {{Date table sorting\|1996}} \| 19 \| {{sort\|58\|58 minutes, 5 seconds}} \| <ref>{{cite web \|title=Angelic Voices \|url=https://www.amazon.com/Angelic-Voices-Daughters-Mary/dp/B01IDHTGXI \|publisher=[[Amazon (company)\|Amazon]] \|date=July 13, 2016 \|access-date=April 6, 2023}}</ref> \|- ! scope="row" \| I Need Thee \| {{Date table sorting\|1998-02-02}} \| 21 \| {{sort\|62\|1 hour, 2 minutes}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| Mary of Graces \| {{Date table sorting\|1998-02-02}} \| 20 \| {{sort\|62\|1 hour, 2 minutes}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| A Traditional Christmas \| {{Date table sorting\|2001-11-01}} \| 14 \| {{sort\|67\|1 hour, 7 minutes}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| A Day in the Cloister \| {{Date table sorting\|2010-12-01}} \| 28 \| {{sort\|74\|1 hour, 14 minutes}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| Caritas \| {{Date table sorting\|2014-10-27}} \| 17 \| {{sort\|48\|48 minutes, 20 seconds}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|- ! scope="row" \| Cor Jesu \| {{Date table sorting\|2018-11-17}} \| 14 \| {{sort\|56\|56 minutes, 16 seconds}} \| <ref name="Music2"/> \|} == See also == {{Portal\|Catholicism\|United States}} * [[List of Catholic religious institutes]] * [[Daughters of Mary of the Immaculate Conception]] – similarly named, have interacted with each other before<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Vance \|first1=Karen \|title=Church finds traditions preserve reverence \|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/103773529/ \|newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] \|via=[[Newspapers.com]] \|location=[[Cincinnati, Ohio]] \|volume=163 \|number=90 \|page=E13 \|date=July 8, 2003 \|access-date=May 4, 2025 \|url-access=limited}}</ref> * [[Mass of Paul VI]] – the most common Catholic mass, displacing the Tridentine Mass practiced by the congregation * [[Society of Saint Pius X]] – Traditional Catholic society from which Rev. Clarence Kelly split == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * {{Official URL\|daughtersofmary.net}} – Official website * {{URL\|sa-chapel.org/}} – St. Anne's Chapel and Academy website * {{URL\|https://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/other-courts/2011/2011-51737.html\|''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle''}} – via [[Justia]] [[Category:Catholic dissident organizations]] [[Category:Christian organizations established in 1984]] [[Category:Christian religious orders established in the 20th century]] [[Category:Traditionalist Catholic nuns and religious sisters]] [[Category:Traditionalist Catholicism in the United States]]	1,300,439,183	[{"title": "Congregation of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior", "data": {"Formation": "1984", "Founder": "Rev. Clarence Kelly", "Founded at": "Round Top, New York", "Type": "Semi- contemplative Catholic religious congregation Traditionalist Catholicism", "Headquarters": "St. Joseph's Novitiate", "Location": "- Round Top, New York, United States", "Members": "89 (2019)", "Website": "www.daughtersofmary.net"}}, {"title": "Total congregation members", "data": {"Year": "Pop. \u00b7 \u00b1% p.a.", "1988": "21 \u00b7 \u2014", "2006": "49 \u00b7 +4.82%", "2016": "68 \u00b7 +3.33%", "2019": "86 \u00b7 +8.14%"}}]	false
# Stanley Martin Flatté Stanley Martin Flatté (2 December 1940, Los Angeles – 4 November 2007) was a particle physicist and expert on wave propagation in atmospheric optics, ocean acoustics, and seismology. ## Biography Flatté received in 1962 a B.S. in physics from California Institute of Technology and in 1966 a Ph.D. in physics from UC Berkeley. After 5 years as a research physicist at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, he joined in 1971 the UC Santa Cruz faculty, where he remained until his retirement in 2004. At UCSC he was affiliated with the Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, the Institute of Marine Sciences, and the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. In 1970 he joined JASON. In the area of particle physics, the Flatté Parametrization he developed is still used to describe the decay of certain kinds of mesons (fundamental particles made of quarks and antiquarks). Flatté's work on ocean acoustics began in the mid-1970s and continued for more than two decades. He helped develop a new paradigm in understanding sound transmission in the ocean. In the 1990s, he was involved in the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment, which aimed to track the average temperature of the ocean using sound waves.In the area of atmospheric optics, Flatté studied the propagation of light waves through atmospheric turbulence. This work led to a collaboration with Claire Max, a pioneer in the field of adaptive optics for telescopes and now director of the Center for Adaptive Optics at UCSC and a professor of astronomy and astrophysics.In seismology, Flatté contributed to research on the scattering of seismic waves in the deep Earth. Geophysicist Ru-Shan Wu came to UCSC in 1986 to work with Flatté on scattering theory. Thorne Lay, professor of Earth and planetary sciences, said this collaboration led to the development by Wu of important techniques used by the oil exploration industry. Upon his death, Flatté was survived by his wife, a son, a daughter, and six grandchildren. ## Awards and honors - Guggenheim Fellow (academic year 1975–1976) - Fellow of the Optical Society of America (elected 1996)[3] - Fellow of the American Physical Society (elected 1997) - Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science	enwiki/50056703	enwiki	50,056,703	Stanley Martin Flatté	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Martin_Flatt%C3%A9	2024-04-06T10:45:04Z	en	Q23751632	20,205	'''Stanley Martin Flatté''' (2 December 1940, [[Los Angeles]] – 4 November 2007) was a particle [[physicist]] and expert on [[wave propagation]] in [[atmospheric optics]], [[Ocean acoustic tomography\|ocean acoustics]], and [[seismology]].<ref name="PhysicsTodayObit">{{cite journal\|author=Lay, Thorne\|author2=Seiden, Abraham\|title=Obituary. Stanley Flatté\|journal=Physics Today\|date=April 2008\|volume=61\|issue=4\|pages= 80\|doi=10.1063/1.2911188\|bibcode=2008PhT....61d..80L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> ==Biography== Flatté received in 1962 a B.S. in physics from [[California]] Institute of Technology and in 1966 a Ph.D. in physics from [[University of California, Berkeley\|UC Berkeley]]. After 5 years as a research physicist at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory\|Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory]], he joined in 1971 the [[University of California, Santa Cruz\|UC Santa Cruz]] faculty, where he remained until his retirement in 2004. At UCSC he was affiliated with the Santa Cruz Institute for [[Particle physics\|Particle Physics]], the Institute of [[Marine sciences\|Marine Sciences]], and the Institute of [[Geophysics]] and Planetary Physics. In 1970 he joined [[JASON (advisory group)\|JASON]].<ref name=PhysicsTodayObit/> {{blockquote\|In the area of particle physics, the Flatté Parametrization he developed is still used to describe the decay of certain kinds of mesons (fundamental particles made of quarks and antiquarks). Flatté's work on ocean acoustics began in the mid-1970s and continued for more than two decades. He helped develop a new paradigm in understanding sound transmission in the ocean. In the 1990s, he was involved in the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment, which aimed to track the average temperature of the ocean using sound waves.In the area of atmospheric optics, Flatté studied the propagation of light waves through atmospheric turbulence. This work led to a collaboration with Claire Max, a pioneer in the field of adaptive optics for telescopes and now director of the Center for Adaptive Optics at UCSC and a professor of astronomy and astrophysics.In seismology, Flatté contributed to research on the scattering of seismic waves in the deep Earth. Geophysicist Ru-Shan Wu came to UCSC in 1986 to work with Flatté on scattering theory. Thorne Lay, professor of Earth and planetary sciences, said this collaboration led to the development by Wu of important techniques used by the oil exploration industry.<ref>{{cite journal\|author=Stephens, Tim\|date=5 November 2007\|title=Physicist Stanley Flatté dies at age 66\|website=University of California Santa Cruz Newscenter\|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2007/11/1716.html}}</ref>}} Upon his death, Flatté was survived by his wife, a son, a daughter, and six grandchildren. ==Awards and honors== * [[Guggenheim Fellowship\|Guggenheim Fellow]] (academic year 1975–1976) * Fellow of the [[The Optical Society\|Optical Society of America]] (elected 1996)<ref>[http://www.osa.org/en-us/about_osa/newsroom/obituaries/flatte/ Stanley Flatté \| In Memoriam \| The Optical Society]</ref> * Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] (elected 1997) * Fellow of the [[Acoustical Society of America]] * Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.slideshare.net/accipio/isaac-newton-the-man-optimised Isaac Newton: The Man — A Delphasus Lecture by Dr. Stanley M. Flatté] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Flatte, Stanley Martin}} [[Category:1940 births]] [[Category:2007 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American physicists]] [[Category:American particle physicists]] [[Category:American theoretical physicists]] [[Category:California Institute of Technology alumni]] [[Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni]] [[Category:University of California, Santa Cruz faculty]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]] [[Category:Scientists from Los Angeles]] [[Category:Fellows of the Acoustical Society of America]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science]]	1,217,530,386	[]	false
# Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi (b. Felizzano 20 August 1895– d. Genoa 24 August 1967) was an Italian violin maker. Originally from a Piedmontese village near Alessandria, Lecchi showed great talent for woodworking at a young age. In 1924, he took over De Barbieri’s place in Cesare Candi’s workshop. Lecchi proved to be an ideal partner for Candi and made a considerable contribution to his last series of decorated instruments, taking charge of the delicate inlays. By 1937, Lecchi was at his peak winning first prize for a quartet at the Stradivari bicentennial exhibition in Cremona. "His was a more ‘classical’ taste than that of all the other Genoese makers, and his way of making the Stradivari model was elegant and well balanced." Later on, he was given the honor of serving as official curator to Nicolo Paganini’s del Gesù “Cannon” violin, which still belongs to the city of Genoa. Most of his violins don’t bear the sharp edges and consistent archings of modern Genoese instruments. Lecchi used Candi’s continuous lining technique only in his early period; soon after he began making the interiors in the traditional way, with the central linings mortised or simply set into the centre-blocks.	enwiki/16068577	enwiki	16,068,577	Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Bernardo_Lecchi	2025-07-06T21:04:14Z	en	Q5565350	21,989	{{Short description\|Italian luthier (1895–1967)}} '''Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi''' (b. [[Felizzano]] 20 August 1895– d. [[Genoa]] 24 August 1967) was an Italian [[luthiers\|violin maker]]. Originally from a [[Piedmont]]ese village near [[Alessandria]], Lecchi showed great talent for woodworking at a young age. In 1924, he took over De Barbieri’s place in [[Cesare Candi]]’s workshop.<ref>{{cite book \| last=Blot \| first=Eric \| chapter=Liguria III \| title=Un secolo di liuteria italiana, 1860-1960 - A century of Italian violin making \| location=Cremona \| publisher=Turris \| year=1994 \| isbn=88-7929-125-4}}</ref> Lecchi proved to be an ideal partner for Candi and made a considerable contribution to his last series of decorated instruments, taking charge of the delicate inlays. By 1937, Lecchi was at his peak winning first prize for a quartet at the Stradivari bicentennial exhibition in Cremona. "His was a more ‘classical’ taste than that of all the other Genoese makers, and his way of making the Stradivari model was elegant and well balanced."<ref name="giordanoviolins.com">[http://www.giordanoviolins.com/english/articles/genoeseline.html Alberto Giordano&C. - Fine violins, violas and cellos in Genoa] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203140953/http://www.giordanoviolins.com/english/articles/genoeseline.html \|date=December 3, 2008 }}, from www.giordanoviolins.com</ref> Later on, he was given the honor of serving as official curator to [[Nicolo Paganini]]’s del Gesù “Cannon” violin,<ref name="carriagehouse.com">[http://carriagehouseviolins.com/giuseppe-lecchi-violin-50k-and-up Carriage House violins]</ref> which still belongs to the city of Genoa. Most of his violins don’t bear the sharp edges and consistent archings of modern Genoese instruments. Lecchi used Candi’s continuous lining technique only in his early period; soon after he began making the interiors in the traditional way, with the central linings mortised or simply set into the centre-blocks.<ref name="giordanoviolins.com"/> ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==References== {{cite book \| last=Blot \| first=Eric \| chapter=Liguria III \| title=Un secolo di liuteria italiana, 1860-1960 - A century of Italian violin making \| location=Cremona \| publisher=Turris \| year=1994 \| isbn=88-7929-125-4}} ==Further reading== La Liuteria Italiana / Italian Violin Making in the 1800s and 1900s - Umberto Azzolina {{Cite book \|author-first = Carlo \|author-last = Vettori \|author-link = Carlo Vettori \|year = 1992 \|title = I Maestri del Novecento \|language = it, en \|location = Firenze \|publisher = Arte Liutaria \|pages = 13–17 \|lccn = 93160943/MN \|oclc = 30318100 }} La Liuteria Lombarda del '900 - Roberto Codazzi, Cinzia Manfredini 2002 Dictionary of 20th Century Italian Violin Makers - [[Marlin Brinser]] 1978 {{cite book \| last=Vannes \| first=Rene \| title=Dictionnaire Universel del Luthiers (vol.3)\| location=Bruxelles \| publisher=Les Amis de la musique \| year=1985 \|orig-date=1951 \| oclc=53749830 }} * {{cite book \| last=William \| first=Henley \| title=[[Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers]] \| location=Brighton; England \| publisher=Amati \| year=1969 \| isbn=0-901424-00-5 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lecchi, Giuseppe}} [[Category:1895 births]] [[Category:1967 deaths]] [[Category:Italian luthiers]] [[Category:People from the Province of Alessandria]] [[Category:20th-century Italian musicians]]	1,299,153,387	[]	false
# Schwa with diaeresis Schwa with diaeresis (Ӛ ӛ; italics: Ӛ ӛ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is currently unique to the Eastern Khanty (Vakh-Vasyugan dialect). Ӛ is romanized with a Latin schwa and combining marks ⟨Ə̈ ə̈⟩ or ⟨À à⟩ in ISO-9. ## Usage This letter usually represents the close-mid central unrounded vowel /ɘ/. ## Computing codes \| Preview \| Ӛ \| Ӛ \| ӛ \| ӛ \| \| --------------------------- \| -------------------------------------------- \| -------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------ \| ------------------------------------------ \| \| Unicode name \| CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS \| CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS \| CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS \| CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS \| \| Encodings \| decimal \| hex \| dec \| hex \| \| Unicode \| 1242 \| U+04DA \| 1243 \| U+04DB \| \| UTF-8 \| 211 154 \| D3 9A \| 211 155 \| D3 9B \| \| Numeric character reference \| Ӛ \| Ӛ \| ӛ \| ӛ \|	enwiki/10231666	enwiki	10,231,666	Schwa with diaeresis	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwa_with_diaeresis	2025-07-07T11:01:40Z	en	Q425224	61,632	{{Short description\|Cyrillic letter used for /ɘ/ in Khanty}} {{Unreferenced\|date=April 2019}} {{infobox grapheme \|script = [[Cyrillic]] \|type = [[Alphabet]] \|typedesc = ic \|name = Schwa with diaeresis \|image = Cyrillic letter Schwa with Diaeresis.svg \|imagesize = 120px \|imagealt = \|phonemes = {{IPA\|[ɘ]}} \|number = \|fam1 = }} '''Schwa with diaeresis''' (Ӛ ӛ; italics: <span style="font-family: times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: larger">''Ӛ ӛ''</span>) is a letter of the [[Cyrillic script]]. It is currently unique to the [[Eastern Khanty language\|Eastern Khanty (Vakh-Vasyugan dialect)]]. Ӛ is romanized with a Latin [[schwa]] and combining marks {{angbr\|Ə̈ ə̈}} or {{angbr\|À à}} in ISO-9. ==Usage== This letter usually represents the [[close-mid central unrounded vowel]] {{IPA\|/ɘ/}}. ==Computing codes== {{charmap \|04DA\|name1=Cyrillic Capital Letter<br />Schwa with Diaeresis \|04DB\|name2=Cyrillic Small Letter<br />Schwa with Diaeresis }} ==See also== Ә ә : [[Schwa (Cyrillic)\|Cyrillic Schwa]] Ə ə : [[Ə\|Latin Ə]] *[[Schwa]] {{Cyrillic navbox}} [[Category:Cyrillic letters with diacritics]] [[Category:Letters with diaeresis]]	1,299,264,219	[{"title": "Usage", "data": {"Writing system": "Cyrillic", "Type": "Alphabetic", "Sound values": "[\u0258]"}}]	false
# Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team The Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team represents Greece in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches under the age 19 and it is ruled and managed by the Hellenic Volleyball Federation That is an affiliate of Federation of International Volleyball FIVB and also a part of European Volleyball Confederation CEV. ## Results ### Summer Youth Olympics Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| Youth Olympic Games \| \| Year \| Round \| Position \| Pld \| W \| L \| SW \| SL \| Squad \| \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| \| 2010 \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2014 \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| \| 2018 \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| No Volleyball Event \| \| Total \| 0 Titles \| 0/1 \| \| \| \| \| \| \| ### FIVB U19 World Championship Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| FIVB U19 World Championship \| \| Year \| Round \| Position \| Pld \| W \| L \| SW \| SL \| Squad \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| \| 1989 → \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2011 ← \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2013 \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| 2015 → \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2021 ← \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| Total \| 0 Titles \| 1/17 \| \| \| \| \| \| \| ### Europe Girls' Youth Championship Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| Europe Girls' Youth Championship \| \| \| Year \| Round \| Position \| Pld \| W \| L \| SW \| SL \| Squad \| \| \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| -------------- \| \| 1995 → \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2007 ← \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| 2009 \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| \| 2011 \| \| 8th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| \| / 2013 \| \| 5th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| \| 2015 \| \| 10th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| \| 2017 \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \| Squad \| \| \| 2018 → \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| \| 2022 ← \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| Didn't qualify \| \| \| Total \| 0 Titles \| 5/15 \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| ## Team ### Current squad The Following players is the Greek players that Competed in the 2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship \| # \| name \| position \| height \| weight \| birthday \| spike \| block \| \| \| anthouli martha evdokia \| opposite \| 198 \| 89 \| 2004 \| 296 \| 286 \| \| \| Antypa styliani \| outside-spiker \| 176 \| 62 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 265 \| \| \| Aplada niki \| middle-blocker \| 183 \| 63 \| 2002 \| 278 \| 274 \| \| \| Armoutsi tatiana \| middle-blocker \| 184 \| 73 \| 2003 \| 274 \| 264 \| \| \| Ballogianni konstantina \| outside-spiker \| 180 \| 68 \| 2003 \| 278 \| 269 \| \| \| Boki theodora \| middle-blocker \| 184 \| 62 \| 2002 \| 284 \| 276 \| \| \| Chatzigrigoriou nefeli \| setter \| 181 \| 63 \| 2002 \| 278 \| 269 \| \| \| Garofalaki evangelia \| setter \| 174 \| 67 \| 2003 \| 273 \| 263 \| \| \| Gkiourda styliani \| outside-spiker \| 177 \| 44 \| 2002 \| 274 \| 268 \| \| \| Kampylafka ioanna-anna \| libero \| 167 \| 60 \| 2003 \| 252 \| 248 \| \| \| Kontogiannoglou georgia-modesto \| libero \| 160 \| 52 \| 2002 \| 252 \| 250 \| \| \| Kostopoulou danai \| outside-spiker \| 177 \| 53 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 264 \| \| \| Koudouna danai \| opposite \| 178 \| 63 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 270 \| \| \| Kyparissi stamatia \| outside-spiker \| 184 \| 59 \| 2002 \| 289 \| 283 \| \| \| Merakli maria-nektaria \| opposite \| 190 \| 72 \| 2003 \| 286 \| 278 \| \| \| Pagomenou eleni \| outside-spiker \| 178 \| 64 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 270 \| \| \| Papadopoulou persefoni \| outside-spiker \| 180 \| 70 \| 2002 \| 278 \| 276 \| \| \| Papadopoulou victoria \| outside-spiker \| 178 \| 69 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 262 \| \| \| Petrinoli olga \| libero \| 164 \| 50 \| 2002 \| 254 \| 248 \| \| \| Plakia nikoleta \| middle-blocker \| 182 \| 55 \| 2002 \| 280 \| 270 \| \| \| Sidiropoulou maria \| outside-spiker \| 178 \| 60 \| 2002 \| 273 \| 270 \| \| \| Skempi aristea \| middle-blocker \| 190 \| 76 \| 2002 \| 285 \| 274 \| \| \| Souli nefeli efthymia \| setter \| 183 \| 61 \| 2002 \| 285 \| 282 \| \| \| Trilyraki agni \| outside-spiker \| 178 \| 60 \| 2003 \| 272 \| 270 \| \| \| Tsopanoglou martha \| outside-spiker \| 175 \| 53 \| 2002 \| 272 \| 267 \| \| \| Veneti alexandra \| setter \| 182 \| 65 \| 2002 \| 283 \| 275 \|	enwiki/63303878	enwiki	63,303,878	Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece_women%27s_national_under-19_volleyball_team	2025-01-11T02:45:31Z	en	Q111982629	126,663	{{Infobox national volleyball team \|name=Greece U19 \|gender=women \| type = U18 \|image=Flag of Greece.svg \|federation= [[Hellenic Volleyball Federation]] \|website= [http://www.volleyball.gr Official website] \|confederation=CEV \|manager= \|coach= \|pattern_la1=\|pattern_b1=_whitesides\|pattern_ra1=\|leftarm1=0D5EAF\|body1=0D5EAF\|rightarm1=0D5EAF\|shorts1=0D5EAF \|pattern_la2=\|pattern_b2=_000030bluesides\|pattern_ra2=\|leftarm2=FFFFFF\|body2=FFFFFF\|rightarm2=FFFFFF\|shorts2=000030 \|pattern_la3=\|pattern_b3=_000030bluesides\|pattern_ra3=\|leftarm3=000066\|body3=333399\|rightarm3=000066\|shorts3=333399 \| Olympic apps = \| Olympic first= \| Olympic best = \| World Champs apps = 1 \| World Champs first= 2013 \| World Champs best = 12th place : ([[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|2013]]) \| Regional name = [[Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|Europe U18 / U17 Championship]] \| Regional cup apps = 5 \| Regional cup first = [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2009]] \| Regional cup best = 5th place : ([[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2013]]) }} The '''Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team''' represents Greece in international women's [[volleyball]] competitions and friendly matches under the age 19 and it is ruled and managed by the [[Hellenic Volleyball Federation]] That is an affiliate of [[Fédération Internationale de Volleyball\|Federation of International Volleyball]] '''FIVB''' and also a part of [[European Volleyball Confederation]] '''CEV'''. == History == {{Empty section\|date=July 2022}} ==Results== ===Summer Youth Olympics=== {{Color box\|gold\|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box\|silver\|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box\|#cc9966\|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box\|#9acdff;\|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|- !colspan=9\|[[Youth Olympic Games]]<ref>Todor66 volleyball [http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/ Championship Information] competitions</ref> \|- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip\|Pld\|Games played}} !{{Tooltip\|W\|Won}} !{{Tooltip\|L\|Lost}} !{{Tooltip\|SW\|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip\|SL\|Sets against}} !<small>Squad</small> \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|SIN}} [[Volleyball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' tournament\|2010]] \| colspan=8 \| Didn't qualify \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|CHN}} [[2014 Summer Youth Olympics\|2014]] \|colspan=8 rowspan=2 align=center\| No Volleyball Event \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|ARG}} [[2018 Summer Youth Olympics\|2018]] \|- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 0/1 !!!!!!!!!!!! \|} ===FIVB U19 World Championship=== {{Color box\|gold\|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box\|silver\|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box\|#cc9966\|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box\|#9acdff;\|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|- !colspan=9\|[[FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship\|FIVB U19 World Championship]]<ref>Todor66 volleyball [http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/ Championship Information] competitions</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110518024049/http://sports123.com/vol/index.html sports123.com volleyball] Retrieved 25 July 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.the-sports.org/volleyball-s3.html Thesports.org volleyball] Retrieved 25 July 2022</ref> \|- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip\|Pld\|Games played}} !{{Tooltip\|W\|Won}} !{{Tooltip\|L\|Lost}} !{{Tooltip\|SW\|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip\|SL\|Sets against}} !<small>Squad</small> \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|Brazil}} [[1989 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|1989]] → \| colspan="8" rowspan=2\| Didn't qualify \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|TUR}} [[2011 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|2011]] ← \|- \| {{flagicon\|THA}} [[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|2013]] \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \| <small>[[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|PER}} [[2015 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|2015]] → \| colspan="8" rowspan="2"\| Didn't qualify \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|MEX}} [[2021 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship\|2021]] ← \|- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 1/17 !!!!!!!!!!!! \|} ===Europe Girls' Youth Championship=== {{Color box\|gold\|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box\|silver\|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box\|#cc9966\|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box\|#9acdff;\|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|- !colspan=9\|[[Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|Europe Girls' Youth Championship]] \|- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip\|Pld\|Games played}} !{{Tooltip\|W\|Won}} !{{Tooltip\|L\|Lost}} !{{Tooltip\|SW\|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip\|SL\|Sets against}} !<small>Squad</small> \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|ESP}} [[1995 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|1995]] → \| colspan="9" rowspan="2" \| Didn't qualify \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|CZE}} [[2007 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2007]] ← \|- \| {{flagicon\|NED}} [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2009]] \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \|<small> [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- \| {{flagicon\|TUR}} [[2011 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2011]] \| \| 8th place \| \| \| \| \| \|<small> [[2011 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- \| {{flagicon\|MNE}}/{{flagicon\|SRB}} [[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2013]] \| \| 5th place \| \| \| \| \| \|<small> [[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- \| {{flagicon\|BUL}} [[2015 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship\|2015]] \| \| 10th place \| \| \| \| \| \|<small> [[2015 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- \| {{flagicon\|NED}} [[2017 Girls' U18 Volleyball European Championship\|2017]] \| \| 12th place \| \| \| \| \| \|<small> [[2017 Girls' U18 Volleyball European Championship squads\|Squad]]</small> \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|BUL}} [[2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship\|2018]] → \| colspan="8" rowspan=2 \| Didn't qualify \|- bgcolor="efefef" \| {{flagicon\|CZE}} [[2022 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship\|2022]] ← \|- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 5/15 !!!!!!!!!!!! \|} {{col-end}} ==Team== ===Current squad=== The Following players is the Greek players that Competed in the [[2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=https://www.cev.eu/Competition-Area/CompetitionTeamDetails.aspx?TeamID=10768&ID=1046\|title=CEV Teams Rosters\|website=Cev.eu\|access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref> {\| Class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" \|- !Style="width:2em"\| # \|style="width:12em"\|'''name''' !Style="width:8em"\| '''position''' \|style="width:5em"\|'''height''' !Style="width:5em"\|'''weight''' !Style="width:5em"\|'''birthday''' \|style="width:5em"\|'''spike''' !Style="width:5em"\|'''block''' \|- \| \|\|anthouli martha evdokia\|\|opposite\|\|198\|\|89\|\|2004\|\|296\|\|286 \|- \| \|\|Antypa styliani\|\|outside-spiker\|\|176\|\|62\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|265 \|- \| \|\|Aplada niki\|\|middle-blocker\|\|183\|\|63\|\|2002\|\|278\|\|274 \|- \| \|\|Armoutsi tatiana\|\|middle-blocker\|\|184\|\|73\|\|2003\|\|274\|\|264 \|- \| \|\|Ballogianni konstantina\|\|outside-spiker\|\|180\|\|68\|\|2003\|\|278\|\|269 \|- \| \|\|Boki theodora\|\|middle-blocker\|\|184\|\|62\|\|2002\|\|284\|\|276 \|- \| \|\|Chatzigrigoriou nefeli\|\|setter\|\|181\|\|63\|\|2002\|\|278\|\|269 \|- \| \|\|Garofalaki evangelia\|\|setter\|\|174\|\|67\|\|2003\|\|273\|\|263 \|- \| \|\|Gkiourda styliani\|\|outside-spiker\|\|177\|\|44\|\|2002\|\|274\|\|268 \|- \| \|\|Kampylafka ioanna-anna\|\|libero\|\|167\|\|60\|\|2003\|\|252\|\|248 \|- \| \|\|Kontogiannoglou georgia-modesto\|\|libero\|\|160\|\|52\|\|2002\|\|252\|\|250 \|- \| \|\|Kostopoulou danai\|\|outside-spiker\|\|177\|\|53\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|264 \|- \| \|\|Koudouna danai\|\|opposite\|\|178\|\|63\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|270 \|- \| \|\|Kyparissi stamatia\|\|outside-spiker\|\|184\|\|59\|\|2002\|\|289\|\|283 \|- \| \|\|Merakli maria-nektaria\|\|opposite\|\|190\|\|72\|\|2003\|\|286\|\|278 \|- \| \|\|Pagomenou eleni\|\|outside-spiker\|\|178\|\|64\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|270 \|- \| \|\|Papadopoulou persefoni\|\|outside-spiker\|\|180\|\|70\|\|2002\|\|278\|\|276 \|- \| \|\|Papadopoulou victoria\|\|outside-spiker\|\|178\|\|69\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|262 \|- \| \|\|Petrinoli olga\|\|libero\|\|164\|\|50\|\|2002\|\|254\|\|248 \|- \| \|\|Plakia nikoleta\|\|middle-blocker\|\|182\|\|55\|\|2002\|\|280\|\|270 \|- \| \|\|Sidiropoulou maria\|\|outside-spiker\|\|178\|\|60\|\|2002\|\|273\|\|270 \|- \| \|\|Skempi aristea\|\|middle-blocker\|\|190\|\|76\|\|2002\|\|285\|\|274 \|- \| \|\|Souli nefeli efthymia\|\|setter\|\|183\|\|61\|\|2002\|\|285\|\|282 \|- \| \|\|Trilyraki agni\|\|outside-spiker\|\|178\|\|60\|\|2003\|\|272\|\|270 \|- \| \|\|Tsopanoglou martha\|\|outside-spiker\|\|175\|\|53\|\|2002\|\|272\|\|267 \|- \| \|\|Veneti alexandra\|\|setter\|\|182\|\|65\|\|2002\|\|283\|\|275 \|- \|} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== [http://www.volleyball.gr Official website] [http://www.fivb.org/EN/FIVB/Federation.asp?NF=GRE FIVB profile] {{Women's U18 CEV teams}} {{National sports teams of Greece}} {{Volleyball in Greece}} [[Category:National women's under-18 volleyball teams]] [[Category:Women's national sports teams of Greece\|Volleyball]] [[Category:Volleyball in Greece]] [[Category:Women's volleyball in Greece]]	1,268,697,651	[{"title": "Greece U19", "data": {"Association": "Hellenic Volleyball Federation", "Confederation": "CEV"}}, {"title": "Uniforms", "data": {"Home": "Away \u00b7 Third"}}, {"title": "FIVB U19 World Championship", "data": {"Appearances": "1 (First in 2013)", "Best result": "12th place : (2013)"}}, {"title": "Europe U18 / U17 Championship", "data": {"Appearances": "5 (First in 2009)", "Best result": "5th place : (2013)", "Europe U18 / U17 Championship": "Official website"}}]	false
# Merces baronets The Merces Baronetcy, of France, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 2 April 1660 for Anthony de Merces, a French gentleman. However, nothing further is known of him or any possible descendants. ## Merces baronets, of France (1660) - Sir Anthony de Merces, 1st Baronet	enwiki/32734802	enwiki	32,734,802	Merces baronets	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merces_baronets	2025-06-10T10:55:42Z	en	Q6818336	10,946	{{Short description\|Extinct baronetcy in the Baronetage of England}} {{Use British English\|date=April 2012}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2023}} The '''Merces Baronetcy''', of [[France]], was a [[British nobility\|title]] in the [[List of extant baronetcies\|Baronetage of England]]. It was created on 2 April 1660 for Anthony de Merces, a French gentleman. However, nothing further is known of him or any possible descendants. ==Merces baronets, of France (1660)== Sir Anthony de Merces, 1st Baronet ==References== {{Rayment-bt\|date=March 2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Merces}} [[Category:Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of England]] {{England-baronet-stub}}	1,294,883,866	[]	false
# Ventura Rodríguez (Madrid Metro) Ventura Rodríguez [benˈtuɾa roˈðɾiɣeθ] is a station on Line 3 of the Madrid Metro. It is located in fare Zone A. Its name is taken from the Calle de Ventura Rodríguez, which is named for the architect and artist Ventura Rodríguez (1717–1785).	enwiki/41201304	enwiki	41,201,304	Ventura Rodríguez (Madrid Metro)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventura_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(Madrid_Metro)	2024-11-24T21:14:44Z	en	Q2378663	51,521	{{short description\|Madrid Metro station}} {{Infobox station \| name = Ventura Rodríguez \| symbol_location = madrid \| symbol = metro \| type = [[Madrid Metro]] station \| image = Ventura Rodríguez 1778.jpg \| alt = \| caption = \| address = [[Centro (Madrid)\|Centro]] / [[Moncloa-Aravaca]], [[Madrid]] \| borough = \| country = Spain \| coordinates = {{coord\|40.4270848\|-3.7134076\|display=inline,title}} \| map_type = Spain Madrid \| owned = [[Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid\|CRTM]] \| operator = [[Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid\|CRTM]] \| line = \| distance = \| platforms = \| tracks = \| train_operators = \| connections = \| structure = Underground \| parking = \| bicycle = \| accessible = Yes \| code = \| website = \| opened = {{Start date and age\|1941\|07\|15\|df=y}} \| closed = <!-- {{End date and age\|YYYY\|MM\|DD\|df=y}} --> \| passengers = \| pass_year = \| pass_rank = \| services = {{Adjacent stations\|system=Madrid Metro\|line=3\|left=Plaza de España\|right=Argüelles}} \| zone = A }} '''Ventura Rodríguez''' {{IPA\|es\|benˈtuɾa roˈðɾiɣeθ\|}} is a station on [[Line 3 (Madrid Metro)\|Line 3]] of the [[Madrid Metro]]. It is located in fare Zone A.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.metromadrid.es/en/linea/linea-3#estacion-309\|title=Línea 3\|publisher=Metro de Madrid\|language=en\|access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> Its name is taken from the Calle de Ventura Rodríguez, which is named for the architect and artist [[Ventura Rodríguez]] (1717–1785).<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.lineasdelmetro.com/estaciones/madrid/ventura-rodriguez/\|title=Estación de metro Ventura Rodríguez\|date=October 6, 2021\|website=Todas las Líneas de Metro y Estaciones de España}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Commons category\|Estación de Ventura Rodríguez}} {{Madrid Metro station\|line3=yes}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ventura Rodriguez (Madrid Metro)}} [[Category:Line 3 (Madrid Metro) stations]] [[Category:Railway stations in Spain opened in 1941]] {{Spain-railstation-stub}} {{Madrid-metro-stub}}	1,259,378,344	[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Centro / Moncloa-Aravaca, Madrid \u00b7 Spain", "Coordinates": "40\u00b025\u203238\u2033N 3\u00b042\u203248\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff40.4270848\u00b0N 3.7134076\u00b0W", "Owned by": "CRTM", "Operated by": "CRTM"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "Underground", "Accessible": "Yes"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Fare zone": "A"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "15 July 1941"}}, {"title": "Services", "data": {"Preceding station": "Madrid Metro \u00b7 Following station", "Plaza de Espa\u00f1atowards Villaverde Alto": "Line 3 \u00b7 Arg\u00fcellestowards Moncloa"}}]	false
# Río Grande Department Río Grande Department (Spanish: Departamento Río Grande) is a department of Argentina in Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina. The largest city and seat of the department is the city of Río Grande. It was established in the early 20th century as an agricultural colony, followed by the development of its port and, the further discovery of oil, have shaped its economic and demographic landscape. ## History The history of the area dates to an expedition led by Julio Popper discovering the Río Grande in October 1886. The establishment of the first Salesian Mission in 1893 is considered the earliest record of white settlement in the region. Río Grande was officially founded on 11 July 1921, and was recognized by a central government decree as the "Agricultural Colony of Río Grande." Initially, land was divided into large estates among a few families until an agrarian reform in 1925. The city experienced rapid growth as a port and a center for large sheep farming estancias. The discovery of oil in 1959, spurred significant migratory movements, further complemented by migrations in the 1970s and 1980s due to the promulgation of the Law of Economic Promotion, offering tax exemptions and subsidies to industries and settlers. ## Geography The Río Grande Department is located in the Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands, in the southern part of Argentina. The department's seat and most populous city, Río Grande, is situated on the northeast coast of the Great Island of Tierra del Fuego, bordering the Argentine Sea, an extension of the South Atlantic Ocean. A notable geographical feature is the cape of Cabo San Sebastián in the Argentine Sea in the northeast sector of the Big Island of Tierra del Fuego. This area features coasts with high cliffs interspersed with lower sandy and silty sections, known for its significant tidal ranges. The topography of the Río Grande Department primarily features plains in the eastern part, typical of the broader Patagonian region. The department's landscape is influenced by its proximity to the Andes mountain range to the west. The region experiences a cold and windy climate. ## Demographics The Río Grande Department is home to the city of Río Grande, which is the most densely populated urban center in the Province of Tierra del Fuego. In 2020, the total population of the city of Río Grande was 64,535 inhabitants, with approximately 51.5% women and 48.5% men. The age ranges with the largest population concentration were 10 to 14 years, 5 to 9 years, and 15 to 19 years, collectively representing 27.1% of the total population. Migrants entering Río Grande in the last five years primarily came from the United States, Argentina (other provinces), and Canada, mostly for family or labor reasons.	enwiki/53797888	enwiki	53,797,888	Río Grande Department	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Grande_Department	2025-06-29T14:32:02Z	en	Q1913183	51,660	{{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->\| name = Río Grande Department \| native_name = \| native_name_lang = es<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> \| settlement_type = [[Departments of Argentina\|Department]] \| image_skyline = \| image_alt = \| image_caption = \| image_flag = Bandera-rio-grande.svg \| flag_alt = \| nickname = \| motto = \| image_map = Río_Grande_(Provincia_de_Tierra_del_Fuego_-_Argentina).svg \| map_alt = \| mapsize = 180px \| map_caption = Location of Río Grande Department within Tierra del Fuego Province \| pushpin_map = <!-- Argentina --> \| pushpin_label_position = \| pushpin_map_alt = \| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Río Grande Department within Tierra del Fuego Province \| coordinates = {{coord\|53\|47\|11\|S\|67\|41\|48\|W\|region:AR_type:adm2nd\|display=inline,title}} \| coor_pinpoint = \| coordinates_footnotes = \| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states\|Country]] \| subdivision_name = {{flag\|Argentina}} \| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Argentina\|Province]] \| subdivision_name1 = [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina\|Tierra del Fuego Province]] \| established_title = \| established_date = \| founder = \| seat_type = Head town \| seat = [[Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego\|Río Grande]] \| government_footnotes = \| leader_party = \| leader_title = \| leader_name = \| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK --> \| area_footnotes = <ref name="INDEC">{{cite web \|url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/censo2001s2_2/Datos/94000C22.xls \|title=Provincia según departamento. Población, superficie y densidad. Años 1991 y 2001 \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717002133/http://www.indec.gov.ar/censo2001s2_2/Datos/94000C22.xls \|archivedate=17 July 2010 \|accessdate=16 May 2017}}</ref> \| area_total_km2 = 12181 \| area_note = \| elevation_footnotes = \| elevation_m = \| population_footnotes = \| population_total = 70042 \| population_as_of = 2010 \| population_density_km2 = auto \| population_demonym = \| population_note = \| timezone1 = [[Time in Argentina\|ART]] \| utc_offset1 = -3 \| postal_code_type = \| postal_code = \| area_code_type = \| area_code = \| iso_code = \| website = <!-- [http://www.example.com example.com] --> \| footnotes = \| official_name = \| image_shield = File:Escudo oficial rio grande.jpg }} '''Río Grande Department''' ({{langx\|es\|Departamento Río Grande}}) is a [[Departments of Argentina\|department of Argentina]] in [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina\|Tierra del Fuego Province]], Argentina. The largest city and seat of the department is the city of [[Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego\|Río Grande]]. It was established in the early 20th century as an agricultural colony, followed by the development of its port and, the further discovery of oil, have shaped its economic and demographic landscape. == History == The history of the area dates to an expedition led by [[Julio Popper]] discovering the Río Grande in October 1886. The establishment of the first Salesian Mission in 1893 is considered the earliest record of white settlement in the region. Río Grande was officially founded on 11 July 1921, and was recognized by a central government decree as the "Agricultural Colony of Río Grande." Initially, land was divided into large estates among a few families until an agrarian reform in 1925.<ref name="Hist">{{cite web\|url=https://www.interpatagonia.com/riogrande/historia_i.html\|title=Río Grande: Historia\|work=InterPatagonia\|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The city experienced rapid growth as a port and a center for large sheep farming estancias. The discovery of oil in 1959, spurred significant migratory movements, further complemented by migrations in the 1970s and 1980s due to the promulgation of the Law of Economic Promotion, offering tax exemptions and subsidies to industries and settlers.<ref name="Hist"/> == Geography == The Río Grande Department is located in the [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina\|Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands]], in the southern part of Argentina. The department's seat and most populous city, Río Grande, is situated on the northeast coast of the Great Island of Tierra del Fuego, bordering the [[Argentine Sea]], an extension of the South Atlantic Ocean.<ref name="Info">{{cite web\|url=https://www.tecni Austral.com/en/rio-grande-1/\|title=Río Grande - Tecni Austral\|work=Tecni Austral\|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> A notable geographical feature is the cape of Cabo San Sebastián in the Argentine Sea in the northeast sector of the Big Island of Tierra del Fuego. This area features coasts with high cliffs interspersed with lower sandy and silty sections, known for its significant tidal ranges.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.mindat.org/loc-239874.html\|title=Cabo San Sebastián\|work=Mindat.org\|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The topography of the Río Grande Department primarily features plains in the eastern part, typical of the broader Patagonian region. The department's landscape is influenced by its proximity to the [[Andes]] mountain range to the west.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://chilenativo.travel/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/mapa-provincia-tierra-del-fuego-ingles-WEB-1.pdf\|title=Tierra Del Fuego\|work=Chile Nativo Travel\|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The region experiences a cold and windy climate. <ref name="Info"/> == Demographics == The Río Grande Department is home to the city of Río Grande, which is the most densely populated urban center in the Province of Tierra del Fuego. In 2020, the total population of the city of Río Grande was 64,535 inhabitants, with approximately 51.5% women and 48.5% men. The age ranges with the largest population concentration were 10 to 14 years, 5 to 9 years, and 15 to 19 years, collectively representing 27.1% of the total population. Migrants entering Río Grande in the last five years primarily came from the United States, Argentina (other provinces), and Canada, mostly for family or labor reasons.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.economia.gob.mx/datamexico/en/profile/geo/rio-grande\|title=Río Grande\|work=Data México\|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Departments Tierra del Fuego}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rio Grande Department}} [[Category:Departments of Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina]]	1,297,944,725	[{"title": "R\u00edo Grande Department", "data": {"Country": "Argentina", "Province": "Tierra del Fuego Province", "Head town": "R\u00edo Grande"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "12,181 km2 (4,703 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (2010)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "70,042", "\u2022 Density": "5.8/km2 (15/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC-3 (ART)"}}]	false
# Daniela Mercury Daniela Mercury (born Daniela Mercuri de Almeida on July 28, 1965) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, and producer. In her solo career, Mercury has sold over 11 million records worldwide, and had 24 Top 10 singles in the country, with 14 of them reached No. 1. Winner of a Latin Grammy for her album Balé Mulato – Ao Vivo, she also received six Brazilian Music Award, an APCA award, three Multishow Brazilian Music Awards and two awards at VMB: Best Music Video and Photography. In 1991, Mercury released her self-titled album, which was followed by O Canto da Cidade a year later, boosting her career as a national artist and taking the axé music to the evidence. Over the years, Mercury released several albums, generating great singles like "Swing da Cor", "O Canto da Cidade", "À Primeira Vista", "Rapunzel", "Nobre Vagabundo", "Ilê Pérola Negra", "Mutante", "Maimbê Dandá", "Levada Brasileira", "Oyá Por Nós", among others. She recorded a commemorative DVD of Cirque du Soleil's 25th anniversary, and was part of the Montreal Jazz Festival. In addition, Mercury was invited to participate in the Alejandro Sanz's DVD, and sing with Paul McCartney in Oslo, Norway, during the delivery of the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2009 she released her album called Canibália, along with the album, Daniela launched an international tour. The album spawned three singles: "Preta" with Seu Jorge, "Oyá Por Nós" with Margareth Menezes and "Sol do Sul". That same year, writer and intellectual Camille Paglia, who had an intellectual "passion" for Madonna, said Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna would like to be. In 2011 the American TV channel CBS, elected Daniela Mercury as the "Carmen Miranda of the new times". The Canibália album was released in the United States yielded a critique of The New York Times saying: "Daniela Mercury goes beyond the concepts that were stressed during her career (...) with a contemporary pop, embracing ethnic and cultural diversity of Brazil (particularly african-Brazilian culture, while Daniela Mercury is white), remembering the past and transforming it." ## Early life Daniela Mercuri de Almeida was born on July 28, 1965, in the Portuguese Hospital in Salvador, Bahia. Her mother is Liliana Mercuri, a social worker of Italian ancestry, and her father is António Fernando de Abreu Ferreira de Almeida, a Portuguese emigrant industrial mechanic. Mercury grew up in a middle class household in the Brotas neighborhood of Salvador with her four siblings: Tom, Cristiana, Vânia (who would also become a singer, billed as Vânia Abreu), and Marcos. A troublemaker as a child, Mercury was nicknamed "drip-fire". She attended both the Ana Néri School and the Colégio Baiano. At eight years old, Mercury began taking dance lessons, particularly classical ballet, jazz, and African dances. At age 13, influenced by the work of Elis Regina, she decided to become a singer. Her repertoire consisted of bossa nova as well as the music of Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, and Chico Buarque. To her parents' unease she started singing in local bars in 1980. She made her trio elétrico debut soon afterward, during the 1981 carnival. Mercury's zeal for dance eventually led her to the Federal University of Bahia, where she enrolled in the Dance School in 1984. A year later she married electronic engineer Zalther Póvoas and gave birth to Gabriel Almeida Póvoas. The next year she gave birth to daughter Giovana Almeida Póvoas. ## Career ### Early career (1984–1990) From 1986 to 1988, Mercury was the lead singer for the band Cheiro de Amor. Mercury continued to pursue a career in music and, by 1988, was a backup singer for Gilberto Gil. In 1989, recorded her first two albums as the lead singer of pop band Companhia Clic. Their songs "Pega que Oh!" and "Ilha das Bananas" became minor hits in Bahia radio stations. As the 1990s began, Mercury decided to pursue a solo career. ### Rise to fame (1991–1993) Mercury's self-titled debut album was released in 1991 through independent record company Eldorado. The lead single of the album, "Swing da Cor", which features Olodum, became a number-one hit in Brazil, and the album was soon known as Swing da Cor. Another song from the album, "Menino do Pelô", which also features Olodum, became Mercury's second top-ten hit in Brazil, charting at number four. On the following year, Mercury shut off from the record company and, ever since, produces her own albums to negotiate the distribution of them later with the labels that are interested. In 1992, she presented the project "Som do Meio-Dia" (Midday Sound) at the Art Museum of São Paulo (MASP). The show brought together over thirty thousand spectators, which eventually leave the traffic jam in the vicinity of the Paulista Avenue. After forty-minutes concert, Daniela was removed from the stage by representatives of the São Paulo tourist office, that concerned with the museum structure, obtained an order from the military police to remove it from the local. Soon after the show, Daniela was hired by Sony Music label and through this, released her second solo album, O Canto da Cidade. The album was considered by journalist André Domingues one of the best MPB albums ever. O Canto da Cidade is Mercury's album with most number-one songs (four in total; "O Canto da Cidade", "O Mais Belo dos Belos", "Batuque" and "Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano"). O Canto da Cidade is recognized as the album responsible for taking Axé Music to mainstream audiences in Brazil. The album also yielded Mercury, a year-end special on Rede Globo channel, which were mixed with live performances in the square of Apotheosis in Rio de Janeiro, and video clips with Caetano Veloso, Herbert Vianna and Tom Jobim. Years later, the special, previously unreleased in video was released on DVD to celebrate the 15th anniversary of the release of the album. In July 1993, Mercury was one of Brazil's attractions at the prestigious Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland. Some consider O Canto da Cidade was the forerunner of the samba-reggae movement, then called Axé Music, gaining strength in all regions of the country and allowing other genre artists, were featured in the Brazilian music scene. It is believed that after this album, the Carnival of Bahia gained a massive media coverage. Mercury experienced during this period, a peak of popularity rarely seen in the history of Brazilian music industry, being dubbed "the hurricane of Bahia" and "Queen of the Axé". ### Artistic development (1994–2000) In 1994, Música de Rua was released through Sony. The album was received with lukewarm reviews, with some critics complaining about the similarities between this album and its predecessor. Nevertheless, the album was very well received by the public, producing the hits "Música de Rua", "O Reggae e o Mar" (both number-one hits), "Por Amor ao Ilê" (a top-ten hit) and "A Rosa" (top-twenty). This was Mercury's first album to produce singles which have failed to chart. In 1996, Feijão com Arroz was released through Sony. This album was much better received by the critics than its predecessor. It is Mercury's most well rated album at Allmusic, with four and a half stars. As of today, Feijão com Arroz is Mercury's second best selling album, behind only O Canto da Cidade. It produced the hits "À Primeira Vista", "Nobre Vagabundo", "Rapunzel" (all number-one hits), "Minas com Bahia" (which features Samuel Rosa from Skank and was a top-twenty hit) and "Feijão de Corda" (a top-ten hit). In 1998, Mercury's first live album, Elétrica was released through Sony. It produced the top-ten hit "Trio Metal", which charted at number eight. ### Experimentation with electronica (2000–2004) In 2000, Mercury released her fifth studio album, Sol da Liberdade, through BMG. It produced two number-one singles ("Ilê Pérola Negra" and a cover of Antonio Marcus' "Como Vai Você"). The album, which was produced by Suba, was innovative in Mercury's career for its fusion with electronic music sounds. The following year, Mercury released Sou de Qualquer Lugar through BMG. The album sold half of its predecessor, but was able to produce the number-one single "Mutante", a cover of Rita Lee. In this album, Mercury also experimented with electronic sounds. In April 2003, Mercuy's second live album, MTV ao Vivo – Eletrodoméstico, was released through BMG. It was recorded on January 23 and 24 of that same year at the Castro Alves Theater in Salvador for MTV Brasil. It was also released in the DVD format, Mercury's first. Among the artists who performed with the singer were Dulce Pontes, Rosario Flores, Jovanotti, Carlinhos Brown and Olodum. The sales were very inferior to Mercury's previous and it only produced one top twenty hit ("Meu Plano"). In 2004, Carnaval Eletrônico was released through BMG. For the recording of this album, Mercury invited DJs and producers of electronic music in Brazil, as well as Gilberto Gil, Carlinhos Brown, and Lenine. It is a commemorative disc celebrating the five years of her having formed TrioTechno, the first trio elétrico of electronic music in Bahian Carnaval. The disc received a Latin Grammy nomination for best pop album of the year and Mercury was nominated for a TIM Award for best female pop/rock vocalist. Internet users voted Carnaval Eletrônico the best pop album of the year online in one of Brazil's most important weekly magazines Revista Isto É. ### Back to basics (2005–2007) In 2005, Clássica was released through Som Livre on both CD and DVD. Recorded from a concert Mercury gave the year before at São Paulo's Casa de Espetáculo, the album is a sampler of bossa nova, jazz, and some of her biggest MPB hits. The record signaled a new phase for Mercury, who chose independence from record companies to gain full control of her work. Mercury was in London, during the July 7 bombings. That same year, Mercury's eighth studio album, Balé Mulato, was released, but through EMI. The album was very well received by the critics, with some even saying it was Mercury's best album since Feijão com Arroz (1996). It was not, however, very well received by the public, with none of the singles being able to chart on the top-ten; a large part due to lack of record company support. The next year, the Latin Grammy Award-winning live version of Balé Mulato, was released. Daniela Mercury has completed her newest release, Canibália. Canibalia was launched in October 2009. ### Reinventing popular culture with Canibália and working with Cabeça de Nós Todos (2007–2013) On November 19, 2007, the singer released "Preta", which features Seu Jorge. The song, which is strongly influenced by samba, was one of the most played in the country during the carnival. For the 2009's Carnival, Mercury recorded the song "Oyá Por Nós", who wrote with Alfredo Moura and Margareth Menezes. The theme, based on the song "Ketu de Iansã" was first used by Moura in the doctoral ceremony honoris-cause of Gilberto Gil at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. After that, Moura used the theme in a play in Vienna, Austria, at the University of Musicology. A year later, he showed the theme for Daniela, who did not know and she immediately wanted to record it to launch in the Carnival. In 2009, Rolling Stone Brasil magazine named Daniela as one of the 100 greatest artists of Brazilian music of all time. The names chosen by the expert jury, only 16 were women. Finally in November 2009, Daniela released the album entitled Canibália. The album marks her return to the studio after five years. The recording sessions for the album takes almost three years to be done, Canibália hit stores with five different covers – a Gringo Cardia project. And five different track lists for the album, according to the singer, is an extensive project that combines music, dance, video and plastic arts – various expressions of art covered by it. Daniela Mercury has said that "Canibália is an embrace, a swallow of Tropicália, the Clube da Esquina and everything that has since been created in the arts in Brazil since the – ‘Semana de 22’ [‘Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 ’-The Week of Modern Art] – I yearn for the liberty that comes from this anthropophagic movement, of the Cannibalist Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade and its practice by Mario [de Andrade), who spoke that these mixtures reinforce our [Brazilian] identity". José Oswald de Andrade Souza (1890 – October 1954) was a Brazilian poet and a controversial thinker. Born in São Paulo, Andrade was one of the founders of the Brazilian Modernist movement and a member of the Group of Five, including Mário de Andrade, Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral Oswald de Andrade]. Andrade is recognized by his nationalist, Manifesto Antropófago (Cannibalist Manifesto), published in 1928. The manifesto argues that based on the premise that the history of Brazil has, as its greatest strength, the power to cannibalize others and simultaneously plays with the idea of cannibalism as a modern primitivism; like a presumed tribal rite. Cannibalism then, becomes a way for Brazil to reaffirm itself against the cultural domination of Post Colonial Europe. The iconic phrase of the manifesto "Tupi or not Tupi" is as much a celebration of the Tupinamba, a documented tribe of cannibals, as it is an act of genius cannibalizing Shakespeare's, "To be or not to be". In 2009, her tour named by the album title started in São Paulo, and traveled to several Brazilian cities and abroad. The work pays tribute to Carmen Miranda, at her centenary, with songs like "Tico-Tico no Fubá" and "O Que É Que A Baiana Tem?". For 2010's Carnival, Daniela Mercury recorded "Andarilho Encantado", song released officially in the special project of the singer called Pôr do Som (Sunset Sound), the show that brings Mercury as headliner each year on the first day of the year at the Farol da Barra, in Salvador, Bahia. The song was written by Mercury and Marcelo Quintanilha. Also in 2010, the year that the Electric Trio celebrates 60 years and Axé Music 25 years, the singer reaches 20 years of solo career – with significant-selling records. To commemorate the date, the media raised the possibility it make a documentary film about this invention of Bahian carnival, the axé music, praising percussionists. In February 2013, the singer was invited to be interviewed in the Leading Women program of CNN International, and was announced by the issuer as the "Brazilian Madonna". The attraction highlights the most influential women in the world in their fields. Already in 2012, the Bahian singer had attracted the attention of American writer and feminist Camille Paglia, who declared to the British newspaper The Independent, that had a "crush" by the Bahian star. Since she had been in the country, for a conference in Bahia, Paglia has written enthusiastic articles about Mercury, saying that Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna wanted to be. Paglia said, a Canadian television station, which is "in love with a Brazilian superstar. I'm watching her work. She is Daniela Mercury. In fact, this has been very important. This is the point where I am in my life" . In an interview with the Brazilian magazine Veja, intellectual revealed her plans to write two books about the Bahian singer. At the end of 2013, released the album Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos, a partnership with the Brazilian group Cabeça de Nós Todos, with songs like "Couché", "Alma Feminina", "Paula e Bebeto", "Aquele Abraço" and "Cheia de Graça" are some of the tracks are presented in this work. It is an urban and pop-rock album, which does not show Daniela's rhythmic signature; it was launched with a book called "Daniela and Malu, A Love Story", a partnership with her wife Malu Verçosa. The book tells the story of their relationship, from the moment of friendship to marriage. ### The Voice Kids and Vinil Virtual (2014–present) In 2014, she was mentor on The Voice Kids (the version for children of the traditional show The Voice) of Portugal, because of her popularity in Portuguese lands. In the same year she released the single "A Rainha do Axé (Rainha Má)", an electronic ijexá that speaks about the strength of women, love and faith which was sung by revelers during the 2015's Carnival of Salvador. The single is the first single to the fifteenth studio album by the singer titled Vinil Virtual, released November 27, 2015 by the label Biscoito Fino. ## Personal life In 1984, at 19, Mercury married electronic engineer Zalther Portela Laborda Póvoas, her high school boyfriend. The next year, on September 3, 1985, she gave birth to their first child, Gabriel (who is also a singer and songwriter). The following year, she gave birth to a girl named Giovana (who is now a dancer in Mercury's ensemble). In 1996, Mercury and Póvoas divorced. That same year, she was pointed as the reason for the split between Chico Buarque and Marieta Severo. In an interview to ISTOÉ magazine, Mercury said that "it was a levity what they did, an irresponsibility that caused an uproar in my life and in the lives of both of them". In April 2013 Daniela Mercury used social media to make public her relationship with the journalist Malu Verçosa, saying that "Malu is now my wife, my family, my inspiration to sing." Daniela Mercury and Malu Verçosa married on October 12, 2013, in a civil ceremony in Salvador da Bahia, both dressed in all white. Her father, initially critical about their relationship, was present. ## Controversies At late 2005, Mercury, a devout Catholic, was uninvited from a Christmas concert in the Vatican City due to her endorsement of a Ministry of Health campaign encouraging young people to use condoms. Church officials feared she would use the occasion to promote the use of condoms. In 2006, Mercury openly opposed Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's reelection. This drew criticism from other artists, such as Zeca Baleiro, who accused her of being favored by the late Antônio Carlos Magalhães, a controversial oligarch from Bahia (which she denied vehemently). Later that same year, in an interview with Folha de S.Paulo, Mercury declared she was against reelections in general. She also said that she voted for Lula four times and that she was disappointed "by his first term (...), shocked with all these scandals". However, she said that she hoped that "Brazil would now have the four years of Lula that we hoped for in his first term." ## Philanthropy Mercury has performed at a large number of charitable events. She is the second Brazilian honored as an ambassador for UNICEF (Renato Aragão was the first). She is also an ambassador for UNAIDS and UNESCO. She has performed at Rede Globo's annual charity Criança Esperança for fifteen consecutive years (1992–2007). She also represents various non-profit organizations including Caravana da Musica which has spawned her own Instituto Sol da Liberdade. ## Discography Studio albums - Daniela Mercury (a.k.a. "Swing da Cor") (1991) - O Canto da Cidade (1992) - Música de Rua (1994) - Feijão com Arroz (1996) - Sol da Liberdade (2000) - Sou de Qualquer Lugar (2001) - Carnaval Eletrônico (2004) - Balé Mulato (2005) - Canibália (2009) - Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos (2013) - Vinil Virtual (2015) - Perfume (2020) - Baiana (2022) ## Tours - Swing da Cor Tour (1991–1992) - O Canto da Cidade Tour (1992–1994) - Música de Rua Tour (1995–1996) - Feijão com Arroz Tour (1996–1997) - Elétrica Tour (1998–1999) - Sol da Liberdade Tour (2000–2001) - Sou de Qualquer Lugar Tour (2002) - Eletrodoméstico Tour (2003) - Carnaval Eletrônico Tour (2004) - Balé Mulato Tour (2006–2009) - Canibália Tour (2009–2012) - Couché Tour (2013) - Pelada Tour (2014) - Baile da Rainha Má Tour (2015–2017) - O Axé, a Voz e o Violão Tour (2016–2017) ### Sources - (Portuguese) Biography at the dictionary of MPB - (Portuguese) Biography at gossip site O Fuxico	enwiki/842468	enwiki	842,468	Daniela Mercury	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniela_Mercury	2025-06-18T16:13:23Z	en	Q465927	340,182	{{Short description\|Brazilian singer-songwriter (born 1965)}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=April 2020}} <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: it is not necessary to translate names of albums, singles, and others.--> {{Portuguese name\|Mercuri\|de Almeida}} {{Infobox musical artist \| name = Daniela Mercury <!-- NOTE: DO NOT REPLACE THE IMAGE BELOW WITH A NON-FREE ONE (i.e. screenshots, "promotional images", album covers, images found on the web, etc). IT WILL BE PROMPTLY REVERTED. WIKIPEDIA POLICY SAYS FREE IMAGES ARE TO BE PREFERRED. -->\| image = Conferencia de prensa por festival Acá Estamos 20 (Daniela Mercury).jpg \| caption = Mercury in 2023 \| image_size = \| birth_name = Daniela Mercuri de Almeida \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1965\|7\|28}} \| birth_place = [[Salvador, Bahia]], Brazil \| instrument = Vocals \| genre = {{hlist\|[[Latin pop]]\|[[Axé (music)\|axé]]\|[[samba reggae]]\|[[Música popular brasileira\|MPB]]}} \| occupation = {{hlist\|Singer\|songwriter\|record producer\|dancer}} \| years_active = 1989–present \| label = {{flat list\| Estúdio Eldorado [[Epic Records\|Epic]] BMG/MTV [[Sony Music]] [[EMI]] }} \| associated_acts = Companhia Clic \| website = {{Official website\|www.danielamercury.art.br}} }} '''Daniela Mercury''' (born '''Daniela Mercuri de Almeida''' on July 28, 1965) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, and producer. In her solo career, Mercury has sold over 11 million records worldwide,<ref>{{cite web \|title=Daniela Mercury promete show 'sem economia' para público do Recife \|url=https://g1.globo.com/pernambuco/noticia/2013/05/daniela-mercury-promete-show-sem-economia-para-publico-do-recife.html \|website=Pernambuco \|access-date=2 March 2023 \|language=pt-br \|date=8 May 2013}}</ref> and had 24 Top 10 singles in the country, with 14 of them reached No. 1. Winner of a Latin Grammy for her album ''[[Balé Mulato – Ao Vivo]]'', she also received six Brazilian Music Award, an [[Associação Paulista de Críticos de Arte\|APCA]] award, three Multishow Brazilian Music Awards and two awards at [[VMB]]: Best Music Video and Photography. In 1991, Mercury released her [[self-titled]] album, which was followed by ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]'' a year later, boosting her career as a national artist and taking the [[axé music]] to the evidence. Over the years, Mercury released several albums, generating great singles like "[[Swing da Cor]]", "[[O Canto da Cidade (song)\|O Canto da Cidade]]", "[[À Primeira Vista (song)\|À Primeira Vista]]", "[[Rapunzel (Daniela Mercury song)\|Rapunzel]]", "[[Nobre Vagabundo]]", "[[Ilê Pérola Negra (song)\|Ilê Pérola Negra]]", "[[Mutante (song)\|Mutante]]", "[[Maimbê Dandá]]", "[[Levada Brasileira]]", "[[Oyá Por Nós]]", among others. She recorded a commemorative DVD of [[Cirque du Soleil]]'s 25th anniversary, and was part of the [[Montreal Jazz Festival]]. In addition, Mercury was invited to participate in the [[Alejandro Sanz]]'s DVD, and sing with [[Paul McCartney]] in Oslo, [[Norway]], during the delivery of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]. In 2009 she released her album called ''[[Canibália]]'', along with the album, Daniela launched an international tour. The album spawned three singles: "[[Preta]]" with [[Seu Jorge]], "[[Oyá Por Nós]]" with [[Margareth Menezes]] and "[[Sol do Sul]]". That same year, writer and intellectual [[Camille Paglia]], who had an intellectual "passion" for [[Madonna (entertainer)\|Madonna]], said Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna would like to be. In 2011 the American TV channel [[CBS]], elected Daniela Mercury as the "[[Carmen Miranda]] of the new times". The ''Canibália'' album was released in the United States yielded a critique of [[The New York Times]] saying: "Daniela Mercury goes beyond the concepts that were stressed during her career (...) with a contemporary pop, embracing ethnic and cultural diversity of Brazil (particularly african-Brazilian culture, while Daniela Mercury is white), remembering the past and transforming it." ==Early life== Daniela Mercuri de Almeida was born on July 28, 1965,<ref name="IMDb">[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0580536/bio Daniela Mercury biography]. [[IMDb]].</ref> in the Portuguese Hospital in [[Salvador, Bahia]].<ref name="canto">{{cite video \| people= Mercury, Daniela\|year=2008\|title=Daniela Mercury: O Canto da Cidade – 15 Anos ''opening sequence''\| medium=DVD\|publisher=[[Sony BMG]]}}</ref> Her mother is Liliana Mercuri, a social worker<ref name="bio">[http://www.danielamercury.art.br/dm/historia.php Biography at official website] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008174346/http://www.danielamercury.art.br/dm/historia.php \|date=October 8, 2010 }}.</ref> of Italian ancestry,<ref name="AMG">Birchmeier, Jason. [{{AllMusic\|class=artist\|id=daniela-mercury-p40343/biography\|pure_url=yes}} Daniela Mercury biography]. [[All Music Guide]].</ref> and her father is António Fernando de Abreu Ferreira de Almeida, a [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] emigrant<ref name="AMG" /> industrial mechanic.<ref name="bio"/> Mercury grew up in a middle class household in the [[Brotas (neighbourhood)\|Brotas]] neighborhood of Salvador with her four siblings: Tom, Cristiana, Vânia (who would also become a singer, billed as [[Vania Abreu\|Vânia Abreu]]), and Marcos.<ref name="IMDb"/><ref name="AMG" /> A troublemaker as a child, Mercury was nicknamed "drip-fire".<ref name="fac">{{Cite web\|url=https://facom.ufba.br/portal2017/404.php\|title=pagina nao encontrada\|website=facom.ufba.br}}</ref> She attended both the Ana Néri School and the Colégio Baiano.<ref name="fac" /> At eight years old, Mercury began taking dance lessons,<ref name="AMG" /> particularly [[classical ballet]], [[jazz]], and African dances.<ref>[http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/biografia Biography] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126151606/https://dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/biografia \|date=November 26, 2020 }}. Cravo Albin Dictionary of Brazilian Popular Music.</ref> At age 13, influenced by the work of [[Elis Regina]], she decided to become a singer.<ref name="AMG" /> Her repertoire consisted of [[bossa nova]] as well as the music of [[Caetano Veloso]], [[Gilberto Gil]], and [[Chico Buarque]].<ref name="AMG" /> To her parents' unease she started singing in local bars in 1980.<ref name="AMG" /> She made her [[trio elétrico]] debut soon afterward, during the 1981 carnival.<ref name="AMG" /> Mercury's zeal for dance eventually led her to the [[Universidade Federal da Bahia\|Federal University of Bahia]], where she enrolled in the Dance School in 1984.<ref name="AMG" /> A year later she married [[electronic engineering\|electronic engineer]] Zalther Póvoas<ref>Botelho, Thaís and Blanes, Simone. [http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/edicoes/505/artigo134716-2.htm "O casamento secreto de Daniela Mercury"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119061915/http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/edicoes/505/artigo134716-2.htm \|date=January 19, 2020 }}. ''Istoé Gente''.</ref> and gave birth to Gabriel Almeida Póvoas.<ref name="AMG" /> The next year she gave birth to daughter Giovana Almeida Póvoas.<ref name="AMG" /> ==Career== ===Early career (1984–1990)=== From 1986 to 1988, Mercury was the lead singer for the band Cheiro de Amor.<ref name="dic">[http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/dados-artisticos Daniela Mercury on MPB Dictionary]</ref> Mercury continued to pursue a career in music and, by 1988, was a [[backup singer]] for [[Gilberto Gil]].<ref name="AMG"/> In 1989, recorded her first two albums as the lead singer of pop band Companhia Clic.<ref name="dic" /> Their songs "Pega que Oh!" and "Ilha das Bananas" became minor hits in Bahia radio stations. As the 1990s began, Mercury decided to pursue a solo career.<ref name="dic" /> ===Rise to fame (1991–1993)=== Mercury's self-titled debut album was released in 1991 through independent record company Eldorado. The lead single of the album, "[[Swing da Cor]]", which features [[Olodum]], became a number-one hit in Brazil,<ref name="dic" /> and the album was soon known as ''[[Daniela Mercury (album)\|Swing da Cor]]''. Another song from the album, "Menino do Pelô", which also features Olodum, became Mercury's second top-ten hit in Brazil, charting at number four. On the following year, Mercury shut off from the record company and, ever since, produces her own albums to negotiate the distribution of them later with the labels that are interested. In 1992, she presented the project "Som do Meio-Dia" (Midday Sound) at the Art Museum of São Paulo ([[São Paulo Museum of Art\|MASP]]). The show brought together over thirty thousand spectators, which eventually leave the traffic jam in the vicinity of the Paulista Avenue. After forty-minutes concert, Daniela was removed from the stage by representatives of the São Paulo tourist office, that concerned with the museum structure, obtained an order from the military police to remove it from the local. Soon after the show, Daniela was hired by [[Sony Music]] label and through this, released her second solo album, ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]''. The album was considered by journalist [[André Domingues]] <!--(in his book ''The 100 Best MPB Albums'')--> one of the best [[Música popular brasileira\|MPB]] albums ever. ''O Canto da Cidade'' is Mercury's album with most number-one songs (four in total; "[[O Canto da Cidade (song)\|O Canto da Cidade]]", "[[O Mais Belo dos Belos (song)\|O Mais Belo dos Belos]]", "[[Batuque (song)\|Batuque]]" and "[[Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano (song)\|Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano]]"). ''O Canto da Cidade'' is recognized as the album responsible for taking [[Axé Music]] to mainstream audiences in Brazil. The album also yielded Mercury, a year-end special on [[Rede Globo]] channel, which were mixed with live performances in the square of Apotheosis in [[Rio de Janeiro]], and video clips with [[Caetano Veloso]], [[Herbert Vianna]] and [[Tom Jobim]]. Years later, the special, previously unreleased in video was released on DVD to celebrate the 15th anniversary of the release of the album. In July 1993, Mercury was one of Brazil's attractions at the prestigious [[Montreux Jazz Festival]] in Switzerland. Some consider ''O Canto da Cidade'' was the forerunner of the [[samba-reggae]] movement, then called [[Axé Music]], gaining strength in all regions of the country and allowing other genre artists, were featured in the Brazilian music scene. It is believed that after this album, the Carnival of Bahia gained a massive media coverage. Mercury experienced during this period, a peak of popularity rarely seen in the history of Brazilian music industry, being dubbed "the hurricane of Bahia" and "Queen of the Axé". ===Artistic development (1994–2000)=== In 1994, ''[[Música de Rua]]'' was released through Sony. The album was received with lukewarm reviews, with some critics complaining about the similarities between this album and its predecessor. Nevertheless, the album was very well received by the public, producing the hits "[[Música de Rua (song)\|Música de Rua]]", "O Reggae e o Mar" (both number-one hits), "Por Amor ao Ilê" (a top-ten hit) and "A Rosa" (top-twenty). This was Mercury's first album to produce singles which have failed to chart. In 1996, ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' was released through [[Sony]]. This album was much better received by the critics than its predecessor. It is Mercury's most well rated album at [[Allmusic]], with four and a half stars. As of today, ''Feijão com Arroz'' is Mercury's second best selling album, behind only ''O Canto da Cidade''. It produced the hits "[[À Primeira Vista (song)\|À Primeira Vista]]", "[[Nobre Vagabundo]]", "[[Rapunzel (Daniela Mercury song)\|Rapunzel]]" (all number-one hits), "[[Minas com Bahia (song)\|Minas com Bahia]]" (which features [[Samuel Rosa (musician)\|Samuel Rosa]] from [[Skank (band)\|Skank]] and was a top-twenty hit) and "Feijão de Corda" (a top-ten hit). In 1998, Mercury's first live album, ''[[Elétrica]]'' was released through Sony. It produced the top-ten hit "Trio Metal", which charted at number eight. ===Experimentation with electronica (2000–2004)=== [[File:Daniela Mercury.jpg\|thumb\|upright\|Mercury performing in the concert ''Solidariedade Brasil-Noruega'' on October 7, 2003, in Teatro Nacional, [[Brasília]]]] In 2000, Mercury released her fifth studio album, ''Sol da Liberdade'', through [[Bertelsmann Music Group\|BMG]]. It produced two number-one singles ("[[Ilê Pérola Negra (song)\|Ilê Pérola Negra]]" and a cover of Antonio Marcus' "Como Vai Você"). The album, which was produced by Suba, was innovative in Mercury's career for its fusion with [[electronic music]] sounds. The following year, Mercury released ''Sou de Qualquer Lugar'' through [[Bertelsmann Music Group\|BMG]]. The album sold half of its predecessor, but was able to produce the number-one single "[[Mutante (song)\|Mutante]]", a cover of [[Rita Lee]]. In this album, Mercury also experimented with electronic sounds. In April 2003, Mercuy's second live album, ''MTV ao Vivo – Eletrodoméstico'', was released through [[Bertelsmann Music Group\|BMG]]. It was recorded on January 23 and 24 of that same year at the Castro Alves Theater in Salvador for [[MTV Brasil]]. It was also released in the DVD format, Mercury's first. Among the artists who performed with the singer were [[Dulce Pontes]], [[Rosario Flores]], [[Jovanotti]], [[Carlinhos Brown]] and [[Olodum]]. The sales were very inferior to Mercury's previous and it only produced one top twenty hit ("Meu Plano"). In 2004, ''Carnaval Eletrônico'' was released through [[Bertelsmann Music Group\|BMG]]. For the recording of this album, Mercury invited DJs and producers of electronic music in [[Brazil]], as well as [[Gilberto Gil]], [[Carlinhos Brown]], and Lenine. It is a commemorative disc celebrating the five years of her having formed ''TrioTechno'', the first trio elétrico of electronic music in [[Bahian Carnaval]]. The disc received a Latin Grammy nomination for best pop album of the year and Mercury was nominated for a TIM Award for best female pop/rock vocalist. Internet users voted ''Carnaval Eletrônico'' the best pop album of the year online in one of Brazil's most important weekly magazines ''Revista Isto É''. ===Back to basics (2005–2007)=== In 2005, ''Clássica'' was released through [[Som Livre]] on both CD and DVD. Recorded from a concert Mercury gave the year before at [[São Paulo]]'s Casa de Espetáculo, the album is a sampler of [[bossa nova]], [[jazz]], and some of her biggest MPB hits. The record signaled a new phase for Mercury, who chose independence from record companies to gain full control of her work. Mercury was in London, during the [[7 July 2005 London bombings\|July 7 bombings]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ilustrada/ult90u51823.shtml\|title=Folha Online - Ilustrada - Em Londres, Daniela Mercury relata horror das explosões - 07/07/2005\|website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref> That same year, Mercury's eighth studio album, ''[[Balé Mulato]]'', was released, but through [[EMI]]. The album was very well received by the critics, with some even saying it was Mercury's best album since ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' (1996). It was not, however, very well received by the public, with none of the singles being able to chart on the top-ten; a large part due to lack of record company support. The next year, the [[Latin Grammy Award]]-winning [[Balé Mulato - Ao Vivo\|live version]] of ''Balé Mulato'', was released. Daniela Mercury has completed her newest release, ''[[Canibália]]''. Canibalia was launched in October 2009. ===Reinventing popular culture with Canibália and working with Cabeça de Nós Todos (2007–2013)=== [[File:Brazilian singer, Daniela Mercury.jpg\|thumb\|Mercury in 2010.]] On November 19, 2007, the singer released "[[Preta]]", which features [[Seu Jorge]]. The song, which is strongly influenced by [[samba]], was one of the most played in the country during the carnival. For the 2009's Carnival, Mercury recorded the song "[[Oyá Por Nós]]", who wrote with Alfredo Moura and [[Margareth Menezes]]. The theme, based on the song "Ketu de Iansã" was first used by Moura in the doctoral ceremony honoris-cause of [[Gilberto Gil]] at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. After that, Moura used the theme in a play in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]], at the University of Musicology. A year later, he showed the theme for Daniela, who did not know and she immediately wanted to record it to launch in the Carnival. In 2009, [[Rolling Stone Brasil]] magazine named Daniela as one of the 100 greatest artists of Brazilian music of all time. The names chosen by the expert jury, only 16 were women. Finally in November 2009, Daniela released the album entitled ''[[Canibália]]''. The album marks her return to the studio after five years. The recording sessions for the album takes almost three years to be done, ''Canibália'' hit stores with five different covers – a Gringo Cardia project. And five different track lists for the album, according to the singer, is an extensive project that combines music, dance, video and plastic arts – various expressions of art covered by it. Daniela Mercury has said that "Canibália is an embrace, a swallow of Tropicália, the Clube da Esquina and everything that has since been created in the arts in Brazil since the – ‘Semana de 22’ [‘Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 ’-The Week of Modern Art] – I yearn for the liberty that comes from this anthropophagic movement, of the Cannibalist Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade and its practice by Mario [de Andrade), who spoke that these mixtures reinforce our [Brazilian] identity". [[José Oswald de Andrade Souza]] (1890 – October 1954) was a Brazilian poet and a controversial thinker. Born in São Paulo, Andrade was one of the founders of the Brazilian Modernist movement and a member of the Group of Five, including Mário de Andrade, Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral Oswald de Andrade]. Andrade is recognized by his nationalist, ''[[Manifesto Antropófago]]'' (Cannibalist Manifesto), published in 1928. The manifesto argues that based on the premise that the history of Brazil has, as its greatest strength, the power to cannibalize others and simultaneously plays with the idea of cannibalism as a modern primitivism; like a presumed tribal rite. Cannibalism then, becomes a way for Brazil to reaffirm itself against the cultural domination of Post Colonial Europe. The iconic phrase of the manifesto "Tupi or not Tupi" is as much a celebration of the Tupinamba, a documented tribe of cannibals, as it is an act of genius cannibalizing Shakespeare's, "To be or not to be". In 2009, her tour named by the album title started in [[São Paulo]], and traveled to several Brazilian cities and abroad. The work pays tribute to [[Carmen Miranda]], at her centenary, with songs like "[[Tico-Tico no Fubá]]" and "[[O Que É Que A Baiana Tem?]]". For 2010's Carnival, Daniela Mercury recorded "[[Andarilho Encantado]]", song released officially in the special project of the singer called ''Pôr do Som'' (Sunset Sound), the show that brings Mercury as headliner each year on the first day of the year at the [[Farol da Barra]], in [[Salvador, Bahia\|Salvador]], Bahia. The song was written by Mercury and Marcelo Quintanilha. Also in 2010, the year that the Electric Trio celebrates 60 years and Axé Music 25 years, the singer reaches 20 years of solo career – with significant-selling records. To commemorate the date, the media raised the possibility it make a documentary film about this invention of Bahian carnival, the axé music, praising percussionists. In February 2013, the singer was invited to be interviewed in the ''[[Leading Women]]'' program of [[CNN International]], and was announced by the issuer as the "Brazilian Madonna". The attraction highlights the most influential women in the world in their fields. Already in 2012, the Bahian singer had attracted the attention of American writer and feminist Camille Paglia, who declared to the British newspaper [[The Independent]], that had a "crush" by the Bahian star. Since she had been in the country, for a conference in Bahia, Paglia has written enthusiastic articles about Mercury, saying that Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna wanted to be. Paglia said, a Canadian television station, which is "in love with a Brazilian superstar. I'm watching her work. She is Daniela Mercury. In fact, this has been very important. This is the point where I am in my life" . In an interview with the Brazilian magazine [[Veja (magazine)\|Veja]], intellectual revealed her plans to write two books about the Bahian singer. At the end of 2013, released the album ''[[Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos]]'', a partnership with the Brazilian group [[Cabeça de Nós Todos]], with songs like "[[Couché]]", "[[Alma Feminina]]", "Paula e Bebeto", "Aquele Abraço" and "Cheia de Graça" are some of the tracks are presented in this work. It is an urban and pop-rock album, which does not show Daniela's rhythmic signature; it was launched with a book called "Daniela and Malu, A Love Story", a partnership with her wife Malu Verçosa. The book tells the story of their relationship, from the moment of friendship to marriage. ===The Voice Kids and Vinil Virtual (2014–present)=== In 2014, she was mentor on [[The Voice Kids (Portuguese TV series)\|The Voice Kids]] (the version for children of the traditional show [[The Voice Portugal\|The Voice]]) of Portugal, because of her popularity in Portuguese lands. In the same year she released the single "[[A Rainha do Axé (Rainha Má)]]", an electronic ijexá that speaks about the strength of women, love and faith which was sung by revelers during the 2015's Carnival of Salvador. The single is the first single to the fifteenth studio album by the singer titled ''[[Vinil Virtual]]'', released November 27, 2015 by the label [[Biscoito Fino]]. ==Personal life== [[File:Daniela Mercury beija a mulher, Malu Verçosa.jpg\|thumb\|240px\|Mercury and her wife Malu Verçosa participating in an [[LGBT]] seminar in the [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)\|Chamber of Deputies]] in [[Brasília]]]] In 1984, at 19, Mercury married electronic engineer Zalther Portela Laborda Póvoas, her high school boyfriend.<ref name="fac" /><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe_eng.asp\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070704161038/http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe_eng.asp?nome=Daniela+Mercury&tabela=T_FORM_ENG_A&qdetalhe=art\|archive-date=July 4, 2007\|url-status=dead\|title=Dictionary Cravo Albin of the Brazilian Popular Music\|access-date=November 15, 2007}}</ref> The next year, on September 3, 1985, she gave birth to their first child, Gabriel (who is also a singer and songwriter). The following year, she gave birth to a girl named Giovana (who is now a dancer in Mercury's ensemble). In 1996, Mercury and Póvoas divorced.<ref name="Daniela Mercury - Biography">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0580536/bio\|title=Daniela Mercury\|website=IMDb}}</ref> That same year, she was pointed as the reason for the split between [[Chico Buarque]] and [[Marieta Severo]]. In an interview to ''[[ISTOÉ]]'' magazine, Mercury said that "it was a levity what they did, an irresponsibility that caused an uproar in my life and in the lives of both of them".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://istoe.com.br/\|title=ISTOÉ Independente\|website=ISTOÉ Independente}}</ref> In April 2013 Daniela Mercury used social media to make public her relationship with the journalist Malu Verçosa, saying that "Malu is now my wife, my family, my inspiration to sing."<ref name="ego">{{Cite web \|url=http://ego.globo.com/famosos/noticia/2013/04/daniela-mercury-posta-foto-com-mulher-e-diz-minha-esposa-minha-familia.html \|title=Daniela Mercury posta foto de mulher e diz: 'Minha esposa, minha família' \|work=Ego magazine \|language=pt \|author1=Maselli, Juliana \|author2=Bessa, Priscila \|access-date=April 6, 2013}}</ref> Daniela Mercury and Malu Verçosa married on October 12, 2013, in a civil ceremony in Salvador da Bahia, both dressed in all white. Her father, initially critical about their relationship, was present.<ref>''[http://caras.uol.com.br/especial/noivas/post/daniela-mercury-se-casa-no-civil-com-malu-vercosa-casamento-salvador Daniela Mercury se casa no civil com Malu Verçosa] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014093421/http://caras.uol.com.br/especial/noivas/post/daniela-mercury-se-casa-no-civil-com-malu-vercosa-casamento-salvador \|date=October 14, 2013 }}'', CARAS Online, October 12, 2013.</ref> ==Controversies== At late 2005, Mercury, a devout [[Catholic Church\|Catholic]], was uninvited from a Christmas concert in the [[Vatican City]] due to her endorsement of a [[Ministry of Health (Brazil)\|Ministry of Health]] campaign encouraging young people to use [[condom]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal\|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-141801527.html\|title=Vatican cancels singer for "pro-condom" statement.(The Church and HIV/AIDS)(Daniela Mercury)(Brief Article) - Conscience \| HighBeam Research\|journal=Conscience \|date=November 5, 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034703/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-141801527.html\|archive-date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> Church officials feared she would use the occasion to promote the use of condoms.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-140142817.html\|title=Daniela Mercury.(dropped from the Vatican's annual Christmas concert)(Brief Article) - National Catholic Reporter \| HighBeam Research\|date=November 5, 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034717/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-140142817.html\|archive-date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> In 2006, Mercury openly opposed [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]]'s reelection. This drew criticism from other artists, such as [[Zeca Baleiro]], who accused her of being favored by the late [[Antônio Carlos Magalhães]], a controversial [[Oligarchy\|oligarch]] from Bahia (which she denied vehemently). Later that same year, in an interview with ''[[Folha de S.Paulo]]'', Mercury declared she was against reelections in general. She also said that she voted for Lula four times and that she was disappointed "by his first term (...), shocked with all these scandals". However, she said that she hoped that "Brazil would now have the four years of Lula that we hoped for in his first term."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ilustrada/ult90u67075.shtml\|title=Folha Online - Ilustrada - Daniela Mercury critica lei "antijabá" e compara download a assalto - 19/12/2006\|website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref> ==Philanthropy== Mercury has performed at a large number of charitable events. She is the second Brazilian honored as an ambassador for [[UNICEF]] ([[Renato Aragão]] was the first). She is also an ambassador for [[UNAIDS]] and [[UNESCO]]. She has performed at [[Rede Globo]]'s annual charity ''Criança Esperança'' for fifteen consecutive years (1992–2007). She also represents various non-profit organizations including Caravana da Musica which has spawned her own Instituto Sol da Liberdade. ==Discography== {{main\|Daniela Mercury discography}} '''Studio albums''' ''[[Daniela Mercury (album)\|Daniela Mercury]]'' ''<small>(a.k.a. "Swing da Cor")</small>'' (1991) * ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]'' (1992) * ''[[Música de Rua]]'' (1994) * ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' (1996) * ''[[Sol da Liberdade]]'' (2000) * ''[[Sou de Qualquer Lugar]]'' (2001) * ''[[Carnaval Eletrônico]]'' (2004) * ''[[Balé Mulato]]'' (2005) * ''[[Canibália]]'' (2009) * ''[[Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos]]'' (2013) * ''[[Vinil Virtual]]'' (2015) * ''Perfume'' (2020) * ''Baiana'' (2022) ==Tours== * ''Swing da Cor Tour'' (1991–1992) * ''O Canto da Cidade Tour'' (1992–1994) * ''Música de Rua Tour'' (1995–1996) * ''Feijão com Arroz Tour'' (1996–1997) * ''Elétrica Tour'' (1998–1999) * ''Sol da Liberdade Tour'' (2000–2001) * ''Sou de Qualquer Lugar Tour'' (2002) * ''Eletrodoméstico Tour'' (2003) * ''Carnaval Eletrônico Tour'' (2004) * ''Balé Mulato Tour'' (2006–2009) * ''[[Canibália (Tour)\|Canibália Tour]]'' (2009–2012) * ''Couché Tour'' (2013) * ''Pelada Tour'' (2014) * ''Baile da Rainha Má Tour'' (2015–2017) * ''O Axé, a Voz e o Violão Tour'' (2016–2017) ==See also== [[List of best-selling Latin music artists]] [[Women in Latin music]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== [https://archive.today/20070704161038/http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe.asp?nome=Daniela+Mercury&tabela=T_FORM_A&qdetalhe=bio '''(Portuguese)''' Biography at the dictionary of MPB] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070824094606/http://ofuxico.uol.com.br/Materias/Noticias/noticia_22353.htm '''(Portuguese)''' Biography at gossip site ''O Fuxico''] == External links == {{Commons category\|Daniela Mercury}} * {{Official website\|www.danielamercury.art.br/}} {{Daniela Mercury\|state=autocollapse}} {{Order of Cultural Merit}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mercury, Daniela}} [[Category:Daniela Mercury\| ]] [[Category:1965 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Brazilian record producers]] [[Category:Bisexual singers]] [[Category:Bisexual songwriters]] [[Category:Bisexual women musicians]] [[Category:Brazilian LGBTQ singer-songwriters]] [[Category:Latin Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Spanish-language singers of Brazil]] [[Category:Música Popular Brasileira singers]] [[Category:Brazilian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBTQ Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBTQ record producers]] [[Category:LGBTQ people in Latin music]] [[Category:Musicians from Salvador, Bahia]] [[Category:Brazilian people of Italian descent]] [[Category:Brazilian people of Portuguese descent]] [[Category:Portuguese people of Brazilian descent]] [[Category:Portuguese people of Italian descent]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian women singers]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian singers]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian women singers]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian singer-songwriters]] [[Category:Women record producers]] [[Category:Women in Latin music]] [[Category:Brazilian women singer-songwriters]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian LGBTQ people]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian LGBTQ people]] [[Category:Brazilian LGBTQ women]] [[Category:Brazilian bossa nova singers]] [[Category:Portuguese-language singers of Brazil]] [[Category:LGBTQ women singers]]	1,296,215,894	[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Birth name": "Daniela Mercuri de Almeida", "Born": "July 28, 1965 \u00b7 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil", "Genres": "Latin pop ax\u00e9 samba reggae MPB", "Occupations": "Singer songwriter record producer dancer", "Instrument": "Vocals", "Years active": "1989\u2013present", "Labels": "Est\u00fadio Eldorado Epic BMG/MTV Sony Music EMI"}}, {"title": "Daniela Mercury", "data": {"Studio albums": "Daniela Mercury (1991) O Canto da Cidade (1992) M\u00fasica de Rua (1994) Feij\u00e3o com Arroz (1996) Sol da Liberdade (2000) Sou de Qualquer Lugar (2001) Carnaval Eletr\u00f4nico (2004) Bal\u00e9 Mulato (2005) Canib\u00e1lia (2009) Daniela Mercury & Cabe\u00e7a de N\u00f3s Todos (2013) Vinil Virtual (2015)", "Live albums": "El\u00e9trica (1998) MTV ao Vivo \u2013 Eletrodom\u00e9stico (2003) Cl\u00e1ssica (2005) Baile Barroco (2006) Bal\u00e9 Mulato \u2013 Ao Vivo (2006) O Ax\u00e9, a Voz e o Viol\u00e3o (2016)", "Compilation albums": "O Canto da Cidade - 15 Anos (2008)", "Singles": "\" Swing da Cor \" \" O Canto da Cidade \" \" M\u00fasica de Rua \" \" \u00c0 Primeira Vista \" \" Nobre Vagabundo \" \" Rapunzel \" \" Minas com Bahia \" \" Il\u00ea P\u00e9rola Negra \"", "Related articles": "Discography Canib\u00e1lia tour"}}]	false
# Jane Fennell Jane Fennell is a former Australian TV presenter, most notably on the children's television program Mr. Squiggle and Friends. She is the daughter of actor Willie Fennell and grew up in Sydney, Australia. She initially worked on Mr. Squiggle as a production assistant and was host "Miss Jane" from 1975 to 1986. A car accident left her with serious facial injuries that ended her on-screen career. During her recovery she became close to John Ewart, a long time friend of her father whom she had known since she was 15. They became engaged in 1992 but postponed the wedding following the death of her father. They married on 8 March 1994 in a bedside ceremony, as Ewart lay dying from throat cancer. He died nine hours after the wedding.	enwiki/6383811	enwiki	6,383,811	Jane Fennell	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Fennell	2025-04-12T12:32:03Z	en	Q6152218	18,320	{{Short description\|Australian television presenter}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2025}} {{Use Australian English\|date=July 2015}} '''Jane Fennell''' is a former Australian [[TV presenter]], most notably on the children's television program ''[[Mr Squiggle\|Mr. Squiggle and Friends]]''. She is the daughter of actor [[Willie Fennell]] and grew up in Sydney, Australia.<ref>[http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/end-of-the-line-for-mr-squiggle-animator/story-e6frg6nf-1225966645464 End of the line for Mr Squiggle animator]</ref> She initially worked on ''Mr. Squiggle'' as a production assistant and was host "Miss Jane" from 1975 to 1986. A car accident left her with serious facial injuries that ended her on-screen career. During her recovery she became close to [[John Ewart]], a long time friend of her father whom she had known since she was 15. They became engaged in 1992 but postponed the wedding following the death of her father. They married on 8 March 1994 in a bedside ceremony, as Ewart lay dying from throat cancer. He died nine hours after the wedding.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts\|page=63\|author=Harris M. Lentz\|publisher=McFarland\|year=1994}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb name\|0993417}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fennell, Jane}} [[Category:Australian television presenters]] [[Category:Australian women television presenters]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Television personalities from Sydney]] [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] {{Australia-tv-bio-stub}}	1,285,225,304	[]	false
# Minus six (exile) The minus six (Russian: Минус шесть, romanized: minus shest') was a form of exile imposed in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, which banned the subject from living in or visiting any of the union's six largest cities as well as border territories. ## Cities banned - Moscow (now in Russia) - Petrograd (known as Leningrad from 1924, now Saint Petersburg in Russia) - Kiev (now Kyiv in Ukraine) - Kharkov (now Kharkiv in Ukraine) - Yekaterinburg (known as Sverdlovsk from 1924, now Yekaterinburg in Russia) - Tiflis (now Tbilisi in Georgia)	enwiki/66215356	enwiki	66,215,356	Minus six (exile)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minus_six_(exile)	2024-12-19T00:08:12Z	en	Q104830093	22,951	The '''minus six''' ({{Langx\|ru\|Минус шесть\|minus shest'}}) was a form of [[exile]] imposed in the [[Soviet Union]] during the 1920s, which banned the subject from living in or visiting any of the union's six largest cities as well as border territories.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Badcock \|first1=Sarah \|author2=[[Judith Pallot]] \|year=2018 \|chapter=Russia and the Soviet Union from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century \|editor=[[Clare Anderson]] \|title=A Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies \|publisher=Bloomsbury \|page=274 \|isbn=9781350000674 \|chapter-url=https://library.oapen.org/viewer/web/viewer.html?file=/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/58808/9781350000681.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y \|doi=10.5040/9781350000704 \|url=https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/58808 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=A Gentleman at Ursinus \|url=https://www.ursinus.edu/live/news/2768-a-gentleman-at-ursinus \|publisher=[[Ursinus College]] \|date=6 April 2018 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|last1=Smith \|first1=Douglas \|title=Former people: the final days of the Russian aristocracy \|date=2012 \|publisher=Farrar, Straus, and Giroux \|location=New York \|isbn=978-0-374-15761-6 \|page=247 \|edition=First }}</ref> ==Cities banned== [[Moscow]] (now in [[Russia]]) [[Petrograd]] (known as Leningrad from 1924, now Saint Petersburg in Russia) [[Kyiv\|Kiev]] (now Kyiv in [[Ukraine]]) [[Kharkiv\|Kharkov]] (now Kharkiv in Ukraine) [[Yekaterinburg]] (known as Sverdlovsk from 1924, now Yekaterinburg in Russia) [[Tbilisi\|Tiflis]] (now Tbilisi in [[Georgia (country)\|Georgia]]) ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Soviet-stub}} [[Category:Political repression in the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Penal system in the Soviet Union]]	1,263,845,877	[]	false
# Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah Al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah (Arabic: البويضة الشرقية, also spelled al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southeast of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Qusayr and al-Dabaah to the southwest, Damina al-Sharqiya to the southeast, Shinshar to the east and Qattina to the northwest. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah had a population of 3,196 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims. In the 19th-century it was reported that most of the village was built from basalt rock. ## Syrian civil war The village was the site of the al-Buwaida al-Sharqiya massacre in May 2012, during the Syrian civil war. Opposition activists claimed 13 factory workers were killed by the government's security forces, while Syrian government sources blamed rebel forces for the killings On 8 June 2013, the town was recaptured by the Syrian Army during the Al-Qusayr offensive. ## Bibliography - Socin, Albert (1898). Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers. Karl Baedeker. - Smith, Eli; Robinson, Edward (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838. Vol. 3. Crocker and Brewster.	enwiki/36003838	enwiki	36,003,838	Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Buwaydah_al-Sharqiyah	2025-01-01T13:40:05Z	en	Q4702318	120,207	{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> \|official_name = al-Buwaidah al_Sharqiyah \|other_name = al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh \|native_name = البويضة الشرقية <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> \|nickname = \|motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> \|image_skyline = \|imagesize = \|image_caption = \|image_flag = \|flag_size = \|image_seal = \|seal_size = \|image_shield = \|shield_size = \|image_blank_emblem = \|blank_emblem_type = \|blank_emblem_size = \|image_map = \|mapsize = \|map_caption = \|image_map1 = \|mapsize1 = \|map_caption1 = \|image_dot_map = \|dot_mapsize = \|dot_map_caption = \|dot_x = \|dot_y = \|pushpin_map = Syria <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> \|pushpin_label_position =bottom \|pushpin_mapsize =250 \|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Syria <!-- Location ------------------> \|subdivision_type = Country \|subdivision_name = {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Syrian revolution.svg}} [[Syria]] \|subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Syria\|Governorate]] \|subdivision_name1 = [[Homs Governorate\|Homs]] \|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Syria\|District]] \|subdivision_name2 = [[al-Qusayr District\|Al-Qusayr]] \|subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah\|Subdistrict]] \|subdivision_name3 = [[Al-Qusayr, Syria\|Al-Qusayr]] \|settlement_type =Village \|subdivision_type4 = \|subdivision_name4 = <!-- Population -----------------------> \|population_as_of = 2004 \|population_footnotes = \|population_note = \|population_total = 3,196 \|population_density_km2 = \|population_density_sq_mi = \|population_metro = \|population_density_metro_km2 = \|population_density_metro_sq_mi = \|population_urban = \|population_density_urban_km2 = \|population_density_urban_sq_mi = \|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities \|population_blank1 = \|population_density_blank1_km2 = \|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> \|timezone = [[Eastern European Time\|EET]] \|utc_offset = +3 \|timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time\|EEST]] \|utc_offset_DST = +2 \|coordinates = {{coord\|34\|36\|16\|N\|36\|38\|45\|E\|region:SY\|display=inline}} \|website = \|footnotes = }} '''Al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah''' ({{langx\|ar\|البويضة الشرقية}}, also spelled '''al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh''') is a village in central [[Syria]], administratively part of the [[Homs Governorate]], located southeast of [[Homs]]. Nearby localities include [[al-Qusayr, Syria\|al-Qusayr]] and [[al-Dabaah]] to the southwest, [[Damina al-Sharqiya]] to the southeast, [[Shinshar]] to the east and [[Qattina]] to the northwest. According to the [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)\|Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS), al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah had a population of 3,196 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[https://archive.today/20121204165131/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB04-13-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004]. [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)\|Syria Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS). Homs Governorate. {{in lang\|ar}}</ref> Its inhabitants are predominantly [[Sunni Muslim]]s.<ref>Smith, 1841, p. 176.</ref> In the 19th-century it was reported that most of the village was built from [[basalt]] rock.<ref>Socin, p. 405.</ref> ==Syrian civil war== The village was the site of the [[al-Buwaida al-Sharqiya massacre]] in May 2012, during the [[Syrian civil war]]. Opposition activists claimed 13 factory workers were killed by the government's security forces, while Syrian government sources blamed rebel forces for the killings<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18293155\|title=New Syria 'mass killing' reported ahead of UN meeting\|work=BBC News\|date=1 June 2012}}</ref> On 8 June 2013, the town was recaptured by the [[Syrian Army]] during the [[Al-Qusayr offensive]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Syrian Army Captures Village Near Qusair as Assad Extends Gains\|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-08/syrian-army-captures-village-near-qusair-as-assad-extends-gains.html\|author=Glen Carey\|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.\|Bloomberg]]\|date=8 June 2013\|access-date=9 June 2013}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} {{cite book\|first=Albert\|last=Socin\|title=Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QdZAAAAYAAJ&q=Khirbet+Hammam+Syria\|publisher=Karl Baedeker\|year=1898}} {{cite book\|first1=Eli\|last1=Smith\|first2=Edward\|last2=Robinson\|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt0uAAAAQAAJ&q=d'Helfaya\|publisher=Crocker and Brewster\|volume=3\|year=1841}} {{refend}} {{Homs Governorate\|qusayr}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buwaidah Sharqiyah}} [[Category:Populated places in al-Qusayr District]] {{HomsSY-geo-stub}}	1,266,623,810	[{"title": "al-Buwaidah al_Sharqiyah \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh", "data": {"Country": "Syria", "Governorate": "Homs", "District": "Al-Qusayr", "Subdistrict": "Al-Qusayr"}}, {"title": "Population (2004)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "3,196", "Time zone": "UTC+3 (EET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+2 (EEST)"}}]	false
# German Tyrol German Tyrol (German: Deutschtirol; Italian: Tirolo tedesco) is a historical region in the Alps now divided between Austria and Italy. It includes largely ethnic German areas of historical County of Tyrol: the Austrian state of Tyrol (consisting of North Tyrol and East Tyrol) and the province of South Tyrol but not the largely Italian-speaking province of Trentino (formerly Welschtirol). ## History German Tyrol was historically an integral part of the Habsburg constituent Princely County of Tyrol but, with the imminent collapse of Habsburg Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, areas of the empire with an ethnic German majority began to take actions to form a new state. On 11 November 1918, Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquished power and, on 12 November, these ethnic German areas, including the Province of German Tyrol (German: Provinz Deutschtirol) were declared the Republic of German Austria with the intent of unifying with Germany. However, South Tyrol had been promised as spoils of war to Italy by the Entente powers in the Treaty of London. The remainder of German Tyrol became the Austrian federal state of Tyrol. The status of Tyrol was definitively settled by the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye that established the division of the region that remains to this day.	enwiki/7946086	enwiki	7,946,086	German Tyrol	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Tyrol	2025-05-04T14:05:11Z	en	Q4118268	27,673	{{Short description\|Historic region in the Alps between Austria and Italy}} {{unreferenced\|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox former subdivision \| native_name = <small>''Province of German Tyrol''</small> \| conventional_long_name = Provinz Deutschtirol \| common_name = Deutschtirol \| year_start = 1918 \| year_end = 1919 \| event_start = \| date_start = 12 November \| event_end = [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)\|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] \| date_end = 10 September \| flag = \| image_flag = \| subdivision = [[Province]] \| capital = [[Innsbruck]] \| nation = the [[German Austria]] \| stat_year1 = 1910 \| stat_area1 = 20039 \| stat_pop1 = 555,000 \| p1 = Austria-Hungary \| flag_p1 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg \| s1 = First Austrian Republic \| flag_s1 = Flag_of_Austria.svg \| s2 = Kingdom of Italy \| flag_s2 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg \| today = [[Austria]]<br>[[Italy]] }} '''German Tyrol''' ({{langx\|de\|Deutschtirol}}; {{langx\|it\|Tirolo tedesco}}) is a historical region in the [[Alps]] now divided between [[Austria]] and [[Italy]]. It includes largely [[ethnic German]] areas of historical [[County of Tyrol]]: the [[States of Austria\|Austrian state]] of [[Tyrol (state)\|Tyrol]] (consisting of [[North Tyrol]] and [[East Tyrol]]) and the province of [[South Tyrol]] but not the largely [[Italian language\|Italian]]-speaking province of [[Trentino]] (formerly ''[[Walh\|Welsch]]tirol''). ==History== [[Image:German Austria (1918) en.svg\|thumb\|right\|350px\|The provinces of [[German Austria]] 1918 with German Tyrol in gray]] German Tyrol was historically an integral part of the [[Habsburgs\|Habsburg]] [[Crown land#Austria\|constituent]] [[Princely County of Tyrol]] but, with the imminent collapse of Habsburg [[Austria-Hungary]] at the end of [[World War I]], areas of the empire with an ethnic German majority began to take actions to form a new state. On 11 November 1918, Emperor [[Charles I of Austria]] relinquished power and, on 12 November, these ethnic German areas, including the Province of German Tyrol (German: ''Provinz Deutschtirol'') were declared the Republic of [[German Austria]] with the intent of unifying with [[Germany]]. However, [[South Tyrol]] had been promised as spoils of war to Italy by the Entente powers in the [[Treaty of London (1915)\|Treaty of London]]. The remainder of German Tyrol became the [[States of Austria\|Austrian federal state]] of [[Tyrol (state)\|Tyrol]]. The status of Tyrol was definitively settled by the 1919 [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)\|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] that established the division of the region that remains to {{As of\|2006\|alt=this day}}. ==See also== [[German Austria]] [[History of Tyrol]] *[[Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino]] {{coord missing\|Austria}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Tyrol (region)]] [[Category:Historical regions in Austria]] [[Category:Establishments in the Republic of German-Austria]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1918]] [[Category:1918 establishments in Europe]]	1,288,731,313	[{"title": "Provinz DeutschtirolProvince of German Tyrol", "data": {"Capital": "Innsbruck", "\u2022 1910": ["20,039 km2 (7,737 sq mi)", "555,000"], "\u2022 Established": "12 November 1918", "\u2022 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye": "10 September 1919", "Preceded by": "Succeeded by", "\| \| Austria-Hungary \|": "\| First Austrian Republic \| \| Kingdom of Italy \|", "Today part of": "Austria \u00b7 Italy"}}]	false
# The John Franklin Letters The John Franklin Letters is a 1959 dystopian anti-communist novel. Published anonymously by The Bookmailer, it was likely written by far-right activist Revilo P. Oliver, a founding member of the John Birch Society and classics professor. The book was distributed and popularized by the John Birch Society. It is overtly politically right-wing and anti-communist, presenting communism as a system that can be easily overthrown with determined resistance. The book also focuses on racist themes; it was written in a period of division over race within the John Birch Society. An epistolary novel, it utilizes a framing device with the eponymous letters being contextualized in a preface by a future historian. After the New Deal, the United States is taken over by the "Buros" (bureaucrats). The Buros eventually give power to the United Nations, who occupy the country with foreign fighters. They seize all guns, and in their first year of power, over 20 million Americans die. The protagonist, John Franklin, is a member of the Rangers, the resistance to the regime; their struggle to restore America is recounted in the letters between him and his elderly uncle. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporary commentary from the conservative National Review praised the book, while it was criticized by the left. Later commentators have described it as anti-Communist propaganda. The book contains practical advice on insurgency, and as a result acquired a reputation of being an insurgency guide; it influenced the far-right into adopting a cellular model of organization. It inspired the creation of the Minutemen and the Patriot movement, and was the primary inspiration for the novel The Turner Diaries. ## Plot summary The John Franklin Letters uses a framing device, with the letters in the story being collected by a future historian. The book's preface is dated 17 July 1989, with the historian contextualizing the letters, though he vows to "step aside" and let the reader take their own interpretation from them. The bulk of the narrative is made up of correspondence between elderly farmer Jacob Semmes Franklin and his nephew John Semmes Franklin, born 1920. The letters begin in 1957. John Franklin bemoans the path the country has gone on since the election of president Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal; he criticizes the latter as resulting in overreliance on government, as does welfare (which he says black Americans and Puerto Ricans are over-reliant on). Another complaint is that police are made to not police or lightly police non-whites, which has the result of some urban areas escalating into civil war. In the late 1950s, various liberal factions, the subversive class of "Buros" (bureaucrats) launch a takeover of the government. They force the country into an overpowered bureaucracy, with the Buros running the nation. They give increased power to the United Nations, who eventually have their foreign fighters, mostly Chinese, occupy the country, suspending the right of the people to defend themselves due to America's "historic psychological genocide" against the black population. The regime becomes increasingly authoritarian and passes a law mandating all gun owners register their guns in preparation for their seizure. During the first year of this regime, 20 million Americans are either enslaved overseas or simply killed. Career military officers, especially a problem for the regime, are marched to the Grand Canyon and executed en masse. Many cities are annihilated with nuclear bombs. The Rangers, a secretive organized resistance, form. Prior to the Buros taking control of the US, the Rangers predicted what was to come and stockpiled firearms and trained for war in preparation. John Franklin is one of them, having stockpiled rifles starting in 1967. In 1973 they begin a guerrilla war against the government, utilizing small cells to increase their secrecy and engaging in large-scale acts of sabotage, including at least fourteen murders recounted by Franklin. Slowly, the Rangers win over the American populace, who help the war effort by sabotaging the system, which buckles the government's distribution and manufacturing capabilities. In 1976, the Rangers finally take control of Washington, D.C., inspiring similar revolts worldwide in countries with left-wing governments, including in Russia, China, England, Ireland, and France. At the end of the book, it is discovered that Mr. Harrison, a black Ranger and minor government officeholder, is constitutionally obligated to become president. The book ends with Harrison being inaugurated as president and the US returning to a constitutional republic. ## Background and publication history The book was published in 1959 by The Bookmailer. It was distributed by the John Birch Society (JBS), which contributed to its popularity. No author was listed for the book and it included no publishing information. The actual author is probably far-right activist Revilo P. Oliver, a founding member of the JBS and classics professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; according to Jeffrey Kaplan his work was known for "dry intellectual prose". The book was edited by Harley N. Ogden, a professor at the same university as Oliver. Ogden is also a possible author. The introduction is credited to Ogden. Oliver had written at length about race and anti-Communism prior to the book's publication. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporaneously, it was criticized by the left while it was positively considered by the conservative National Review. Its mainstream notice was however short lived. It was withdrawn only a few years after its publication, and in 2017 was only available in archives and at extremely high online prices. Journalist Murray Kempton commented of the book that: This, of course, is the Bircher’s dream. America slides unresistingly into Communism; a few Mike Hammers find their rifles; and in five years the world is free. The Birch mind is only the Mickey Spillane mind. There is that lingering over and savoring of pure physical violence, the daydream of the disarmed. Reading The John Franklin Letters we can recognize Robert Welch’s voice. He is Charles Atlas saying to us again that we need only mail the letter and back will come the muscles which we will use to throw the bully off the beach and have the girl turn to us with eyes shining with the sudden knowledge of how special we are. At the time of the book's publication in the 1950s, there was a deep divide in the JBS over race. Most members viewed race as a distraction from what they thought was the true issue, fighting a worldwide communist conspiracy, but there was a separate contingent motivated more by racism. Antisemitism and racism were eventually disavowed by the JBS's leadership, which was against the racial faction, in the 1963 book The Neutralizers. Members with more racist views exited and were eventually expelled. Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views. ## Legacy and analysis While it was not a mainstream success, The John Franklin Letters had a profound impact on the far-right. The novel is seen as the first modern book in its genre; scholar Jeffrey Kaplan described it as "one of the earliest dystopian opuses to appear in the far right". The book, with its plot focusing on insurgency, contains actual advice on how to best be an insurgent and to resist the government. As a result, The John Franklin Letters acquired a reputation of being an insurgency how-to manual and inspired direct action to a degree unlike prior books like it. It inspired the creation of the anti-government militia the Minutemen and the Patriot movement. A short-lived paramilitary group also took its name from the Rangers in the novel. It influenced the far right's usage of the cellular model of organization. In his authorized biography The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds, The John Franklin Letters was cited by William Luther Pierce as the most direct inspiration for his novel The Turner Diaries, a book which has been linked to numerous acts of terrorism and murder. Similar to The John Franklin Letters, The Turner Diaries utilizes a framing device where the events are prefaced by an in-universe future historian, though the historian in The John Franklin Letters says he will "step aside" to let the reader judge on their own. Pierce said that he had been given this book by Revilo P. Oliver; Oliver had recently written a review for Pierce's magazine Attack!. In a meeting (likely in late 1974), Pierce expressed to Oliver that he was having difficulty getting people to respond to his message. Oliver asked him if he had considered writing fiction, as the kinds of people who would appreciate Pierce's views just did not read the non-fiction material Pierce had previously written. Pierce believed Oliver authored The John Franklin Letters. It may have influenced Sam Greenlee, who wrote The Spook Who Sat by the Door. The book focuses on some racist themes, mostly the fear whites will be genocided if they are no longer the majority, but is more focused on contemporaneous conservative issues of the time like communist infiltration and government overreach. Kaplan said that despite the preference for constitutionalism over race in the book, Oliver's racism was clear, but that it was "couched in the dogma of much of the radical right which saw Black people as indolent and somewhat malevolent, but essentially innocent pawns of the Jews." George Michael called the ending of the novel, where a black man becomes president and this is portrayed in a positive light, ironic in light of its other racial grievances. Kaplan argued this was what separated The John Franklin Letters from The Turner Diaries, with this signaling a disavowal of the segregationists in the John Birch Society. Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views. Drawing an analogy to the 2016 United States presidential election, Kaplan said that "In a sense, the domestic side of the story of the 2016 American presidential election metaphorically begins where The John Franklin Letters ended: with the election of a Black president". Kaplan also noted that, given his later views, "one assumes that Oliver eventually found that the racially harmonious denouement of The John Franklin Letters to be a bit of an embarrassment". Kaplan noted the book's "dogged faith in America and its Constitution" as contrasting with the views of later racist works of its ilk, as did its lack of "future millennial paradise". He further said it was "remarkable for the way it reflected the mood of the far right of the day", utilizing it as an example of a reformist mood of the 1950s far-right, compared to the 1970s apocalyptic Turner Diaries. J.M. Berger of the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism noted the book as "unabashedly right-wing in orientation" and "foremost a work of anti-Communist propaganda". The book assumes that communism is inherently fragile and inefficient, and with any determined resistance it can be overthrown. He compared it to the book The Iron Heel in its explanation of its ideology, though in contrast to that work called it "admirably succinct" in doing so. Another comparison was drawn to Anticipations of the Future, with both focusing on national level politics. Rob McAlear described it as "a straightforward tale of conservative resistance to what we would now call 'The New World Order'." McAlear argued that it provided "the foundation" for The Turner Diaries, and said its usage of "a new political timeline" stemming from initially real historical events was taken up by Pierce in that book. ### Works cited - Bell, Daniel, ed. (2017). "The Dispossessed". The Radical Right (3rd ed.). New Brunswick: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7658-0749-6. - Berger, J.M. (2016). "The Turner Legacy: The Storied Origins and Enduring Impact of White Nationalism's Deadly Bible". International Centre for Counter-Terrorism. 7 (8). The Hague. doi:10.19165/2016.1.11. - Kaplan, Jeffrey, ed. (2000). "Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG)". Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press. pp. 367–372. ISBN 978-0-7425-0340-3. - Kaplan, Jeffrey (4 May 2017). "Red Dawn is Now: Race vs. Nation and the American Election". Terrorism and Political Violence. 29 (3): 411–424. doi:10.1080/09546553.2017.1304759. ISSN 0954-6553. - Kaplan, Jeffrey (July 2018). "America's apocalyptic literature of the radical right". International Sociology. 33 (4): 503–522. doi:10.1177/0268580918775583. ISSN 0268-5809. - Morris, Travis (2017). "The Need to Weaponize Ideas: Anwar Al-Awlaki and William Pierce". Dark Ideas: How Neo-Nazi and Violent Jihadi Ideologues Shaped Modern Terrorism. Lexington Books. pp. 25–42. ISBN 978-0-7391-9105-7. - McAlear, Rob (2009). "Hate, Narrative, and Propaganda in The Turner Diaries". The Journal of American Culture. 32 (3): 192–202. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.2009.00710.x. ISSN 1542-734X. - Michael, George (21 January 2010). "Blueprints and Fantasies: A Review and Analysis of Extremist Fiction". Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 33 (2): 149–170. doi:10.1080/10576100903488451. ISSN 1057-610X. - Michael, George (2012). "Leaderless Resistance and the Extreme Right". Lone Wolf Terror and the Rise of Leaderless Resistance. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. pp. 29–59. ISBN 978-0-8265-1855-2.	enwiki/79130586	enwiki	79,130,586	The John Franklin Letters	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_John_Franklin_Letters	2025-07-14T03:09:13Z	en	Q2412245	103,502	{{Short description\|1959 novel}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2025}} {{Use American English\|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox book \| image = The John Franklin Letters cover.jpg \| caption = Cover of the first edition \| alt = Beige cover, reading The John Franklin Letters vertically to the left, and to the right a sequence of years from 1957 to 1976. The years from 1970 to 1975 are written in red \| author = Anonymous (probably [[Revilo P. Oliver]]) \| language = English \| genre = [[Dystopian fiction]] \| publisher = [[The Bookmailer]] \| pub_date = 1959 \| country = United States \| pages = 178 \| oclc = 1060810 }} '''''The John Franklin Letters''''' is a 1959 [[dystopian]] [[anti-communist]] novel. Published anonymously by [[The Bookmailer]], it was likely written by far-right activist [[Revilo P. Oliver]], a founding member of the [[John Birch Society]] and classics professor. The book was distributed and popularized by the John Birch Society. It is overtly politically right-wing and anti-communist, presenting communism as a system that can be easily overthrown with determined resistance. The book also focuses on racist themes; it was written in a period of division over race within the John Birch Society. An [[epistolary novel]], it utilizes a [[framing device]] with the eponymous letters being contextualized in a preface by a future historian. After the [[New Deal]], the United States is taken over by the "Buros" (bureaucrats). The Buros eventually give power to the [[United Nations]], who occupy the country with foreign fighters. They seize all guns, and in their first year of power, over 20 million Americans die. The protagonist, John Franklin, is a member of the Rangers, the resistance to the regime; their struggle to restore America is recounted in the letters between him and his elderly uncle. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporary commentary from the conservative ''[[National Review]]'' praised the book, while it was criticized by the left. Later commentators have described it as anti-Communist propaganda. The book contains practical advice on insurgency, and as a result acquired a reputation of being an insurgency guide; it influenced the far-right into adopting a cellular model of organization. It inspired the creation of the [[Minutemen (anti-Communist organization)\|Minutemen]] and the [[Patriot movement]], and was the primary inspiration for the novel ''[[The Turner Diaries]].'' == Plot summary == ''The John Franklin Letters'' uses a [[framing device]], with the letters in the story being collected by a future historian. The book's preface is dated 17 July 1989, with the historian contextualizing the letters, though he vows to "step aside" and let the reader take their own interpretation from them. The bulk of the narrative is made up of correspondence between elderly farmer Jacob Semmes Franklin and his nephew John Semmes Franklin, born 1920. The letters begin in 1957. John Franklin bemoans the path the country has gone on since the election of president [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and his [[New Deal]]; he criticizes the latter as resulting in overreliance on government, as does [[Welfare spending\|welfare]] (which he says black Americans and Puerto Ricans are over-reliant on). Another complaint is that police are made to not police or lightly police non-whites, which has the result of some urban areas escalating into civil war. In the late 1950s, various liberal factions, the subversive class of "Buros" (bureaucrats) launch a takeover of the government. They force the country into an overpowered bureaucracy, with the Buros running the nation. They give increased power to the [[United Nations]], who eventually have their foreign fighters, mostly Chinese, occupy the country, suspending the right of the people to defend themselves due to America's "historic psychological genocide" against the black population.{{sfn\|Bell\|2017\|p=11}} The regime becomes increasingly authoritarian and passes a law mandating all gun owners register their guns in preparation for their seizure. During the first year of this regime, 20 million Americans are either enslaved overseas or simply killed. Career military officers, especially a problem for the regime, are marched to the [[Grand Canyon]] and executed en masse. Many cities are annihilated with nuclear bombs. The Rangers, a secretive organized resistance, form. Prior to the Buros taking control of the US, the Rangers predicted what was to come and stockpiled firearms and trained for war in preparation. John Franklin is one of them, having stockpiled rifles starting in 1967. In 1973 they begin a [[guerrilla war]] against the government, utilizing small cells to increase their secrecy and engaging in large-scale acts of sabotage, including at least fourteen murders recounted by Franklin. Slowly, the Rangers win over the American populace, who help the war effort by sabotaging the system, which buckles the government's distribution and manufacturing capabilities. In 1976, the Rangers finally take control of Washington, D.C., inspiring similar revolts worldwide in countries with left-wing governments, including in Russia, China, England, Ireland, and France. At the end of the book, it is discovered that Mr. Harrison, a black Ranger and minor government officeholder, is constitutionally obligated to become president. The book ends with Harrison being inaugurated as president and the US returning to a constitutional republic. == Background and publication history == [[File:Revilo p oliver.jpg\|alt=Black and white photo of Oliver\|left\|thumb\|upright=.8\|Oliver, pictured 1963]] The book was published in 1959 by [[The Bookmailer]].{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|p=150}} It was distributed by the [[John Birch Society]] (JBS), which contributed to its popularity.{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|p=150}}{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}} No author was listed for the book and it included no publishing information.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}}{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} The actual author is probably far-right activist [[Revilo P. Oliver]],{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|p=150}}{{sfn\|McAlear\|2009\|p=195}} a founding member of the JBS and classics professor at the [[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]]; according to [[Jeffrey Kaplan (academic)\|Jeffrey Kaplan]] his work was known for "dry intellectual prose". The book was edited by Harley N. Ogden, a professor at the same university as Oliver. Ogden is also a possible author.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}}{{sfn\|McAlear\|2009\|p=195}}{{sfn\|Morris\|2017\|p=38}} The introduction is credited to Ogden.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} Oliver had written at length about race and anti-Communism prior to the book's publication.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} The book was not a mainstream success.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=7}}{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=33}} Contemporaneously, it was criticized by the left while it was positively considered by the conservative ''[[National Review]]''. Its mainstream notice was however short lived.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=33}} It was withdrawn only a few years after its publication,{{sfn\|Bell\|2017\|p=11}} and in 2017 was only available in archives and at extremely high online prices.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2017\|p=412}} Journalist [[Murray Kempton]] commented of the book that:{{sfn\|Bell\|2017\|p=12}} {{Blockquote\|text=This, of course, is the Bircher’s dream. America slides unresistingly into Communism; a few Mike Hammers find their rifles; and in five years the world is free. The Birch mind is only the Mickey Spillane mind. There is that lingering over and savoring of pure physical violence, the daydream of the disarmed. Reading The John Franklin Letters we can recognize Robert Welch’s voice. He is Charles Atlas saying to us again that we need only mail the letter and back will come the muscles which we will use to throw the bully off the beach and have the girl turn to us with eyes shining with the sudden knowledge of how special we are.}} At the time of the book's publication in the 1950s, there was a deep divide in the JBS over race. Most members viewed race as a distraction from what they thought was the true issue, fighting a worldwide communist conspiracy, but there was a separate contingent motivated more by racism. Antisemitism and racism were eventually disavowed by the JBS's leadership, which was against the racial faction, in the 1963 book ''The Neutralizers''.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} Members with more racist views exited and were eventually expelled.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2017\|p=412}} Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} == Legacy and analysis == [[File:The Turner Diaries cover, 1978, by Dennis Nix.jpg\|alt=Black and red cover of The Turner Diaries. A man and woman, each holding a gun, hide out behind a wall, while two cops from a car labeled "equality police" look for them\|thumb\|upright=.8\|1978 cover of ''[[The Turner Diaries]]'', which ''The John Franklin Letters'' inspired]] While it was not a mainstream success, ''The John Franklin Letters'' had a profound impact on the far-right.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=7}} The novel is seen as the first modern book in its genre;{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|p=150}} scholar Jeffrey Kaplan described it as "one of the earliest dystopian opuses to appear in the far right".{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2017\|p=412}} The book, with its plot focusing on insurgency, contains actual advice on how to best be an insurgent and to resist the government. As a result, ''The John Franklin Letters'' acquired a reputation of being an insurgency how-to manual and inspired direct action to a degree unlike prior books like it.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|pp=20, 24}} It inspired the creation of the anti-government militia the [[Minutemen (anti-Communist organization)\|Minutemen]] and the [[Patriot movement]]. A short-lived paramilitary group also took its name from the Rangers in the novel.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=24}} It influenced the far right's usage of the cellular model of organization.{{sfn\|Michael\|2012\|p=43}} In his authorized biography ''[[The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds]]'',{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}} ''The John Franklin Letters'' was cited by [[William Luther Pierce]] as the most direct inspiration for his novel ''[[The Turner Diaries]]'',{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|pp=20, 24}} a book which has been linked to numerous acts of terrorism and murder.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=1}} Similar to ''The John Franklin Letters'', ''The Turner Diaries'' utilizes a framing device where the events are prefaced by an in-universe future historian, though the historian in ''The John Franklin Letters'' says he will "step aside" to let the reader judge on their own. Pierce said that he had been given this book by Revilo P. Oliver;{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}}{{sfn\|McAlear\|2009\|p=195}} Oliver had recently written a review for Pierce's magazine ''[[Attack! (publication)\|Attack!]]''. In a meeting (likely in late 1974), Pierce expressed to Oliver that he was having difficulty getting people to respond to his message. Oliver asked him if he had considered writing fiction, as the kinds of people who would appreciate Pierce's views just did not read the non-fiction material Pierce had previously written.{{sfn\|McAlear\|2009\|p=195}} Pierce believed Oliver authored ''The John Franklin Letters''.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} It may have influenced [[Sam Greenlee]], who wrote ''[[The Spook Who Sat by the Door (novel)\|The Spook Who Sat by the Door]]''.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=24}} The book focuses on some racist themes, mostly the fear whites will be genocided if they are no longer the majority, but is more focused on contemporaneous conservative issues of the time like communist infiltration and government overreach.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=7}}{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|pp=150–151}} Kaplan said that despite the preference for constitutionalism over race in the book, Oliver's racism was clear, but that it was "couched in the dogma of much of the radical right which saw Black people as indolent and somewhat malevolent, but essentially innocent pawns of the Jews."{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=7}} [[George Michael (professor)\|George Michael]] called the ending of the novel, where a black man becomes president and this is portrayed in a positive light, ironic in light of its other racial grievances.{{sfn\|Michael\|2010\|p=151}} Kaplan argued this was what separated ''The John Franklin Letters'' from ''The Turner Diaries'', with this signaling a disavowal of the segregationists in the John Birch Society.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2017\|p=412}} Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} Drawing an analogy to the [[2016 United States presidential election]], Kaplan said that "In a sense, the domestic side of the story of the 2016 American presidential election metaphorically begins where ''The John Franklin Letters'' ended: with the election of a Black president".{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2017\|p=412}} Kaplan also noted that, given his later views, "one assumes that Oliver eventually found that the racially harmonious denouement of ''The John Franklin Letters'' to be a bit of an embarrassment".{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=7}} Kaplan noted the book's "dogged faith in America and its Constitution" as contrasting with the views of later racist works of its ilk, as did its lack of "future millennial paradise".{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}} He further said it was "remarkable for the way it reflected the mood of the far right of the day", utilizing it as an example of a reformist mood of the 1950s far-right, compared to the 1970s apocalyptic ''Turner Diaries''.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2000\|pp=269–270}} [[J.M. Berger]] of the [[International Centre for Counter-Terrorism]] noted the book as "unabashedly right-wing in orientation" and "foremost a work of anti-Communist propaganda".{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}} The book assumes that communism is inherently fragile and inefficient, and with any determined resistance it can be overthrown.{{sfn\|Kaplan\|2018\|p=6}}{{sfn\|Bell\|2017\|pp=11–12}} He compared it to the book ''[[The Iron Heel]]'' in its explanation of its ideology, though in contrast to that work called it "admirably succinct" in doing so. Another comparison was drawn to ''[[Anticipations of the Future]]'', with both focusing on national level politics.{{sfn\|Berger\|2016\|p=20}} Rob McAlear described it as "a straightforward tale of conservative resistance to what we would now call '[[New World Order conspiracy theory\|The New World Order]]'." McAlear argued that it provided "the foundation" for ''The Turner Diaries'', and said its usage of "a new political timeline" stemming from initially real historical events was taken up by Pierce in that book.{{sfn\|McAlear\|2009\|p=195}} == References == {{reflist}} === Works cited === {{refbegin\|25em}} * {{Cite book \|title=The Radical Right \|publisher=[[Routledge]] \|year=2017 \|isbn=978-0-7658-0749-6 \|editor-last=Bell \|editor-first=Daniel \|edition=3rd \|location=New Brunswick \|language=en \|chapter=The Dispossessed}} * {{Cite journal \|last=Berger \|first=J.M. \|author-link=J.M. Berger \|date=2016 \|title=The Turner Legacy: The Storied Origins and Enduring Impact of White Nationalism's Deadly Bible \|journal=[[International Centre for Counter-Terrorism]] \|location=The Hague \|language=en \|volume=7 \|issue=8 \|doi=10.19165/2016.1.11 \|doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book \|title=Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right \|title-link=Encyclopedia of White Power \|publisher=[[AltaMira Press]] \|year=2000 \|isbn=978-0-7425-0340-3 \|editor-last=Kaplan \|editor-first=Jeffrey \|editor-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) \|location=Walnut Creek \|pages=367–372 \|language=en \|chapter=Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG)}} * {{Cite journal \|last=Kaplan \|first=Jeffrey \|author-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) \|date=2017-05-04 \|title=Red Dawn is Now: Race vs. Nation and the American Election \|journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]] \|language=en \|volume=29 \|issue=3 \|pages=411–424 \|doi=10.1080/09546553.2017.1304759 \|issn=0954-6553}} * {{Cite journal \|last=Kaplan \|first=Jeffrey \|author-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) \|date=July 2018 \|title=America's apocalyptic literature of the radical right \|journal=[[International Sociology]] \|language=en \|volume=33 \|issue=4 \|pages=503–522 \|doi=10.1177/0268580918775583 \|issn=0268-5809}} * {{Cite book \|last=Morris \|first=Travis \|title=Dark Ideas: How Neo-Nazi and Violent Jihadi Ideologues Shaped Modern Terrorism \|publisher=[[Lexington Books]] \|year=2017 \|isbn=978-0-7391-9105-7 \|pages=25–42 \|language=en \|chapter=The Need to Weaponize Ideas: Anwar Al-Awlaki and William Pierce}} * {{Cite journal \|last=McAlear \|first=Rob \|date=2009 \|title=Hate, Narrative, and Propaganda in The Turner Diaries \|journal=The Journal of American Culture \|language=en \|volume=32 \|issue=3 \|pages=192–202 \|doi=10.1111/j.1542-734X.2009.00710.x \|issn=1542-734X}} * {{Cite journal \|last=Michael \|first=George \|author-link=George Michael (professor) \|date=2010-01-21 \|title=Blueprints and Fantasies: A Review and Analysis of Extremist Fiction \|journal=[[Studies in Conflict & Terrorism]] \|language=en \|volume=33 \|issue=2 \|pages=149–170 \|doi=10.1080/10576100903488451 \|issn=1057-610X}} * {{Cite book \|last=Michael \|first=George \|author-link=George Michael (professor) \|title=Lone Wolf Terror and the Rise of Leaderless Resistance \|publisher=[[Vanderbilt University Press]] \|year=2012 \|isbn=978-0-8265-1855-2 \|location=Nashville \|pages=29–59 \|language=en \|chapter=Leaderless Resistance and the Extreme Right}} {{refend}} {{DEFAULTSORT:John Franklin Letters, The}} [[Category:1959 American novels]] [[Category:American political novels]] [[Category:Books critical of communism]] [[Category:Conspiracist books]] [[Category:Dystopian novels]] [[Category:Epistolary novels]] [[Category:English-language novels]] [[Category:Second American Civil War speculative fiction]] [[Category:Works published anonymously]]	1,300,396,699	[{"title": "The John Franklin Letters", "data": {"Author": "Anonymous (probably Revilo P. Oliver)", "Language": "English", "Genre": "Dystopian fiction", "Publisher": "The Bookmailer", "Publication date": "1959", "Publication place": "United States", "Pages": "178", "OCLC": "1060810"}}]	false
# Outside the Gates Outside the Gates is a 1915 American silent fantasy film directed by Joe De Grasse and featuring Lon Chaney and Pauline Bush. It is thought to have been scripted by Ida May Park (De Grasse's wife). The film is now considered to be lost. ## Plot Sister Ursula is a nun in a convent in Southern Spain. One day, while the peddler Perez (Lon Chaney) comes to the convent to sell his wares, she sees Manuel, a handsome cavalier, riding by and she cannot suppress her attraction to him. Perez sells the Abbess a beautiful length of fabric for an altar cloth, but when Ursula is putting it away, she cannot resist the temptation to cover herself in the cloth and admire her own beauty. Coming to her senses, she runs to the Abbess to confess her sins. Her penance is to kneel in vigil before the altar all night long, but during the night she falls asleep. She dreams that Perez tempts her to leave the convent with him by saying he will bring her to Manuel. Ursula travels with Perez while disguised as a boy, and they come upon a group of thieves in the forest who attack and imprison Manuel when he rides near their camp. With the help of Perez, Ursula drugs the thieves on guard duty and the two help Manuel to escape. The trio comes upon a troupe of dancing girls, who think Ursula is really a young boy and tease her for being shy. Carmela, one of the dancers, attempts to win Manuel's favor, and when he ignores her advances, she attacks him with a knife. Ursula steps in her path and is stabbed in the arm. While tending to Ursula's wound, Manuel discovers she is actually a nun. The dancing girls plan a feast for Ursula, but Carmela denounces her as a fallen nun. They all attack her and brutally beat her for her sins. Suddenly Ursula wakes up on the altar with the Abbess beside her, and realizes it was all just a bad dream. She never really left the convent at all. Ursula and the Abbess pray together for her forgiveness. ## Cast - Pauline Bush as Sister Ursula - Lon Chaney as Perez, the peddler - William C. Dowlan as Manuel, a cavalier - Helen Wright as the Abbess - Carmen Phillips as Carmela, a dancing girl ## Reception "One of Joseph De Grasse's productions in which the writer evidently put a lot of thought, but some of the actions of the characters will be more apt to strike the spectator as humorous than serious. However, the story is very well constructed and contains some psychological ideas which will make people think twice. The scenes in the convent are beautiful and the rest are almost equally artistic. William Dowlan is a chevalier and Lon Chaney gets in some fine character work as the peddler." ---Motion Picture News	enwiki/18092162	enwiki	18,092,162	Outside the Gates	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outside_the_Gates	2025-06-08T18:51:52Z	en	Q7112991	25,578	{{short description\|1915 film}} {{Use American English\|date=January 2025}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=January 2019}} {{Infobox film \| name = Outside the Gates \| image = \| caption = \| director = [[Joe De Grasse]] \| producer = Rex Motion Picture Co. \| writer = Ida May Park<ref>{{cite web\|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html\|title=Outside the Gates\|last=Mirsalis\|first=Jon C.\|access-date=October 18, 2020\|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> \| starring = [[Lon Chaney]]<br>[[Pauline Bush (actress)\|Pauline Bush]] \| cinematography = \| editing = \| distributor = [[Universal Pictures]] \| released = {{Film date\|1915\|03\|14}} \| runtime = 2 reels (20 minutes) \| country = United States \| language = Silent with English intertitles }} '''''Outside the Gates''''' is a 1915 American [[silent film\|silent]] [[fantasy film]] directed by [[Joe De Grasse]] and featuring [[Lon Chaney]] and Pauline Bush. It is thought to have been scripted by Ida May Park (De Grasse's wife).<ref>{{cite web\|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html\|title=Outside the Gates\|last=Mirsalis\|first=Jon C.\|access-date=October 18, 2020\|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> The film is now considered to be [[lost film\|lost]].<ref name="silentera">{{cite web \|url=http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/O/OutsidetheGates1915.html \|title=Silent Era: Outside the Gates \|access-date=June 23, 2008\|work=silentera}}</ref> ==Plot== Sister Ursula is a nun in a convent in Southern Spain. One day, while the peddler Perez (Lon Chaney) comes to the convent to sell his wares, she sees Manuel, a handsome cavalier, riding by and she cannot suppress her attraction to him. Perez sells the Abbess a beautiful length of fabric for an altar cloth, but when Ursula is putting it away, she cannot resist the temptation to cover herself in the cloth and admire her own beauty. Coming to her senses, she runs to the Abbess to confess her sins. Her penance is to kneel in vigil before the altar all night long, but during the night she falls asleep. She dreams that Perez tempts her to leave the convent with him by saying he will bring her to Manuel. Ursula travels with Perez while disguised as a boy, and they come upon a group of thieves in the forest who attack and imprison Manuel when he rides near their camp. With the help of Perez, Ursula drugs the thieves on guard duty and the two help Manuel to escape. The trio comes upon a troupe of dancing girls, who think Ursula is really a young boy and tease her for being shy. Carmela, one of the dancers, attempts to win Manuel's favor, and when he ignores her advances, she attacks him with a knife. Ursula steps in her path and is stabbed in the arm. While tending to Ursula's wound, Manuel discovers she is actually a nun. The dancing girls plan a feast for Ursula, but Carmela denounces her as a fallen nun. They all attack her and brutally beat her for her sins. Suddenly Ursula wakes up on the altar with the Abbess beside her, and realizes it was all just a bad dream. She never really left the convent at all. Ursula and the Abbess pray together for her forgiveness. ==Cast== * [[Pauline Bush (actress)\|Pauline Bush]] as Sister Ursula * [[Lon Chaney]] as Perez, the peddler * [[William C. Dowlan]] as Manuel, a cavalier * Helen Wright as the Abbess * [[Carmen Phillips]] as Carmela, a dancing girl ==Reception== "One of Joseph De Grasse's productions in which the writer evidently put a lot of thought, but some of the actions of the characters will be more apt to strike the spectator as humorous than serious. However, the story is very well constructed and contains some psychological ideas which will make people think twice. The scenes in the convent are beautiful and the rest are almost equally artistic. William Dowlan is a chevalier and Lon Chaney gets in some fine character work as the peddler." ---Motion Picture News<ref>{{cite web\|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html\|title=Outside the Gates\|last=Mirsalis\|first=Jon C.\|access-date=October 18, 2020\|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb title\|id=0005855\|title=Outside the Gates}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Outside the Gates}} [[Category:1915 films]] [[Category:1915 short films]] [[Category:American silent short films]] [[Category:American black-and-white films]] [[Category:1910s fantasy films]] [[Category:Lost silent American films]] [[Category:Films directed by Joseph De Grasse]] [[Category:Universal Pictures short films]] [[Category:Silent American fantasy films]] [[Category:1915 lost films]] [[Category:Lost fantasy films]] [[Category:1910s American films]] [[Category:1910s English-language films]] [[Category:English-language short films]] [[Category:English-language fantasy films]]	1,294,605,959	[{"title": "Outside the Gates", "data": {"Directed by": "Joe De Grasse", "Written by": "Ida May Park", "Produced by": "Rex Motion Picture Co.", "Starring": "Lon Chaney \u00b7 Pauline Bush", "Distributed by": "Universal Pictures", "Release date": "- March 14, 1915", "Running time": "2 reels (20 minutes)", "Country": "United States", "Language": "Silent with English intertitles"}}]	false
# Osgoode Hall Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original 2+1⁄2-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode, the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada (now the province of Ontario). It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as Osgoode Hall Law School in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time. The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian Palladian and Neoclassical styles. It currently houses the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Divisional Court of the Superior Court of Justice, the offices of the Law Society of Ontario and the Great Library of the Law Society. ## History The 6-acre (2.4 ha) site at the corner of Lot Street (Queen Street West today) and College Avenue (University Avenue today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828. At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as Nathan Phillips Square now lies to the east. The portico of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a terminating vista, though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at York University), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent Osgoode subway station. Between the rebellions taking place in 1837-8 until 1843, the hall was used as troop barracks. When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by Henry Bowyer Lane; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings. In 1846, the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's Superior Court at the hall. Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the Government of Ontario. From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school. The building was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1979, and by the City of Toronto under the Ontario Heritage Act in 1990. ## Design Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late Palladian style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep livestock out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates. The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle. Two libraries are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the Law Society of Ontario and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate plaster ceiling, cork floors, an iron spiral staircase and etched glass windows. A War Memorial by Frances Loring (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the First World War. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a spiral staircase. The Toronto Courthouse at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting tunnel. - Sculpture inside the hall - Osgoode Hall Dining Room - Hall Rooms - Hall lobby - Level 2 Courtroom - American Room	enwiki/1061249	enwiki	1,061,249	Osgoode Hall	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osgoode_Hall	2025-06-29T22:29:55Z	en	Q3357219	194,751	{{Short description\|Building in Toronto}} {{For\|the law school\|Osgoode Hall Law School}} {{Use Canadian English\|date=January 2023}} {{Infobox building \| name = Osgoode Hall \| image = Historic building in downtown Toronto on an early snowy morning. Ontario courthouse. (25129051345).jpg \| image_size = \| image_alt = <!-- or \| alt = --> \| image_caption = Osgoode Hall was designed in a late-Palladian style. \| map_type = \| map_alt = \| map_caption = \| map_size = \| map_dot_label = \| map_dot_mark = \| relief = \| former_names = \| alternate_names = \| etymology = \| status = complete \| building_type = [[Office building]] and [[courthouse]] \| architectural_style = [[Palladian architecture#North American Palladian architecture\|Palladian]], [[Neoclassical architecture\|Neoclassical]] \| address = 130 [[Queen Street, Toronto\|Queen Street]] West \| location_city = [[Toronto]], Ontario \| location_country = Canada \| coordinates = {{coord\|43\|39\|08\|N\|79\|23\|08\|W\|region:CA-ON_scale:2500\|display=inline,title}} \| current_tenants = {{ubl\| * [[Law Society of Ontario]]; * [[Court of Appeal for Ontario\|Ontario Court of Appeal]]; * [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice]]}} \| namesake = [[William Osgoode]] \| start_date = 1829 \| completion_date = 1832 \| renovation_date = \| cost = \| ren_cost = \| owner = {{ubl\| * [[Law Society of Ontario]] & * [[Government of Ontario]] }} \| size = \| floor_count = 3 \| floor_area = \| grounds_area = {{convert\|6\|acre\|ha}} \| architect = [[John Ewart (architect)\|John Ewart]] and [[William Warren Baldwin]] \| architecture_firm = \| ren_architect = \| ren_firm = \| ren_engineer = \| ren_str_engineer = \| ren_serv_engineer = \| ren_civ_engineer = \| ren_oth_designers = \| ren_qty_surveyor = \| ren_contractor = \| ren_awards = \| rooms = <!-- or \| unit_count = --> \| website = <!-- {{URL\|example.com}} --> \| public_transit = {{rint\|toronto\|1}} [[Osgoode station]] \| embedded = {{designation list\|embed=yes\|designation1=Canada\|designation1_date=1979\|designation2=Ontario\|designation2_date=1990}} \| references = \| footnotes = }} '''Osgoode Hall''' is a landmark building in [[downtown Toronto]], Ontario, Canada. The original {{frac\|2\|1\|2}}-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by [[John Ewart (architect)\|John Ewart]] and [[William Warren Baldwin]]. The structure is named for [[William Osgoode]],<ref>{{cite news \| url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aNowAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Wd8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=7069%2C5933544 \| title=Courageous settlers first located in Carleton back in 1818 \| work=Ottawa Citizen \| date=Apr 28, 1953 \| access-date=2 December 2015 \| pages=A20}}</ref> the first [[Chief Justice of Upper Canada]] (now the [[Canadian province\|province]] of Ontario).<ref>http://www.heritagefdn.on.ca/userfiles/HTML/nts_1_6190_1.html Ontario Heritage Trust Osgoode Hall</ref> It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as [[Osgoode Hall Law School]] in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/about/history/\|title=History}}</ref> The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian [[Palladian architecture\|Palladian]] and [[Neoclassical architecture\|Neoclassical]] styles. It currently houses the [[Court of Appeal for Ontario\|Ontario Court of Appeal]], the Divisional Court of the [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice\|Superior Court of Justice]], the offices of the [[Law Society of Ontario]] and the Great Library of [[Law Society of Ontario\|the Law Society]]. ==History== [[File:Toronto OsgoodeHall 1856.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Osgoode Hall in 1856; the building was expanded from 1855 to 1857.]] The {{convert\|6\|acre\|ha\|adj=on}} site at the corner of Lot Street ([[Queen Street West]] today) and College Avenue ([[University Avenue (Toronto)\|University Avenue]] today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828.<ref name = "ridell">William Renwick Ridell, [http://www.erudit.org/revue/ram/1922/v1/n1/300007ar.pdf "Osgoode Hall"], Report of the Annual Meeting, Canadian Historical Association, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1922.</ref> At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as [[Nathan Phillips Square]] now lies to the east. The [[portico]] of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a [[terminating vista]], though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at [[York University]]), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent [[Osgoode (TTC)\|Osgoode subway station]]. Between [[Rebellions of 1837\|the rebellions taking place in 1837-8]] until 1843, the hall was used as troop [[barracks]].<ref name = "ridell"/> When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by [[Henry Bowyer Lane]]; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings.<ref name = "ridell"/> In 1846, the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's [[Superior Court]] at the hall.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Osgoode Hall {{!}} Law Society of Ontario \|url=https://lso.ca/about-lso/osgoode-hall-and-ontario-legal-heritage/osgoode-hall \|access-date=2025-06-29 \|website=lso.ca}}</ref> Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the [[Government of Ontario]]. From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school. The building was designated a [[National Historic Sites of Canada\|National Historic Site of Canada]] in 1979,<ref>{{DFHD\|549\|Osgoode Hall\|22 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{CRHP\|4258\|Osgoode Hall\|22 August 2012}}</ref> and by the City of Toronto under the ''[[Ontario Heritage Act]]'' in 1990.<ref>[http://secure.toronto.ca/HeritagePreservation/details.do?folderRsn=2438792&propertyRsn=218293 130 Queen Street West], Toronto Inventory of Heritage Properties</ref> ==Design== [[File:WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9336.jpg\|thumb\|Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm]] [[File:Iron Gates-Osgoode Hall National Historic Site of Canada-Toronto-Ontario-HPC4258-20221201.jpg\|thumb\|The iron gates of Osgoode Hall]] [[File:Osgoode Hall stairs for the members 2023.jpg\|thumb\|Stairs for the members]] Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late [[Palladian architecture\|Palladian]] style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep [[livestock]] out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates.<ref>[http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/osgoode/execution.aspx The Execution]. ''Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark''. Archives of Ontario. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</ref> The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle.<ref>[http://www.lostrivers.ca/points/osgoode.htm Osgoode Hall]. ''Lost Rivers''. Retrieved 2008-03-06.</ref><ref>Law, Susan. [http://www.osgoodehall.com/fence.html "Osgoode Hall Fence"]. ''Osgoode Hall'' (website). (Accessed 21 June 2007).</ref> Two [[library\|libraries]] are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the [[Law Society of Ontario]] and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate [[plaster]] ceiling, [[Flooring#Resilient flooring\|cork]] floors, an [[Stairs#Spiral and helical stairs\|iron spiral staircase]] and [[etched glass]] windows. A War Memorial by [[Frances Loring]] (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the [[First World War]]. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a [[spiral staircase]]. The [[Toronto Courthouse]] at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting [[tunnel]]. <gallery> Sculpture inside Osgoode Hall 2023.jpg\|Sculpture inside the hall WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9357.jpg\|Osgoode Hall Dining Room One of Osgoode Hall Rooms.jpg\|Hall Rooms Interior view, Osgoode Hall - Toronto, Canada - DSC00471.jpg\|Hall lobby Osgoode Hall Level 2 Courtroom Interior 2023.jpg\|Level 2 Courtroom WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9329.jpg\|American Room </gallery> ==See also== [[List of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto]] ==Notes== {{Reflist\|30em}} ==External links== {{Commons category\|Osgoode Hall}} [https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/osgoode/index.aspx Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark] Web exhibit at the Archives of Ontario [http://www.osgoodehall.com/ Susan Law's personal Osgoode Hall] main site [http://www.lsuc.on.ca/audio-tours/ Audio Tours of Osgoode Hall] from the Law Society of Upper Canada website. [http://www.lsuc.on.ca/about/about_visual_en.jsp Visual Tour of Osgoode Hall] from the Law Society of Upper Canada website. {{CRHP\|4258\|Osgoode Hall National Historic Site of Canada}} *[http://www.museumsontario.ca/museum/Osgoode-Hall--The-Law-Society Information on Osgoode Hall tours and other heritage programs] on the Discover Ontario Museums website. {{Toronto landmarks}} {{Ontario parks}} {{NHSC}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1832]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Toronto]] [[Category:Courthouses in Canada]] [[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Canada]] [[Category:Terminating vistas in Canada]] [[Category:Palladian Revival architecture in Canada]] [[Category:Osgoode Hall Law School]] [[Category:Court of Appeal for Ontario]] [[Category:National Historic Sites in Ontario]] [[Category:City of Toronto Heritage Properties]] [[Category:1832 establishments in Upper Canada]]	1,298,000,426	[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Status": "Completed", "Type": "Office building and courthouse", "Architectural style": "Palladian, Neoclassical", "Address": "130 Queen Street West", "Town or city": "Toronto, Ontario", "Country": "Canada", "Coordinates": "43\u00b039\u203208\u2033N 79\u00b023\u203208\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff43.65222\u00b0N 79.38556\u00b0W", "Current tenants": "- - Law Society of Ontario; - Ontario Court of Appeal; - Ontario Superior Court of Justice", "Named for": "William Osgoode", "Construction started": "1829", "Completed": "1832", "Owner": "- - Law Society of Ontario & - Government of Ontario"}}, {"title": "Technical details", "data": {"Floor count": "3", "Grounds": "6 acres (2.4 ha)"}}, {"title": "Design and construction", "data": {"Architect(s)": "John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Public transit access": "Osgoode station"}}, {"title": "National Historic Site of Canada", "data": {"Designated": "1979"}}, {"title": "Ontario Heritage Act", "data": {"Designated": "1990"}}]	false
# David Ramage David Ramage (born 25 June 1939) is an Australian former rower. He was a five time national champion who won a Commonwealth Games silver medal and competed at two Olympic Games. He still won gold medals at World Masters Championships in 2015. ## Club and state rowing Ramage was educated and introduced to rowing at Geelong College. He rowed in that school's first VIIIs in 1956 and 1957 to victory both years at the Victorian schools Head of the River. His senior club rowing was from the Corio Bay Rowing Club and later the Banks Rowing Club in Melbourne. At Corio Bay he rowed in a club coxed four which was undefeated in thirty-two consecutive starts throughout the racing seasons from 1960 to 1962 including Victorian and New South Wales state championship titles. At the inaugural Australian Rowing Championships of 1962 he stroked that Corio Bay crew to the Australian coxed four championship title. Ramage was selected in Victorian men's eights which contested the King's Cup at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships in 1963, 1964, 1965 and 1969. Those Victorian eights won the King's Cup in 1963, 1964 and 1969. Ramage had been rowing in Victorian and Australian representative eights with Paul Guest from 1963. In 1967 they teamed up as a coxless pair and began rowing from Melbourne's Banks Rowing Club. They would become one of the finest pair oared crews Australia has ever produced. In both years of 1967 and 1968 they won the Victorian state and the New South Wales state titles. In 1968 they won the Australian national title. ## International representative rowing The Australian champion Corio Bay crew of 1962 was selected as the Australian coxed four to contest the 1962 Commonwealth Games. Ramage stroked that crew to a silver medal win at the Commonwealth Games in Perth. They were selected to contest the 1962 World Rowing Championships in Lucerne but were unable to travel. For the 1964 Tokyo Olympics that year's winning Victorian King's Cup eight was selected in toto. The Australian squad took a new Sargent & Burton eight with them to the Olympics but quickly saw that its design and technology were way behind the European built Donoratico and Stampfli shells used by the other nations. They raced in a borrowed Donoratico eight for the B final and finished in overall eighth place in the Olympic regatta with Ramage in the four seat. The same selection criteria were used for the 2nd World Rowing Championships - those held at Bled in 1966. The Victorian King's Cup crew of 1966 were selected as the Australian eight and with Ramage at bow they rowed to a tenth placing in Bled. As the national coxless pair champions of 1968 Ramage and Guest were selected as Australia's pair entrants for the 1968 Mexico Olympics. In the course of the semi-final, when leading the field a short distance from the finish, Ramage suffered acute oxygen loss from the high-altitude venue and, they were overrun on the line. The missed out on the final and ultimately won their B final in a time 6 seconds faster than the gold medal-winning East Germans. ## Coaching and Masters rowing Ramage coached Geelong College schoolboy crews from 1973 to 1978 and later from 1989 to 1991. He took them to victories in the Victorian schools Head of the River in 1976 and 1990 and to an Australian Championships schoolboy title and Interstate Regatta youth eight win (as the state selected Victorian crew) in 1975. From 2009 to 2015 Ramage rowed competitively at Masters Regattas in crews with Paul Guest. At the 2015 World Rowing Masters Regatta, they won four gold medals.	enwiki/50234986	enwiki	50,234,986	David Ramage	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ramage	2025-06-27T11:05:12Z	en	Q24005832	41,968	{{short description\|Australian rower}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2016}} {{Use Australian English\|date=August 2016}} {{Infobox sportsperson \| name = David Barton Ramage \| image = \| image_size = \| caption = \| education = [[Geelong College]] \| headercolor = silver \| club = Corio Bay Rowing Club <br> Banks Rowing Club \| nationals = King's Cup 1963-65, 1969 \| olympics = B Final Tokyo 1964 <br> B Final Mexico 1968 \| nationality = Australian \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1939\|6\|25\|df=yes}} \| birth_place = \| height_ft = 5 \| height_in = 10.5 \| weight = 181 lb \| show-medals = yes \| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport\| Men's [[Rowing (sport)\|rowing]]}} {{MedalCountry\|[[Australia]]}} {{MedalCompetition\|[[Commonwealth Games]]}} {{MedalSilver\|[[1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games\|1962 Perth]]\|[[1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games#Rowing\|Men's Coxed Four]]}} }} '''David Ramage''' (born 25 June 1939) is an Australian former [[Rowing (sport)\|rower]]. He was a five time national champion who won a Commonwealth Games silver medal and competed at two [[Rowing at the Summer Olympics\|Olympic Games]].<ref>{{cite sports-reference\|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/david-ramage-1.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091258/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/david-ramage-1.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=2020-04-18}}</ref> He still won gold medals at World Masters Championships in 2015. ==Club and state rowing== Ramage was educated and introduced to rowing at [[Geelong College]]. He rowed in that school's first VIIIs in 1956 and 1957 to victory both years at the Victorian schools Head of the River.<ref name="AusCareer">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/rowing-associations/victoria/appendix9-19.php#Ramage \|title=Ramage Profile at Guerin Foster \|access-date=28 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421233125/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/rowing-associations/victoria/appendix9-19.php#Ramage \|archive-date=21 April 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> His senior club rowing was from the Corio Bay Rowing Club and later the Banks Rowing Club in Melbourne. At Corio Bay he rowed in a club coxed four which was undefeated in thirty-two consecutive starts throughout the racing seasons from 1960 to 1962 including Victorian and New South Wales state championship titles.<ref name="AusCareer" /> At the inaugural [[Australian Rowing Championships]] of 1962 he stroked that Corio Bay crew to the Australian coxed four championship title.<ref>[http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/national-championships/1962.html#m4c 1962 Australian Championships]</ref> Ramage was selected in Victorian men's eights which contested the [[King's Cup (rowing)\|King's Cup]] at the Interstate Regatta within the [[Australian Rowing Championships]] in 1963, 1964, 1965 and 1969.<ref name="AusCareer" /> Those Victorian eights won the [[King's Cup (rowing)\|King's Cup]] in 1963, 1964 and 1969.<ref name="AusCareer" /> Ramage had been rowing in Victorian and Australian representative eights with [[Paul Guest (rower)\|Paul Guest]] from 1963. In 1967 they teamed up as a coxless pair and began rowing from Melbourne's Banks Rowing Club. They would become one of the finest pair oared crews Australia has ever produced.<ref name="AusCareer" /> In both years of 1967 and 1968 they won the Victorian state and the New South Wales state titles. In 1968 they won the Australian national title.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==International representative rowing== The Australian champion Corio Bay crew of 1962 was selected as the Australian coxed four to contest the [[1962 Commonwealth Games]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.commonwealthgames.org.au/results/person/1085.htm\|title=Commonwealth Games results\|access-date=19 April 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313130809/http://commonwealthgames.org.au/results/person/1085.htm\|archive-date=13 March 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ramage stroked that crew to a silver medal win at the Commonwealth Games in Perth.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/commonwealth-games/1962-Perth.php \|title=1962 Commonwealth Games \|access-date=28 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725183734/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/commonwealth-games/1962-Perth.php \|archive-date=25 July 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> They were selected to contest the [[1962 World Rowing Championships]] in Lucerne but were unable to travel.<ref name="AusCareer" /> For the [[1964 Summer Olympics\|1964 Tokyo Olympics]] that year's winning Victorian King's Cup eight was selected in toto. The Australian squad took a new Sargent & Burton eight with them to the Olympics but quickly saw that its design and technology were way behind the European built Donoratico and Stampfli shells used by the other nations. They raced in a borrowed Donoratico eight for the B final and finished in overall eighth place in the Olympic regatta with Ramage in the four seat.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/olympic-games/1964-Tokyo.php \|title=1964 Olympics \|access-date=28 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724183540/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/olympic-games/1964-Tokyo.php \|archive-date=24 July 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The same selection criteria were used for the [[1966 World Rowing Championships\|2nd World Rowing Championships]] - those held at Bled in 1966. The Victorian King's Cup crew of 1966 were selected as the Australian eight and with Ramage at bow they rowed to a tenth placing in Bled.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/world-championships/1966-Bled.html \|title=1966 World Championships \|access-date=28 August 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021193904/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/world-championships/1966-Bled.html \|archive-date=21 October 2014 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> As the national coxless pair champions of 1968 Ramage and Guest were selected as Australia's pair entrants for the [[1968 Summer Olympics\|1968 Mexico Olympics]].<ref name="AusCareer" /> In the course of the semi-final, when leading the field a short distance from the finish, Ramage suffered acute oxygen loss from the high-altitude venue and, they were overrun on the line. The missed out on the final and ultimately won their B final in a time 6 seconds faster than the gold medal-winning East Germans.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==Coaching and Masters rowing== Ramage coached [[Geelong College]] schoolboy crews from 1973 to 1978 and later from 1989 to 1991. He took them to victories in the Victorian schools Head of the River in 1976 and 1990 and to an Australian Championships schoolboy title and Interstate Regatta youth eight win (as the state selected Victorian crew) in 1975.<ref name="AusCareer" /> From 2009 to 2015 Ramage rowed competitively at Masters Regattas in crews with Paul Guest. At the 2015 World Rowing Masters Regatta, they won four gold medals.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==References== {{reflist\|30em}} * {{FISA\|26288\|David Ramage}} ==External links== *[http://corporate.olympics.com.au/0F848831-5330-4B9A-B4C7B6C9B7674E5D Profile] at Australian Olympic Committee {{DEFAULTSORT:Ramage, David}} [[Category:1939 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Australian male rowers]] [[Category:Olympic rowers for Australia]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1964 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1968 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists in rowing]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games rowers for Australia]] [[Category:People educated at Geelong College]] [[Category:Medallists at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]] [[Category:20th-century Australian sportsmen]]	1,297,620,448	[{"title": "David Barton Ramage", "data": {"Nationality": "Australian", "Born": "25 June 1939", "Education": "Geelong College", "Height": "5 ft 10.5 in (179 cm)", "Weight": "181 lb (82 kg)"}}, {"title": "Sport", "data": {"Club": "Corio Bay Rowing Club \u00b7 Banks Rowing Club"}}, {"title": "Achievements and titles", "data": {"Olympic finals": "B Final Tokyo 1964 \u00b7 B Final Mexico 1968", "National finals": "King's Cup 1963-65, 1969"}}, {"title": "Commonwealth Games", "data": {"Silver medal \u2013 second place": "1962 Perth \u00b7 Men's Coxed Four"}}]	false
# Ulrich Mohr Ulrich Mohr was a German naval officer and the adjutant (first officer) on the Kriegsmarine auxiliary cruiser Atlantis during the Second World War, where one of his functions was to board captured ships and search for secret papers that might be of use to the German war effort. In November 1940, Atlantis captured the merchant ship Automedon, and Mohr led the search party that found a secret British report that revealed that they would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaya if they were attacked by the Japanese. The captain of Atlantis, Bernhard Rogge, sent the documents to his superiors who gave a summary to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the knowledge of the weak British defences in Asia may have emboldened the Japanese to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of Atlantis titled Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis, and in 1955 he published Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider in conjunction with Arthur Sellwood. ## Early life Ulrich Mohr's father was an officer in the German navy. In his early life, Ulrich travelled to Japan, China, and the United States, so that he spoke English with an American accent. He earned the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ## Military career Mohr's early military career was in minesweeping, but he used his father's connections to get a transfer to something more adventurous. That was the German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis (Ship 16), a merchant raider captained by Bernhard Rogge, on which Mohr took up the position of adjutant (first officer) to replace a professor of the history of art whom Rogge thought better suited to duties on dry land. Mohr served on Atlantis for the whole of her time at sea since leaving Germany in March 1940 until she was sunk in November 1941, during which time she sank or captured 22 Allied ships and travelled 112,500 miles (181,100 km) without putting into port. It was part of Mohr's duties to board captured vessels and recover documents such as dispatches and code books that might assist the German war effort. Among the ships he boarded were Scientist; City of Bagdad, where he found Captain White in his cabin attempting to destroy documents; and Ole Jakob, which he approached on Atlantis's boat disguised in a British navy uniform. In November 1940, he boarded the merchant ship Automedon on which he was met by the first mate, all the officers having been killed or injured on the bridge by a shell from Atlantis before they could destroy confidential documents. The survivors were unable to throw the documents overboard as the key to the strong room had been lost in the shelling. The documents were eventually found by the Germans and included a secret British report stating that Britain would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaya, and other interests in Asia if Japan were to attack them. Captain Rogge forwarded the documents to the German embassy in Tokyo who sent them to Berlin where a summary was communicated to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the revelation to the Japanese of the weak state of British military power in Asia may have emboldened them to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In November 1941, Atlantis was attacked by the British ship HMS Devonshire in the Atlantic and scuttled by her crew after she caught fire. Devonshire did not stop to pick up survivors due to the threat of U-boats in the area. Mohr and the crew eventually made it home after two rescues were launched from Germany using U-boats and surface craft. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of Atlantis titled Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis. Towards the end of the war, he helped to arrange the surrender of Kiel and was a liaison officer between the British and German navies during the disarmament period. ## Post-war life In 1955, Mohr published Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider in conjunction with Arthur Sellwood. The book was published in the United States in 1956 under the title Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis and reprinted with that title in the United Kingdom by Amberley Publishing in 2008. ## Publications - Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis. Verlag die Heimbücherei John Jahr, Berlin, 1944. - Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider. Werner Laurie, London, 1955. (With A. V. Sellwood) - Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis. John Day, New York, 1956. (Reprinted by Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2008. ISBN 9781848681156)	enwiki/63124922	enwiki	63,124,922	Ulrich Mohr	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich_Mohr	2024-07-29T05:10:08Z	en	Q85811785	55,072	{{short description\|German naval officer}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2020}} {{Infobox person \| name = Ulrich Mohr \| image = Ulrich Mohr 1940.jpg \| caption = Ulrich Mohr in 1940 \| birth_name = \| birth_date = \| birth_place = \| death_date = \| death_place = \| death_cause = \| nationality = German \| education = \| alma mater = \| occupation = ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' officer \| title = \| term = \| predecessor = \| successor = \| known for = * Service on the {{ship\|German auxiliary cruiser\|Atlantis}} during the Second World War * Joint author of ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' (1955) \| boards = \| spouse = \| children = \| parents = \| relations = \| website = }} '''Ulrich Mohr''' was a German naval officer and the [[adjutant]] (first officer) on the ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' auxiliary cruiser {{ship\|German auxiliary cruiser\|Atlantis\|\|2}} during the Second World War, where one of his functions was to board captured ships and search for secret papers that might be of use to the German war effort. In November 1940, ''Atlantis'' captured the merchant ship ''Automedon'', and Mohr led the search party that found a secret British report that revealed that they would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaya if they were attacked by the Japanese. The captain of ''Atlantis'', [[Bernhard Rogge (Naval officer)\|Bernhard Rogge]], sent the documents to his superiors who gave a summary to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the knowledge of the weak British defences in Asia may have emboldened the Japanese to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of ''Atlantis'' titled ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis'', and in 1955 he published ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' in conjunction with [[Arthur Sellwood]]. ==Early life== Ulrich Mohr's father was an officer in the German navy. In his early life, Ulrich travelled to Japan, China, and the United States,<ref name="Mohr"/> so that he spoke English with an American accent.<ref name="Duffy">{{cite book\|author=Duffy, James P.\|title=Hitler's Secret Pirate Fleet: The Deadliest Ships of World War II\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA16\|year=2005\|publisher=University of Nebraska Press\|location=Lincoln\|isbn=0-8032-6652-9\|page=16}}</ref> He earned the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.<ref name="Mohr">{{cite book\|author=Mohr, Ulrich, & Arthur V. Sellwood.\|title=Ship 16: The Story of a German Surface Raider\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=htfLF3BQPxkC&pg=PA26\|year=2008\|publisher=Amberley Publishing\|location=Stroud\|isbn=978-1-84868-115-6\|page=26}}</ref> ==Military career== [[File:German raider Atlantis as Tamesis.jpg\|thumb\|''Atlantis'' disguised as ''Tamesis'', 1940.<ref>[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/306310/ Starboard Bow View of the German Auxiliary Cruiser Atlantis (Raider No 16).] Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref>]] [[File:City of Bagdad.jpg\|thumb\|''City of Bagdad'']] [[File:Sinking of the British ship Kemmendine, 1940.jpg\|thumb\|The destruction of the British ship {{ship\|\|Kemmendine\|ship\|2}} by ''Atlantis'', July 1940.<ref>[https://www.wrecksite.eu/imgBrowser.aspx?74379# Kemmendine SS (+1940)], wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 11 February 2020.</ref>]] Mohr's early military career was in [[minesweeping]], but he used his father's connections to get a transfer to something more adventurous. That was the German auxiliary cruiser {{ship\|German auxiliary cruiser\|Atlantis\|\|2}} (Ship 16), a [[merchant raider]] captained by [[Bernhard Rogge (Naval officer)\|Bernhard Rogge]], on which Mohr took up the position of adjutant (first officer) to replace a professor of the history of art whom Rogge thought better suited to duties on dry land.<ref name="Mohr"/> Mohr served on ''Atlantis'' for the whole of her time at sea since leaving Germany in March 1940 until she was sunk in November 1941, during which time she sank or captured 22 [[Allied Powers (World War II)\|Allied]] ships and travelled {{convert\|112,500\|mi}} without putting into port.<ref name="Duffy, p. 22">[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA22 Duffy, p. 22.]</ref><ref name="Mall">{{cite book\|author=Mallmann Showell, Jak P.\|title=Hitler's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Kriegsmarine 1935-1945\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_NDBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128\|year=2009\|publisher=Seaforth\|location=Barnsley\|isbn=978-1-84832-020-8\|pages=128–129}}</ref> It was part of Mohr's duties to board captured vessels and recover documents such as dispatches and code books that might assist the German war effort.<ref name=duffy12/> Among the ships he boarded were {{ship\|\|Scientist\|ship\|2}};<ref name=duffy12>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA12 Duffy, p. 12.]</ref> {{ship\|\|City of Bagdad\|ship\|2}}, where he found Captain White in his cabin attempting to destroy documents;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA15 Duffy, p. 15.]</ref> and {{ship\|\|Ole Jakob\|ship\|2}}, which he approached on ''Atlantis''{{'}}s boat disguised in a British navy uniform.<ref name="Duffy, p. 22"/> In November 1940, he boarded the merchant ship {{SS\|Automedon\|\|2}}<ref name="Seki">{{cite book\|author=Seki, Eiji.\|title=Mrs Ferguson's Tea-set, Japan and the Second World War: The Global Consequences following Germany's Sinking of the SS Automedon in 1940\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_V5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17\|year=2006\|publisher=Global Oriental\|location=Folkestone\|isbn=978-90-04-21353-1\|page=17}}</ref> on which he was met by the [[first mate]], all the officers having been killed or injured on the bridge by a shell from ''Atlantis'' before they could destroy confidential documents. The survivors were unable to throw the documents overboard as the key to the strong room had been lost in the shelling.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u_V5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62 Seki, p. 62.]</ref> The documents were eventually found by the Germans and included a secret British report stating that Britain would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaya, and other interests in Asia if Japan were to attack them. Captain Rogge forwarded the documents to the German embassy in Tokyo who sent them to Berlin where a summary was communicated to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the revelation to the Japanese of the weak state of British military power in Asia may have emboldened them to [[Battle of Singapore\|invade Singapore]] and played a part in the development of the [[South-East Asian theatre of World War II\|war in the Pacific]].<ref name="Mall"/><ref name=duffy23>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA23 Duffy, p. 23.]</ref><ref>[https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2007/01/07/books/book-reviews/how-one-merchant-ship-doomed-a-colony/#.XkmsA4jgpXY How one merchant ship doomed a colony.] Hugh Cortazzi, ''[[The Japan Times]]'', 7 January 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ib73HpvEtQ4C&pg=PA9-IA12 "The Sinking of the "Automedon", The Capture of the "Nankin": New Light on Two Intelligence Disasters in World War II"] by [[James Rusbridger]], ''[[Encounter (magazine)\|Encounter]]'', May 1985, pp. 8-14.</ref> In November 1941, ''Atlantis'' was attacked by the British ship {{HMS\|Devonshire\|39\|6}} in the Atlantic and scuttled by her crew after she caught fire. ''Devonshire'' did not stop to pick up survivors due to the threat of [[U-boats]] in the area. Mohr and the crew eventually made it home after two rescues were launched from Germany using U-boats and surface craft.<ref name="Mall"/><ref name="Tucker">{{cite book\|author=Tucker, Spencer C. (Ed.)\|title=World War II at Sea: An Encyclopedia Vol. I A-K\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N0nrSWUHx6sC&pg=PA63\|year=2012\|publisher=ABC-CLIO\|location=Santa Barbara\|isbn=978-1-59884-457-3\|pages=63–64}}</ref> In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of ''Atlantis'' titled ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis''. Towards the end of the war, he helped to arrange the surrender of [[Kiel]] and was a liaison officer between the British and German navies during the disarmament period.<ref name="Sell">[https://books.google.com/books?id=htfLF3BQPxkC&pg=PA22 "Preface"] by Arthur V. Sellwood in {{cite book\|author=Ulrich Mohr & Arthur V. Sellwood.\|title=Ship 16: The Story of a German Surface Raider\|year=2008\|publisher=Amberley Publishing\|location=Stroud\|isbn=978-1-84868-115-6\|page=22}}</ref> ==Post-war life== In 1955, Mohr published ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' in conjunction with [[Arthur Sellwood]]. The book was published in the United States in 1956 under the title ''Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis'' and reprinted with that title in the United Kingdom by Amberley Publishing in 2008.<ref>[https://www.amberley-books.com/discover-books/military-history/ship-16.html Ship 16: The story of a German surface raider.] Amberley Publishing. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref> ==Publications== * ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis''. Verlag die Heimbücherei John Jahr, Berlin, 1944. * ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider''. Werner Laurie, London, 1955. (With A. V. Sellwood) * ''Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis''. John Day, New York, 1956. (Reprinted by Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2008. {{ISBN\|9781848681156}}) ==See also== * [[Cruiser rules]] == References == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mohr, Ulrich}} [[Category:Kriegsmarine personnel of World War II]] [[Category:20th-century German memoirists]] [[Category:Year of birth missing]] [[Category:Year of death missing]]	1,237,317,360	[{"title": "Ulrich Mohr", "data": {"Nationality": "German", "Occupation": "Kriegsmarine officer", "Known for": "- Service on the German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis during the Second World War - Joint author of Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider (1955)"}}]	false
# The Spike Drivers The Spike Drivers was a band from Detroit, Michigan and played from 1965 to 1967. The Spike Drivers began by working in various coffeehouses and clubs in the Detroit, Michigan folk rock music scene. Their music was rooted in folk, blues, and classical music. The band name was suggested by its vocalist Marycarol Brown, originating from a song about John Henry by Mississippi John Hurt called "Spike Driver Blues". The band shared the stage with performers such as Joni Mitchell and Del Shannon. The band traveled to New York City and landed a recording contract with Warner Brothers Reprise Records where they put out two 45's featuring "Strange Mysterious Sounds" with "Break Out The Wine" and "Often I Wonder" with "High Time." The band was showcased at many clubs in the New York area with the high point occurring when they opened for Eric Burdon and the Animals at the Rheingold Central Park Music Festival in 1966. Ted Lucas and Richard Keelan left the band in 1967 to record as the Misty Wizards. They were replaced in the Spike Drivers by Marshall Rubinoff and Ron Cobb. After both groups dissolved, Lucas released a self-titled solo album, Keelan relocated to Canada and performed in the Perth County Conspiracy, and Sid Brown released albums as part of the music collective, Peace, Bread & Land Band, who had four LPs between 1969 and 1978. Former member Steve Booker came to be known as Muruga Booker and still records and performs today. Rubinoff, who was married to actress Lin Shaye, relocated from Detroit to San Francisco after his attempts to form another band following the dissolution of the Spike Drivers failed; he died there in a motorcycle accident on July 7, 1968, a few days past his 24th birthday. ## Members - Marycarol Brown - vocals - Sid Brown - guitar - Ted Lucas - guitar, vocals - Richard Keelan - bass, vocals - Steve Booker - drums - Larry Cruse - drums (replaced Steve Booker in late 1965)[4]	enwiki/2863444	enwiki	2,863,444	The Spike Drivers	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spike_Drivers	2025-04-13T10:46:51Z	en	Q7765863	33,092	{{Short description\|US musical group}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=April 2025}} {{Infobox musical artist \| name = The Spike Drivers \| image = The Spike Drivers.png \| image_size = 250px \| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --> \| alt = \| caption = The Spike Drivers in 1966 \| background = group_or_band \| alias = \| origin = [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] \| genre = [[Psychedelic pop]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Spike Drivers Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More \|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/spikedrivers-mn0003463526 \|website=AllMusic \|access-date=4 April 2023 \|language=en}}</ref> \| years_active = <!-- {{start date\|YYYY}}–{{end date\|YYYY}} (or –present) --> \| label = Reprise Records \| associated_acts = \| website = <!-- {{URL\|example.com}} --> \| current_members = \| past_members = Ted Lucas, Richard Keelan, Sid Brown, Marycarol Brown, Larry Cruse, [[Muruga Booker\|Steve Booker]] }} '''The Spike Drivers''' was a band from [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] and played from 1965 to 1967. The Spike Drivers began by working in various coffeehouses and clubs in the [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] [[folk rock]] music scene. Their music was rooted in folk, blues, and classical music. The band name was suggested by its vocalist Marycarol Brown, originating from a song about [[John Henry (folklore)\|John Henry]] by [[Mississippi John Hurt]] called "Spike Driver Blues".<ref>Detroit Area Rock Bands [http://home.att.net/~s.m.geer/bands.htm Spike Drivers] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070529084738/http://home.att.net/~s.m.geer/bands.htm \|date=2007-05-29 }} Retrieved on May 30, 2007</ref> The band shared the stage with performers such as [[Joni Mitchell]] and [[Del Shannon]]. The band traveled to [[New York City]] and landed a recording contract with [[Warner Brothers]] [[Reprise Records]] where they put out two [[Gramophone record\|45's]] featuring "Strange Mysterious Sounds" with "Break Out The Wine" and "Often I Wonder" with "High Time." The band was showcased at many clubs in the New York area with the high point occurring when they opened for [[Eric Burdon]] and [[the Animals]] at the Rheingold Central Park Music Festival in 1966. Ted Lucas and Richard Keelan left the band in 1967 to record as the Misty Wizards. They were replaced in the Spike Drivers by Marshall Rubinoff and Ron Cobb. After both groups dissolved, Lucas released a self-titled solo album, Keelan relocated to Canada and performed in the [[Perth County Conspiracy]], and Sid Brown released albums as part of the music collective, Peace, Bread & Land Band, who had four LPs between 1969 and 1978. Former member Steve Booker came to be known as [[Muruga Booker]] and still records and performs today. Rubinoff, who was married to actress [[Lin Shaye]], relocated from Detroit to San Francisco after his attempts to form another band following the dissolution of the Spike Drivers failed; he died there in a motorcycle accident on July 7, 1968, a few days past his 24th birthday.<ref>[https://www.fifthestate.org/archive/58-july-18-31-1968/marshall-rubinoff-7-5-44-7-7-68/ Marshall Rubinoff: In Memoriam.] [https://www.fifthestate.org/ Fifth Estate]. Retrieved May 21, 2019.</ref> == Members == Marycarol Brown - [[Singing\|vocals]] Sid Brown - [[guitar]] Ted Lucas - guitar, vocals Richard Keelan - [[Bass guitar\|bass]], vocals [[Muruga Booker\|Steve Booker]] - [[Drum kit\|drums]] Larry Cruse - drums (replaced Steve Booker in late 1965)<ref>[http://record-fiend.blogspot.com/2010/09/spike-drivers-folkrocking-psychedelia.html ''The Spike-Drivers - Folkrocking Psychedelia from the Motor City'' in The Record Fiend, September 2, 2010] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114014548/http://record-fiend.blogspot.com/2010/09/spike-drivers-folkrocking-psychedelia.html \|date=November 14, 2013 }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * {{Discogs artist\|The Spike-Drivers}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Spike Drivers, The}} [[Category:American folk rock groups]] {{US-band-stub}}	1,285,376,844	[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Origin": "Detroit, Michigan", "Genres": "Psychedelic pop", "Labels": "Reprise Records"}}]	false
# Filipe da Costa Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa (born 30 August 1984) is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a midfielder. ## Football career ### Early career Born in Lisbon, Costa began his career at S.L. Benfica, also being loaned to C.F. Os Belenenses and Amora F.C. during his formative years. In 2003, he moved to Italy's A.C. Reggiana 1919, but failed to appear in any games in the season's Serie C1/A. ### Greece In January 2005, Costa joined Super League Greece club Ionikos FC. Exactly two years later he was loaned to Athlitiki Enosi Larissa FC, which eventually won the domestic cup as the player appeared in one match in the tournament, the 31 January quarter-finals against PAE Kerkyra. During his two-and-a-half-year stay in the country, Costa was voted by fans and league players and coaches for two consecutive years to the annual All-Star game, held between the best Greek and foreign players. ### England / Romania On 1 September 2007, Costa signed a one-year contract with Leeds United. He made seven appearances, all but one as a substitute, and was sent off in a rare start, a game against Bury for the Football League Trophy; his injuries otherwise largely prevented him from playing. In mid-January 2008, Costa joined Scottish club Falkirk for a trial, but returned to Elland Road after this proved unsuccessful. He was released in April. For the 2008–09 campaign, Costa moved to Romania with FC Politehnica Timișoara, with the contract including a special clause that stated it could be terminated if the player suffered an injury. He was released on 4 August 2008. ### Bulgaria In September 2008, Costa signed for PFC CSKA Sofia. He made his debut for his new team on 4 October against FC Vihren Sandanski, playing a total of five matches during the season. In January of the following year CSKA released the player, via arbitration commission of the Bulgarian Football Union. On 28 January 2009, Costa joined PFC Levski Sofia on a three-year deal. He made his competitive debut also against Vihren, in the first game of the second round of the championship, a 3–2 win. On 9 May he appeared in The Eternal Derby against ex-team CSKA, which resulted in a 2–0 away win; in total, he contributed with eight appearances for an eventual league win. On 21 June 2009, it was announced that Levski were trying to sell Costa. Club coach Emil Velev decided to sell the player due to his poor performances in the second round of the campaign. ### Return to Portugal On 13 July 2009, Costa returned to Portugal after six years, joining C.D. Nacional. He was not registered for the season's UEFA Europa League by the Madeirans and, on 5 January 2010, without making any official appearances, he was released, quickly signing with G.D. Estoril Praia in the Segunda Liga. ## Honours Larissa - Greek Football Cup: 2006–07 Levski - First Professional Football League: 2008–09	enwiki/13046386	enwiki	13,046,386	Filipe da Costa	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipe_da_Costa	2025-05-03T20:53:53Z	en	Q1310363	99,966	{{short description\|Portuguese footballer}} {{Lead too short\|date=October 2021}}{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2023}} {{Infobox football biography \| name = Filipe da Costa \| image = \| caption = \| fullname = Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1984\|8\|30\|df=y}} \| birth_place = [[Lisbon]], Portugal \| height = 1.80 m \| position = [[Midfielder]] \| currentclub = \| clubnumber = \| youthyears1 = 1994–2002 \| youthyears2 = 1999–2001 \| youthyears3 = 2001–2002 \| youthyears4 = 2002–2003 \| youthclubs1 = [[S.L. Benfica\|Benfica]] \| youthclubs2 = → [[C.F. Os Belenenses\|Belenenses]] (loan) \| youthclubs3 = → [[Amora F.C.\|Amora]] (loan) \| youthclubs4 = [[S.C. Braga\|Braga]] \| years1 = 2003–2004 \| years2 = 2005–2007 \| years3 = 2007 \| years4 = 2007–2008 \| years5 = 2008 \| years6 = 2008 \| years7 = 2009 \| years8 = 2009–2010 \| years9 = 2010–2011 \| years10 = 2011–2012 \| years11 = 2012–2013 \| years12 = 2013 \| years13 = 2013–2014 \| years14 = 2014–2015 \| years15 = 2015–2016 \| years16 = 2016–2017 \| years17 = 2017 \| clubs1 = [[A.C. Reggiana 1919\|Reggiana]] \| clubs2 = [[Ionikos F.C.\|Ionikos]] \| clubs3 = → [[Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C.\|AEL]] (loan) \| clubs4 = [[Leeds United F.C.\|Leeds United]] \| clubs5 = [[FC Politehnica Timișoara\|Politehnica Timișoara]] \| clubs6 = [[PFC CSKA Sofia\|CSKA Sofia]] \| clubs7 = [[PFC Levski Sofia\|Levski Sofia]] \| clubs8 = [[C.D. Nacional\|Nacional]] \| clubs9 = [[G.D. Estoril Praia\|Estoril]] \| clubs10 = [[Panserraikos F.C.\|Panserraikos]] \| clubs11 = [[Enosis Neon Paralimni\|Enosis Neon]] \| clubs12 = [[Panserraikos F.C.\|Panserraikos]] \| clubs13 = [[Veria F.C.\|Veria]] \| clubs14 = [[Panachaiki F.C.\|Panachaiki]] \| clubs15 = [[Panserraikos F.C.\|Panserraikos]] \| clubs16 = [[Olympiacos Volos F.C.\|Olympiakos Volos]] \| clubs17 = [[AE Ergazomenon Kritis SYN.KA F.C.\|AEEK INKA]] \| caps1 = 0 \| caps2 = 49 \| caps3 = 4 \| caps4 = 4 \| caps5 = 0 \| caps6 = 5 \| caps7 = 8 \| caps8 = 0 \| caps9 = 3 \| caps10 = 19 \| caps11 = 8 \| caps12 = 18 \| caps13 = 3 \| caps14 = 24 \| caps15 = 4 \| caps16 = 0 \| caps17 = 0 \| totalcaps = 149 \| goals1 = 0 \| goals2 = 5 \| goals3 = 0 \| goals4 = 0 \| goals5 = 0 \| goals6 = 0 \| goals7 = 0 \| goals8 = 0 \| goals9 = 0 \| goals10 = 1 \| goals11 = 0 \| goals12 = 4 \| goals13 = 0 \| goals14 = 5 \| goals15 = 0 \| goals16 = 0 \| goals17 = 0 \| totalgoals = 15 \| nationalyears1 = 2002 \| nationalteam1 = [[Portugal national under-18 football team\|Portugal U18]] \| nationalcaps1 = 1 \| nationalgoals1 = 0 \| club-update = }} '''Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa''' (born 30 August 1984) is a Portuguese retired [[Association football\|footballer]] who played as a [[midfielder]]. ==Football career== ===Early career=== Born in [[Lisbon]], Costa began his career at [[S.L. Benfica]], also being loaned to [[C.F. Os Belenenses]] and [[Amora F.C.]] during his formative years.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://amorafc.com/2001_2002_seniores_equipa.htm \|title=Seniores 2001/2002 – Equipa\|trans-title=Seniors 2001/2002 – Team\|publisher=Amora FC\|language=Portuguese\|accessdate=28 July 2009\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020920055239/http://amorafc.com/2001_2002_seniores_equipa.htm\|archivedate=20 September 2002}}</ref> In 2003, he moved to Italy's [[A.C. Reggiana 1919]], but failed to appear in any games in the season's [[Lega Pro Prima Divisione\|Serie C1/A]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.calciatori.com/calcom/almanacco/squadra.jsp?id=42&anno=2003\|title=Reggiana\|publisher=Calciatori\|language=Italian\|accessdate=28 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915021443/http://www.calciatori.com/calcom/almanacco/squadra.jsp?id=42&anno=2003\|archivedate=15 September 2007}}</ref> ===Greece=== In January 2005, Costa joined [[Super League Greece]] club [[Ionikos F.C.\|Ionikos FC]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ionikos-fc.gr/gr/players2006-07/8dacosta.htm\|title=Filipe da Costa\|publisher=Ionikos F.C\|language=Greek\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028213844/http://www.ionikos-fc.gr/gr/players2006-07/8dacosta.htm\|archivedate=28 October 2008}}</ref> Exactly two years later he was loaned to [[Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C.\|Athlitiki Enosi Larissa FC]], which eventually [[2006–07 Greek Cup\|won]] the [[Greek Football Cup\|domestic cup]] as the player appeared in one match in the tournament, the 31 January quarter-finals against [[PAE Kerkyra]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ael1964.gr/inside.asp?lang=el&pid=4&sel=8&gid=118\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721075620/http://www.ael1964.gr/inside.asp?lang=el&pid=4&sel=8&gid=118\|url-status=usurped\|archive-date=21 July 2011\|script-title=el:Στοιχεία αγώνα\|trans-title=Match details\|publisher=AEL 1964\|language=Greek\|date=2007\|accessdate=28 July 2009\|title=Ael1964.gr}}</ref> During his two-and-a-half-year stay in the country, Costa was voted by fans and league players and coaches for two consecutive years to the annual All-Star game, held between the best Greek and foreign players.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=5\|title=All Star Game 2006\|publisher=All Star Game\|language=Greek\|date=2006\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315024132/http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=5\|archivedate=15 March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=6\|title=All Star Game 2007\|publisher=All Star Game\|language=Greek\|date=2007\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309034604/http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=6\|archivedate=9 March 2009}}</ref> ===England / Romania=== On 1 September 2007, Costa signed a one-year contract with [[Leeds United A.F.C\|Leeds United]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/leeds_united/6972246.stm\|title=Leeds complete trio of signings\|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]\|date=1 September 2007\|accessdate=1 September 2007}}</ref> He made seven appearances, all but one as a [[Substitute (association football)\|substitute]], and was [[Ejection (sports)\|sent off]] in a rare start, a game against [[Bury F.C.\|Bury]] for the [[Football League Trophy]]; his injuries otherwise largely prevented him from playing.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/l/leeds_united/7346824.stm\|title=Leeds cancel Da Costa's contract\|publisher=BBC Sport\|date=14 April 2008\|accessdate=18 June 2010}}</ref> In mid-January 2008, Costa joined [[Scotland\|Scottish]] club [[Falkirk F.C.\|Falkirk]] for a trial, but returned to [[Elland Road]] after this proved unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.leedsunited-mad.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&id=373046\|title=Da Costa still on look-out\|publisher=Leeds United Mad\|date=18 January 2008\|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> He was released in April.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.thefootballnetwork.net/main/s277/st127939.htm\|title=Da Costa released\|publisher=The Football Network\|date=14 April 2008\|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> For the [[2008–09 Liga I\|2008–09 campaign]], Costa moved to [[Romania]] with [[FC Politehnica Timișoara]], with the contract including a special clause that stated it could be terminated if the player suffered an injury. He was released on 4 August 2008.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/da-costa-pus-pe-liber-de-timisoara-2853303\|title=Da Costa, pus pe liber de Timişoara\|trans-title=Da Costa, released by Timişoara\|publisher=[[ProSport]]\|language=Romanian\|date=5 August 2008\|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> ===Bulgaria=== In September 2008, Costa signed for [[PFC CSKA Sofia]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.football24.bg/?gg=3&hh=4&ii=139&jj=6&ll=10264&mm=139\|title=CSKA takes Portugal playmaker\|publisher=Football 24\|date=10 September 2008\|accessdate=10 September 2008}}</ref> He made his debut for his new team on 4 October against [[FC Vihren Sandanski]], playing a total of five matches during [[2008–09 A Group\|the season]].<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news\|url=http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?pStr=Player&plid=189604\|title=Da Costa facts\|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]\|accessdate=14 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008160523/http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?pStr=Player&plid=189604\|archivedate=8 October 2011}}</ref> In January of the following year CSKA released the player, via arbitration commission of the [[Bulgarian Football Union]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://cska.sportal.bg/bg/article:467\|title=Трима футболисти разтрогнаха договорите си с ЦСКА\|trans-title=Three players terminate contract with CSKA\|publisher=CSKA Sportal\|language=Bulgarian\|date=January 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009}} {{Dead link\|date=October 2010\|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> On 28 January 2009, Costa joined [[PFC Levski Sofia]] on a three-year deal.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170519\|title=PFC Levski presents Portuguese Filipe Da Costa signing for three years\|publisher=Levski Sofia\|date=28 January 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211100/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170519\|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> He made his competitive debut also against Vihren, in the first game of the second round of the championship, a 3–2 win. On 9 May he appeared in [[Eternal derby of Bulgarian football\|The Eternal Derby]] against ex-team CSKA, which resulted in a 2–0 away win; in total, he contributed with eight appearances for an eventual league win.<ref name="Guardian"/><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170782\|title=Levski win 26th title!\|publisher=Levski Sofia\|language=Bulgarian\|date=31 May 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211211/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170782\|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> On 21 June 2009, it was announced that Levski were trying to sell Costa.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://topsport.ibox.bg/news/id_1588257436\|title=Левски гони Да Коща\|trans-title=Levski offload Costa\|publisher=Topsport\|language=Bulgarian\|date=21 June 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009}}</ref> Club coach [[Emil Velev]] decided to sell the player due to his poor performances in the second round of the campaign.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://paper.standartnews.com/en/article.php?d=2009-07-10&article=28058\|title=Levski sell Da Costa\|publisher=Paper Standartnews\|date=10 July 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009}}</ref> ===Return to Portugal=== On 13 July 2009, Costa returned to Portugal after six years, joining [[C.D. Nacional]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170871\|title=Filipe Da Costa transferred to Nacional Madeira (Portugal)\|publisher=Levski Sofia\|date=13 July 2009\|accessdate=29 July 2009\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211244/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170871\|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> He was not registered for [[2009–10 UEFA Europa League\|the season]]'s [[UEFA Europa League]] by the [[Madeira]]ns<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.uefa.com/footballeurope/club=53010/competition=14/index.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819215110/http://www.uefa.com/footballEurope/Club=53010/competition=14/index.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=19 August 2006\|title=CD Nacional\|publisher=UEFA\|accessdate=12 September 2009}}</ref> and, on 5 January 2010, without making any official appearances, he was released,<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.cdnacional.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1231\|title=Futebol profissional: C.D. Nacional acorda rescisão com Filipe da Costa (Professional football: C.D. Nacional agree rescision with Filipe da Costa\|publisher=CD Nacional\|language=Portuguese\|date=5 January 2010\|accessdate=22 January 2010\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603020905/http://www.cdnacional.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1231\|archivedate=3 June 2010}}</ref> quickly signing with [[G.D. Estoril Praia]] in the [[Segunda Liga]]. ==Honours== '''Larissa''' [[Greek Football Cup]]: [[2006–07 Greek Cup\|2006–07]] '''Levski''' [[First Professional Football League (Bulgaria)\|First Professional Football League]]: [[2008–09 A Group\|2008–09]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{ForaDeJogo}} {{Soccerbase}} {{FPF national player\|451920}} {{Soccerway\|filipe-gui-paradela-maciel-da-costa/90160}} *[http://en.levskisofia.info/player/filipe-da-costa/ Levski official profile] {{DEFAULTSORT:Costa, Filipe Da}} [[Category:1984 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Footballers from Lisbon]] [[Category:Portuguese men's footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football midfielders]] [[Category:Liga Portugal 2 players]] [[Category:C.D. Nacional players]] [[Category:G.D. Estoril Praia players]] [[Category:AC Reggiana 1919 players]] [[Category:Super League Greece players]] [[Category:Football League (Greece) players]] [[Category:Ionikos F.C. players]] [[Category:Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C. players]] [[Category:Panserraikos F.C. players]] [[Category:Veria F.C. players]] [[Category:Panachaiki F.C. players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:Leeds United F.C. players]] [[Category:FC Politehnica Timișoara players]] [[Category:First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players]] [[Category:PFC CSKA Sofia players]] [[Category:PFC Levski Sofia players]] [[Category:Cypriot First Division players]] [[Category:Enosis Neon Paralimni FC players]] [[Category:Portugal men's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Italy]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Romania]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Bulgaria]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Greece]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Italy]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Romania]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Greece]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus]] [[Category:21st-century Portuguese sportsmen]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in England]]	1,288,620,572	[{"title": "Filipe da Costa", "data": {"Full name": "Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa", "Date of birth": "30 August 1984", "Place of birth": "Lisbon, Portugal", "Height": "1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)", "Position(s)": "Midfielder"}}, {"title": "Youth career", "data": {"1994\u20132002": "Benfica", "1999\u20132001": "\u2192 Belenenses (loan)", "2001\u20132002": "\u2192 Amora (loan)", "2002\u20132003": "Braga"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2003\u20132004": "Reggiana \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2005\u20132007": "Ionikos \u00b7 49 \u00b7 (5)", "2007": "\u2192 AEL (loan) \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2007\u20132008": "Leeds United \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2008": ["Politehnica Timi\u0219oara \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "CSKA Sofia \u00b7 5 \u00b7 (0)"], "2009": "Levski Sofia \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2009\u20132010": "Nacional \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2010\u20132011": "Estoril \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2011\u20132012": "Panserraikos \u00b7 19 \u00b7 (1)", "2012\u20132013": "Enosis Neon \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2013": "Panserraikos \u00b7 18 \u00b7 (4)", "2013\u20132014": "Veria \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2014\u20132015": "Panachaiki \u00b7 24 \u00b7 (5)", "2015\u20132016": "Panserraikos \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2016\u20132017": "Olympiakos Volos \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2017": "AEEK INKA \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "Total": "149 \u00b7 (15)"}}, {"title": "International career", "data": {"2002": "Portugal U18 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 (0)"}}]	false
# List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1990 In 1990, Billboard magazine published a chart ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the adult contemporary music (AC) market. The chart, which in 1990 was published under the title Hot Adult Contemporary, has undergone various name changes during its history but has been published as Adult Contemporary since 1996. In 1990, 18 songs topped the chart based on playlists submitted by radio stations. In the issue of Billboard dated January 6, Michael Bolton was at number one with "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You", which retained the top spot from the final chart of 1989.[a] Bolton's song held the top spot for one further week before being replaced by Rod Stewart's recording of the Tom Waits song "Downtown Train". Stewart was one of five acts to achieve two number ones during the year, as he returned to the top of the chart in April with "This Old Heart of Mine". The song featured additional vocals by Ronald Isley, whose group the Isley Brothers had recorded the original version of the song in the mid-1960s. Bolton, Mariah Carey, Gloria Estefan and Wilson Phillips also took two songs to number one during the year. Estefan and Stewart each spent a total of six weeks atop the chart, tying for the most weeks spent at number one during the year with Bette Midler, who spent six consecutive weeks in the top spot with "From a Distance", the year's longest unbroken run at number one. In the second half of the year, Carey achieved the feat of taking her first two singles not only to the top of the Hot Adult Contemporary chart but also to number one on Billboard's pop singles listing, the Hot 100, beginning a recording career that would ultimately make her one of the biggest-selling female performers of all time. She would achieve six AC number ones in the first half of the 1990s, before her music began to move in a more heavily R&B and hip hop-influenced direction. In October, the Righteous Brothers reached number one with their 1965 recording of the song "Unchained Melody", which was re-released after it was prominently featured in the film Ghost. Following the song's appearance on the film's soundtrack, the duo recorded a new version of the song, and both recordings entered the Hot 100, but it was the original rendition that gained sufficient airplay on adult contemporary radio to enter and ultimately top the AC chart. The year's final number one was also taken from a film soundtrack; "You Gotta Love Someone" by Elton John, which spent the last three weeks of 1990 at number one, appeared in the film Days of Thunder. ## Chart history \| Issue date \| Title \| Artist(s) \| Ref. \| \| ------------ \| --------------------------------------- \| -------------------------------------- \| ------ \| \| January 6 \| "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" \| Michael Bolton \| [ 2 ] \| \| January 13 \| "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" \| Michael Bolton \| [ 12 ] \| \| January 20 \| "Downtown Train" \| Rod Stewart \| [ 13 ] \| \| January 27 \| "Here We Are" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 14 ] \| \| February 3 \| "Here We Are" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 15 ] \| \| February 10 \| "Here We Are" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 16 ] \| \| February 17 \| "Here We Are" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 17 ] \| \| February 24 \| "Here We Are" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 18 ] \| \| March 3 \| "All My Life" \| Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville \| [ 19 ] \| \| March 10 \| "All My Life" \| Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville \| [ 20 ] \| \| March 17 \| "All My Life" \| Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville \| [ 21 ] \| \| March 24 \| "Love Will Lead You Back" \| Taylor Dayne \| [ 22 ] \| \| March 31 \| "Love Will Lead You Back" \| Taylor Dayne \| [ 23 ] \| \| April 7 \| "Love Will Lead You Back" \| Taylor Dayne \| [ 24 ] \| \| April 14 \| "Love Will Lead You Back" \| Taylor Dayne \| [ 25 ] \| \| April 21 \| "This Old Heart of Mine" \| Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley \| [ 26 ] \| \| April 28 \| "This Old Heart of Mine" \| Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley \| [ 27 ] \| \| May 5 \| "This Old Heart of Mine" \| Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley \| [ 28 ] \| \| May 12 \| "This Old Heart of Mine" \| Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley \| [ 29 ] \| \| May 19 \| "This Old Heart of Mine" \| Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley \| [ 30 ] \| \| May 26 \| "Hold On" \| Wilson Phillips \| [ 31 ] \| \| June 2 \| "Do You Remember?" \| Phil Collins \| [ 32 ] \| \| June 9 \| "Do You Remember?" \| Phil Collins \| [ 33 ] \| \| June 16 \| "Do You Remember?" \| Phil Collins \| [ 34 ] \| \| June 23 \| "Do You Remember?" \| Phil Collins \| [ 35 ] \| \| June 30 \| "Do You Remember?" \| Phil Collins \| [ 36 ] \| \| July 7 \| "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" \| Michael Bolton \| [ 37 ] \| \| July 14 \| "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" \| Michael Bolton \| [ 38 ] \| \| July 21 \| "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" \| Michael Bolton \| [ 39 ] \| \| July 28 \| "Cuts Both Ways" \| Gloria Estefan \| [ 40 ] \| \| August 4 \| "Vision of Love" \| Mariah Carey \| [ 41 ] \| \| August 11 \| "Vision of Love" \| Mariah Carey \| [ 42 ] \| \| August 18 \| "Vision of Love" \| Mariah Carey \| [ 43 ] \| \| August 25 \| "Come Back to Me" \| Janet Jackson \| [ 44 ] \| \| September 1 \| "Come Back to Me" \| Janet Jackson \| [ 45 ] \| \| September 8 \| "Come Back to Me" \| Janet Jackson \| [ 46 ] \| \| September 15 \| "Release Me" \| Wilson Phillips \| [ 47 ] \| \| September 22 \| "Oh Girl" \| Paul Young \| [ 48 ] \| \| September 29 \| "Oh Girl" \| Paul Young \| [ 49 ] \| \| October 6 \| "Oh Girl" \| Paul Young \| [ 50 ] \| \| October 13 \| "Unchained Melody" \| The Righteous Brothers \| [ 51 ] \| \| October 20 \| "Unchained Melody" \| The Righteous Brothers \| [ 52 ] \| \| October 27 \| "Love Takes Time" \| Mariah Carey \| [ 53 ] \| \| November 3 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 54 ] \| \| November 10 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 55 ] \| \| November 17 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 56 ] \| \| November 24 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 57 ] \| \| December 1 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 58 ] \| \| December 8 \| "From a Distance" \| Bette Midler \| [ 59 ] \| \| December 15 \| "You Gotta Love Someone" \| Elton John \| [ 60 ] \| \| December 22 \| "You Gotta Love Someone" \| Elton John \| [ 61 ] \| \| December 29 \| "You Gotta Love Someone" \| Elton John \| [ 62 ] \|	enwiki/23831079	enwiki	23,831,079	List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1990	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hot_Adult_Contemporary_number_ones_of_1990	2025-05-16T00:25:56Z	en	Q6631121	241,444	{{short description\|None}} {{Featured list}} [[File:TheRighteousBrothersperformingKBF.jpg\|thumb\|right\|upright=1.4\|[[The Righteous Brothers]] topped the chart with their 1965 recording of "[[Unchained Melody]]", which was re-released after being featured in the film ''[[Ghost (1990 film)\|Ghost]]''.\|alt=Singers the Righteous Brothers performing]] In 1990, ''[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]'' magazine published a [[record chart\|chart]] ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the [[adult contemporary music]] (AC) market. The chart, which in 1990 was published under the title [[Adult Contemporary (chart)\|Hot Adult Contemporary]], has undergone various name changes during its history but has been published as Adult Contemporary since 1996.{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2007\|p=vi}} In 1990, 18 songs topped the chart based on playlists submitted by radio stations.{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2007\|p=vi}} In the issue of ''Billboard'' dated January 6, [[Michael Bolton]] was at number one with "[[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]", which retained the top spot from the final chart of 1989.<ref name=J7 />{{ref label\|Phil\|a\|}} Bolton's song held the top spot for one further week before being replaced by [[Rod Stewart]]'s recording of the [[Tom Waits]] song "[[Downtown Train]]".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/apr/19/rod-stewart-songwriting-album-time\|title=Rod Stewart: 'I thought songwriting had left me'\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|first=Michael\|last=Hann\|date=April 19, 2013\|accessdate=November 15, 2019}}</ref> Stewart was one of five acts to achieve two number ones during the year, as he returned to the top of the chart in April with "[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)\|This Old Heart of Mine]]". The song featured additional vocals by [[Ronald Isley]], whose group [[the Isley Brothers]] had recorded the original version of the song in the mid-1960s.{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2005\|p=339}} Bolton, [[Mariah Carey]], [[Gloria Estefan]] and [[Wilson Phillips]] also took two songs to number one during the year. Estefan and Stewart each spent a total of six weeks atop the chart, tying for the most weeks spent at number one during the year with [[Bette Midler]], who spent six consecutive weeks in the top spot with "[[From a Distance]]", the year's longest unbroken run at number one. In the second half of the year, Carey achieved the feat of taking her first two singles not only to the top of the Hot Adult Contemporary chart but also to number one on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[pop music\|pop]] singles listing, the [[Billboard Hot 100\|Hot 100]],{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2005\|p=106}} beginning a recording career that would ultimately make her one of the biggest-selling female performers of all time.<ref name=mariah>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mariah-carey-mn0000262255/biography\|title=Mariah Carey Biography & History\|first=Jason\|last=Ankeny\|publisher=[[AllMusic]]\|accessdate=November 15, 2019\|archive-date=July 23, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723104726/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mariah-carey-mn0000262255/biography\|url-status=live}}</ref> She would achieve six AC number ones in the first half of the 1990s,{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2002\|pp=45–46}} before her music began to move in a more heavily [[contemporary R&B\|R&B]] and [[hip hop music\|hip hop]]-influenced direction.<ref name=mariah /> In October, [[the Righteous Brothers]] reached number one with their 1965 recording of the song "[[Unchained Melody]]", which was re-released after it was prominently featured in the film ''[[Ghost (1990 film)\|Ghost]]''.<ref name=ghost>{{Cite web\|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/10/entertainment/feat-ghost-25th-anniversary-years/index.html\|title='Ghost' love has lingered for 25 years\|publisher=[[CNN]]\|first=Todd\|last=Leopold\|date=July 10, 2015\|accessdate=November 15, 2019\|archive-date=November 15, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115160422/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/10/entertainment/feat-ghost-25th-anniversary-years/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the song's appearance on the film's soundtrack, the duo recorded a new version of the song, and both recordings entered the Hot 100,<ref name=ghost /> but it was the original rendition that gained sufficient airplay on adult contemporary radio to enter and ultimately top the AC chart.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1990-10-19-9003280065-story.html\|title=James Ingram Hits No.1 as a Solo\|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]\|first=Jan\|last=DeKnock\|date=October 19, 1990\|accessdate=November 15, 2019}}</ref>{{sfn\|Whitburn\|2002\|p=204}} The year's final number one was also taken from a film soundtrack; "[[You Gotta Love Someone]]" by [[Elton John]], which spent the last three weeks of 1990 at number one, appeared in the film ''[[Days of Thunder]]''.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.radiox.co.uk/features/x-lists/best-selling-greatest-hits-albums/\|title=The Top 10 best selling Greatest Hits albums\|publisher=[[Radio X (United Kingdom)\|Radio X]]\|date=November 13, 2024\|accessdate=March 20, 2025}}</ref> ==Chart history== [[File:BetteMidler90cropped.jpg\|thumb\|right\|upright\|[[Bette Midler]] had the year's longest-running number one with "[[From a Distance]]".\|alt=Singer Bette Midler]] [[File:Ron Isley.jpg\|thumb\|right\|upright\|[[Ronald Isley]] guested on [[Rod Stewart]]'s recording of "[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)\|This Old Heart of Mine]]", originally recorded by [[the Isley Brothers]].\|alt=Singer Ronald Isley]] [[File:Taylor Dayne Performing.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|"[[Love Will Lead You Back]]" was a chart-topper for [[Taylor Dayne]].\|alt=Singer Taylor Dayne]] {\| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" \|+{{sronly\|Chart history}} !scope=col\|Issue date !scope=col\|Title !scope=col\|Artist(s) !scope=col class=unsortable\|{{abbr\|Ref.\|Reference}} \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|January 6}} \| rowspan="2"\|"[[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]" \| rowspan="2"\|{{sortname\|Michael\|Bolton}} \|align=center\|<ref name=J7>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-06\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 6, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 13, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041942/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-06\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|January 13}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-13\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 13, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041942/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-13\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|January 20}} \| rowspan="1"\|"[[Downtown Train]]" \| rowspan="1"\|{{sortname\|Rod\|Stewart}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-20\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 20, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|January 27}} \| rowspan="5"\|"[[Here We Are (Gloria Estefan song)\|Here We Are]]" \| rowspan="5"\|{{sortname\|Gloria\|Estefan}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-27\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 27, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041909/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-27\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|February 3}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-03\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 3, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041902/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-03\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|February 10}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-10\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 10, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041856/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-10\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|February 17}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-17\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 17, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041855/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-17\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|February 24}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-24\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 24, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041842/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-24\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|March 3}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[All My Life (Linda Ronstadt song)\|All My Life]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Linda\|Ronstadt}} featuring [[Aaron Neville]] \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-03\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 3, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 27, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927021050/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-03\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|March 10}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-10\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 10, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|March 17}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-17\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 17, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041828/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-17\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|March 24}} \| rowspan="4"\|"[[Love Will Lead You Back]]" \| rowspan="4"\|{{sortname\|Taylor\|Dayne}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-24\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 24, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041817/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-24\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|March 31}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-31\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 31, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041812/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-31\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|April 7}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-07\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 7, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|April 14}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-14\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 14, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041758/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-14\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|April 21}} \| rowspan="5"\|"[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)\|This Old Heart of Mine]]" \| rowspan="5"\|{{sortname\|Rod\|Stewart}} featuring [[Ronald Isley]] \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-21\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 21, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041750/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-21\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|April 28}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-28\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 28, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|May 5}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-05\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 5, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|May 12}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-12\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 12, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041730/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-12\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|May 19}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-19\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 19, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041723/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-19\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|May 26}} \| rowspan="1"\|"[[Hold On (Wilson Phillips song)\|Hold On]]" \| rowspan="1"\|[[Wilson Phillips]] \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-26\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 26, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041715/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-26\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|June 2}} \| rowspan="5"\|"[[Do You Remember? (Phil Collins song)\|Do You Remember?]]" \| rowspan="5"\|{{sortname\|Phil\|Collins}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-02\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 2, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041707/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-02\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|June 9}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-09\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 9, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|June 16}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-16\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 16, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041715/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-16\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|June 23}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-23\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 23, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041650/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-23\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|June 30}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-30\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 30, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041651/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-30\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|July 7}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[When I'm Back on My Feet Again]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Michael\|Bolton}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-07\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 7, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|July 14}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-14\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 14, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041609/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-14\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|July 21}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-21\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 21, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041556/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-21\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|July 28}} \| rowspan="1"\|"[[Cuts Both Ways (song)\|Cuts Both Ways]]" \| rowspan="1"\|{{sortname\|Gloria\|Estefan}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-28\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 28, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041546/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-28\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|August 4}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[Vision of Love]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Mariah\|Carey}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-04\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 4, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041540/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-04\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|August 11}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-11\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 11, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041525/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-11\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|August 18}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-18\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 18, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041457/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-18\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|August 25}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[Come Back to Me (Janet Jackson song)\|Come Back to Me]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Janet\|Jackson}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-25\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 25, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041500/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-25\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|September 1}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-01\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 1, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041430/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-01\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|September 8}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-08\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 8, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041419/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-08\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|September 15}} \| rowspan="1"\|"[[Release Me (Wilson Phillips song)\|Release Me]]" \| rowspan="1"\|[[Wilson Phillips]] \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-15\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 15, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|September 22}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[Oh Girl#Paul Young cover\|Oh Girl]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Paul\|Young}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-22\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 22, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041404/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-22\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|September 29}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-29\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 29, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041358/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-29\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|October 6}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-06\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 6, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|October 13}} \| rowspan="2"\|"[[Unchained Melody#The Righteous Brothers versions\|Unchained Melody]]" \| rowspan="2"\|{{sort\|Righteous\|[[The Righteous Brothers]]}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-13\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 13, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041331/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-13\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|October 20}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-20\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 20, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041342/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-20\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|October 27}} \| rowspan="1"\|"[[Love Takes Time]]" \| rowspan="1"\|{{sortname\|Mariah\|Carey}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-27\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 27, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|November 3}} \| rowspan="6"\|"[[From a Distance]]" \| rowspan="6"\|{{sortname\|Bette\|Midler}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-03\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 3, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041312/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-03\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|November 10}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-10\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 10, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|November 17}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-17\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 17, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|November 24}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-24\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 24, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041250/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-24\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|December 1}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-01\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 1, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|December 8}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-08\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 8, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=November 21, 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121120803/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-08/\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|December 15}} \| rowspan="3"\|"[[You Gotta Love Someone]]" \| rowspan="3"\|{{sortname\|Elton\|John}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-15\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 15, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\|December 22}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-22\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 22, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 14, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041227/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-22\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- !scope=row\|{{dts\| December 29}} \|align=center\|<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-29\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 29, 1990\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 13, 2019\|archive-date=September 29, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041212/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-29\|url-status=live}}</ref> \|} ===Notes=== a. {{note\|Phil}} Due to the holiday period, ''Billboard'' did not publish an issue dated December 30, 1989. The issue dated January 6, 1990, showed the "last week" position of every song in the Hot Adult Contemporary chart as identical to the chart dated December 23, placing "[[Another Day in Paradise]]" by [[Phil Collins]] at number one for a further week.<ref>{{cite magazine\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|date=January 6, 1990\|page=22\|title=Adult Contemporary}}</ref> ''Billboard'' has since published a revised chart dated December 30 on their website showing "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" at number one.<ref name=D30>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1989-12-30\|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 30, 1989\|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)\|Billboard]]\|accessdate=November 11, 2019\|archive-date=September 27, 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927020854/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1989-12-30\|url-status=live}}</ref> ==See also== [[1990 in music]] [[List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Adult Contemporary chart]] ==References== {{reflist}} ===Works cited=== {{Cite book\|title=Joel Whitburn's Top Adult Contemporary, 1961–2001\|first=Joel\|last=Whitburn\|authorlink=Joel Whitburn\|publisher=Record Research Incorporated\|date=2002\|isbn=978-0-89820-149-9}} {{cite book\|title=Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles, 1955–2002\|first=Joel\|last=Whitburn\|authorlink=Joel Whitburn\|publisher=Record Research Incorporated\|year=2005\|isbn=978-0-89820-155-0}} *{{Cite book\|title=Joel Whitburn Presents Billboard Top Adult Songs, 1961-2006\|first=Joel\|last=Whitburn\|authorlink=Joel Whitburn\|publisher=Record Research Incorporated\|date=2007\|isbn=978-0-89820-169-7}} {{Adult Contemporary Chart}} [[Category:Lists of number-one adult contemporary songs in the United States\|1990]] [[Category:1990 record charts]] [[Category:1990 in American music]]	1,290,627,886	[]	false
# The Oxford Bar The Oxford Bar is a public house situated on Young Street, in the New Town of Edinburgh, Scotland. The pub is chiefly notable for having been featured in Sir Ian Rankin's Inspector Rebus series of novels. The Oxford Bar, or The Ox, is John Rebus's favourite pub in Edinburgh. ## History The Oxford Bar apparently became a public house in 1811, although it was a confectioner's shop in 1843. It was disponed on 30 October 1893 to Andrew Wilson, wines and spirits merchant, and thereafter remained a public bar. The Oxford Bar retains its original compartmentalised form, which many other local bars have lost. Originally consisting of a central corridor with rooms to right and left, the corridor has been opened up to the left with an archway into the small stand-up bar but the original form is still clear. It is a Category B listed building. ## Patrons Several Scottish writers and artists are also said to have been patrons of the Oxford Bar, including Sydney Goodsir Smith and Willie Ross. In fact, the pub was first immortalised in Smith's Carotid Cornucopius. Sir Ian Rankin is also a patron of The Oxford Bar, and chose it as Rebus's pub because a lot of police officers used to drink there. In Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book, Ray Dexter and Nadine Carr note that The Oxford Bar would be an improbable local for Rebus due to its geographical location. Other visitors to the bar have included actor Sir Sean Connery and author Colin Dexter. Sir Michael Palin visited in 1978 and mentions being impressed by it in his diary, The Python Years. Quintin Jardine's 2009 Bob Skinner novel, Fatal Last Words, also mentions The Oxford Bar considerably, again due to the connection with the local police force drinking there. There are a few other nods to Rankin too. In August 2024, television presenter Lorraine Kelly's visit made local headlines.	enwiki/16752999	enwiki	16,752,999	The Oxford Bar	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Oxford_Bar	2024-11-24T21:41:26Z	en	Q7755783	57,682	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}} {{Infobox building \| name = The Oxford Bar \| image = The Oxford Bar, Edinburgh.jpg \| caption = \| address = Edinburgh, Scotland \| coordinates = {{coord\|55\|57\|10.61\|N\|03\|12\|19.82\|W\|region:GB\|format=dms\|display=inline,title}} \| opened = 1811 \| website = [http://www.oxfordbar.co.uk/ oxfordbar.co.uk] {{Infobox designation list \| embed = yes \| designation1 = Category B \| designation1_offname = 8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South<ref name="HES">{{Historic Environment Scotland\|num=LB30005 \|desc=8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South \|cat=B \|access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref> \| designation1_date = {{Start date and age\|1966\|03\|03\|df=yes}}<ref name="HES"/> \| designation1_number = LB40820<ref name="HES"/> }} }} '''The Oxford Bar''' is a [[public house]] situated on Young Street, in the [[New Town, Edinburgh\|New Town]] of [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]. The pub is chiefly notable for having been featured in [[Ian Rankin\|Sir Ian Rankin]]'s [[Inspector Rebus]] series of novels. The Oxford Bar, or '''The Ox''', is John Rebus's favourite pub in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite news\|url= http://news.scotsman.com/ViewArticle.aspx?articleid=2739067\|title= Locating the city's Rebus role\|publisher= The Scotsman\|first= Judy\|last= Vickers\|date= 3 January 2005\|accessdate= 16 June 2009}}</ref> ==History== The Oxford Bar apparently became a public house in 1811, although it was a confectioner's shop in 1843.<ref name="HES"/> It was [[disposition (Scots law)\|disponed]] on 30 October 1893 to Andrew Wilson, wines and spirits merchant, and thereafter remained a public bar. The Oxford Bar retains its original compartmentalised form, which many other local bars have lost. Originally consisting of a central corridor with rooms to right and left, the corridor has been opened up to the left with an archway into the small stand-up bar but the original form is still clear.<ref name=HES/> It is a Category B listed building.<ref name="HES"/><ref name="Slaughter">{{cite book\|last1=Slaughter\|first1=Michael\|title=Scotland's true heritage pubs\|date=2007\|publisher=CAMRA\|location=St. Albans\|isbn=9781852492427\|page=49}}</ref> ==Patrons== Several Scottish writers and artists are also said to have been patrons of the Oxford Bar, including [[Sydney Goodsir Smith]] and Willie Ross. In fact, the pub was first immortalised in Smith's ''Carotid Cornucopius''. [[Ian Rankin\|Sir Ian Rankin]] is also a patron of The Oxford Bar, and chose it as Rebus's pub because a lot of police officers used to drink there.<ref>{{cite news\|url= https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2004/jun/13/foodanddrink.features2\|title= My favourite pub\|publisher= The Observer\|date= 13 June 2004\|accessdate= 16 June 2009 \| location=London \| first=Chloe \| last=Diski}}</ref> In ''Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book'', Ray Dexter and Nadine Carr note that The Oxford Bar would be an improbable local for Rebus due to its geographical location.<ref name="DexterCarr2015">{{cite book\|author1=Ray Dexter\|author2=Nadine Carr\|title=Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t4euCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA144\|date=18 September 2015\|publisher=Lulu.com\|isbn=978-1-326-41521-1\|page=144}}</ref>{{Self-published inline\|certain=yes\|date=December 2017}} Other visitors to the bar have included actor [[Sean Connery\|Sir Sean Connery]] and author [[Colin Dexter]].<ref>{{cite news\|url= http://www.scotsman.com/obituaries/John-Gates.4503021.jp\|title= John Gates: Former landlord of the Oxford Bar, Edinburgh\|publisher= The Scotsman\|date= 18 September 2008\|accessdate= 16 June 2009}}</ref> [[Michael Palin\|Sir Michael Palin]] visited in 1978 and mentions being impressed by it in his diary, ''The Python Years''. [[Quintin Jardine]]'s 2009 Bob Skinner novel, ''Fatal Last Words'', also mentions The Oxford Bar considerably, again due to the connection with the local police force drinking there. There are a few other nods to Rankin too. In August 2024, television presenter [[Lorraine Kelly]]'s visit made local headlines.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Borland \|first=Ben \|date=2024-08-22 \|title=Oxford Bar: From Rebus to Lorraine Kelly, the story of Edinburgh's 'proper pub' \|url=https://www.scottishdailyexpress.co.uk/celebrity-news/oxford-bar-inspector-rebus-lorraine-33516374 \|access-date=2024-11-24 \|website=Scottish Daily Express \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-10-30 \|title=The Oxford Bar – What's happened? \|url=https://edinburghpubreviews.substack.com/p/oxford-bar-repost \|access-date=2024-11-24 \|website=Edinburgh Pub Reviews}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.edinburghpubguide.co.uk/PubDetails/Oxford_Bar_118.html The Oxford Bar at Edinburgh Pub Guide] {{Commercial buildings in Edinburgh}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oxford Bar, The}} [[Category:Tourist attractions in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Pubs in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Edinburgh in fiction]] [[Category:Category B listed buildings in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Listed pubs in Scotland]]	1,259,384,609	[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Address": "Edinburgh, Scotland", "Coordinates": "55\u00b057\u203210.61\u2033N 03\u00b012\u203219.82\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff55.9529472\u00b0N 3.2055056\u00b0W", "Opened": "1811"}}, {"title": "Website", "data": {"Website": "oxfordbar.co.uk"}}, {"title": "Listed Building \u2013 Category B", "data": {"Official name": "8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South", "Designated": "3 March 1966", "Reference no.": "LB40820"}}]	false
# Alfred Julien Alfred S. Julien (died 1989) was an American trial lawyer. ## Biography Julien attended Brooklyn Law School and graduated with honors. In 1931, he co-founded Julien & Schlesinger along with Stuart Schlesinger. In 1972, he represented Ron Galella in a lawsuit against Jacqueline Kennedy. He also represented Galella in another lawsuit against Marlon Brando which was settled out of the court. Julien also served as a president New York State and Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Associations. He participated in seminars on advocacy sponsored by the Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association. Julien was profiled in the book On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom by Norman Sheresky He was often mentioned by the press in stories written about his case. After Sybil Hart Kooper, a lawyer and member of the board of directors of the American Academy of Trial Lawyers and co-chairman of the women's rights committee of the Brooklyn Women's Bar Association, was denied membership to the Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Association, of which Alfred S. Julien was president and to which he had proposed her for membership, Julien wrote to Kooper saying he was "not at all proud" and "I mean to break the barrier if I can. It deserves to be broken. I suggest you bear with me". ## Awards - 1992: Hall of Fame Inductee, American Association for Justice.[12] ## Death In 1989, he died due to a heart attack in Scarsdale, New York. ## Books - Julien on Summation - Opening Statements	enwiki/71671988	enwiki	71,671,988	Alfred Julien	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Julien	2025-05-27T23:44:33Z	en	Q113950642	39,381	{{Short description\|American trial lawyer}} '''Alfred S. Julien''' (died 1989) was an American trial lawyer.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/02/11/archives/galiber-acquitted-with-two-others-of-fraud-charges-galiber.html\|title=Galiber Acquitted With Two Others Of Fraud Charges\|first=Arnold H.\|last=Lubasch\|date=February 11, 1978\|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Fasano \|first=Leonard \|title=Al Julien: On Trial \|url=https://issuu.com/nylslibrary/docs/0001_26f5c8f1ae5694/1 \|journal=Equitas New York Law School}}</ref> ==Biography== Julien attended [[Brooklyn Law School]] and graduated with honors.<ref name="obit">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/07/obituaries/alfred-julien-lawyer-dies-at-78.html\|title=Alfred Julien, Lawyer, Dies at 78\|first=Joan\|last=Cook\|date=January 7, 1989\|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> In 1931, he co-founded Julien & Schlesinger along with Stuart Schlesinger.<ref name="obit" /> In 1972, he represented [[Ron Galella]] in a lawsuit against [[Jacqueline Kennedy]].<ref name="obit" /><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/03/14/archives/testimony-by-mrs-onassis-contradicts-pretrial-deposition-given-by.html\|title=Testimony by Mrs. Onassis Contradicts Pretrial Deposition Given by Secret Service Agent\|first=Max H.\|last=Seigel\|date=March 14, 1972\|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> He also represented Galella in another lawsuit against [[Marlon Brando]] which was settled out of the court.<ref name="obit" /><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Seigel \|first=Max H. \|date=1972-02-29 \|title=Verbal Clash Stirs the Onassis Trial \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/29/archives/verbal-clash-stirs-the-onassis-trial.html \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Boone \|first=Steven \|title=Smash His Camera: The sweetest New York stalker story ever told \|url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2010/07/smash-his-camera-the-sweetest-new-york-stalker-story-ever-told-070194 \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|website=Politico \|language=en}}</ref> Julien also served as a president New York State and Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Associations.<ref name="obit" /> He participated in seminars on advocacy sponsored by the Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2014-09-26 \|title=History of the MCTLA \|url=https://www.mctla.org/history \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|website=Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association \|language=en-US}}</ref> Julien was profiled in the book ''On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom'' by Norman Sheresky<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Sheresky \|first=Norman \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNo8AQAAIAAJ&q=alfred+julien \|title=On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom \|date=1977 \|publisher=Viking Press \|isbn=978-0-670-52523-2 \|language=en}}</ref> He was often mentioned by the press in stories written about his case.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Scott \|first=Lael \|date=1977-06-26 \|title=LAWYERS WHO SUE LAWYERS \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/26/archives/lawyers-who-sue-lawyers-malpractice-suits-against-lawyers-have.html \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|agency=Associated Press \|date=1983-03-18 \|title=FAMILY IN L.I. FIRE TO GET $20 MILLION \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/18/nyregion/family-in-li-fire-to-get-20-million.html \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> After Sybil Hart Kooper, a lawyer and member of the board of directors of the American Academy of Trial Lawyers and co-chairman of the women's rights committee of the Brooklyn Women's Bar Association, was denied membership to the Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Association, of which Alfred S. Julien was president and to which he had proposed her for membership, Julien wrote to Kooper saying he was "not at all proud" and "I mean to break the barrier if I can. It deserves to be broken. I suggest you bear with me".<ref>{{Cite news \|date=1971-02-27 \|title=A Woman Lawyer Alleging Sex Bias, Sues City Bar Unit \|language=en-US \|work=The New York Times \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/27/archives/a-woman-lawyer-alleging-sex-bias-sues-city-bar-unit.html \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Awards == * 1992: Hall of Fame Inductee, [[American Association for Justice]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Hall of Fame \|url=https://www.justice.org/membership/awards/hall-of-fame \|access-date=2022-09-08 \|website=www.justice.org \|language=en}}</ref> == Death == In 1989, he died due to a [[heart attack]] in [[Scarsdale, New York]].<ref name="obit" /> ==Books== * ''Julien on Summation'' * ''Opening Statements'' ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:1989 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American lawyers]] [[Category:Brooklyn Law School alumni]]	1,292,621,686	[]	false
# Granace Granace is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica. ## Population \| Year \| Pop. \| ±% p.a. \| \| ------------- \| ---- \| ------- \| \| 1968 \| 93 \| — \| \| 1975 \| 72 \| −3.59% \| \| 1982 \| 107 \| +5.82% \| \| 1990 \| 82 \| −3.27% \| \| 1999 \| 61 \| −3.23% \| \| 2009 \| 57 \| −0.68% \| \| 2014 \| 72 \| +4.78% \| \| 2020 \| 93 \| +4.36% \| \| Source: INSEE \| \| \|	enwiki/15568068	enwiki	15,568,068	Granace	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granace	2024-01-30T11:45:21Z	en	Q273682	75,391	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2023}} {{short description\|Commune in Corsica, France}} {{Expand French\|topic=geo\|date=January 2009\|Granace}} {{Infobox French commune \|name = Granace \|commune status = [[Communes of France\|Commune]] \|arrondissement = Sartène \|canton = Sartenais-Valinco \|INSEE = 2A128 \|postal code = 20100 \|mayor = Jean-Yves Leandri<ref>{{cite web\|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires\|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503\|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises\|date=2 December 2020\|language=fr}}</ref> \|term = 2020–2026 \|intercommunality = \|coordinates = {{coord\|41.6478\|9.0078\|format=dms\|display=inline,title}} \|elevation m = 300 \|elevation min m = 100 \|elevation max m = 601 \|area km2 = 4.08 \|population = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_total}} \|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_as_of}} \|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_footnotes}} }} '''Granace''' is a [[Communes of France\|commune]] in the [[Corse-du-Sud]] [[Departments of France\|department]] of [[France]] on the island of [[Corsica]]. ==Population== {{Historical populations \|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7633058?geo=COM-2A128#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref> \|percentages = pagr \|align = none \|1968 \|93 \|1975 \|72 \|1982 \|107 \|1990 \|82 \|1999 \|61 \|2009 \|57 \|2014 \|72 \|2020 \|93 }} ==See also== *[[Communes of the Corse-du-Sud department]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{commons category}} {{Corse-du-Sud communes}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Communes of Corse-du-Sud]] [[Category:Corse-du-Sud communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia]] {{CorseSud-geo-stub}}	1,200,865,628	[{"title": "Granace", "data": {"Country": "France", "Region": "Corsica", "Department": "Corse-du-Sud", "Arrondissement": "Sart\u00e8ne", "Canton": "Sartenais-Valinco"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor (2020\u20132026)": "Jean-Yves Leandri", "Area1": "4.08 km2 (1.58 sq mi)", "Population (2022)": "92", "\u2022 Density": "23/km2 (58/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC+01:00 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+02:00 (CEST)", "INSEE/Postal code": "2A128 /20100", "Elevation": "100\u2013601 m (328\u20131,972 ft) \u00b7 (avg. 300 m or 980 ft)"}}]	false
# Rob Gier Robert James Dazo Gier (born 6 January 1981) is a football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Philippines U22 team. As a player, he was mainly a centre-back. Born in England, he progressed through the youth system of Wimbledon, making his debut in the Football League First Division in October 2000 and played until their final season. He then played for League Two club Rushden & Diamonds until their relegation in 2006. He then played in the Conference National for Cambridge United, Woking, and Aldershot Town with whom he won the 2007–08 Conference Premier title and Conference League Cup. After a brief spell with Grays Athletic, he spent the remainder of his career with his hometown club Ascot United in the Hellenic Football League. Eligible to represent the Philippines national team through his mother, Gier made his international debut in 2009. He captained the Philippines in the 2012 and 2014 AFF Championships. ## Early life Rob Gier was born to Robert Gier and Rosario and grew up in Ascot, England. Upon coming from work, Rob's father would often bring him to football training. His mother, Rosario is a Waray from Tacloban, Leyte. ## Club career Gier began his career at Wimbledon, who had been relegated from the Premiership in 1999–00 season. He made his debut the following season, starting a 0–0 home draw with Sheffield United on 28 October 2000. In 2004, he joined Rushden & Diamonds, and was part of the side that was relegated from the Football League in 2005–06. He left the club following their relegation, and had spells in the Conference with Cambridge United, and Woking during the 2006–07 season. He joined Aldershot Town at the start of the 2007–08 season, and was part of the side that won the Conference with a record points total. He made 38 league appearances for the club, all starts, but despite this was released at the end of the campaign. On 22 May 2008, Grays Athletic announced they had signed Gier on a one-year contract, however, he was transfer listed by the club in January 2009, with financial pressures and manager Wayne Burnett's plans being cited as the reason. Gier joined Hellenic League Premier Division club Ascot United in November 2009, after being released at the end of the previous season by Grays Athletic. He announced his retirement in February 2016. ## International career Gier was called up to the Philippines national team in March 2009, for the 2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualifiers in April, where they were due to face, Turkmenistan, Bhutan and the Maldives. He made his international debut in 2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification match against Bhutan on 14 April 2009 and also played against Maldives and Turkmenistan. On 10 September 2012 Gier scored his first international goal for the Philippines in a 2–1 loss to Laos, however it was not a FIFA-sanctioned match. FIFA did not recognize the match's results after it was found out that the referees who officiated the match were not recognized by the world sporting body. He scored his first official international goal for the Philippines in the 2014 Philippine Peace Cup against Chinese Taipei. ### International goals Scores and results list the Philippines' goal tally first. \| # \| Date \| Venue \| Opponent \| Score \| Result \| Competition \| \| -- \| ---------------- \| ------------------------------- \| -------------- \| ----- \| ------ \| ------------------------- \| \| 1. \| 3 September 2014 \| Rizal Memorial Stadium, Manila \| Chinese Taipei \| 1–0 \| 5–1 \| 2014 Philippine Peace Cup \| \| 2. \| 25 November 2014 \| Mỹ Đình National Stadium, Hanoi \| Indonesia \| 4–0 \| 4–0 \| 2014 AFF Suzuki Cup \| ### Retirement On 17 February 2016 Gier announced his retirement from playing competitive football at the age of 35. Gier is set to focus on operating Zenith Soccer Tours and spending more time with his family. Earlier in 2014, Gier established Zenith Soccer Tours, a youth football program in the United Kingdom. The idea was concepted by Gier, after he met with the Philippine national youth team who had a three-week training camp in the UK in 2013. ## Coaching career ### Oxford University (Women's) In November 2016, Gier was appointed as head coach of the women's football team of the University of Oxford. He served in this role until May 2018. Gier obtained a UEFA A coaching licence by September 2017. While still playing for the national team and Ascot United, he began finishing a two-year course to obtain the UEFA A coaching licence. He plans to coach in the United Kingdom while working for a UEFA Pro Licence that would make him eligible to coach in the FA Premier League and UEFA competitions. He has expressed his openness to coach for the Philippine national team. ### Reading (Women's) In 2017, Gier began working with Reading F.C. Women as its women's development coach. He was eventually promoted as the Reading F.C. Women academy manager in July 2018. ### Philippines U22 In March 2023, the Philippine Football Federation announced that Rob Gier was appointed as the new head coach of Philippines U22. ## Honours ### Club Aldershot Town - Conference National: 2007–08 - Conference League Cup: 2007–08 ### International Philippines - AFC Challenge Cup: Third 2012 - Philippine Peace Cup: 2013 ## Personal life Gier is married and has two children. His family resides in England.	enwiki/10771481	enwiki	10,771,481	Rob Gier	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Gier	2025-06-27T11:51:34Z	en	Q2253292	101,786	{{Short description\|Association football coach and former player (born 1981)}} {{use British English\|date=July 2013}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}} {{Filipino name\|Dazo\|Gier}} {{Infobox football biography \| name = Rob Gier \| image = \| fullname = Robert James Dazo Gier \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|df=y\|1981\|01\|06}} \| birth_place = [[Ascot, Berkshire\|Ascot]], England \| height = \| position = [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back\|Centre back]] \| currentclub = [[Philippines national under-23 football team\|Philippines U22]] (head coach) \| clubnumber = \| youthyears1 = \| youthclubs1 = [[Ascot United F.C.\|Ascot United]] \| youthyears2 = \| youthclubs2 = [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]] \| years1 = 2000–2004 \| clubs1 = [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]] \| caps1 = 71 \| goals1 = 0 \| years2 = 2004–2006 \| clubs2 = [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.\|Rushden & Diamonds]] \| caps2 = 67 \| goals2 = 2 \| years3 = 2006–2007 \| clubs3 = [[Cambridge United F.C.\|Cambridge United]] \| caps3 = 17 \| goals3 = 0 \| years4 = 2007 \| clubs4 = [[Woking F.C.\|Woking]] \| caps4 = 7 \| goals4 = 0 \| years5 = 2007–2008 \| clubs5 = [[Aldershot Town F.C.\|Aldershot Town]] \| caps5 = 38 \| goals5 = 0 \| years6 = 2008–2009 \| clubs6 = [[Grays Athletic F.C.\|Grays Athletic]] \| caps6 = 18 \| goals6 = 0 \| years7 = 2009–2016 \| clubs7 = [[Ascot United F.C.\|Ascot United]] \| caps7 = \| goals7 = \| nationalyears1 = 2009–2015 \| nationalteam1 = [[Philippines national football team\|Philippines]] <!-- When you update these parameters, please update the ntupdate parameter! --> \| nationalcaps1 = 66 \| nationalgoals1 = 2 \|manageryears1 = 2016–2018 \|managerclubs1 = [[Oxford University Women's Association Football Club\|Oxford University Women's]] \|manageryears2 = 2018–2023 \|managerclubs2 = [[Reading F.C. Women]] (academy manager) \|manageryears3 = 2023– \|managerclubs3 = [[Philippines national under-23 football team\|Philippines U22]] }} '''Robert James Dazo Gier''' (born 6 January 1981) is a [[Association football\|football]] [[Manager (association football)\|coach]] and former player who is the head coach of the [[Philippines national under-23 football team\|Philippines U22 team]]. As a player, he was mainly a [[Defender (association football)#Centre back\|centre-back]]. Born in England, he progressed through the youth system of [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]], making his debut in the [[Football League First Division]] in October 2000 and played until [[2003–04 Wimbledon F.C. season\|their final season]]. He then played for [[EFL League Two\|League Two]] club [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.\|Rushden & Diamonds]] until their relegation in 2006. He then played in the [[Conference National]] for [[Cambridge United F.C.\|Cambridge United]], [[Woking F.C.\|Woking]], and [[Aldershot Town F.C.\|Aldershot Town]] with whom he won the [[2007–08 Football Conference\|2007–08 Conference Premier]] title and [[2007–08 Conference League Cup\|Conference League Cup]]. After a brief spell with [[Grays Athletic F.C.\|Grays Athletic]], he spent the remainder of his career with his hometown club [[Ascot United F.C.\|Ascot United]] in the [[Hellenic Football League]]. Eligible to represent the [[Philippines national football team\|Philippines national team]] through his mother, Gier made his international debut in 2009. He [[captain (association football)\|captained]] the Philippines in the [[2012 AFF Championship\|2012]] and [[2014 AFF Championship]]s. ==Early life== Rob Gier was born to Robert Gier and Rosario and grew up in [[Ascot, Berkshire\|Ascot]], England. Upon coming from work, Rob's father would often bring him to football training. His mother, Rosario is a [[Waray people\|Waray]] from [[Tacloban]], [[Leyte]].<ref name=angers>{{cite news\|last1=Biantan\|first1=Jack\|title=What really angers the Azkals captain?\|url=http://pinoyfootball.com/articles/11101676/What-really-angers-the-Azkals-captain\|accessdate=16 March 2015\|publisher=Pinoy Football\|date=15 March 2015\|location=London\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154753/http://pinoyfootball.com/articles/11101676/What-really-angers-the-Azkals-captain\|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> ==Club career== Gier began his career at [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]], who had been relegated from the [[Premier League\|Premiership]] in [[1999–2000 in English football\|1999–00]] season. He made his debut the following season, starting a 0–0 home draw with [[Sheffield United F.C.\|Sheffield United]] on 28 October 2000.{{citation needed\|date=June 2022}} In 2004, he joined [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.\|Rushden & Diamonds]],<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/r/rushden_and_diamonds/3745683.stm \|title=Rushden snap up trio \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=24 May 2004 \|accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and was part of the side that was relegated from the [[Football League]] in [[2005–06 in English football\|2005–06]]. He left the club following their relegation, and had spells in the Conference with [[Cambridge United F.C.\|Cambridge United]],<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cambridge_utd/6274549.stm \|title=Cambridge to sign defender Hooper \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=18 January 2007 \|accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and [[Woking F.C.\|Woking]] during the [[2006–07 in English football\|2006–07]] season.{{citation needed\|date=June 2022}} He joined [[Aldershot Town F.C.\|Aldershot Town]] at the start of the [[2007–08 in English football\|2007–08]] season,<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/aldershot/6934485.stm \|title=Aldershot boss recruits quartet \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=7 August 2007 \|accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and was part of the side that won the Conference with a record points total. He made 38 league appearances for the club, all starts, but despite this was released at the end of the campaign.<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/aldershot/7375695.stm \|title=Aldershot bid farewell to quartet \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=30 April 2008 \|accessdate=22 May 2008 }}</ref> On 22 May 2008, [[Grays Athletic F.C.\|Grays Athletic]] announced they had signed Gier on a one-year contract,<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/g/grays_athletic/7415127.stm \|title=Grays Athletic add three to squad \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=22 May 2008 \|accessdate=1 June 2008 }}</ref> however, he was [[transfer market#Transfer list\|transfer listed]] by the club in January 2009, with financial pressures and manager [[Wayne Burnett]]'s plans being cited as the reason.<ref name="Grays place four on transfer list">{{cite news \| title = Grays place four on transfer list \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/g/grays_athletic/7823934.stm \|publisher=BBC Sport \|date=12 January 2009 \|accessdate=12 January 2009 }}</ref> Gier joined [[Hellenic Football League\|Hellenic League Premier Division]] club [[Ascot United F.C.\|Ascot United]] in November 2009, after being released at the end of the previous season by Grays Athletic.<ref name="Gier coup for Ascot">{{cite news \| title = Gier coup for Ascot \| url = http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=62458 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120926060544/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=62458 \| url-status = usurped \| archive-date = 26 September 2012 \| publisher = Non-League Daily \| date = 20 November 2009 \| accessdate = 20 November 2009}}</ref> He announced his retirement in February 2016.<ref>[http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html Former Azkals captain Rob Gier retires] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224123220/http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html \|date=24 February 2016 }} CNN Philippines, 17 February 2016</ref> ==International career== Gier was called up to the [[Philippines national football team\|Philippines national team]] in March 2009, for the [[2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification\|2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualifiers]] in April, where they were due to face, [[Turkmenistan national football team\|Turkmenistan]], [[Bhutan national football team\|Bhutan]] and the [[Maldives national football team\|Maldives]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.azkalsfootballteam.com/team.php?id=135 \|title=Robert James Gier Player Profile \|publisher=azkalsfootballteam.com \|accessdate=12 September 2012 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130117110336/http://www.azkalsfootballteam.com/team.php?id=135 \|archivedate=17 January 2013 }}</ref> He made his international debut in [[2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification]] match against Bhutan on 14 April 2009 and also played against Maldives and Turkmenistan.<ref name=angers/> On 10 September 2012 Gier scored his first international goal for the Philippines in a 2–1 loss to Laos,<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://sports.inquirer.net/61744/azkals-yield-to-laotians-in-ill-tempered-friendly \|title=Azkals yield to Laotians in ill-tempered 'friendly' \|author=Tupas, Cedelf P. \|publisher=inquirer.net \|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer \|date=12 September 2012 \|accessdate=12 September 2012 }}</ref> however it was not a [[FIFA]]-sanctioned match. FIFA did not recognize the match's results after it was found out that the referees who officiated the match were not recognized by the world sporting body.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/fifa-azkals-loss-to-laos-invalid \|title=FIFA: Azkals loss to Laos invalid \|author=Decena, Karl \|publisher=interaksyon.com \|date=12 September 2012 \|accessdate=12 September 2012 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913233140/http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/fifa-azkals-loss-to-laos-invalid \|archivedate=13 September 2012 }}</ref> He scored his first official international goal for the Philippines in the [[2014 Philippine Peace Cup]] against [[Chinese Taipei national football team\|Chinese Taipei]].<ref name="Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei">{{cite web\|title=Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei in rain-delayed match to open Peace Cup \|url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/377658/sports/football/azkals-dominate-chinese-taipei-in-rain-delayed-match-to-open-peace-cup \|author=Roy Moore \|work=GMA Network \|date=3 September 2014 \|accessdate=12 November 2014}}</ref> ===International goals=== :''Scores and results list the Philippines' goal tally first.'' {\| class="wikitable" ! # !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition \|- \| 1. \|\| 3 September 2014 \|\| [[Rizal Memorial Stadium]], [[Manila]] \|\| {{fb\|TPE}} \|\| {{center\|1–0}} \|\| {{center\|5–1}} \|\| [[2014 Philippine Peace Cup]]<ref name="Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei"/> \|- \| 2. \|\| 25 November 2014 \|\| [[Mỹ Đình National Stadium]], [[Hanoi]] \|\| {{fb\|IDN}} \|\| {{center\|4–0}} \|\| {{center\|4–0}} \|\| [[2014 AFF Championship\|2014 AFF Suzuki Cup]] \|} ===Retirement=== On 17 February 2016 Gier announced his retirement from playing competitive football at the age of 35.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Del Rosario\|first1=Paolo\|title=Former Azkals captain Rob Gier retires\|url=http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html\|accessdate=17 February 2016\|publisher=CNN Philippines\|date=17 February 2016\|archive-date=24 February 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224123220/http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gier is set to focus on operating Zenith Soccer Tours and spending more time with his family.<ref name=quits>{{cite news\|last1=Terrado\|first1=Jonas\|title=Ex-Azkals skipper quits\|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/ex-azkals-skipper-quits/\|accessdate=17 February 2016\|publisher=Manila Bulletin\|date=17 February 2016}}</ref> Earlier in 2014,<ref>{{cite news\|last1=De Guzman\|first1=Icko\|title=Rob Gier: Zenith Soccer Tours and What's Next for the Azkals\|url=http://football.com.ph/rob-gier-zenith-soccer-tours-and-whats-next-for-the-azkals/\|accessdate=17 February 2016\|publisher=Football.com.ph\|date=23 March 2015}}</ref> Gier established Zenith Soccer Tours, a youth football program in the [[United Kingdom]]. The idea was concepted by Gier, after he met with the Philippine national youth team who had a three-week training camp in the UK in 2013.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Reyes\|first1=Jaelle Nevin\|title=Azkals' Gier launches football program in UK\|url=http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/football/83193-rob-gier-zenith-soccer-tours\|accessdate=17 February 2016\|publisher=Rappler\|date=7 February 2016}}</ref> ==Coaching career== ===Oxford University (Women's)=== In November 2016, Gier was appointed as head coach of the [[Oxford University Women's Association Football Club\|women's football team]] of the [[University of Oxford]].<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Tupas\|first1=Cedelf\|title=Gier urges Azkals: Give your all\|url=http://sports.inquirer.net/229515/gier-urges-azkals-give-your-all\|accessdate=15 November 2016\|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer\|date=15 November 2016}}</ref> He served in this role until May 2018. Gier obtained a UEFA A coaching licence by September 2017. While still playing for the national team and Ascot United, he began finishing a two-year course to obtain the UEFA A coaching licence. He plans to coach in the United Kingdom while working for a [[UEFA Pro Licence]] that would make him eligible to coach in the [[FA Premier League]] and UEFA competitions. He has expressed his openness to coach for the Philippine national team.<ref name=ukcoach>{{cite news\|last1=Go\|first1=Beatrice\|title=Rob Gier to focus on UK coaching career after getting UEFA A license\|url=https://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/football/181834-rob-gier-coaching-career-uefa-license\|accessdate=12 September 2017\|work=Rappler\|date=11 September 2017}}</ref> ===Reading (Women's)=== In 2017, Gier began working with [[Reading F.C. Women]] as its women's development coach.<ref name=ukcoach/> He was eventually promoted as the Reading F.C. Women academy manager in July 2018.<ref name="LinkedIn Profile of Rob Gier">{{cite news \| title = LinkedIn Profile of Rob Gier \|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/rob-gier-68682774/?originalSubdomain=uk \|publisher=LinkedIn \|date=12 July 2018 \|accessdate=14 December 2021 }}</ref> ===Philippines U22=== In March 2023, the [[Philippine Football Federation]] announced that Rob Gier was appointed as the new head coach of [[Philippines national under-23 football team\|Philippines U22]].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Former Philippines captain Rob Gier named Philippine Men's Under-22 head coach\|url=https://pff.org.ph/2023/03/23/former-philippines-captain-rob-gier-named-philippine-mens-under-22-head-coach/\|access-date=23 March 2023\|website=Philippine Football Federation\|date=23 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/sports/03/23/23/rob-gier-to-coach-azkals-u22-squad-for-sea-games\|title=Football: Rob Gier to coach Azkals U22 squad for SEA Games\|publisher=ABS-CBN News\|date=23 March 2023\|accessdate=23 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=del Carmen\|first1=Lorenzo\|url=https://tiebreakertimes.com.ph/tbt/rob-gier-to-lead-azkals-u22-in-32nd-sea-games/267090\|title=Rob Gier to lead Azkals U22 in 32nd SEA Games\|publisher=Tiebreaker Times\|date=23 March 2023\|accessdate=23 March 2023}}</ref> ==Honours== ===Club=== ;Aldershot Town [[Conference National]]: [[Football Conference 2007-08\|2007–08]] [[Conference League Cup]]: [[2007–08 Conference League Cup\|2007–08]] ===International=== ;Philippines [[AFC Challenge Cup]]: Third [[2012 AFC Challenge Cup\|2012]] [[Philippine Peace Cup]]: [[2013 Philippine Peace Cup\|2013]] ==Personal life== Gier is married and has two children. His family resides in England.<ref name=quits/> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Soccerbase\|name=Robert Gier}}<!--Soccerbase's listed debut for Gier, away at Crewe, doesn't actually have in the 16. Games should be aligned with figures--> {{NFT player\|pid=30957}} *{{FIFA player\|345355}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gier, Robert}} [[Category:1981 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:English people of Filipino descent]] [[Category:Filipino people of English descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Ascot, Berkshire]] [[Category:British people of Filipino descent]] [[Category:British Asian footballers]] [[Category:English men's footballers]] [[Category:Filipino men's footballers]] [[Category:Filipino expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Philippines men's international footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:National League (English football) players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:Aldershot Town F.C. players]] [[Category:Cambridge United F.C. players]] [[Category:Grays Athletic F.C. players]] [[Category:Rushden & Diamonds F.C. players]] [[Category:Wimbledon F.C. players]] [[Category:Woking F.C. players]] [[Category:Ascot United F.C. players]] [[Category:Filipino football managers]] [[Category:21st-century English sportsmen]] [[Category:21st-century Filipino sportsmen]]	1,297,624,746	[{"title": "Rob Gier", "data": {"Full name": "Robert James Dazo Gier", "Date of birth": "6 January 1981", "Place of birth": "Ascot, England", "Position(s)": "Centre back"}}, {"title": "Team information", "data": {"Current team": "Philippines U22 (head coach)"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2000\u20132004": "Wimbledon \u00b7 71 \u00b7 (0)", "2004\u20132006": "Rushden & Diamonds \u00b7 67 \u00b7 (2)", "2006\u20132007": "Cambridge United \u00b7 17 \u00b7 (0)", "2007": "Woking \u00b7 7 \u00b7 (0)", "2007\u20132008": "Aldershot Town \u00b7 38 \u00b7 (0)", "2008\u20132009": "Grays Athletic \u00b7 18 \u00b7 (0)", "2009\u20132016": "Ascot United"}}, {"title": "International career", "data": {"2009\u20132015": "Philippines \u00b7 66 \u00b7 (2)"}}, {"title": "Managerial career", "data": {"2016\u20132018": "Oxford University Women's", "2018\u20132023": "Reading F.C. Women (academy manager)", "2023\u2013": "Philippines U22"}}]	false
# Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook is a 2017 book written by historian Mark Bray and published by Melville House Publishing, which explores the history of anti-fascist movements since the 1920s and 1930s and their contemporary resurgence. ## Content Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook details the emergence of anti-fascism in the 1920s and 1930s, and offers an analysis of contemporary anti-fascist movements, particularly antifa in the United States and Europe. Bray argues in his book that militant anti-fascism is a reasonable and legitimate political tradition, and describes his book as "an unabashedly partisan call to arms that aims to equip a new generation of anti-fascists with the history and theory necessary to defeat the resurgent far-right". Historical examples referred to in the book include the 43 Group, Rock Against Racism, the Red Warriors, and the Autonomen who popularized black bloc tactics. It also details key events in the history of anti-fascist movements, such as the Battle of Cable Street. In addition to describing the history of anti-fascist movements, the book dedicates a chapter to "Five Historical Lessons for Anti-Fascists". It discusses the subject of antifa as it relates to deplatforming and freedom of speech. Interviews that Bray conducted with antifa activists are included in the book. Bray conducted 61 such interviews across 17 different countries. Bray uses the definition of fascism provided by Robert Paxton. He defines antifa as "illiberal politics of social revolutionism applied to fighting the Far Right, not only literal fascists" and as a "pan-left radical politics uniting communists, socialists, anarchists and various different radical leftists together for the shared purpose of combating the far right." ## Reception The San Francisco Chronicle praised the book's writing, calling Bray's analysis "methodical and informative" and his arguments "incisive and cohesive". Carlos Lozada of The Washington Post commented that "the book's most enlightening contribution is on the history of anti-fascist efforts over the past century, but its most relevant for today is its justification for stifling speech and clobbering white supremacists". In the Los Angeles Review of Books, Luca Provenzano said that the book was "written from a commendable place of engagement and provides a serviceable genealogy for militant anti-fascism in the present", but was also critical of the book, saying that a "closer, more critical look at modern antifa's inception in the 1960s and '70s reveals some of the pitfalls of militant organizing, and a truly credible analysis of anti-fascist protest tactics would need to pay much closer attention to this period." Fred Shaw, writing in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, called the book "pointed with concise analysis provided by an insider’s perspective", but also said it was "not a page-turner". In Brazil, Bray's book featured in what Bray described as "a little bit of a controversy" on Twitter in 2021, when a member of the self-described "Anti-Fascism Police Movement" tweeted a photo of himself holding the book, to which the author replied that if he was really anti-fascist he should quit his job.	enwiki/55155440	enwiki	55,155,440	Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifa:_The_Anti-Fascist_Handbook	2025-06-17T04:49:48Z	en	Q38762411	74,253	{{Short description\|2017 book by Mark Bray}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=January 2019}} {{Use American English\|date=September 2017}} {{Infobox book \| name = Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook \| image = Antifa, The Anti-Fascist Handbook.png{{!}}border \| image_size = \| border = \| alt = \| caption = \| author = Mark Bray \| audio_read_by = Keith Szarabajka \| title_orig = \| orig_lang_code = \| title_working = \| translator = \| illustrator = \| cover_artist = \| country = United States \| language = English \| series = \| release_number = \| subject = [[Social movements]] \| genre = \| set_in = \| publisher = [[Melville House Publishing\|Melville House]] \| pub_date = August 2017 \| published = \| media_type = \| pages = 288 \| awards = \| isbn = 978-1-61219-703-6 \| isbn_note = \| oclc = \| dewey = \| congress = \| preceded_by = \| followed_by = \| native_wikisource = \| wikisource = \| notes = \| exclude_cover = \| website = }} '''''Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook''''' is a 2017 book written by historian Mark Bray and published by [[Melville House Publishing]], which explores the history of [[anti-fascist movement]]s since the 1920s and 1930s and their contemporary resurgence. == Content == ''Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook'' details the emergence of [[anti-fascism]] in the 1920s and 1930s, and offers an analysis of contemporary anti-fascist movements, particularly [[Antifa (United States)\|antifa in the United States]] and Europe. Bray argues in his book that militant anti-fascism is a reasonable and legitimate political tradition, and describes his book as "an unabashedly partisan call to arms that aims to equip a new generation of anti-fascists with the history and theory necessary to defeat the resurgent far-right". Historical examples referred to in the book include the [[43 Group]], [[Rock Against Racism]], the [[Redskin (subculture)#History\|Red Warriors]], and the [[Autonomism#Germany\|Autonomen]] who popularized [[black bloc]] tactics.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal\|last=Denton\|first=Donald D.\|date=2021-01-02\|title=ANTIFA: The Anti-Fascist Handbook and From Fascism to Populism in History\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09546553.2021.1864970\|journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]]\|volume=33\|issue=1\|pages=205–208\|doi=10.1080/09546553.2021.1864970\|s2cid=231654301 \|issn=0954-6553\|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine\|last=Mogelson\|first=Luke\|title=In the Streets with Antifa\|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/11/02/trump-antifa-movement-portland\|access-date=2021-03-02\|magazine=The New Yorker\|language=en-us}}</ref><ref name="Lozada">{{cite news \|last1=Lozada \|first1=Carlos \|author-link1=Carlos Lozada (journalist) \|title=The history, theory and contradictions of antifa \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/book-party/wp/2017/09/01/the-history-theory-and-contradictions-of-antifa/ \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] \|date=1 September 2017 \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170903141742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/book-party/wp/2017/09/01/the-history-theory-and-contradictions-of-antifa/ \|archive-date=3 September 2017 \|url-status=unfit}}</ref>{{cbignore\|bot=InternetArchiveBot}} It also details key events in the history of anti-fascist movements, such as the [[Battle of Cable Street]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news\|date=August 24, 2017\|title=Anti-fascist handbook explores long history of opposition movement\|work=[[CBC Radio]]\|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]\|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-august-24-2017-1.4259076/anti-fascist-handbook-explores-long-history-of-opposition-movement-1.4259411\|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> In addition to describing the history of anti-fascist movements, the book dedicates a chapter to "Five Historical Lessons for Anti-Fascists".<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> It discusses the subject of antifa as it relates to [[deplatforming]] and [[freedom of speech]].<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Burns\|first=Chase\|date=November 8, 2017\|title=Shut Up About Nazi-Punching and Pick Up Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook\|work=[[The Stranger (newspaper)\|The Stranger]]\|url=https://www.thestranger.com/books/2017/11/08/25539293/shut-up-about-nazi-punching-and-pick-up-antifa-the-anti-fascist-handbook\|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Duford\|first=Rochelle\|date=January 30, 2019\|others=[[American Philosophical Association]]\|title='Who is a Negator of History?' Revisiting the Debate over Left Fascism 50 Years after 1968\|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-american-philosophical-association/article/abs/who-is-a-negator-of-history-revisiting-the-debate-over-left-fascism-50-years-after-1968/62E0881E3EB04BCE7481D8ADF74A1EF6\|journal=Journal of the American Philosophical Association\|language=en\|volume=5\|issue=1\|pages=59–77\|doi=10.1017/apa.2018.39\|s2cid=166995084 \|issn=2053-4477\|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Interviews that Bray conducted with antifa activists are included in the book.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Flood \|first1=Alison \|title=Antifa: the Anti-fascist Handbook – 'What Trump said made the book seem even more urgent' \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/aug/22/antifa-anti-fascist-handbook-trump-us-politics-far-right-charlottesville \|access-date=10 June 2020 \|work=The Guardian \|date=22 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine \|last1=Penny \|first1=Daniel \|title=An Intimate History of Antifa \|url=https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/an-intimate-history-of-antifa \|access-date=10 June 2020 \|magazine=The New Yorker \|date=22 August 2017 \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=Schargel/> Bray conducted 61 such interviews across 17 different countries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news\|last=Sycamore\|first=Mattilda Bernstein\|date=September 8, 2017\|title='Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook,' by Mark Bray\|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]\|url=https://www.sfgate.com/books/article/Antifa-The-Anti-Fascist-Handbook-by-Mark-12183664.php\|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Bray uses the [[definition of fascism]] provided by [[Robert Paxton]].<ref name="Lozada" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news\|last=Shaw\|first=Fred\|date=November 5, 2017\|title=Mark Bray writes a roadmap to anti-fascist beliefs\|work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]\|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/ae/books/2017/11/05/Anti-fascism-for-beginners-Mark-Bray-Antifa-Hankdbook/stories/201711050030\|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> He defines antifa as "illiberal politics of social revolutionism applied to fighting the Far Right, not only literal fascists" and as a "pan-left radical politics uniting communists, socialists, anarchists and various different radical leftists together for the shared purpose of combating the far right."<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Koch\|first=Ariel\|date=2021-05-19\|title=The Non-Jihadi Foreign Fighters: Western Right-Wing and Left-Wing Extremists in Syria\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546553.2019.1581614\|journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]]\|volume=33\|issue=4\|pages=669–696\|doi=10.1080/09546553.2019.1581614\|s2cid=197703519 \|issn=0954-6553\|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Antifa violence is ethical? This author explains why \|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/antifa-violence-ethical-author-explains-why-n796106 \|access-date=2023-05-03 \|website=NBC News \|language=en}}</ref> == Reception == The ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' praised the book's writing, calling Bray's analysis "methodical and informative" and his arguments "incisive and cohesive".<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Eric \|last2=Flaccus \|first2=Gillian \|last3=Madhani \|first3=Aamer \|title=A look at the antifa movement Trump is blaming for violence \|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/A-look-at-the-antifa-movement-Trump-is-blaming-15309040.php \|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] \|agency=[[Associated Press\|AP]] \|date=2 June 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604132922/https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/A-look-at-the-antifa-movement-Trump-is-blaming-15309040.php \|archive-date=4 June 2020 \|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{cbignore\|bot=InternetArchiveBot}} [[Carlos Lozada (journalist)\|Carlos Lozada]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' commented that "the book's most enlightening contribution is on the history of anti-fascist efforts over the past century, but its most relevant for today is its justification for stifling speech and clobbering white supremacists".<ref name="Lozada" /> In the ''[[Los Angeles Review of Books]]'', Luca Provenzano said that the book was "written from a commendable place of engagement and provides a serviceable genealogy for militant anti-fascism in the present", but was also critical of the book, saying that a "closer, more critical look at modern antifa's inception in the 1960s and '70s reveals some of the pitfalls of militant organizing, and a truly credible analysis of anti-fascist protest tactics would need to pay much closer attention to this period."<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Provenzano\|first=Luca\|date=October 21, 2017\|title=Street Fighting Men: Antifa's Origins in the '60s and '70s\|work=[[Los Angeles Review of Books]]\|url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/street-fighting-men-antifas-origins-in-the-60s-and-70s/\|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> Fred Shaw, writing in the ''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]'', called the book "pointed with concise analysis provided by an insider’s perspective", but also said it was "not a page-turner".<ref name=":1" /> In Brazil, Bray's book featured in what Bray described as "a little bit of a controversy" on Twitter in 2021, when a member of the self-described "Anti-Fascism Police Movement" tweeted a photo of himself holding the book, to which the author replied that if he was really anti-fascist he should quit his job.<ref name=Schargel>{{Cite journal \|last=Schargel \|first=Sergio \|last2=Guimarães \|first2=Julia de Oliveira Góes \|date=2023-03-31 \|title=Between Antifascism and Antifa: A Conversation with Mark Bray, Author of Antifa \|url=http://www.scielo.br/j/rbh/a/NTRQWC8CGHQZnmmnYJktSyJ/?lang=en \|journal=Revista Brasileira de História \|language=en \|volume=43 \|pages=305–321 \|doi=10.1590/1806-93472023v43n92-19 \|issn=0102-0188\|doi-access=free }}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Portal bar\|Anarchism\|Books\|Society}} [[Category:2017 non-fiction books]] [[Category:Anti-fascist books]] [[Category:English-language non-fiction books]] [[Category:American non-fiction books]] [[Category:Melville House Publishing books]] [[Category:Anti-fascism in the United States]]	1,295,997,630	[{"title": "Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook", "data": {"Author": "Mark Bray", "Audio read by": "Keith Szarabajka", "Language": "English", "Subject": "Social movements", "Publisher": "Melville House", "Publication date": "August 2017", "Publication place": "United States", "Pages": "288", "ISBN": "978-1-61219-703-6"}}]	false
# NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham Stock car races in the NASCAR Xfinity Series have been held at Rockingham Speedway from the series' inception in 1982 until 2004, and again since 2025. ## Spring race ### Past winners \| Year \| Date \| Driver \| Team \| Manufacturer \| Race Distance \| Race Distance \| Race Time \| Average Speed (mph) \| \| Year \| Date \| Driver \| Team \| Manufacturer \| Laps \| Miles (km) \| Race Time \| Average Speed (mph) \| \| --------- \| ----------- \| -------------- \| ------------------------ \| ------------ \| ------------- \| ----------------- \| --------- \| ------------------- \| \| 1982 \| June 27 \| David Pearson \| David Pearson \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| \| 99.074 \| \| 1983 \| March 5 \| Dale Earnhardt \| Robert Gee \| Pontiac \| 148* \| 150.516 (242.232) \| 1:36:57 \| 91.892 \| \| 1984 \| March 3 \| Sam Ard \| Thomas Brothers Racing \| Oldsmobile \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:43:34 \| 116.07 \| \| 1985 \| March 2 \| Dale Earnhardt \| Dale Earnhardt, Inc. \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:53:38 \| 105.787 \| \| 1986 \| March 1 \| Dale Earnhardt \| Dale Earnhardt, Inc. \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:50:08 \| 109.148 \| \| 1987 \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| \| 1988 \| March 5 \| Mark Martin \| Bruce Lawmaster \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:54:05 \| 104.651 \| \| 1989 \| March 4 \| Rob Moroso \| Dick Moroso \| Oldsmobile \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:45:51 \| 113.566 \| \| 1990 \| March 3 \| Dale Earnhardt \| Dale Earnhardt, Inc. \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:52:24 \| 106.948 \| \| 1991 \| March 2 \| Dale Jarrett \| Dale Jarrett \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:48:31 \| 110.775 \| \| 1992 \| February 29 \| Ward Burton \| A.G. Dillard Motorsports \| Buick \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 2:11:10 \| 96.646 \| \| 1993 \| February 27 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:46:21 \| 113.032 \| \| 1994 \| February 26 \| Terry Labonte \| Labonte Motorsports \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:53:14 \| 106.161 \| \| 1995 \| February 25 \| Chad Little \| Mark Rypien Motorsports \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:39:30 \| 120.753 \| \| 1996 \| February 24 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:53:26 \| 105.974 \| \| 1997 \| February 22 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:43:24 \| 116.256 \| \| 1998 \| February 21 \| Matt Kenseth \| Reiser Enterprises \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:40:00 \| 120.209 \| \| 1999 \| February 20 \| Jeff Burton \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:56:02 \| 103.599 \| \| 2000 \| February 26 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:37:28 \| 123.334 \| \| 2001 \| February 24 \| Todd Bodine \| Buckshot Racing \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:47:17 \| 112.049 \| \| 2002 \| February 23 \| Jason Keller \| ppc Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:44:09 \| 115.419 \| \| 2003 \| February 24 \| Jamie McMurray \| Phoenix Racing \| Dodge \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:58:04 \| 101.815 \| \| 2004 \| February 21 \| Jamie McMurray \| Braun Racing \| Dodge \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:46:54 \| 112.45 \| \| 2005–2024 \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| Not held \| \| 2025 \| April 19 \| Sammy Smith \| JR Motorsports \| Chevrolet \| 256* \| 240.64 (387.271) \| 2:59:38 \| 80.377 \| - 1983: Race shortened due to crash. - 2025: Race extended due to a NASCAR overtime finish. ### Multiple winners (drivers) \| # Wins \| Driver \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| -------------- \| ---------------------------- \| \| 5 \| Mark Martin \| 1988, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000 \| \| 4 \| Dale Earnhardt \| 1983, 1985, 1986, 1990 \| \| 2 \| Jamie McMurray \| 2003, 2004 \| ### Multiple winners (teams) \| # Wins \| Team \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| ------------------- \| ---------------------------- \| \| 5 \| Roush Racing \| 1993, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 \| \| 3 \| Dale Earnhardt Inc. \| 1985, 1986, 1990 \| ### Manufacturer wins \| # Wins \| Make \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| ---------- \| ---------------------------------------------- \| \| 8 \| Ford \| 1988, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002 \| \| 5 \| Chevrolet \| 1990, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2025 \| \| 5 \| Pontiac \| 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1991 \| \| 2 \| Oldsmobile \| 1984, 1989 \| \| 2 \| Dodge \| 2003, 2004 \| ## Former Fall race ### Past winners \| Year \| Date \| Driver \| Team \| Manufacturer \| Race Distance \| Race Distance \| Race Time \| Average Speed (mph) \| \| Year \| Date \| Driver \| Team \| Manufacturer \| Laps \| Miles (km) \| Race Time \| Average Speed (mph) \| \| ---- \| ---------- \| --------------- \| -------------------------- \| ------------ \| ------------- \| ---------------- \| --------- \| ------------------- \| \| 1984 \| October 20 \| Geoffrey Bodine \| Hendrick Motorsports \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 2:06:51 \| 94.765 \| \| 1985 \| October 19 \| Brett Bodine \| Hendrick Motorsports \| Pontiac \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:56:00 \| 103.629 \| \| 1986 \| October 18 \| Morgan Shepherd \| Whitaker Racing \| Buick \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:39:08 \| 101.177 \| \| 1987 \| October 24 \| Morgan Shepherd \| Morgan Shepherd \| Buick \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:52:29 \| 106.396 \| \| 1988 \| October 22 \| Harry Gant \| Whitaker Racing \| Buick \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:50:09 \| 109.132 \| \| 1989 \| October 21 \| Harry Gant \| Whitaker Racing \| Buick \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:47:32 \| 111.788 \| \| 1990 \| October 20 \| Steve Grissom \| Grissom Racing Enterprises \| Oldsmobile \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:53:31 \| 105.896 \| \| 1991 \| October 19 \| Ernie Irvan \| Ernie Irvan \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:55:13 \| 104.333 \| \| 1992 \| October 24 \| Mark Martin \| Mark Martin \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:41:30 \| 118.433 \| \| 1993 \| October 23 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:42:37 \| 117.144 \| \| 1994 \| October 22 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:49:15 \| 110.032 \| \| 1995 \| October 21 \| Todd Bodine \| Parker Racing \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 2:01:48 \| 98.694 \| \| 1996 \| October 19 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:36:38 \| 124.397 \| \| 1997 \| October 25 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:59:42 \| 100.426 \| \| 1998 \| October 31 \| Elliott Sadler \| Diamond Ridge Motorsports \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:43:31 \| 116.126 \| \| 1999 \| October 23 \| Mark Martin \| Roush Racing \| Ford \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:45:36 \| 113.835 \| \| 2000 \| October 21 \| Jeff Green \| ppc Racing \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:46:15 \| 113.138 \| \| 2001 \| November 3 \| Kenny Wallace \| Innovative Motorsports \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:36:56 \| 124.012 \| \| 2002 \| November 2 \| Jamie McMurray \| Brewco Motorsports \| Chevrolet \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:41:18 \| 118.667 \| \| 2003 \| November 8 \| Jamie McMurray \| Phoenix Racing \| Dodge \| 197 \| 200.349 (322.43) \| 1:40:19 \| 119.83 \| ### Multiple winners (drivers) \| # Wins \| Driver \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| --------------- \| ---------------------------------- \| \| 6 \| Mark Martin \| 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \| \| 2 \| Jamie McMurray \| 2002, 2003 \| \| 2 \| Morgan Shepherd \| 1986, 1987 \| \| 2 \| Harry Gant \| 1988, 1989 \| ### Multiple winners (teams) \| # Wins \| Team \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| -------------------- \| ---------------------------- \| \| 5 \| Roush Racing \| 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \| \| 3 \| Whitaker Racing \| 1986, 1988, 1989 \| \| 2 \| Hendrick Motorsports \| 1984, 1985 \| ### Manufacturer wins \| # Wins \| Make \| Years Won \| \| ------ \| --------- \| ---------------------------------- \| \| 6 \| Ford \| 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \| \| 6 \| Chevrolet \| 1991, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 \| \| 4 \| Buick \| 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 \| \| 2 \| Pontiac \| 1984, 1985 \|	enwiki/11424603	enwiki	11,424,603	NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASCAR_Xfinity_Series_at_Rockingham	2025-07-20T13:21:51Z	en	Q5583736	86,182	{{Short description\|NASCAR Xfinity Series race at Rockingham Speedway}} {{Redirect\|Goodwrench 200\|the race at Dover in 1992\|OneMain Financial 200 (spring)}} {{Infobox motor race\| Race title=NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham\| Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]\| Venue=[[Rockingham Speedway]]\| Track map = [[File:Rockingham Speedway.svg\|200px]]\| Location =[[Richmond County, North Carolina\|Richmond County]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]]\| Surface = Asphalt\| Length mi = 0.94\| Turns = 4}} [[Stock car racing\|Stock car races]] in the [[NASCAR]] [[NASCAR Xfinity Series\|Xfinity Series]] have been held at [[Rockingham Speedway]] from the series' inception in [[1982 NASCAR Budweiser Late Model Sportsman Series\|1982]] until [[2004 NASCAR Busch Series\|2004]], and again since 2025. ==Spring race== {{Infobox motor race\|Race title=North Carolina Education Lottery 250\|Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]\|First race=1982\|Distance={{convert\|235\|mi\|km\|1}}\|Laps=250\|Previous names='''Coca-Cola 200''' (1982–1983)<br>'''Komfort Koach 200''' (1984–1985)<br>'''Protecta-Liner 200''' (1986)<br>'''Goodwrench 200''' (1988–1995)<br>'''Goodwrench Service 200''' (1996–1997)<br>'''GM Goodwrench Service Plus 200''' (1998)<br>'''Alltel 200''' (1999–2001)<br>'''1-866RBCTerm.com 200''' (2002)<br>'''Rockingham 200''' (2003)<br>'''Goody's Headache Powder 200''' (2004)\|Most wins driver=[[Mark Martin]] (5)\|Most wins team=[[Roush Racing]] (5)\|Most wins manufacturer=[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] (8)\|Logo=File:Rocking-Ham-Speedway-Xfinity-Series-Race-Logo-Announce.webp}} === Past winners === {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" \|- ! rowspan="2"\|Year ! rowspan="2"\|Date ! rowspan="2"\|Driver ! rowspan="2"\|Team ! rowspan="2"\|Manufacturer ! colspan="2"\|Race Distance ! rowspan="2"\|Race Time ! rowspan="2"\|Average Speed<br>(mph) \|- ! Laps ! Miles (km) \|- \| [[1982 NASCAR Busch Series\|1982]] \| June 27 \| [[David Pearson (NASCAR driver)\|David Pearson]] \| [[David Pearson (NASCAR driver)\|David Pearson]] \| [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \|align="center"\|197 \|align="center"\|200.349 (322.43) \|align="center"\| \|align="center"\|99.074 \|- \| [[1983 NASCAR Busch Series\|1983]] \| March 5 \| [[Dale Earnhardt]] \| [[Robert Gee]] \| [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \|align="center"\|148* \|align="center"\|150.516 (242.232) \|align="center"\|1:36:57 \|align="center"\|91.892 \|- \| [[1984 NASCAR Busch Series\|1984]] \| March 3 \| [[Sam Ard]] \| [[Thomas Brothers Racing]] \| [[Oldsmobile]] \|align="center"\|197 \|align="center"\|200.349 (322.43) \|align="center"\|1:43:34 \|align="center"\|116.07 \|- \| [[1985 NASCAR Busch Series\|1985]] \| March 2 \| [[Dale Earnhardt]] \| [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] \| [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:53:38 \| align="center" \|105.787 \|- \| [[1986 NASCAR Busch Series\|1986]] \| March 1 \| [[Dale Earnhardt]] \| [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] \| [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:50:08 \| align="center" \|109.148 \|- \| 1987 \| colspan="8" align=center\|''Not held'' \|- \| [[1988 NASCAR Busch Series\|1988]] \| March 5 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| [[Bruce Lawmaster]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:54:05 \| align="center" \| 104.651 \|- \| [[1989 NASCAR Busch Series\|1989]] \| March 4 \| [[Rob Moroso]] \| [[Dick Moroso]] \| [[Oldsmobile]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:45:51 \| align="center" \|113.566 \|- \| [[1990 NASCAR Busch Series\|1990]] \| March 3 \| [[Dale Earnhardt]] \| [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] \| [[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:52:24 \| align="center" \|106.948 \|- \| [[1991 NASCAR Busch Series\|1991]] \| March 2 \| [[Dale Jarrett]] \| [[Dale Jarrett]] \| [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:48:31 \| align="center" \|110.775 \|- \| [[1992 NASCAR Busch Series\|1992]] \| February 29 \| [[Ward Burton]] \| [[A.G. Dillard Motorsports]] \| [[Buick]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|2:11:10 \| align="center" \|96.646 \|- \| [[1993 NASCAR Busch Series\|1993]] \| February 27 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| [[Roush Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:46:21 \| align="center" \|113.032 \|- \| [[1994 NASCAR Busch Series\|1994]] \| February 26 \| [[Terry Labonte]] \| [[Labonte Motorsports]] \| [[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:53:14 \| align="center" \|106.161 \|- \| [[1995 NASCAR Busch Series\|1995]] \| February 25 \| [[Chad Little]] \| [[Mark Rypien Motorsports]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:39:30 \| align="center" \|120.753 \|- \| [[1996 NASCAR Busch Series\|1996]] \| February 24 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| [[Roush Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:53:26 \| align="center" \|105.974 \|- \| [[1997 NASCAR Busch Series\|1997]] \| February 22 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| [[Roush Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:43:24 \| align="center" \|116.256 \|- \| [[1998 NASCAR Busch Series\|1998]] \| February 21 \| [[Matt Kenseth]] \| [[Reiser Enterprises]] \| [[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:40:00 \| align="center" \|120.209 \|- \| [[1999 NASCAR Busch Series\|1999]] \| February 20 \| [[Jeff Burton]] \| [[Roush Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:56:02 \| align="center" \|103.599 \|- \| [[2000 NASCAR Busch Series\|2000]] \| February 26 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| [[Roush Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:37:28 \| align="center" \|123.334 \|- \| [[2001 NASCAR Busch Series\|2001]] \| February 24 \| [[Todd Bodine]] \| [[Buckshot Racing]] \| [[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:47:17 \| align="center" \|112.049 \|- \| [[2002 NASCAR Busch Series\|2002]] \| February 23 \| [[Jason Keller]] \| [[ppc Racing]] \| [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:44:09 \| align="center" \|115.419 \|- \| [[2003 NASCAR Busch Series\|2003]] \| February 24 \| [[Jamie McMurray]] \| [[Phoenix Racing (NASCAR team)\|Phoenix Racing]] \| [[Dodge]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:58:04 \| align="center" \|101.815 \|- \| [[2004 NASCAR Busch Series\|2004]] \| February 21 \| [[Jamie McMurray]] \| [[Braun Racing]] \| [[Dodge]] \|align="center"\|197 \|align="center"\|200.349 (322.43) \|align="center"\|1:46:54 \|align="center"\|112.45 \|- \|align=center\|2005–2024 \|colspan=8 align=center\| ''Not held'' \|- \| [[2025 NASCAR Xfinity Series\|2025]] \| April 19 \| [[Sammy Smith]] \| [[JR Motorsports]] \| [[Chevrolet]] \|align="center"\|256* \|align="center"\|240.64 (387.271) \|align="center"\|2:59:38 \|align="center"\|80.377 \|} '''1983:''' Race shortened due to crash. '''2025:''' Race extended due to a [[green–white–checker finish\|NASCAR overtime finish]]. ===Multiple winners (drivers)=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" \|- ! # Wins ! Driver ! Years Won \|- ! 5 \| [[Mark Martin]] \| 1988, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000 \|- ! 4 \| [[Dale Earnhardt]] \| 1983, 1985, 1986, 1990 \|- !2 \| [[Jamie McMurray]] \| 2003, 2004 \|} ===Multiple winners (teams)=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" \|- ! # Wins ! Team ! Years Won \|- ! 5 \| [[Roush Racing]] \| 1993, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 \|- ! 3 \| [[Dale Earnhardt Inc.]] \| 1985, 1986, 1990 \|} ===Manufacturer wins=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" \|- ! # Wins ! Make ! Years Won \|- ! 8 \| {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| 1988, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002 \|- ! rowspan="2" \| 5 \| {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Chevrolet]] \| 1990, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2025 \|- \| {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1991 \|- ! rowspan="2" \| 2 \| {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Oldsmobile]] \| 1984, 1989 \|- \| {{flagicon\|USA}} [[Dodge]] \| 2003, 2004 \|} == Former Fall race == {{Infobox motor race\|Race title=Target House 200\|Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]\|Venue=[[Rockingham Speedway]]\|Location=[[Richmond County, North Carolina\|Richmond County]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]]\|First race=1984\|Last race=2003\|Distance={{convert\|235\|mi\|km\|1}}\|Laps=250\|Previous names='''Komfort Koach 200''' (1984)<br>'''Sandhills 200''' (1985–1986)<br>'''AC-Delco 200''' (1987–1998)<br>'''Kmart 200''' (1999)<br>'''Sam's Club 200''' (2000–2002)<br>'''Target House 200''' (2003)\|Most wins driver=[[Mark Martin]] (6)\|Most wins team=[[Roush Racing]] (6)\|Most wins manufacturer=[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]]/[[Chevrolet\|Chevy]] (6)}} === Past winners === {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" ! rowspan="2" \|Year ! rowspan="2" \|Date ! rowspan="2" \|Driver ! rowspan="2" \|Team ! rowspan="2" \|Manufacturer ! colspan="2" \|Race Distance ! rowspan="2" \|Race Time ! rowspan="2" \|Average Speed (mph) \|- !Laps !Miles (km) \|- \|[[1984 NASCAR Busch Series\|1984]] \|October 20 \|[[Geoffrey Bodine]] \|[[Hendrick Motorsports]] \|[[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|2:06:51 \| align="center" \|94.765 \|- \|[[1985 NASCAR Busch Series\|1985]] \|October 19 \|[[Brett Bodine]] \|[[Hendrick Motorsports]] \|[[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:56:00 \| align="center" \|103.629 \|- \|[[1986 NASCAR Busch Series\|1986]] \|October 18 \|[[Morgan Shepherd]] \|[[Whitaker Racing]] \|[[Buick]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:39:08 \| align="center" \|101.177 \|- \|[[1987 NASCAR Busch Series\|1987]] \|October 24 \|[[Morgan Shepherd]] \|[[Morgan Shepherd]] \|[[Buick]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:52:29 \| align="center" \|106.396 \|- \|[[1988 NASCAR Busch Series\|1988]] \|October 22 \|[[Harry Gant]] \|[[Whitaker Racing]] \|[[Buick]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:50:09 \| align="center" \|109.132 \|- \|[[1989 NASCAR Busch Series\|1989]] \|October 21 \|[[Harry Gant]] \|[[Whitaker Racing]] \|[[Buick]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:47:32 \| align="center" \|111.788 \|- \|[[1990 NASCAR Busch Series\|1990]] \|October 20 \|[[Steve Grissom]] \|[[Grissom Racing Enterprises]] \|[[Oldsmobile]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:53:31 \| align="center" \|105.896 \|- \|[[1991 NASCAR Busch Series\|1991]] \|October 19 \|[[Ernie Irvan]] \|[[Ernie Irvan]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:55:13 \| align="center" \|104.333 \|- \|[[1992 NASCAR Busch Series\|1992]] \|October 24 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:41:30 \| align="center" \|118.433 \|- \|[[1993 NASCAR Busch Series\|1993]] \|October 23 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Roush Racing]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:42:37 \| align="center" \|117.144 \|- \|[[1994 NASCAR Busch Series\|1994]] \|October 22 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Roush Racing]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:49:15 \| align="center" \|110.032 \|- \|[[1995 NASCAR Busch Series\|1995]] \|October 21 \|[[Todd Bodine]] \|[[Parker Racing]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|2:01:48 \| align="center" \|98.694 \|- \|[[1996 NASCAR Busch Series\|1996]] \|October 19 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Roush Racing]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:36:38 \| align="center" \|124.397 \|- \|[[1997 NASCAR Busch Series\|1997]] \|October 25 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Roush Racing]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:59:42 \| align="center" \|100.426 \|- \|[[1998 NASCAR Busch Series\|1998]] \|October 31 \|[[Elliott Sadler]] \|[[Diamond Ridge Motorsports]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:43:31 \| align="center" \|116.126 \|- \|[[1999 NASCAR Busch Series\|1999]] \|October 23 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|[[Roush Racing]] \|[[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:45:36 \| align="center" \|113.835 \|- \|[[2000 NASCAR Busch Series\|2000]] \|October 21 \|[[Jeff Green (racing driver)\|Jeff Green]] \|[[ppc Racing]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:46:15 \| align="center" \|113.138 \|- \|[[2001 NASCAR Busch Series\|2001]] \|November 3 \|[[Kenny Wallace]] \|[[Innovative Motorsports]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:36:56 \| align="center" \|124.012 \|- \|[[2002 NASCAR Busch Series\|2002]] \|November 2 \|[[Jamie McMurray]] \|[[Brewco Motorsports]] \|[[Chevrolet]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:41:18 \| align="center" \|118.667 \|- \|[[2003 NASCAR Busch Series\|2003]] \|November 8 \|[[Jamie McMurray]] \|[[Phoenix Racing (NASCAR team)\|Phoenix Racing]] \|[[Dodge]] \| align="center" \|197 \| align="center" \|200.349 (322.43) \| align="center" \|1:40:19 \| align="center" \|119.83 \|} ===Multiple winners (drivers)=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Driver !Years Won \|- !6 \|[[Mark Martin]] \|1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \|- ! rowspan="3" \|2 \|[[Jamie McMurray]] \|2002, 2003 \|- \|[[Morgan Shepherd]] \|1986, 1987 \|- \|[[Harry Gant]] \|1988, 1989 \|} ===Multiple winners (teams)=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Team !Years Won \|- !5 \|[[Roush Racing]] \|1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \|- !3 \|[[Whitaker Racing]] \|1986, 1988, 1989 \|- !2 \|[[Hendrick Motorsports]] \|1984, 1985 \|} ===Manufacturer wins=== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Make !Years Won \|- ! rowspan="2" \|6 \|{{flagicon\|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company\|Ford]] \|1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 \|- \|{{flagicon\|USA}} [[Chevrolet]] \|1991, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 \|- !4 \|{{flagicon\|USA}} [[Buick]] \|1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 \|- !2 \|{{flagicon\|USA}} [[Pontiac (automobile)\|Pontiac]] \|1984, 1985 \|} ==External links== {{Portal\|1980s\|1990s}} * {{Racing-Reference track\|North_Carolina_Speedway\|North Carolina Speedway}} {{NASCAR next race \| Series = NASCAR Xfinity Series \| Race = North Carolina Education Lottery 250 \| Previous_race = [[NASCAR Xfinity Series at Bristol\|SciAps 300]] \| Next_race = [[NASCAR Xfinity Series at Talladega\|Ag-Pro 300]] }} {{NASCAR Nationwide Series races}} [[Category:NASCAR races]] [[Category:NASCAR Xfinity Series races]] [[Category:NASCAR races at Rockingham Speedway\| ]]	1,301,558,921	[{"title": "NASCAR Xfinity Series", "data": {"Venue": "Rockingham Speedway", "Location": "Richmond County, North Carolina, United States"}}, {"title": "Circuit information", "data": {"Surface": "Asphalt", "Length": "0.94 mi (1.51 km)", "Turns": "4"}}, {"title": "NASCAR Xfinity Series", "data": {"First race": "1982", "Distance": "235 miles (378.2 km)", "Laps": "250", "Previous names": "Coca-Cola 200 (1982\u20131983) \u00b7 Komfort Koach 200 (1984\u20131985) \u00b7 Protecta-Liner 200 (1986) \u00b7 Goodwrench 200 (1988\u20131995) \u00b7 Goodwrench Service 200 (1996\u20131997) \u00b7 GM Goodwrench Service Plus 200 (1998) \u00b7 Alltel 200 (1999\u20132001) \u00b7 1-866RBCTerm.com 200 (2002) \u00b7 Rockingham 200 (2003) \u00b7 Goody's Headache Powder 200 (2004)", "Most wins (driver)": "Mark Martin (5)", "Most wins (team)": "Roush Racing (5)", "Most wins (manufacturer)": "Ford (8)"}}, {"title": "Target House 200", "data": {"Venue": "Rockingham Speedway", "Location": "Richmond County, North Carolina, United States", "First race": "1984", "Last race": "2003", "Distance": "235 miles (378.2 km)", "Laps": "250", "Previous names": "Komfort Koach 200 (1984) \u00b7 Sandhills 200 (1985\u20131986) \u00b7 AC-Delco 200 (1987\u20131998) \u00b7 Kmart 200 (1999) \u00b7 Sam's Club 200 (2000\u20132002) \u00b7 Target House 200 (2003)", "Most wins (driver)": "Mark Martin (6)", "Most wins (team)": "Roush Racing (6)", "Most wins (manufacturer)": "Ford/Chevy (6)"}}]	false
# The Zealot (film) The Zealot is an upcoming American thriller directed by Vadim Perelman, based on the 2016 play Damascus by Bennett Fisher. It stars Kodi Smit-McPhee and Djimon Hounsou. ## Premise Hounsou plays Hassan, a Somali-American shuttle driver who gets an offer from a mysterious passenger to take him from Minneapolis to Chicago. Unbeknownst to Hassan, his passenger has a dark and potentially catastrophic purpose. ## Cast - Djimon Hounsou as Hassan - Kodi Smit-McPhee as Lloyd ## Production WestEnd Films announced the project at Cannes. The movie began filming in Winnipeg in fall 2024 and had finished filming by November 2024.	enwiki/78456044	enwiki	78,456,044	The Zealot (film)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Zealot_(film)	2025-06-28T13:39:58Z	en	Q131425656	29,415	{{Short description\|2025 film by Vadim Perelman}} {{Use American English\|date=November 2024}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=November 2024}} {{Infobox film \| name = The Zealot \| image = \| alt = \| caption = \| director = [[Vadim Perelman]] \| screenplay = Bennett Fisher \| based_on = {{Based on\|''Damascus''\|Bennett Fisher}} \| producer = {{Plainlist\| * Bradley Gallo * Norman Golightly * Sean Harner * [[Michael Helfant]] * Jib Polhemus }} \| starring = {{Plainlist\| * [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] * [[Djimon Hounsou]] }} \| cinematography = C. Kim Miles \| editing = Mike Munn \| music = \| studio = {{plainlist\| WestEnd Films Amasia Entertainment Van Evera [[Dark Castle Entertainment]] }} \| distributor = \| released = \| runtime = \| country = \| language = English \| budget = \| gross = }} '''''The Zealot''''' is an upcoming American [[Thriller film\|thriller]] directed by [[Vadim Perelman]], based on the 2016 play ''Damascus'' by Bennett Fisher. It stars [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] and [[Djimon Hounsou]].<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Ritman \|first1=Alex \|title=Kodi Smit-McPhee, Djimon Hounsou to Star in ‘The Zealot,’ WestEnd Launching Vadim Perelman Thriller in Cannes (EXCLUSIVE) \|url=https://variety.com/2024/film/global/kodi-smit-mcphee-djimon-hounsou-the-zealot-vadim-perelman-1235992789/ \|publisher=Variety \|access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> == Premise == Hounsou plays Hassan, a [[Somali-American]] shuttle driver who gets an offer from a mysterious passenger to take him from [[Minneapolis]] to [[Chicago]]. Unbeknownst to Hassan, his passenger has a dark and potentially catastrophic purpose. == Cast == * [[Djimon Hounsou]] as Hassan * [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] as Lloyd == Production == WestEnd Films announced the project at [[Cannes]].<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Ritman \|first1=Alex \|title=Dark Castle Boards WestEnd’s Thriller ‘Zealot’ Starring Djimon Hounsou and Kodi Smit-McPhee, First Look Revealed (EXCLUSIVE) \|url=https://variety.com/2024/film/global/zealot-kodi-smit-mcphee-djimon-hounsou-first-look-1236201271/ \|publisher=Variety \|access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> The movie began filming in [[Winnipeg]] in fall 2024 and had finished filming by November 2024.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=King \|first1=Randall \|title=2 more Oscar nominees headed to Winnipeg during busy fall filming period \|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/film-industry-local-productions-oscar-winners-1.7332825 \|publisher=CBC \|access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} == External links == * {{IMDb title\|32298956}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Zealot (film), The}} [[Category:2020s English-language films]] [[Category:American drama films]] [[Category:Films directed by Vadim Perelman]] [[Category:Films shot in Winnipeg]] {{US-film-stub}}	1,297,784,540	[{"title": "The Zealot", "data": {"Directed by": "Vadim Perelman", "Screenplay by": "Bennett Fisher", "Based on": "Damascus \u00b7 by Bennett Fisher", "Produced by": "- Bradley Gallo - Norman Golightly - Sean Harner - Michael Helfant - Jib Polhemus", "Starring": "- Kodi Smit-McPhee - Djimon Hounsou", "Cinematography": "C. Kim Miles", "Edited by": "Mike Munn", "Production \u00b7 companies": "- WestEnd Films - Amasia Entertainment - Van Evera - Dark Castle Entertainment", "Language": "English"}}]	false
# Operation Chin Brotherhood In June 2024, the Chin Brotherhood Alliance, a military alliance of several Chin ethnic organisations, launched Operation Chin Brotherhood, shortened to Operation CB, an operation to capture regions which the CBA is active in. This operation has been aided by several non-Chin groups, notably the Rakhine-led Arakan Army and the Magway Region-based Yaw Army. During the offensives, five town's have been captured by the CBA: Matupi, Lailenpi, Mindat, Kanpetlet, and Falam. ## Preceding Offensives Before the launch of Operation CB, the CBA launched several other offensives. On 22 December 2023, the CBA began an offensive on the strategically important town of Kyindwe, Kanpetlet Township, planning to capture the town by Christmas. After intensifying operations in March 2024, the CBA captured the town on 29 April 2024. After Kyindwe's capture, the CBA moved on Tedim on 26 May. After capturing several positions in the city, the offensive stalled, with both Chin and junta forces remaining in the town. ## Operation Chin Brotherhood On 9 June, the CBA, Arakan Army and Magway-based Yaw Army began Operation Chin Brotherhood, attacking Matupi, officially announcing its start 4 days later. Shortly after the announcement, the Chinland Council issued a statement asking the Arakan Army to refrain from military and administrative operations in Chinland. Despite this, the offensive continued with CBA aligned forces capturing one of the two junta battalion bases outside Matupi on 17 June. Clashes between the CBA and CBA broke out during the push towards the final base, leading to 2 CBA deaths. The CNA/Chinland Council was forced to retreat from the Matupi area by 24 June On 29 June, the CBA captured the remaining junta base near Matupi and took over the town. Infighting continued with CNA detaining other Yaw Defense Force soldiers and MDF (under the CBA) and AA taking Lailenpi, Matupi Township from the CDF-Mara and CNA on 11 July. On 9 November, the Chin Brotherhood Alliance relaunched Operation Chin Brotherhood, launching simultaneous offensives on Falam and Mindat, capturing most of the former. On 15 December, 123 junta troops and police officers from Mindat district and township police compounds, together with their families, surrendered to the CBA. On 21 December, the CBA declared Mindat a junta-free zone following the capture of the town. The following day, neighboring Kanpetlet was peacefully captured after junta forces retreated, leading to the liberation of the entirety of southern Chin State. On 7 April 2025, the Chin Brotherhood captured IB 268, the last remaining junta outpost in Falam.	enwiki/79355439	enwiki	79,355,439	Operation Chin Brotherhood	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Chin_Brotherhood	2025-04-13T11:25:14Z	en	Q133284152	85,332	{{Short description\|Military offensive in Chin State, Myanmar}} {{more citations needed\|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox military conflict \| conflict = Operation Chin Brotherhood \| partof = the [[Chin theater]] of the [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]] \| image = \| caption = \| date = 9 June 2024 - ''present'' \| place = [[Chin State]], [[Myanmar]] \| result = Ongoing \| combatant1 = {{flagdeco\|MYA}} [[State Administration Council]] * {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} [[Tatmadaw]] {{army\|MYA}} * {{flagicon image\|Mm-north-western-rmc.svg}} [[Northwestern Regional Military Command (Myanmar)\|Northwestern Command]] ** {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Myanmar Police Force.svg}} [[Myanmar Police Force]] \| combatant2 = {{flagicon image\|Flag of Chin State.svg}} [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]]<br/> {{flagicon image\|ULA-AA Flag.svg}} [[Arakan Army]] {{flagicon image\|Flag of PDF Myanmar.svg}} [[People's Defence Force (Myanmar)\|People's Defence Force]] * Yaw Army \| commander1 = Unknown \| commander2 = Unknown \| units1 = {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} [[Tatmadaw]] * {{army\|MYA}} * {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Myanmar Police Force.svg}} [[Myanmar Police Force]] * {{flagicon image\|Flag of Myanmar.svg}} [[Pyusawhti militia]] \| units2 = * {{flagicon image\|Flag of Chin State.svg}} [[Chinland Defense Force]] * {{flagicon image\|CNO-CNDF_Flag.svg}} [[Chin National Defence Force]] * {{flagicon image\|Flag of PDF Myanmar.svg}} Local PDFs \| strength1 = 400+ \| strength2 = Unknown \| casualties1 = \| casualties2 = \| notes = \| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Myanmar Civil War (2021-2023)}} }} In June 2024, the [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]], a military alliance of several [[Chin people\|Chin]] [[list of ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar\|ethnic organisations]], launched '''Operation Chin Brotherhood''', shortened to '''Operation CB''', an operation to capture regions which the CBA is active in. This operation has been aided by several non-Chin groups, notably the [[Rakhine people\|Rakhine]]-led [[Arakan Army]] and the [[Magway Region]]-based Yaw Army. During the offensives, five town's have been captured by the CBA: [[Matupi, Myanmar\|Matupi]], [[Lailenpi]], [[Mindat, Chin State\|Mindat]], [[Kanpetlet]], and [[Falam, Myanmar\|Falam]]. ==Preceding Offensives== Before the launch of Operation CB, the CBA launched several other offensives. On 22 December 2023, the CBA began an [[Battle of Kyindwe\|offensive]] on the strategically important town of Kyindwe, [[Kanpetlet Township]], planning to capture the town by [[Christmas]].<ref>{{cite news \|title=Chin Anti-Regime Groups Target Town Despite Myanmar Junta Reinforcements \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/chin-anti-regime-groups-target-town-despite-myanmar-junta-reinforcements.html \|date=April 30, 2024 \|work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> After intensifying operations in March 2024, the CBA captured the town on 29 April 2024.<ref>{{cite news \|title=As Myawaddy Made Headlines, Myanmar's Resistance Took Bigger Prize: Kyindwe \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/analysis/as-myawaddy-made-headlines-myanmars-resistance-took-bigger-prize-kyindwe.html \|date=May 2, 2024 \|work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> After Kyindwe's capture, the CBA moved on [[Tedim]] on 26 May. After capturing several positions in the city, the offensive stalled, with both Chin and junta forces remaining in the town.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Junta and Chin Resistance Forces Share Control Over Tedim Town \|url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/junta-and-chin-resistance-forces-share-control-over-tedim-town \|date=June 13, 2024 \|work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> ==Operation Chin Brotherhood== On 9 June, the CBA, Arakan Army and [[Magway Region\|Magway]]-based Yaw Army began Operation Chin Brotherhood, attacking [[Matupi, Myanmar\|Matupi]], officially announcing its start 4 days later.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=15 June 2024 \|title=Operation Chin Brotherhood Sees Swift Success Against Myanmar Junta Troops \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/operation-chin-brotherhood-sees-swift-success-against-myanmar-junta-troops.html \|access-date=16 June 2024 \|work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> Shortly after the announcement, the [[Chinland Council]] issued a statement asking the Arakan Army to refrain from military and administrative operations in [[Chinland]].<ref>{{cite news \|title=The Chin Council asked the AA not to conduct military operations in Chin State \|url=https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/chinland-aa-control-06112024141836.html \|date=11 June 2024 \|work=Radio Free Asia \|language=my}}</ref> Despite this, the offensive continued with CBA aligned forces capturing one of the two junta battalion bases outside Matupi on 17 June.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Chin Brotherhood Alliance on the Path towards Liberating Southern Chin State from Junta control \|url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/chin-brotherhood-alliance-path-towards-liberating-southern-chin-state-junta-control \|date=19 June 2024 \|work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> Clashes between the CBA and CBA broke out during the push towards the final base, leading to 2 CBA deaths.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Two Fighters Killed as Rival Myanmar Resistance Groups Clash in Chin State \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/two-fighters-killed-as-rival-myanmar-resistance-groups-clash-in-chin-state.html \|date=20 June 2024 \|work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> The CNA/Chinland Council was forced to retreat from the Matupi area by 24 June<ref>{{cite news \|title=Chin Brotherhood Hails Progress Against Myanmar Junta \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/chin-brotherhood-hails-progress-against-myanmar-junta.html \|date=26 June 2024 \|work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> On 29 June, the CBA captured the remaining junta base near Matupi and took over the town.<ref>{{cite news \|title=The Chin Brotherhood alliance took over the town of Mutipi \|url=https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/matupi-chin-brotherhood-occupied-06292024125225.html \|date=30 June 2024 \|work=Radio Free Asia \|language=my}}</ref> Infighting continued with CNA detaining other Yaw Defense Force soldiers<ref>{{cite news \|title=2 Yaw soldiers arrested by CNA released \|url=https://bur.mizzima.com/2024/07/12/27140 \|date=12 July 2024 \|work=Mizzima \|language=my}}</ref> and MDF (under the CBA) and AA taking Lailenpi, [[Matupi Township]] from the CDF-Mara and CNA on 11 July.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Lailenpi Under MDF Control Amid Tension Between Mara Armed Forces \|url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/lailenpi-under-mdf-control-amid-tension-between-mara-armed-forces \|date=18 July 2024 \|work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> On 9 November, the [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]] relaunched Operation Chin Brotherhood, launching simultaneous offensives on [[Falam]] and [[Mindat, Chin State\|Mindat]], capturing most of the former.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Fighting Flares as Chin Rebels Launch Fresh Offensive \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/fighting-flares-as-chin-rebels-launch-fresh-offensive.html \|work=The Irrawaddy \|date=15 November 2024}}</ref> On 15 December, 123 junta troops and police officers from Mindat district and township police compounds, together with their families, surrendered to the CBA.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Over 100 Junta Troops Surrender in Mindat \|url=https://www.narinjara.com/news/detail/67659e00a1d7dc7ac286e691 \|work=Narinjara News \|date=16 December 2024 \|access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref> On 21 December, the CBA declared Mindat a junta-free zone following the capture of the town.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Mindat Declared Junta-Free After 42-Day Operation \|url=https://eng.mizzima.com/2024/12/25/17677 \|work=Mizzima News \|date=25 December 2024 \|access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref> The following day, neighboring [[Kanpetlet]] was peacefully captured after junta forces retreated, leading to the liberation of the entirety of southern Chin State.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Myanmar Junta Grip on Chin State Hangs by Thread \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/analysis/myanmar-junta-grip-on-chin-state-hangs-by-thread.html \|work=The Irrawaddy \|date=9 January 2025}}</ref> On 7 April 2025, the Chin Brotherhood captured IB 268, the last remaining junta outpost in Falam.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Chin Rebels Rout Myanmar Junta From Falam After Five-Month Battle \|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/chin-rebels-rout-myanmar-junta-from-falam-after-five-month-battle.html \|work=The Irrawaddy \|date=8 April 2025}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Military operations of the Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]	1,285,381,027	[{"title": "Operation Chin Brotherhood", "data": {"Date": "9 June 2024 - present", "Location": "Chin State, Myanmar", "Result": "Ongoing"}}, {"title": "Belligerents", "data": {"State Administration Council - Tatmadaw - Myanmar Army - Northwestern Command - Myanmar Police Force": "Chin Brotherhood Alliance \u00b7 - Arakan Army - People's Defence Force - Yaw Army"}}, {"title": "Commanders and leaders", "data": {"Unknown": "Unknown"}}, {"title": "Units involved", "data": {"Tatmadaw - Myanmar Army - Myanmar Police Force - Pyusawhti militia": "- Chinland Defense Force - Chin National Defence Force - Local PDFs"}}, {"title": "Strength", "data": {"400+": "Unknown"}}]	false
# Chuncheon Chuncheon (Korean: 춘천; Hanja: 春川市; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʰun.tɕʰʌn]; literally spring river), formerly romanized as Ch'unch'ŏn, is the capital of Gangwon Province, South Korea. The city lies in the north of the country, located in a basin formed by the Soyang River and Han River. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably Soyang Lake and Uiam Lake (or Uiam Dam). The area has small river islands, such as Sangjungdo, Ha-Jungdo, Bungeodo, and Wido. It is a popular destination among East Asian tourists as it was featured in the popular Korean drama Winter Sonata. It is where the resort island of Namiseom is located. Also, Gangwon Provincial Office is located in the city. ## History The area now occupied by the city was first settled several thousands of years ago, in prehistoric times, as demonstrated by stone-age archaeological evidence in the collections of Chuncheon National Museum and Hallym University Museum. In 637 AD the city was called Usooju. In 757 AD it was renamed Saku and again in 940 AD as Chunju (춘주; 春州) before receiving its current name in 1413. In 1896, Chuncheon became the capital city of Gangwon province. The city was largely destroyed during the Korean War in the Battle of Chuncheon. Uiam Dam on the Bukhan River was completed in 1967. In 1995 Chuncheon city was merged with the government of the surrounding Chuncheon county. ## Culture In the spring, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival is held, as well as the Spring Season Art Festival. In the summer, the Chuncheon Puppet Festival takes place. There is also a Makguksu festival; a cold noodle dish that originated in Chuncheon. Also celebrated in the summer is the International Animation Festival. The city has had its own annual marathon race since 1946; the Chuncheon Marathon is held every October. In winter, snow and ice festivals are organized. Currently, MAC Architects-Consultants Group Ltd. (명승건축그룹) is building the Design and Arts Arcadia of Myungseung in Chuncheon. According to the legend surrounding the temple Cheongpyeongsa in Chuncheon, a man loved a princess so much that he became a snake and would not leave her alone. When she begged leave to collect rice from the temple, the snake let her go but then went looking for her, only to be struck dead by lightning. The princess then buried him at the temple. ## Food The city was historically known as a chicken farming region, and is famous for "dak galbi", which translates as chicken ribs. It consists of chicken, sliced cabbage, sweet potatoes, tteok (rice cakes), and scallions, mixed with a spicy sauce heavy on gochujang. It is usually cooked in a big iron pan in the center of the table, but the original method is over charcoal. Despite the name, the dish is traditionally made from leg meat, not ribs. There is even a street in the city dedicated to restaurants serving the dish, with some 25 restaurants populating the area. Also, the regional specialty Makguksu noodles are famed throughout the country. ## Tourism ### Festivities #### Cultural festival Gim Yujeong munhakje is a literature festival that takes place in April every year in memorial of the novelist Gim Yujeong. Uiam jae is another festival in April in which people worship Nongae who sacrificed herself for the country. In May, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival gathers troupes from places including Denmark, Taiwan, Germany etc., to give theatre and dance performance. Chuncheon art festival in July provides performers with opportunities to show off their talents and skills. Chuncheon International Early Music Festival also takes place in July with a wide range of classical traditional music of Korea. Chuncheon Puppet Festival showcases traditional puppet shows every August while traditional theatre plays are performed on Chuncheon International Theatre Festival in September Chuncheon International AniTown Festival in September is a free event that enables participants to learn more about animation production. #### Local festivals In August, visitors can enjoy traditional Chuncheon cuisines like Dak-galbi (spicy stir-fried chicken) and Mak-guksu (buckwheat noodles) during the Chuncheon Dakgalbi & Makguksu Festival. The Soyang festival, which takes place in September, promotes the cultural history of the Soyang Dam. #### Leisure sports festival There are three marathons in Chuncheon every year. The National inlineskate Chuncheon Marathon takes place in April while The Chosun Ilbo Chuncheon Marathon and the Lakeside Chuncheon Marathon Festival are both held in October. People participate in Chuncheon Open International Taekwondo Championships in June to compete for championship in the Korean martial arts Taekwondo. Gangchon national MTB Challenge Competition September is a mountain bike racing festival. ### Legoland Korea Resort Legoland Korea Resort in Chuncheon covers 280,000 square meters, making it the 2nd largest in Asia behind Legoland Malaysia Resort. ## Economy Chuncheon is the market center for agricultural produce from the surrounding area. The main products are rice and soybeans. Since the 1960s light industry has become dominant in the city. After the huge success of the TV drama Winter Sonata, the city has also become a major "Korean Wave" (Han-ryu, 한류) tourist destination, attracting visitors from around East Asia. Legoland Korea on Jungdo Island opened on May 5, 2022, featuring seven clusters with different themes and 40 attractions. There are hydroelectric powerplants in the area around Chuncheon. The Soyang Dam is the largest sand gravel dam in East Asia. ## Population Per Korean census data, Chuncheon's population has grown steadily over the past half century. \| Year \| Pop. \| ±% \| \| -------------------------------------------------------------- \| ------- \| ----- \| \| 1965 \| 191,576 \| — \| \| 1970 \| 209,821 \| +9.5% \| \| 1975 \| 204,246 \| −2.7% \| \| 1980 \| 210,985 \| +3.3% \| \| 1985 \| 213,198 \| +1.0% \| \| 1990 \| 217,869 \| +2.2% \| \| 1995 \| 233,016 \| +7.0% \| \| 2000 \| 251,991 \| +8.1% \| \| 2005 \| 256,455 \| +1.8% \| \| 2010 \| 272,739 \| +6.3% \| \| 2015 \| 281,725 \| +3.3% \| \| 2020 \| 284,645 \| +1.0% \| \| Source: Statistics Korea (1965-2015), citypopulation.de (2020) \| \| \| ## Education National Universities - Kangwon National University - Chuncheon National University of Education - Korea National Open University Gangwon Campus - Korea Polytechnic 3 University Private Universities - Hallym University - Hallym Sungsim University - Songgok College ## Transportation As of June 2014, there are two train stations in the Chuncheon suburban area: the terminus of the Gyeongchun Line, Chuncheon station, and the busier Namchuncheon station. Gimyujeong, Baegyang-ri, Gulbongsan, and Gangchon stations, all located in rural Chuncheon, attract tourists. Gangchon is one of the most favorite recreational destinations for university students. The Gyeongchun Line is a double track rapid transit commuter train that connects to Yongsan, Cheongnyangni and Sangbong stations in Seoul. On 21 December 2010, a new realignment of the Gyeongchun Line was opened, and several new or transferable stations have since been opened to replace the existing stations outside Chuncheon, such as Cheonmasan, Sinnae, and Byeollae. There is the Gyeongchun Line subway in Chuncheon. If you use the Gyeongchun Line, you can get to Chuncheon in an hour and a half from Seoul. Chuncheon is the northern terminus of the publicly funded Jungang Expressway, and the main destination of the privately run Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway, also known as Gyeongchun Expressway that connects to Seoul and Hongcheon-east. As of 2017, the expressway has been extended to east coast city of Yangyang, thus renamed to Seoul-Yangyang Expressway. Chuncheon Bus Terminal connects to all major cities in mainland South Korea. On National roads-wise, Chuncheon is also the main strategic destination that connects between Changwon to Cheolwon of Route (Number) 5, Incheon to Goseong of 46, and Cheolwon to Yangyang of 56. There are also river transport facilities in Soyangho (Lake Soyang), which connects to Cheongpyeongsa (청평사, Buddhist) temple. ## Climate Chuncheon has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa) with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. The lowest measured temperature was −27.9 °C (−18 °F) (6 February 1969), and the highest was 39.5 °C (103 °F) (1 August 2018). The annual precipitation is an average of 1347.3 mm. \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| \| Month \| Jan \| Feb \| Mar \| Apr \| May \| Jun \| Jul \| Aug \| Sep \| Oct \| Nov \| Dec \| Year \| \| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| --------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| Record high °C (°F) \| 12.7 (54.9) \| 19.9 (67.8) \| 23.5 (74.3) \| 32.0 (89.6) \| 34.0 (93.2) \| 36.4 (97.5) \| 37.2 (99.0) \| 39.5 (103.1) \| 34.7 (94.5) \| 28.5 (83.3) \| 24.8 (76.6) \| 16.6 (61.9) \| 39.5 (103.1) \| \| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) \| 1.9 (35.4) \| 5.4 (41.7) \| 11.6 (52.9) \| 18.9 (66.0) \| 24.3 (75.7) \| 28.1 (82.6) \| 29.3 (84.7) \| 29.9 (85.8) \| 25.6 (78.1) \| 19.6 (67.3) \| 11.2 (52.2) \| 3.5 (38.3) \| 17.4 (63.3) \| \| Daily mean °C (°F) \| −4.1 (24.6) \| −1.0 (30.2) \| 5.0 (41.0) \| 11.7 (53.1) \| 17.6 (63.7) \| 22.2 (72.0) \| 24.9 (76.8) \| 25.0 (77.0) \| 19.8 (67.6) \| 12.7 (54.9) \| 5.3 (41.5) \| −2.0 (28.4) \| 11.4 (52.5) \| \| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) \| −9.3 (15.3) \| −6.7 (19.9) \| −1.1 (30.0) \| 4.7 (40.5) \| 11.3 (52.3) \| 17.0 (62.6) \| 21.3 (70.3) \| 21.3 (70.3) \| 15.3 (59.5) \| 7.5 (45.5) \| 0.4 (32.7) \| −6.6 (20.1) \| 6.3 (43.3) \| \| Record low °C (°F) \| −25.6 (−14.1) \| −27.9 (−18.2) \| −16.2 (2.8) \| −6.4 (20.5) \| 1.6 (34.9) \| 5.6 (42.1) \| 11.7 (53.1) \| 11.3 (52.3) \| 1.9 (35.4) \| −5.4 (22.3) \| −15.8 (3.6) \| −21.7 (−7.1) \| −27.9 (−18.2) \| \| Average precipitation mm (inches) \| 18.6 (0.73) \| 27.6 (1.09) \| 33.5 (1.32) \| 71.5 (2.81) \| 99.4 (3.91) \| 122.9 (4.84) \| 398.2 (15.68) \| 319.9 (12.59) \| 128.1 (5.04) \| 49.3 (1.94) \| 48.3 (1.90) \| 24.2 (0.95) \| 1,341.5 (52.81) \| \| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) \| 6.2 \| 5.9 \| 7.3 \| 8.3 \| 9.1 \| 9.9 \| 15.6 \| 14.0 \| 8.3 \| 6.0 \| 8.0 \| 7.5 \| 106.1 \| \| Average snowy days \| 8.8 \| 6.3 \| 3.9 \| 0.2 \| 0.0 \| 0.0 \| 0.0 \| 0.0 \| 0.0 \| 0.0 \| 1.8 \| 6.7 \| 27.7 \| \| Average relative humidity (%) \| 68.0 \| 63.2 \| 60.6 \| 58.8 \| 65.0 \| 70.6 \| 80.0 \| 80.5 \| 78.2 \| 76.2 \| 73.3 \| 71.5 \| 70.5 \| \| Mean monthly sunshine hours \| 170.0 \| 174.3 \| 199.9 \| 210.1 \| 227.5 \| 205.0 \| 144.2 \| 166.3 \| 173.3 \| 178.9 \| 141.8 \| 148.4 \| 2,139.7 \| \| Percentage possible sunshine \| 54.1 \| 56.6 \| 53.3 \| 54.5 \| 50.2 \| 45.3 \| 32.1 \| 40.1 \| 46.6 \| 50.0 \| 46.4 \| 50.0 \| 47.7 \| \| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration (snow and percent sunshine 1981–2010) \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| ## Sports - Chuncheon Songam Sports Town ### International competitions High1 (하이원) is an ice hockey team based in Chuncheon. The club was a member of the Asia League Ice Hockey between 2005 and 2019. ### Domestic competitions Chuncheon's association football club, Chuncheon FC, is a member of the K4 League, a semi-professional football competition and the fourth tier of the South Korean football league system. The club was founded on 27 February 2010 with its home at the Chuncheon Stadium. ## Notable people - Son Heung-Min (손흥민), South Korean professional footballer - Hwang Hee-chan (황희찬), South Korean professional footballer - Hur Jae (허재), South Korean basketball coach and former basketball player - Kim Jun-hyun (김준현), South Korean comedian - Park Bo-ram (박보람), South Korean singer-songwriter - Seunghee (Real Name: Hyun Seung-hee, 현승희), singer, dancer, actress and K-pop idol, member of K-pop girl group Oh My Girl - Yebin (Real Name: Baek Ye-bin, 백예빈), singer-songwriter, dancer, composer and K-pop idol, former member of K-pop girl groups DIA and Uni.T. - Changjo (Real Name: Choi Jong-hyun, 최종현), singer-songwriter, rapper, dancer, model, actor and K-pop idol, member of K-pop boy group Teen Top - Gim Yu-jeong (김유정), one of the novelists of Korea - Jin Jong-oh (진종오), a South Korean sports shooter who competed at the 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics - Han Seung-soo (한승수), the 39th prime minister of Rep. of Korea, tenure 2008–2009 - Minji (Real Name: Kim Min-ji, 김민지), singer-songwriter, dancer, and K-pop idol, member of K-pop girl group NewJeans ## Sister cities Chuncheon protested against the enactment of "Day of Takeshima" ordinance of Shimane Prefecture, which expressed dispute over the Dokdo Islands, and announced suspension of its sisterhood relationship with Kakamigahara in March 2005. \| City \| State \| Country \| Year launched \| Year terminated \| \| ----------------------- \| -------------------- \| ------------- \| ----------------- \| --------------- \| \| Higashichikuma District \| Nagano Prefecture \| Japan \| 8 June 1984 \| \| \| Hōfu \| Yamaguchi Prefecture \| Japan \| 29 October 1991 \| \| \| Dongdaemun District \| Seoul \| South Korea \| 2003 \| \| \| Ansan \| Gyeonggi Province \| South Korea \| 2011 \| \| \| Kakamigahara \| Gifu Prefecture \| Japan \| 31 October 2003 \| 25 June 2005 \| \| Addis Ababa \| Addis Ababa (State) \| Ethiopia \| 2 May 2004 \| \| \| Chicago \| Illinois \| United States \| 1998 \| \| \| Nanyang \| Henan \| China \| 15 September 2012 \| \|	enwiki/502379	enwiki	502,379	Chuncheon	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuncheon	2025-07-19T17:50:25Z	en	Q42148	232,922	{{Short description\|City in Gangwon, South Korea}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox settlement \| name = Chuncheon \| native_name = {{lang\|ko\|춘천}} \| settlement_type = [[Cities of South Korea\|Municipal City]] \| translit_lang1 = Korean \| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Hangul]] \| translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang\|ko\|춘천시}} \| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Hanja]] \| translit_lang1_info2 = {{lang\|ko\|春川市}} \| translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap\|Revised Romanization}} \| translit_lang1_info3 = Chuncheon-si \| translit_lang1_type4 = {{nowrap\|McCune–Reischauer}} \| translit_lang1_info4 = Ch'unch'ŏn-si \| image_skyline = {{multiple image \| caption_align = center \| border = infobox \| total_width = 300 \| perrow = 1/2/2/2 \| color = white \| image1 = 2016년 7월 22일 춘천시 전경 DSC03810.jpg \| caption1 = Panoramic view of Chuncheon \| image2 = Naminara Island.jpg \| caption2 = [[Namiseom]] \| image3 = KBS Chuncheon Broadcasting Branch Office-01.jpg \| caption3 = [[KBS ]] Chuncheon \| image4 = KangwonUniv Mirae.jpg \| caption4 = [[Kangwon National University]] \| image5 = 20231226 레고랜드코리아 정문 전경.jpg \| caption5 = [[Legoland Korea]] \| image6 = 국립춘천박물관 정면.jpg \| caption6 = [[Chuncheon National Museum]] \| image7 = Chuncheon City Hall 231207.jpg \| caption7 = Chuncheon City Hall }} \| image_map = Gangwon-Chuncheon.svg \| mapsize = \| map_caption = Location in South Korea \| subdivision_type = Country \| subdivision_name = [[South Korea]] \| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Korea\|Region]] \| subdivision_name1 = [[Yeongseo, Gwandong]] \| population_blank1_title = Dialect \| population_blank1 = [[Gangwon Province (South Korea)\|Gangwon]] \| area_total_km2 = 1,116.41 \| population_as_of = September 2024<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://jumin.mois.go.kr/\|title=Population statistics \|date=2024\|website=Korea Ministry of the Interior and Safety}}</ref> \| population_total = 286,124 \| population_density_km2 = 225 \| parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of South Korea\|Administrative divisions]] \| parts = 1 ''eup'', 9 ''myeon'', 15 ''dong'' \| coordinates = {{coord\|37\|52\|N\|127\|44\|E\|region:KR-42\|display=it}} \| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification\|Climate]] \| blank_info = [[Humid continental climate#Hot/warm summer subtype\|Dwa]] \| image_flag = Flag of Chuncheon.svg \| area_code = +82-33-2xx \| image_blank_emblem = Red star.svg \| blank_emblem_type = Badge \| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.chuncheon.go.kr/mayor/ \|title=chuncheon mayor \|date=2024\|website=chuncheon City }}</ref> \| leader_party = \| leader_title = Mayor \| leader_name = Yuk Dong-han ({{Korean\|hangul=육동한\|labels=no}}) \| leader_title1 = \| leader_name1 = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 --> }} [[File:Gangwon Provincial Office Annex (1).jpg\|thumb\|Gangwon Provincial Office Annex in Chuncheon]] '''Chuncheon''' ({{Korean\|hangul=춘천\|hanja=春川市}}; {{IPA\|ko\|tɕʰun.tɕʰʌn}}; literally ''spring river''), formerly romanized as '''Ch'unch'ŏn''', is the capital of [[Gangwon Province, South Korea]]. The city lies in the north of the country, located in a basin formed by the [[Soyang River]] and [[Han River (Korea)\|Han River]]. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably [[Soyang Lake]] and Uiam Lake (or [[Uiam Dam]]). The area has small river islands, such as Sangjungdo, Ha-Jungdo, Bungeodo, and Wido. It is a popular destination among East Asian tourists as it was featured in the popular Korean drama ''[[Winter Sonata]]''. It is where the resort island of [[Namiseom]] is located. Also, Gangwon Provincial Office is located in the city. ==History== The area now occupied by the city was first settled several thousands of years ago, in prehistoric times, as demonstrated by stone-age archaeological evidence in the collections of [[Chuncheon National Museum]] and [[Hallym University]] Museum. In 637 AD the city was called ''Usooju''. In 757 AD it was renamed ''Saku'' and again in 940 AD as ''Chunju'' ({{Korean\|labels=no\|춘주\|春州}}) before receiving its current name in 1413. In 1896, Chuncheon became the capital city of [[Gangwon (historical)\|Gangwon]] province. The city was largely destroyed during the [[Korean War]] in the [[Battle of Chuncheon]]. [[Uiam Dam]] on the Bukhan River was completed in 1967.<ref name="KimKongbogwan1978">{{cite book\|author1=Young-kwon Kim\|author2=Korea (South). Haeoe Kongbogwan\|author3=Soo-jung Lee\|title=A Handbook of Korea\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8IEJAQAAIAAJ\|access-date=10 June 2013\|year=1978\|publisher=Korean Overseas Information Service, Ministry of Culture and Information\|page=576}}</ref> In 1995 Chuncheon city was merged with the government of the surrounding Chuncheon county. ==Culture== In the spring, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival is held, as well as the Spring Season Art Festival. In the summer, the [[Chuncheon Puppet Festival]] takes place. There is also a [[Makguksu]] festival; a cold noodle dish that originated in Chuncheon. Also celebrated in the summer is the International Animation Festival. The city has had its own annual [[marathon]] race since 1946; the [[Chuncheon Marathon]] is held every October. In winter, snow and ice festivals are organized. Currently, MAC Architects-Consultants Group Ltd. ({{Korean\|명승건축그룹\|labels=no}}) is building the [[Design and Arts Arcadia of Myungseung]] in Chuncheon. According to the legend surrounding the temple [[Cheongpyeongsa]] in Chuncheon, a man loved a princess so much that he became a snake and would not leave her alone. When she begged leave to collect rice from the temple, the snake let her go but then went looking for her, only to be struck dead by lightning. The princess then buried him at the temple.<ref>Cin Woo Lee [http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/visit/33-beautiful-temples-enlightenment-857401 "Simply stunning: 33 incredible Korean temples"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417153903/http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/visit/33-beautiful-temples-enlightenment-857401 \|date=17 April 2012 }} ''CNN Go''. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012</ref> ==Food== The city was historically known as a chicken farming region, and is famous for "[[dak galbi]]", which translates as chicken ribs. It consists of chicken, sliced [[cabbage]], [[sweet potato]]es, ''[[tteok]]'' (rice cakes), and [[scallion]]s, mixed with a spicy sauce heavy on [[gochujang]]. It is usually cooked in a big iron pan in the center of the table, but the original method is over charcoal. Despite the name, the dish is traditionally made from leg meat, not ribs.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.hansik.org/zh/restaurant/recommendRestaurantView.do?fboardId=1077 \|title=Hansik.org \|access-date=9 November 2011 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402111658/http://www.hansik.org/zh/restaurant/recommendRestaurantView.do?fboardId=1077 \|archive-date=2 April 2012 }}</ref> There is even a street in the city dedicated to restaurants serving the dish, with some 25 restaurants populating the area.<ref>[http://english.tour2korea.com/03Sightseeing/DestinationsByThemes/Depth04.asp?sight=Sightseeing&sightseeing_id=456&ADDRESS_1=15741&ADDRESS_2=14794&ThemeCode=Sightseeing_17&kosm=m3_2 Chuncheon's Dakgalbi (spicy stir-fried chicken with vegetables)] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192627/http://english.tour2korea.com/03Sightseeing/DestinationsByThemes/Depth04.asp?sight=Sightseeing&sightseeing_id=456&ADDRESS_1=15741&ADDRESS_2=14794&ThemeCode=Sightseeing_17&kosm=m3_2 \|date=27 September 2007 }}, Tour2Korea.com, Retrieved on 14 April 2006</ref> Also, the regional specialty [[Makguksu]] noodles are famed throughout the country. ==Tourism== {{multiple issues\|section=yes \|{{travel guide\|section\|date=December 2018}} {{prose\|section\|date=December 2018}} }} ===Festivities=== ====Cultural festival==== [[Gim Yujeong]] munhakje is a literature festival that takes place in April every year in memorial of the novelist [[Gim Yujeong]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20105&cont_code=61&pmode=content_view \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508114607/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20105&cont_code=61&pmode=content_view \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Uiam jae is another festival in April in which people worship [[Nongae]] who sacrificed herself for the country.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20106 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508120413/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20106 \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> In May, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival gathers troupes from places including Denmark, Taiwan, Germany etc., to give theatre and dance performance.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20101 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508115358/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20101 \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Chuncheon art festival in July provides performers with opportunities to show off their talents and skills.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20107 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508114355/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20107 \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Chuncheon International Early Music Festival also takes place in July with a wide range of classical [[traditional music of Korea]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20112 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508124519/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20112 \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> [[Chuncheon Puppet Festival]] showcases traditional puppet shows every August while traditional theatre plays are performed on Chuncheon International Theatre Festival in September<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://citf.or.kr/english/\|title=CITF\|website=citf.or.kr\|access-date=24 April 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403142627/http://citf.or.kr/english/\|archive-date=3 April 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Chuncheon International AniTown Festival in September is a free event that enables participants to learn more about animation production.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://gimc.or.kr/hb/eng/\|title=GimC:Gangwon Information & Multimedia Corporation\|website=gimc.or.kr}}</ref> ====Local festivals==== In August, visitors can enjoy traditional Chuncheon cuisines like [[Dak-galbi]] (spicy stir-fried chicken) and [[Mak-guksu]] (buckwheat noodles) during the [[Dak-galbi\|Chuncheon]] Dakgalbi & Makguksu Festival.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mdfestival.com/ \|script-title=ko:2018 춘천막국수닭갈비축제\|website=Mdfestival.com}}</ref> The Soyang festival, which takes place in September, promotes the cultural history of the [[Soyang Dam]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20111 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508113824/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20111 \|archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> ====Leisure sports festival==== There are three marathons in Chuncheon every year. The National inlineskate Chuncheon Marathon takes place in April while The Chosun Ilbo Chuncheon Marathon<ref>{{cite web\|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr\|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20602\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325185844/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20602\|archive-date=25 March 2016\|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> and the Lakeside Chuncheon Marathon Festival<ref>{{cite web\|last=춘천호반마라톤대회\|first=2018 함기용 세계제패기념 제15회\|script-title=ko:2018 함기용 세계제패기념 제15회 춘천호반마라톤대회\|url=http://hoban.wizrun.com/\|website=hoban.wizrun.com}}</ref> are both held in October.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20603 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325190059/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20603 \|archive-date=25 March 2016 }}</ref> People participate in Chuncheon Open International Taekwondo Championships in June to compete for championship in the [[Korean martial arts]] [[Taekwondo]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.koreaopentkd.org/\|title=koreaopentkd.org\|website=Koreaopentkd.org}}</ref> Gangchon national MTB Challenge Competition September is a [[mountain bike racing]] festival.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20604 \|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr \|access-date=24 April 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325161400/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20604 \|archive-date=25 March 2016 }}</ref> ===Legoland Korea Resort=== {{Main\|Legoland Korea Resort}} [[File:20231226 레고랜드코리아 정문 전경.jpg\|thumb\|[[Legoland Korea]]]] Legoland Korea Resort in Chuncheon covers 280,000 square meters, making it the 2nd largest in Asia behind [[Legoland Malaysia Resort]].<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2021/09/28/business/industry/legoland-legoland-korea-resort-theme-park/20210928175752972.html \| title=Korea's own Legoland to open next May \| date=September 28, 2021 }}</ref> ==Economy== Chuncheon is the market center for agricultural produce from the surrounding area. The main products are rice and [[soybean]]s. Since the 1960s [[light industry]] has become dominant in the city. After the huge success of the TV drama ''[[Winter Sonata]]'', the city has also become a major "[[Korean Wave]]" (''Han-ryu'', {{lang\|ko\|한류}}) tourist destination, attracting visitors from around East Asia.<ref>[http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/sub02/sub02_06_05.html A promo page of Gangwon Drama Gallery] {{webarchive\|url=https://archive.today/20070927005743/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/sub02/sub02_06_05.html \|date=27 September 2007 }}, Chuncheon, 2005</ref> Legoland Korea on Jungdo Island opened on May 5, 2022, featuring seven clusters with different themes and 40 attractions.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Legoland Korea, a decade in the making, opens on Children's Day\|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/05/business/industry/korea-legoland-amusementpark/20220505181626787.html\|website=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]\|date = 5 May 2014\|access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> There are [[hydroelectric powerplant]]s in the area around Chuncheon. The [[Soyang Dam]] is the largest sand gravel dam in East Asia.<ref name="lifeinkorea">[http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Travel2/kangwon/366 Lake Soyang (Gangwon province)] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911082447/http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Travel2/kangwon/366 \|date=11 September 2007 }}</ref> ==Population== Per Korean census data, Chuncheon's population has grown steadily over the past half century. {{Historical populations \| 1965 \| 191,576 \| 1970 \| 209,821 \| 1975 \| 204,246 \| 1980 \| 210,985 \| 1985 \| 213,198 \| 1990 \| 217,869 \| 1995 \| 233,016 \| 2000 \| 251,991 \| 2005 \| 256,455 \| 2010 \| 272,739 \| 2015 \| 281,725 \| 2020 \| 284,645 \| align = none \| source = [[Statistics Korea]] (1965-2015),<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/index.action\|script-title=ko:통계청\|website=Kostat.go.kr\|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> citypopulation.de (2020)<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/southkorea/cities/ Chuncheon population statistics]</ref> }} ==Education== ;National Universities [[Kangwon National University]] [[Chuncheon National University of Education]] [[Korea National Open University]] Gangwon Campus Korea Polytechnic 3 University ;Private Universities [[Hallym University]] Hallym Sungsim University Songgok College ==Transportation== [[Image:춘천역.JPG\|200px\|thumb\|[[Chuncheon station]]]] As of June 2014, there are two train stations in the Chuncheon suburban area: the terminus of the [[Gyeongchun Line]], [[Chuncheon station]], and the busier [[Namchuncheon station]]. [[Gimyujeong station\|Gimyujeong]], [[Baegyang-ri station\|Baegyang-ri]], [[Gulbongsan station\|Gulbongsan]], and [[Gangchon station\|Gangchon]] stations, all located in rural Chuncheon, attract tourists. Gangchon is one of the most favorite recreational destinations for university students. The [[Gyeongchun Line]] is a [[double track]] [[rapid transit]] commuter train that connects to [[Yongsan station\|Yongsan]], [[Cheongnyangni station\|Cheongnyangni]] and [[Sangbong station\|Sangbong]] stations in [[Seoul]]. On 21 December 2010, a new realignment of the Gyeongchun Line was opened, and several new or transferable stations have since been opened to replace the existing stations outside Chuncheon, such as [[Cheonmasan station\|Cheonmasan]], [[Sinnae station\|Sinnae]], and [[Byeollae station\|Byeollae]]. There is the Gyeongchun Line subway in Chuncheon. If you use the Gyeongchun Line, you can get to Chuncheon in an hour and a half from Seoul. Chuncheon is the northern terminus of the [[Korea Expressway Corporation\|publicly funded]] [[Jungang Expressway]], and the main destination of the privately run [[Seoul–Yangyang Expressway\|Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway]], also known as Gyeongchun Expressway that connects to [[Seoul]] and [[Hongcheon]]-east.<ref>In contrast of private-owned Seoul-Chuncheon, The current line of Chuncheon Junction to East [[Hongcheon]] interchange is run by [[Korea Expressway Corporation\|KEC]], publicly.</ref> As of 2017, the expressway has been extended to east coast city of Yangyang, thus renamed to Seoul-Yangyang Expressway. Chuncheon Bus Terminal connects to all major cities in mainland South Korea. On [[National highways of South Korea\|National roads-wise]], Chuncheon is also the main strategic destination that connects between [[Changwon]] to [[Cheorwon County\|Cheolwon]] of Route (Number) 5, [[Incheon]] to [[Goseong County, Gangwon\|Goseong]] of [[National Route 46 (South Korea)\|46]], and [[Cheorwon County\|Cheolwon]] to [[Yangyang]] of 56. There are also river transport facilities in Soyangho (Lake Soyang), which connects to Cheongpyeongsa (청평사, Buddhist) temple.<ref name="lifeinkorea" /> ==Climate== Chuncheon has a monsoon-influenced [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification\|Köppen]]: ''Dwa'')<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/south-korea/gangwon-do/chuncheon-4141/?amp=true\|title=Chuncheon climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Chuncheon weather averages\|website=En.climate-data.org\|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. The lowest measured temperature was {{convert\|−27.9\|°C\|0}} (6 February 1969),<ref>[http://www.kma.go.kr/weather/climate/extreme_daily.jsp?type=min_temp&mm=13&x=34&y=5 전년 일최저기온 (°C) 최저순위, 지점:101 지명:춘천] Korea Meteorological Administration</ref> and the highest was {{convert\|39.5\|°C\|0}} (1 August 2018).<ref name= KMAextremes/> The annual precipitation is an average of 1347.3 mm. {{Weather box \| location = Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) \| metric first = Y \| single line = Y \| Jan record high C = 12.7 \| Feb record high C = 19.9 \| Mar record high C = 23.5 \| Apr record high C = 32.0 \| May record high C = 34.0 \| Jun record high C = 36.4 \| Jul record high C = 37.2 \| Aug record high C = 39.5 \| Sep record high C = 34.7 \| Oct record high C = 28.5 \| Nov record high C = 24.8 \| Dec record high C = 16.6 \| year record high C = 39.5 \| Jan high C = 1.9 \| Feb high C = 5.4 \| Mar high C = 11.6 \| Apr high C = 18.9 \| May high C = 24.3 \| Jun high C = 28.1 \| Jul high C = 29.3 \| Aug high C = 29.9 \| Sep high C = 25.6 \| Oct high C = 19.6 \| Nov high C = 11.2 \| Dec high C = 3.5 \| year high C = 17.4 \| Jan mean C = -4.1 \| Feb mean C = -1.0 \| Mar mean C = 5.0 \| Apr mean C = 11.7 \| May mean C = 17.6 \| Jun mean C = 22.2 \| Jul mean C = 24.9 \| Aug mean C = 25.0 \| Sep mean C = 19.8 \| Oct mean C = 12.7 \| Nov mean C = 5.3 \| Dec mean C = -2.0 \| year mean C = 11.4 \| Jan low C = -9.3 \| Feb low C = -6.7 \| Mar low C = -1.1 \| Apr low C = 4.7 \| May low C = 11.3 \| Jun low C = 17.0 \| Jul low C = 21.3 \| Aug low C = 21.3 \| Sep low C = 15.3 \| Oct low C = 7.5 \| Nov low C = 0.4 \| Dec low C = -6.6 \| year low C = 6.3 \| Jan record low C = -25.6 \| Feb record low C = -27.9 \| Mar record low C = -16.2 \| Apr record low C = -6.4 \| May record low C = 1.6 \| Jun record low C = 5.6 \| Jul record low C = 11.7 \| Aug record low C = 11.3 \| Sep record low C = 1.9 \| Oct record low C = -5.4 \| Nov record low C = -15.8 \| Dec record low C = -21.7 \| year record low C = -27.9 \| precipitation colour = green \| Jan precipitation mm = 18.6 \| Feb precipitation mm = 27.6 \| Mar precipitation mm = 33.5 \| Apr precipitation mm = 71.5 \| May precipitation mm = 99.4 \| Jun precipitation mm = 122.9 \| Jul precipitation mm = 398.2 \| Aug precipitation mm = 319.9 \| Sep precipitation mm = 128.1 \| Oct precipitation mm = 49.3 \| Nov precipitation mm = 48.3 \| Dec precipitation mm = 24.2 \| year precipitation mm = 1341.5 \| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm \| Jan precipitation days = 6.2 \| Feb precipitation days = 5.9 \| Mar precipitation days = 7.3 \| Apr precipitation days = 8.3 \| May precipitation days = 9.1 \| Jun precipitation days = 9.9 \| Jul precipitation days = 15.6 \| Aug precipitation days = 14.0 \| Sep precipitation days = 8.3 \| Oct precipitation days = 6.0 \| Nov precipitation days = 8.0 \| Dec precipitation days = 7.5 \| year precipitation days = \| Jan snow days = 8.8 \| Feb snow days = 6.3 \| Mar snow days = 3.9 \| Apr snow days = 0.2 \| May snow days = 0.0 \| Jun snow days = 0.0 \| Jul snow days = 0.0 \| Aug snow days = 0.0 \| Sep snow days = 0.0 \| Oct snow days = 0.0 \| Nov snow days = 1.8 \| Dec snow days = 6.7 \| year snow days = 27.7 \| Jan humidity = 68.0 \| Feb humidity = 63.2 \| Mar humidity = 60.6 \| Apr humidity = 58.8 \| May humidity = 65.0 \| Jun humidity = 70.6 \| Jul humidity = 80.0 \| Aug humidity = 80.5 \| Sep humidity = 78.2 \| Oct humidity = 76.2 \| Nov humidity = 73.3 \| Dec humidity = 71.5 \| year humidity = 70.5 \| Jan sun = 170.0 \| Feb sun = 174.3 \| Mar sun = 199.9 \| Apr sun = 210.1 \| May sun = 227.5 \| Jun sun = 205.0 \| Jul sun = 144.2 \| Aug sun = 166.3 \| Sep sun = 173.3 \| Oct sun = 178.9 \| Nov sun = 141.8 \| Dec sun = 148.4 \| year sun = 2139.7 \| Jan percentsun = 54.1 \| Feb percentsun = 56.6 \| Mar percentsun = 53.3 \| Apr percentsun = 54.5 \| May percentsun = 50.2 \| Jun percentsun = 45.3 \| Jul percentsun = 32.1 \| Aug percentsun = 40.1 \| Sep percentsun = 46.6 \| Oct percentsun = 50.0 \| Nov percentsun = 46.4 \| Dec percentsun = 50.0 \| year percentsun = 47.7 \| source = [[Korea Meteorological Administration]] (snow and percent sunshine 1981–2010)<ref name= KMA> {{cite web \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129211110/https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf \| archive-date = 29 January 2022 \| url = https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf \| title = Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020) \| publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration \| access-date = 4 April 2022 \| pages = II-19, II-20, II-453 \| language = ko}}</ref><ref name= KMAextremes> {{cite web \| url = https://data.kma.go.kr/climate/extremum/selectExtremumList.do?pgmNo=103 \| publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration \| access-date = 10 October 2021 \| script-title = ko:순위값 - 구역별조회 \| language = ko}}</ref><ref name= KMAnormals> {{cite web \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161207185450/http://www.kma.go.kr/down/Climatological_2010.pdf \| archive-date = 7 December 2016 \| url = http://www.kma.go.kr/down/Climatological_2010.pdf \| publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration \| access-date = 7 December 2016 \| title = Climatological Normals of Korea \| date = 2011 \| page = 499 and 649}}</ref> }} ==Sports== [[Chuncheon Songam Sports Town]] ===International competitions=== [[High1]] ({{Korean\|hangul=하이원\|labels=no}}) is an ice hockey team based in Chuncheon. The club was a member of the [[Asia League Ice Hockey]] between 2005 and 2019. ===Domestic competitions=== Chuncheon's association football club, [[Chuncheon FC]], is a member of the [[K4 League]], a semi-professional football competition and the fourth tier of the [[South Korean football league system]]. The club was founded on 27 February 2010 with its home at the [[Chuncheon Stadium]]. ==Notable people== * [[Son Heung-Min]] ({{Korean\|hangul=손흥민\|labels=no}}), South Korean [[professional soccer\|professional footballer]] * [[Hwang Hee-chan]] ({{Korean\|hangul=황희찬\|labels=no}}), South Korean [[professional soccer\|professional footballer]] * [[Hur Jae]] ({{Korean\|hangul=허재\|labels=no}}), South Korean [[basketball coach]] and former [[basketball player]] * [[Kim Jun-hyun (comedian)\|Kim Jun-hyun]] ({{Korean\|hangul=김준현\|labels=no}}), South Korean comedian * [[Park Bo-ram]] ({{Korean\|hangul=박보람\|labels=no}}), South Korean singer-songwriter * [[Seunghee]] (Real Name: ''Hyun Seung-hee'', {{Korean\|hangul=현승희\|labels=no}}), singer, dancer, actress and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup\|girl group]] [[Oh My Girl]] * [[Yebin (singer)\|Yebin]] (Real Name: ''Baek Ye-bin'', {{Korean\|hangul=백예빈\|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, dancer, composer and [[K-pop idol]], former member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup\|girl groups]] [[DIA (group)\|DIA]] and [[Uni.T]]. * * [[Changjo]] (Real Name: ''Choi Jong-hyun'', {{Korean\|hangul=최종현\|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, rapper, dancer, model, actor and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[boygroup\|boy group]] [[Teen Top]] [[Gim Yujeong\|Gim Yu-jeong]] ({{Korean\|hangul=김유정\|labels=no}}), one of the [[novelist]]s of Korea [[Jin Jong-oh]] ({{Korean\|hangul=진종오\|labels=no}}), a South Korean [[Shooting sports\|sports shooter]] who competed at the [[2004 Summer Olympics\|2004]], [[2008 Summer Olympics\|2008]], [[2012 Summer Olympics\|2012]] and [[2016 Summer Olympics]] [[Han Seung-soo]] ({{Korean\|hangul=한승수\|labels=no}}), the 39th prime minister of Rep. of Korea, tenure 2008–2009 [[Minji (singer)\|Minji]] (Real Name: ''Kim Min-ji'', {{Korean\|hangul=김민지\|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, dancer, and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup\|girl group]] [[NewJeans]] ==Sister cities== Chuncheon protested against the enactment of "Day of [[Liancourt Rocks\|Takeshima]]" ordinance of [[Shimane Prefecture]], which expressed dispute over the [[Dokdo]] Islands, and announced suspension of its sisterhood relationship with [[Kakamigahara]] in March 2005.<ref>{{cite web \|publisher=Kyodo News \|date=18 March 2005 \|url=http://www.47news.jp/CN/200503/CN2005031801005534.html \|language=ja \|script-title=ja:冬ソナ・春川市も交流中断姉妹関係の各務原市などと) \|access-date=16 February 2008 \|archive-date=17 July 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717092115/http://www.47news.jp/CN/200503/CN2005031801005534.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref> {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%; background:#FFFFEF; float:left;" \|- ! City ! State ! Country ! Year launched ! Year terminated \|- \| [[Higashichikuma District]] \| {{flag\|Nagano Prefecture}} \| {{flagu\|Japan}} \| 8 June 1984 \| \|- \| [[Hōfu, Yamaguchi\|Hōfu]] \| {{flag\|Yamaguchi Prefecture}} \| {{flagu\|Japan}} \| 29 October 1991 \| \|- \| [[Dongdaemun District]] \| [[Seoul]] \| {{flagu\|South Korea}} \| 2003 \| \|- \| [[Ansan]] \| [[Gyeonggi Province]] \| {{flagu\|South Korea}} \| 2011 \| \|- \| [[Kakamigahara]] \| {{flag\|Gifu Prefecture}} \| {{flagu\|Japan}} \| 31 October 2003 \| 25 June 2005 \|- \| [[Addis Ababa]] \| Addis Ababa (State) \| {{flagu\|Ethiopia}} \| 2 May 2004 \| \|- \| [[Chicago]] \| {{flag\|Illinois}} \| {{flag\|United States}} \| 1998 \|- \| [[Nanyang, Henan\|Nanyang]] \| [[Henan]] \| {{flagicon\|PRC}} China \| 15 September 2012 \| \|} {{clear}} ==See also== * [[List of cities in South Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category\|Chuncheon}} * {{wikivoyage inline\|Chuncheon}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005735/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/index.asp Official Homepage of Chuncheon] {{in lang\|en}} {{Gangwon}} {{Metropolitan cities of South Korea}} {{Most populous cities in South Korea}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Chuncheon\| ]] [[Category:Cities in Gangwon Province, South Korea]]	1,301,411,822	[{"title": "Korean transcription(s)", "data": {"\u2022 Hangul": "\ucd98\ucc9c\uc2dc", "\u2022 Hanja": "\u6625\u5ddd\u5e02", "\u2022 Revised Romanization": "Chuncheon-si", "\u2022 McCune\u2013Reischauer": "Ch'unch'\u014fn-si", "Korean transcription(s)": ["Panoramic view of ChuncheonNamiseomKBS ChuncheonKangwon National UniversityLegoland KoreaChuncheon National MuseumChuncheon City Hall", "FlagBadge", "Location in South Korea", "Coordinates: 37\u00b052\u2032N 127\u00b044\u2032E\ufeff / \ufeff37.867\u00b0N 127.733\u00b0E"], "Country": "South Korea", "Region": "Yeongseo, Gwandong", "Administrative divisions": "1 eup, 9 myeon, 15 dong"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor": "Yuk Dong-han (\uc721\ub3d9\ud55c)"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "1,116.41 km2 (431.05 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (September 2024)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "286,124", "\u2022 Density": "225/km2 (580/sq mi)", "\u2022 Dialect": "Gangwon", "Area code": "+82-33-2xx", "Climate": "Dwa"}}]	false
# Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 Sweden was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 with the song "Bara hon älskar mig", written by Stephan Berg, and performed by Blond. The Swedish participating broadcaster, Sveriges Television (SVT), selected its entry through Melodifestivalen 1997. ## Before Eurovision ### Melodifestivalen1997 Melodifestivalen 1997 was the selection for the 37th song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 36th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 1,229 songs were submitted to Sveriges Television (SVT) for the competition. The final was held in the SVT Studios in Gothenburg on 8 March 1997, presented by Jan Jingryd and was broadcast on SVT2 and Sveriges Radio's P3 network. The show was watched by 2,965,000 people. The winner was chosen by 11 regional juries, being "Bara hon älskar mig" performed by Blond. It was written and composed by Stephan Berg. \| Draw \| Artist \| Song \| Songwriter(s) \| Points \| Place \| \| ---- \| ----------------- \| -------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------ \| ------ \| ----- \| \| 1 \| Monia Sjöström \| "Nu idag" \| Lasse Sahlin, Peter Karlsson \| 11 \| 11 \| \| 2 \| Photogenique \| "Nattens änglar" \| Jonas Berggren \| 0 \| 12 \| \| 3 \| Robert Randqvist \| "Hand i hand" \| Martin Klaman, Björn Johansson, Maurizio Sorrone \| 55 \| 5 \| \| 4 \| N-Mix \| "Där en ängel hälsat på" \| Pernilla Emme Alexandersson, Per Andréasson \| 68 \| 2 \| \| 5 \| Jim Jidhed \| "Charlie" \| John Ekedahl, Jim Jidhed \| 12 \| 10 \| \| 6 \| Nick Borgen \| "World Wide Web" \| Nick Borgen \| 26 \| 9 \| \| 7 \| Andreas Lundstedt \| "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" \| Alexander Bard, Ola Håkansson, Tim Norell \| 32 \| 7 \| \| 8 \| Garmarna \| "En gång ska han gråta" \| Py Bäckman, Mats Wester \| 28 \| 8 \| \| 9 \| B.I.G. \| "Jag skall aldrig lämna dig" \| Peo Thyrén, Richard Evenlind, Stefan Almqvist \| 40 \| 6 \| \| 10 \| Wille Crafoord \| "Missarna" \| Wille Crafoord \| 65 \| 3 \| \| 11 \| Cajsalisa Ejemyr \| "Du gör mig hel igen" \| Robin Carlsson, Ulf Lindström, Johan Ekhé \| 56 \| 4 \| \| 12 \| Blond \| "Bara hon älskar mig" \| Stephan Berg \| 80 \| 1 \| \| Song \| Luleå \| Umeå \| Sundsvall \| Falun \| Örebro \| Karlstad \| Gothenburg \| Malmö \| Växjö \| Norrköping \| Stockholm \| Total \| \| -------------------------------- \| ----- \| ---- \| --------- \| ----- \| ------ \| -------- \| ---------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ---------- \| --------- \| ----- \| \| "Nu idag" \| \| \| \| 6 \| 1 \| \| \| 4 \| \| \| \| 11 \| \| "Nattens änglar" \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| 0 \| \| "Hand i hand" \| \| 4 \| 10 \| 2 \| 2 \| 12 \| 2 \| 12 \| 4 \| 6 \| 1 \| 55 \| \| "Där en ängel hälsat på" \| 8 \| 12 \| 1 \| \| \| 10 \| 1 \| 8 \| 12 \| 4 \| 12 \| 68 \| \| "Charlie" \| \| \| \| 1 \| \| \| 10 \| 1 \| \| \| \| 12 \| \| "World Wide Web" \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| 6 \| 1 \| 6 \| \| 1 \| 2 \| 8 \| 26 \| \| "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" \| 4 \| \| \| 4 \| 4 \| 2 \| \| \| 2 \| 10 \| 6 \| 32 \| \| "En gång ska han gråta" \| \| 6 \| 8 \| \| \| \| \| \| \| 12 \| 2 \| 28 \| \| "Jag ska aldrig lämna dig" \| 2 \| 2 \| 4 \| 8 \| \| 4 \| 8 \| 2 \| 10 \| \| \| 40 \| \| "Missarna" \| 12 \| 10 \| 6 \| 10 \| 12 \| \| \| 6 \| 8 \| 1 \| \| 65 \| \| "Du gör mig hel igen" \| 10 \| \| 2 \| 12 \| 8 \| 8 \| 4 \| \| \| 8 \| 4 \| 56 \| \| "Bara hon älskar mig" \| 6 \| 8 \| 12 \| \| 10 \| 6 \| 12 \| 10 \| 6 \| \| 10 \| 80 \| ## At Eurovision Blond performed 16th on the night of the contest and received 36 points, placing 14th. ### Voting \| Score \| Country \| \| --------- \| -------------------- \| \| 12 points \| \| \| 10 points \| \| \| 8 points \| Norway \| \| 7 points \| United Kingdom \| \| 6 points \| - Denmark - Slovenia \| \| 5 points \| Ireland \| \| 4 points \| Iceland \| \| 3 points \| \| \| 2 points \| \| \| 1 point \| \| \| Score \| Country \| \| --------- \| ---------------------- \| \| 12 points \| United Kingdom \| \| 10 points \| Ireland \| \| 8 points \| Iceland \| \| 7 points \| Denmark \| \| 6 points \| Turkey \| \| 5 points \| Croatia \| \| 4 points \| Bosnia and Herzegovina \| \| 3 points \| Italy \| \| 2 points \| France \| \| 1 point \| Estonia \|	enwiki/13594823	enwiki	13,594,823	Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1997	2025-05-02T13:25:41Z	en	Q7654452	122,147	{{Short description\|none}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2019}} {{More citations needed\|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox song contest national year \| Year = 1997 \| Broadcaster = {{lang\|sv\|[[Sveriges Television]]\|i=no}} (SVT) \| Country = Sweden \| Selection process = {{lang\|sv\|[[Melodifestivalen]]\|i=no}} 1997 \| Selection date = 8 March 1997 \| Song = {{lang\|sv\|Bara hon älskar mig\|i=no}} \| Artist = Blond \| Writer = [[Stephan Berg]] \| writer_single = y \| Final result = 14th, 36 points }} Sweden was represented at the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1997]] with the song "{{lang\|sv\|Bara hon älskar mig\|i=no}}", written by [[Stephan Berg]], and performed by Blond. The Swedish participating broadcaster, {{lang\|sv\|[[Sveriges Television]]\|i=no}} (SVT), selected its entry through {{lang\|sv\|[[Melodifestivalen]]\|i=no}} 1997. ==Before Eurovision== {{unreferenced\|section\|date=May 2025}} === {{lang\|sv\|Melodifestivalen\|i=no}} 1997 === {{lang\|sv\|[[Melodifestivalen]]\|i=no}} 1997 was the selection for the 37th song to represent {{esccnty\|Sweden}} at the [[Eurovision Song Contest]]. It was the 36th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 1,229 songs were submitted to {{lang\|sv\|[[Sveriges Television]]\|i=no}} (SVT) for the competition. The final was held in the SVT Studios in [[Gothenburg]] on 8 March 1997, presented by [[Jan Jingryd]] and was broadcast on [[SVT2]] and [[Sveriges Radio]]'s [[Sveriges Radio P3\|P3]] network. The show was watched by 2,965,000 people. The winner was chosen by 11 regional juries, being "Bara hon älskar mig" performed by Blond. It was written and composed by [[Stephan Berg]]. {\| class="sortable wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center" \|+ Final – 8 March 1997 \|- ! Draw ! Artist ! Song ! Songwriter(s) ! Points ! Place \|- \| 1 \| align="left" \| [[Monia Sjöström]] \| align="left" \| "Nu idag" \| align="left" \| Lasse Sahlin, Peter Karlsson \| 11 \| 11 \|- \| 2 \| align="left" \| Photogenique \| align="left" \| "Nattens änglar" \| align="left" \| [[Jonas Berggren]] \| 0 \| 12 \|- \| 3 \| align="left" \| Robert Randqvist \| align="left" \| "Hand i hand" \| align="left" \| Martin Klaman, Björn Johansson, Maurizio Sorrone \| 55 \| 5 \|- \| 4 \| align="left" \| N-Mix \| align="left" \| "Där en ängel hälsat på" \| align="left" \| Pernilla Emme Alexandersson, Per Andréasson \| 68 \| 2 \|- \| 5 \| align="left" \| [[Jim Jidhed]] \| align="left" \| "Charlie" \| align="left" \| John Ekedahl, [[Jim Jidhed]] \| 12 \| 10 \|- \| 6 \| align="left" \| [[Nick Borgen]] \| align="left" \| "World Wide Web" \| align="left" \| [[Nick Borgen]] \| 26 \| 9 \|- \| 7 \| align="left" \| [[Andreas Lundstedt]] \| align="left" \| "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" \| align="left" \| [[Alexander Bard]], [[Ola Håkansson]], Tim Norell \| 32 \| 7 \|- \| 8 \| align="left" \| [[Garmarna]] \| align="left" \| "En gång ska han gråta" \| align="left" \| [[Py Bäckman]], [[Mats Wester]] \| 28 \| 8 \|- \| 9 \| align="left" \| B.I.G. \| align="left" \| "Jag skall aldrig lämna dig" \| align="left" \| Peo Thyrén, Richard Evenlind, Stefan Almqvist \| 40 \| 6 \|- \| 10 \| align="left" \| [[Wille Crafoord]] \| align="left" \| "Missarna" \| align="left" \| [[Wille Crafoord]] \| 65 \| 3 \|- \| 11 \| align="left" \| [[Cajsalisa Ejemyr]] \| align="left" \| "[[Du gör mig hel igen]]" \| align="left" \| [[Robyn\|Robin Carlsson]], Ulf Lindström, Johan Ekhé \| 56 \| 4 \|- style="font-weight:bold; background: gold;" \| 12 \| align="left" \| Blond \| align="left" \| "Bara hon älskar mig" \| align="left" \| [[Stephan Berg]] \| 80 \| 1 \|} {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center;" \|- \|+ Detailed Regional Jury Voting \|- ! scope="col" \| Song ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Luleå}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Umeå}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Sundsvall}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Falun}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Örebro}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Karlstad}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Gothenburg}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Malmö}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Växjö}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Norrköping}} ! scope="col" {{vert header\|nb=1\|Stockholm}} ! scope="col" \| Total \|---- \| align="left" \| "Nu idag" \| \|\| \|\| \|\| 6 \|\| 1 \|\| \|\| \|\| 4 \|\| \|\| \|\| \| 11 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Nattens änglar" \| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \| 0 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Hand i hand" \| \|\| 4 \|\| 10 \|\| 2 \|\| 2 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 2 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 4 \|\| 6 \|\| 1 \| 55 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Där en ängel hälsat på" \| 8 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 1 \|\| \|\| \|\| 10 \|\| 1 \|\| 8 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 4 \|\| '''12''' \| 68 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Charlie" \| \|\| \|\| \|\| 1 \|\| \|\| \|\| 10 \|\| 1 \|\| \|\| \|\| \| 12 \|---- \| align="left" \| "World Wide Web" \| 1 \|\| 1 \|\| \|\| \|\| 6 \|\| 1 \|\| 6 \|\| \|\| 1 \|\| 2 \|\| 8 \| 26 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" \| 4 \|\| \|\| \|\| 4 \|\| 4 \|\| 2 \|\| \|\| \|\| 2 \|\| 10 \|\| 6 \| 32 \|---- \| align="left" \| "En gång ska han gråta" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 8 \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| '''12''' \|\| 2 \| 28 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Jag ska aldrig lämna dig" \| 2 \|\| 2 \|\| 4 \|\| 8 \|\| \|\| 4 \|\| 8 \|\| 2 \|\| 10 \|\| \|\| \| 40 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Missarna" \| '''12''' \|\| 10 \|\| 6 \|\| 10 \|\| '''12''' \|\| \|\| \|\| 6 \|\| 8 \|\| 1 \|\| \| 65 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Du gör mig hel igen" \| 10 \|\| \|\| 2 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 8 \|\| 8 \|\| 4 \|\| \|\| \|\| 8 \|\| 4 \| 56 \|---- \| align="left" \| "Bara hon älskar mig" \| 6 \|\| 8 \|\| '''12''' \|\| \|\| 10 \|\| 6 \|\| '''12''' \|\| 10 \|\| 6 \|\| \|\| 10 \| '''80''' \|} == At Eurovision == Blond performed 16th on the night of the contest and received 36 points, placing 14th.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Final of Dublin 1997 \|url=https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final \|publisher=European Broadcasting Union \|access-date=14 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414084557/https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final \|archive-date=14 April 2021 \|url-status=live}}</ref> === Voting === {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {\| class="wikitable" \|- \|+ Points awarded to Sweden<ref name="1997detailed">{{cite web \|title=Results of the Final of Dublin 1997 \|url=https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final/results/sweden \|publisher=European Broadcasting Union \|access-date=14 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414114207/https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final/results/sweden \|archive-date=14 April 2021 \|url-status=live}}</ref> \|- ! scope="col" width="20%" \| Score ! scope="col" \| Country \|- ! scope="row" \| 12 points \| \|- ! scope="row" \| 10 points \| \|- ! scope="row" \| 8 points \| {{Esc\|Norway\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 7 points \| {{Esc\|United Kingdom\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 6 points \| {{Unbulleted list\|{{Esc\|Denmark\|y=1997}}\|{{Esc\|Slovenia\|y=1997}}}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 5 points \| {{Esc\|Ireland\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 4 points \| {{Esc\|Iceland\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 3 points \| \|- ! scope="row" \| 2 points \| \|- ! scope="row" \| 1 point \| \|} {{col-2}} {\| class="wikitable" \|- \|+ Points awarded by Sweden<ref name="1997detailed" /> \|- ! scope="col" width="20%" \| Score ! scope="col" \| Country \|- ! scope="row" style="background:gold" \| 12 points \| {{Esc\|United Kingdom\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" style="background:silver" \| 10 points \| {{Esc\|Ireland\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" style="background:#CC9966" \| 8 points \| {{Esc\|Iceland\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 7 points \| {{Esc\|Denmark\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 6 points \| {{Esc\|Turkey\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 5 points \| {{Esc\|Croatia\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 4 points \| {{Esc\|Bosnia and Herzegovina\|1992\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 3 points \| {{Esc\|Italy\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 2 points \| {{Esc\|France\|y=1997}} \|- ! scope="row" \| 1 point \| {{Esc\|Estonia\|y=1997}} \|} {{col-end}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150531051245/http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1857920/melodifestivalen-melodifestivalen-1997 Melodifestivalen 1997] on {{ill\|Öppet arkiv\|sv}} {{Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest}} {{Eurovision Song Contest 1997}} [[Category:Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest\|1997]] [[Category:Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997]] [[Category:1997 in Swedish music\|Eurovision]] [[Category:1997 in Swedish television\|Eurovision]]	1,288,412,891	[{"title": "Sweden in the \u00b7 Eurovision Song Contest 1997", "data": {"Participating broadcaster": "Sveriges Television (SVT)", "Country": "Sweden", "Selection process": "Melodifestivalen 1997", "Selection date": "8 March 1997"}}, {"title": "Competing entry", "data": {"Song": "\"Bara hon \u00e4lskar mig\"", "Artist": "Blond", "Songwriter": "Stephan Berg"}}, {"title": "Placement", "data": {"Final result": "14th, 36 points"}}, {"title": "Participation chronology", "data": {"\u25c41996 \u2022": "1997 \u00b7 \u2022 1998\u25ba"}}]	false
# Reflections (Shah) Reflections by Idries Shah is a collection of eighty fables, aphorisms, and statements that seek to challenge the conditioned mind. The book intends to confront the reader with unaccustomed perspectives and ideas, in an attempt to set the mind free, to see how things really are. As the book's foreword states, "Do you imagine that fables exist only to amuse or to instruct, and are based upon fiction? The best ones are delineations of what happens in real life, in the community and in the individual's mental processes." ## Content Reflections is a collection of a foreword and eighty brief literary pieces which were designed for reflection. Many are as brief as this example: History is not usually what has happened. History is what some people have thought to be significant. ## Reception This small, pocket-sized book was well received by critics. In her review in The Observer, author Doris Lessing called Reflections "... a lively collection of fables, comments, aphorisms, its quality astringency." The New York Times Book Review called it "... witty, tart and instructional – they tend to come into your mind at appropriate moments." Pat Williams, reviewing for BBC's Review of the Year, stated that Reflections was "Very funny ... more wisdom than I have found in any other book this year. I found myself sitting up straight."	enwiki/37218238	enwiki	37,218,238	Reflections (Shah)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflections_(Shah)	2024-08-04T02:02:00Z	en	Q7307280	24,825	{{Short description\|1968 book by Idries Shah}} {{use dmy dates\|date=June 2024}} {{infobox book \| name = ''Reflections'' \| author = [[Idries Shah]] \| language = English \| country = United Kingdom \| genre = Eastern philosophy and culture. Sufism. Psychology. \| published = 1968 \| publisher = Zenith Books \| isbn = 978-0-900860-00-3 \| oclc = 29632 \| title_orig = \| translator = \| image = File:Reflections cover, ISF Publishing edition.png \| image_size = \| caption = 2015 edition book cover \| cover_artist = \| series = \| media_type = Print \| pages = 104pp \| preceded_by =[[Caravan of Dreams]] \| followed_by =[[The Way of the Sufi]] }} '''''Reflections''''' by [[Idries Shah]] is a collection of eighty fables, aphorisms, and statements that seek to challenge the conditioned mind. The book intends to confront the reader with unaccustomed perspectives and ideas, in an attempt to set the mind free, to see how things really are.<ref>{{cite web \| date=15 September 2011 \| title=Reflections by Idries Shah: {{text\|ISBN:}}0 900860 07 3 \| url=http://www.octagonpress.com/titles/books/refl.htm \| website=octagonpress.com \| publisher=Octagon Press \| access-date=4 October 2012 \| url-status=dead \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807161507/http://www.octagonpress.com/titles/books/refl.htm \| archive-date=7 August 2012}}</ref> As the book's foreword states, "Do you imagine that fables exist only to amuse or to instruct, and are based upon fiction? The best ones are delineations of what happens in real life, in the community and in the individual's mental processes."<ref>{{cite book \| last=Shah \| first=Idries \| title=Reflections \| year=1983 \| publisher=Octagon Press \| location=London \| isbn=978-0-900860-07-2 \| pages=[https://archive.org/details/reflections00idri/page/4 4] \| url-access=registration \| url=https://archive.org/details/reflections00idri/page/4}}</ref> == Content == ''Reflections'' is a collection of a foreword and eighty brief literary pieces which were designed for reflection. Many are as brief as this example: {{Quotation\|History is not usually what has happened. History is what some people have thought to be significant.}} == Reception == This small, pocket-sized book was well received by critics. In her review in ''The Observer'', author [[Doris Lessing]] called ''Reflections'' "... a lively collection of fables, comments, aphorisms, its quality astringency."<ref name=Observer>{{cite news \| last=Lessing \| first=Doris \| newspaper=The Observer \| title=Some kind of a cake \| date=January 19, 1969}}</ref> The ''New York Times Book Review'' called it "... witty, tart and instructional – they tend to come into your mind at appropriate moments."<ref name=NYT>{{cite news \| last=Lessing \| first=Doris \| newspaper=New York Times Book Review \| title=What looks like an egg and is an egg \| date=May 7, 1972}}</ref> Pat Williams, reviewing for BBC's Review of the Year, stated that ''Reflections'' was "Very funny ... more wisdom than I have found in any other book this year. I found myself sitting up straight." == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == [http://www.idriesshahfoundation.org/ The Idries Shah Foundation] [http://www.idriesshahfoundation.org/books/reflections/ Free Online Read and Audiobook] [[Category:1968 books]] [[Category:Sufi literature]] [[Category:Books by Idries Shah]] [[Category:Contemporary philosophical literature]]	1,238,474,254	[{"title": "Reflections", "data": {"Author": "Idries Shah", "Language": "English", "Genre": "Eastern philosophy and culture. Sufism. Psychology.", "Published": "1968", "Publisher": "Zenith Books", "Publication place": "United Kingdom", "Media type": "Print", "Pages": "104pp", "ISBN": "978-0-900860-00-3", "OCLC": "29632", "Preceded by": "Caravan of Dreams", "Followed by": "The Way of the Sufi"}}]	false
# Shireen Mazari Shireen Mehrunnisa Mazari (Urdu: شیریں مہر النساء مزاری) is a former Pakistani politician who served the Federal Minister for Human Rights, from 20 August 2018 to 10 April 2022. She is the chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on Appointment of Chief Election Commissioner and Members of the Election Commission of Pakistan. She has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since August 2018, and served as a chief whip for Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. Previously, she was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018. Mazari studied at the London School of Economics and later received her PhD from Columbia University in political science. Mazari joined Quaid-i-Azam University as an associate professor and went on to head the university's strategic studies department. In 2002, Mazari became the head of the government-funded Institute of Strategic Studies and remained until she was sacked in 2008. In 2009, Mazari became the editor of The Nation. ## Early life and education Mazari, an ethnic Baloch, is a graduate of the London School of Economics. She received her PhD in political science from Columbia University. ## Professional career In 2008, Government of Pakistan removed Mazari from the post of Director General of The Institute of Strategic Studies where she was due to retire in 2009. In 2009, Mazari was appointed as the editor of The Nation. She also hosted a weekly television show on the Waqt News. Mazari came under intensive criticism from the Committee to Protect Journalists after she publicly alleged an American journalist to be a CIA spy. She had been an associate professor at Quaid-i-Azam University and later became chairperson of the university's Department of Defense and Strategic Studies. ## Personal life Shireen is married to Tabish Aitbar Hazir. The couple has a daughter, Imaan Zainab Mazari Hazir and a son Sabeel Hazir. ## Political career Mazari joined the PTI in 2008 In 2009, she was Information Secretary and Spokesperson of PTI. In 2012, she resigned from PTI where she was the Central Vice President and in charge of Foreign Policy. citing "policy differences and its takeover by corrupt elements" after she was served a show cause notice by PTI for "making unfounded, incorrect, inaccurate and false statements in the media". She rejoined PTI in 2013. She was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan for the first time in the 2013 Pakistani general election on the ticket of PTI on reserved seats for women from Punjab. She was the chief whip of PTI in the National Assembly of Pakistan. She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PTI on a seat reserved for women from Punjab in the 2018 Pakistani general election. On 18 August, Imran Khan formally announced his federal cabinet structure and Mazari was named as Minister for Human Rights. On 20 August 2018, she was sworn in as Federal Minister for Human Rights in the federal cabinet of Prime Minister Imran Khan. In January 2020, she strongly condemned an attack on Karak temple by a mob of 1,500 local Muslims led by a local Islamic cleric and the supporters of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam party. In May 2022, she was arrested, but released after Islamabad High court ordered her release and called the arrest unlawful. ### Resignation On 10 April 2022, because of the Vote of No Confidence, she resigned from the National Assembly on the orders of Imran Khan. The newly elected Speaker accepted the resignations of eleven members on 28 July 2022, one of them was Shireen Mazari. After the 09/05 vandalism of Army installations, the beneficiaries of regime change after accusing the PTI members and leadership, carried out mass-scale arrests. Shireen Mazari upon 5 consecutive arrests and bails announced her retirement from active politics. On 23 May 2023, Shireen Mazari made the decision to leave the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party and publicly announced her retirement from active politics seemingly under considerable duress. Mazari cited personal reasons as the basis for her departure from the political arena. But according to some sources Sheeren Mazari left politics as she was forced to leave politics by the PDM government and the Army Establishment. ## Controversies In 2019, after a terrorist attack in London, she chose to criticize Pakistan's leading newspaper Dawn for publicizing that the terrorist had been a man of Pakistani origin, rather than deploring the attack itself or offering condolences. She accused Dawn to pursue an anti-Pakistani agenda. While mobs surrounded the offices of Dawn calling for the editor to be hanged, she left the defense of the freedom of expression in Pakistan to others, such as Reporters without Borders. On 21 November 2020, Mazari while citing an online article, wrote on Twitter that French president "Macron [was] doing to Muslims was what the Nazis did to the Jews – Muslim children will get ID numbers (other children won't) just as Jews were forced to wear the yellow star on their clothing for identification". French government denounced Mazari's tweet as "fake news and false accusation" and stated that "the proposed ID would be for all children in France". Bina Shah, a writer and New York Times columnist, said "just like in Pakistan, where as soon as you register a child's birth, the child will get assigned a 13 digit number which is then their NIC number when they reach 18". Later, Mazari deleted her tweet and issued a clarification stating that the article on the basis of which she had written her tweet has been amended. The online article, which was quoted by Mazari, now includes a clarification stating that the new law will be applied to all children in France. Foreign Ministry of France thanked Mazari for deleting her tweet and accepted her clarification. Shireen Mazari has also been criticized for her silence on China's persecution of Uyghurs during a talkshow at Al Jazeera. However, Mazari said that "there may be such cases in China and we have taken up those cases with the Chinese and that is how we deal with our allies." ## Works ### Books - Pakistan's Security and the Nuclear Option, Institute of Policy Studies, 1995, 167 p. Co-edited with Tarik Jan et al. - The Kargil Conflict, 1999: Separating Fact from Fiction, Institute of Policy Studies, 2003, 162 p. ### Research papers - Nuclear Safety and Terrorism: A Case Study of India, Institute of Strategic Studies, 2001, 46 p. Co-written with Maria Sultan. - Pakistan's Nuclear Doctrine and Approach to Arms Control, Institute of South Asian Studies, 2005, 17 p. - 'Islam and the West' Dialogue: What Achievements? What New Effective Methods?, ISIS Malaysia, 2008, 16 p. ## More Reading - List of members of the 15th National Assembly of Pakistan	enwiki/8245380	enwiki	8,245,380	Shireen Mazari	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shireen_Mazari	2025-07-15T15:11:03Z	en	Q7498535	182,091	{{Short description\|Pakistani Baloch Politician and former Minister of Human Rights of Pakistan}} {{Use Pakistani English\|date=October 2013}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder \| name = Shireen Mazari \| image = Shireen Mazari.jpg \| honorific-suffix = \| office = [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)\|Minister of Human Rights]] \| president = [[Mamnoon Hussain]]<br />[[Arif Alvi]] \| primeminister = [[Imran Khan]] \| term_start = 20 August 2018 \| term_end = 10 April 2022 \| predecessor = [[Roshan Khursheed Bharucha]] (caretaker) \| office1 = Member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] \| term_start1 = 13 August 2018 \| term_end1 = 29 July 2022 \| constituency1 = ''Reserved seat for women'' \| term_start2 = 1 June 2013 \| term_end2 = 31 May 2018 \| constituency2 = ''Reserved seat for women'' \| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|df=yes\|1949\|04\|26}} [[Quetta]], [[Balochistan]], [[Pakistan]]<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2357679/1966-born-shireen-mazari-arrested-in-a-case-registered-in-1972\|title=1966-born Shireen Mazari arrested in a case registered in 1972\|date=21 May 2022\|access-date=21 May 2022\|work=[[The Express Tribune]] (newspaper)\|quote=...The former federal minister, who was born on April 26, 1951, was booked on a...}}</ref> \| nationality = Pakistani \| alma_mater = [[London School of Economics]]<br />[[Columbia University]]<ref name="ary">{{ cite news \| url = https://arynews.tv/en/shireen-mazari/? \| title = Shireen Mazari \| date = 11 August 2018 \| work = ARY News \| access-date = 15 December 2019 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219222330/https://arynews.tv/en/shireen-mazari/ \| archive-date = 19 December 2019 \| url-status = live }}</ref> \| otherparty = [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf\|PTI]] (2013-2023) \| spouse = Tabish Aitbar Hazir (died-2022) \| residence = [[Islamabad]] \| children = [[Imaan Zainab Mazari]] \| successor = [[Riaz Hussain Pirzada]] \| successor1 = [[Asiya Azeem]] }} '''Shireen Mehrunnisa Mazari''' ({{langx\|ur\|{{Nastaliq\|شیریں مہر النساء مزاری}}}}) is a former [[Pakistani]] politician who served the [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)\|Federal Minister for Human Rights]], from 20 August 2018 to 10 April 2022. She is the chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on Appointment of Chief Election Commissioner and Members of the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]]. She has been a member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] since August 2018, and served as a [[Chief Whip\|chief whip]] for [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]]. Previously, she was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018.<ref name="ary"/><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2018-08-20 \|title=PTI's chief whip: Shireen Mazari \|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1780001/ptis-chief-whip-shireen-mazari \|access-date=2022-05-22 \|website=The Express Tribune \|language=en}}</ref> Mazari studied at the [[London School of Economics]] and later received her [[PhD]] from [[Columbia University]] in political science.<ref name="ary"/> Mazari joined [[Quaid-i-Azam University]] as an associate professor and went on to head the university's strategic studies department. In 2002, Mazari became the head of the government-funded [[The Institute of Strategic Studies\|Institute of Strategic Studies]] and remained until she was sacked in 2008. In 2009, Mazari became the editor of [[The Nation (Pakistan)\|''The Nation'']].<ref name="ary"/> ==Early life and education== Mazari, an ethnic [[Baloch people\|Baloch]],<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/shireenmazari1/status/1161252889605627904\|title=Shireen Mazari Twitter\|access-date=10 December 2019}}</ref> is a graduate of the [[London School of Economics]]. She received her PhD in political science from [[Columbia University]].<ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan">{{cite book\|last1=Markey\|first1=Daniel S.\|title=No exit from Pakistan : America's tortured relationship with Islamabad\|date=2013\|publisher=Cambridge University Press\|location=New York\|isbn=978-1-10-762359-0\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ_qAAAAQBAJ&q=nationalist+shireen+mazari&pg=PA38\|access-date=4 March 2017\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023204251/https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ_qAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=nationalist+shireen+mazari&source=bl&ots=8uTnPwbJtA&sig=aUdQJqRF7-wygywxj2UZBKR5iNE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZob7GgPHPAhVGto8KHaTbBLYQ6AEIXDAJ#v=onepage&q=nationalist%20shireen%20mazari&f=false\|archive-date=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Making some sense out of nonsense\|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/12/21/making-some-sense-out-of-nonsense/\|access-date=4 March 2017\|publisher=Pakistan Today\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304194513/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/12/21/making-some-sense-out-of-nonsense/\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="nation/8sept2009">{{cite news\|title=TheNation welcomes new Editor\|url=http://nation.com.pk/politics/08-Sep-2009/TheNation-welcomes-new-Editor\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=The Nation\|date=8 September 2009\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193442/http://nation.com.pk/politics/08-Sep-2009/TheNation-welcomes-new-Editor\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> ==Professional career== In 2008, Government of Pakistan removed Mazari from the post of Director General of [[The Institute of Strategic Studies]] where she was due to retire in 2009.<ref>{{cite news\|title=ISSI DG Shireen Mazari removed\|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg7_8\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=Daily Times\|date=15 May 2008\|url-status=bot: unknown\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209033016/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg7_8\|archive-date=9 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008" /><ref name="nation/8sept2009" /><ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan" /><ref name="dawn/26sept2012" /> In 2009, Mazari was appointed as the editor of ''[[The Nation (Pakistan)\|The Nation]]''.<ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan" /><ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008">{{cite news\|title=Shireen Mazari replaces Arif Nizami as Editor The Nation\|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%5C09%5C08%5Cstory_8-9-2009_pg7_24\|access-date=4 March 2017\|date=8 September 2009\|url-status=bot: unknown\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012042839/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%5C09%5C08%5Cstory_8-9-2009_pg7_24\|archive-date=12 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=CIA slur has chilling parallel with Pearl\|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/cia-slur-has-chilling-parallel-with-daniel-pearl/news-story/7722ec93bc111c7bf6f9a42fe831634e\|access-date=4 March 2017\|publisher=The Australian\|date=25 November 2009}}</ref> She also hosted a weekly television show on the ''[[Waqt News]]''.<ref name="nation/8sept2009" /> Mazari came under intensive criticism from the [[Committee to Protect Journalists]] after she publicly alleged [[Matthew Rosenberg\|an American journalist]] to be a [[CIA]] spy.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://cpj.org/2009/11/international-press-decries-attack-on-rosenberg/\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403203104/https://cpj.org/blog/2009/11/international-press-decries-attack-on-rosenberg.php\|url-status=dead\|title=International press decries attack on Rosenberg\|first=Bob\|last=Dietz\|date=16 November 2009\|archivedate=3 April 2017}}</ref> She had been an associate professor at [[Quaid-i-Azam University]] and later became chairperson of the university's Department of Defense and Strategic Studies.<ref name="nation/8sept2009" /> ==Personal life== Shireen is married to Tabish Aitbar Hazir. The couple has a daughter, Imaan Zainab Mazari Hazir<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-10-31 \|title=Imaan Hazir Mazari Net Worth, Age, Height, Weight, Husband, Dating, Bio & Wiki \|url=https://celebkatha.com/imaan-hazir-mazari/ \|access-date=2023-11-01 \|language=en-US}}</ref> and a son Sabeel Hazir.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/shireen-mazaris-daughter-imaan-roasts-pak-army-for-propping-terrorists/articleshow/61885172.cms\|title=Shireen Mazari's daughter, Imaan, roasts Pak army for propping terrorists\|website=[[The Times of India]]\|date=December 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/shireen-mazari-s-daughter-slams-dg-ispr-117123000749_1.html\|title=Shireen Mazari's daughter slams DG ISPR\|newspaper=Business Standard India\|date=30 December 2017}}</ref> ==Political career== Mazari joined the PTI in 2008<ref name="thenews/20mar2013" /><ref name="tribune/7june2013">{{cite news\|title=Reserved seats for women and the elite's hold on them - The Express Tribune\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/560239/reserved-seats-for-women-and-the-elites-hold-on-them/\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=The Express Tribune\|date=7 June 2013\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034453/https://tribune.com.pk/story/560239/reserved-seats-for-women-and-the-elites-hold-on-them/\|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> In 2009, she was Information Secretary and Spokesperson of PTI.<ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008" /><ref name="thenews/7sept2009">{{cite news\|title=Clarification\|url=http://thenews.jang.com.pk/print3.asp?id=24368\|access-date=4 March 2017\|publisher=The News\|date=7 September 2009\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220004822/http://thenews.jang.com.pk/print3.asp?id=24368\|archive-date=20 February 2010}}</ref> In 2012, she resigned from PTI<ref name="thenews/20mar2013">{{cite news\|title=Shireen Mazari rejoins PTI - thenews.com.pk\|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-166185-Shireen-Mazari-rejoins-PTI\|access-date=4 March 2017\|publisher=The News\|date=20 March 2013\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319193638/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-166185-Shireen-Mazari-rejoins-PTI\|archive-date=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="tribune/7june2013" /> where she was the Central Vice President<ref>{{cite news\|title=Shireen Mazari quits PTI - The Express Tribune\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/442692/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti/\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=The Express Tribune\|date=26 September 2012\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304194924/https://tribune.com.pk/story/442692/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti/\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> and in charge of Foreign Policy.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Shireen Mazari resigns, alleges PTI hijacked by 'big money'\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/752171/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=26 September 2012\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193910/https://www.dawn.com/news/752171/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> citing "policy differences and its takeover by corrupt elements"<ref name="dawn/26sept2012">{{cite news\|title=Shireen Mazari quits PTI\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/752275/shireen-mazari-quits-pti\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=26 September 2012\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034533/https://www.dawn.com/news/752275/shireen-mazari-quits-pti\|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> after she was served a show cause notice by PTI for "making unfounded, incorrect, inaccurate and false statements in the media".<ref name="dawn/26sept2012" /> She rejoined PTI in 2013.<ref name="tribune/7june2013" /> She was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan for the first time in the [[2013 Pakistani general election]] on the ticket of PTI on reserved seats for women from Punjab.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Women, minority seats allotted\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1014677\|access-date=7 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=29 May 2013\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307205110/https://www.dawn.com/news/1014677\|archive-date=7 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=PML-N secures most reserved seats for women in NA - The Express Tribune\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/555511/pml-n-secures-most-reserved-seats-for-women-in-na/\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=The Express Tribune\|date=28 May 2013\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304195047/https://tribune.com.pk/story/555511/pml-n-secures-most-reserved-seats-for-women-in-na/\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Women's reserved seats: Top politicians' spouses, kin strike it lucky - The Express Tribune\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/556356/womens-reserved-seats-top-politicians-spouses-kin-strike-it-lucky/\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=The Express Tribune\|date=30 May 2013\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212164311/https://tribune.com.pk/story/556356/womens-reserved-seats-top-politicians-spouses-kin-strike-it-lucky/\|archive-date=12 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Bye bye PTI?\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1016007\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=4 June 2013\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193556/https://www.dawn.com/news/1016007\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Capital varsity bill passed amid walkout\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1182893\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=19 May 2015\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193826/https://www.dawn.com/news/1182893\|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> She was the chief whip of PTI in the National Assembly of Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news\|title=PTI's Mazari questions ISPR silence on army sackings\|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1253707\|access-date=4 March 2017\|work=DAWN.COM\|date=22 April 2016\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034900/https://www.dawn.com/news/1253707\|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PTI on a seat reserved for women from Punjab in the [[2018 Pakistani general election]].<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Reporter \|first1=The Newspaper's Staff \|title=List of MNAs elected on reserved seats for women, minorities \|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426560/list-of-mnas-elected-on-reserved-seats-for-women-minorities \|access-date=12 August 2018 \|work=DAWN.COM \|date=12 August 2018}}</ref> On 18 August, [[Imran Khan]] formally announced his federal cabinet structure and Mazari was named as [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)\|Minister for Human Rights]].<ref>{{cite news \|title=PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet \|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1427792/pm-imran-khan-finalises-names-of-21-member-cabinet \|access-date=18 August 2018 \|work=DAWN.COM \|date=18 August 2018}}</ref> On 20 August 2018, she was sworn in as Federal Minister for Human Rights in the federal cabinet of Prime Minister Imran Khan.<ref>{{cite news \|title=16 ministers from PM Imran Khan's cabinet sworn in \|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1428169/16-ministers-from-pm-imran-khans-cabinet-sworn-in \|access-date=20 August 2018 \|work=DAWN.COM \|date=20 August 2018}}</ref> In January 2020, she strongly condemned an attack on [[2020 Karak temple attack\|Karak temple]]<ref name="samaa">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/pakistan/2020/12/historic-hindu-temple-burnt-down-in-kps-karak/amp/\|title=Historic Hindu temple set ablaze in KP's Karak\|work=SAMAA\|author=Basit Gilani\|date=30 December 2020\|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> by a mob of 1,500 local Muslims led by a local Islamic cleric and the supporters of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)\|Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam party]].<ref name="Aljazeera">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/31/pakistan-arrests-14-people-over-demolishing-of-hindu-temple\|title=Pakistan arrests more than a dozen over Hindu temple attack\|newspaper=Aljazeera\|date=31 December 2020\|access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref> In May 2022, she was arrested, but released after Islamabad High court ordered her release and called the arrest unlawful.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Video: When Shireen Mazari was arrested \|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/418169-video-when-shireen-mazari-was-arrested \|access-date=2022-05-21 \|website=www.geo.tv \|language=en}}</ref> ===Resignation=== On 10 April 2022, because of the Vote of No Confidence, she resigned from the [[National Assembly of Pakistan\|National Assembly]] on the orders of [[Imran Khan]]. The newly elected Speaker accepted the resignations of eleven members on 28 July 2022, one of them was Shireen Mazari. <ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2368342/resignations-of-11-pti-mnas-accepted \|title=Resignations of 11 PTI MNAs accepted \|date=2022-07-28 \|website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> After the 09/05 vandalism of Army installations, the beneficiaries of regime change after accusing the PTI members and leadership, carried out mass-scale arrests. Shireen Mazari upon 5 consecutive arrests and bails announced her retirement from active politics. On 23 May 2023, Shireen Mazari made the decision to leave the [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] party and publicly announced her retirement from active politics seemingly under considerable duress. Mazari cited personal reasons as the basis for her departure from the political arena.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Dawn.com \|date=2023-05-23 \|title=In first major blow for PTI, Shireen Mazari leaves party and quits 'active politics' \|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1755265 \|access-date=2023-05-23 \|website=DAWN.COM \|language=en}}</ref> But according to some sources Sheeren Mazari left politics as she was forced to leave politics by the PDM government and the Army Establishment. == Controversies == In 2019, after a [[2019 London Bridge stabbing\|terrorist attack in London]], she chose to criticize Pakistan's leading newspaper ''[[Dawn (newspaper)\|Dawn]]'' for publicizing that the [[Usman Khan (terrorist)\|terrorist]] had been a man of Pakistani origin, rather than deploring the attack itself or offering condolences. She accused Dawn to pursue an anti-Pakistani agenda. While mobs surrounded the offices of Dawn calling for the editor to be hanged, she left the defense of the [[Freedom of speech\|freedom of expression]] in Pakistan to others, such as [[Reporters without Borders]].<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/pakistan-dawn-newspaper-protests-london-bridge-usman-khan-a9232246.html Pakistan newspaper besieged by Islamists calling for editor to be hanged over London Bridge coverage], The Independent, 4 December 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/extremism-watch_london-attack-coverage-prompted-riots-against-pakistani-newspaper/6180464.html London Attack Coverage Prompted Riots Against a Pakistani Newspaper], Voice of America, 4 December 2019.</ref><ref>[http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/recent-attacks-against-independent-media-in-pakistan/ Recent attacks against independent media in Pakistan] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917193524/http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/recent-attacks-against-independent-media-in-pakistan/ \|date=17 September 2020 }}, Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, 16 december 2019.</ref> On 21 November 2020, Mazari while citing an online article, wrote on [[Twitter]] that French president "[[Emmanuel Macron\|Macron]] [was] doing to Muslims was what the Nazis did to the Jews – Muslim children will get ID numbers (other children won't) just as Jews were forced to wear the yellow star on their clothing for identification". French government denounced Mazari's tweet as "fake news and false accusation" and stated that "the proposed ID would be for all children in France". Bina Shah, a writer and [[New York Times]] columnist, said "just like in Pakistan, where as soon as you register a child's birth, the child will get assigned a 13 digit number which is then their [[National identification number#Pakistan\|NIC]] number when they reach 18".<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Staff\|date=22 November 2020\|title=France demands Pakistan rectifies Macron Nazi jibe\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-security-pakistan-idUSKBN2820BD\|access-date=2020-11-22}}</ref><ref>[https://newsable.asianetnews.com/pakistan/shireen-mazari-fake-news-emmanuel-macron-muslim-registration-france-vpn-qk6var Pakistan minister Shireen Mazari exposed, France busts her fake news] ''newsable.asianetnews.com''. 22 November 2020.</ref> Later, Mazari deleted her tweet and issued a clarification stating that the article on the basis of which she had written her tweet has been amended. The online article, which was quoted by Mazari, now includes a clarification stating that the new law will be applied to all children in France. [[Foreign Ministry of France]] thanked Mazari for deleting her tweet and accepted her clarification.<ref>[https://www.geo.tv/latest/319942-france-accepts-shireen-mazaris-apology-over-insulting-comments-on-president-emmanuel-macron France thanks Shireen Mazari for deletion of tweet against President Macron]. 22 November 2020. Geo News.</ref><ref>[https://www.dawn.com/news/1591774 Mazari deletes tweet containing Macron Nazi jibe after news website issues correction]. 22 November 2020. Dawn News.</ref> Shireen Mazari has also been criticized for her silence on [[Persecution of Uyghurs in China\|China's persecution of Uyghurs]] during a talkshow at [[Al Jazeera Media Network\|Al Jazeera]]. However, Mazari said that "there may be such cases in [[China]] and we have taken up those cases with the Chinese and that is how we deal with our allies."<ref>[https://www.dialoguepakistan.com/pakistan-has-taken-up-issue-of-uyghurs-with-china-shireen-mazari/ Pakistan has taken up issue of Uyghurs with China: Shireen Mazari]. 12 December 2019. Dialogue Pakistan.</ref> ==Works== ===Books=== * ''Pakistan's Security and the Nuclear Option'', [[Institute of Policy Studies (Pakistan)\|Institute of Policy Studies]], 1995, 167 p. <small>Co-edited with Tarik Jan et al.</small> * ''The [[Kargil War\|Kargil Conflict]], 1999: Separating Fact from Fiction'', Institute of Policy Studies, 2003, 162 p. ===Research papers=== * ''Nuclear Safety and Terrorism: A Case Study of India'', [[Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad\|Institute of Strategic Studies]], 2001, 46 p. <small>Co-written with Maria Sultan.</small> * ''Pakistan's Nuclear Doctrine and Approach to Arms Control'', Institute of South Asian Studies, 2005, 17 p. * ''<nowiki/>'Islam and the West' Dialogue: What Achievements? What New Effective Methods?'', ISIS Malaysia, 2008, 16 p. ==References== {{Reflist\|30em}} ==External links== {{twitter\|ShireenMazari1}} {{Citation \| url = https://na.gov.pk/en/profile.php?uid=1528 \| title = Shireen Mazari \| work = Personal Profile \| publisher = [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] \| access-date = Aug 10, 2022 \| ref = Official Government Website }} ==More Reading== * [[List of members of the 15th National Assembly of Pakistan]] {{Pakistani political parties}} {{Political families of Pakistan}} {{Khan Cabinet}} {{Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mazari, Shireen M.}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Baloch politicians]] [[Category:1966 births]] [[Category:Pakistani women journalists]] [[Category:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf MNAs]] [[Category:Pakistani political scientists]] [[Category:Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni]] [[Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics]] [[Category:Academic staff of Quaid-i-Azam University]] [[Category:Defence and security analysts in Pakistan]] [[Category:Pakistani women academics]] [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2013–2018]] [[Category:Politicians from Islamabad]] [[Category:Women members of the National Assembly of Pakistan]] [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2018–2023]] [[Category:Women political scientists]] [[Category:Human rights ministers of Pakistan]] [[Category:21st-century Pakistani women politicians]]	1,300,641,938	[{"title": "Minister of Human Rights", "data": {"Minister of Human Rights": "In office \u00b7 20 August 2018 \u2013 10 April 2022", "President": "Mamnoon Hussain \u00b7 Arif Alvi", "Prime Minister": "Imran Khan", "Preceded by": "Roshan Khursheed Bharucha (caretaker)", "Succeeded by": "Riaz Hussain Pirzada"}}, {"title": "Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan", "data": {"Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan": ["In office \u00b7 13 August 2018 \u2013 29 July 2022", "In office \u00b7 1 June 2013 \u2013 31 May 2018"], "Succeeded by": "Asiya Azeem", "Constituency": "Reserved seat for women"}}, {"title": "Personal details", "data": {"Born": "26 April 1949 Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan", "Nationality": "Pakistani", "Other political \u00b7 affiliations": "PTI (2013-2023)", "Spouse": "Tabish Aitbar Hazir (died-2022)", "Children": "Imaan Zainab Mazari", "Residence": "Islamabad", "Alma mater": "London School of Economics \u00b7 Columbia University"}}]	false
# Agra Cantonment railway station Agra Cantt (station code: AGC) is the main railway station in the Indian city of Agra. It is located near the Sadar Bazaar towards the southwest of the city. It lies on the main Delhi–Chennai and one of the Delhi–Mumbai lines. ## History The 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)-wide metre-gauge Delhi–Bandikui and Bandikui–Agra lines of Rajputana State Railway were opened in 1874. The Agra–Jaipur line was converted to 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge in 2005. The broad-gauge Agra–Delhi chord was opened in 1904. ## Electrification The Faridabad–Mathura–Agra section was electrified in 1982–85, Tundla–Yamuna Bridge in 1988–89 and Yamuna Bridge–Agra in 1990–91. ## The station Agra Cantt railway station has 6 platforms: - Platform 1 = 540 meters[importance?] - Platform 2 = 598 - Platform 3 = 573 - Platform 4 = 735 - Platform 5 = 631 - Platform 6 = 320 - Platform 7 = Proposed on 24 Jan 2018 The fastest train in India, Gatimaan Express, originates and terminates here. It was extended to Jhansi in April 2018. ## Passenger movement Agra Cantonment is among the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway. 1,34,26,890 Passengers Arrive at Agra Cantt per/year on an average. ## Amenities Agra Cantt. railway station has tourist information counter, computerized reservation counters (Indrail Passes were available), waiting room, retiring room, vegetarian and non-vegetarian refreshment rooms, water coolers, water vending machines and book stall. Taxis, auto-rickshaws, tempos and cycle-rickshaws are available for local movement. Idgah Bus Stand is nearby. Distance from Agra Cantt. railway station: Taj Mahal 5.7 km, Agra Fort 5.2 km, Sikandra 9.7 km, Fatehpur Sikri 38 km, Agra airport 3.6 km. ## Gallery - Railway Station View - Platform - Sign board - Station in 1920s	enwiki/18579230	enwiki	18,579,230	Agra Cantonment railway station	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agra_Cantonment_railway_station	2025-04-13T21:47:35Z	en	Q3634740	171,896	{{Short description\|Main railway station in the Indian city of Agra}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2023}} {{Use Indian English\|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox station \| name = Agra Cantonment Railway Station \| native_name = <hr/>Agra Cantt \| type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg\|30px]] [[Indian Railways]] station \| style = Indian Railways \| image = Agra Cantt.jpg \| image_caption = \| address = [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] \| country = India \| coordinates = {{Coord\|27\|9\|32\|N\|77\|59\|26\|E\|type:railwaystation_region:IN\|display=inline,title}} \| elevation = {{convert\|174\|m\|ft}} \| line = {{ubl\|[[Agra–Delhi chord]]\|[[Agra–Bhopal section]]\|[[Delhi–Chennai line]]\|Agra–Jaipur section}} \| other = \| structure = [[Intersection (road)#At grade railways\|At grade]] \| platform = 6 \| tracks = 21 \| parking = {{rint\|park}} Available \| bicycle = No \| opened = 1904 \| closed = \| rebuilt = \| electrified = 1982–85 \| accessible = {{Access icon\|20px}} Available \| code = {{Indian railway code \| code = AGC \| zone = [[North Central Railway zone\|North Central Railway]] \| division = {{rwd\|Agra}}}} \| owned = [[Indian Railways]] \| operator = [[North Central Railway zone]] \| status = Functional \| former = \| passengers = \| pass_year = \| pass_percent = \| pass_system = \| mapframe = yes \| mapframe-custom = {{Maplink\|frame=yes\|plain=yes\|frame-align=center\|frame-width=300\|frame-height=180\|zoom=13\|type=point\|marker=rail}} \| map_type = India Uttar Pradesh \| map_dot_label = Agra Cantt \| map_size = 300 }} {{Railways in Agra\|collapse=y}} '''Agra Cantt''' (station code: '''AGC''') is the main railway station in the Indian city of [[Agra]]. It is located near the [[Sadar Bazaar, Agra\|Sadar Bazaar]] towards the southwest of the city. It lies on the main Delhi–Chennai and one of the Delhi–Mumbai lines. ==History== The {{track gauge\|1000mm}}-wide [[metre-gauge]] Delhi–Bandikui and Bandikui–Agra lines of Rajputana State Railway were opened in 1874.<ref name=irfcaii>{{cite web\| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history2.html\|title = IR History:Early Days II (1870-1899)\| publisher= IRFCA\| access-date =23 June 2013 }}</ref> The Agra–Jaipur line was converted to {{Track gauge\|5ft6in\|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/06/stories/2005050613070500.htm \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050506020437/http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/06/stories/2005050613070500.htm \| url-status = dead \| archive-date = 6 May 2005 \|title = Boost for Jaipur–Agra rail link \|date=6 May 2005\| work = [[The Hindu]] \| access-date =2 July 2013 }}</ref> The broad-gauge Agra–Delhi chord was opened in 1904.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history3.html\|title = IR History: Part III (1900–1947)\| publisher= IRFCA\| access-date =2 July 2013 }}</ref> ==Electrification== The Faridabad–Mathura–Agra section was electrified in 1982–85, Tundla–Yamuna Bridge in 1988–89 and Yamuna Bridge–Agra in 1990–91.<ref>{{cite web\| url = http://irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html\|title = History of Electrification\| publisher= IRFCA\| access-date = 2 July 2013}}</ref> ==The station== Agra Cantt railway station has 6 platforms: * Platform 1 = 540 meters{{Importance inline\|reason=Why is length of each platform important? Is it deviation from normal ? Or anything extraordinary worth mentioning here?\|date=August 2023}} * Platform 2 = 598 * Platform 3 = 573 * Platform 4 = 735 * Platform 5 = 631 * Platform 6 = 320 * Platform 7 = Proposed on 24 Jan 2018 The fastest train in India, [[Gatimaan Express]], originates and terminates here. It was extended to Jhansi in April 2018.{{citation needed\|date=November 2018}} ==Passenger movement== Agra Cantonment is among the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html \|title=Indian Railways Passenger Reservation Enquiry \|work=Availability in trains for Top 100 Booking Stations of Indian Railways \|publisher=Indian Railways \|access-date=2 July 2013 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510115649/http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html \|archive-date=10 May 2014 }}</ref> 1,34,26,890 Passengers Arrive at Agra Cantt per/year on an average. ==Amenities== Agra Cantt. railway station has tourist information counter, computerized reservation counters ([[Indrail Pass]]es were available), waiting room, retiring room, vegetarian and non-vegetarian refreshment rooms, water coolers, water vending machines and book stall.<ref name="Agra">{{cite web \|title=Agra Railway Station \|url=http://www.makemytrip.com/railways/agra.html \|access-date=2 July 2013 \|publisher=Make my trip}}</ref> Taxis, auto-rickshaws, tempos and cycle-rickshaws are available for local movement. [[Idgah Bus Stand]] is nearby. Distance from Agra Cantt. railway station: [[Taj Mahal]] 5.7 km, [[Agra Fort]] 5.2 km, [[Sikandra, Agra\|Sikandra]] 9.7 km, [[Fatehpur Sikri]] 38 km, [[Agra airport]] 3.6 km.<ref name=Agra/> ==Gallery== <gallery widths=180> Agra Cant railway station.jpg\|Railway Station View File:Agra Cant Railway Station.jpg\|Platform Agra Cantonment railway station sign, India DSCF8293 (33449685810).jpg\|Sign board Agra railway station in the 1920s (2).JPG\|Station in 1920s </gallery> == References == {{reflist\|30em}} == External links == {{Portal bar\|India\|Railways\|Transport}} * {{Wikivoyage inline\|Agra}} {{Adjacent stations\|noclear=y \|system=Indian Railways \|line=North Central Railway zone\|left=Bhandai\|right=Raja ki Mandi\|type=[[Jhansi–Delhi line]] \|line2=North Central Railway zone\|left2=\|right2=Bichpuri\|type2=Agra–Bharatpur branch line \|line3=North Central Railway zone\|left3=\|right3=Pathauli\|type3=Agra–Bayana branch line \|line4=North Central Railway zone\|left4=\|right4=Idgah\|type4=[[Tundla–Agra line 1]] \|line5=North Central Railway zone\|left5=\|right5=Agra City\|type5=[[Tundla–Agra line 2]]}} {{Commons category}} {{Railway stations in Uttar Pradesh}} [[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1904]] [[Category:Railway stations in Agra]] [[Category:Agra railway division]]	1,285,470,868	[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Agra, Uttar Pradesh \u00b7 India", "Coordinates": "27\u00b09\u203232\u2033N 77\u00b059\u203226\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff27.15889\u00b0N 77.99056\u00b0E", "Elevation": "174 metres (571 ft)", "Owned by": "Indian Railways", "Operated by": "North Central Railway zone", "Line(s)": "- Agra\u2013Delhi chord - Agra\u2013Bhopal section - Delhi\u2013Chennai line - Agra\u2013Jaipur section", "Platforms": "6", "Tracks": "21"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "At grade", "Parking": "Available", "Bicycle facilities": "No", "Accessible": "Available"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Status": "Functional", "Station code": "AGC", "Zone(s)": "North Central Railway", "Division(s)": "Agra"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "1904", "Electrified": "1982\u201385"}}]	false
# Woodridge railway station Woodridge railway station is located on the Beenleigh line in Queensland, Australia. Despite the name, it serves the Logan suburb of Logan Central. Neighbouring station Trinder Park serves the suburb of Woodridge, Logan City. ## History Woodridge station opened in 1885, providing an outlet for sawn timber. Graham's timber siding was opened in 1913, and in the next year another sawmiller subdivided land on the west side of the line and marketed it as the Woodridge estate. Though the Railways Department called it 15 Mile Siding. The siding was named Woodridge in January 1917, when the platform was made accessible to the public. As part of the Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail project, the station will receive level crossing removals. ## Services Woodridge station is served by all stops Beenleigh line services from Beenleigh to Bowen Hills and Ferny Grove. ## Services by platform \| Platform \| Line \| Destinations \| Notes \| \| -------- \| --------- \| ------------------------- \| ----- \| \| 1 \| Beenleigh \| Beenleigh \| [ 7 ] \| \| 2 \| Beenleigh \| Bowen Hills & Ferny Grove \| [ 8 ] \|	enwiki/1645464	enwiki	1,645,464	Woodridge railway station	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodridge_railway_station	2025-01-28T22:34:32Z	en	Q8033147	70,251	{{Short description\|Railway station in Queensland, Australia}} {{Use Australian English\|date=June 2020}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2021}} {{Infobox station \|name = Woodridge \|type = \|style = TransLink (Queensland) \|image = Woodridge Railway Station, Queensland, July 2012.JPG \|image_caption = Westbound view from Platform 2, July 2012 \|address = Station Road, [[Logan Central]] \|country = \|coordinates = {{coord\|-27.6381\|153.1038\|format=dms\|type:railwaystation_region:AU-QLD\|display=inline,title}} \|distance = 26.79 kilometres from [[Central railway station, Brisbane\|Central]] \|line = [[Beenleigh railway line\|Beenleigh]] \|other = \|structure = Ground \|platform = 1 island \|depth = \|levels = \|tracks = 2 \|parking = 167 bays \|bicycle = Yes \|opened = {{Start date and age\|1885}} \|closed = \|rebuilt = \|electrified = Yes \|accessible = \|code = 600226 (platform 1)<br />600227 (platform 2) \|owned = [[Queensland Rail]] \|operator = [[Queensland Rail]] \|zone = [[go card]] 2 \|status = Staffed \|former = 15 Mile Siding \|passengers = \|pass_year = \|pass_percent = \|pass_system = \|mpassengers = \|services = {{Adjacent stations \|system1=Queensland Rail \|line2=Beenleigh\|left2=Trinder Park\|right2=Kingston }} \|map_locator = \|web = [{{Translink stop\|woodridge-station}} Translink]}} '''Woodridge railway station''' is located on the [[Beenleigh railway line\|Beenleigh line]] in [[Queensland]], Australia. Despite the name, it serves the [[Logan City\|Logan]] suburb of [[Logan Central]]. Neighbouring station [[Trinder Park railway station\|Trinder Park]] serves the suburb of [[Woodridge, Queensland\|Woodridge]], [[Logan City]].<ref name="globe">{{Queensland Globe\|accessdate=10 December 2018}}</ref> ==History== Woodridge station opened in 1885, providing an outlet for sawn timber.<ref name=":0" /> Graham's timber siding was opened in 1913, and in the next year another sawmiller subdivided land on the west side of the line and marketed it as the Woodridge estate.<ref name=":0" /> Though the Railways Department called it 15 Mile Siding.<ref name=":1" /> The siding was named Woodridge in January 1917,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web \|title=Woodridge {{!}} Queensland Places \|url=https://queenslandplaces.com.au/woodridge \|access-date=2024-01-17 \|website=queenslandplaces.com.au}}</ref> when the platform was made accessible to the public.<ref name=":1">{{cite web \| title = Woodridge \| publisher = [[Logan City]] \| url = http://www.logan.qld.gov.au/about-logan/suburbs/woodridge \| accessdate = 19 February 2015}}</ref><ref>[http://www.queenslandplaces.com.au/woodridge Woodridge] Centre for the Government of Queensland</ref> As part of the Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail project, the station will receive level crossing removals.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail (Department of Transport and Main Roads) \|url=https://sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net/projects/logan-and-gold-coast-faster-rail \|access-date=2024-02-17 \|website=sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net \|language=en}}</ref> ==Services== Woodridge station is served by all stops [[Beenleigh railway line\|Beenleigh line]] services from [[Beenleigh railway station\|Beenleigh]] to [[Bowen Hills railway station\|Bowen Hills]] and [[Ferny Grove railway station\|Ferny Grove]].<ref>{{Queensland Timetables\|Beenleigh}}</ref> ==Services by platform== {\|class="wikitable" style="float: none; margin: 0.5em; " \|- !Platform !Line !Destinations !Notes \|- \|rowspan=1 style="text-align:center;"\|1 \|style="background:#E31836"\|[[Beenleigh railway line\|{{color\|white\|Beenleigh}}]] \|[[Beenleigh railway station\|Beenleigh]] \|<ref>[{{Translink stop\|600226/timetable}} Woodridge Platform 1] TransLink</ref> \|- \|rowspan=1 style="text-align:center;"\|2 \|style="background:#E31836"\|[[Beenleigh railway line\|{{color\|white\|Beenleigh}}]] \|[[Bowen Hills railway station\|Bowen Hills]] & [[Ferny Grove railway station\|Ferny Grove]] \|<ref>[{{Translink stop\|600227/timetable}} Woodridge Platform 2] TransLink</ref> \|- \|} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category-inline}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20080905112643/http://qroti.com/placeinfo/qld/rail/woodridge/ Woodridge station] Queensland's Railways on the Internet *[{{Translink stop\|woodridge-station}} Woodridge station] Translink travel information {{Queensland Rail railway stations\|Beenleigh=y\|state=collapsed}} [[Category:Railway stations in Logan City]] [[Category:Railway stations in Australia opened in 1913]]	1,272,494,917	[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Station Road, Logan Central", "Coordinates": "27\u00b038\u203217\u2033S 153\u00b006\u203214\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff27.6381\u00b0S 153.1038\u00b0E", "Owned by": "Queensland Rail", "Operated by": "Queensland Rail", "Line(s)": "Beenleigh", "Distance": "26.79 kilometres from Central", "Platforms": "1 island", "Tracks": "2"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "Ground", "Parking": "167 bays", "Bicycle facilities": "Yes"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Status": "Staffed", "Station code": "600226 (platform 1) \u00b7 600227 (platform 2)", "Fare zone": "go card 2", "Website": "Translink"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "1885", "Electrified": "Yes", "Previous names": "15 Mile Siding"}}, {"title": "Services", "data": {"Preceding station": "Queensland Rail \u00b7 Following station", "Trinder Parktowards Bowen Hills": "Beenleigh Line \u00b7 Kingstontowards Beenleigh"}}]	false
# My French Coach and My Spanish Coach My French Coach and My Spanish Coach are educational games developed by Sensory Sweep Studios and published by Ubisoft for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation Portable, and Wii. They are part of Ubisoft's My Coach series, and were released for the Nintendo DS on November 6, 2007 in North America, for the Wii on November 23, 2007 in Europe, and My Spanish Coach was released for the PlayStation Portable on October 7, 2008, and iOS on June 6, 2009. For their releases in Europe and Australia, the games were renamed My French Coach Level 1: Beginners and My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners. French and Spanish language teachers assisted with development of the gameplay for both games, which concentrates on teaching French or Spanish using lessons and minigames. As the player progresses the lessons, the gameplay uses increasingly complex words and phrases. The games received praise and criticism from various video game publications; they praised the games' effectiveness in teaching the language, but lamented their repetitive nature. The next installments in the series, titled My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate and My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate, also developed and published by Ubisoft, were released in Europe on November 23, 2007 alongside their Level 1 counterparts. ## Gameplay The gameplay of My French Coach and My Spanish Coach consists of the player completing lessons that introduce new vocabulary and then focus on mastering the words through several puzzles. As the player progresses through the game, the words increase in difficulty. When first starting the game, the player takes an introductory test that gauges their initial comprehension level of the French or Spanish language. The player is then placed into a level reflective of the score they received on the test. A player who scores highly will be able to skip many of the initial levels and more basic concepts. When starting a lesson, the player is shown ten new words, which include nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs, as well as their meanings and proper enunciation. Following this, the player is offered a choice of eight minigames to test their knowledge of the words given in the lesson. These minigames are Multiple Choice, Hit-A-Word, Word Find, Flash Cards, Fill in the Blank, Memory, Bridge Builder, and Spelltastic. In Multiple Choice, the player must select the correct French or Spanish translation of an English word from four choices in a limited time frame. Hit-A-Word is a Whac-A-Mole game in which the player must hit the most moles with the correct translation of an English word within the allotted time. Word Find is a word search in which the player must find the French or Spanish translations of a set of English words or phrases. In Flash Cards, the player is given a French or Spanish word and must choose the card with the proper English translation. In Memory, the player must select from a set of face-down cards a French or Spanish word and its English translation. Bridge Builder tests sentence structure; the player has to construct a proper sentence from a set of given words. In Spelltastic, the player listens to a French or Spanish word and spells it using a keyboard within the allotted time. For Fill-in-the-Blank, the player selects the proper conjugation of a French or Spanish verb within a sentence. Whenever a player correctly answers a question or solves a puzzle in a minigame, they gain "mastery points" on the word they successfully answered. The minigames can be increased in difficulty; on higher difficulty levels, players will acquire more mastery points when successfully completing a minigame. For instance, in Multiple Choice, the player has 50 seconds to select an answer for a question on the "Easy" difficulty, and will receive two mastery points for each correct answer. On the "Medium" difficulty, the player has 40 seconds to select an answer and receives three mastery points for each correct answer. The process continues until the player scores fifteen mastery points for every word, allowing the player to proceed to the next lesson. Following the completion of all fifty lessons, the player can continue to learn new words through "open lessons" that contain ten new vocabulary words apiece; the dictionaries of both games each hold nearly 10,000 words. The player can freely access the reference section, which contains a dictionary and phrasebook, at any time. Both the dictionary and phrasebook hold all of the words and phrases in each game, as well as meanings and audio files for both; the player can look through different categories of words and phrases, use a search function, and bookmark chosen phrases. ## Development My French Coach and My Spanish Coach are two of the first three games Ubisoft released for the My Coach series; the other game is My Word Coach. During the course of their development by Sensory Sweep Studios, the lessons and minigames were created with the help of French and Spanish language teachers. Ubisoft announced the creation of a new division to create the My Coach series on May 21, 2007, and that Pauline Jacquey, the producer of the Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon and Rayman series, would lead the division. When commenting on the direction of the My Coach series, Jacquey said that she was "developing projects that make people feel that playing games is worth their while, allowing them to spend quality time with family and friends, learn a new skill, or improve their daily lives". Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot commented that, "The timing is right for us to leverage our creativity and to open up the video games market to new consumers who will be attracted by content that can help them learn, grow and feel better in an entertaining way". All three games were released on November 6, 2007 in North America. Ubisoft followed with a PlayStation Portable version of My Spanish Coach, releasing it in North America on October 7, 2008; Wii versions of My French Coach and My Spanish Coach were released in Europe on November 30, 2007. The European releases for My French Coach, titled My French Coach Level 1: Beginners, and My Spanish Coach, renamed My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners, were accompanied by My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate and My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate, the next games in the series. ## Reception \| Aggregator \| Score \| Score \| \| Aggregator \| DS \| PSP \| \| ------------ \| ------------------------- \| ------------ \| \| GameRankings \| 80.00% (MFC) 75.29% (MSC) \| 60.00% (MSC) \| \| Metacritic \| 73 of 100 (MSC) \| N/A \| \| Publication \| Score \| Score \| \| Publication \| DS \| PSP \| \| --------------------- \| ----------------------------- \| --------------- \| \| Eurogamer \| 7.0 of 10[n 1] \| N/A \| \| GameZone \| 7.0 of 10[n 1] \| N/A \| \| IGN \| 7.0 of 10[n 1] \| 7.0 of 10 (MSC) \| \| Nintendo World Report \| 9.5 of 10 (MFC) 7 of 10 (MSC) \| N/A \| My French Coach and My Spanish Coach have received generally favorable reviews from several video game publications. On Metacritic, a website that compiles scores from various video game reviews, My Spanish Coach received a 73/100, based on seven reviews. In a review of the DS versions of both games, IGN called them a "great learning experience" and a more entertaining alternative to traditional methods of learning French and Spanish such as "[h]ours of boring exercises and outdated videos". Eurogamer claimed the games were not substitutes for proper language lessons, but admitted that "as tools for improving your language skills, whether you're starting from scratch or have some basic knowledge, they're great". In a review of the DS version of My French Coach, Nintendo World Report called the game "not be the hottest game to ever sit in your DS, but it is an unusually polished product that achieves the edutainment holy grail – it makes learning easy and fun". During the 2007 Christmas holiday season, video game retailer GameStop recommended My Spanish Coach for "The Academic Gamer". My Spanish Coach led all Nintendo DS games in sales during the week of August 15, 2008 to August 21, 2008. The gameplay received mixed reviews from critics. In a review of the PSP version of My Spanish Coach, IGN noted that acquiring mastery points in the minigames lead to "quite a bit of grinding" due to the game's repetitive structure. Nevertheless, IGN accepted that the repetition was an effective way to learn the vocabulary, and noted that "[p]icking up on things like gender and age, emphasis and the breakdowns of the actual language itself and proper/casual ways of conversing are made fairly clear and reinforced regularly". IGN's review of the DS versions of both games commented that neither game taught the future or past tense, calling it one of the "most disappointing" aspects of the game, but praised the effective incorporation of the DS stylus into the minigames. Eurogamer noted that the minigames were "only really good for practicing reading" due to a lack of games for practicing proper speaking, but GameZone disagreed, noting that the player was able to hear their attempt to speak the French or Spanish words alongside the correct pronunciation during lessons, and praised this aspect as the "most interesting and intriguing feature of [My French Coach and My Spanish Coach]". In a review of the DS version of My Spanish Coach, Nintendo World Report lamented that many of the minigames "exhibit the same type of unimaginative boringness" and that "it takes ages to unlock new lessons and mini-games"; however, it noted that the minigames were "extremely effective" and "constructed extremely well" in terms of teaching the language. Nintendo World Report's review of the DS version of My French Coach called the game's reference section "a very handy travel dictionary", noting that having a dictionary list and a phrasebook with audio files that could bookmark chosen phrases was "an absurd value". The games' graphics and audio also received praise and criticism from reviewers. IGN's review of the PSP version of My Spanish Coach noted that the fact that the game appeared on multiple platforms contributed to its "sparse look and feel" because the games' graphics and audio were made for the Nintendo DS. Eurogamer praised the games' "clean, crisp visuals" and "jolly accordion music and jolly fiesta music". In contrast, IGN's review of the DS versions of both games called the music "catchy but repetitive" and the graphics "cute but nothing to write home about". GameZone noted that "[t]he visual concept was obviously not a front runner in [the games'] conception", and that the audio of neither game "[does] anything remotely special". Nintendo World Report made note of the games' narrator during the lessons, praising its "clear and coherent glory" in terms of pronouncing the words correctly.	enwiki/14938293	enwiki	14,938,293	My French Coach and My Spanish Coach	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_French_Coach_and_My_Spanish_Coach	2025-05-03T12:36:50Z	en	Q10334093	147,431	{{Short description\|2007 video game}} {{Infobox video game \|title = ''My French Coach''<br>''My Spanish Coach'' \|italic title = no \|image = [[Image:My French Coach cover art.jpg]] [[Image:My Spanish Coach Coverart.png]] \|caption = Box art of the North American releases of ''My French Coach'' (top) and ''My Spanish Coach'' (bottom) \|developer = [[Sensory Sweep Studios]] \|publisher = [[Ubisoft]] \|released = '''Nintendo DS'''<ref name="GFAQsDSDataMSC">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/portable/ds/data/939690.html\|title=My Spanish Coach Release Information for DS\|publisher=[[GameFAQs]]\|access-date=2009-03-16}}</ref><ref name="NWRMFCProfileDS">{{cite web\|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=13992\|title=Game Info: My French Coach (DS)\|publisher=Nintendo World Report\|access-date=2009-03-16\|archive-date=2009-04-25\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425030122/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=13992\|url-status=live}}</ref><br />{{vgrelease\|NA\|November 6, 2007}}{{vgrelease\|PAL\|November 23, 2007}}'''Wii'''<ref name="GFAQsWiiData">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/wii/data/944276.html\|title=My Spanish Coach Release Information for Wii\|publisher=[[GameFAQs]]\|access-date=2009-03-16\|archive-date=2009-02-25\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225005929/http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/wii/data/944276.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NWRMFCProfileWii">{{cite web\|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=15021\|title=Game Info: My French Coach (Wii)\|publisher=Nintendo World Report\|access-date=2009-03-16}}</ref><br />{{vgrelease\|PAL\|November 30, 2007}}'''PlayStation Portable'''<ref name="IGNPSPReview">{{cite web\|url=http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p1.html\|title=My Spanish Coach Review (PSP) - Page 1\|publisher=[[IGN]]\|author=Bishop, Sam\|date=2008-10-23\|access-date=2009-03-16\|archive-date=2009-02-21\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221161138/http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p1.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><br />(''My Spanish Coach'')<br />{{vgrelease\|NA\|October 7, 2008\|EU\|October 2008}}'''iOS'''<br />June 6, 2009 \|genre = [[Educational game\|Educational]], [[Puzzle video game\|puzzle]] \|modes = [[Single-player]] \|platforms = [[Nintendo DS]], [[Wii]], [[PlayStation Portable]], [[iOS]] }} '''''My French Coach''''' and '''''My Spanish Coach''''' are [[educational game]]s developed by [[Sensory Sweep Studios]] and published by [[Ubisoft]] for the [[Nintendo DS]], [[iOS]], [[PlayStation Portable]], and [[Wii]]. They are part of Ubisoft's ''[[My Coach]]'' series, and were released for the Nintendo DS on November 6, 2007 in North America, for the Wii on November 23, 2007 in Europe,<ref name="GFAQsWiiData"/><ref name="NWRMFCProfileWii"/> and ''My Spanish Coach'' was released for the PlayStation Portable on October 7, 2008, and iOS on June 6, 2009.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> For their releases in Europe and Australia, the games were renamed ''My French Coach Level 1: Beginners'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners''.<ref name="GFAQsDSDataMSC"/> French and Spanish language teachers assisted with development of the gameplay for both games, which concentrates on teaching French or Spanish using lessons and [[minigames]].<ref name="EurogamerReview">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/my-coach-roundup-review?page=2\|title=My Coach Roundup Review - Page 2 // DS\|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]\|author=Gibson, Ellie\|date=March 12, 2008\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> As the player progresses the lessons, the gameplay uses increasingly complex words and phrases. The games received praise and criticism from various [[Video game journalism\|video game publications]]; they praised the games' effectiveness in teaching the language, but lamented their repetitive nature. The next installments in the series, titled ''My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate'', also developed and published by Ubisoft, were released in Europe on November 23, 2007 alongside their ''Level 1'' counterparts.<ref name="GameSpotLevel2Data">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myspanishcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary\|title=My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate for DS - Technical Information, Game Information, Technical Support\|publisher=[[GameSpot]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> ==Gameplay== [[File:MySpanishCoachGameplay.jpg\|thumb\|left\|The player going through the vocabulary given during the 44th lesson in ''My Spanish Coach''; the player can listen to the pronunciation of the words in this sequence.]] The gameplay of ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' consists of the player completing lessons that introduce new vocabulary and then focus on mastering the words through several [[puzzle video game\|puzzles]]. As the player progresses through the game, the words increase in difficulty. When first starting the game, the player takes an introductory test that gauges their initial comprehension level of the French or Spanish language.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> The player is then placed into a level reflective of the score they received on the test. A player who scores highly will be able to skip many of the initial levels and more basic concepts.<ref name="IGNDSReview">{{cite web\|url=http://ds.ign.com/articles/836/836806p1.html\|title=My Spanish Coach Review (DS)\|publisher=[[IGN]]\|author=Sullivan, Meghan\|date=November 20, 2007\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> When starting a lesson, the player is shown ten new words, which include [[nouns]], [[verbs]], [[adjectives]], or [[adverbs]], as well as their meanings and proper enunciation.<ref name="GUIDE8">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=8}}</ref> Following this, the player is offered a choice of eight minigames to test their knowledge of the words given in the lesson.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> These minigames are Multiple Choice, Hit-A-Word, Word Find, Flash Cards, Fill in the Blank, Memory, Bridge Builder, and Spelltastic.<ref name="IGNPSPReviewP2">{{cite web\|url=http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p2.html\|title=My Spanish Coach Review (PSP) - Page 2\|publisher=[[IGN]]\|author=Bishop, Sam\|date=2008-10-23\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=2011-05-27\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527204424/http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p2.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In Multiple Choice, the player must select the correct French or Spanish translation of an English word from four choices in a limited time frame.<ref name="GUIDE10">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=10}}</ref> Hit-A-Word is a [[Whac-A-Mole]] game in which the player must hit the most moles with the correct translation of an English word within the allotted time.<ref name="GUIDE11">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=11}}</ref> Word Find is a [[word search]] in which the player must find the French or Spanish translations of a set of English words or phrases.<ref name="GUIDE12">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=12}}</ref> In Flash Cards, the player is given a French or Spanish word and must choose the card with the proper English translation.<ref name="GUIDE12"/> In Memory, the player must select from a set of face-down cards a French or Spanish word and its English translation.<ref name="GUIDE13">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=13}}</ref> Bridge Builder tests sentence structure; the player has to construct a proper sentence from a set of given words.<ref name="GUIDE14">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=14}}</ref> In Spelltastic, the player listens to a French or Spanish word and spells it using a keyboard within the allotted time.<ref name="GUIDE14"/> For Fill-in-the-Blank, the player selects the proper conjugation of a French or Spanish verb within a sentence.<ref name="GUIDE15">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=15}}</ref> Whenever a player correctly answers a question or solves a puzzle in a minigame, they gain "mastery points" on the word they successfully answered. The minigames can be increased in difficulty; on higher difficulty levels, players will acquire more mastery points when successfully completing a minigame.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> For instance, in Multiple Choice, the player has 50 seconds to select an answer for a question on the "Easy" difficulty, and will receive two mastery points for each correct answer. On the "Medium" difficulty, the player has 40 seconds to select an answer and receives three mastery points for each correct answer.<ref name="GUIDE10"/> The process continues until the player scores fifteen mastery points for every word, allowing the player to proceed to the next lesson.<ref name="GUIDE16">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=16}}</ref> Following the completion of all fifty lessons, the player can continue to learn new words through "open lessons" that contain ten new vocabulary words apiece; the dictionaries of both games each hold nearly 10,000 words.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/><ref name="IGNDSReview"/><ref name="GUIDE9">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=9}}</ref><ref name="GameSpotPressRelease">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/strategy/myspanishcoach/news.html?sid=6182365&om_act=convert&om_clk=gsupdates&tag=updates;title;2\|title=Top News Stories for My Spanish Coach on DS\|publisher=[[GameSpot]]\|date=November 6, 2007\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> The player can freely access the reference section, which contains a dictionary and phrasebook, at any time. Both the dictionary and phrasebook hold all of the words and phrases in each game, as well as meanings and audio files for both; the player can look through different categories of words and phrases, use a search function, and bookmark chosen phrases.<ref name="GUIDE18">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=18}}</ref><ref name="GUIDE19">{{cite book \|editor=Ubisoft\|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual\|year=2007\|publisher=Ubisoft\|page=19}}</ref><ref name="NWRReviewMFC">{{cite web\|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=15148\|title=DS Review: My French Coach\|publisher=Nintendo World Report\|author=Metts, Jonathan\|date=January 20, 2008\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=April 26, 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426223304/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=15148\|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Development== ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' are two of the first three games Ubisoft released for the ''My Coach'' series; the other game is ''[[My Word Coach]]''. During the course of their development by Sensory Sweep Studios, the lessons and minigames were created with the help of French and Spanish language teachers.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> Ubisoft announced the creation of a new division to create the ''My Coach'' series on May 21, 2007, and that Pauline Jacquey, the producer of the ''[[Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon]]'' and ''[[Rayman]]'' series, would lead the division. When commenting on the direction of the ''My Coach'' series, Jacquey said that she was "developing projects that make people feel that playing games is worth their while, allowing them to spend quality time with family and friends, learn a new skill, or improve their daily lives".<ref name="GamasutraDivisionCreation">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=14021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524044536/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=14021\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=May 24, 2007\|title=Ubisoft Makes Serious, Casual Moves With My Coach\|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]\|author=Boyer, Brandon\|date=May 21, 2007\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot commented that, "The timing is right for us to leverage our creativity and to open up the video games market to new consumers who will be attracted by content that can help them learn, grow and feel better in an entertaining way".<ref name="GamasutraDivisionCreation"/> All three games were released on November 6, 2007 in North America.<ref name="GameSpotPressRelease"/> Ubisoft followed with a PlayStation Portable version of ''My Spanish Coach'', releasing it in North America on October 7, 2008; Wii versions of ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' were released in Europe on November 30, 2007.<ref name="GFAQsWiiData"/><ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> The European releases for ''My French Coach'', titled ''My French Coach Level 1: Beginners'', and ''My Spanish Coach'', renamed ''My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners'', were accompanied by ''My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate'', the next games in the series.<ref name="GameSpotLevel2Data"/><ref name="GameSpotMFCLevel2Data">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myfrenchcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary\|title=My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate for DS - Technical Information, Game Information, Technical Support\|publisher=[[GameSpot]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=April 27, 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427112011/http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myfrenchcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary\|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Reception== {{Video game reviews \| DS = true \| PSP = true \| na = true \| GameZone_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="GameZoneReview">{{cite web\|url=http://nds.gamezone.com/gzreviews/r33738.htm\|title=My Spanish Coach Review\|publisher=GameZone\|author=Folkers, Brandon\|date=2007-11-26\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721164207/http://nds.gamezone.com/gzreviews/r33738.htm <!--Added by H3llBot-->\|archive-date=July 21, 2011}}</ref>{{Ref\|1\|[n 1]}} \| EuroG_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="EurogamerReview"/>{{Ref\|1\|[n 1]}} \| IGN_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="IGNDSReview"/>{{Ref\|1\|[n 1]}} \| IGN_PSP = 7.0 of 10 (''MSC'')<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> \| NWR_DS = 9.5 of 10 (''MFC'')<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/><br/>7 of 10 (''MSC'')<ref name="NWRReview">{{cite web\|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=16514\|title=DS Review: My Spanish Coach\|publisher=Nintendo World Report\|author=Basire, Casey\|date=August 1, 2008\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=April 24, 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424220749/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=16514\|url-status=live}}</ref> \| MC_DS = 73 of 100 (''MSC'')<ref name="MetacriticReview">{{cite web\|url=http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ds/myspanishcoach\|title=My Spanish Coach (ds: 2007): Reviews\|publisher=[[Metacritic]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=April 17, 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417012912/http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ds/myspanishcoach\|url-status=dead}}</ref> \| GR_DS = 80.00% (''MFC'')<ref name="GameRankingsDSMFC">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939691-my-french-coach/index.html\|title=My French Coach for DS\|publisher=[[GameRankings]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=February 12, 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212025402/http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939691-my-french-coach/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><br />75.29% (''MSC'')<ref name="GameRankingsDS">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939690-my-spanish-coach/index.html\|title=My Spanish Coach for DS\|publisher=[[GameRankings]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011\|archive-date=October 3, 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003045732/http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939690-my-spanish-coach/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> \| GR_PSP = 60.00% (''MSC'')<ref name="GameRankingsPSP">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/psp/951606-my-spanish-coach/index.html\|title=My Spanish Coach for PSP\|publisher=[[GameRankings]]\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> }} ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' have received generally favorable reviews from several video game publications. On [[Metacritic]], a website that compiles scores from various video game reviews, ''My Spanish Coach'' received a 73/100, based on seven reviews.<ref name="MetacriticReview"/> In a review of the DS versions of both games, IGN called them a "great learning experience" and a more entertaining alternative to traditional methods of learning French and Spanish such as "[h]ours of boring exercises and outdated videos".<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> [[Eurogamer]] claimed the games were not substitutes for proper language lessons, but admitted that "as tools for improving your language skills, whether you're starting from scratch or have some basic knowledge, they're great".<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> In a review of the DS version of ''My French Coach'', Nintendo World Report called the game "not be the hottest game to ever sit in your DS, but it is an unusually polished product that achieves the edutainment holy grail – it makes learning easy and fun".<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/> During the 2007 Christmas holiday season, video game retailer [[GameStop]] recommended ''My Spanish Coach'' for "The Academic Gamer".<ref name="GamasutraGameStopPromotion">{{cite web\|url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/gamestop-highlights-holiday-season-trends\|title=GameStop Highlights Holiday Season Trends\|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]\|author=Alexander, Leigh\|date=November 7, 2007\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> ''My Spanish Coach'' led all Nintendo DS games in sales during the week of August 15, 2008 to August 21, 2008.<ref name="GamasutraSales">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=19959\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827210722/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=19959\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=August 27, 2008\|title=Saling The World: Vesperia, Wii Fit, Madden Rule Roost\|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]\|author=Cowan, Danny\|date=August 22, 2008\|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> The gameplay received mixed reviews from critics. In a review of the PSP version of ''My Spanish Coach'', ''IGN'' noted that acquiring mastery points in the minigames lead to "quite a bit of [[Grind (gaming)\|grinding]]" due to the game's repetitive structure.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> Nevertheless, ''IGN'' accepted that the repetition was an effective way to learn the vocabulary, and noted that "[p]icking up on things like [[Grammatical gender\|gender]] and age, emphasis and the breakdowns of the actual language itself and proper/casual ways of conversing are made fairly clear and reinforced regularly".<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> IGN's review of the DS versions of both games commented that neither game taught the [[Future tense\|future]] or [[past tense]], calling it one of the "most disappointing" aspects of the game, but praised the effective incorporation of the [[Nintendo DS#Input and output\|DS stylus]] into the minigames.<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> ''Eurogamer'' noted that the minigames were "only really good for practicing reading" due to a lack of games for practicing proper speaking,<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> but ''GameZone'' disagreed, noting that the player was able to hear their attempt to speak the French or Spanish words alongside the correct pronunciation during lessons, and praised this aspect as the "most interesting and intriguing feature of [''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'']".<ref name="GameZoneReview"/> In a review of the DS version of ''My Spanish Coach'', ''Nintendo World Report'' lamented that many of the minigames "exhibit the same type of unimaginative boringness" and that "it takes ages to unlock new lessons and mini-games"; however, it noted that the minigames were "extremely effective" and "constructed extremely well" in terms of teaching the language.<ref name="NWRReview"/> ''Nintendo World Report'''s review of the DS version of ''My French Coach'' called the game's reference section "a very handy travel dictionary", noting that having a dictionary list and a phrasebook with audio files that could bookmark chosen phrases was "an absurd value".<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/> The games' graphics and audio also received praise and criticism from reviewers. IGN's review of the PSP version of ''My Spanish Coach'' noted that the fact that the game appeared on multiple platforms contributed to its "sparse look and feel" because the games' graphics and audio were made for the Nintendo DS.<ref name="IGNPSPReviewP2"/> ''Eurogamer'' praised the games' "clean, crisp visuals" and "jolly accordion music and jolly fiesta music".<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> In contrast, IGN's review of the DS versions of both games called the music "catchy but repetitive" and the graphics "cute but nothing to write home about".<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> ''GameZone'' noted that "[t]he visual concept was obviously not a front runner in [the games'] conception", and that the audio of neither game "[does] anything remotely special". ''Nintendo World Report'' made note of the games' narrator during the lessons, praising its "clear and coherent glory" in terms of pronouncing the words correctly.<ref name="NWRReview"/> ==See also== {{Portal\|Video games}} [[List of Ubisoft games]] ==References== {{Reflist\|2}} ;Notes {{Refbegin}} #{{note\|1}} Review covers both ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach''. {{Refend}} ==External links== [http://mywordcoach.us.ubi.com/my_french_coach.php Official website of ''My French Coach''] *[http://mywordcoach.us.ubi.com/my_spanish_coach.php Official website of ''My Spanish Coach''] {{My Coach series}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach''}} {{good article}} {{DEFAULTSORT:My French Coach And My Spanish Coach}} [[Category:2007 video games]] [[Category:Language learning video games]] [[Category:IOS games]] [[Category:Nintendo DS games]] [[Category:PlayStation Portable games]] [[Category:Puzzle video games]] [[Category:Ubisoft games]] [[Category:Video games developed in the United States]] [[Category:Wii games]] [[Category:Sensory Sweep Studios games]] [[Category:Single-player video games]]	1,288,557,081	[{"title": "My French Coach \u00b7 My Spanish Coach", "data": {"Developer(s)": "Sensory Sweep Studios", "Publisher(s)": "Ubisoft", "Platform(s)": "Nintendo DS, Wii, PlayStation Portable, iOS", "Release": "Nintendo DS \u00b7 - NA: November 6, 2007 - PAL: November 23, 2007 Wii \u00b7 - PAL: November 30, 2007 PlayStation Portable \u00b7 (My Spanish Coach) \u00b7 - NA: October 7, 2008 - EU: October 2008 iOS \u00b7 June 6, 2009", "Genre(s)": "Educational, puzzle", "Mode(s)": "Single-player"}}]	false
# Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne This is a list of results for the 2024 Victorian local elections in the South-Eastern Melbourne region. South-Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of Bayside, Cardinia, Casey, Frankston, Glen Eira, Greater Dandenong, Kingston, Mornington Peninsula and Stonnington. ## Bayside Bayside City Council is composed of seven single-member wards. ### Bayside results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ------ \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 42,161 \| 70.05 \| –9.61 \| 4 \| 3 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 16,975 \| 28.20 \| +16.97 \| 3 \| 3 \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 652 \| 1.08 \| –6.73 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 402 \| 0.67 \| +0.67 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 60,190 \| 94.82 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 3,288 \| 5.18 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 63,478 \| 100.00 \| \| 7 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 75,633 \| 83.93 \| \| \| \| ### Beckett \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| -------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Debbie Taylor-Haynes \| 3,337 \| 37.78 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Chris Sutton \| 3,130 \| 35.44 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Garry Hoover \| 1,553 \| 17.58 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jess Clark \| 812 \| 9.19 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,832 \| 97.66 \| +0.53 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 212 \| 2.34 \| –0.53 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,044 \| 86.96 \| –1.22 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Debbie Taylor-Haynes \| 4,797 \| 54.31 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Chris Sutton \| 4,035 \| 45.69 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Bleazby \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Robert Irlicht \| 2,535 \| 27.84 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lily Andrews \| 1,580 \| 17.35 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Jenson Galvin \| 1,556 \| 17.09 \| \| \| \| Independent \| John Rundell \| 1,515 \| 16.64 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Lyn Maver \| 1,189 \| 13.06 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tony Fischetto \| 401 \| 4.40 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jerry Soldatos \| 330 \| 3.62 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,106 \| 96.23 \| +1.41 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 357 \| 3.77 \| –1.41 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,463 \| 82.83 \| –2.50 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Robert Irlicht \| 5,376 \| 59.04 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lily Andrews \| 3,730 \| 40.96 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Boyd \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| --------------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Kylie McIntosh \| 1,973 \| 21.54 \| +10.25 \| \| \| Independent \| Jane Ev Proskurnya \| 1,900 \| 20.74 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Fiona Stitfold \| 1,471 \| 16.06 \| –0.40 \| \| \| Independent \| Christine Barca \| 1,155 \| 12.61 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Williams \| 1,034 \| 11.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Faiza Nouman \| 868 \| 9.48 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Nicholas Healey \| 758 \| 8.28 \| −10.26 \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,159 \| 96.62 \| +0.09 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 320 \| 3.38 \| –0.09 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,479 \| 84.75 \| –1.00 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kylie McIntosh \| 5,443 \| 59.43 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jane Ev Proskurnya \| 3,716 \| 40.57 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| Independent gain from Independent \| Swing \| \| \| ### Castlefield \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Colleen Harkin \| 1,820 \| 20.31 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Elli Murray \| 1,282 \| 14.30 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kevin Howard \| 1,235 \| 13.78 \| +6.18 \| \| \| Independent \| Tim Wood \| 1,202 \| 13.41 \| +10.60 \| \| \| Independent \| Hamish Hughes \| 720 \| 8.03 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Toni Armstrong \| 398 \| 4.44 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Karen Clements \| 375 \| 4.18 \| \| \| \| Independent \| James D. Catlin \| 371 \| 4.14 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bella Irlicht \| 315 \| 3.51 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anne Elizabeth Fitzgerald \| 312 \| 3.48 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jarrod Kanizay \| 241 \| 2.69 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Amanda McSweeney \| 202 \| 2.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Richard Campbell \| 191 \| 2.13 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Robyn Buccheri \| 160 \| 1.79 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Penelope Ann Hansen \| 138 \| 1.54 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,962 \| 92.51 \| –3.83 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 726 \| 7.49 \| +3.83 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,688 \| 83.68 \| –2.80 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Elli Murray \| 4,651 \| 51.90 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Colleen Harkin \| 4,311 \| 48.10 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Dendy \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Hanna El Mouallem \| 2,592 \| 32.53 \| +15.00 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Michael Heffernan \| 1,539 \| 19.31 \| –5.51 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Thomas Bartels \| 380 \| 4.77 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joshua Goldstat \| 366 \| 4.59 \| –2.93 \| \| \| Independent \| Natalie French \| 357 \| 4.48 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lindsey Joffe \| 339 \| 4.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Alex Nutman \| 320 \| 4.02 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joanne Bryant \| 313 \| 3.93 \| –10.89 \| \| \| Independent \| Terence Scanlon \| 280 \| 3.51 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Isabella Do Rozario-Romic \| 264 \| 3.31 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ming Min Xu \| 235 \| 2.95 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hugh McFadden \| 172 \| 2.16 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mark Tseytlin \| 169 \| 2.12 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Lurie \| 158 \| 1.98 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Steve Wolf \| 137 \| 1.72 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mike Rawlinson \| 132 \| 1.66 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Greg Smith \| 119 \| 1.49 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Paras Georgoulos \| 97 \| 1.22 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,969 \| 92.30 \| –4.22 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 665 \| 7.70 \| +4.22 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,634 \| 80.75 \| –2.51 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hanna El Mouallem \| 4,926 \| 61.81 \| +8.59 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Michael Heffernan \| 3,043 \| 38.19 \| –8.59 \| \| \| Independent hold \| Independent hold \| Swing \| +8.59 \| \| ### Ebden \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| ------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Geoff Leigh \| 2,467 \| 30.41 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Laurence Evans \| 1,610 \| 19.84 \| –11.02 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Calista Clements \| 1,119 \| 13.79 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Clifford Maillard \| 727 \| 8.96 \| –2.73 \| \| \| Independent \| Matthew Kaplan \| 675 \| 8.32 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Janet Abadee \| 653 \| 8.05 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ian Cochrane \| 365 \| 4.50 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Timothy David Watts \| 263 \| 3.24 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Perry \| 234 \| 2.88 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,113 \| 95.79 \| –1.53 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 357 \| 4.21 \| +1.53 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,470 \| 84.71 \| –1.54 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Geoff Leigh \| 4,633 \| 57.11 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Laurence Evans \| 3,480 \| 42.89 \| –17.63 \| \| \| Independent Liberal gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Ivison \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Andrew Hockley \| 3,821 \| 47.47 \| \| \| \| Independent \| James Long \| 955 \| 11.86 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sonia Castelli \| 833 \| 10.35 \| –10.32 \| \| \| Greens \| Alysia Regan \| 652 \| 8.10 \| −0.99 \| \| \| Independent \| Brandon Hoult \| 580 \| 7.21 \| –2.54 \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Liam Kruger \| 402 \| 4.99 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anastasia Sagris-Desmond \| 337 \| 4.19 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nicholas Batzialas \| 311 \| 3.86 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lyn Austin \| 158 \| 1.96 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,049 \| 95.48 \| –0.64 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 381 \| 4.52 \| +0.64 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,430 \| 81.40 \| –1.76 \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Andrew Hockley \| 4,109 \| 51.05 \| \| \| \| Independent \| James Long \| 1,154 \| 14.34 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sonia Castelli \| 1,055 \| 13.11 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Alysia Regan \| 1,002 \| 12.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Brandon Hoult \| 729 \| 9.06 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ## Cardinia Cardinia Shire Council is composed of nine single-member wards. On 16 April 2021, Westernport Ward councillor Ray Brown died after a prolonged illness. A by-election was held in 24 July 2021 and was won by Independent Liberal candidate Kaye Cameron. ### Cardinia results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| ----------------- \| ----------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 39,041 \| 67.22 \| \| 7 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 9,318 \| 16.04 \| \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 4,288 \| 7.38 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Independent Libertarian \| 3,720 \| 6.41 \| \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 875 \| 1.51 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 834 \| 1.44 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 58,076 \| 95.75 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 2,575 \| 4.25 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 60,651 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters \| Registered voters \| Registered voters \| 82,745 \| \| \| \| \| ### Beacon Hills \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Brett Owen \| 6,036 \| 76.48 \| +10.88 \| \| \| Independent \| Kylie Wagstaff \| 1,856 \| 23.52 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,892 \| 95.46 \| –2.52 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 375 \| 4.54 \| +2.52 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,267 \| 86.31 \| –0.20 \| \| \| Independent hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Bunyip \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Alanna Pomeroy \| 3,929 \| 55.67 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Travis Parker \| 3,129 \| 44.33 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,058 \| 95.51 \| –1.79 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 332 \| 4.49 \| +1.79 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,390 \| 83.61 \| –0.14 \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Central \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Collin Ross \| 5,519 \| 76.61 \| +26.31 \| \| \| Independent \| Rekha Devdas Naidu \| 1,685 \| 23.39 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,204 \| 94.94 \| –2.06 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 384 \| 5.06 \| +2.06 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,588 \| 81.50 \| +0.88 \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Henty \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Liz Roberts \| 2,550 \| 36.51 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Carol Ryan \| 1,735 \| 24.84 \| +0.52 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Shoheli Sunjida \| 1,083 \| 15.51 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Stephanie Grigg \| 834 \| 11.94 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Cecilia Rabecca Mphande \| 782 \| 11.20 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,984 \| 96.29 \| +0.19 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 269 \| 3.71 \| –0.19 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,253 \| 78.39 \| +1.22 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Liz Roberts \| 4,247 \| 60.81 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Carol Ryan \| 2,737 \| 39.19 \| –16.16 \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent Labor \| \| \| \| \| ### Officer \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| -------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Samantha-Jane Potter \| 4,866 \| 67.72 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ron Malhotra \| 2,319 \| 32.28 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,185 \| 95.62 \| –0.61 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 329 \| 4.38 \| +0.61 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,514 \| 82.74 \| +0.74 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Pakenham Hills \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| --------- \| - \| -- \| \| \| Independent \| Jack Kowarzik \| unopposed \| \| \| \| Registered electors \| Registered electors \| Registered electors \| 8,719 \| \| \| \| \| Independent hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Ranges \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| --------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| -- \| \| \| Independent \| David Nickell \| 2,841 \| 37.73 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jeff Springfield \| 2,732 \| 36.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Catherine Oldenburger \| 1,956 \| 25.98 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,529 \| 96.39 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 282 \| 3.61 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,811 \| 81.85 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Nickell \| 4,066 \| 54.00 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jeff Springfield \| 3,463 \| 46.00 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Toomuc \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| -------------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Casey Thomsen \| 2,674 \| 36.64 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Stephanie Marie Davies \| 2,468 \| 33.81 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Amirthalingam Dhileepan \| 1,282 \| 17.56 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Rodrigo Alonso Bardales Salguero \| 875 \| 11.99 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,299 \| 97.19 \| +0.24 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 211 \| 2.81 \| –0.24 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,510 \| 80.71 \| +1.05 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Casey Thomsen \| 3,728 \| 51.08 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Stephanie Marie Davies \| 3,571 \| 48.92 \| –1.58 \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Westernport \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ----------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Trudi Paton \| 3,720 \| 53.72 \| +53.72 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Kaye Cameron \| 3,205 \| 46.28 \| −14.70 \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,925 \| 94.63 \| +0.22 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 393 \| 5.37 \| −0.22 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,318 \| 82.71 \| +4.76 \| \| \| Independent Libertarian gain from Independent Liberal \| \| \| \| \| ## Casey Casey City Council is composed of twelve single-member wards. The council increased from eleven members to twelve prior to the 2024 election; members were previously elected across six wards (five two-member and one single-member). This is the first election for the City of Casey since 2016, as the council was dismissed and put into administration in February 2020. ### Casey results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 134,110 \| 69.62 \| 10 \| 10 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 31,798 \| 16.51 \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 12,082 \| 6.27 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Independent Freedom \| 4,623 \| 2.40 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Libertarian \| Libertarian \| 3,109 \| 1.61 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Independent Libertarian \| 2,575 \| 1.34 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 2,451 \| 1.27 \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Family First \| Independent Family First \| 1,893 \| 0.98 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 192,641 \| 95.93 \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 8,169 \| 4.07 \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 200,810 \| 100.00 \| 12 \| 1 \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 246,948 \| 81.32 \| \| \| ### Akoonah \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Samuel Dennison \| 4,235 \| 25.94 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Scott William Dowling \| 3,603 \| 22.07 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Dianne Pagliuca \| 2,774 \| 16.99 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mush Rahaman \| 2,567 \| 15.72 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kushal Shah \| 1,949 \| 11.94 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Patrick R. Ferdinands \| 1,201 \| 7.36 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,329 \| 97.12 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 485 \| 2.88 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 16,814 \| 81.43 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Scott William Dowling \| 8,489 \| 51.99 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Samuel Dennison \| 7,840 \| 48.01 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Casuarina \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kim Ross \| 3,494 \| 20.75 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Rex Flannery \| 2,011 \| 11.94 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Lyndon Samuel \| 1,927 \| 11.44 \| \| \| \| Independent Family First \| Jane Foreman \| 1,893 \| 11.24 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Morteza Ali \| 1,844 \| 10.95 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bassir Qaridi \| 1,356 \| 8.05 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Suzanne Carmody \| 1,311 \| 7.78 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Rex Lazaros \| 1,286 \| 7.64 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mariam Khaliqy \| 1,078 \| 6.40 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Michael Kelaart \| 642 \| 3.81 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,842 \| 94.43 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 993 \| 5.57 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 17,835 \| 80.81 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kim Ross \| 10,156 \| 60.30 \| \| \| \| Independent Family First \| Jane Foreman \| 6,686 \| 39.70 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Correa \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Gary Rowe \| 4,961 \| 29.50 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Kanu Aggarwal \| 4,193 \| 24.93 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tracey Ryan \| 3,555 \| 21.14 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Abdullah Neshat \| 2,148 \| 12.77 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shegofa Naseri \| 1,226 \| 7.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Onkar Singh Sandhawalia \| 736 \| 4.38 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,819 \| 96.20 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 664 \| 3.80 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 17,483 \| 79.23 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Gary Rowe \| 9,605 \| 57.11 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Kanu Aggarwal \| 7,214 \| 42.89 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Cranbourne Gardens \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Michelle Crowther \| 5,279 \| 32.32 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Lake \| 3,888 \| 23.80 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tamas Kapitany \| 3,013 \| 18.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jo Muir \| 1,627 \| 9.96 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Blessing Nhliziyo \| 1,315 \| 8.05 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mary Beth Melton \| 1,213 \| 7.43 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,335 \| 96.35 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 619 \| 3.65 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 16,954 \| 81.84 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Michelle Crowther \| 9,469 \| 57.97 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Lake \| 6,866 \| 42.03 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Dillwynia \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| -------------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Walter \| 3,233 \| 21.69 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joe Pang \| 2,519 \| 16.90 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Bissell \| 1,974 \| 13.24 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Gurpreet Gill \| 1,836 \| 12.32 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Baljinder Dhaliwal \| 1,535 \| 10.30 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Jaz Masuta Kamaljeet Singh \| 1,445 \| 9.69 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Dissanayake \| 1,376 \| 9.23 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Champika Hewa Maddumage \| 990 \| 6.64 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 14,908 \| 95.85 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 645 \| 4.15 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 15,553 \| 82.28 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Walter \| 8,246 \| 55.33 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joe Pang \| 6,659 \| 44.67 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Grevillea \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Carmen Powell \| 3,074 \| 17.83 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| John Ternel \| 2,809 \| 16.29 \| \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Stephen Matulec \| 2,575 \| 14.93 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Dave Perry \| 2,451 \| 14.21 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bernie Postma \| 2,145 \| 12.44 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| David Parr \| 1,685 \| 9.77 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Stephen Capon \| 1,307 \| 7.58 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Haroon Sayed \| 620 \| 3.60 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sinfree Chirunga \| 578 \| 3.35 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 17,244 \| 95.55 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 804 \| 4.45 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 18,048 \| 83.95 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Greens \| Dave Perry \| 8,758 \| 50.79 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Carmen Powell \| 8,486 \| 49.21 \| \| \| \| Greens win \| Greens win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Kalora \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Melinda Ambros \| 3,933 \| 23.56 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Brian Herbert Oates \| 2,652 \| 15.89 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Damien Sawyer \| 2,326 \| 13.93 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Zabi Mazoori \| 2,259 \| 13.53 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Jafri Katagara Luwanga \| 1,666 \| 9.98 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Duc Nguyen \| 1,196 \| 7.16 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Peterine Smulders \| 1,108 \| 6.64 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Fred Jover \| 817 \| 4.89 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Afroz Ahmed \| 736 \| 4.41 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,693 \| 95.20 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 842 \| 4.80 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 17,535 \| 83.17 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Melinda Ambros \| 9,444 \| 56.57 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Damien Sawyer \| 7,249 \| 43.43 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Kowan \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Kasuni Mendis \| 3,490 \| 21.53 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bernard Brian Carr \| 3,139 \| 19.37 \| \| \| \| Libertarian \| Christine Skrobo \| 3,109 \| 19.18 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shane Taylor \| 3,061 \| 18.89 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jawad Erfani \| 1,358 \| 8.38 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joby George \| 921 \| 5.68 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Gagan Bumrah \| 622 \| 3.84 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Raj Nayak \| 508 \| 3.13 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 16,208 \| 96.45 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 597 \| 3.55 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 16,805 \| 84.12 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shane Taylor \| 8,470 \| 52.26 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Kasuni Mendis \| 7,738 \| 47.74 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Quarters \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Carolyn Eaves \| 3,092 \| 20.05 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ian Wood \| 2,799 \| 18.15 \| \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Craig Baird \| 2,343 \| 15.19 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kuljeet Kaur Robinson \| 2,046 \| 13.27 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Aftab Hussain \| 2,043 \| 13.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jagdeep Singh Sukhija \| 1,730 \| 11.22 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Rolfe \| 1,037 \| 6.72 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ridvan Rasimi \| 334 \| 2.17 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 15,424 \| 96.16 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 616 \| 3.84 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 16,040 \| 79.63 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Carolyn Eaves \| 8,517 \| 55.22 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ian Wood \| 6,907 \| 44.78 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### River Gum \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Lynette Pereira \| 3,691 \| 24.41 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Wayne Smith \| 2,535 \| 16.77 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nazir Yousafi \| 2,351 \| 15.55 \| \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Geoff Hansen \| 2,280 \| 15.08 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Asher Coleman \| 2,111 \| 13.96 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Damien Rosario \| 1,117 \| 7.39 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Garry Page \| 1,033 \| 6.83 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 15,118 \| 96.10 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 614 \| 3.90 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 15,732 \| 80.27 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lynette Pereira \| 8,551 \| 56.56 \| \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Geoff Hansen \| 6,567 \| 43.44 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Tooradin \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Jennifer Dizon \| 4,164 \| 26.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Tassone \| 4,123 \| 26.19 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kuldeep Kaur \| 1,995 \| 12.67 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Andrew Gai \| 1,952 \| 12.40 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Yaghobi Ali \| 1,474 \| 9.36 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Brenton Kelly \| 1,407 \| 8.94 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Ravneet Singh \| 626 \| 3.98 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 15,741 \| 96.49 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 573 \| 3.51 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 16,314 \| 81.06 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jennifer Dizon \| 8,597 \| 54.62 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Tassone \| 7,144 \| 45.38 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Waratah \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Stefan Koomen \| 6,481 \| 43.26 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jamel Kaur Singh \| 3,245 \| 21.66 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nasser Yawari \| 2,352 \| 15.70 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Ezatullah Alam \| 1,959 \| 13.08 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Burak Dilbaz \| 943 \| 6.30 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 14,980 \| 95.43 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 717 \| 4.57 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 15,697 \| 78.19 \| \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Stefan Koomen \| 7,660 \| 51.13 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jamel Kaur Singh \| 3,961 \| 26.44 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nasser Yawari \| 3,359 \| 22.42 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ## Frankston Frankston City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Frankston results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 52,315 \| 66.88 \| \| 5 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 15,299 \| 19.56 \| \| 2 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 3,972 \| 5.08 \| \| 1 \| Steady \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 2,140 \| 2.74 \| \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Ind. Sustainable Australia \| Ind. Sustainable Australia \| 2,013 \| 2.57 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Independent Libertarian \| 1,724 \| 2.20 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 749 \| 0.96 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 78,212 \| 96.88 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 2,522 \| 3.12 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 80,734 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 101,147 \| 79.82 \| \| \| \| ### Ballam \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kris Bolam \| 3,852 \| 43.09 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Adam Marshal \| 1,846 \| 20.65 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Steven Hughes \| 1,624 \| 18.17 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Cristy Solis \| 1,618 \| 18.10 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,940 \| 97.11 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 266 \| 2.89 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,206 \| 77.12 \| \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kris Bolam \| 4,778 \| 53.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Adam Marshal \| 2,182 \| 24.41 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Steven Hughes \| 1,980 \| 22.15 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Centenary Park \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Michael O'Reilly \| 4,313 \| 47.96 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Maureen Rodgers \| 2,254 \| 25.07 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Shane Osborne \| 1,676 \| 18.64 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Andrew Cheeseman \| 749 \| 8.33 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,992 \| 96.97 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 281 \| 3.03 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,273 \| 82.89 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Michael O'Reilly \| 5,478 \| 60.92 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Maureen Rodgers \| 3,514 \| 39.08 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal win \| Independent Liberal win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Derinya \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Brad Hill \| 2,417 \| 26.62 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Liam Hughes \| 1,889 \| 20.81 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hans Vanderstadt \| 1,706 \| 18.79 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Cassandra Grace \| 1,285 \| 14.15 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ashleigh Hoult \| 1,236 \| 13.61 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Iva Babic \| 546 \| 6.01 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,079 \| 96.74 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 306 \| 3.26 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,385 \| 82.62 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Brad Hill \| 5,201 \| 57.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Liam Hughes \| 3,878 \| 42.71 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Elisabeth Murdoch \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------- \| -------------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Cherie Wanat \| 3,951 \| 40.92 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Stephen McDonald \| 2,423 \| 25.10 \| \| \| \| Independent Libertarian \| Chrysten Abraham \| 1,724 \| 17.86 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Suzette Tayler \| 1,202 \| 12.45 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Henryk Kay \| 355 \| 3.68 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Renee Jackson (ineligible) \| N/A \| N/A \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,655 \| 96.63 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 337 \| 3.37 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,992 \| 84.53 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Cherie Wanat \| 6,007 \| 62.22 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Stephen McDonald \| 3,648 \| 37.78 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Kananook \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Greens \| Emily Green \| 2,140 \| 27.43 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Glenn Aitken \| 1,999 \| 25.62 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lisa Stark \| 1,602 \| 20.53 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nathan Pither \| 1,358 \| 17.41 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Trent Stagg \| 703 \| 9.01 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,802 \| 97.14 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 230 \| 2.86 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,032 \| 75.60 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Greens \| Emily Green \| 4,192 \| 53.73 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Glenn Aitken \| 3,610 \| 46.27 \| \| \| \| Greens win \| Greens win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Lyrebird \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Steffie Conroy \| 3,385 \| 38.93 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sam Keats \| 2,907 \| 33.43 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Nathan Havis \| 2,403 \| 27.64 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,695 \| 96.57 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 309 \| 3.43 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,004 \| 79.51 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Steffie Conroy \| 4,537 \| 52.18 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sam Keats \| 4,158 \| 47.82 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal win \| Independent Liberal win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Pines \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Sue Baker \| 2,708 \| 36.39 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Justin Turner \| 2,288 \| 30.75 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bernadette Graus \| 1,245 \| 16.73 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Quinney Brownfield-Hanna \| 1,200 \| 16.13 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,441 \| 96.64 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 259 \| 3.36 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,700 \| 73.88 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sue Baker \| 4,266 \| 57.33 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Justin Turner \| 3,175 \| 42.67 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Wilton \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| David Asker \| 3,976 \| 42.93 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Annaliese Collison \| 3,127 \| 33.77 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Prasad Philip \| 1,234 \| 13.32 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Richard Rendell \| 924 \| 9.98 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,261 \| 97.29 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 258 \| 2.71 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,519 \| 82.31 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Asker \| 5,004 \| 54.03 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Annaliese Collison \| 4257 \| 45.97 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Yamala \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| -------------------------- \| ------------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Nathan Butler \| 2,986 \| 35.77 \| \| \| \| Ind. Sustainable Australia \| Sheila Newman \| 2,013 \| 24.12 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Alistair Wardle \| 1,526 \| 18.28 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Garry Ebbott \| 1,040 \| 12.46 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Steve Toms \| 782 \| 9.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ben Frawley (ineligible) \| N/A \| N/A \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,347 \| 96.80 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 276 \| 3.20 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,623 \| 79.07 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nathan Butler \| 5,161 \| 61.83 \| \| \| \| Ind. Sustainable Australia \| Sheila Newman \| 3,186 \| 38.17 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ## Glen Eira Glen Eira City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Glen Eira results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 57,980 \| 68.75 \| +15.39 \| 6 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 16,205 \| 19.78 \| +0.97 \| 3 \| Steady \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 4,253 \| 5.19 \| –3.77 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 1,647 \| 2.01 \| –11.56 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Libertarian \| Libertarian \| 1,060 \| 1.29 \| +0.67 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 785 \| 0.96 \| +0.96 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 81,930 \| 97.15 \| +2.31 \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 2,407 \| 2.85 \| –2.31 \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 84,337 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 102,201 \| 82.52 \| –0.66 \| \| \| ### Bambra \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Margaret Esakoff \| 3,542 \| 38.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Catherine McNaughton \| 1,621 \| 17.51 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shane Shmuel \| 1,418 \| 15.31 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Max Gross \| 1,137 \| 12.28 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anouchkar Caderamanpulle \| 721 \| 7.79 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Richard Codron \| 456 \| 4.92 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Elen David \| 364 \| 3.93 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,259 \| 96.95 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 291 \| 3.05 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,550 \| 82.78 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Margaret Esakoff \| 5,715 \| 61.72 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shane Shmuel \| 3,544 \| 38.28 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Booran \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jane Karslake \| 3,056 \| 34.11 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anne-Marie Cade \| 2,992 \| 33.40 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Cliff Carp \| 1,174 \| 13.10 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Meg Lyell \| 914 \| 10.20 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jeremy Koadlow \| 823 \| 9.19 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,959 \| 97.19 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 259 \| 2.81 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,218 \| 82.45 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jane Karslake \| 4,591 \| 51.24 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anne-Marie Cade \| 4,368 \| 48.76 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Caulfield Park \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| -------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Sam Parasol \| 5,154 \| 56.66 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Victor Deng \| 1,658 \| 18.23 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Jaynaya Travis \| 785 \| 8.63 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tammy Graeve \| 759 \| 8.34 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| James Steedman \| 740 \| 8.14 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,096 \| 97.95 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 190 \| 2.05 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,286 \| 79.55 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Jasper \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Arabella Daniel \| 4,582 \| 48.95 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Josh Lobo \| 3,600 \| 38.46 \| \| \| \| Independent \| J. Han \| 1,178 \| 12.59 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,360 \| 97.42 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 248 \| 2.58 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,608 \| 84.18 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Arabella Daniel \| 5,168 \| 55.21 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Josh Lobo \| 4,192 \| 44.79 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Mallanbool \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kimberley Young \| 4,037 \| 43.31 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jim Magee \| 3,230 \| 34.65 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nick Palamaras \| 1,391 \| 14.92 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Robert Breda \| 663 \| 7.11 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,321 \| 97.49 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 240 \| 2.51 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,561 \| 84.98 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kimberley Young \| 5,306 \| 56.93 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jim Magee \| 4,015 \| 43.07 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Moorleigh \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kay Rimbaldo \| 6,554 \| 71.50 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Karen Nisbet \| 2,612 \| 28.50 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,166 \| 95.44 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 438 \| 4.56 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,604 \| 84.06 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Murrumbeena \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Luca Ragni \| 2,828 \| 31.00 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Neil Pilling \| 2,704 \| 29.64 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Callum Bugbird \| 1,830 \| 20.06 \| \| \| \| Libertarian \| Matthew Aitken \| 1,060 \| 11.62 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Edward Kreymer \| 702 \| 7.69 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,124 \| 97.42 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 242 \| 2.58 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,366 \| 82.49 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Luca Ragni \| 4,880 \| 53.49 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Neil Pilling \| 4,244 \| 46.51 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Orrong \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Greens \| Sue Pennicuik \| 2,423 \| 28.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Simone Zmood \| 2,236 \| 26.11 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Yossi Salamon \| 1,991 \| 23.25 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Mike Craig \| 1,281 \| 14.96 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lily Steiner \| 634 \| 7.40 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,565 \| 97.56 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 214 \| 2.44 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,779 \| 78.14 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Simone Zmood \| 4,670 \| 54.52 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Sue Pennicuik \| 3,895 \| 45.48 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Wattle Grove \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Li Zhang \| 3,019 \| 33.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Angus Morrison \| 1,442 \| 15.88 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Eric Stone \| 1,390 \| 15.31 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Mish-elle Korn \| 1,191 \| 13.12 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Angie Glance \| 1,054 \| 11.61 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Emiko Hunt \| 504 \| 5.55 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kenneth Law \| 480 \| 5.29 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,080 \| 96.96 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 285 \| 3.04 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,365 \| 84.11 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Li Zhang \| 5,290 \| 58.26 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Angus Morrison \| 3,790 \| 41.74 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ## Greater Dandenong Greater Dandenong City Council is composed of 11 single-member wards. Greater Dandenong's ward structure was changed prior to the 2020 election, making this the second election with single-member wards. Keysborough South Ward councillor Rhonda Garad successfully contested Cleeland Ward. Independent Liberal councillor Tim Dark did not seek re-election in Keysborough Ward. ### Greater Dandenong results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| ----------------- \| -------------------- \| -------------------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ------ \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independents \| Independents \| 31,088 \| 46.04 \| +10.12 \| 2 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 29,937 \| 44.34 \| −13.32 \| 7 \| 1 \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 5,728 \| 8.48 \| +5.66 \| 2 \| 1 \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 766 \| 1.13 \| +1.13 \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 67,519 \| 96.56 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 2,405 \| 3.44 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 69,924 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters \| Registered voters \| Registered voters \| 93,869 \| \| \| \| \| ### Cleeland \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ---------------------------------- \| --------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Greens \| Rhonda Garad \| 2,025 \| 34.64 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Angela Long \| 1,804 \| 30.86 \| +4.25 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Zahra Haydar Big \| 1,355 \| 23.18 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Pradeep Hewavitharana \| 662 \| 11.32 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 5,846 \| 95.74 \| +0.29 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 260 \| 4.26 \| –0.29 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,106 \| 75.36 \| +0.58 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Greens \| Rhonda Garad \| 3,135 \| 53.63 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Angela Long \| 2,711 \| 46.37 \| –10.32 \| \| \| Greens gain from Independent Labor \| \| \| \| \| ### Dandenong \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jim Memeti \| 3,466 \| 62.78 \| +1.62 \| \| \| Independent \| Rahima Rizai \| 2,055 \| 37.22 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 5,521 \| 92.36 \| –3.57 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 457 \| 7.64 \| +3.57 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 5,978 \| 75.05 \| +2.48 \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| Independent Labor hold \| Swing \| +1.62 \| \| ### Dandenong North \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Bob Milkovic \| 3,828 \| 52.03 \| +11.10 \| \| \| Independent \| Rhonda Tannous \| 1,924 \| 26.15 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Daniel Formoso \| 985 \| 13.39 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Rosana Ierone \| 325 \| 4.42 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Branka Tomic \| 296 \| 4.02 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,358 \| 97.38 \| –0.16 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 198 \| 2.62 \| +0.16 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,556 \| 83.78 \| –1.29 \| \| \| Independent hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Keysborough \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Melinda Yim \| 3,058 \| 42.07 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Peter Brown \| 2,104 \| 28.94 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Daniel Dang \| 793 \| 10.91 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sinan Akkurt \| 593 \| 8.16 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Tevyn Gov \| 328 \| 4.51 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Hemara In \| 215 \| 2.96 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Reinaldo Ivan Pincheira \| 178 \| 2.45 \| –0.36 \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,269 \| 97.00 \| +0.40 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 225 \| 3.00 \| –0.40 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,494 \| 84.54 \| –2.06 \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Melinda Yim \| 3,734 \| 51.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Peter Brown \| 2,404 \| 33.07 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Daniel Dang \| 1,131 \| 15.56 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent Liberal \| \| \| \| \| ### Keysborough South \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Greens \| Isabella Do \| 3,703 \| 47.52 \| +19.25 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Alexandra Bryant \| 1,340 \| 17.19 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Ajdin Muzur \| 1,274 \| 16.35 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Sasha Jankovic \| 797 \| 10.23 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Geraldine Gonsalvez \| 679 \| 8.71 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,793 \| 97.73 \| +0.96 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 181 \| 2.27 \| –0.96 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,974 \| 86.82 \| –0.50 \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Greens \| Isabella Do \| 4,027 \| 51.67 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Alexandra Bryant \| 1,498 \| 19.22 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Ajdin Muzur \| 1,355 \| 17.39 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Sasha Jankovic \| 913 \| 11.72 \| \| \| \| Greens hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Noble Park \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ------------------- \| --------- \| - \| -- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Sophie Tan \| unopposed \| \| \| \| Registered electors \| Registered electors \| Registered electors \| 9,066 \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Noble Park North \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Lana Formoso \| 3,873 \| 55.45 \| +14.51 \| \| \| Independent \| Will Billings \| 2,082 \| 29.81 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Love Agravante \| 548 \| 7.85 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Karl Rathnayake \| 482 \| 6.90 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,985 \| 97.42 \| +0.70 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 185 \| 2.58 \| –0.70 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,170 \| 82.79 \| –0.47 \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Springvale Central \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Alice Phuong Le \| 1,669 \| 23.96 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Meng Bunlay \| 1,635 \| 23.47 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Minh Le \| 1,628 \| 23.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Brian Dalton \| 985 \| 14.14 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hor Truong \| 612 \| 8.78 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Sean Stebbings \| 438 \| 6.29 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,967 \| 97.58 \| +0.13 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 173 \| 2.42 \| –0.13 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,140 \| 85.35 \| +2.00 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Alice Phuong Le \| 4,022 \| 57.73 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Minh Le \| 2,945 \| 42.27 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor gain from Independent Labor \| \| \| \| \| ### Springvale North \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Sean O'Reilly \| 2,905 \| 45.39 \| –6.16 \| \| \| Independent \| Angela Holl \| 2,262 \| 35.34 \| –7.29 \| \| \| Independent \| Huong Dinh \| 1,233 \| 19.27 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,400 \| 97.71 \| +0.43 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 150 \| 2.29 \| –0.43 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,550 \| 83.64 \| +2.85 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Sean O'Reilly \| 3,300 \| 51.56 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Angela Holl \| 3,100 \| 48.44 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Springvale South \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Loi Truong \| 2,429 \| 34.26 \| +1.44 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Thayhorn Yim \| 1,364 \| 19.24 \| +7.10 \| \| \| Independent \| Andy Tran \| 1,206 \| 17.01 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Yen Thai \| 740 \| 10.44 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Maleb Hem \| 712 \| 10.04 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lin Sok \| 639 \| 9.01 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,090 \| 96.44 \| –1.34 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 262 \| 3.56 \| +1.34 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,352 \| 86.37 \| +0.98 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Loi Truong \| 4,098 \| 57.80 \| +7.24 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Thayhorn Yim \| 2,992 \| 42.20 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| Independent Labor hold \| Swing \| +7.24 \| \| ### Yarraman \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Phillip Danh \| 3,690 \| 58.66 \| +35.80 \| \| \| Independent \| Ian Cook \| 2,600 \| 41.34 \| +41.34 \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,290 \| 95.25 \| +1.87 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 314 \| 4.75 \| –1.87 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,604 \| 79.57 \| +12.44 \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| Independent Labor hold \| Swing \| +7.63 \| \| ## Kingston Kingston City Council is composed of 11 single-member wards. Kingston's ward structure was changed prior to the 2020 election, making this the second election with single-member wards. ### Kingston results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independents \| Independents \| 67,025 \| 72.31 \| \| 8 \| 3 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 18,837 \| 20.32 \| \| 3 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 2,845 \| 3.07 \| \| 0 \| 2 \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 2,714 \| 2.93 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 1,267 \| 1.37 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 92,688 \| 96.74 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 3,126 \| 3.26 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 95,814 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 114,049 \| 84.01 \| \| \| \| ### Banksia \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Chris Howe \| 5,079 \| 61.38 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kalina Murday \| 1,796 \| 21.70 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Rosemary Parrant \| 771 \| 9.32 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Heather Smith \| 629 \| 7.60 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,275 \| 97.06 \| +0.13 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 251 \| 2.94 \| –0.13 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,526 \| 80.35 \| –1.92 \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Bunjil \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------------------- \| ------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Tony Athanasopoulos \| 4,791 \| 56.96 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nikki Kaur \| 3,620 \| 43.04 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,411 \| 95.34 \| –2.56 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 411 \| 4.66 \| +2.56 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,822 \| 83.42 \| +0.56 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor gain from Independent Labor \| \| \| \| \| ### Caruana \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| -------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Caroline White \| 2,713 \| 30.84 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Eric Lee \| 1,878 \| 21.35 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Natan Raykhtin-Breitenfeld \| 1,040 \| 11.82 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shannon Hughes \| 1,022 \| 11.62 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Sav Peulich \| 822 \| 9.34 \| –5.35 \| \| \| Independent \| Michael Carty \| 435 \| 4.94 \| –1.80 \| \| \| Independent \| Riz Sheikh Nasir \| 412 \| 4.68 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joe Crupi \| 275 \| 3.13 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Gandhi Bevinakoppa \| 201 \| 2.28 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,798 \| 96.31 \| –1.07 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 337 \| 3.69 \| +1.07 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,135 \| 88.38 \| +0.26 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Caroline White \| 5,369 \| 61.03 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Eric Lee \| 3,429 \| 38.97 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent Liberal \| \| \| \| \| ### Chicquita \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Jane Agirtan \| 1,937 \| 23.06 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tracey Davies \| 1,620 \| 19.29 \| –12.86 \| \| \| Independent \| Wandzia French \| 966 \| 11.50 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ian Baldock \| 812 \| 9.67 \| +3.26 \| \| \| Independent \| Rosemary West \| 758 \| 9.02 \| –18.08 \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Jayden McKay \| 591 \| 7.04 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Lachlan McDonald \| 568 \| 6.76 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Emma Doble \| 533 \| 6.35 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Anna Ricciuti \| 411 \| 4.89 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lina Pistone \| 204 \| 2.43 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,400 \| 95.21 \| –1.90 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 423 \| 4.79 \| +1.90 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,823 \| 85.45 \| –0.65 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jane Agirtan \| 4,438 \| 52.83 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tracey Davies \| 3,962 \| 47.17 \| –11.24 \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Como \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Chris Hill \| 2,933 \| 34.07 \| +3.89 \| \| \| Independent \| Victoria Oxley \| 1,903 \| 22.10 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Brendan Lenarcic \| 1,758 \| 20.42 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Beckett \| 1,357 \| 15.76 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Ya Ge Xu \| 658 \| 7.64 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,609 \| 97.70 \| –0.32 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 203 \| 2.30 \| +0.32 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,812 \| 82.09 \| –2.15 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Chris Hill \| 4,582 \| 53.22 \| –3.62 \| \| \| Independent \| Victoria Oxley \| 4,027 \| 46.78 \| \| \| \| Independent hold \| Independent hold \| Swing \| –3.62 \| \| ### Karkarook \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| ---------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Hadi Saab \| 3,744 \| 45.04 \| +24.55 \| \| \| Independent \| Jono Ling \| 1,940 \| 23.34 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Lauren Stevenson \| 1,611 \| 19.38 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Shiva Ambadgatti \| 1,018 \| 12.25 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,313 \| 96.82 \| +1.79 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 273 \| 3.18 \| –1.79 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,586 \| 83.59 \| +0.45 \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Hadi Saab \| 4,180 \| 50.28 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jono Ling \| 2,400 \| 28.87 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Lauren Stevenson \| 1,733 \| 20.85 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Longbeach \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ---------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Georgina Oxley \| 3,020 \| 37.94 \| –7.87 \| \| \| Independent \| Rohan Parrant \| 1,996 \| 25.08 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bronwyn Currie \| 1,413 \| 17.75 \| +10.95 \| \| \| Independent \| Luke Gilling \| 622 \| 7.81 \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Walker \| 539 \| 6.77 \| +1.30 \| \| \| Independent \| Samara Dixon \| 370 \| 4.65 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,960 \| 96.54 \| –0.35 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 285 \| 3.46 \| +0.35 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,245 \| 83.32 \| –0.34 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Georgina Oxley \| 4,448 \| 55.88 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Rohan Parrant \| 3,512 \| 44.12 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor hold \| \| \| \| \| ### Melaleuca \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Tess Law \| 2,687 \| 29.90 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Louise Black \| 1,822 \| 20.27 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Declan Dubout \| 1,747 \| 19.44 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Gavin Nolan \| 1,405 \| 15.63 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Alex Breskin \| 691 \| 7.69 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jack Cassidy \| 636 \| 7.08 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,988 \| 97.50 \| –0.39 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 230 \| 2.50 \| +0.39 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,218 \| 83.31 \| –1.60 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tess Law \| 5,103 \| 56.78 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Louise Black \| 3,885 \| 43.22 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Sandpiper \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------------------------- \| ------------------------- \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Kirralee Ashworth-Collett \| 3,584 \| 42.26 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Graham Fountain \| 2,286 \| 26.96 \| +5.33 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Kealey Nutt \| 1,962 \| 23.14 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Abraham Jesus Garcia \| 648 \| 7.64 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,480 \| 97.92 \| +0.50 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 180 \| 2.08 \| –0.50 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,660 \| 85.13 \| –0.76 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kirralee Ashworth-Collett \| 5,367 \| 63.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Graham Fountain \| 3,113 \| 36.71 \| –9.75 \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent Labor \| \| \| \| \| ### Wattle \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Jenna Davey-Burns \| 2,253 \| 28.80 \| –0.97 \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Georgia Erevnidis \| 1,878 \| 24.00 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Geoff Woods \| 1,582 \| 20.22 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Aldo Comazzetto \| 738 \| 9.43 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Trent Pirihi \| 549 \| 7.02 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Amiriya Dorian \| 512 \| 6.54 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nadica Visic \| 312 \| 3.99 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,824 \| 96.90 \| –0.56 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 250 \| 3.10 \| +0.56 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,074 \| 81.99 \| –1.57 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Freedom \| Georgia Erevnidis \| 4,312 \| 55.11 \| +55.11 \| \| \| Independent \| Jenna Davey-Burns \| 3,512 \| 44.89 \| –12.49 \| \| \| Independent Freedom gain from Independent \| \| \| \| \| ### Yammerbrook \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| \| Independent \| Sarah O'Donnell \| 2,690 \| 31.17 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Greg McMahon \| 2,173 \| 25.18 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| David Eden \| 1,834 \| 21.25 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Susanna Moore \| 576 \| 6.67 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tony Firman \| 451 \| 5.23 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mark Tarulli \| 423 \| 4.90 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Daniel Loza \| 273 \| 3.16 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mellissa Glanville \| 210 \| 2.43 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 8,630 \| 96.82 \| –0.88 \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 283 \| 3.18 \| +0.88 \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 8,913 \| 87.29 \| –0.18 \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sarah O'Donnell \| 5,136 \| 59.51 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Greg McMahon \| 3,494 \| 40.49 \| \| \| \| Independent gain from Independent Liberal \| \| \| \| \| ## Mornington Peninsula Mornington Peninsula Shire Council is composed of eleven single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of six wards (three single-member wards, one two-member ward and two three-member wards), but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Mornington Peninsula results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 90,460 \| 82.86 \| \| 10 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 10,013 \| 9.17 \| \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 5,864 \| 5.37 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 2,026 \| 1.86 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 811 \| 0.74 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 109,174 \| 97.01 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 3,360 \| 2.99 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 112,534 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 134,819 \| 83.47 \| \| \| \| ### Beek Beek \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kate Roper \| 6,367 \| 66.74 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Lavinia Jenkin \| 3,173 \| 33.26 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,540 \| 94.36 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 570 \| 5.64 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,110 \| 85.56 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Benbenjie \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Max Patton \| 4,593 \| 48.53 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Peter Clarke \| 4,113 \| 43.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Dinka Jakovac \| 759 \| 8.02 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,465 \| 97.70 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 223 \| 2.30 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,688 \| 85.18 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Max Patton \| 5,097 \| 53.85 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Peter Clarke \| 4,368 \| 46.15 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Briars \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Anthony Marsh \| 7,717 \| 70.43 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Despi O'Connor \| 3,240 \| 29.57 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Bill Daish (ineligible) \| N/A \| N/A \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 10,957 \| 98.43 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 175 \| 1.57 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 11,132 \| 85.97 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Brokil \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Patrick Binyon \| 5,117 \| 50.93 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Elizabeth Woolcock \| 3,580 \| 35.63 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Marie Murray \| 1,351 \| 13.45 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 10,048 \| 97.53 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 254 \| 2.47 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,302 \| 82.85 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Coolart \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| David Gill \| 4,715 \| 45.07 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Neil Biggins \| 3,395 \| 32.45 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Dennice Allen-Breeschoten \| 2,351 \| 22.47 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 10,461 \| 97.97 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 217 \| 2.03 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,678 \| 83.64 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| David Gill \| 5,474 \| 52.33 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Neil Biggins \| 4,987 \| 47.67 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Kackeraboite \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Stephen Batty \| 5,900 \| 60.77 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Daniel McCaffrey \| 3,808 \| 39.23 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,708 \| 95.42 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 466 \| 4.58 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,174 \| 85.83 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal win \| Independent Liberal win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Moorooduc \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Bruce Ranken \| 5,241 \| 56.15 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kathryn Smith \| 4,093 \| 43.85 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,334 \| 95.64 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 426 \| 4.36 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,760 \| 83.98 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Nepean \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Susan Bissinger \| 2,279 \| 21.79 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Andrea Allen \| 2,252 \| 21.53 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Eddie Matt \| 2,103 \| 20.11 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Josie Jones \| 1,568 \| 14.99 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Suzanne Jones \| 1,509 \| 14.43 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Krysten Le Marshall \| 457 \| 4.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Monique Toms \| 290 \| 2.77 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 10,458 \| 97.48 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 270 \| 2.52 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,728 \| 82.68 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Andrea Allen \| 5,396 \| 51.60 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Eddie Matt \| 5,062 \| 48.40 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Tanti \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| --------------------------------- \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Paul Pingiaro \| 4,827 \| 49.53 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nick Fallaw \| 2,840 \| 29.14 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tom Davies \| 1,237 \| 12.69 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Barry Besanko \| 842 \| 8.64 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,746 \| 98.04 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 195 \| 1.96 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,941 \| 83.28 \| \| \| After distribution of preferences \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Paul Pingiaro \| 5,212 \| 53.48 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nick Fallaw \| 3,102 \| 31.83 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tom Davies \| 1,432 \| 14.69 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Tootgarook \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Cam Williams \| 3,790 \| 39.64 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Antonella Celi \| 3,746 \| 39.18 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Andrew De Bartolo \| 2,026 \| 21.19 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,562 \| 97.41 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 254 \| 2.59 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 9,816 \| 79.50 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Cam Williams \| 4,929 \| 51.55 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Antonella Celi \| 4,633 \| 48.45 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Warringine \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| -------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Michael Stephens \| 3,458 \| 34.95 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hilda Rachid \| 2,544 \| 25.71 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Simon Meyer \| 2,056 \| 20.78 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Mark Palmer \| 1,026 \| 10.37 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Nic Robertson \| 811 \| 8.20 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 9,895 \| 96.96 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 310 \| 3.04 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 10,205 \| 80.22 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Michael Stephens \| 5,760 \| 58.21 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Hilda Rachid \| 4,135 \| 41.79 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ## Stonnington Stonnington City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Stonnington results \| Party \| Party \| Party \| Votes \| % \| Swing \| Seats \| Change \| \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| --------------------------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ----- \| ----- \| ------ \| \| \| Independent \| Independent \| 27,648 \| 48.15 \| \| 6 \| 3 \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Independent Liberal \| 13,873 \| 24.16 \| \| 1 \| 2 \| \| \| Greens \| Greens \| 7,478 \| 13.02 \| \| 0 \| 2 \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Independent Labor \| 6,418 \| 11.18 \| \| 2 \| 1 \| \| \| Libertarian \| Libertarian \| 1,125 \| 1.96 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Victorian Socialists \| 873 \| 1.52 \| \| 0 \| Steady \| \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| Formal votes \| 57,415 \| 97.57 \| \| \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 1,432 \| 2.43 \| \| \| \| \| Total \| Total \| Total \| 58,847 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| Steady \| \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| Registered voters / turnout \| 76,735 \| 76.69 \| \| \| \| ### Como \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Meghan Hopper \| 1,819 \| 34.89 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Hamish Taylor \| 1,294 \| 24.82 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Luke Balasingam \| 1,084 \| 20.79 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Spencer James Millear \| 755 \| 14.48 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Clayton Doueihi \| 261 \| 5.01 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 5,213 \| 98.36 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 87 \| 1.64 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 5,300 \| 67.59 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Meghan Hopper \| 3,319 \| 63.67 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Hamish Taylor \| 1,894 \| 36.33 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Greville \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Melina Sehr \| 1,801 \| 34.21 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Mike Scott \| 1,083 \| 20.57 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Paul Francazio \| 809 \| 15.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Susan Louey \| 693 \| 13.16 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Alison Baker \| 487 \| 9.25 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Francois Geraghty \| 311 \| 5.91 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Alan Menadue \| 81 \| 1.54 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 5,265 \| 97.50 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 135 \| 2.50 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 5,400 \| 68.46 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Melina Sehr \| 3,370 \| 64.01 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Mike Scott \| 1,895 \| 35.99 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Hedgeley Dene \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Sally Davis \| 2,765 \| 38.39 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Josh Fast \| 2,587 \| 35.92 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Claudio Bevilacqua \| 1,250 \| 17.36 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joel Iglicki \| 600 \| 8.33 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,202 \| 97.89 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 155 \| 2.11 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,357 \| 84.23 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Sally Davis \| 3,720 \| 51.65 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Josh Fast \| 3,482 \| 48.35 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Malvern Valley \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------ \| --------------------- \| --------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Labor \| Jami Klisaris \| 4,599 \| 61.63 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Joe Gianfriddo \| 2,863 \| 38.37 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,462 \| 95.63 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 341 \| 4.37 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,803 \| 83.31 \| \| \| \| Independent Labor win \| Independent Labor win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Orrong \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Samantha Choudhury \| 2,981 \| 48.37 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Henry Buch \| 1,805 \| 29.29 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Arkie Paten \| 1,377 \| 22.34 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,163 \| 98.01 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 125 \| 1.99 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,288 \| 73.82 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Samantha Choudhury \| 4,099 \| 66.51 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Henry Buch \| 2,064 \| 33.49 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### South Yarra \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Kate Hely \| 2,468 \| 47.40 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Julie McLean \| 1,531 \| 29.40 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Mitch Fuller \| 1,208 \| 23.20 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 5,207 \| 97.69 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 123 \| 2.31 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 5,330 \| 69.99 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kate Hely \| 3,226 \| 61.96 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Julie McLean \| 1,981 \| 38.04 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Toorak \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ----------------------- \| ----------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Marcia Griffin \| 2,527 \| 37.60 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Tom Humphries \| 2,347 \| 34.92 \| \| \| \| Libertarian \| David Segal \| 1,125 \| 16.74 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Lloyd Bickerton \| 722 \| 10.74 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,721 \| 97.69 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 159 \| 2.31 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,880 \| 77.57 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Tom Humphries \| 3,501 \| 52.09 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Marcia Griffin \| 3,220 \| 47.91 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal win \| Independent Liberal win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Tooronga \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------- \| ------------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Greens \| Polly Morgan \| 2,516 \| 34.29 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jamie Bell \| 2,502 \| 34.10 \| \| \| \| Independent Liberal \| Peter Hammond \| 2,320 \| 31.62 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 7,338 \| 97.83 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 163 \| 2.17 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 7,501 \| 82.16 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Jamie Bell \| 4,243 \| 57.82 \| \| \| \| Greens \| Polly Morgan \| 3,095 \| 42.18 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| ### Wattletree \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| % \| ±% \| \| ------------------------------ \| -------------------- \| ------------------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ---------- \| \| \| Independent \| Nicki Batagol \| 2,138 \| 31.24 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Steve Stefanopoulos \| 1,915 \| 27.98 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Tammy Lidano \| 1,414 \| 20.66 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Kerry Nasser \| 765 \| 11.18 \| \| \| \| Victorian Socialists \| Allyssa Gardner \| 612 \| 8.94 \| \| \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| Total formal votes \| 6,844 \| 97.94 \| \| \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| Informal votes \| 144 \| 2.06 \| \| \| Turnout \| Turnout \| Turnout \| 6,988 \| 79.70 \| \| \| Two-candidate-preferred result \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| Independent \| Steve Stefanopoulos \| 3,450 \| 50.41 \| \| \| \| Independent \| Nicki Batagol \| 3,394 \| 49.59 \| \| \| \| Independent win \| Independent win \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \| (new ward) \|	enwiki/77933115	enwiki	77,933,115	Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Results_of_the_2024_Victorian_local_elections_in_South-Eastern_Melbourne	2025-06-28T07:15:51Z	en	Q130484859	1,170,731	{{Short description\|none}} {{main\|Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections}} {{Infobox election \| election_name = {{nowrap\|2024 Victorian local elections}} <br/> (South-Eastern Melbourne) \| country = Victoria \| type = parliamentary \| ongoing = no \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne\|2028]] \| seats_for_election = \| election_date = October 2024 \| opinion_polls = }} This is a list of results for the '''[[2024 Victorian local elections]]''' in the [[Greater Melbourne\|South-Eastern Melbourne]] region.<ref>{{cite web \|title=2024 local council elections \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Council Elections 2024 \|url=https://www.localgovernment.vic.gov.au/elections-2024 \|publisher=Victorian Government \|access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> South-Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of [[City of Bayside\|Bayside]], [[Shire of Cardinia\|Cardinia]], [[City of Casey\|Casey]], [[City of Frankston\|Frankston]], [[City of Glen Eira\|Glen Eira]], [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Greater Dandenong]], [[City of Kingston\|Kingston]], [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Mornington Peninsula]] and [[City of Stonnington\|Stonnington]]. ==Bayside== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Bayside City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Bayside\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Bayside\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 4 \| seats_for_election = All 7 seats on [[City of Bayside\|Bayside City Council]] \| image1 = <div style="width:100px;"><span style="line-height:150px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color\|Independent politician}}; font-size:30px;"> '''IND'''</span></div> \| leader1 = \| party1 = [[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| last_election1 = 7 seats \| seats_before1 = 7 \| seats1 = 4 seats \| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 3 \| popular_vote1 = \| percentage1 = \| swing1 = \| image2 = <div style="width:100px;"><span style="line-height:150px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color\|Liberal Party of Australia}}; font-size:30px;"> '''IND'''</span></div> \| leader2 = \| party2 = [[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Ind. Liberal]] \| last_election2 = 0 seats \| seats_before2 = 0 \| seats2 = 3 seats \| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 3 \| popular_vote2 = \| percentage2 = \| swing2 = \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Bayside\|Bayside City Council]] is composed of seven single-member wards. ===Bayside results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Bayside]]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Bayside City Council results\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/bayside-city-council/results\|publisher=VEC\|access-date=10 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 42,161 \| style="width:40px;" \| 70.05 \| style="width:45px;" \| –9.61 \| style="width:40px;" \| 4 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{decrease}} 3 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 16,975 \| 28.20 \| +16.97 \| 3 \| {{increase}} 3 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 652 \| 1.08 \| –6.73 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 402 \| 0.67 \| +0.67 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 60,190 \| 94.82 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 3,288 \| 5.18 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 63,478 \| 100.00 \| \| 7 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 75,633 \| 83.93 \| \| \| \|} ===Beckett=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Beckett Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Debbie Taylor-Haynes \|votes = 3,337 \|percentage = 37.78 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Chris Sutton \|votes = 3,130 \|percentage = 35.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Garry Hoover \|votes = 1,553 \|percentage = 17.58 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jess Clark \|votes = 812 \|percentage = 9.19 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,832 \|percentage = 97.66 \|change = +0.53 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 212 \|percentage = 2.34 \|change = –0.53 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes=9,044\|percentage=86.96\|change=–1.22}} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Debbie Taylor-Haynes \|votes = 4,797 \|percentage = 54.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Chris Sutton \|votes = 4,035 \|percentage = 45.69 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Bleazby=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Bleazby Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Robert Irlicht \|votes = 2,535 \|percentage = 27.84 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lily Andrews \|votes = 1,580 \|percentage = 17.35 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Jenson Galvin \|votes = 1,556 \|percentage = 17.09 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = John Rundell \|votes = 1,515 \|percentage = 16.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Lyn Maver \|votes = 1,189 \|percentage = 13.06 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tony Fischetto \|votes = 401 \|percentage = 4.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jerry Soldatos \|votes = 330 \|percentage = 3.62 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,106 \|percentage = 96.23 \|change = +1.41 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 357 \|percentage = 3.77 \|change = –1.41 }} {{Election box turnout\|votes=9,463\|percentage=82.83\|change=–2.50}} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Robert Irlicht \|votes = 5,376 \|percentage = 59.04 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lily Andrews \|votes = 3,730 \|percentage = 40.96 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Boyd=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Boyd Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kylie McIntosh \|votes = 1,973 \|percentage = 21.54 \|change = +10.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jane Ev Proskurnya \|votes = 1,900 \|percentage = 20.74 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Fiona Stitfold \|votes = 1,471 \|percentage = 16.06 \|change = –0.40 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Christine Barca \|votes = 1,155 \|percentage = 12.61 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Williams \|votes = 1,034 \|percentage = 11.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Faiza Nouman \|votes = 868 \|percentage = 9.48 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Nicholas Healey \|votes = 758 \|percentage = 8.28 \|change = -10.26 }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,159 \|percentage = 96.62 \|change = +0.09 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 320 \|percentage = 3.38 \|change = –0.09 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,479 \|percentage = 84.75 \|change = –1.00 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kylie McIntosh \|votes = 5,443 \|percentage = 59.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jane Ev Proskurnya \|votes = 3,716 \|percentage = 40.57 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Castlefield=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Castlefield Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Colleen Harkin \|votes = 1,820 \|percentage = 20.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Elli Murray \|votes = 1,282 \|percentage = 14.30 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kevin Howard \|votes = 1,235 \|percentage = 13.78 \|change = +6.18 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tim Wood \|votes = 1,202 \|percentage = 13.41 \|change = +10.60 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hamish Hughes \|votes = 720 \|percentage = 8.03 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Toni Armstrong \|votes = 398 \|percentage = 4.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Karen Clements \|votes = 375 \|percentage = 4.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = James D. Catlin \|votes = 371 \|percentage = 4.14 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bella Irlicht \|votes = 315 \|percentage = 3.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anne Elizabeth Fitzgerald \|votes = 312 \|percentage = 3.48 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jarrod Kanizay \|votes = 241 \|percentage = 2.69 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Amanda McSweeney \|votes = 202 \|percentage = 2.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Richard Campbell \|votes = 191 \|percentage = 2.13 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Robyn Buccheri \|votes = 160 \|percentage = 1.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Penelope Ann Hansen \|votes = 138 \|percentage = 1.54 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,962 \|percentage = 92.51 \|change = –3.83 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 726 \|percentage = 7.49 \|change = +3.83 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,688 \|percentage = 83.68 \|change = –2.80 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Elli Murray \|votes = 4,651 \|percentage = 51.90 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Colleen Harkin \|votes = 4,311 \|percentage = 48.10 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Dendy=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Dendy Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hanna El Mouallem \|votes = 2,592 \|percentage = 32.53 \|change = +15.00 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Michael Heffernan \|votes = 1,539 \|percentage = 19.31 \|change = –5.51 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Thomas Bartels \|votes = 380 \|percentage = 4.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joshua Goldstat \|votes = 366 \|percentage = 4.59 \|change = –2.93 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Natalie French \|votes = 357 \|percentage = 4.48 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lindsey Joffe \|votes = 339 \|percentage = 4.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Alex Nutman \|votes = 320 \|percentage = 4.02 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joanne Bryant \|votes = 313 \|percentage = 3.93 \|change = –10.89 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Terence Scanlon \|votes = 280 \|percentage = 3.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Isabella Do Rozario-Romic \|votes = 264 \|percentage = 3.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ming Min Xu \|votes = 235 \|percentage = 2.95 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hugh McFadden \|votes = 172 \|percentage = 2.16 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mark Tseytlin \|votes = 169 \|percentage = 2.12 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Lurie \|votes = 158 \|percentage = 1.98 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Steve Wolf \|votes = 137 \|percentage = 1.72 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mike Rawlinson \|votes = 132 \|percentage = 1.66 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Greg Smith \|votes = 119 \|percentage = 1.49 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Paras Georgoulos \|votes = 97 \|percentage = 1.22 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,969 \|percentage = 92.30 \|change = –4.22 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 665 \|percentage = 7.70 \|change = +4.22 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,634 \|percentage = 80.75 \|change = –2.51 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hanna El Mouallem \|votes = 4,926 \|percentage = 61.81 \|change = +8.59 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Michael Heffernan \|votes = 3,043 \|percentage = 38.19 \|change = –8.59 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|swing = +8.59 }} {{Election box end}} ===Ebden=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Ebden Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = [[Geoff Leigh (politician)\|Geoff Leigh]] \|votes = 2,467 \|percentage = 30.41 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Laurence Evans \|votes = 1,610 \|percentage = 19.84 \|change = –11.02 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Calista Clements \|votes = 1,119 \|percentage = 13.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Clifford Maillard \|votes = 727 \|percentage = 8.96 \|change = –2.73 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Matthew Kaplan \|votes = 675 \|percentage = 8.32 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Janet Abadee \|votes = 653 \|percentage = 8.05 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ian Cochrane \|votes = 365 \|percentage = 4.50 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Timothy David Watts \|votes = 263 \|percentage = 3.24 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Perry \|votes = 234 \|percentage = 2.88 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,113 \|percentage = 95.79 \|change = –1.53 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 357 \|percentage = 4.21 \|change = +1.53 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,470 \|percentage = 84.71 \|change = –1.54 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = [[Geoff Leigh (politician)\|Geoff Leigh]] \|votes = 4,633 \|percentage = 57.11 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Laurence Evans \|votes = 3,480 \|percentage = 42.89 \|change = –17.63 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Ivison=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside\|Ivison Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Andrew Hockley \|votes = 3,821 \|percentage = 47.47 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = James Long \|votes = 955 \|percentage = 11.86 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sonia Castelli \|votes = 833 \|percentage = 10.35 \|change = –10.32 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Alysia Regan \|votes = 652 \|percentage = 8.10 \|change = -0.99 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brandon Hoult \|votes = 580 \|percentage = 7.21 \|change = –2.54 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Liam Kruger \|votes = 402 \|percentage = 4.99 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anastasia Sagris-Desmond \|votes = 337 \|percentage = 4.19 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nicholas Batzialas \|votes = 311 \|percentage = 3.86 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lyn Austin \|votes = 158 \|percentage = 1.96 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,049 \|percentage = 95.48 \|change = –0.64 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 381 \|percentage = 4.52 \|change = +0.64 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,430 \|percentage = 81.40 \|change = –1.76 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Andrew Hockley \|votes = 4,109 \|percentage = 51.05 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = James Long \|votes = 1,154 \|percentage = 14.34 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sonia Castelli \|votes = 1,055 \|percentage = 13.11 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Alysia Regan \|votes = 1,002 \|percentage = 12.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brandon Hoult \|votes = 729 \|percentage = 9.06 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Cardinia== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Cardinia Shire Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Cardinia\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 5 \| seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[Shire of Cardinia\|Cardinia Shire Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[Shire of Cardinia\|Cardinia Shire Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Cardinia Shire Council election \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/cardinia-shire-council\|publisher=VEC \|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> On 16 April 2021, [[Shire of Cardinia\|Westernport Ward]] councillor Ray Brown died after a prolonged illness.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Cardinia Shire pays tribute after the passing of Councillor Ray Brown \|url=https://www.cardinia.vic.gov.au/news/article/691/cardinia_shire_pays_tribute_after_the_passing_of_councillor_ray_brown \|publisher=Cardinia Shire Council \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715091752/https://www.cardinia.vic.gov.au/news/article/691/cardinia_shire_pays_tribute_after_the_passing_of_councillor_ray_brown \|archive-date=15 July 2024 \|date=19 April 2021}}</ref> A by-election was held in 24 July 2021 and was won by [[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] candidate Kaye Cameron.<ref>{{cite web \|title=CARDINIA SHIRE COUNCIL – BY-ELECTION \|url=https://resources.reglii.com/VGG.2021.4.23.S183.pdf \|publisher=Victoria Government Gazette \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107103714/https://resources.reglii.com/VGG.2021.4.23.S183.pdf \|archive-date=7 November 2024 \|date=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Cardinia Shire Council, Westernport Ward by-election results \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/council-by-elections-and-countbacks-timeline/cardinia-shire-council-westernport-ward \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424154147/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/council-by-elections-and-countbacks-timeline/cardinia-shire-council-westernport-ward \|archive-date=24 April 2024 \|date=30 July 2021}}</ref> ===Cardinia results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Cardinia]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Cardinia Shire Council results\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/cardinia-shire-council/results\|publisher=VECaccess-date=11 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=The Labor and Liberals behind the 'independent' candidates\|url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-17/the-labor-and-liberals-behind-the-independent-candidates/\|author=Everitt, Corey\|publisher=Pakenham Officer Star News\|date=17 October 2024\|access-date=21 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107102443/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-17/the-labor-and-liberals-behind-the-independent-candidates/ \|archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 39,041 \| style="width:40px;" \| 67.22 \| style="width:45px;" \| \| style="width:40px;" \| 7 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 9,318 \| 16.04 \| \| 1 \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 4,288 \| 7.38 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Independent Libertarian]] \| 3,720 \| 6.41 \| \| 1 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 875 \| 1.51 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 834 \| 1.44 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 58,076 \| 95.75 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 2,575 \| 4.25 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 60,651 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters \| 82,745 \| \| \| \| \|} ===Beacon Hills=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Beacon Hills Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brett Owen \|votes = 6,036 \|percentage = 76.48 \|change = +10.88 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kylie Wagstaff \|votes = 1,856 \|percentage = 23.52 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,892 \|percentage = 95.46 \|change = –2.52 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 375 \|percentage = 4.54 \|change = +2.52 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,267 \|percentage = 86.31 \|change = –0.20 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Bunyip=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Bunyip Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Alanna Pomeroy \|votes = 3,929 \|percentage = 55.67 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Travis Parker \|votes = 3,129 \|percentage = 44.33 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,058 \|percentage = 95.51 \|change = –1.79 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 332 \|percentage = 4.49 \|change = +1.79 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,390 \|percentage = 83.61 \|change = –0.14 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Central=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Central Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Collin Ross \|votes = 5,519 \|percentage = 76.61 \|change = +26.31 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rekha Devdas Naidu \|votes = 1,685 \|percentage = 23.39 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,204 \|percentage = 94.94 \|change = –2.06 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 384 \|percentage = 5.06 \|change = +2.06 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,588 \|percentage = 81.50 \|change = +0.88 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Henty=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Henty Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Shoheli steps to election race \|url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/shoheli-steps-to-election-race/ \|publisher=Pakenham Officer Star News \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001193206/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/shoheli-steps-to-election-race/ \|archive-date=1 October 2024 \|date=17 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Liz Roberts \|votes = 2,550 \|percentage = 36.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Carol Ryan \|votes = 1,735 \|percentage = 24.84 \|change = +0.52 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Shoheli Sunjida \|votes = 1,083 \|percentage = 15.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Stephanie Grigg \|votes = 834 \|percentage = 11.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Cecilia Rabecca Mphande \|votes = 782 \|percentage = 11.20 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,984 \|percentage = 96.29 \|change = +0.19 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 269 \|percentage = 3.71 \|change = –0.19 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,253 \|percentage = 78.39 \|change = +1.22 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Liz Roberts \|votes = 4,247 \|percentage = 60.81 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Carol Ryan \|votes = 2,737 \|percentage = 39.19 \|change = –16.16 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Officer=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Officer Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Samantha-Jane Potter \|votes = 4,866 \|percentage = 67.72 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ron Malhotra \|votes = 2,319 \|percentage = 32.28 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,185 \|percentage = 95.62 \|change = –0.61 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 329 \|percentage = 4.38 \|change = +0.61 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,514 \|percentage = 82.74 \|change = +0.74 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Pakenham Hills=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Pakenham Hills Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jack Kowarzik \|votes = unopposed \|percentage = \|change = }} {{Election box registered electors \|reg. electors = 8,719 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Ranges=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Ranges Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Nickell \|votes = 2,841 \|percentage = 37.73 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jeff Springfield \|votes = 2,732 \|percentage = 36.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Catherine Oldenburger \|votes = 1,956 \|percentage = 25.98 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,529 \|percentage = 96.39 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 282 \|percentage = 3.61 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,811 \|percentage = 81.85 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Nickell \|votes = 4,066 \|percentage = 54.00 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jeff Springfield \|votes = 3,463 \|percentage = 46.00 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Toomuc=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Toomuc Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Casey Thomsen \|votes = 2,674 \|percentage = 36.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Stephanie Marie Davies \|votes = 2,468 \|percentage = 33.81 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Amirthalingam Dhileepan \|votes = 1,282 \|percentage = 17.56 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Rodrigo Alonso Bardales Salguero \|votes = 875 \|percentage = 11.99 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,299 \|percentage = 97.19 \|change = +0.24 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 211 \|percentage = 2.81 \|change = –0.24 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,510 \|percentage = 80.71 \|change = +1.05 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Casey Thomsen \|votes = 3,728 \|percentage = 51.08 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Stephanie Marie Davies \|votes = 3,571 \|percentage = 48.92 \|change = –1.58 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Westernport=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia\|Westernport Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Everitt \|first1=Corey \|title=Voice of the 'overlooked' \|url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-29/voice-of-the-overlooked/ \|publisher=Star Weekly \|access-date=7 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241006012351/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-29/voice-of-the-overlooked/ \|archive-date=6 October 2024 \|date=29 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Libertarian \|candidate = Trudi Paton \|votes = 3,720 \|percentage = 53.72 \|change = +53.72 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Kaye Cameron \|votes = 3,205 \|percentage = 46.28 \|change = −14.70 }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,925 \|percentage = 94.63 \|change = +0.22 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 393 \|percentage = 5.37 \|change = −0.22 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,318 \|percentage = 82.71 \|change = +4.76 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Libertarian \|loser = Independent Liberal \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Casey== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Casey City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2016 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Casey\|2016]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Casey\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 7 \| seats_for_election = All 12 seats on [[City of Casey\|Casey City Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = N/A (under administration) \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Casey\|Casey City Council]] is composed of twelve single-member wards. The council increased from eleven members to twelve prior to the 2024 election; members were previously elected across six wards (five two-member and one single-member).<ref>{{cite web \|title=Casey City Council electoral structure review \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/council-reviews/electoral-structure-reviews/casey\|publisher=VEC \|access-date=30 September 2024}}</ref> This is the first election for the City of Casey since [[2016 Victorian local elections\|2016]], as the council was dismissed and put into administration in February 2020.<ref>{{Cite news \|last=Rollason \|first=Bridget \|date=18 Feb 2020 \|title=City of Casey could be without elected council until 2024 after damning report prompts sacking \|work=ABC News \|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-18/city-of-casey-sacked-administrators-could-run-council-until-2024/11976104 \|access-date=15 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=Preiss \|first=Benjamin \|last2=Towell \|first2=Noel \|date=18 February 2020 \|title=Casey council sacked for four years as watchdog finds bullying, 'unacceptable behaviour' \|work=The Age \|url=https://www.theage.com.au/politics/victoria/casey-council-to-be-run-by-administrators-until-2024-20200218-p541td.html \|access-date=15 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=18 February 2020 \|title=Dismissal Of The Casey City Council \|work=Premier of Victoria \|url=https://www.premier.vic.gov.au/dismissal-of-the-casey-city-council/ \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623164514/https://www.premier.vic.gov.au/dismissal-of-the-casey-city-council/ \|archive-date=23 June 2020}}</ref> ===Casey results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Casey]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 134,110 \| style="width:40px;" \| 69.62 \| style="width:40px;" \| 10 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{increase}} 10 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 31,798 \| 16.51 \| 1 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 12,082 \| 6.27 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Freedom\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Freedom Party of Victoria\|Independent Freedom]] \| 4,623 \| 2.40 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Libertarian]] \| 3,109 \| 1.61 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Independent Libertarian]] \| 2,575 \| 1.34 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 2,451 \| 1.27 \| 1 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Family First 2021\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Family First Party (2021)\|Independent Family First]] \| 1,893 \| 0.98 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 192,641 \| 95.93 \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 8,169 \| 4.07 \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 200,810 \| 100.00 \| 12 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 246,948 \| 81.32 \| \| \|} ===Akoonah=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Akoonah Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Samuel Dennison \|votes = 4,235 \|percentage = 25.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Scott William Dowling \|votes = 3,603 \|percentage = 22.07 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Dianne Pagliuca \|votes = 2,774 \|percentage = 16.99 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mush Rahaman \|votes = 2,567 \|percentage = 15.72 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kushal Shah \|votes = 1,949 \|percentage = 11.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Patrick R. Ferdinands \|votes = 1,201 \|percentage = 7.36 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,329 \|percentage = 97.12 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 485 \|percentage = 2.88 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 16,814 \|percentage = 81.43 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=8,489\|candidate=Scott William Dowling\|percentage=51.99\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Liberal\|candidate=Samuel Dennison\|votes=7,840\|percentage=48.01\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Casuarina=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Casuarina Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kim Ross \|votes = 3,494 \|percentage = 20.75 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rex Flannery \|votes = 2,011 \|percentage = 11.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Lyndon Samuel \|votes = 1,927 \|percentage = 11.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Family First Party (2021)\|Independent Family First]] \|party style = Family First 2021 \|candidate = Jane Foreman \|votes = 1,893 \|percentage = 11.24 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Morteza Ali \|votes = 1,844 \|percentage = 10.95 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bassir Qaridi \|votes = 1,356 \|percentage = 8.05 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Suzanne Carmody \|votes = 1,311 \|percentage = 7.78 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rex Lazaros \|votes = 1,286 \|percentage = 7.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mariam Khaliqy \|votes = 1,078 \|percentage = 6.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Michael Kelaart \|votes = 642 \|percentage = 3.81 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,842 \|percentage = 94.43 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 993 \|percentage = 5.57 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 17,835 \|percentage = 80.81 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=10,156\|candidate=Kim Ross\|percentage=60.30\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party = [[Family First Party (2021)\|Independent Family First]]\|party style = Family First 2021\|candidate=Jane Foreman\|votes=6,686\|percentage=39.70\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Correa=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Correa Ward]]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Meet the Casey Council candidates – Correa Ward\|url= https://cranbournenews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-03/meet-the-casey-council-candidates-correa-ward/\|publisher=Cranbourne Star News\|date=3 October 2024\|access-date=14 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = [[Gary Rowe]] \|votes = 4,961 \|percentage = 29.50 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Kanu Aggarwal \|votes = 4,193 \|percentage = 24.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tracey Ryan \|votes = 3,555 \|percentage = 21.14 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Abdullah Neshat \|votes = 2,148 \|percentage = 12.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shegofa Naseri \|votes = 1,226 \|percentage = 7.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Onkar Singh Sandhawalia \|votes = 736 \|percentage = 4.38 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,819 \|percentage = 96.20 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 664 \|percentage = 3.80 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 17,483 \|percentage = 79.23 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=9,605\|candidate=[[Gary Rowe]]\|percentage=57.11\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Kanu Aggarwal\|votes=7,214\|percentage=42.89\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Cranbourne Gardens=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Cranbourne Gardens Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Michelle Crowther \|votes = 5,279 \|percentage = 32.32 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Lake \|votes = 3,888 \|percentage = 23.80 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tamas Kapitany \|votes = 3,013 \|percentage = 18.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jo Muir \|votes = 1,627 \|percentage = 9.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Blessing Nhliziyo \|votes = 1,315 \|percentage = 8.05 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mary Beth Melton \|votes = 1,213 \|percentage = 7.43 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,335 \|percentage = 96.35 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 619 \|percentage = 3.65 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 16,954 \|percentage = 81.84 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=9,469\|candidate=Michelle Crowther\|percentage=57.97\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Anthony Lake\|votes=6,866\|percentage=42.03\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Dillwynia=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Dillwynia Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Walter \|votes = 3,233 \|percentage = 21.69 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joe Pang \|votes = 2,519 \|percentage = 16.90 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Bissell \|votes = 1,974 \|percentage = 13.24 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Gurpreet Gill \|votes = 1,836 \|percentage = 12.32 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Baljinder Dhaliwal \|votes = 1,535 \|percentage = 10.30 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Jaz Masuta Kamaljeet Singh \|votes = 1,445 \|percentage = 9.69 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Dissanayake \|votes = 1,376 \|percentage = 9.23 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Champika Hewa Maddumage \|votes = 990 \|percentage = 6.64 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 14,908 \|percentage = 95.85 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 645 \|percentage = 4.15 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 15,553 \|percentage = 82.28 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=8,246\|candidate=Anthony Walter\|percentage=55.33\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Joe Pang\|votes=6,659\|percentage=44.67\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Grevillea=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Grevillea Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults>{{cite web\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/casey-city-council/results\|title=Casey City Council Results\|website=Victorian Electoral Commission\|date=7 November 2024\|accessdate=7 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Meet the Grevillea Ward candidates \|url=https://berwicknews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-06/meet-the-grevillea-ward-candidates/ \|publisher=Berwick Star News \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107105451/https://berwicknews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-06/meet-the-grevillea-ward-candidates/ \|archive-date=7 November 2024 \|date=6 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=David Perry, Candidate for Casey City Council - Grevillea Ward \|url=https://greens.org.au/vic/person/david-perry \|publisher=Victorian Greens \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107105512/https://greens.org.au/vic/person/david-perry \|archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Carmen Powell \|votes = 3,074 \|percentage = 17.83 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = John Ternel \|votes = 2,809 \|percentage = 16.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Libertarian \|candidate = Stephen Matulec \|votes = 2,575 \|percentage = 14.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Dave Perry \|votes = 2,451 \|percentage = 14.21 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bernie Postma \|votes = 2,145 \|percentage = 12.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = David Parr \|votes = 1,685 \|percentage = 9.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Stephen Capon \|votes = 1,307 \|percentage = 7.58 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Haroon Sayed \|votes = 620 \|percentage = 3.60 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sinfree Chirunga \|votes = 578 \|percentage = 3.35 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 17,244 \|percentage = 95.55 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 804 \|percentage = 4.45 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 18,048 \|percentage = 83.95 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Greens Vic\|votes=8,758\|candidate=Dave Perry\|percentage=50.79\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Carmen Powell\|votes=8,486\|percentage=49.21\|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Greens }} {{Election box end}} ===Kalora=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Kalora Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Melinda Ambros \|votes = 3,933 \|percentage = 23.56 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brian Herbert Oates \|votes = 2,652 \|percentage = 15.89 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Damien Sawyer \|votes = 2,326 \|percentage = 13.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Zabi Mazoori \|votes = 2,259 \|percentage = 13.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Jafri Katagara Luwanga \|votes = 1,666 \|percentage = 9.98 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Duc Nguyen \|votes = 1,196 \|percentage = 7.16 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Peterine Smulders \|votes = 1,108 \|percentage = 6.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Fred Jover \|votes = 817 \|percentage = 4.89 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Afroz Ahmed \|votes = 736 \|percentage = 4.41 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,693 \|percentage = 95.20 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 842 \|percentage = 4.80 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 17,535 \|percentage = 83.17 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Melinda Ambros \|votes = 9,444 \|percentage = 56.57 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Damien Sawyer \|votes = 7,249 \|percentage = 43.43 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kowan=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Kowan Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Kasuni Mendis \|votes = 3,490 \|percentage = 21.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bernard Brian Carr \|votes = 3,139 \|percentage = 19.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Libertarian \|candidate = Christine Skrobo \|votes = 3,109 \|percentage = 19.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shane Taylor \|votes = 3,061 \|percentage = 18.89 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jawad Erfani \|votes = 1,358 \|percentage = 8.38 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joby George \|votes = 921 \|percentage = 5.68 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Gagan Bumrah \|votes = 622 \|percentage = 3.84 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Raj Nayak{{efn\|name=alpgreen\|Member of the [[Victorian Labor Party\|Labor Party]] and also "affiliated" with the [[Victorian Greens\|Greens]].<ref name="affiliation">{{cite web\|title=Many of your local election candidates appear to be independent. Our survey reveals otherwise\|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/many-of-your-local-election-candidates-appear-to-be-independent-our-survey-reveals-otherwise-20240929-p5kedz.html\|website=The Age\|author=Rachael Dexter and Nathanael Scott\|access-date=5 October 2024\|date=3 October 2024}}</ref>}} \|votes = 508 \|percentage = 3.13 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 16,208 \|percentage = 96.45 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 597 \|percentage = 3.55 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 16,805 \|percentage = 84.12 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shane Taylor \|votes = 8,470 \|percentage = 52.26 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Kasuni Mendis \|votes = 7,738 \|percentage = 47.74 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Quarters=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Quarters Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Carolyn Eaves \|votes = 3,092 \|percentage = 20.05 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ian Wood \|votes = 2,799 \|percentage = 18.15 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria\|Independent Freedom]] \|party style = Freedom \|candidate = Craig Baird \|votes = 2,343 \|percentage = 15.19 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kuljeet Kaur Robinson \|votes = 2,046 \|percentage = 13.27 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Aftab Hussain \|votes = 2,043 \|percentage = 13.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jagdeep Singh Sukhija \|votes = 1,730 \|percentage = 11.22 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Rolfe \|votes = 1,037 \|percentage = 6.72 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ridvan Rasimi \|votes = 334 \|percentage = 2.17 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 15,424 \|percentage = 96.16 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 616 \|percentage = 3.84 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 16,040 \|percentage = 79.63 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Carolyn Eaves \|votes = 8,517 \|percentage = 55.22 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ian Wood \|votes = 6,907 \|percentage = 44.78 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===River Gum=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|River Gum Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lynette Pereira \|votes = 3,691 \|percentage = 24.41 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Wayne Smith \|votes = 2,535 \|percentage = 16.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nazir Yousafi \|votes = 2,351 \|percentage = 15.55 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria\|Independent Freedom]] \|party style = Freedom \|candidate = Geoff Hansen \|votes = 2,280 \|percentage = 15.08 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Asher Coleman \|votes = 2,111 \|percentage = 13.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Damien Rosario \|votes = 1,117 \|percentage = 7.39 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Garry Page \|votes = 1,033 \|percentage = 6.83 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 15,118 \|percentage = 96.10 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 614 \|percentage = 3.90 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 15,732 \|percentage = 80.27 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lynette Pereira \|votes = 8,551 \|percentage = 56.56 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria\|Independent Freedom]] \|party style = Freedom \|candidate = Geoff Hansen \|votes = 6,567 \|percentage = 43.44 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tooradin=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Tooradin Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jennifer Dizon \|votes = 4,164 \|percentage = 26.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Tassone \|votes = 4,123 \|percentage = 26.19 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kuldeep Kaur \|votes = 1,995 \|percentage = 12.67 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Andrew Gai \|votes = 1,952 \|percentage = 12.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Yaghobi Ali \|votes = 1,474 \|percentage = 9.36 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brenton Kelly \|votes = 1,407 \|percentage = 8.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Ravneet Singh \|votes = 626 \|percentage = 3.98 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 15,741 \|percentage = 96.49 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 573 \|percentage = 3.51 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 16,314 \|percentage = 81.06 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jennifer Dizon \|votes = 8,597 \|percentage = 54.62 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Tassone \|votes = 7,144 \|percentage = 45.38 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Waratah=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey\|Waratah Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Stefan Koomen \|votes = 6,481 \|percentage = 43.26 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jamel Kaur Singh \|votes = 3,245 \|percentage = 21.66 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nasser Yawari \|votes = 2,352 \|percentage = 15.70 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Ezatullah Alam \|votes = 1,959 \|percentage = 13.08 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Burak Dilbaz \|votes = 943 \|percentage = 6.30 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 14,980 \|percentage = 95.43 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 717 \|percentage = 4.57 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 15,697 \|percentage = 78.19 \|change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Stefan Koomen \|votes = 7,660 \|percentage = 51.13 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jamel Kaur Singh \|votes = 3,961 \|percentage = 26.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nasser Yawari \|votes = 3,359 \|percentage = 22.42 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ==Frankston== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Frankston City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Frankston\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Frankston\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 5 \| seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Frankston\|Frankston City Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Frankston\|Frankston City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Frankston City Council \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/frankston-city-council \|publisher=VEC \|access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref> ===Frankston results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Frankston]] ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 52,315 \| style="width:40px;" \| 66.88 \| style="width:45px;" \| \| style="width:40px;" \| 5 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 15,299 \| 19.56 \| \| 2 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 3,972 \| 5.08 \| \| 1 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 2,140 \| 2.74 \| \| 1 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Sustainable Australia\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Sustainable Australia\|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] \| 2,013 \| 2.57 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Independent Libertarian]] \| 1,724 \| 2.20 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 749 \| 0.96 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 78,212 \| 96.88 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 2,522 \| 3.12 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 80,734 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 101,147 \| 79.82 \| \| \| \|} ===Ballam=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Ballam Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kris Bolam \|votes = 3,852 \|percentage = 43.09 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Adam Marshal \|votes = 1,846 \|percentage = 20.65 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Steven Hughes \|votes = 1,624 \|percentage = 18.17 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cristy Solis \|votes = 1,618 \|percentage = 18.10 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,940 \|percentage = 97.11 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 266 \|percentage = 2.89 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,206 \|percentage = 77.12 \|change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kris Bolam \|votes = 4,778 \|percentage = 53.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Adam Marshal \|votes = 2,182 \|percentage = 24.41 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Steven Hughes \|votes = 1,980 \|percentage = 22.15 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Centenary Park=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Centenary Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Michael O'Reilly \|votes = 4,313 \|percentage = 47.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Maureen Rodgers \|votes = 2,254 \|percentage = 25.07 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Shane Osborne \|votes = 1,676 \|percentage = 18.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Andrew Cheeseman \|votes = 749 \|percentage = 8.33 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,992 \|percentage = 96.97 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 281 \|percentage = 3.03 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,273 \|percentage = 82.89 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Michael O'Reilly \|votes = 5,478 \|percentage = 60.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Maureen Rodgers \|votes = 3,514 \|percentage = 39.08 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Derinya=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Derinya Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Brad Hill \|votes = 2,417 \|percentage = 26.62 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Liam Hughes \|votes = 1,889 \|percentage = 20.81 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hans Vanderstadt \|votes = 1,706 \|percentage = 18.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cassandra Grace \|votes = 1,285 \|percentage = 14.15 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ashleigh Hoult \|votes = 1,236 \|percentage = 13.61 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Iva Babic \|votes = 546 \|percentage = 6.01 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,079 \|percentage = 96.74 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 306 \|percentage = 3.26 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,385 \|percentage = 82.62 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Brad Hill \|votes = 5,201 \|percentage = 57.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Liam Hughes \|votes = 3,878 \|percentage = 42.71 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Elisabeth Murdoch=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Elisabeth Murdoch Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Henryk Kay \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/henryk-kay-elisabeth-murdoch-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221339/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/henryk-kay-elisabeth-murdoch-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cherie Wanat \|votes = 3,951 \|percentage = 40.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Stephen McDonald \|votes = 2,423 \|percentage = 25.10 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Libertarian \|candidate = Chrysten Abraham \|votes = 1,724 \|percentage = 17.86 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Suzette Tayler \|votes = 1,202 \|percentage = 12.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Henryk Kay \|votes = 355 \|percentage = 3.68 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Renee Jackson {{small\|(ineligible)}}{{efn\|name=retired\|Candidate was ineligible to contest the election after not completing [[2024 Victorian local elections#Mandatory candidate training\|mandatory candidate training]].<ref name="retires16">{{cite web \|title=VEC retires 16 local council election candidates \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/about-us/media/vec-retires-16-local-council-election-candidates \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001090935/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/about-us/media/vec-retires-16-local-council-election-candidates \|archive-date=1 October 2024 \|date=30 September 2024}}</ref> They still appeared on the ballot as they were only "retired" by the [[Victorian Electoral Commission]] after ballot papers had been printed, however they could not serve as a councillor and their votes were distributed to other candidates according to voters' preferences.<ref>{{cite web \|title=16 council candidates retired over training failure \|url=https://insidelocalgovernment.com.au/16-council-election-candidates-retired-after-training-failure/ \|publisher=Inside Local Government \|access-date=1 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001103520/https://insidelocalgovernment.com.au/16-council-election-candidates-retired-after-training-failure/ \|archive-date=1 October 2024 \|date=30 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Retired candidates \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/retired-candidates \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=7 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107204304/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/retired-candidates \|archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref>}} \|votes = ''N/A'' \|percentage = ''N/A'' \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,655 \|percentage = 96.63 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 337 \|percentage = 3.37 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,992 \|percentage = 84.53 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cherie Wanat \|votes = 6,007 \|percentage = 62.22 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Stephen McDonald \|votes = 3,648 \|percentage = 37.78 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kananook=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Kananook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Emily Green \|votes = 2,140 \|percentage = 27.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Glenn Aitken \|votes = 1,999 \|percentage = 25.62 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lisa Stark \|votes = 1,602 \|percentage = 20.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nathan Pither \|votes = 1,358 \|percentage = 17.41 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Trent Stagg \|votes = 703 \|percentage = 9.01 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,802 \|percentage = 97.14 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 230 \|percentage = 2.86 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,032 \|percentage = 75.60 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Emily Green \|votes = 4,192 \|percentage = 53.73 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Glenn Aitken \|votes = 3,610 \|percentage = 46.27 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Greens \|swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Lyrebird=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Lyrebird Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Steffie Conroy \|votes = 3,385 \|percentage = 38.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sam Keats \|votes = 2,907 \|percentage = 33.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Nathan Havis \|votes = 2,403 \|percentage = 27.64 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,695 \|percentage = 96.57 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 309 \|percentage = 3.43 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,004 \|percentage = 79.51 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Steffie Conroy \|votes = 4,537 \|percentage = 52.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sam Keats \|votes = 4,158 \|percentage = 47.82 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Pines=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Pines Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sue Baker \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sue-baker-pines-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221431/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sue-baker-pines-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Justin Turner \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/justin-turner-pines-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221346/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/justin-turner-pines-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Bernadette Graus \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bernadette-graus-pines-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221316/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bernadette-graus-pines-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Quinney Brownfield-Hanna \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/quinney-brownfield-hanna-pines-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221417/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/quinney-brownfield-hanna-pines-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sue Baker \|votes = 2,708 \|percentage = 36.39 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Justin Turner \|votes = 2,288 \|percentage = 30.75 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bernadette Graus \|votes = 1,245 \|percentage = 16.73 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Quinney Brownfield-Hanna \|votes = 1,200 \|percentage = 16.13 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,441 \|percentage = 96.64 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 259 \|percentage = 3.36 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,700 \|percentage = 73.88 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sue Baker \|votes = 4,266 \|percentage = 57.33 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Justin Turner \|votes = 3,175 \|percentage = 42.67 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wilton=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Wilton Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Asker \|votes = 3,976 \|percentage = 42.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Annaliese Collison \|votes = 3,127 \|percentage = 33.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Prasad Philip \|votes = 1,234 \|percentage = 13.32 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Richard Rendell \|votes = 924 \|percentage = 9.98 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,261 \|percentage = 97.29 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 258 \|percentage = 2.71 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,519 \|percentage = 82.31 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Asker \|votes = 5,004 \|percentage = 54.03 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Annaliese Collison \|votes = 4257 \|percentage = 45.97 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Yamala=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston\|Yamala Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sheila Newman \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sheila-newman-yamala-fcc/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221422/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sheila-newman-yamala-fcc/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Frankston letterboxing and social meetup \|url=https://www.sustainableaustralia.org.au/frankston_letterboxing_and_social_meetup_-_sunday_5_december_2021 \|publisher=Sustainable Australia Party \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014134015/https://www.sustainableaustralia.org.au/frankston_letterboxing_and_social_meetup_-_sunday_5_december_2021 \|archive-date=14 October 2024 \|date=5 December 2021}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nathan Butler \|votes = 2,986 \|percentage = 35.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Sustainable Australia\|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] \|party style = Sustainable Australia \|candidate = Sheila Newman \|votes = 2,013 \|percentage = 24.12 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Alistair Wardle \|votes = 1,526 \|percentage = 18.28 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Garry Ebbott \|votes = 1,040 \|percentage = 12.46 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Steve Toms \|votes = 782 \|percentage = 9.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ben Frawley {{small\|(ineligible)}}{{efn\|name=retired}} \|votes = N/A \|percentage = N/A \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,347 \|percentage = 96.80 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 276 \|percentage = 3.20 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,623 \|percentage = 79.07 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nathan Butler \|votes = 5,161 \|percentage = 61.83 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = [[Sustainable Australia\|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] \|party style = Sustainable Australia \|candidate = Sheila Newman \|votes = 3,186 \|percentage = 38.17 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==Glen Eira== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Glen Eira City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections#Glen Eira in South-Eastern Melbourne\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Glen Eira\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 5 \| seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Glen Eira\|Glen Eira City Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[No overall control]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Glen Eira\|Glen Eira City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Glen Eira City Council \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/glen-eira-city-council \|publisher=VEC \|access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ===Glen Eira results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Glen Eira]]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Glen Eira City Council results\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/glen-eira-city-council/results\|publisher=VEC\|access-date=11 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Glen Eira City Council election candidates\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/glen-eira-city-council/nominations\|publisher=VEC\|access-date=11 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 57,980 \| style="width:40px;" \| 68.75 \| style="width:45px;" \| +15.39 \| style="width:40px;" \| 6 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 16,205 \| 19.78 \| +0.97 \| 3 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 4,253 \| 5.19 \| –3.77 \| 0 \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 1,647 \| 2.01 \| –11.56 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Libertarian]] \| 1,060 \| 1.29 \| +0.67 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 785 \| 0.96 \| +0.96 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 81,930 \| 97.15 \| +2.31 \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 2,407 \| 2.85 \| –2.31 \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 84,337 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 102,201 \| 82.52 \| –0.66 \| \| \|} ===Bambra=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Bambra Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=VOTE 1 MARGARET ESAKOFF \|url=https://www.facebook.com/residentscomefirst/posts/pfbid032su3GH4hHNFSmvi3Z5PQhg9BEPXkptwbmAQyRMPJ1R4w4tU28j59MrUy3KCfcdNfl?rdid=9fub44SFNMxznZvz \|website=Facebook \|publisher=Margaret Esakoff - Candidate for Bambra Ward \|access-date=4 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20241104051922/https://www.facebook.com/residentscomefirst/posts/pfbid032su3GH4hHNFSmvi3Z5PQhg9BEPXkptwbmAQyRMPJ1R4w4tU28j59MrUy3KCfcdNfl?rdid=9fub44SFNMxznZvz \|archive-date=4 November 2024 \|date=13 September 2020 \|quote=I am not a member of a political party}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Margaret Esakoff \|votes = 3,542 \|percentage = 38.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Catherine McNaughton \|votes = 1,621 \|percentage = 17.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shane Shmuel \|votes = 1,418 \|percentage = 15.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Max Gross \|votes = 1,137 \|percentage = 12.28 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anouchkar Caderamanpulle \|votes = 721 \|percentage = 7.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Richard Codron \|votes = 456 \|percentage = 4.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Elen David \|votes = 364 \|percentage = 3.93 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,259 \|percentage = 96.95 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 291 \|percentage = 3.05 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,550 \|percentage = 82.78 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Margaret Esakoff \|votes = 5,715 \|percentage = 61.72 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shane Shmuel \|votes = 3,544 \|percentage = 38.28 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Booran=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Booran Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Jane Karslake \|votes = 3,056 \|percentage = 34.11 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anne-Marie Cade \|votes = 2,992 \|percentage = 33.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cliff Carp \|votes = 1,174 \|percentage = 13.10 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Meg Lyell \|votes = 914 \|percentage = 10.20 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jeremy Koadlow \|votes = 823 \|percentage = 9.19 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,959 \|percentage = 97.19 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 259 \|percentage = 2.81 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,218 \|percentage = 82.45 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Jane Karslake \|votes = 4,591 \|percentage = 51.24 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anne-Marie Cade \|votes = 4,368 \|percentage = 48.76 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Caulfield Park=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Caulfield Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sam Parasol \|votes = 5,154 \|percentage = 56.66 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Victor Deng \|votes = 1,658 \|percentage = 18.23 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Jaynaya Travis \|votes = 785 \|percentage = 8.63 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tammy Graeve \|votes = 759 \|percentage = 8.34 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = James Steedman \|votes = 740 \|percentage = 8.14 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,096 \|percentage = 97.95 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 190 \|percentage = 2.05 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,286 \|percentage = 79.55 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Jasper=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Jasper Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Arabella Daniel \|votes = 4,582 \|percentage = 48.95 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Josh Lobo \|votes = 3,600 \|percentage = 38.46 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = J. Han \|votes = 1,178 \|percentage = 12.59 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,360 \|percentage = 97.42 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 248 \|percentage = 2.58 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,608 \|percentage = 84.18 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Arabella Daniel \|votes = 5,168 \|percentage = 55.21 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Josh Lobo \|votes = 4,192 \|percentage = 44.79 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Mallanbool=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Mallanbool Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kimberley Young \|votes = 4,037 \|percentage = 43.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Jim Magee \|votes = 3,230 \|percentage = 34.65 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nick Palamaras \|votes = 1,391 \|percentage = 14.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Robert Breda \|votes = 663 \|percentage = 7.11 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,321 \|percentage = 97.49 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 240 \|percentage = 2.51 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,561 \|percentage = 84.98 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kimberley Young \|votes = 5,306 \|percentage = 56.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Jim Magee \|votes = 4,015 \|percentage = 43.07 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Moorleigh=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Moorleigh Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kay Rimbaldo \|votes = 6,554 \|percentage = 71.50 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Karen Nisbet \|votes = 2,612 \|percentage = 28.50 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,166 \|percentage = 95.44 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 438 \|percentage = 4.56 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,604 \|percentage = 84.06 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Murrumbeena=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Murrumbeena Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Luca Ragni \|votes = 2,828 \|percentage = 31.00 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Neil Pilling \|votes = 2,704 \|percentage = 29.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Callum Bugbird \|votes = 1,830 \|percentage = 20.06 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Libertarian \|candidate = Matthew Aitken \|votes = 1,060 \|percentage = 11.62 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Edward Kreymer \|votes = 702 \|percentage = 7.69 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,124 \|percentage = 97.42 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 242 \|percentage = 2.58 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,366 \|percentage = 82.49 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Luca Ragni \|votes = 4,880 \|percentage = 53.49 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Neil Pilling \|votes = 4,244 \|percentage = 46.51 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Orrong=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Orrong Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = [[Sue Pennicuik]] \|votes = 2,423 \|percentage = 28.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Simone Zmood \|votes = 2,236 \|percentage = 26.11 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Yossi Salamon \|votes = 1,991 \|percentage = 23.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Mike Craig \|votes = 1,281 \|percentage = 14.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lily Steiner \|votes = 634 \|percentage = 7.40 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,565 \|percentage = 97.56 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 214 \|percentage = 2.44 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,779 \|percentage = 78.14 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Simone Zmood \|votes = 4,670 \|percentage = 54.52 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = [[Sue Pennicuik]] \|votes = 3,895 \|percentage = 45.48 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wattle Grove=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira\|Wattle Grove Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Li Zhang \|votes = 3,019 \|percentage = 33.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Angus Morrison \|votes = 1,442 \|percentage = 15.88 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Eric Stone \|votes = 1,390 \|percentage = 15.31 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Mish-elle Korn \|votes = 1,191 \|percentage = 13.12 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Angie Glance \|votes = 1,054 \|percentage = 11.61 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Emiko Hunt \|votes = 504 \|percentage = 5.55 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kenneth Law \|votes = 480 \|percentage = 5.29 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,080 \|percentage = 96.96 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 285 \|percentage = 3.04 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,365 \|percentage = 84.11 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Li Zhang \|votes = 5,290 \|percentage = 58.26 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Angus Morrison \|votes = 3,790 \|percentage = 41.74 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ==Greater Dandenong== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = {{nowrap\|2024 Greater Dandenong City Council election}} \| election_date = 26 October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 6 \| seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Greater Dandenong City Council]] \| image2 = <div style="width:100px;"><span style="line-height:150px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color\|Independent Labor (Australia)}}; font-size:30px;"> '''IND'''</span></div> \| leader2 = \| party2 = [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Ind. Labor]] \| last_election2 = 8 seats \| seats_before2 = 8 \| seats2 = '''7''' \| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 1 \| popular_vote2 = 29,937 \| percentage2 = 44.34% \| swing2 = {{decrease}} 13.32{{efn\|name="DandenongALP2020"}} \| image1 = <div style="width:100px;"><span style="line-height:150px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color\|Independent politician}}; font-size:30px;"> '''IND'''</span></div> \| leader1 = \| party1 = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| last_election1 = 1 seat \| seats_before1 = 1 \| seats1 = 2 \| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 1 \| popular_vote1 = '''31,088''' \| percentage1 = '''46.04%''' \| swing1 = {{increase}} 10.12 \| image3 = [[File:Greens placeholder-01.png\|150x150px]] \| leader3 = \| party3 = Australian Greens Victoria \| last_election3 = 1 seat \| seats_before3 = 1 \| seats3 = 2 \| seat_change3 = {{increase}} 1 \| popular_vote3 = 5,728 \| percentage3 = 8.48% \| swing3 = {{increase}} 5.66 \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| after_party = \| map = {{Switcher \| [[File:GreaterDandenong2024wards.png\|250px]] \| Results in each ward by winning party \| [[File:MelbLGA-GreaterDandenong.gif\|280px]] \| Map of [[Greater Melbourne]] with Greater Dandenong highlighted }}}} [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Greater Dandenong City Council]] is composed of 11 single-member wards. Greater Dandenong's ward structure was changed prior to the [[2020 Victorian local elections\|2020 election]], making this the second election with single-member wards. [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Keysborough South Ward]] councillor Rhonda Garad successfully contested [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Cleeland Ward]]. [[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] councillor Tim Dark did not seek re-election in [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Keysborough Ward]].<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Foladi \|first1=Sahar \|title=Cr Tim Dark exits council \|url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-12/cr-tim-dark-exits-council/ \|publisher=Star Journal \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912101128/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-12/cr-tim-dark-exits-council/ \|archive-date=12 September 2024 \|date=12 September 2024}}</ref> ===Greater Dandenong results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Greater Dandenong]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Greater Dandenong council election, 2024 \|url=https://www.tallyroom.com.au/viccouncil2024/gtdandenong2024 \|publisher=The Tally Room \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909224218/https://www.tallyroom.com.au/viccouncil2024/gtdandenong2024 \|archive-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Greater Dandenong \|url=https://greens.org.au/vic/lga/greaterdandenong \|publisher=Victorian Greens \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918102509/https://greens.org.au/vic/lga/greaterdandenong \|archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Lucadou-Wells \|first1=Cam \|title=Formoso clan, Ian Cook announce shock candidacies \|url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/formoso-clan-ian-cook-announce-shock-candidacies/ \|publisher=Star Journal \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105102/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/formoso-clan-ian-cook-announce-shock-candidacies/ \|archive-date=18 September 2024 \|date=17 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Foladi \|first1=Sahar \|title=Ballots drawn for Greater Dandenong Council poll \|url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/ballots-drawn-for-greater-dandenong-council-poll/ \|publisher=Star Journal \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105311/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/ballots-drawn-for-greater-dandenong-council-poll/ \|archive-date=18 September 2024 \|date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Foladi \|first1=Sahar \|title=Low on council candidates \|url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/low-on-council-candidates/ \|publisher=Star Journal \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918103036/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/low-on-council-candidates/ \|archive-date=18 September 2024 \|date=18 September 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 31,088 \| style="width:40px;" \| 46.04 \| style="width:45px;" \| +10.12 \| style="width:40px;" \| 2 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \| [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 29,937 \| 44.34 \| −13.32{{efn\|name="DandenongALP2020"\|Compared to the combined [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Dandenong Labor]] and [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] vote total at the [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong\|2020 election]].<ref name="Dandenong2020">{{cite web \|title=Greater Dandenong City Council election results 2020 \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/2020-council-election-results/greater-dandenong-city-council \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=9 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241025031318/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/2020-council-election-results/greater-dandenong-city-council \|archive-date=25 October 2024 \|date=10 November 2020}}</ref>}} \| 7 \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 5,728 \| 8.48 \| +5.66 \| 2 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 766 \| 1.13 \| +1.13 \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 67,519 \| 96.56 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 2,405 \| 3.44 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 69,924 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters \| 93,869 \| \| \| \| \|} ===Cleeland=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Cleeland Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = greens vic \|candidate = Rhonda Garad \|votes = 2,025 \|percentage = 34.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Angela Long \|votes = 1,804 \|percentage = 30.86 \|change = +4.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Zahra Haydar Big \|votes = 1,355 \|percentage = 23.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Pradeep Hewavitharana \|votes = 662 \|percentage = 11.32 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 5,846 \|percentage = 95.74 \|change = +0.29 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 260 \|percentage = 4.26 \|change = –0.29 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,106 \|percentage = 75.36 \|change = +0.58 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Greens\|votes=3,135\|candidate=Rhonda Garad\|percentage=53.63\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Angela Long\|votes=2,711\|percentage=46.37\|change=–10.32}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Greens Vic \|loser = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Dandenong=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Dandenong Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Jim Memeti \|votes = 3,466 \|percentage = 62.78 \|change = +1.62 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Rahima Rizai \|votes = 2,055 \|percentage = 37.22 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 5,521 \|percentage = 92.36 \|change = –3.57 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 457 \|percentage = 7.64 \|change = +3.57 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 5,978 \|percentage = 75.05 \|change = +2.48 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = independent labor \|swing = +1.62 }} {{Election box end}} ===Dandenong North=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Dandenong North Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults>{{cite web\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/greater-dandenong-city-council/results\|title=Greater Dandenong City Council Results\|website=Victorian Electoral Commission\|date=November 2024\|accessdate=7 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Meet the Greater Dandenong Council candidates – Dandenong North Ward \|url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-24/meet-the-greater-dandenong-council-candidates-dandenong-north-ward/ \|publisher=Dandenong Star Journal \|access-date=14 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924010719/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-24/meet-the-greater-dandenong-council-candidates-dandenong-north-ward/ \|archive-date=24 September 2024 \|date=24 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Bob Milkovic \|votes = 3,828 \|percentage = 52.03 \|change = +11.10 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Rhonda Tannous \|votes = 1,924 \|percentage = 26.15 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Daniel Formoso \|votes = 985 \|percentage = 13.39 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Rosana Ierone \|votes = 325 \|percentage = 4.42 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Branka Tomic \|votes = 296 \|percentage = 4.02 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,358 \|percentage = 97.38 \|change = –0.16 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 198 \|percentage = 2.62 \|change = +0.16 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,556 \|percentage = 83.78 \|change = –1.29 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Keysborough=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Keysborough Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/><ref>{{cite web \|title=Tevyn Gov \|url=https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/tevyn-gov \|publisher=Victorian Socialists \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918072613/https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/tevyn-gov \|archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Melinda Yim \|votes = 3,058 \|percentage = 42.07 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Peter Brown \|votes = 2,104 \|percentage = 28.94 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Daniel Dang \|votes = 793 \|percentage = 10.91 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Sinan Akkurt \|votes = 593 \|percentage = 8.16 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = victorian socialists \|candidate = Tevyn Gov \|votes = 328 \|percentage = 4.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Hemara In \|votes = 215 \|percentage = 2.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Reinaldo Ivan Pincheira \|votes = 178 \|percentage = 2.45 \|change = –0.36 }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,269 \|percentage = 97.00 \|change = +0.40 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 225 \|percentage = 3.00 \|change = –0.40 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,494 \|percentage = 84.54 \|change = –2.06 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|votes=3,734\|candidate=Melinda Yim\|percentage=51.37\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Peter Brown\|votes=2,404\|percentage=33.07\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Daniel Dang\|votes=1,131\|percentage=15.56\|change=}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = independent \|loser = independent liberal \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Keysborough South=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Keysborough South Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = greens vic \|candidate = Isabella Do \|votes = 3,703 \|percentage = 47.52 \|change = +19.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Alexandra Bryant \|votes = 1,340 \|percentage = 17.19 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Ajdin Muzur \|votes = 1,274 \|percentage = 16.35 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Sasha Jankovic \|votes = 797 \|percentage = 10.23 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Geraldine Gonsalvez \|votes = 679 \|percentage = 8.71 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,793 \|percentage = 97.73 \|change = +0.96 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 181 \|percentage = 2.27 \|change = –0.96 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,974 \|percentage = 86.82 \|change = –0.50 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Greens\|votes=4,027\|candidate=Isabella Do\|percentage=51.67\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Alexandra Bryant\|votes=1,498\|percentage=19.22\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Ajdin Muzur\|votes=1,355\|percentage=17.39\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Sasha Jankovic\|votes=913\|percentage=11.72\|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Greens Vic \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Noble Park=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Noble Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Sophie Tan \|votes = unopposed \|percentage = \|change = }} {{Election box registered electors \|reg. electors = 9,066 \|percentage = \|change = }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = independent labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Noble Park North=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Noble Park North Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Lana Formoso \|votes = 3,873 \|percentage = 55.45 \|change = +14.51 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Will Billings \|votes = 2,082 \|percentage = 29.81 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Love Agravante \|votes = 548 \|percentage = 7.85 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Karl Rathnayake \|votes = 482 \|percentage = 6.90 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,985 \|percentage = 97.42 \|change = +0.70 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 185 \|percentage = 2.58 \|change = –0.70 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,170 \|percentage = 82.79 \|change = –0.47 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = independent labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale Central=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Springvale Central Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/><ref>{{cite web \|title=Sean Stebbings \|url=https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/sean-stebbings \|publisher=Victorian Socialists \|access-date=18 September 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105626/https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/sean-stebbings \|archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Alice Phuong Le \|votes = 1,669 \|percentage = 23.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent Labor \|candidate = Meng Bunlay \|votes = 1,635 \|percentage = 23.47 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Minh Le \|votes = 1,628 \|percentage = 23.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Brian Dalton \|votes = 985 \|percentage = 14.14 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Hor Truong \|votes = 612 \|percentage = 8.78 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = victorian socialists \|candidate = Sean Stebbings \|votes = 438 \|percentage = 6.29 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,967 \|percentage = 97.58 \|change = +0.13 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 173 \|percentage = 2.42 \|change = –0.13 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,140 \|percentage = 85.35 \|change = +2.00 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Alice Phuong Le\|votes=4,022\|percentage=57.73\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Minh Le\|votes=2,945\|percentage=42.27\|change=}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = independent labor \|loser = independent labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale North=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Springvale North Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Sean O'Reilly \|votes = 2,905 \|percentage = 45.39 \|change = –6.16 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Angela Holl \|votes = 2,262 \|percentage = 35.34 \|change = –7.29 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Huong Dinh \|votes = 1,233 \|percentage = 19.27 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,400 \|percentage = 97.71 \|change = +0.43 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 150 \|percentage = 2.29 \|change = –0.43 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,550 \|percentage = 83.64 \|change = +2.85 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Sean O'Reilly\|votes=3,300\|percentage=51.56\|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent\|candidate=Angela Holl\|votes=3,100\|percentage=48.44\|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale South=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Springvale South Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Loi Truong \|votes = 2,429 \|percentage = 34.26 \|change = +1.44 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Thayhorn Yim \|votes = 1,364 \|percentage = 19.24 \|change = +7.10 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Andy Tran \|votes = 1,206 \|percentage = 17.01 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Yen Thai \|votes = 740 \|percentage = 10.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Maleb Hem \|votes = 712 \|percentage = 10.04 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Lin Sok \|votes = 639 \|percentage = 9.01 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,090 \|percentage = 96.44 \|change = –1.34 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 262 \|percentage = 3.56 \|change = +1.34 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,352 \|percentage = 86.37 \|change = +0.98 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|votes=4,098\|candidate=Loi Truong\|percentage=57.80\|change=+7.24}} {{Election box candidate AU party\|party=Independent Labor\|candidate=Thayhorn Yim\|votes=2,992\|percentage=42.20\|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|swing = +7.24 }} {{Election box end}} ===Yarraman=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong\|Yarraman Ward]]{{efn\|Swings and percentage changes compared to results of the [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#2024 Yarraman Ward by-election\|2024 Yarraman Ward by-election]].}}<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent labor \|candidate = Phillip Danh \|votes = 3,690 \|percentage = 58.66 \|change = +35.80 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = independent \|candidate = Ian Cook \|votes = 2,600 \|percentage = 41.34 \|change = +41.34 }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,290 \|percentage = 95.25 \|change = +1.87 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 314 \|percentage = 4.75 \|change = –1.87 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,604 \|percentage = 79.57 \|change = +12.44 }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = independent labor \|swing = +7.63 }} {{Election box end}} ==Kingston== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Kingston City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Kingston\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Kingston\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 6 \| seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[City of Kingston\|Kingston City Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[No overall control]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Kingston\|Kingston City Council]] is composed of 11 single-member wards. Kingston's ward structure was changed prior to the [[2020 Victorian local elections\|2020 election]], making this the second election with single-member wards. ===Kingston results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Kingston]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Kingston City Council election\|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council\|publisher=VEC\|access-date=26 September 2024}}</ref> ! style="width:10px" colspan=3 \| Party ! style="width:70px;"\| Votes ! style="width:40px;"\| % ! style="width:40px;"\| Swing ! style="width:40px;"\| Seats ! style="width:40px;"\| Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|   \| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"\| [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| 67,025 \| 72.31 \| \| 8 \| {{increase}} 3 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|   \| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"\| [[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 18,837 \| 20.32 \| \| 3 \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 2,845 \| 3.07 \| \| 0 \| {{decrease}} 2 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|   \| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"\| [[Victorian Socialists]] \| 2,714 \| 2.93 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|   \| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"\| [[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 1,267 \| 1.37 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \|  Formal votes \| 92,688 \| 96.74 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \|  Informal votes \| 3,126 \| 3.26 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \|  Total \| 95,814 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \|  Registered voters / turnout \| 114,049 \| 84.01 \| \| \| \|} === Banksia === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Banksia Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Chris Howe \|votes = 5,079 \|percentage = 61.38 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kalina Murday \|votes = 1,796 \|percentage = 21.70 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rosemary Parrant \|votes = 771 \|percentage = 9.32 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Heather Smith \|votes = 629 \|percentage = 7.60 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,275 \|percentage = 97.06 \|change = +0.13 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 251 \|percentage = 2.94 \|change = –0.13 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,526 \|percentage = 80.35 \|change = –1.92 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Bunjil === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Bunjil Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Tony Athanasopoulos \|votes = 4,791 \|percentage = 56.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nikki Kaur \|votes = 3,620 \|percentage = 43.04 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,411 \|percentage = 95.34 \|change = –2.56 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 411 \|percentage = 4.66 \|change = +2.56 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,822 \|percentage = 83.42 \|change = +0.56 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|loser = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Caruana === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Caruana Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Kingston City Council election candidates \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council/nominations#caruana-ward \|publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission \|access-date=10 October 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928044953/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council/nominations#caruana-ward \|archive-date=28 September 2024 \|date=17 September 2024 \|quote=If you share my concerns and Liberal values, I ask that you vote 1 Sav Peulich.}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Caroline White \|votes = 2,713 \|percentage = 30.84 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Eric Lee \|votes = 1,878 \|percentage = 21.35 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Natan Raykhtin-Breitenfeld \|votes = 1,040 \|percentage = 11.82 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shannon Hughes \|votes = 1,022 \|percentage = 11.62 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Sav Peulich \|votes = 822 \|percentage = 9.34 \|change = –5.35 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Michael Carty \|votes = 435 \|percentage = 4.94 \|change = –1.80 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Riz Sheikh Nasir \|votes = 412 \|percentage = 4.68 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joe Crupi \|votes = 275 \|percentage = 3.13 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Gandhi Bevinakoppa \|votes = 201 \|percentage = 2.28 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,798 \|percentage = 96.31 \|change = –1.07 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 337 \|percentage = 3.69 \|change = +1.07 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,135 \|percentage = 88.38 \|change = +0.26 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Caroline White \|votes = 5,369 \|percentage = 61.03 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Eric Lee \|votes = 3,429 \|percentage = 38.97 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent Liberal \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Chicquita === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Chicquita Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jane Agirtan \|votes = 1,937 \|percentage = 23.06 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tracey Davies \|votes = 1,620 \|percentage = 19.29 \|change = –12.86 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Wandzia French \|votes = 966 \|percentage = 11.50 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ian Baldock \|votes = 812 \|percentage = 9.67 \|change = +3.26 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rosemary West \|votes = 758 \|percentage = 9.02 \|change = –18.08 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Jayden McKay \|votes = 591 \|percentage = 7.04 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Lachlan McDonald \|votes = 568 \|percentage = 6.76 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Emma Doble \|votes = 533 \|percentage = 6.35 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anna Ricciuti \|votes = 411 \|percentage = 4.89 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lina Pistone \|votes = 204 \|percentage = 2.43 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,400 \|percentage = 95.21 \|change = –1.90 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 423 \|percentage = 4.79 \|change = +1.90 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,823 \|percentage = 85.45 \|change = –0.65 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jane Agirtan \|votes = 4,438 \|percentage = 52.83 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tracey Davies \|votes = 3,962 \|percentage = 47.17 \|change = –11.24 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Como === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Como Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Chris Hill \|votes = 2,933 \|percentage = 34.07 \|change = +3.89 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Victoria Oxley \|votes = 1,903 \|percentage = 22.10 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Brendan Lenarcic \|votes = 1,758 \|percentage = 20.42 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Beckett \|votes = 1,357 \|percentage = 15.76 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Ya Ge Xu \|votes = 658 \|percentage = 7.64 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,609 \|percentage = 97.70 \|change = –0.32 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 203 \|percentage = 2.30 \|change = +0.32 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,812 \|percentage = 82.09 \|change = –2.15 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Chris Hill \|votes = 4,582 \|percentage = 53.22 \|change = –3.62 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Victoria Oxley \|votes = 4,027 \|percentage = 46.78 \|change = }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|swing = –3.62 }} {{Election box end}} === Karkarook === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Karkarook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Hadi Saab \|votes = 3,744 \|percentage = 45.04 \|change = +24.55 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jono Ling \|votes = 1,940 \|percentage = 23.34 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Lauren Stevenson \|votes = 1,611 \|percentage = 19.38 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Shiva Ambadgatti \|votes = 1,018 \|percentage = 12.25 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,313 \|percentage = 96.82 \|change = +1.79 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 273 \|percentage = 3.18 \|change = –1.79 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,586 \|percentage = 83.59 \|change = +0.45 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Hadi Saab \|votes = 4,180 \|percentage = 50.28 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jono Ling \|votes = 2,400 \|percentage = 28.87 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Lauren Stevenson \|votes = 1,733 \|percentage = 20.85 \|change = }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Longbeach === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Longbeach Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Georgina Oxley \|votes = 3,020 \|percentage = 37.94 \|change = –7.87 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rohan Parrant \|votes = 1,996 \|percentage = 25.08 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bronwyn Currie \|votes = 1,413 \|percentage = 17.75 \|change = +10.95 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Luke Gilling \|votes = 622 \|percentage = 7.81 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Walker \|votes = 539 \|percentage = 6.77 \|change = +1.30 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Samara Dixon \|votes = 370 \|percentage = 4.65 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,960 \|percentage = 96.54 \|change = –0.35 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 285 \|percentage = 3.46 \|change = +0.35 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,245 \|percentage = 83.32 \|change = –0.34 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Georgina Oxley \|votes = 4,448 \|percentage = 55.88 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Rohan Parrant \|votes = 3,512 \|percentage = 44.12 \|change = }} {{Election box hold AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Melaleuca === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Melaleuca Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tess Law \|votes = 2,687 \|percentage = 29.90 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Louise Black \|votes = 1,822 \|percentage = 20.27 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Declan Dubout \|votes = 1,747 \|percentage = 19.44 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Gavin Nolan \|votes = 1,405 \|percentage = 15.63 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Alex Breskin \|votes = 691 \|percentage = 7.69 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jack Cassidy \|votes = 636 \|percentage = 7.08 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,988 \|percentage = 97.50 \|change = –0.39 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 230 \|percentage = 2.50 \|change = +0.39 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,218 \|percentage = 83.31 \|change = –1.60 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tess Law \|votes = 5,103 \|percentage = 56.78 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Louise Black \|votes = 3,885 \|percentage = 43.22 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Sandpiper === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Sandpiper Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kirralee Ashworth-Collett \|votes = 3,584 \|percentage = 42.26 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Graham Fountain \|votes = 2,286 \|percentage = 26.96 \|change = +5.33 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Kealey Nutt{{efn\|name=alpgreen}} \|votes = 1,962 \|percentage = 23.14 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Abraham Jesus Garcia \|votes = 648 \|percentage = 7.64 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,480 \|percentage = 97.92 \|change = +0.50 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 180 \|percentage = 2.08 \|change = –0.50 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,660 \|percentage = 85.13 \|change = –0.76 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kirralee Ashworth-Collett \|votes = 5,367 \|percentage = 63.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Graham Fountain \|votes = 3,113 \|percentage = 36.71 \|change = –9.75 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent Labor \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Wattle === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Wattle Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Huge shake-up at Kingston Council \|url=https://baysidenews.com.au/2024/11/11/huge-shake-up-at-kingston-council/ \|publisher=Bayside News \|access-date=28 June 2025 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204124745/https://baysidenews.com.au/2024/11/11/huge-shake-up-at-kingston-council/ \|archive-date=4 December 2024 \|date=11 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jenna Davey-Burns \|votes = 2,253 \|percentage = 28.80 \|change = –0.97 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Freedom \|candidate = Georgia Erevnidis \|votes = 1,878 \|percentage = 24.00 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Geoff Woods \|votes = 1,582 \|percentage = 20.22 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Aldo Comazzetto \|votes = 738 \|percentage = 9.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Trent Pirihi \|votes = 549 \|percentage = 7.02 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Amiriya Dorian \|votes = 512 \|percentage = 6.54 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nadica Visic \|votes = 312 \|percentage = 3.99 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,824 \|percentage = 96.90 \|change = –0.56 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 250 \|percentage = 3.10 \|change = +0.56 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,074 \|percentage = 81.99 \|change = –1.57 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Freedom \|candidate = Georgia Erevnidis \|votes = 4,312 \|percentage = 55.11 \|change = +55.11 }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jenna Davey-Burns \|votes = 3,512 \|percentage = 44.89 \|change = –12.49 }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent Freedom \|loser = Independent \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Yammerbrook === {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston\|Yammerbrook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sarah O'Donnell \|votes = 2,690 \|percentage = 31.17 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Greg McMahon \|votes = 2,173 \|percentage = 25.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = David Eden \|votes = 1,834 \|percentage = 21.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Susanna Moore \|votes = 576 \|percentage = 6.67 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tony Firman \|votes = 451 \|percentage = 5.23 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mark Tarulli \|votes = 423 \|percentage = 4.90 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Daniel Loza \|votes = 273 \|percentage = 3.16 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mellissa Glanville \|votes = 210 \|percentage = 2.43 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 8,630 \|percentage = 96.82 \|change = –0.88 }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 283 \|percentage = 3.18 \|change = +0.88 }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 8,913 \|percentage = 87.29 \|change = –0.18 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sarah O'Donnell \|votes = 5,136 \|percentage = 59.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Greg McMahon \|votes = 3,494 \|percentage = 40.49 \|change = }} {{Election box gain AU party\| \|winner = Independent \|loser = Independent Liberal \|swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Mornington Peninsula== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Mornington Peninsula\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Mornington Peninsula\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 6 \| seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Mornington Peninsula Shire Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Mornington Peninsula Shire Council]] is composed of eleven single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of six wards (three single-member wards, one two-member ward and two three-member wards), but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/mornington-peninsula-shire-council\|publisher=VEC \|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> ===Mornington Peninsula results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Mornington Peninsula]] ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 90,460 \| style="width:40px;" \| 82.86 \| style="width:45px;" \| \| style="width:40px;" \| 10 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{decrease}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 10,013 \| 9.17 \| \| 1 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 5,864 \| 5.37 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 2,026 \| 1.86 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 811 \| 0.74 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 109,174 \| 97.01 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 3,360 \| 2.99 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 112,534 \| 100.00 \| \| 11 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 134,819 \| 83.47 \| \| \| \|} ===Beek Beek=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Beek Beek Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kate Roper \|votes = 6,367 \|percentage = 66.74 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Lavinia Jenkin \|votes = 3,173 \|percentage = 33.26 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,540 \|percentage = 94.36 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 570 \|percentage = 5.64 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,110 \|percentage = 85.56 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Benbenjie=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Benbenjie Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Ker \|first1=Peter \|title=Clarke misses Liberal preselection by a vote \|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/clarke-misses-liberal-preselection-by-a-vote-20060626-ge2lbk.html \|publisher=The Age \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318152744/https://www.theage.com.au/national/clarke-misses-liberal-preselection-by-a-vote-20060626-ge2lbk.html \|archive-date=18 March 2023 \|date=26 June 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Butler \|first1=Ben \|last2=Desloires \|first2=Vanessa \|title=Prime Trust director Peter Clarke gave false evidence \|url=https://www.smh.com.au/business/prime-trust-director-peter-clarke-gave-false-evidence-20140727-3cnkx.html \|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017002351/https://www.smh.com.au/business/prime-trust-director-peter-clarke-gave-false-evidence-20140727-3cnkx.html \|archive-date=17 October 2022 \|date=28 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Peter Clarke \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/peter-clarke-benbenjie-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221414/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/peter-clarke-benbenjie-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Max Patton \|votes = 4,593 \|percentage = 48.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Peter Clarke \|votes = 4,113 \|percentage = 43.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Dinka Jakovac \|votes = 759 \|percentage = 8.02 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,465 \|percentage = 97.70 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 223 \|percentage = 2.30 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,688 \|percentage = 85.18 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Max Patton \|votes = 5,097 \|percentage = 53.85 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Peter Clarke \|votes = 4,368 \|percentage = 46.15 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Briars=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Briars Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Anthony Marsh \|votes = 7,717 \|percentage = 70.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Despi O'Connor \|votes = 3,240 \|percentage = 29.57 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bill Daish {{small\|(ineligible)}}{{efn\|name=retired}} \|votes = ''N/A'' \|percentage = ''N/A'' \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 10,957 \|percentage = 98.43 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 175 \|percentage = 1.57 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 11,132 \|percentage = 85.97 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Brokil=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Brokil Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Patrick Binyon \|votes = 5,117 \|percentage = 50.93 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Elizabeth Woolcock \|votes = 3,580 \|percentage = 35.63 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Marie Murray \|votes = 1,351 \|percentage = 13.45 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 10,048 \|percentage = 97.53 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 254 \|percentage = 2.47 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,302 \|percentage = 82.85 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Coolart=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Coolart Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Gill \|votes = 4,715 \|percentage = 45.07 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Neil Biggins \|votes = 3,395 \|percentage = 32.45 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Dennice Allen-Breeschoten \|votes = 2,351 \|percentage = 22.47 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 10,461 \|percentage = 97.97 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 217 \|percentage = 2.03 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,678 \|percentage = 83.64 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = David Gill \|votes = 5,474 \|percentage = 52.33 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Neil Biggins \|votes = 4,987 \|percentage = 47.67 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kackeraboite=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Kackeraboite Ward]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.mpnews.com.au/2024/11/11/councillors-decided-as-count-comes-to-end/\|title=Councillors decided as count comes to end\|author=McCullough, Cameron\|publisher=Mornington Peninsula News Group\|date=11 November 2024\|access-date=11 November 2024 \|archive-date=11 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111064914/https://www.mpnews.com.au/2024/11/11/councillors-decided-as-count-comes-to-end/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Daniel McCaffrey \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/daniel-mccaffrey-kackeraboite-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221321/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/daniel-mccaffrey-kackeraboite-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Stephen Batty \|votes = 5,900 \|percentage = 60.77 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Daniel McCaffrey \|votes = 3,808 \|percentage = 39.23 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,708 \|percentage = 95.42 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 466 \|percentage = 4.58 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,174 \|percentage = 85.83 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Moorooduc=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Moorooduc Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Bruce Ranken \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bruce-ranken-moorooduc-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221319/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bruce-ranken-moorooduc-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Bruce Ranken \|votes = 5,241 \|percentage = 56.15 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kathryn Smith \|votes = 4,093 \|percentage = 43.85 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,334 \|percentage = 95.64 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 426 \|percentage = 4.36 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,760 \|percentage = 83.98 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Nepean=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Nepean Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Suzanne Jones \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/suzanne-jones-nepean-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221436/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/suzanne-jones-nepean-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Susan Bissinger \|votes = 2,279 \|percentage = 21.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Andrea Allen \|votes = 2,252 \|percentage = 21.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Eddie Matt \|votes = 2,103 \|percentage = 20.11 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Josie Jones \|votes = 1,568 \|percentage = 14.99 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Suzanne Jones \|votes = 1,509 \|percentage = 14.43 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Krysten Le Marshall \|votes = 457 \|percentage = 4.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Monique Toms \|votes = 290 \|percentage = 2.77 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 10,458 \|percentage = 97.48 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 270 \|percentage = 2.52 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,728 \|percentage = 82.68 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Andrea Allen \|votes = 5,396 \|percentage = 51.60 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Eddie Matt \|votes = 5,062 \|percentage = 48.40 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tanti=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Tanti Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Tom Davies \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/tom-davies-tanti-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221439/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/tom-davies-tanti-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Paul Pingiaro \|votes = 4,827 \|percentage = 49.53 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nick Fallaw \|votes = 2,840 \|percentage = 29.14 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tom Davies \|votes = 1,237 \|percentage = 12.69 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Barry Besanko \|votes = 842 \|percentage = 8.64 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,746 \|percentage = 98.04 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 195 \|percentage = 1.96 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,941 \|percentage = 83.28 \|change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Paul Pingiaro \|votes = 5,212 \|percentage = 53.48 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nick Fallaw \|votes = 3,102 \|percentage = 31.83 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tom Davies \|votes = 1,432 \|percentage = 14.69 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tootgarook=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Tootgarook Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Andrew De Bartolo \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/andrew-debartolo-tootgarook-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221303/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/andrew-debartolo-tootgarook-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cam Williams \|votes = 3,790 \|percentage = 39.64 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Antonella Celi \|votes = 3,746 \|percentage = 39.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Andrew De Bartolo \|votes = 2,026 \|percentage = 21.19 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,562 \|percentage = 97.41 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 254 \|percentage = 2.59 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 9,816 \|percentage = 79.50 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Cam Williams \|votes = 4,929 \|percentage = 51.55 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Antonella Celi \|votes = 4,633 \|percentage = 48.45 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Warringine=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire\|Warringine Ward]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Simon Meyer \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/simon-meyer-warringine-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221424/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/simon-meyer-warringine-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Nic Robertson \|url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/nic-robertson-warringine-mps/ \|publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula \|access-date=15 November 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221406/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/nic-robertson-warringine-mps/ \|archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Michael Stephens \|votes = 3,458 \|percentage = 34.95 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hilda Rachid \|votes = 2,544 \|percentage = 25.71 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Simon Meyer \|votes = 2,056 \|percentage = 20.78 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Mark Palmer \|votes = 1,026 \|percentage = 10.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Nic Robertson \|votes = 811 \|percentage = 8.20 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 9,895 \|percentage = 96.96 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 310 \|percentage = 3.04 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 10,205 \|percentage = 80.22 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Michael Stephens \|votes = 5,760 \|percentage = 58.21 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Hilda Rachid \|votes = 4,135 \|percentage = 41.79 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==Stonnington== {{Infobox election \| country = Victoria \| election_name = 2024 Stonnington City Council election \| election_date = October 2024 \| previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Stonnington\|2020]] \| next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Stonnington\|2028]] \| type = parliamentary \| vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia\|First preference]] \| ongoing = \| turnout = \| majority_seats = 5 \| seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Stonnington\|Stonnington City Council]] \| title = Largest party \| posttitle = Subsequent largest party \| before_election = [[No overall control]] \| before_party = \| after_election = [[Independent politician\|Independents]] \| after_party = }} [[City of Stonnington\|Stonnington City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Stonnington City Council \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/stonnington-city-council \|publisher=VEC \|access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ===Stonnington results=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" \|+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Stonnington]]<ref>{{cite web \|title=Stonnington City Council election \|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/stonnington-city-council/nominations \|publisher=VEC \|access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" \|Party ! style="width:70px;" \|Votes ! style="width:40px;" \| % ! style="width:40px;" \|Swing ! style="width:40px;" \|Seats ! style="width:40px;" \|Change \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent politician\|Independent]] \| style="width:70px;" \| 27,648 \| style="width:40px;" \| 48.15 \| style="width:45px;" \| \| style="width:40px;" \| 6 \| style="width:40px;" \| {{increase}} 3 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Liberal\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Liberal (Australia)\|Independent Liberal]] \| 13,873 \| 24.16 \| \| 1 \| {{decrease}} 2 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Greens\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Greens\|Greens]] \| 7,478 \| 13.02 \| \| 0 \| {{decrease}} 2 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Independent Labor\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Independent Labor (Australia)\|Independent Labor]] \| 6,418 \| 11.18 \| \| 2 \| {{increase}} 1 \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Libertarian\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Libertarian Party (Australia)\|Libertarian]] \| 1,125 \| 1.96 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- \| {{Australian party style\|Victorian Socialists\|width:1px}} \|  \| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" \|[[Victorian Socialists]] \| 873 \| 1.52 \| \| 0 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Formal votes \| 57,415 \| 97.57 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Informal votes \| 1,432 \| 2.43 \| \| \| \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Total \| 58,847 \| 100.00 \| \| 9 \| {{steady}} \|- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" \| Registered voters / turnout \| 76,735 \| 76.69 \| \| \| \|} ===Como=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Como Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Meghan Hopper \|votes = 1,819 \|percentage = 34.89 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Hamish Taylor \|votes = 1,294 \|percentage = 24.82 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Luke Balasingam \|votes = 1,084 \|percentage = 20.79 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Spencer James Millear \|votes = 755 \|percentage = 14.48 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Clayton Doueihi \|votes = 261 \|percentage = 5.01 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 5,213 \|percentage = 98.36 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 87 \|percentage = 1.64 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 5,300 \|percentage = 67.59 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Meghan Hopper \|votes = 3,319 \|percentage = 63.67 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Hamish Taylor \|votes = 1,894 \|percentage = 36.33 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Greville=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Greville Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Melina Sehr \|votes = 1,801 \|percentage = 34.21 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Mike Scott \|votes = 1,083 \|percentage = 20.57 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Paul Francazio \|votes = 809 \|percentage = 15.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Susan Louey \|votes = 693 \|percentage = 13.16 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Alison Baker \|votes = 487 \|percentage = 9.25 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Francois Geraghty \|votes = 311 \|percentage = 5.91 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Alan Menadue \|votes = 81 \|percentage = 1.54 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 5,265 \|percentage = 97.50 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 135 \|percentage = 2.50 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 5,400 \|percentage = 68.46 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Melina Sehr \|votes = 3,370 \|percentage = 64.01 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Mike Scott \|votes = 1,895 \|percentage = 35.99 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Hedgeley Dene=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Hedgeley Dene Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sally Davis \|votes = 2,765 \|percentage = 38.39 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Josh Fast \|votes = 2,587 \|percentage = 35.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Claudio Bevilacqua \|votes = 1,250 \|percentage = 17.36 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joel Iglicki \|votes = 600 \|percentage = 8.33 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,202 \|percentage = 97.89 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 155 \|percentage = 2.11 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,357 \|percentage = 84.23 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Sally Davis \|votes = 3,720 \|percentage = 51.65 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Josh Fast \|votes = 3,482 \|percentage = 48.35 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Malvern Valley=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Malvern Valley Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Labor \|candidate = Jami Klisaris \|votes = 4,599 \|percentage = 61.63 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Joe Gianfriddo \|votes = 2,863 \|percentage = 38.37 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,462 \|percentage = 95.63 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 341 \|percentage = 4.37 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,803 \|percentage = 83.31 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Orrong=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Orrong Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Samantha Choudhury \|votes = 2,981 \|percentage = 48.37 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Henry Buch \|votes = 1,805 \|percentage = 29.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Arkie Paten \|votes = 1,377 \|percentage = 22.34 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,163 \|percentage = 98.01 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 125 \|percentage = 1.99 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,288 \|percentage = 73.82 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Samantha Choudhury \|votes = 4,099 \|percentage = 66.51 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Henry Buch \|votes = 2,064 \|percentage = 33.49 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===South Yarra=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|South Yarra Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kate Hely \|votes = 2,468 \|percentage = 47.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Julie McLean \|votes = 1,531 \|percentage = 29.40 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Mitch Fuller \|votes = 1,208 \|percentage = 23.20 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 5,207 \|percentage = 97.69 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 123 \|percentage = 2.31 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 5,330 \|percentage = 69.99 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kate Hely \|votes = 3,226 \|percentage = 61.96 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Julie McLean \|votes = 1,981 \|percentage = 38.04 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Toorak=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Toorak Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Marcia Griffin \|votes = 2,527 \|percentage = 37.60 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Tom Humphries \|votes = 2,347 \|percentage = 34.92 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Libertarian \|candidate = David Segal \|votes = 1,125 \|percentage = 16.74 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Lloyd Bickerton \|votes = 722 \|percentage = 10.74 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,721 \|percentage = 97.69 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 159 \|percentage = 2.31 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,880 \|percentage = 77.57 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Tom Humphries \|votes = 3,501 \|percentage = 52.09 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Marcia Griffin \|votes = 3,220 \|percentage = 47.91 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Tooronga=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Tooronga Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Polly Morgan \|votes = 2,516 \|percentage = 34.29 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jamie Bell \|votes = 2,502 \|percentage = 34.10 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent Liberal \|candidate = Peter Hammond \|votes = 2,320 \|percentage = 31.62 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 7,338 \|percentage = 97.83 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 163 \|percentage = 2.17 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 7,501 \|percentage = 82.16 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Jamie Bell \|votes = 4,243 \|percentage = 57.82 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Greens Vic \|candidate = Polly Morgan \|votes = 3,095 \|percentage = 42.18 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wattletree=== {{Election box begin \|title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington\|Wattletree Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nicki Batagol \|votes = 2,138 \|percentage = 31.24 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Steve Stefanopoulos \|votes = 1,915 \|percentage = 27.98 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Tammy Lidano \|votes = 1,414 \|percentage = 20.66 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Kerry Nasser \|votes = 765 \|percentage = 11.18 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Victorian Socialists \|candidate = Allyssa Gardner \|votes = 612 \|percentage = 8.94 \|change = }} {{Election box formal \|votes = 6,844 \|percentage = 97.94 \|change = }} {{Election box informal \|votes = 144 \|percentage = 2.06 \|change = }} {{Election box turnout \|votes = 6,988 \|percentage = 79.70 \|change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Steve Stefanopoulos \|votes = 3,450 \|percentage = 50.41 \|change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party \|party = Independent \|candidate = Nicki Batagol \|votes = 3,394 \|percentage = 49.59 \|change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party\| \|winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==See also== [[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Eastern Melbourne]] [[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Inner Melbourne]] [[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Northern Melbourne]] [[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Western Melbourne]] ==Notes== {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}} {{2024 Victorian local elections}} [[Category:2024 Victorian local elections\|MelbourneSouthEastern]] [[Category:Results of Victorian local elections\|MelbourneSouthEastern2024]]	1,297,750,206	[{"title": "2024 Bayside City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 7 seats on Bayside City Council \u00b7 4 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Party": "Independent \u00b7 Ind. Liberal", "Last election": "7 seats \u00b7 0 seats", "Seats before": "7 \u00b7 0", "Seats won": "4 seats \u00b7 3 seats", "Seat change": "3 \u00b7 3", "Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Cardinia Shire Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Cardinia Shire Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Casey City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2016": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 12 seats on Casey City Council \u00b7 7 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 N/A (under administration) \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Frankston City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Frankston City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Glen Eira City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Glen Eira City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Greater Dandenong City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "26 October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Greater Dandenong City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Party": "Independents \u00b7 Ind. Labor \u00b7 Greens", "Last election": "1 seat \u00b7 8 seats \u00b7 1 seat", "Seats before": "1 \u00b7 8 \u00b7 1", "Seats won": "2 \u00b7 7 \u00b7 2", "Seat change": "1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 1", "First preference vote": "31,088 \u00b7 29,937 \u00b7 5,728", "Percentage": "46.04% \u00b7 44.34% \u00b7 8.48%", "Swing": "10.12 \u00b7 13.32 \u00b7 5.66", "All 11 seats on Greater Dandenong City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority": "Results in each ward by winning party Map of Greater Melbourne with Greater Dandenong highlighted", "Largest party before election \u00b7 Independent Labor \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independent Labor"}}, {"title": "2024 Kingston City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Kingston City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Mornington Peninsula Shire Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Stonnington City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Stonnington City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}]	false
# Srirangam taluk Srirangam taluk is a taluk of Tiruchirapalli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Srirangam.This taluk has a 1 to 6 wards of city as jurisdictional areas and some villages are under this taluk of Trichy. ## Demographics According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Srirangam had a population of 210,361 with 104,734 males and 105,627 females. There were 1009 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 73.24. Child population in the age group below 6 was 10,813 Males and 10,445 Females.	enwiki/23833165	enwiki	23,833,165	Srirangam taluk	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srirangam_taluk	2019-10-01T14:06:44Z	en	Q7586514	28,267	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2019}} '''Srirangam taluk''' is a [[taluk]] of [[Tiruchirapalli district]] of the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of [[Srirangam]].This taluk has a 1 to 6 wards of city as jurisdictional areas and some villages are under this taluk of Trichy. ==Demographics== According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Srirangam had a population of 210,361 with 104,734 males and 105,627 females. There were 1009 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 73.24. Child population in the age group below 6 was 10,813 Males and 10,445 Females.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Provisional Population Totals - Tamil Nadu-Census 2011\|url=http://www.census.tn.nic.in/census2011data/PPT_taluk_data_final.pdf\|publisher=Census Tamil Nadu\|accessdate=4 July 2013\|url-status=dead\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617095215/http://www.census.tn.nic.in/census2011data/PPT_taluk_data_final.pdf\|archivedate=17 June 2013}}</ref> == References == <References/> {{Tiruchirapalli district}} {{coord missing\|Tamil Nadu}} [[Category:Taluks of Tiruchirapalli district]] {{Tiruchirapalli-geo-stub}}	919,037,335	[]	false
# UCSF648 UCSF648 is an experimental drug which acts as a selective partial agonist for the 5-HT5A serotonin receptor. Very few selective ligands are available for this receptor, and UCSF648 is expected to be useful in researching its structure and function.	enwiki/79721571	enwiki	79,721,571	UCSF648	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCSF648	2025-05-03T19:53:57Z	en	Q134287071	145,603	{{cs1 config\|name-list-style=vanc\|display-authors=6}} {{Drugbox \| IUPAC_name = N-[(5-chloroquinolin-8-yl)methyl]-3-ethylsulfonylpropan-1-amine \| image = UCSF648.svg \| width = <!--Clinical data--> \| tradename = \| routes_of_administration = <!--Identifiers--> \| CAS_number = 2637090-56-1 \| UNII = \| ATC_prefix = \| PubChem = 154864756 \| IUPHAR_ligand = \| ChemSpiderID = 115008020 \| ChEMBL = 5079940 <!--Chemical data--> \| C=15 \| H=19 \| Cl=1 \| N=2 \| O=2 \| S=1 \| smiles = CCS(=O)(=O)CCCNCC1=C2C(=C(C=C1)Cl)C=CC=N2 \| StdInChI = 1S/C15H19ClN2O2S/c1-2-21(19,20)10-4-8-17-11-12-6-7-14(16)13-5-3-9-18-15(12)13/h3,5-7,9,17H,2,4,8,10-11H2,1H3 \| StdInChIKey = GNNSPXBPLMMQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N }} '''UCSF648''' is an experimental drug which acts as a selective [[partial agonist]] for the [[5-HT5A receptor\|5-HT<sub>5A</sub>]] [[serotonin receptor]]. Very few selective ligands are available for this receptor, and UCSF648 is expected to be useful in researching its structure and function.<ref name="pmid35195401">{{cite journal \| vauthors = Levit Kaplan A, Strachan RT, Braz JM, Craik V, Slocum S, Mangano T, Amabo V, O'Donnell H, Lak P, Basbaum AI, Roth BL, Shoichet BK \| title = Structure-Based Design of a Chemical Probe Set for the 5-HT5A Serotonin Receptor \| journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry \| volume = 65 \| issue = 5 \| pages = 4201–4217 \| date = March 2022 \| pmid = 35195401 \| pmc = 9116900 \| doi = 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02031 }}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Serotonergics}} [[Category:5-HT5A agonists]] [[Category:Experimental drugs]] [[Category:Quinolines]] [[Category:Sulfones]] [[Category:Chloroarenes]] [[Category:Secondary amines]] {{nervous-system-drug-stub}}	1,288,611,873	[{"title": "Identifiers", "data": {"Identifiers": "IUPAC name - N-[(5-chloroquinolin-8-yl)methyl]-3-ethylsulfonylpropan-1-amine", "CAS Number": "- 2637090-56-1", "PubChem CID": "- 154864756", "ChemSpider": "- 115008020", "ChEMBL": "- ChEMBL5079940"}}, {"title": "Chemical and physical data", "data": {"Formula": "C15H19ClN2O2S", "Molar mass": "326.84 g\u00b7mol\u22121", "3D model (JSmol)": "- Interactive image", "Chemical and physical data": ["SMILES - CCS(=O)(=O)CCCNCC1=C2C(=C(C=C1)Cl)C=CC=N2", "InChI - InChI=1S/C15H19ClN2O2S/c1-2-21(19,20)10-4-8-17-11-12-6-7-14(16)13-5-3-9-18-15(12)13/h3,5-7,9,17H,2,4,8,10-11H2,1H3 - Key:GNNSPXBPLMMQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N"]}}]	false
# Victor of Marseilles Victor of Marseilles (died c. 290) was an Egyptian Christian martyr. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, and Eastern Orthodox Church. ## Life Victor is said to have been a Roman army officer in Marseille, who publicly denounced the worship of idols. For that, he was brought before the Roman prefects, Asterius and Eutychius, who later sent him to the Emperor Maximian. He was then racked, beaten, dragged through the streets, and thrown into prison, where he converted three other Roman soldiers, Longinus, Alexander, and Felician, who were subsequently beheaded. After refusing to offer incense to a statue of the Roman god Jupiter, Victor kicked it over with his foot. The emperor ordered that he be put to death by being ground under a millstone, but the millstone broke while Victor was still alive. He was then beheaded. ## Veneration Victor and the three other Roman soldiers he converted – Longinus, Alexander and Felician – were killed near the end of the 3rd century. In the 4th century, John Cassian built a monastery over the site where their bodies had been buried in a cave, which later became a Benedictine abbey and minor basilica. This is the Abbey of St Victor (Abbaye Saint-Victor). Saint Victor's feast day, along with Saints Longinus, Alexander and Felician, is celebrated on July 21. ## Patronage Victor is the patron saint of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. His life and martyrdom are celebrated in the scenes depicted on the high altar of St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn.	enwiki/2726857	enwiki	2,726,857	Victor of Marseilles	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_of_Marseilles	2025-02-17T19:22:50Z	en	Q1374522	28,456	{{Short description\|3rd-century Egyptian martyr and saint}} {{Infobox saint \|honorific_prefix=Saint \|name=Victor of Marseilles \|birth_date=3rd century [[AD]] \|death_date=c. 290 [[AD]] \|feast_day=July 21 \|venerated_in=[[Catholic Church]]<br>[[Oriental Orthodox Church]]<br>[[Eastern Orthodox Church]] \|image=Woudrichem_-_Nooit_Gedagt_-_Victor_van_Marseille.jpg \|imagesize=250px \|caption= \|birth_place= \|death_place=[[Marseille]] \|titles=Martyr \|beatified_date= \|beatified_place= \|beatified_by= \|canonized_date= \|canonized_place= \|canonized_by= \|attributes=Depicted as a Roman soldier with a millstone; depicted overthrowing a statue of Jupiter; in stocks, comforted by angels; scourged and crushed by a millstone; or with his body beheaded and flung into the river, from which the angels take it;<ref name="Saints of July 21">[http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0721.shtml Saints of July 21<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> depicted with windmill \|patronage= cabinetmakers, millers, torture victims, sick children; invoked against lightning \|major_shrine= \|suppressed_date= \|issues= }} '''Victor of Marseilles''' (died c. 290) was an [[Egyptians\|Egyptian]] [[Christian martyr]]. He is [[veneration\|venerated]] as a [[saint]] in the [[Catholic Church]], [[Oriental Orthodox Church]], and [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]. ==Life== Victor is said to have been a [[Roman army]] officer in [[Marseille]], who publicly denounced the worship of [[Cult image\|idols]]. For that, he was brought before the Roman [[prefect]]s, Asterius and Eutychius, who later sent him to the Emperor [[Maximian]].<ref name=butler>[http://www.bartleby.com/210/7/214.html Butler, Alban. ''Lives of the Saints'', Vol. VII, 1866]</ref> He was then racked, beaten, dragged through the streets, and thrown into prison, where he converted three other Roman soldiers, Longinus, Alexander, and Felician, who were subsequently beheaded. After refusing to offer [[incense]] to a statue of the Roman god [[Jupiter (god)\|Jupiter]], Victor kicked it over with his foot. The emperor ordered that he be put to death by being ground under a millstone, but the millstone broke while Victor was still alive. He was then beheaded.<ref name=butler/> ==Veneration== [[Image:Abbaye Saint-Victor (Marseille).jpg\|thumb\|150px\|right\|Abbey of St Victor]] Victor and the three other Roman soldiers he converted – Longinus, Alexander and Felician – were killed near the end of the 3rd century. In the 4th century, [[John Cassian]] built a [[monastery]] over the site where their bodies had been buried in a cave, which later became a [[Benedictine]] abbey and [[minor basilica]]. This is the [[Abbey of St Victor, Marseille\|Abbey of St Victor]] (''Abbaye Saint-Victor''). Saint Victor's [[feast day]], along with Saints Longinus, Alexander and Felician, is celebrated on July 21. [[File:Saint Victor, Saint Nicholas, Saint George and the blackamoor, Tallin (ES).jpg\|thumb\|left\|Saint Victor, [[Saint Nicholas]], [[Saint George]], and [[Saint Maurice]] at [[St. Nicholas Church, Tallinn]]]] == Patronage == Victor is the patron saint of [[Tallinn]], the capital of [[Estonia]].<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/1959116/ ''Puha Viktor-Tallinna kaitsepuhak. St. Victor -the patron saint of Tallinn.'']</ref> His life and martyrdom are celebrated in the scenes depicted on the high altar of [[St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn]]. ==Notes== <references/> ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070624145027/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintv12.htm Victor of Marseilles] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Victor Of Marseille}} [[Category:3rd-century births]] [[Category:290 deaths]] [[Category:Ancient Massaliotes]] [[Category:3rd-century Christian martyrs]] [[Category:Gallo-Roman saints]]	1,276,246,376	[{"title": "Martyr", "data": {"Born": "3rd century AD", "Died": "c. 290 AD \u00b7 Marseille", "Venerated in": "Catholic Church \u00b7 Oriental Orthodox Church \u00b7 Eastern Orthodox Church", "Feast": "July 21", "Attributes": "Depicted as a Roman soldier with a millstone; depicted overthrowing a statue of Jupiter; in stocks, comforted by angels; scourged and crushed by a millstone; or with his body beheaded and flung into the river, from which the angels take it; depicted with windmill", "Patronage": "cabinetmakers, millers, torture victims, sick children; invoked against lightning"}}]	false
# Mary Adelaide Hare Mary Adelaide Hare (3 November 1865 – 5 November 1945) was a teacher of Deaf children and a suffragist who founded the Mary Hare School. ## Early life Mary Adelaide Hare was born on 3 November 1865 in Kentish Town, London, the sixth of eleven children of Adelaide, (née Rogers) and Thomas Hare, an engineering draughtsman. ## Teaching career Mary Hare trained at the Ealing Training College for Teachers of the Deaf, and taught there as a teacher-trainee. She later became a full-time teacher there, and remained an examiner there after her departure. In January 1885, Hare opened her own school for Deaf pupils within a private girls’ school run by three of her sisters in Upper Norwood. She took in a handful of students, some of them boarders, including one child from a poor family whom she taught for free. The school moved premises to Brighton in 1894, eventually settling at Burgess Hill, in 1916, where it was known as the Dene Hollow School for the Deaf. The school focused on the 'oral method,' teaching Deaf children to speak as well as sign, and attracted pupils from great distances away. ## Suffragist While in Brighton, Mary Hare chaired meetings of the Women's Social and Political Union and hosted WSPU events in her house. By 1913, she had become the secretary of the Brighton branch of the Women's Freedom League. She spoiled her 1911 census record as part of a WFL protest. ## Later positions and death During World War I she held a leadership role in the Brighton branch of the Women's Police Volunteers. She was the first woman to serve on the Burgess Hill Urban District Council (1919–1938) and the first woman chair of the National College of Teachers of the Deaf (1928). She died at her home in Dene Hollow on 5 November 1945. In 1946 the school was redesignated the Mary Hare Grammar School for the Deaf. ## Commemoration A blue plaque was erected in her memory in 2024 at St Michael's Place, Brighton, where she taught for six years at the end of the nineteenth century.	enwiki/75665079	enwiki	75,665,079	Mary Adelaide Hare	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Adelaide_Hare	2025-06-17T09:51:02Z	en	Q106383460	27,571	{{Short description\|English teacher of the Deaf and suffragist}}{{Infobox person \| name = Mary Adelaide Hare \| birth_date = 3 November 1865 \| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1945\|11\|05\|1865\|11\|03\|df=y}} \| known_for = Teacher of Deaf children, [[suffragist]], founder of [[Mary Hare School]]. }} '''Mary Adelaide Hare''' (3 November 1865 – 5 November 1945) was a teacher of Deaf children and a [[Suffrage\|suffragist]] who founded the [[Mary Hare School]]. == Early life == Mary Adelaide Hare was born on 3 November 1865 in [[Kentish Town]], London, the sixth of eleven children of Adelaide, (''née'' Rogers) and Thomas Hare, an engineering draughtsman.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web \|last1=Crawford \|first1=Elizabeth \|author-link=Elizabeth Crawford (historian) \|date=2019 \|title=Hare, Mary Adelaide (1865–1945), teacher of the deaf and campaigner for women's suffrage \|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-369185 \|access-date=2023-12-28 \|website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography \|language=en \|doi=10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.369185 \|isbn=978-0-19-861412-8}}</ref> == Teaching career == Mary Hare trained at the Ealing Training College for Teachers of the Deaf, and taught there as a teacher-trainee. She later became a full-time teacher there, and remained an examiner there after her departure.<ref name=":0" /> In January 1885, Hare opened her own school for Deaf pupils within a private girls’ school run by three of her sisters in [[Upper Norwood]]. She took in a handful of students, some of them boarders, including one child from a poor family whom she taught for free.<ref name=":0" /> The school moved premises to [[Brighton]] in 1894, eventually settling at [[Burgess Hill]], in 1916, where it was known as the Dene Hollow School for the Deaf.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Archives \|first=The National \|date=2022-11-16 \|title=The National Archives - Mary Hare's Pioneering Establishment: The Dene Hollow Oral School for the Deaf \|url=https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/the-dene-hollow-oral-school-for-the-deaf/ \|access-date=2023-12-28 \|website=The National Archives blog \|language=en-GB}}</ref> The school focused on the 'oral method,' teaching Deaf children to speak as well as sign, and attracted pupils from great distances away.<ref>‘Unique Establishment at Burgess Hill’, Mid Sussex Times, 22 September 1925, p. 5.</ref> == Suffragist == While in Brighton, Mary Hare chaired meetings of the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] and hosted WSPU events in her house. By 1913, she had become the secretary of the Brighton branch of the [[Women's Freedom League]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Crawford \|first=Elizabeth \|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement in Britain and Ireland: a Regional Survey \|year=2006 \|pages=196}}</ref> She spoiled her 1911 census record as part of a WFL protest.<ref name=":0" /> == Later positions and death == During World War I she held a leadership role in the Brighton branch of the [[Women's Police Service\|Women's Police Volunteers]]. She was the first woman to serve on the Burgess Hill Urban District Council (1919–1938) and the first woman chair of the National College of Teachers of the Deaf (1928).<ref name=":0" /> She died at her home in Dene Hollow on 5 November 1945. In 1946 the school was redesignated the Mary Hare Grammar School for the Deaf.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2017-09-05 \|title=History of Mary Hare \|url=https://www.maryhare.org.uk/about-us/history-mary-hare \|access-date=2023-12-28 \|website=Mary Hare School \|language=en}}</ref> == Commemoration == A blue plaque was erected in her memory in 2024 at St Michael's Place, Brighton, where she taught for six years at the end of the nineteenth century.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-03-23 \|title=Mary Hare: Brighton pioneer deaf teacher and suffragette honoured \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp6d9jx0041o \|access-date=2024-03-24 \|website=BBC News \|language=en-GB}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hare, Mary Adelaide}} [[Category:1865 births]] [[Category:1945 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century English women educators]] [[Category:20th-century English educators]] [[Category:English suffragists]]	1,296,026,295	[{"title": "Mary Adelaide Hare", "data": {"Born": "3 November 1865", "Died": "5 November 1945 (aged 80)", "Known for": "Teacher of Deaf children, suffragist, founder of Mary Hare School."}}]	false
# Being Black in Halifax Being Black in Halifax is a Canadian documentary film and television series, which premiered in 2020 on CBC Television and CBC Gem. Created in conjunction with Fabienne Colas's Being Black in Canada foundation, the series selects several emerging filmmakers each year to create and produce short documentary films about Black Canadian life and experience in Halifax, Nova Scotia, which are screened at the Halifax Black Film Festival before being broadcast as an episode of the CBC's Absolutely Canadian series and streamed on CBC Gem. The series is a companion to Being Black in Toronto, a similar collaboration between the CBC and Colas' Toronto Black Film Festival. The four films in the 2020 series were Francesca Ekwuyasi's "Black + Belonging", Bradley Bright's "Normal", Latesha Auger's "The Journey of Self Love" and Harmony Adesola's "Youth Hiphop and Halifax". Four more films — "Farrin" by Lily Nottage, "The Search for Healing" by Tyler Simmonds, "A Passion Made New" by Dena Williams and "North Preston: The Untold Story" by Kardeisha Provo — were broadcast in 2021. Four new films, Guyleigh Johnson's "Scratching the Surface", Deborah Castrilli's "Framework", Tyus McSween's "Washed Up" and Jodell Stundon's "Finding a Way Out", premiered at HBFF in 2022. ## Awards At the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022, the series received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Documentary Program, and Nottage, Simmonds, Williams and Provo won for Best Direction in a Documentary Series. Johnson, Castrilli, McSween and Stundon were nominated for Best Direction in a Documentary Series at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023.	enwiki/70081886	enwiki	70,081,886	Being Black in Halifax	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Being_Black_in_Halifax	2025-05-15T17:20:19Z	en	Q111097643	15,240	{{short description\|2020 Canadian documentary film and television series}} '''''Being Black in Halifax''''' is a Canadian documentary film and television series, which premiered in 2020 on [[CBC Television]] and [[CBC Gem]].<ref>Stephen Cooke, [https://www.saltwire.com/nova-scotia/lifestyles/local-talent-local-stories-get-a-boost-from-being-black-in-halifax-at-online-hbff-2021-554774/ "Local talent, local stories get a boost from Being Black in Halifax at online HBFF 2021"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', February 20, 2021.</ref> Created in conjunction with [[Fabienne Colas]]'s Being Black in Canada foundation, the series selects several emerging filmmakers each year to create and produce short documentary films about [[Black Canadian]] life and experience in [[Halifax, Nova Scotia\|Halifax]], [[Nova Scotia]], which are screened at the [[Halifax Black Film Festival]] before being broadcast as an episode of the CBC's ''[[Absolutely Canadian]]'' series and streamed on CBC Gem.<ref>[https://www.saltwire.com/nova-scotia/lifestyles/being-black-in-halifax-program-welcomes-five-new-local-filmmakers-534785/ "Being Black in Halifax program welcomes five new local filmmakers"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', December 24, 2020.</ref> The series is a companion to ''[[Being Black in Toronto]]'', a similar collaboration between the CBC and Colas' [[Toronto Black Film Festival]]. The four films in the 2020 series were [[Francesca Ekwuyasi]]'s "Black + Belonging", Bradley Bright's "Normal", Latesha Auger's "The Journey of Self Love" and Harmony Adesola's "Youth Hiphop and Halifax".<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/community/four-films-exploring-black-experiences-in-halifax-1.5792410 "Four Films Exploring Black Experiences in Halifax"]. CBC Nova Scotia, November 6, 2020.</ref> Four more films — "Farrin" by Lily Nottage, "The Search for Healing" by Tyler Simmonds, "A Passion Made New" by Dena Williams and "North Preston: The Untold Story" by Kardeisha Provo — were broadcast in 2021. Four new films, Guyleigh Johnson's "Scratching the Surface", Deborah Castrilli's "Framework", Tyus McSween's "Washed Up" and Jodell Stundon's "Finding a Way Out", premiered at HBFF in 2022.<ref>[https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/lifestyles/voices-and-visions-amplified-by-halifax-black-film-festival-feb-24-to-27-100687660/ "Voices and visions amplified by Halifax Black Film Festival Feb. 24 to 27"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', February 1, 2022.</ref> ==Awards== At the [[10th Canadian Screen Awards]] in 2022, the series received a [[Canadian Screen Award]] nomination for Best Documentary Program,<ref>Brent Furdyk, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220215130202/https://etcanada.com/news/867531/2022-canadian-screen-awards-nominees-announced/ "2022 Canadian Screen Award Nominees Announced, ‘Sort Of’ & ‘Scarborough’ Lead The Pack"]. ''[[ET Canada]]'', February 15, 2022.</ref> and Nottage, Simmonds, Williams and Provo won for Best Direction in a Documentary Series.<ref>Greg David, [https://www.tv-eh.com/2022/04/06/corner-gas-animated-the-hardy-boys-mary-berg-and-canadas-drag-race-win-during-night-3-of-the-2022-canadian-screen-awards/ "Corner Gas Animated, The Hardy Boys, Mary Berg and Canada’s Drag Race win during Night 3 of the 2022 Canadian Screen Awards"]. ''TV, eh?'', April 6, 2022.</ref> Johnson, Castrilli, McSween and Stundon were nominated for Best Direction in a Documentary Series at the [[11th Canadian Screen Awards]] in 2023.<ref>Pat Mullen, [https://povmagazine.com/2023-canadian-screen-award-nominations-for-documentary/ "2023 Canadian Screen Award Nominations for Documentary"]. ''[[Point of View (magazine)\|Point of View]]'', February 22, 2023.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:2020s Canadian documentary television series]] [[Category:2020 Canadian television series debuts]] [[Category:2020s Black Canadian television series]] [[Category:CBC Gem original programming]] [[Category:Canadian non-fiction web series]]	1,290,578,518	[]	false
# Stagecoach Buckaroo Stagecoach Buckaroo is a 1942 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and written by Al Martin. The film stars Johnny Mack Brown, Fuzzy Knight, Nell O'Day, Anne Nagel, Herbert Rawlinson and Glenn Strange. The film was released on February 13, 1942, by Universal Pictures. ## Cast - Johnny Mack Brown as Steve Hardin - Fuzzy Knight as Clem Clemmons - Nell O'Day as Molly Denton - Anne Nagel as Nina Kincaid - Herbert Rawlinson as Bill Kincaid - Glenn Strange as Breck Braddock - Henry Hall as Joseph Denton - Ernie Adams as Blinky - Lloyd Ingraham as Ezra Simpson - Frank Brownlee as Higgins - Jack C. Smith as Sheriff - Harry Tenbrook as Slatz - Blackie Whiteford as Hogan	enwiki/60280619	enwiki	60,280,619	Stagecoach Buckaroo	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagecoach_Buckaroo	2025-04-12T03:32:53Z	en	Q62277577	53,761	{{short description\|1942 film by Ray Taylor}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=October 2021}} {{Use American English\|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox film \| name = Stagecoach Buckaroo \| image = Stagecoach Buckaroo poster.jpg \| caption = Theatrical release poster \| director = [[Ray Taylor (director)\|Ray Taylor]] \| producer = Will Cowan \| screenplay = [[Al Martin (screenwriter)\|Al Martin]] \| story = [[Arthur St. Claire]] \| starring = [[Johnny Mack Brown]]<br>[[Fuzzy Knight]]<br>[[Nell O'Day]]<br>[[Anne Nagel]]<br>[[Herbert Rawlinson]]<br>[[Glenn Strange]] \| cinematography = Jerome Ash \| editing = Maurice Wright \| studio = [[Universal Pictures]] \| distributor = Universal Pictures \| released = {{Film date\|1942\|2\|13}} \| runtime = 58 minutes \| country = United States \| language = English }} '''''Stagecoach Buckaroo''''' is a 1942 American [[Western (genre)\|Western]] film directed by [[Ray Taylor (director)\|Ray Taylor]] and written by [[Al Martin (screenwriter)\|Al Martin]]. The film stars [[Johnny Mack Brown]], [[Fuzzy Knight]], [[Nell O'Day]], [[Anne Nagel]], [[Herbert Rawlinson]] and [[Glenn Strange]]. The film was released on February 13, 1942, by [[Universal Pictures]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/91229/stagecoach-buckaroo \|title=Stagecoach Buckaroo (1942) - Overview \|publisher=Turner Classic Movies \|date= \|access-date=2019-03-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|author=Hal Erickson \|url=https://www.allmovie.com/movie/stagecoach-buckaroo-v111563 \|title=Stagecoach Buckaroo (1942) - Ray Taylor \|publisher=AllMovie \|date= \|accessdate=2019-03-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27477-STAGECOACH-BUCKAROO \|title=Stagecoach Buckaroo \|publisher=Catalog.afi.com \|date= \|accessdate=2019-03-20}}</ref> ==Plot== {{no plot\|date=March 2019}} ==Cast== [[Johnny Mack Brown]] as Steve Hardin [[Fuzzy Knight]] as Clem Clemmons [[Nell O'Day]] as Molly Denton [[Anne Nagel]] as Nina Kincaid [[Herbert Rawlinson]] as Bill Kincaid [[Glenn Strange]] as Breck Braddock Henry Hall as Joseph Denton [[Ernie Adams (actor)\|Ernie Adams]] as Blinky [[Lloyd Ingraham]] as Ezra Simpson [[Frank Brownlee]] as Higgins Jack C. Smith as Sheriff [[Harry Tenbrook]] as Slatz [[Blackie Whiteford]] as Hogan ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{IMDb title\|0035376\|Stagecoach Buckaroo}} {{Ray Taylor (director)}} [[Category:1942 films]] [[Category:American Western (genre) films]] [[Category:1942 Western (genre) films]] [[Category:Universal Pictures films]] [[Category:Films directed by Ray Taylor]] [[Category:American black-and-white films]] [[Category:1940s English-language films]] [[Category:1940s American films]] [[Category:English-language Western (genre) films]]	1,285,176,463	[{"title": "Stagecoach Buckaroo", "data": {"Directed by": "Ray Taylor", "Screenplay by": "Al Martin", "Story by": "Arthur St. Claire", "Produced by": "Will Cowan", "Starring": "Johnny Mack Brown \u00b7 Fuzzy Knight \u00b7 Nell O'Day \u00b7 Anne Nagel \u00b7 Herbert Rawlinson \u00b7 Glenn Strange", "Cinematography": "Jerome Ash", "Edited by": "Maurice Wright", "Production \u00b7 company": "Universal Pictures", "Distributed by": "Universal Pictures", "Release date": "- February 13, 1942", "Running time": "58 minutes", "Country": "United States", "Language": "English"}}]	false
# Nimrod (writer) Nimrod Bena Djangrang (born 7 December 1959), better known by the pen name Nimrod, is a Chadian poet, novelist and essayist who currently lives in France. ## Life and work Nimrod was born in Koyom and completed primary and secondary school in Chad. In 1984 he moved to Abidjan in Ivory Coast, where he continued his studies and taught in middle and high schools. In 1991, he moved to France. He currently lives in Amiens, France, and teaches philosophy at the University of Picardy Jules Verne. He was the editor-in-chief of the journal Aleph, beth (1997–2000) and also the founder of the literary magazine Agotem. ## Bibliography ### Poetry - Pierre, poussière (Obsidiane, 1989) - Passage à l’infini (Obsidiane, 1999) - En saison, suivi de Pierre, poussière (Obsidiane, 2004) - Babel, Babylone (Obsidiane, 2010) - Sur les berges du Chari, district nord de la beauté (Bruno Doucey, 2016) - J'aurais un royaume en bois flottés : anthologie personnelle 1989–2016 (Gallimard, 2017) - Nébuleux trésor (Archétype, 2018) - Petit éloge de la lumière nature (Obsidiane, 2020) ### Novels, novellas and short stories - Les Jambes d’Alice (Actes Sud, 2001) - Le Départ (Actes Sud, 2005) - Le Bal des princes (Actes Sud, 2008) - L’Or des rivières (Actes Sud, 2010). The Rivers' Gold, trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Un balcon sur l’Algérois (Actes Sud, 2013) - L’enfant n'est pas mort (Bruno Doucey, 2017) - Gens de brume (Actes Sud, 2017) - La Traversée de Montparnasse (Gallimard, 2020) - Le temps liquide (Gallimard, 2021) ### Essays - Tombeau de Léopold Sédar Senghor (Le Temps qu’il fait, 2003). Léopold Sédar Senghor: In Memoriam, trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Léopold Sédar Senghor (Éditions Seghers, 2006). - La Nouvelle Chose française (Actes Sud, 2008). The New French Matter, partially trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Alan Tasso d'un chant solitaire (Les Blés d'or, 2010) - Visite à Aimé Césaire suivi de Aimé Césaire, le poème d'une vie (Obsidiane, 2013) - Léon-Gontran Damas, le poète jazzy (À dos d'âne, 2014) - L'Eau les choses les reflets : la peinture de Claire Bianchi (Claire Bianchi, 2018) ### Children's books - Rosa Parks, non à la discrimination raciale (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2008) - Aimé Césaire, non à l'humiliation (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2012). Aimé Césaire: No to Humiliation, trans. Emma Ramadan (Seven Stories Press, forthcoming). ### Compilations in English - Nimrod: Selected Writings, ed. Frieda Ekotto (University of Michigan Press, 2018) ## Awards and honours - 1989: Prix de la vocation en poésie - 1999: Prix Louise-Labé - 2008: Prix Ahmadou-Kourouma - 2008: Prix Benjamin-Fondane - 2008: Prix Édouard-Glissant - 2011: Prix Max-Jacob - 2016: Prix de poésie Pierrette-Micheloud - 2020: Prix Guillaume-Apollinaire	enwiki/77140485	enwiki	77,140,485	Nimrod (writer)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrod_(writer)	2024-08-17T03:04:27Z	en	Q3341908	33,084	{{Short description\|Chadian writer (born 1959)}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2024}} {{Infobox writer \| name = Nimrod \| image = Nimrod Benda Djangrang salon du livre 2012.jpg \| caption = Nimrod in 2012 \| native_name = \| native_name_lang = \| pseudonym = \| birth_name = Nimrod Bena Djangrang \| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|1959\|12\|07\|df=yes}} \| birth_place = [[Koyom]], Chad \| occupation = \| language = \| education = \| genre = }} '''Nimrod Bena Djangrang''' (born 7 December 1959), better known by the pen name '''Nimrod''', is a [[Demographics of Chad\|Chadian]] poet, novelist and essayist who currently lives in [[France]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book \|last=Akyeampong \|first=Emmanuel Kwaku \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ \|title=Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 4 \|last2=Jr \|first2=Professor Henry Louis Gates \|date=2012-02-02 \|publisher=OUP USA \|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5 \|pages=470–471 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=Nimrod {{!}} Spier Poetry \|url=https://spierpoetryfestival.co.za/poet/nimrod/ \|access-date=2024-06-12 \|website=spierpoetryfestival.co.za}}</ref> == Life and work == Nimrod was born in [[Koyom]] and completed primary and secondary school in Chad. In 1984 he moved to [[Abidjan]] in [[Ivory Coast]], where he continued his studies and taught in middle and high schools. In 1991, he moved to France.<ref name=":0" /> He currently lives in [[Amiens]], France, and teaches philosophy at the [[University of Picardy Jules Verne]]. He was the editor-in-chief of the journal ''Aleph, beth'' (1997–2000)<ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGowAQAAIAAJ \|title=Aleph, beth \|date=1997 \|publisher=Association JUAF \|language=fr}}</ref> and also the founder of the literary magazine ''Agotem''. == Bibliography == === Poetry === * ''Pierre, poussière'' (Obsidiane, 1989) * ''Passage à l’infini'' (Obsidiane, 1999) * ''En saison,'' suivi de ''Pierre, poussière'' (Obsidiane, 2004) * ''Babel, Babylone'' (Obsidiane, 2010) * ''Sur les berges du Chari, district nord de la beauté'' (Bruno Doucey, 2016) * ''J'aurais un royaume en bois flottés : anthologie personnelle 1989–2016'' (Gallimard, 2017) * ''Nébuleux trésor'' (Archétype, 2018) * ''Petit éloge de la lumière nature'' (Obsidiane, 2020) === Novels, novellas and short stories === * ''Les Jambes d’Alice'' (Actes Sud, 2001) * ''Le Départ'' (Actes Sud, 2005) * ''Le Bal des princes'' (Actes Sud, 2008) * ''L’Or des rivières'' (Actes Sud, 2010). ''The Rivers' Gold'', trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Un balcon sur l’Algérois'' (Actes Sud, 2013) * ''L’enfant n'est pas mort'' (Bruno Doucey, 2017) * ''Gens de brume'' (Actes Sud, 2017) * ''La Traversée de Montparnasse'' (Gallimard, 2020) * ''Le temps liquide'' (Gallimard, 2021) === Essays === * ''Tombeau de Léopold Sédar Senghor'' (Le Temps qu’il fait, 2003)''.'' ''Léopold Sédar Senghor: In Memoriam'', trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Léopold Sédar Senghor'' (Éditions Seghers, 2006). * ''La Nouvelle Chose française'' (Actes Sud, 2008). ''The New French Matter'', partially trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Alan Tasso d'un chant solitaire'' (Les Blés d'or, 2010) * ''Visite à Aimé Césaire'' suivi de ''Aimé Césaire, le poème d'une vie'' (Obsidiane, 2013) * ''Léon-Gontran Damas, le poète jazzy'' (À dos d'âne, 2014) * ''L'Eau les choses les reflets'' : ''la peinture de Claire Bianchi'' (Claire Bianchi, 2018) === Children's books === * ''Rosa Parks, non à la discrimination raciale'' (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2008) * ''Aimé Césaire, non à l'humiliation'' (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2012). ''Aimé Césaire: No to Humiliation'', trans. Emma Ramadan (Seven Stories Press, forthcoming). === Compilations in English === * ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'', ed. [[Frieda Ekotto]] (University of Michigan Press, 2018) == Awards and honours == * 1989: Prix de la vocation en poésie * 1999: Prix Louise-Labé * 2008: [[Prix Ahmadou-Kourouma]] * 2008: Prix Benjamin-Fondane * 2008: Prix Édouard-Glissant * 2011: Prix Max-Jacob * 2016: Prix de poésie Pierrette-Micheloud * 2020: [[Prix Guillaume Apollinaire\|Prix Guillaume-Apollinaire]] == References == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} [[Category:1959 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Academic staff of the University of Picardy Jules Verne]] [[Category:Chadian writers]] [[Category:Chadian poets]] [[Category:Pseudonymous writers]]	1,240,737,976	[{"title": "Nimrod", "data": {"Born": "Nimrod Bena Djangrang \u00b7 7 December 1959 \u00b7 Koyom, Chad"}}]	false
# Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the British Empire. The medal gradually superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire. In 1930, the medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal in an effort to standardise recognition across the Empire. ## Origin The Volunteer Long Service Medal was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks in the part-time Volunteer Force of the United Kingdom. In 1896, the grant of this medal was extended by Queen Victoria to members of Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and a separate new medal was instituted, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies. ## Institution The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria's Royal Warrant of 18 May 1899. This medal could be awarded to part-time members of all ranks in recognition of long service in any of the organised military forces of the Dominion of Canada, the Crown Colonies and the Protectorates, whether designated as militia or volunteers or otherwise. The medal superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire. Adoption of the medal by the Colonies took place gradually. In the Colonies which would become the Union of South Africa in 1910, for example, it was adopted by the Colony of Natal in 1900, the Cape of Good Hope in 1901 and the Transvaal Colony in 1906. In Canada and New Zealand, the medal was authorised in 1902. ## Award criteria The medal could be awarded for twenty years of service as a part-time member of any rank in any of the Colonial Auxiliary Forces. Qualifying service could be had by serving in the forces of more than one Colony or Protectorate. Service in the Militia and Volunteer Forces of the United Kingdom was also reckonable, so long as at least half of all qualifying service had been rendered in the forces of the Dominion, Colonies or Protectorates. Service on the West Coast of Africa counted as double time. Service on the permanent staff was not reckonable. Officers holding the medal who were subsequently awarded the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration were not required to surrender the medal, but were not permitted to wear it any more until such time as the full periods of service required for both decoration and medal were completed. On 25 January 1923, the Royal Warrant was amended in respect of part-time members who had actually served, or accepted the obligation of serving, beyond the boundaries of the Dominions, Colonies, Dependencies or Protectorates during the First World War. Such service on the active list was reckoned two-fold as qualifying service towards the requisite twenty years, whether such service was in the Naval Forces, Military Forces or Air Forces. ## Order of wear In the order of wear prescribed by the British Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence after the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and before the Medal for Good Shooting (Naval). ### South Africa With effect from 6 April 1952, when a new South African set of decorations and medals was instituted to replace the British awards used to date, the older British decorations and medals which were applicable to South Africa continued to be worn in the same order of precedence but, with the exception of the Victoria Cross, took precedence after all South African decorations and medals awarded to South Africans on or after that date. Of the official British medals which were applicable to South Africans, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence as shown. - Preceded by the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration (VD). - Succeeded by the Efficiency Decoration (South Africa) (ED). ## Description The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 1.42 inches (36 millimetres) in diameter, with a raised rim on each side. It is suspended from a plain, straight, swivelling silver bar, affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the rim. Obverse The obverse of the medal depicts the reigning monarch. Three obverse versions of the medal were struck. - The original Queen Victoria version of 1899 has a diademed and veiled (widowed) effigy of the Queen, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX". The initials "TB" of medallist Sir Thomas Brock KCB RA are in the field below the bust.[7][8][13] - The King Edward VII version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR". The initials "DES" of medallist George William de Saulles are in the field below the bust.[8][14] - The King George V version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1910, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and is circumscribed with the legend "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:". The initials "BM" of Australian medallist Sir Edgar Bertram Mackennal KCVO appear under the shoulder of the bust.[8] Reverse The reverse shows an ornamental shield bearing the legend "FOR LONG SERVICE IN THE COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES" in five lines. Above the shield is the Imperial Crown with a spray of oak leaves to the left and a spray of laurel to the right. Ribbon The ribbon is plain dark green and 1+1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide. The same ribbon was used for the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies and the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers Decoration. ## Discontinuation The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal on 23 September 1930 in an effort to standardise recognition for part-time service across the Empire by the award of one medal.	enwiki/47044112	enwiki	47,044,112	Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Auxiliary_Forces_Long_Service_Medal	2025-05-27T19:41:54Z	en	Q20716647	382,503	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2015}} {{Use British English\|date=July 2015}} {{Infobox military award \| name = Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal \| image = Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal (Victoria).jpg \| image_size = 300px \| caption = Queen Victoria version \| presenter = [[Queen Victoria\|the Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Empress of India]] \| country = [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg\|25px]] [[United Kingdom]] \| type = Military long service medal \| eligibility = All ranks of part-time Colonial Forces \| awarded_for = Twenty years service \| campaign = \| status = Discontinued in 1930 \| description = \| motto = \| clasps = \| post-nominals = \| established = 1899 \| firstawarded = \| lastawarded = 1931 \| total_awarded = \| total_awarded_posthumously = \| total_recipients = \| precedence_label = Order of Wear \| individual = \| higher = [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] \| same = \| lower = [[Naval Good Shooting Medal\|Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)]] \| related = [[Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies]] \| image2 = [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png\|x29px]] \| caption2 = Ribbon bar }} The '''Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal''' was instituted by [[Queen Victoria]] in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the [[British Empire]]. The medal gradually superseded the [[Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies]] in all these territories, with the exception of the [[Isle of Man]], [[Bermuda]] and the [[British Raj\|Indian Empire]].<ref name="LGaz1899">{{London Gazette\|issue=27085\|page=3517\|date=2 June 1899}}</ref><ref name="Colonial">[http://www.geocities.ws/militaf/mil94.htm South African Medal Website – Colonial Military Forces] (Accessed 6 May 2015)</ref><ref name="Medaille">{{cite web\|url=http://www.medal-medaille.com/product_info.php?products_id=11175 \|title=Volunteer Force Long Service Medal (Colonies), King George V issue, 1911–1930, miniature \|publisher= Medal-Medaille \|date=6 February 2006 \|access-date=7 April 2014}}</ref> In 1930, the medal, along with the [[Volunteer Long Service Medal]], the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the [[Militia Long Service Medal]], the [[Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal]] and the [[Territorial Efficiency Medal]], were superseded by the [[Efficiency Medal]] in an effort to standardise recognition across the Empire.<ref name="LGaz1930">{{London Gazette \|issue=33653 \|page=6311 \|date=17 October 1930}}</ref> ==Origin== The [[Volunteer Long Service Medal]] was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks in the part-time Volunteer Force of the United Kingdom. In 1896, the grant of this medal was extended by Queen Victoria to members of Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and a separate new medal was instituted, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies.<ref name="Mayo495">{{cite book\|last=Mayo\|first=John Horsley\|title=Medals and Decorations of the British Army and Navy, Vol. II, 1897 (No. 224. Volunteer Long Service, 1894.)\|url=https://archive.org/stream/medalsdecoration02mayouoft#page/494/mode/2up\|year=1897\|publisher=A. Constable\|page=495\|location=London}}</ref><ref name="Mayo499">{{cite book\|last=Mayo\|first=John Horsley\|title=Medals and Decorations of the British Army and Navy, Vol. II, 1897 (No. 225. Volunteer Long Service Medal for Indian and Colonial Forces, 1896.)\|url=https://archive.org/stream/medalsdecoration02mayouoft#page/498/mode/2up\|year=1897\|publisher=A. Constable\|page=499\|location=London}}</ref> ==Institution== The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria's Royal Warrant of 18 May 1899. This medal could be awarded to part-time members of all ranks in recognition of long service in any of the organised military forces of the [[Canada\|Dominion of Canada]], the [[Crown colony\|Crown Colonies]] and the [[Protectorate#British protectorates\|Protectorates]], whether designated as militia or volunteers or otherwise. The medal superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire.<ref name="LGaz1899"/> Adoption of the medal by the Colonies took place gradually. In the Colonies which would become the [[Union of South Africa]] in 1910, for example, it was adopted by the [[Colony of Natal]] in 1900, the [[Cape Colony\|Cape of Good Hope]] in 1901 and the [[Transvaal Colony]] in 1906. In Canada and New Zealand, the medal was authorised in 1902.<ref name="Colonial"/><ref name="Birkenhead">[http://www.birkenheadrsa.com/medals-details.php?MedalNumber=685 Birkenhead Returned Services Association - Military Medals - The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705180739/http://www.birkenheadrsa.com/medals-details.php?MedalNumber=685 \|date=5 July 2015 }} (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref><ref name="Canada">[http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/medals-decorations/service-medals/cafsm Veterans Affairs Canada - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref> ==Award criteria== The medal could be awarded for twenty years of service as a part-time member of any rank in any of the Colonial Auxiliary Forces. Qualifying service could be had by serving in the forces of more than one Colony or Protectorate. Service in the Militia and Volunteer Forces of the United Kingdom was also reckonable, so long as at least half of all qualifying service had been rendered in the forces of the Dominion, Colonies or Protectorates. Service on the West Coast of Africa counted as double time. Service on the permanent staff was not reckonable.<ref name="LGaz1899"/><ref name="LGaz1923">{{London Gazette\|issue=32792\|page=801\|date=2 February 1923}}</ref> Officers holding the medal who were subsequently awarded the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration were not required to surrender the medal, but were not permitted to wear it any more until such time as the full periods of service required for both decoration and medal were completed.<ref name="LGaz1923"/> On 25 January 1923, the Royal Warrant was amended in respect of part-time members who had actually served, or accepted the obligation of serving, beyond the boundaries of the Dominions, Colonies, Dependencies or Protectorates during the [[World War I\|First World War]]. Such service on the active list was reckoned two-fold as qualifying service towards the requisite twenty years, whether such service was in the Naval Forces, Military Forces or Air Forces.<ref name="LGaz1923"/> ==Order of wear== In the order of wear prescribed by the British [[Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood]], the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence after the [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] and before the [[Naval Good Shooting Medal\|Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)]].<ref name="London Gazette">{{London Gazette\|issue=56878\|supp=y\|page=3353\|date=17 March 2003}}</ref> ===South Africa=== {{main\|South African military decorations order of wear#Order of wear}} With effect from 6 April 1952, when a new South African set of decorations and medals was instituted to replace the British awards used to date, the older British decorations and medals which were applicable to South Africa continued to be worn in the same order of precedence but, with the exception of the [[Victoria Cross]], took precedence after all South African decorations and medals awarded to South Africans on or after that date. Of the official British medals which were applicable to South Africans, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence as shown.<ref name="London Gazette"/><ref name="Notice1982">Government Notice no. 1982 of 1 October 1954 - ''Order of Precedence of Orders, Decorations and Medals'', published in the Government Gazette of 1 October 1954.</ref><ref name="Gazette 27376">Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, {{OCLC\|72827981}}</ref> [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png\|x37px\|Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png\|x37px\|Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal]] [[File:Ribbon - Efficiency Decoration (South Africa).png\|x37px\|Efficiency Decoration (South Africa)]] * Preceded by the [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] (VD). * Succeeded by the [[Efficiency Decoration (South Africa)]] (ED). ==Description== [[File:Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal (Edward VII).jpg\|thumb\|King Edward VII version]] [[File:Colonial_Auxiliary_Forces_Long_Service_Medal_-_George_V_version.jpg\|thumb\|King George V version]] The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, {{convert\|1.42\|in\|0\|abbr=off}} in diameter, with a raised rim on each side. It is suspended from a plain, straight, swivelling silver bar, affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the rim.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia">[http://artilleryhistory.org/gunners_past_and_present/awards/colonial_auxiliary_forces_long_service_medal/colonial_auxiliary_forces_long_service_medal.html Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company - Defence Honours and Awards - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] (Accessed 5 July 2015)</ref> ;Obverse The obverse of the medal depicts the reigning monarch. Three obverse versions of the medal were struck.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/> * The original Queen Victoria version of 1899 has a diademed and veiled (widowed) effigy of the Queen, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX". The initials "TB" of medallist [[Sir Thomas Brock]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath\|KCB]] [[Royal Academy of Arts\|RA]] are in the field below the bust.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia"/> * The [[Edward VII\|King Edward VII]] version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR". The initials "DES" of medallist [[George William de Saulles]] are in the field below the bust.<ref name="Canada"/><ref name="MuseumVictoria">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130719204633/http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/1205817/medal-colonial-auxiliary-forces-long-service-medal-king-edward-vii-australia-1902-1910 Museum Victoria - Medal - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, King Edward VII, Australia, 1902-1910] (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref> * The [[George V\|King George V]] version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1910, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and is circumscribed with the legend "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:". The initials "BM" of Australian medallist Sir [[Edgar Bertram Mackennal]] [[Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order\|KCVO]] appear under the shoulder of the bust.<ref name="Canada"/> ;Reverse The reverse shows an ornamental shield bearing the legend "FOR LONG SERVICE IN THE COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES" in five lines. Above the shield is the Imperial Crown with a spray of oak leaves to the left and a spray of laurel to the right.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia"/><ref name="MuseumVictoria"/> ;Ribbon The ribbon is plain dark green and {{convert\|1+1/4\|in\|0\|abbr=off}} wide. The same ribbon was used for the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies and the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers Decoration.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/> ==Discontinuation== The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal on 23 September 1930 in an effort to standardise recognition for part-time service across the Empire by the award of one medal.<ref name="LGaz1930"/> ==References== {{Reflist\|30em}} {{Efficiency and long service decorations and medals}} {{South African military decorations and medals}} {{Thomas Brock}} [[Category:Long and Meritorious Service Medals of Britain and the Commonwealth]] [[Category:Military awards and decorations of Australia]] [[Category:Military awards and decorations of Canada]] [[Category:New Zealand Meritorious & Long Service Awards]] [[Category:Military decorations and medals of South Africa pre-1952]] [[Category:Awards established in 1899]]	1,292,584,663	[{"title": "Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal", "data": {"Type": "Military long service medal", "Awarded for": "Twenty years service", "Country": "United Kingdom", "Presented by": "the Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Empress of India", "Eligibility": "All ranks of part-time Colonial Forces", "Status": "Discontinued in 1930", "Established": "1899", "Final award": "1931"}}, {"title": "Order of Wear", "data": {"Next (higher)": "Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration", "Next (lower)": "Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)", "Related": "Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies"}}]	false
# 1998–99 Birmingham City F.C. season The 1998–99 season was Birmingham City Football Club's 96th in the Football League. They finished in fourth place in the Football League First Division, qualifying for the promotion play-offs, in which they were eliminated in the semi-final by Watford in a penalty shootout. Birmingham lost to Leicester City in the third round of the FA Cup and to Wimbledon in the third round of the Football League Cup. ## Football League First Division ### Match details \| Date \| League position \| Opponents \| Venue \| Result \| Score F–A \| Scorers \| Attendance \| Report \| \| ----------------- \| --------------- \| ----------------------- \| ----- \| ------ \| --------- \| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ---------- \| ------ \| \| 8 August 1998 \| 1st \| Port Vale \| A \| W \| 2–0 \| Furlong 21', Adebola 68' \| 10,465 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 16 August 1998 \| 1st \| Crystal Palace \| H \| W \| 3–1 \| Adebola 12', O'Connor 29' pen., Forster 90' \| 16,699 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 22 August 1998 \| 2nd \| Sheffield United \| A \| W \| 2–0 \| Adebola 55', Forster 81' \| 17,528 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 29 August 1998 \| 4th \| Barnsley \| H \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 19,825 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 31 August 1998 \| 5th \| Bradford City \| A \| L \| 1–2 \| Ndlovu 56' \| 13,910 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 8 September 1998 \| 3rd \| Bury \| H \| W \| 1–0 \| Adebola 20' \| 15,935 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 5 September 1998 \| 1st \| Stockport County \| H \| W \| 2–0 \| Marsden 15', Hughes 67' \| 16,429 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 12 September 1998 \| 2nd \| Bolton Wanderers \| A \| L \| 1–3 \| Rowett 40' \| 19,637 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 19 September 1998 \| 3rd \| Grimsby Town \| H \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 17,563 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 26 September 1998 \| 7th \| Norwich City \| A \| L \| 0–2 \| \| 16,584 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 29 September 1998 \| 5th \| Portsmouth \| A \| W \| 1–0 \| O'Connor 59 pen. \| 11,843 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 3 October 1998 \| 4th \| Tranmere Rovers \| H \| D \| 2–2 \| M. Johnson 40', Ndlovu 72' \| 17,189 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 10 October 1998 \| 3rd \| Watford \| A \| D \| 1–1 \| Adebola 22' \| 10,096 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 17 October 1998 \| 2nd \| Crewe Alexandra \| H \| W \| 3–1 \| Ndlovu 8', O'Connor 43' pen., Furlong 53' \| 20,087 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 20 October 1998 \| 2nd \| Swindon Town \| H \| D \| 1–1 \| Marsden 58' \| 19,485 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 25 October 1998 \| 2nd \| Queens Park Rangers \| A \| W \| 1–0 \| Adebola 6' \| 10,272 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 31 October 1998 \| 1st \| Huddersfield Town \| H \| D \| 1–1 \| Ndlovu 53' \| 19,170 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 7 November 1998 \| 3rd \| West Bromwich Albion \| A \| W \| 3–1 \| Ndlovu 5', 34', Adebola 12' \| 19,472 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 14 November 1998 \| 4th \| Oxford United \| H \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 18,216 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 22 November 1998 \| 8th \| Wolverhampton Wanderers \| A \| L \| 1–3 \| Furlong 21' \| 23,037 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 28 November 1998 \| 4th \| Bristol City \| H \| W \| 4–2 \| M. Johnson 5', Ndlovu 11', Forster (2) 42', 72' \| 17,577 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 5 December 1998 \| 7th \| Ipswich Town \| A \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 15,901 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 12 December 1998 \| 4th \| Oxford United \| A \| W \| 7–1 \| Rowett (2) 16', 31', Furlong (2) 17', 43', Grainger 55', Ndlovu 72', Hughes 89' \| 7,189 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 19 December 1998 \| 7th \| Sunderland \| H \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 22,095 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 26 December 1998 \| 4th \| Sheffield United \| H \| W \| 1–0 \| Furlong 20' pen. \| 22,005 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 28 December 1998 \| 3rd \| Bury \| A \| W \| 4–2 \| Furlong (2) 32', 56', O'Connor 35', Adebola 74' \| 7,024 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 9 January 1999 \| 2nd \| Port Vale \| H \| W \| 1–0 \| Furlong 25' \| 18,632 \| [ 3 ] \| \| 16 January 1999 \| 4th \| Barnsley \| A \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 17,114 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 31 January 1999 \| 4th \| Bradford City \| H \| W \| 2–1 \| Furlong (2) 45', 90' pen. \| 19,291 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 6 February 1999 \| 5th \| Crystal Palace \| A \| D \| 1–1 \| Furlong 50' pen. \| 15,996 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 13 February 1999 \| 5th \| Stockport County \| A \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 9,056 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 21 February 1999 \| 5th \| Bolton Wanderers \| H \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 26,051 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 27 February 1999 \| 5th \| Grimsby Town \| A \| W \| 3–0 \| Ndlovu 36', Adebola 85', Rowett 90' \| 7,807 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 2 March 1999 \| 5th \| Norwich City \| H \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 20,749 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 6 March 1999 \| 4th \| Portsmouth \| H \| W \| 4–1 \| Adebola (2) 26', 60', Forster 50', Hughes 84' \| 20,617 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 9 March 1999 \| 4th \| Tranmere Rovers \| A \| W \| 1–0 \| M. Johnson 46' \| 7,184 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 13 March 1999 \| 4th \| West Bromwich Albion \| H \| W \| 4–0 \| Adebola (2) 24', 62', Ndlovu 50', Grainger 88' \| 29,060 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 20 March 1999 \| 4th \| Huddersfield Town \| A \| D \| 1–1 \| M. Johnson 47' \| 14,667 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 2 April 1999 \| 4th \| Crewe Alexandra \| A \| D \| 0–0 \| \| 5,582 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 5 April 1999 \| 4th \| Watford \| H \| L \| 1–2 \| Holdsworth 87' \| 24,877 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 10 April 1999 \| 4th \| Swindon Town \| A \| W \| 1–0 \| Rowett 83' \| 8,896 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 17 April 1999 \| 4th \| Wolverhampton Wanderers \| H \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 28,143 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 20 April 1999 \| 4th \| Queens Park Rangers \| H \| W \| 1–0 \| Forinton 85' \| 20,888 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 24 April 1999 \| 4th \| Bristol City \| A \| W \| 2–1 \| Grainger 48' pen., Ndlovu 70' \| 15,845 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 2 May 1999 \| 4th \| Ipswich Town \| H \| W \| 1–0 \| Furlong 60' \| 27,685 \| [ 2 ] \| \| 9 May 1999 \| 4th \| Sunderland \| A \| L \| 1–2 \| Grainger 38' \| 41,634 \| [ 2 ] \| ### League table (part) \| Pos \| Club \| Pld \| W \| D \| L \| F \| A \| GD \| Pts \| \| ------ \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| 2nd \| Bradford City \| 46 \| 26 \| 9 \| 11 \| 82 \| 47 \| +35 \| 87 \| \| 3rd \| Ipswich Town \| 46 \| 26 \| 8 \| 12 \| 69 \| 32 \| +37 \| 86 \| \| 4th \| Birmingham City \| 46 \| 23 \| 12 \| 11 \| 66 \| 37 \| +29 \| 81 \| \| 5th \| Watford \| 46 \| 21 \| 14 \| 11 \| 65 \| 56 \| +9 \| 77 \| \| 6th \| Bolton Wanderers \| 46 \| 20 \| 16 \| 10 \| 78 \| 59 \| +19 \| 76 \| \| Key \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points \| \| Source \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| [ 4 ] \| ### Results summary \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Overall \| Home \| Home \| Home \| Home \| Home \| Home \| Away \| Away \| Away \| Away \| Away \| Away \| \| Pld \| W \| D \| L \| GF \| GA \| GD \| Pts \| W \| D \| L \| GF \| GA \| GD \| W \| D \| L \| GF \| GA \| GD \| \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ------- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| ---- \| \| 46 \| 23 \| 12 \| 11 \| 66 \| 37 \| +29 \| 81 \| 12 \| 7 \| 4 \| 32 \| 15 \| +17 \| 11 \| 5 \| 7 \| 34 \| 22 \| +12 \| Source: ### Play-offs \| Round \| Date \| Opponents \| Venue \| Result \| Score F–A \| Scorers \| Attendance \| Report \| \| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ----------- \| --------- \| ----- \| ------ \| ------------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| ------ \| \| Semifinal 1st leg \| 16 May 1999 \| Watford \| A \| L \| 0–1 \| \| 18,535 \| [ 2 ] \| \| Semifinal 2nd leg \| 20 May 1999 \| Watford \| H \| W \| 1–0 1–1 agg. \| Adebola 2' \| 29,100 \| [ 2 ] \| \| Watford won 7–6 on penalties. Birmingham scorers: Grainger, Rowett, Bradbury, Hughes, Purse, Poole. \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| ## FA Cup \| Round \| Date \| Opponents \| Venue \| Result \| Score F–A \| Scorers \| Attendance \| Report \| \| ----------- \| -------------- \| -------------- \| ----- \| ------ \| --------- \| ------------------------- \| ---------- \| ------ \| \| Third round \| 2 January 1999 \| Leicester City \| A \| L \| 2–4 \| Robinson 35', Adebola 89' \| 19,846 \| [ 2 ] \| ## League Cup \| Round \| Date \| Opponents \| Venue \| Result \| Score F–A \| Scorers \| Attendance \| Report \| \| -------------------- \| ----------------- \| ----------------- \| ----- \| ------ \| ------------ \| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ---------- \| ------ \| \| First round 1st leg \| 11 August 1998 \| Millwall \| H \| W \| 2–0 \| Adebola 70', M. Johnson 87' \| 14,133 \| [ 2 ] \| \| First round 2nd leg \| 19 August 1998 \| Millwall \| A \| D \| 1–1 3–1 agg. \| Adebola 45' \| 4,478 \| [ 2 ] \| \| Second round 1st leg \| 15 September 1998 \| Macclesfield Town \| A \| W \| 3–0 \| Forster 66', Marsden 70', Rowett 89' \| 2,275 \| \| \| Second round 2nd leg \| 22 September 1998 \| Macclesfield Town \| H \| W \| 6–0 9–0 agg. \| Ndlovu (2) 7', 19', Askey 37' o.g., Marsden 57', Rowett 66', M. Johnson 89' \| 3,443 \| [ 2 ] \| \| Third round \| 28 October 1998 \| Wimbledon \| H \| L \| 1–2 \| Marsden 34' \| 11,845 \| [ 2 ] \| ## Transfers ### In \| Date \| Player \| Club \| Fee \| Ref \| \| ---------------- \| ---------------- \| ------------------- \| -------- \| ----- \| \| 13 August 1998 \| Gary Rowett \| Derby County \| £1m \| \| \| 10 December 1998 \| Simon Marsh \| Oxford United \| £250,000 \| \| \| 4 February 1999 \| Graham Hyde \| Sheffield Wednesday \| Free \| [ 5 ] \| \| 23 March 1999 \| David Holdsworth \| Sheffield United \| £1.25m \| \| ### Out \| Date \| Player \| Fee \| Joined \| Ref \| \| --------------- \| ------------- \| ----------- \| ---------------- \| ----- \| \| 2 July 1998 \| Steve Bruce \| c. £200,000 \| Sheffield United \| [ 6 ] \| \| 23 October 1998 \| Steve Barnes \| Free \| Barnet \| \| \| 13 January 1999 \| Paul Tait \| Free \| Oxford United \| [ 7 ] \| \| 1 February 1999 \| Chris Marsden \| £800,000 \| Southampton \| \| \| 22 June 1999 \| Nicky Forster \| £650,000 \| Reading \| [ 8 ] \| ### Loan in \| Date \| Player \| Club \| Return \| Ref \| \| ---------------- \| ------------ \| -------------- \| --------------- \| ------ \| \| 19 December 1998 \| Fumaça \| Catuense \| 27 January 1999 \| [ 9 ] \| \| 25 March 1999 \| Lee Bradbury \| Crystal Palace \| End of season \| [ 10 ] \| ## Appearances and goals Numbers in parentheses denote appearances made as a substitute. Players with name in italics and marked * were on loan from another club for the whole of their season with Birmingham. Players marked † left the club during the playing season. Players listed with no appearances have been in the matchday squad but only as unused substitutes. Key to positions: GK – Goalkeeper; DF – Defender; MF – Midfielder; FW – Forward \| Pos. \| Nat. \| Name \| League \| League \| FA Cup \| FA Cup \| League Cup \| League Cup \| Play-offs \| Play-offs \| Total \| Total \| Discipline \| Discipline \| \| Pos. \| Nat. \| Name \| Apps \| Goals \| Apps \| Goals \| Apps \| Goals \| Apps \| Goals \| Apps \| Goals \| A yellow rectangle, denoting the yellow penalty card shown to a player being cautioned \| A red rectangle, denoting the red penalty card shown to a player being sent off \| \| ---- \| ---- \| ---------------- \| ------- \| ------ \| ------ \| ------ \| ---------- \| ---------- \| --------- \| --------- \| ------- \| ----- \| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| GK \| ENG \| Ian Bennett \| 10 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 4 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 14 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| GK \| ENG \| Kevin Poole \| 36 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 40 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Gary Ablett \| 23 (3) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 4 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 28 (3) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Jon Bass \| 9 (2) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 9 (2) \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Simon Charlton \| 27 (1) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 3 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 30 (1) \| 0 \| 4 \| 1 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Jerry Gill \| 3 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 4 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Martin Grainger \| 30 (10) \| 4 \| 0 (1) \| 0 \| 2 (1) \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 34 (12) \| 4 \| 11 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| David Holdsworth \| 8 (1) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 10 (1) \| 0 \| 4 \| 1 \| \| DF \| JAM \| Michael Johnson \| 43 (3) \| 4 \| 1 \| 0 \| 4 \| 2 \| 2 \| 0 \| 50 (3) \| 6 \| 6 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Simon Marsh \| 6 (1) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 7 (1) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Darren Purse \| 11 (9) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 2 (1) \| 0 \| 0 (1) \| 0 \| 13 (11) \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Simon Rea \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Gary Rowett \| 42 \| 5 \| 1 \| 0 \| 4 \| 2 \| 2 \| 0 \| 49 \| 7 \| 5 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Darren Wassall \| 0 (3) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 (3) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| MF \| GER \| Tony Hey \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| MF \| ENG \| Chris Holland \| 7 (6) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 (4) \| 0 \| 1 (1) \| 0 \| 9 (11) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| MF \| ENG \| Bryan Hughes \| 20 (8) \| 3 \| 0 (1) \| 0 \| 1 (1) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 22 (10) \| 3 \| 2 \| 0 \| \| DF \| ENG \| Graham Hyde \| 13 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 13 \| 0 \| 4 \| 1 \| \| MF \| ENG \| Chris Marsden † \| 20 \| 2 \| 0 \| 0 \| 5 \| 3 \| 0 \| 0 \| 25 \| 5 \| 4 \| 0 \| \| MF \| NIR \| Jon McCarthy \| 35 (8) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 5 \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 43 (8) \| 0 \| 6 \| 0 \| \| MF \| CAY \| Martyn O'Connor \| 35 (2) \| 4 \| 1 \| 0 \| 4 \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 42 (2) \| 4 \| 7 \| 0 \| \| MF \| ENG \| Steve Robinson \| 20 (11) \| 0 \| 1 \| 1 \| 2 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 24 (11) \| 1 \| 1 \| 0 \| \| FW \| NGA \| Dele Adebola \| 33 (6) \| 13 \| 1 \| 1 \| 4 \| 2 \| 1 (1) \| 1 \| 39 (7) \| 17 \| 3 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ENG \| Lee Bradbury * \| 6 (1) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 (1) \| 0 \| 7 (2) \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ENG \| Howard Forinton \| 0 (3) \| 1 \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 (1) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 (4) \| 1 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ENG \| Nicky Forster \| 8 (24) \| 5 \| 0 (1) \| 0 \| 2 (2) \| 1 \| 0 \| 0 \| 10 (27) \| 6 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ENG \| Paul Furlong \| 24 (5) \| 13 \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| 28 (5) \| 13 \| 4 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ENG \| Andrew Johnson \| 0 (3) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 (2) \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 (5) \| 0 \| 2 \| 0 \| \| FW \| ZIM \| Peter Ndlovu \| 37 (6) \| 11 \| 1 \| 0 \| 4 \| 2 \| 1 (1) \| 0 \| 43 (7) \| 13 \| 3 \| 1 \| \| Pos. \| Nat. \| Name \| \| ---- \| ---- \| -------------- \| \| MF \| ENG \| Steve Barnes † \| \| MF \| ENG \| Paul Tait † \| \| MF \| BRA \| Fumaça * \|	enwiki/33338404	enwiki	33,338,404	1998–99 Birmingham City F.C. season	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%E2%80%9399_Birmingham_City_F.C._season	2025-06-08T17:48:11Z	en	Q4594231	247,658	{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2014}} {{Use British English\|date=December 2014}} {{Infobox football club season \| club = Birmingham City F.C. \| season = 1998–99 \| manager = [[Trevor Francis]] \| chairman = [[David Gold (businessman)\|David Gold]] \| stdtitle = Ground \| stadium = [[St Andrew's (stadium)\|St Andrew's]] \| league = [[1998–99 Football League\|Division One]] \| league result = 4th \| cup1 = [[Football League Championship play-offs#1999\|Play-offs]] \| cup1 result = Semi-final (eliminated by [[Watford F.C.\|Watford]]) \| cup2 = [[1998–99 FA Cup\|FA Cup]] \| cup2 result = Third round (eliminated by [[Leicester City F.C.\|Leicester City]]) \| cup3 = [[1998–99 Football League Cup\|League Cup]] \| cup3 result = Third round (eliminated by [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]]) \| league topscorer = [[Dele Adebola]], [[Paul Furlong]] (13) \| season topscorer = Dele Adebola (17) \| highest attendance = 29,100 vs Watford, play-off semi-final, 20 May 1999 \| lowest attendance = 3,443 vs [[Macclesfield Town F.C.\|Macclesfield Town]], League Cup 2nd round, 22 September 1998 \| average attendance = 20,794<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.european-football-statistics.co.uk/attnclub/birc.htm \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719102809/http://www.european-football-statistics.co.uk/attnclub/birc.htm \|title=English historical attendance and performance: Birmingham City \|publisher=European Football Statistics \|archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref> \| pattern_la1=_whiteborder\|pattern_b1=_collarwhite\|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder\|pattern_sh1=_bluesides\|pattern_so1=_whitetop\|leftarm1=0000ff\|body1=0000ff\|rightarm1=0000ff\|shorts1=\|socks1=0000ff\| \| prevseason = [[1997–98 Birmingham City F.C. season\|1997–98]] \| nextseason = [[1999–2000 Birmingham City F.C. season\|1999–2000]] }} The [[1998–99 Football League\|1998–99 season]] was [[Birmingham City Football Club]]'s 96th in [[the Football League]]. They finished in fourth place in the [[Football League First Division]], qualifying for the [[Football League Championship play-offs#1999\|promotion play-offs]], in which they were eliminated in the semi-final by [[Watford F.C.\|Watford]] in a [[penalty shootout (association football)\|penalty shootout]]. Birmingham lost to [[Leicester City F.C.\|Leicester City]] in the third round of the [[FA Cup]] and to [[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]] in the third round of the [[Football League Cup]]. ==Football League First Division== {{main\|1998–99 Football League}} ===Match details=== {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|- !scope="col"\|Date!!scope="col"\|League<br>position!!scope="col"\|Opponents !scope="col"\|Venue!!scope="col"\|Result!!scope="col"\|Score<br>F–A!!scope="col"\|Scorers !scope="col"\|Attendance!!scope="col"\|Report \|- !scope="row"\|8 August 1998 \|1st\|\|align="left"\|[[Port Vale F.C.\|Port Vale]]\|\|[[Vale Park\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–0\|\|align="left"\|[[Paul Furlong\|Furlong]] 21', [[Dele Adebola\|Adebola]] 68' \|10,465 \|<ref name=Reports>{{cite news \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522233822/http://www.sportinglife.com/football/cc_championship/birmingham/reports/birmingham_1998.html \|url=http://www.sportinglife.com/football/cc_championship/birmingham/reports/birmingham_1998.html \|title=Birmingham City Reports – 1998–1999 \|website=sportinglife.com \|publisher=365 Media Group \|archive-date=22 May 2012}} Individual match reports are linked from this page.</ref> \|- !scope="row"\|16 August 1998 \|1st\|\|align="left"\|[[Crystal Palace F.C.\|Crystal Palace]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|3–1\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 12', [[Martin O'Connor (footballer)\|O'Connor]] 29' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]], [[Nicky Forster\|Forster]] 90' \|16,699 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|22 August 1998 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Sheffield United F.C.\|Sheffield United]]\|\|[[Bramall Lane\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–0\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 55', Forster 81' \|17,528 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|29 August 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Barnsley F.C.\|Barnsley]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|19,825 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|31 August 1998 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Bradford City A.F.C.\|Bradford City]]\|\|[[Valley Parade\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–2\|\|align="left"\|[[Peter Ndlovu\|Ndlovu]] 56' \|13,910 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|8 September 1998 \|3rd\|\|align="left"\|[[Bury F.C.\|Bury]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 20' \|15,935 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|5 September 1998 \|1st\|\|align="left"\|[[Stockport County F.C.\|Stockport County]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–0\|\|align="left"\|[[Chris Marsden\|Marsden]] 15', [[Bryan Hughes\|Hughes]] 67' \|16,429 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|12 September 1998 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.\|Bolton Wanderers]]\|\|[[Reebok Stadium\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–3\|\|align="left"\|[[Gary Rowett\|Rowett]] 40' \|19,637 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|19 September 1998 \|3rd\|\|align="left"\|[[Grimsby Town F.C.\|Grimsby Town]]\|\|H \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|17,563 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|26 September 1998 \|7th\|\|align="left"\|[[Norwich City F.C.\|Norwich City]]\|\|A \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–2\|\| \|16,584 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|29 September 1998 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Portsmouth F.C.\|Portsmouth]]\|\|[[Fratton Park\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|O'Connor 59 [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]] \|11,843 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|3 October 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Tranmere Rovers F.C.\|Tranmere Rovers]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|2–2\|\|align="left"\|[[Michael Johnson (footballer born 1973)\|M. Johnson]] 40', Ndlovu 72' \|17,189 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|10 October 1998 \|3rd\|\|align="left"\|[[Watford F.C.\|Watford]]\|\|[[Vicarage Road\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 22' \|10,096 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|17 October 1998 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Crewe Alexandra F.C.\|Crewe Alexandra]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|3–1\|\|align="left"\|Ndlovu 8', O'Connor 43' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]], Furlong 53' \|20,087 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|20 October 1998 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Swindon Town F.C.\|Swindon Town]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1\|\|align="left"\|Marsden 58' \|19,485 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|25 October 1998 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Queens Park Rangers F.C.\|Queens Park Rangers]]\|\|[[Loftus Road\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 6' \|10,272 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|31 October 1998 \|1st\|\|align="left"\|[[Huddersfield Town F.C.\|Huddersfield Town]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1\|\|align="left"\|Ndlovu 53' \|19,170 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|7 November 1998 \|3rd\|\|align="left"\|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.\|West Bromwich Albion]]\|\|[[The Hawthorns\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|3–1\|\|align="left"\|Ndlovu 5', 34', Adebola 12' \|19,472 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|14 November 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Oxford United F.C.\|Oxford United]]\|\|H \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|18,216 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|22 November 1998 \|8th\|\|align="left"\|[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.\|Wolverhampton Wanderers]]\|\|[[Molineux Stadium\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–3\|\|align="left"\|Furlong 21' \|23,037 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|28 November 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Bristol City F.C.\|Bristol City]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|4–2\|\|align="left"\|M. Johnson 5', Ndlovu 11', Forster (2) 42', 72' \|17,577 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|5 December 1998 \|7th\|\|align="left"\|[[Ipswich Town F.C.\|Ipswich Town]]\|\|[[Portman Road\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|15,901 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|12 December 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Oxford United F.C.\|Oxford United]]\|\|[[Manor Ground, Oxford\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|7–1\|\|align="left"\|Rowett (2) 16', 31', Furlong (2) 17', 43', [[Martin Grainger\|Grainger]] 55', Ndlovu 72', Hughes 89' \|7,189 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|19 December 1998 \|7th\|\|align="left"\|[[Sunderland A.F.C.\|Sunderland]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|22,095 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|26 December 1998 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Sheffield United F.C.\|Sheffield United]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Furlong 20' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]] \|22,005 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|28 December 1998 \|3rd\|\|align="left"\|[[Bury F.C.\|Bury]]\|\|[[Gigg Lane\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|4–2\|\|align="left"\|Furlong (2) 32', 56', O'Connor 35', Adebola 74' \|7,024 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|9 January 1999 \|2nd\|\|align="left"\|[[Port Vale F.C.\|Port Vale]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Furlong 25' \|18,632 \|<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:BEM1&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=138E640E998BF290&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815 \|title=Blues do it hard way – again \|newspaper=Evening Mail \|location=Birmingham \|date=11 January 1999 \|access-date=19 June 2013}}</ref> \|- !scope="row"\|16 January 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Barnsley F.C.\|Barnsley]]\|\|[[Oakwell\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|17,114 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|31 January 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Bradford City A.F.C.\|Bradford City]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–1\|\|align="left"\|Furlong (2) 45', 90' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]] \|19,291 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|6 February 1999 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Crystal Palace F.C.\|Crystal Palace]]\|\|[[Selhurst Park\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1\|\|align="left"\|Furlong 50' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]] \|15,996 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|13 February 1999 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Stockport County F.C.\|Stockport County]]\|\|[[Edgeley Park\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|9,056 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|21 February 1999 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.\|Bolton Wanderers]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|26,051 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|27 February 1999 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Grimsby Town F.C.\|Grimsby Town]]\|\|[[Blundell Park\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|3–0\|\|align="left"\|Ndlovu 36', Adebola 85', Rowett 90' \|7,807 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|2 March 1999 \|5th\|\|align="left"\|[[Norwich City F.C.\|Norwich City]]\|\|H \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|20,749 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|6 March 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Portsmouth F.C.\|Portsmouth]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|4–1\|\|align="left"\|Adebola (2) 26', 60', Forster 50', Hughes 84' \|20,617 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|9 March 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Tranmere Rovers F.C.\|Tranmere Rovers]]\|\|[[Prenton Park\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|M. Johnson 46' \|7,184 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|13 March 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.\|West Bromwich Albion]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|4–0\|\|align="left"\|Adebola (2) 24', 62', Ndlovu 50', Grainger 88' \|29,060 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|20 March 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Huddersfield Town F.C.\|Huddersfield Town]]\|\|[[McAlpine Stadium\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1\|\|align="left"\|M. Johnson 47' \|14,667 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|2 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Crewe Alexandra F.C.\|Crewe Alexandra]]\|\|[[Gresty Road\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|0–0\|\| \|5,582 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|5 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Watford F.C.\|Watford]]\|\|H \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–2\|\|align="left"\|[[David Holdsworth\|Holdsworth]] 87' \|24,877 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|10 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Swindon Town F.C.\|Swindon Town]]\|\|[[County Ground, Swindon\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Rowett 83' \|8,896 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|17 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.\|Wolverhampton Wanderers]]\|\|H \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|28,143 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|20 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Queens Park Rangers F.C.\|Queens Park Rangers]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|[[Howard Forinton\|Forinton]] 85' \|20,888 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|24 April 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Bristol City F.C.\|Bristol City]]\|\|[[Ashton Gate Stadium\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–1\|\|align="left"\|Grainger 48' [[Penalty kick (association football)\|pen.]], Ndlovu 70' \|15,845 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|2 May 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Ipswich Town F.C.\|Ipswich Town]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0\|\|align="left"\|Furlong 60' \|27,685 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|9 May 1999 \|4th\|\|align="left"\|[[Sunderland A.F.C.\|Sunderland]]\|\|[[Stadium of Light\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–2\|\|align="left"\|Grainger 38' \|41,634 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|} ===League table (part)=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" \|+Final Division One table (part) !scope="col"\|Pos !scope="col"\|Club !scope="col"\|Pld !scope="col"\|W !scope="col"\|D !scope="col"\|L !scope="col"\|F !scope="col"\|A !scope="col"\|GD !scope="col"\|Pts \|- !scope="row"\|2nd \|align="left"\|[[Bradford City A.F.C.\|Bradford City]]\|\|46\|\|26\|\|9\|\|11\|\|82\|\|47\|\|+35\|\|87 \|- !scope="row"\|3rd \|align="left"\|[[Ipswich Town F.C.\|Ipswich Town]]\|\|46\|\|26\|\|8\|\|12\|\|69\|\|32\|\|+37\|\|86 \|- style="font-weight:bold" !scope="row"\|4th \|align="left"\|[[Birmingham City F.C.\|Birmingham City]]\|\|46\|\|23\|\|12\|\|11\|\|66\|\|37\|\|+29\|\|81 \|- !scope="row"\|5th \|align="left"\|[[Watford F.C.\|Watford]]\|\|46\|\|21\|\|14\|\|11\|\|65\|\|56\|\|+9\|\|77 \|- !scope="row"\|6th \|align="left"\|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.\|Bolton Wanderers]]\|\|46\|\|20\|\|16\|\|10\|\|78\|\|59\|\|+19\|\|76 \|- !scope="row"\|Key \|colspan="9"\|'''Pos''' = League position; '''Pld''' = Matches played;<br>'''W''' = Matches won; '''D''' = Matches drawn; '''L''' = Matches lost;<br>'''F''' = Goals for; '''A''' = Goals against; '''GD''' = [[Goal difference]]; '''Pts''' = Points \|- !scope="row"\|Source \|colspan="9"\|<ref name=FinalTable>{{cite web \|url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/birmingham-city/1998-1999/table \|title=Birmingham City 1998–1999 : English Division One Table \|publisher=Statto Organisation \|access-date=4 October 2011}}</ref> \|} ===Results summary=== {{Fb_rs \|hw=12 \|hd=7 \|hl=4 \|hgf=32 \|hga=15 \|aw=11 \|ad=5 \|al=7 \|agf=34 \|aga=22 }} {{Fb rs footer\|s=<ref name=FinalTable/>\|date=March 2012}} ===Play-offs=== {{main\|Football League Championship play-offs#1999}} {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|- !scope="col"\|Round !scope="col"\|Date!!scope="col"\|Opponents!!scope="col"\|Venue !scope="col"\|Result!!scope="col"\|Score<br>F–A!!scope="col"\|Scorers !scope="col"\|Attendance!!scope="col"\|Report \|- !scope="row"\|Semifinal 1st leg \|align="left"\|16 May 1999\|\|align="left"\|[[Watford F.C.\|Watford]]\|\|[[Vicarage Road\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|0–1\|\| \|18,535 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|Semifinal 2nd leg \|align="left"\|20 May 1999\|\|align="left"\|Watford\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|1–0<br />1–1 [[aggregate score\|agg.]]\|\|align="left"\|[[Dele Adebola\|Adebola]] 2' \|29,100 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- \|colspan=8\|Watford won 7–6 on [[penalty shootout\|penalties]]. Birmingham scorers: Grainger, Rowett, Bradbury, Hughes, Purse, Poole. \|} ==FA Cup== {{Main\|1998–99 FA Cup}} {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|- !scope="col"\|Round !scope="col"\|Date!!scope="col"\|Opponents!!scope="col"\|Venue !scope="col"\|Result!!scope="col"\|Score<br>F–A!!scope="col"\|Scorers !scope="col"\|Attendance!!scope="col"\|Report \|- !scope="row"\|Third round \|align="left"\|2 January 1999\|\|align="left"\|[[Leicester City F.C.\|Leicester City]]\|\|[[Filbert Street\|A]] \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|2–4\|\|align="left"\|[[Steve Robinson (English footballer)\|Robinson]] 35', [[Dele Adebola\|Adebola]] 89' \|19,846 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|} ==League Cup== {{Main\|1998–99 Football League Cup}} {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" \|- !scope="col"\|Round !scope="col"\|Date!!scope="col"\|Opponents!!scope="col"\|Venue !scope="col"\|Result!!scope="col"\|Score<br>F–A!!scope="col"\|Scorers !scope="col"\|Attendance!!scope="col"\|Report \|- !scope="row"\|First round 1st leg \|align="left"\|11 August 1998\|\|align="left"\|[[Millwall F.C.\|Millwall]]\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|2–0\|\|align="left"\|[[Dele Adebola\|Adebola]] 70', [[Michael Johnson (footballer born 1973)\|M. Johnson]] 87' \|14,133 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|First round 2nd leg \|align="left"\|19 August 1998\|\|align="left"\|Millwall\|\|[[The Den\|A]] \|style="background:#ffc"\|D\|\|1–1<br />3–1 [[aggregate score\|agg.]]\|\|align="left"\|Adebola 45' \|4,478 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|Second round 1st leg \|align="left"\|15 September 1998\|\|align="left"\|[[Macclesfield Town F.C.\|Macclesfield Town]]\|\|[[Moss Rose\|A]] \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|3–0\|\|align="left"\|[[Nicky Forster\|Forster]] 66', [[Chris Marsden\|Marsden]] 70', [[Gary Rowett\|Rowett]] 89' \|2,275 \| \|- !scope="row"\|Second round 2nd leg \|align="left"\|22 September 1998\|\|align="left"\|Macclesfield Town\|\|H \|style="background:#cfc"\|W\|\|6–0<br />9–0 [[aggregate score\|agg.]]\|\|align="left"\|[[Peter Ndlovu\|Ndlovu]] (2) 7', 19', [[John Askey\|Askey]] 37' [[own goal\|o.g.]], Marsden 57', Rowett 66', M. Johnson 89' \|3,443 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|- !scope="row"\|Third round \|align="left"\|28 October 1998\|\|align="left"\|[[Wimbledon F.C.\|Wimbledon]]\|\|H \|style="background:#fcc"\|L\|\|1–2\|\|align="left"\|Marsden 34' \|11,845 \|<ref name=Reports/> \|} ==Transfers== ===In=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" \|- !Date !Player !Club !Fee !Ref \|- \| 13 August 1998 \|\| [[Gary Rowett]] \|\| [[Derby County F.C.\|Derby County]] \|\| £1m \| \|- \| 10 December 1998 \|\| [[Simon Marsh]] \|\| [[Oxford United F.C.\|Oxford United]] \|\| £250,000 \| \|- \| 4 February 1999 \|\| [[Graham Hyde]] \|\| [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.\|Sheffield Wednesday]] \|\| Free \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.bcfc.com/990204c.htm \|title=Blues swoop for Owls ace \|publisher=Birmingham City F.C \|date=4 February 1999 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990504024946/http://www.bcfc.com/990204c.htm \|archive-date=4 May 1999 }}</ref> \|- \| 23 March 1999 \|\| [[David Holdsworth]] \|\| [[Sheffield United F.C.\|Sheffield United]] \|\| £1.25m \| \|} ===Out=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" \|- !Date !Player !Fee !Joined !Ref \|- \| 2 July 1998 \|\| [[Steve Bruce]] \|\| {{circa\|£200,000}} \|\| [[Sheffield United F.C.\|Sheffield United]] \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:BEM1&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=138E60B0612EE368&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815 \|title=Gold – we tried to keep Bruce \|newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail \|author=Tattum, Colin \|date=2 July 1998 \|access-date=13 June 2013}}</ref> \|- \| 23 October 1998 \|\| [[Steve Barnes (footballer)\|Steve Barnes]] \|\| Free \|\| [[Barnet F.C.\|Barnet]] \| \|- \| 13 January 1999 \|\| [[Paul Tait (footballer born 1971)\|Paul Tait]] \|\| Free \|\| [[Oxford United F.C.\|Oxford United]] \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60552236 \|title=One-time golden boy Tait closes Blues era \|newspaper=Birmingham Post \|date=14 January 1999 \|access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> \|- \| 1 February 1999 \|\| [[Chris Marsden]] \|\| £800,000 \|\| [[Southampton F.C.\|Southampton]] \| \|- \| 22 June 1999 \|\| [[Nicky Forster]] \|\| £650,000 \|\| [[Reading F.C.\|Reading]] \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60323250.html \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054707/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60323250.html \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=4 March 2016 \|title=Forster joins Reading in £650,000 move \|newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail \|date=23 June 1999 \|access-date=4 October 2011}} {{subscription required}}</ref> \|} ===Loan in=== {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" \|- !Date !Player !Club !Return !Ref \|- \| 19 December 1998 \|\| [[Fumaça (footballer born 1976)\|Fumaça]] \|\| [[Catuense Futebol\|Catuense]] \|\| 27 January 1999 \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-61443683 \|title=Blues sign Brazil star \|newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail \|date=19 December 1998 \|access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}<br />{{cite news \|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60349799 \|title=Blues drop Brazilian \|newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail \|date=27 January 1999 \|access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> \|- \| 25 March 1999 \|\| [[Lee Bradbury]] \|\| [[Crystal Palace F.C.\|Crystal Palace]] \|\| End of season \| style="text-align: center"\|<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60545172 \|title=Loan star Bradbury signs up for promotion push \|author=Milledge, Adrian \|newspaper=Birmingham Post \|date=26 March 1999 \|access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> \|} ==Appearances and goals== :Numbers in parentheses denote appearances made as a [[substitute (association football)\|substitute]]. :Players with name ''in italics'' and marked * were on loan from another club for the whole of their season with Birmingham. :Players marked {{dagger}} left the club during the playing season. :Players listed with no appearances have been in the matchday squad but only as unused substitutes. :Key to positions: GK – [[Goalkeeper (association football)\|Goalkeeper]]; DF – [[Defender (association football)\|Defender]]; MF – [[Midfielder]]; FW – [[Forward (association football)\|Forward]] {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" \|+ Players' appearances and goals by competition \|- !rowspan="2" scope="col"\|{{abbr\|Pos.\|Playing position}} !rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:5em;"\|{{abbr\|Nat.\|Nationality}} !rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:15em;"\|Name !colspan="2"\|[[1998–99 Football League\|League]] !colspan="2"\|[[1998–99 FA Cup\|FA Cup]] !colspan="2"\|[[1998–99 Football League Cup\|League Cup]] !colspan="2"\|[[Football League Championship play-offs#1999\|Play-offs]] !colspan="2"\|Total !colspan="2"\|Discipline \|- !scope="col" style="width:4em;"\|{{abbr\|Apps\|Appearances}}!!scope="col"\|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"\|{{abbr\|Apps\|Appearances}}!!scope="col"\|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"\|{{abbr\|Apps\|Appearances}}!!scope="col"\|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"\|{{abbr\|Apps\|Appearances}}!!scope="col"\|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"\|{{abbr\|Apps\|Appearances}}!!scope="col"\|Goals !scope="col"\|[[File:Yellow card.svg\|13px\|Booked\|alt=A yellow rectangle, denoting the yellow penalty card shown to a player being cautioned]] !scope="col"\|[[File:Red card.svg\|13px\|Sent off\|alt=A red rectangle, denoting the red penalty card shown to a player being sent off]] \|- \|GK\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Ian Bennett (footballer)\|Ian Bennett]] \|10\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|4\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|14\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|GK\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Kevin Poole]] \|36\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|40\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Gary Ablett (English footballer)\|Gary Ablett]] \|23 (3)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|4\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|28 (3)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Jon Bass (footballer)\|Jon Bass]] \|9 (2)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|9 (2)\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Simon Charlton]] \|27 (1)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|3\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|30 (1)\|\|0\|\|4\|\|1 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Jerry Gill]] \|3\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|4\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Martin Grainger]] \|30 (10)\|\|4\|\|0 (1)\|\|0\|\|2 (1)\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|34 (12)\|\|4\|\|11\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[David Holdsworth]] \|8 (1)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|10 (1)\|\|0\|\|4\|\|1 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|JAM}} !scope="row"\|[[Michael Johnson (footballer, born 1973)\|Michael Johnson]] \|43 (3)\|\|4\|\|1\|\|0\|\|4\|\|2\|\|2\|\|0\|\|50 (3)\|\|6\|\|6\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Simon Marsh]] \|6 (1)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|7 (1)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Darren Purse]] \|11 (9)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|2 (1)\|\|0\|\|0 (1)\|\|0\|\|13 (11)\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Simon Rea (footballer)\|Simon Rea]] \|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Gary Rowett]] \|42\|\|5\|\|1\|\|0\|\|4\|\|2\|\|2\|\|0\|\|49\|\|7\|\|5\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Darren Wassall]] \|0 (3)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 (3)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|GER}} !scope="row"\|[[Antoine Hey\|Tony Hey]] \|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Chris Holland]] \|7 (6)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|1 (4)\|\|0\|\|1 (1)\|\|0\|\|9 (11)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Bryan Hughes]] \|20 (8)\|\|3\|\|0 (1)\|\|0\|\|1 (1)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|22 (10)\|\|3\|\|2\|\|0 \|- \|DF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Graham Hyde]] \|13\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|13\|\|0\|\|4\|\|1 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\| [[Chris Marsden]] {{dagger}} \|20\|\|2\|\|0\|\|0\|\|5\|\|3\|\|0\|\|0\|\|25\|\|5\|\|4\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|NIR}} !scope="row"\|[[Jon McCarthy]] \|35 (8)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|5\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|43 (8)\|\|0\|\|6\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|CAY}} !scope="row"\|[[Martyn O'Connor]] \|35 (2)\|\|4\|\|1\|\|0\|\|4\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|42 (2)\|\|4\|\|7\|\|0 \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Steve Robinson (English footballer)\|Steve Robinson]] \|20 (11)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|1\|\|2\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|24 (11)\|\|1\|\|1\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|NGA}} !scope="row"\|[[Dele Adebola]] \|33 (6)\|\|13\|\|1\|\|1\|\|4\|\|2\|\|1 (1)\|\|1\|\|39 (7)\|\|17\|\|3\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|''[[Lee Bradbury]]'' * \|6 (1)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|1 (1)\|\|0\|\|7 (2)\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Howard Forinton]] \|0 (3)\|\|1\|\|0\|\|0\|\|1 (1)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|1 (4)\|\|1\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Nicky Forster]] \|8 (24)\|\|5\|\|0 (1)\|\|0\|\|2 (2)\|\|1\|\|0\|\|0\|\|10 (27)\|\|6\|\|0\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Paul Furlong]] \|24 (5)\|\|13\|\|1\|\|0\|\|1\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0\|\|28 (5)\|\|13\|\|4\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Andrew Johnson (English footballer)\|Andrew Johnson]] \|0 (3)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 (2)\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0\|\|0 (5)\|\|0\|\|2\|\|0 \|- \|FW\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ZIM}} !scope="row"\|[[Peter Ndlovu]] \|37 (6)\|\|11\|\|1\|\|0\|\|4\|\|2\|\|1 (1)\|\|0\|\|43 (7)\|\|13\|\|3\|\|1 \|} {\| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" \|+ Players not included in matchday squads \|- !scope="col"\|{{abbr\|Pos.\|Playing position}} !scope="col" style="width:5em;"\|{{abbr\|Nat.\|Nationality}} !scope="col" style="width:15em;"\|Name \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Steve Barnes (footballer)\|Steve Barnes]] {{dagger}} \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|ENG}} !scope="row"\|[[Paul Tait (footballer born 1971)\|Paul Tait]] {{dagger}} \|- \|MF\|\|align="left"\|{{Flag\|BRA}} !scope="row"\|''[[Fumaça (footballer born 1976)\|Fumaça]]'' * \|} ==See also== * [[List of Birmingham City F.C. seasons]] ==References== '''General''' * {{cite book \|last=Matthews \|first=Tony \|title=Birmingham City: A Complete Record \|year=1995 \|publisher=Breedon Books \|location=Derby \|isbn=978-1-85983-010-9}} * {{cite book \|last=Matthews \|first=Tony \|title=Birmingham City: The Complete Record \|year=2010 \|publisher=DB Publishing \|location=Derby \|isbn=978-1-85983-853-2}} * Source for match dates, league positions and results: {{cite web \|url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/birmingham-city/1998-1999/results \|title=Birmingham City 1998–1999: Results \|publisher=Statto Organisation \|access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for lineups, appearances, goalscorers and attendances: Matthews (2010), ''Complete Record'', pp. 432–33. * Source for goal times: {{cite web \|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=results&season_id=128 \|title=Birmingham Results 1998/99 \|work=Soccerbase \|publisher=Centurycomm \|access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for transfers: {{cite web \|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=transfers&season_id=128 \|title=Birmingham Transfers 1998/99 \|work=Soccerbase \|publisher=Centurycomm \|access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for discipline: individual player pages linked from {{cite web \|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=stats&season_id=128 \|title=Birmingham Squad details 1998/99 \|work=Soccerbase \|publisher=Centurycomm \|access-date=13 June 2013}} '''Specific''' {{reflist\|colwidth=40em}} {{Birmingham City F.C.}} {{Birmingham City F.C. seasons}} {{1998–99 in English football}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1998-99 Birmingham City F.C. season}} [[Category:Birmingham City F.C. seasons]] [[Category:1998–99 Football League First Division by team\|Birmingham City]]	1,294,598,035	[{"title": "Birmingham City F.C.", "data": {"Chairman": "David Gold", "Manager": "Trevor Francis", "Ground": "St Andrew's", "Division One": "4th", "Play-offs": "Semi-final (eliminated by Watford)", "FA Cup": "Third round (eliminated by Leicester City)", "League Cup": "Third round (eliminated by Wimbledon)", "Top goalscorer": "League: Dele Adebola, Paul Furlong (13) \u00b7 All: Dele Adebola (17)", "Highest home attendance": "29,100 vs Watford, play-off semi-final, 20 May 1999", "Lowest home attendance": "3,443 vs Macclesfield Town, League Cup 2nd round, 22 September 1998", "Average home league attendance": "20,794"}}]	false
# La Plaine, Maine-et-Loire La Plaine (French pronunciation: [la plɛn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.	enwiki/15896525	enwiki	15,896,525	La Plaine, Maine-et-Loire	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Plaine,_Maine-et-Loire	2025-07-19T11:53:21Z	en	Q1650051	75,342	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox French commune \|name = La Plaine \|commune status = [[Communes of France\|Commune]] \|image = \|caption = \|arrondissement = Cholet \|canton = Cholet-2 \|INSEE = 49240 \|postal code = 49360 \|mayor = Sylvie Barbault<ref>{{cite web\|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires\|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503\|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises\|date=2 December 2020\|language=fr}}</ref> \|term = 2020–2026 \|intercommunality = [[Cholet Agglomération\|CA Cholet Agglomération]] \|coordinates = {{coord\|47.0689\|-0.6339\|format=dms\|display=inline,title}} \|elevation min m = 124 \|elevation max m = 213 \|area km2 = 22.24 \|population = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_total}} \|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_as_of}} \|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata\|population_footnotes}} \|demonym = Plainais, Plainaise \|website = }} '''La Plaine''' ({{IPA\|fr\|la plɛn\|-\|LL-Q150 (fra)-Hélène (Hsarrazin)-La Plaine.wav}}) is a [[Communes of France\|commune]] in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] [[Departments of France\|department]] in western [[France]]. ==See also== *[[Communes of the Maine-et-Loire department]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{commons category\|La Plaine}} {{Maine-et-Loire communes}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:La Plaine, Maine-Et-Loire}} [[Category:Communes of Maine-et-Loire\|Plaine]] {{Cholet-geo-stub}}	1,301,366,357	[{"title": "La Plaine", "data": {"Country": "France", "Region": "Pays de la Loire", "Department": "Maine-et-Loire", "Arrondissement": "Cholet", "Canton": "Cholet-2", "Intercommunality": "CA Cholet Agglom\u00e9ration"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor (2020\u20132026)": "Sylvie Barbault", "Area1": "22.24 km2 (8.59 sq mi)", "Population (2022)": "1,016", "\u2022 Density": "46/km2 (120/sq mi)", "Demonym(s)": "Plainais, Plainaise", "Time zone": "UTC+01:00 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+02:00 (CEST)", "INSEE/Postal code": "49240 /49360", "Elevation": "124\u2013213 m (407\u2013699 ft)"}}]	false
# Agence universitaire de la Francophonie The Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF; English: University Agency of the Francophonie) is a global network of French-speaking higher-education and research institutions. Founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1961, as the Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française (AUPELF), the AUF is a multilateral institution supporting co-operation and solidarity among French-speaking universities and institutions. It operates in French-speaking and non-speaking countries of Africa, the Arab world, Southeast Asia, North and South America, Polynesia, the Caribbean, Central, Eastern and Western Europe. As of 2020, the AUF has 1,007 members (public and private universities, institutes of higher education, research centers and institutions, institutional networks, and networks of university administrators) distributed throughout francophone countries on six continents. It is active in 119 countries, and represented by regional offices and information centers on campuses and in institutes. The Association receives funding from the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), and its headquarters are located at the Université de Montréal, Quebec. ## History ### Origins In 1959, Jean-Marc Léger (Canadian journalist at Le Devoir) and André Bachand (public-relations director at the University of Montreal) voiced the idea of a worldwide organisation which would create a link between French-speaking universities. On 13 September 1961 in Montreal, some 150 representatives of the French-speaking world created the foundation of what would become Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française (AUPELF), French for the "Association of Partially or Entirely French-speaking Universities." From 1972 to 1975, Robert Mallet chaired the board of directors of AUPELF. ### Expansion In 1987, during the heads of state summit in Quebec, an "exchange university" project was implemented under the name UREF (Université des Réseaux d'Expression Français, University French Expression Networks). Its purpose was to create a university network for research and education. In November 1993, AUPELF became AUPELF-UREF. In April 1998, in Beirut, AUPELF-UREF became the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie. ### Reforms To answer the Moncton action plan's request, the AUF undertook reforms in three fields in 1999: - Modification of its status - Administration - Programmes In 2005, the AUF endowed a four-year program to meet the goals and priorities of the decennial strategic agreement of the institutional French-speaking world. This agreement, adopted in 2004 by member states of the French-speaking world, sets the principles and strategies of the institutional French-speaking world and controls its activities. ## Structure The association is composed of seven bodies: - General assembly: Main body of the AUF. Every four years, the 774 members of the association gather to decide goals and strategy for the four next years. It oversees the board of directors. - Association council: Enhances solidarity among higher-education and research institutions of the association, encouraging them to pursue relevant objectives - Board of directors: The management body, comprising university and government representatives - Scientific council: Decides the methodology of AUF programs and ensures their academic quality. Its members are selected for their technical and professional skills in culture, science and technology. - President: Elected by the general assembly for a single four-year term, they head the association council and board of directors. - Rector: Elected by the board of directors for a four-year term, their primary function is to implement financial commitments by higher-education and research institutions. - University development and co-operation fund: Administered by the rector ## Activities The primary activities of the AUF are distributed among four scientific administrations, each aiming at a specific goal. These four branches are: - Language and communication: Supports French-language development through instruction in the scientific disciplines; promotes multilingualism and cultural diversity by stimulating the production, spread and teaching of scientific knowledge in French. Coordinates research projects, training and curriculum reform in linguistics, culture, literature and education. Monitors meetings and scientific conferences, emphasizing publication (particularly online publication). Significantly, more than 2,250 specialists improve understanding of the French-speaking world and the impact of cultural and linguistic diversity on societies. - Economic development: Fundraising and public relations - Scientific skill reinforcement: Acts as liaison between scientific departments and regional offices. Administers French-speaking digital campuses and institutes in four-year cycles. Evaluates relations between the association and the French-speaking scientific community in the fields of the environment, water, energy, climate, sustainable development and well-being of populations; supports research. - Education: Supports communication and information technology in higher education and research; encourages digital development and offers training in the Technologies of Information and Communication (TICE) for teachers, students and staff. ## Partnerships The Agence universitaire de la Francophonie has developed partnerships with three objectives: - To establish more universities and giving them significant developmental roles - To develop ties between the AUF, its member institutions and developmental agencies (foundations, NGOs, territorial collectivities, etc.) - To increase development in the following ways: - Place the association's knowledge at the disposal of the projects in question - Promote scientific evaluation - Use tools of university and scientific co-operation AUF numbers among its partners the European Union, UNESCO and the World Bank. It has been requested to assist in: - Project management - Technical evaluations - Information technology and communication - Developmental networks ## Publishing In 2001, the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie facilitated the creation of electronic French-language science journals. Francophone digital campuses were created to support the development of TIC (technologies of information and communication). AUF conducts workshops on the presentation and publication of scientific articles. Financial support is available for selected projects. ## AUF worldwide The AUF's education office and headquarters are in Montreal; central services and a second education office are in Paris. Regional offices have been established in Montreal, Port-au-Prince, Dakar, Yaoundé, Antananarivo, Hanoi, Beirut, Brussels and Bucharest. ## Golden anniversary 2011 marked the 50th anniversary of the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie. To mark the occasion AUF promoted the Francophonie throughout the year with events devoted to "50 years of the Agency", celebrating its role as an academic agent of the French-speaking scientific community. ## Networks ### Research - Lexicology, terminology, translation - Sociolinguistics - Erosion and hydrology - Economics - Demography - Entrepreneurship - Biotechnology - Health sciences ### Institutional - Veterinary medicine (AEEVTPLF) - Management (CIDEGEF) - Medicine (CIDMEF) - Pharmacy (CIDPHARMEF) - Law (CIFDUF) - Engineering (CITEF) - Journalism (Théophraste) - Dentistry (CIDCDF) - Information sciences (AIESI) - Science and technology (CIRUISEF) - Urbanization (APERAU)	enwiki/9804575	enwiki	9,804,575	Agence universitaire de la Francophonie	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie	2025-05-01T22:09:17Z	en	Q2826718	93,871	{{short description\|University network based in Montreal, Canada}} {{Italic title}} {{Use British English\|date=January 2013}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2021}} {{Primary sources\|date=January 2013}} {{Infobox organization \| name = Agence universitaire de la Francophonie<ref name="UIA">{{Cite web \|url=https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100054269 \|url-access= \|title=Agence universitaire de La Francophonie (AUF) \|author1=Staff writer \|year=2024 \|department=UIA Global Civil Society Database \|website=uia.org \|publisher=[[Union of International Associations]] \|agency=Yearbook of International Organizations Online \|location=Brussels, Belgium \|format= \|arxiv= \|asin= \|bibcode= \|doi= \|isbn= \|issn= \|jfm= \|jstor= \|lccn= \|mr= \|oclc= \|ol= \|osti= \|pmc= \|pmid= \|rfc= \|ssrn= \|zbl= \|id= \|access-date=24 December 2024 \|url-status= \|archive-url= \|archive-date= \|via= \|quote= \|trans-quote= }}</ref> \| logo = AGENCE UNIVERSITAIRE DE LA FRANCOPHONIE.JPG \| formation = {{start date and age\|df=yes\|1961\|09\|13}} \| predecessor = Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française \| type = Francophone university network \| headquarters = [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada \| coordinates = {{coord\|45.50175850\|-73.61996090\|region:CA-QC\|display=inline,title}} \| language = [[French language\|French]] \| budget = 37,200,000 [[Euro\|€]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web \|title=In Brief \|url=https://www.auf.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/140619_AUFENBREF.pdf \|language=French\|publisher=AUF \|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref> \| membership = 1,007 university associations<ref name="whoweare">{{cite web\|url=https://www.auf.org/a-propos/qui-nous-sommes/ \|title=Qui nous sommes \|language=French \|trans-title=Who We Are\|publisher=Agence universitaire de la Francophonie\|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref> \| membership_year = 2020 \| leader_title = Rector \| leader_name = [[Slim Khalbous]] (since 2019) \| website = {{official URL}} }} The '''''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''''' ('''AUF'''; {{langx\|en\|University Agency of the Francophonie}}) is a global network of French-speaking [[higher education\|higher-education]] and research institutions. Founded in [[Montreal\|Montreal, Quebec]], Canada in 1961, as the ''Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française'' (AUPELF),<ref name="auf.org">[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/histoire/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, History''] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716090619/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/histoire/accueil.html \|date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> the AUF is a multilateral institution supporting co-operation and solidarity among French-speaking universities and institutions. It operates in French-speaking and non-speaking countries of Africa, the [[Arab world]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[North America\|North]] and [[South America]], [[Polynesia]], the [[Caribbean]], [[Central Europe\|Central]], [[Eastern Europe\|Eastern]] and [[Western Europe]]. As of 2020, the AUF has 1,007 members<ref name="whoweare"/> (public and private universities, institutes of higher education, research centers and institutions, institutional networks, and networks of university administrators) distributed throughout francophone countries on six continents. It is active in 119 countries,<ref name="whoweare"/> and represented by regional offices and information centers on campuses and in institutes. The Association receives funding from the {{lang\|fr\|[[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]}} (OIF), and its headquarters are located at the [[Université de Montréal]], [[Quebec]]. ==History== ==={{anchor\|Beginning}}Origins=== In 1959, Jean-Marc Léger (Canadian journalist at ''[[Le Devoir]]'') and André Bachand (public-relations director at the University of Montreal) voiced the idea of a worldwide organisation which would create a link between French-speaking universities. On 13 September 1961 in Montreal, some 150 representatives of the French-speaking world created the foundation of what would become ''Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française'' (AUPELF),<ref>[http://www.refer.mg/general/histoire.htm ''Agence francophone pour l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche'']</ref> French for the "Association of Partially or Entirely French-speaking Universities." From 1972 to 1975, [[Robert Mallet (writer)\|Robert Mallet]] chaired the board of directors of AUPELF.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JCZWE7jC_0IC\|title=Du terroir à la terre: Robert Mallet, recteur, écrivain, mondialiste : etudes biographiques et entretiens avec un témoignage inédit de Guillevic\|first1=Jacques\|last1=Lardoux\|first2=Robert\|last2=Mallet\|date=2003\|publisher=Editions La Part Commune\|isbn=9782844180360\|via=Google Books}}</ref> ==={{anchor\|Expansion era}}Expansion=== In 1987, during the heads of state summit in Quebec, an "exchange university" project was implemented under the name UREF (''Université des Réseaux d'Expression Français'', University French Expression Networks). Its purpose was to create a university network for research and education. In November 1993, AUPELF became ''AUPELF-UREF''. In April 1998, in Beirut, AUPELF-UREF became the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''.<ref name="auf.org"/> ===Reforms=== To answer the [[Moncton]] action plan's request, the AUF undertook reforms in three fields in 1999: * Modification of its status * Administration * Programmes In 2005, the AUF endowed a four-year program to meet the goals and priorities of the decennial strategic agreement of the institutional French-speaking world. This agreement, adopted in 2004 by member states of the French-speaking world, sets the principles and strategies of the institutional French-speaking world and controls its activities.<ref>[http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/acdi-cida.nsf/fra/JUD-1211133416-PSG ''Agence canadienne de développement international'']{{dead link\|date=October 2016 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> =={{anchor\|Authorities}}Structure== The association is composed of seven bodies: General assembly: Main body of the AUF. Every four years, the 774 members of the association gather to decide goals and strategy for the four next years. It oversees the board of directors. Association council: Enhances solidarity among higher-education and research institutions of the association, encouraging them to pursue relevant objectives Board of directors: The management body, comprising university and government representatives Scientific council: Decides the methodology of AUF programs and ensures their academic quality. Its members are selected for their technical and professional skills in culture, science and technology. President: Elected by the general assembly for a single four-year term, they head the association council and board of directors. Rector: Elected by the board of directors for a four-year term, their primary function is to implement financial commitments by higher-education and research institutions. University development and co-operation fund: Administered by the rector =={{anchor\|Fields of action}}Activities== The primary activities of the AUF are distributed among four scientific administrations,<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/nos-directions-scientifiques/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Scientific Departments''] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110418051541/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/nos-directions-scientifiques/accueil.html \|date=18 April 2011 }}</ref> each aiming at a specific goal. These four branches are: Language and communication: Supports French-language development through instruction in the scientific disciplines; promotes multilingualism and cultural diversity by stimulating the production, spread and teaching of scientific knowledge in French. Coordinates research projects, training and curriculum reform in linguistics, culture, literature and education. Monitors meetings and scientific conferences, emphasizing publication (particularly online publication). Significantly, more than 2,250 specialists improve understanding of the French-speaking world and the impact of cultural and linguistic diversity on societies. Economic development: Fundraising and public relations Scientific skill reinforcement: Acts as liaison between scientific departments and regional offices. Administers French-speaking digital campuses and institutes in four-year cycles. Evaluates relations between the association and the French-speaking scientific community in the fields of the environment, water, energy, climate, sustainable development and well-being of populations; supports research. Education: Supports communication and information technology in higher education and research; encourages digital development and offers training in the [[Technologies of Information and Communication]] (TICE) for teachers, students and staff. =={{anchor\|Policy of partnership}}Partnerships== The ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie'' has developed partnerships with three objectives:<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Partnerships''] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814035834/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/accueil.html \|date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> To establish more universities and giving them significant developmental roles To develop ties between the AUF, its member institutions and developmental agencies (foundations, [[Non-governmental organization\|NGO]]s, [[territorial collectivities]], etc.) To increase development in the following ways: Place the association's knowledge at the disposal of the projects in question Promote scientific evaluation ** Use tools of university and scientific co-operation AUF numbers among its partners the [[European Union]], [[UNESCO]] and the [[World Bank]].<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/liste-des-partenariats.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, List of Partnerships''] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814061616/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/liste-des-partenariats.html \|date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> It has been requested to assist in: * Project management * Technical evaluations * Information technology and communication * Developmental networks =={{anchor\|Support to electronic scientific journal creation}}Publishing== In 2001, the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie'' facilitated the creation of electronic French-language science journals.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://revues.refer.org/index.php \|title=''Appui à la création de revues scientifques électroniques'' \|access-date=5 May 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705005216/http://revues.refer.org/index.php \|archive-date=5 July 2011 \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy-all }}</ref> Francophone digital campuses were created to support the development of TIC (technologies of information and communication). AUF conducts workshops on the presentation and publication of scientific articles.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://revues.refer.org/ateliers-formation.php \|title=''Appui à la création de revues scientifiques électroniques, Workshops of formation'' \|access-date=5 May 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713070318/http://revues.refer.org/ateliers-formation.php \|archive-date=13 July 2011 \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy-all }}</ref> Financial support is available for selected projects. =={{anchor\|The AUF Worldwide}}AUF worldwide== The AUF's education office and headquarters are in Montreal; central services and a second education office are in [[Paris]]. Regional offices have been established in [[Montreal]], [[Port-au-Prince]], [[Dakar]], [[Yaoundé]], [[Antananarivo]], [[Hanoi]], [[Beirut]], [[Brussels]] and [[Bucharest]].<ref>[http://www.auf.org/regions/ ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Regions''] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110405183323/http://www.auf.org/regions/ \|date=5 April 2011 }}</ref> =={{anchor\|50th anniversary}}Golden anniversary== 2011 marked the 50th anniversary of the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''. To mark the occasion AUF promoted the [[Francophonie]] throughout the year with events devoted to "50 years of the Agency", celebrating its role as an academic agent of the French-speaking scientific community. =={{anchor\|Researchers network}}Networks== ===Research=== [[Lexicology]], [[terminology]], [[translation]] [[Sociolinguistics]] [[Erosion]] and [[hydrology]] [[Economics]] [[Demography]] [[Entrepreneurship]] [[Biotechnology]] [[Health sciences]] ==={{anchor\|Institutional networks}}Institutional=== [[Veterinary medicine]] (AEEVTPLF) [[Management]] (CIDEGEF) [[Medicine]] (CIDMEF) [[Pharmacy]] (CIDPHARMEF) [[Law]] (CIFDUF) [[Engineering]] (CITEF) [[Journalism]] (Théophraste) [[Dentistry]] (CIDCDF) [[Information sciences]] (AIESI) [[Science, technology and society\|Science and technology]] (CIRUISEF) [[Urbanization]] (APERAU) == See also == [[Institut de la Francophonie pour l'Informatique]] - one of its institutions. * [[TV5Monde]] * [[Université Senghor]] ([[Alexandria]]) * [[Association of Commonwealth Universities]] * [[EAIE]] * [[EURODOC]] * [[Association of African Universities]] * [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities]] * [[European University Association]] <!-- ==Regional Centres of Excellence== --> <!-- ==Strategic indicators of AUF== --> ==References== {{Reflist}} == External links == * {{Official website}} {{in lang\|fr}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110507150145/http://auf-50ans.org/50ans/ 50th-anniversary website] {{in lang\|fr}} [http://www.refer.mg/general/agence.htm ''AUPELF-UREF's website''] {{in lang\|fr}} [http://agora.qc.ca/francophonie.nsf/ ''Francophonia's Encyclopaedia''] {{in lang\|fr}} [https://www.francophonie.org/''Francophonie's official website''] {{in lang\|fr}} {{Networks of European universities}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:1961 establishments in Quebec]] [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1961]] [[Category:International organizations based in Canada]] [[Category:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Organizations based in Montreal]] [[Category:University associations and consortia]]	1,288,321,960	[{"title": "Agence universitaire de la Francophonie", "data": {"Predecessor": "Association des Universit\u00e9s Partiellement ou Enti\u00e8rement de Langue Fran\u00e7aise", "Formation": "13 September 1961", "Type": "Francophone university network", "Headquarters": "Montreal, Quebec, Canada", "Coordinates": "45\u00b030\u203206\u2033N 73\u00b037\u203212\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff45.50175850\u00b0N 73.61996090\u00b0W", "Membership": "1,007 university associations (2020)", "Official language": "French", "Rector": "Slim Khalbous (since 2019)", "Budget": "37,200,000 \u20ac (2019)", "Website": "www.auf.org"}}]	false
# Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College (RKMGEC), formerly Purulia Government Engineering College (PGEC), is an engineering college located in Purulia, West Bengal, India. It offers undergraduate (B.Tech.) engineering degree courses affiliated to the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT). The institution is regulated, operated and administered by the Government of West Bengal. ## Academics RKMGEC offers four-year under-graduate degree courses in the various disciplines. - Civil engineering[1] - Mechanical engineering[2] - Electrical engineering[3] - Computer science and engineering[4] - Electronics and communication engineering[5] ## Admission The candidates are admitted on the basis of the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination (WBJEE) rankings. B.Tech. courses have a provision of 10% lateral entry at the second-year level through West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination for Lateral Entry (JELET). ## Student Life ### RKMGEC Hostels RKMGEC provides four hostels on campus. Out of them two are for male boarders and the other two for female boarders. The hostels are as follows: - Old Girls' Hostel - New Girls' Hostel - Old Boys' Hostel - New Boys' Hostel Each hostel has its own mess managed by own duly elected mess committee.	enwiki/54250448	enwiki	54,250,448	Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramkrishna_Mahato_Government_Engineering_College	2024-10-05T15:32:25Z	en	Q30644028	82,735	{{Short description\|Engineering college in West Bengal, India}} {{redirect\|PGEC\|the former professional society\|IEEE Computer Society#History}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2018}} {{Use Indian English\|date=December 2018}} {{Infobox university \| name = Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College \| former_name = Purulia Government Engineering College \| image = PGECMAINGATE.jpg \| caption = Entrance to the Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College \| established = {{start date and age\|2016}} \| type = [[Public]] [[Engineering]] [[College]] \| address = \| city = [[Purulia, West Bengal]] \| country = India \| postcode = 723103 \| coordinates = {{coord\|23.4209\|N\|86.2067\|E\|region:IN-WB_type:edu\|display=title,inline}} \| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India \| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[West Bengal]]##Location in India \| campus = Rural \| campus_size = {{convert\|33\|acre}} \| academic_affiliations = [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology\|MAKAUT]] \| principal = Bibek Chakraborty \| academic_staff = 37 \| website = {{url\|https://rkmgec.ac.in}} \| logo = \| logo_size = 150px \| logo_alt = \| footnotes = }} '''Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College''' ('''RKMGEC'''), formerly '''Purulia Government Engineering College''' ('''PGEC'''), is an engineering college located in [[Purulia, West Bengal]], India. It offers undergraduate ([[B.Tech.]]) engineering degree courses affiliated to the [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology]] (MAKAUT). The institution is regulated, operated and administered by the [[Government of West Bengal]]. ==Academics== RKMGEC offers four-year under-graduate degree courses in the various disciplines. * Civil engineering<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/civil_engineering\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Mechanical engineering<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/mechanical_engineering\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Electrical engineering<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/electrical_engineering\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Computer science and engineering<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/computer_science_and_engineering\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Electronics and communication engineering<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/electronics_and_communication_engineering\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> ==Admission== The candidates are admitted on the basis of the [[West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination]] (WBJEE) rankings. B.Tech.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Participating Institutions\|url=https://wbjeeb.in/engineering-college-institution-in-west-bengal\|access-date=2021-03-02\|website=wbjeeb.in}}</ref> courses have a provision of 10% lateral entry at the second-year level through West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination for Lateral Entry (JELET).<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Notice\|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/images/pagepdf/1613189485992Notice%20for%20Decentralized%20Counseling%20Lateral%202020_21_.pdf}}</ref> == Student Life == === RKMGEC Hostels === RKMGEC provides four hostels on campus. Out of them two are for male boarders and the other two for female boarders. The hostels are as follows: * Old Girls' Hostel * New Girls' Hostel * Old Boys' Hostel * New Boys' Hostel Each hostel has its own mess managed by own duly elected mess committee. ==See also== {{columns-list\|colwidth=22em\| [[List of institutions of higher education in West Bengal]] [[Education in India]] [[Education in West Bengal]] }} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{official\|https://rkmgec.ac.in/}} [http://www.ugc.ac.in/ University Grants Commission] [http://www.naac.gov.in/ National Assessment and Accreditation Council] {{West Bengal University of Technology}} [[Category:Engineering colleges in West Bengal]] [[Category:Universities and colleges in Purulia district]] [[Category:Colleges affiliated to West Bengal University of Technology]] [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 2016]] [[Category:2016 establishments in West Bengal]] {{WestBengal-university-stub}}	1,249,561,970	[{"title": "Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College", "data": {"Former name": "Purulia Government Engineering College", "Type": "Public Engineering College", "Established": "2016", "Academic affiliations": "MAKAUT", "Principal": "Bibek Chakraborty", "Academic staff": "37", "Location": "Purulia, West Bengal, 723103, India \u00b7 23\u00b025\u203215\u2033N 86\u00b012\u203224\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff23.4209\u00b0N 86.2067\u00b0E", "Campus": "Rural, 33 acres (13 ha)", "Website": "rkmgec.ac.in"}}]	false
# Anthoupolis Anthoupolis (Greek: Ανθούπολη) is a village, south of Nicosia, Cyprus. Anthoupolis is a rather new area which was created after the Turkish Invasion of 1974 to house refugees. The original refugee site is slowly abandoned and new houses and projects are being held to regenerate the wider area. The Greek name means Flower-City or in a more metaphorical sense flowering, expanding city. Anthoupolis is located next to the A9 highway exit towards Troodos mountain.	enwiki/2256114	enwiki	2,256,114	Anthoupolis	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthoupolis	2025-07-07T01:44:18Z	en	Q4773823	64,331	{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->\| official_name = Anthoupolis \| other_name = \| native_name = {{nativename\|el\|Ανθούπολη}} \| nickname = \| settlement_type = [[List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus#Minor towns and villages\|Village]] \| motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> \| image_map = {{infobox mapframe\|frame=yes\|plain=y\|frame-width=250\|frame-height=300\|zoom=14\|type=shape-inverse\|id=Q4773823\|title=Anthoupolis}} \| image_skyline = \| imagesize = \| image_caption = \| image_flag = \| flag_size = \| image_seal = \| seal_size = \| map_caption = Interactive map outlining Anthoupolis \| pushpin_map = Cyprus#Mediterranean east#European_Union#Asia \| pushpin_label_position = bottom \| pushpin_relief = y \| pushpin_mapsize = 300 \| pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Cyprus]]##Location within the [[Eastern Mediterranean]]##Location within the [[European Union]]##Location within [[Asia]] \| subdivision_type = Country \| subdivision_name = {{flag\|Cyprus}} \| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Cyprus\|District]] \| subdivision_name1 = [[Nicosia District]] \| subdivision_type2 = [[Urban area]] \| subdivision_name2 = [[Nicosia]] \| subdivision_type3 = \| subdivision_name3 = <!-- Politics -----------------> \| government_footnotes = \| government_type = \| leader_title = \| leader_name = \| established_title = <!-- Settled --> \| established_date = <!-- Area ---------------------> \| area_magnitude = \| total_type = [[List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus#Minor towns and villages\|Village]] \| area_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web \|title=Cyprus: Nicosia Urban Agglomeration (Municipalities, Communities and Quarters) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map \|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/cyprus/nicosia/admin/ \|access-date=2024-10-04 \|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> \| area_total_km2 = 0.44 \| area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> \| area_metro_km2 = <!-- Population -----------------------> \| population_as_of = 2011 \| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web \|title=Cyprus: Nicosia Urban Agglomeration (Municipalities, Communities and Quarters) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map \|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/cyprus/nicosia/admin/ \|access-date=2024-10-04 \|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> \| population_note = \| population_total = 1756 \| population_density_km2 = \| timezone = [[Eastern European Time\|EET]] \| utc_offset = +2 \| timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time\|EEST]] \| utc_offset_DST = +3 \| coordinates = {{coord\|35\|06\|15\|N\|33\|17\|23\|E\|region:CY_type:city\|display=inline,title}} \| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> \| elevation_m = \| elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> \| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> \| postal_code = \| area_code = \| blank_name = \| blank_info = \| blank1_name = \| blank1_info = \| website = \| footnotes = }} '''Anthoupolis''' (Greek: Ανθούπολη) is a village, south of [[Nicosia]], [[Republic of Cyprus\|Cyprus]]. Anthoupolis is a rather new area which was created after the [[Turkish Invasion of Cyprus\|Turkish Invasion of 1974]] to house refugees. The original refugee site is slowly abandoned and new houses and projects are being held to regenerate the wider area. The Greek name means Flower-City or in a more metaphorical sense flowering, expanding city. Anthoupolis is located next to the [[A9 motorway (Cyprus)\|A9 highway]] exit towards Troodos mountain. ==References== <references/> {{Nicosia District}} [[Category:Communities in Nicosia District]] {{NicosiaDistrict-geo-stub}}	1,299,200,549	[{"title": "Anthoupolis \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 (Greek)", "data": {"Country": "Cyprus", "District": "Nicosia District", "Urban area": "Nicosia"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Village": "0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (2011)", "data": {"\u2022 Village": "1,756", "Time zone": "UTC+2 (EET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+3 (EEST)"}}]	false
# Josh Fauver Joshua Donald Fauver (December 4, 1978 – November 2, 2018) was an American musician. He served as the longtime bassist for the band Deerhunter from 2004 to 2012. Fauver replaced second Deerhunter bassist Justin Bosworth in 2004 following Bosworth's death. Fauver played on their debut self-titled album (2004), Cryptograms (2007), the Fluorescent Grey EP (2007), Weird Era Cont. and Microcastle (2008), Rainwater Cassette Exchange EP (2009), and Halcyon Digest (2010). Fauver was a member of the following Atlanta DIY bands: the Mascara Aesthetic, Titus, Circle 5, Perpetual Sciamachy Theorem, Electrosleep International and S.I.D.S., and had his own solo project, called Diet Cola. His independent label "Army Of Bad Luck", released albums for several Atlanta bands, such as Pleasure Cruise, Facehugger, and Battlecat, as well as Austin's Finally Punk and Portland's Hurry Up. On November 2, 2018, Fauver died unexpectedly in Atlanta, Georgia, aged 39. Deerhunter revealed on social media that Fauver had died; a representative of the band confirmed the death. No cause of death was announced.	enwiki/58967305	enwiki	58,967,305	Josh Fauver	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Fauver	2025-06-07T19:28:07Z	en	Q58227346	74,185	{{Short description\|American musician (1978–2018)}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=November 2018}} {{Multiple issues\| {{Update\|date=November 2018}} {{Notability\|Music\|date=November 2018}}}} {{Infobox musical artist \| honorific_prefix = \| name = \| honorific_suffix = \| image = Josh Fauver, bassist for Deerhunter (2004-2012).jpg \| image_upright = \| image_size = \| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --> \| alt = Fauver performing at an ATP Festival in 2010. \| caption = Fauver performing at an [[All Tomorrow's Parties\|ATP Festival]] in 2010. \| birth_name = Joshua Donald Fauver \| birth_date = {{birth date\|1978\|12\|4}} \| birth_place = [[Naperville, Illinois]], U.S. \| origin = \| death_date = {{dda\|2018\|11\|2\|1978\|12\|4}} \| death_place = [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S. \| genre = [[Indie rock]] \| instrument = [[Bass guitar]] \| years_active = <!-- 1988-2018 (or –present) --> \| label = Army of Bad Luck \| associated_acts = [[Deerhunter]], Vera Fang, Diet Cola, Bushwalking,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://chaptermusic.com/artist/bushwalking/\|title=Bushwalking at Chapter Music\|website=Chaptermusic.com\|language=en-US\|access-date=2018-11-05}}</ref> Electrosleep International, S.I.D.S., [[Stickfigure Records]], [[Goodnight Records]], Circle 5 \| website = {{URL\|armyofbadluck.com}} }} '''Joshua Donald Fauver''' (December 4, 1978 – November 2, 2018)<ref name="legacy.com">{{cite news\|url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/jconline/obituary.aspx?n=joshua-donald-fauver&pid=190684178&fhid=4905\|title=Joshua Donald Fauver 1978-2018 Obituary\|access-date=November 10, 2018}}</ref> was an American musician. He served as the longtime bassist for the band [[Deerhunter]] from 2004 to 2012.<ref>{{cite magazine\|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/deerhunter-josh-fauver-dead-751751/\|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dead at 39\|first=Daniel\|last=Kreps\|date=November 4, 2018\|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref> Fauver replaced second Deerhunter bassist Justin Bosworth in 2004 following Bosworth's death.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Anderson \|first1=Shawn \|title=Making Sense of Deerhunter \|url=https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/music/making-sense-of-deerhunter-6445955 \|website=Phoenix New Times \|access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref> Fauver played on their debut self-titled album (2004), [[Cryptograms (album)\|Cryptograms]] (2007), [[Fluorescent Grey\|the Fluorescent Grey EP]] (2007), [[Weird Era Cont.]] and [[Microcastle]] (2008), [[Rainwater Cassette Exchange]] EP (2009), and [[Halcyon Digest]] (2010).<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-is-dead\|title=Former Deerhunter Bassist Josh Fauver Dead at 39 - Pitchfork\|website=Pitchfork.com\|date=November 4, 2018}}</ref> Fauver was a member of the following [[Atlanta]] DIY bands: the Mascara Aesthetic, Titus, Circle 5, Perpetual Sciamachy Theorem,<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Radford \|first1=Chad \|title=Josh Fauver R.I.P. Army of Bad Luck label owner and former Deerhunter bass player was 39 \|url=https://creativeloafing.com/content-416705-josh-fauver-r-i-p \|website=Creative Loafing (Atlanta) \|access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref> [[Electrosleep International]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/2308794-Electrosleep-International\|title=Electrosleep International\|website=Discogs.com\|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> and [[S.I.D.S.]],<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.metal-archives.com/bands/S.I.D.S./3540299133\|title=S.I.D.S. - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives\|website=Metal-archives.com\|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/724294-Josh-Fauver\|title=Josh Fauver\|website=Discogs.com\|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> and had his own solo project, called Diet Cola.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://shinygreymonotone.blogspot.com/2014/04/diet-cola-early-learning.html\|title=[shiny grey monotone]: Diet Cola - Early Learning\|last=Gray\|date=April 2, 2014\|website=Shinygreymonotone.blogspot.com\|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> His independent label "Army Of Bad Luck", released albums for several Atlanta bands, such as Pleasure Cruise, Facehugger, and Battlecat, as well as Austin's Finally Punk and Portland's Hurry Up.<ref name="NME">{{cite web\|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-died-2396794\|title=Former Deerhunter bassist Josh Fauver has died, aged 39\|date=November 4, 2018\|website=Nme.com\|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> On November 2, 2018, Fauver died unexpectedly in [[Atlanta, Georgia]], aged 39.<ref name=NME/><ref name="billboard">{{cite news\|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dies at 39 \|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/obituary/8483185/josh-fauver-dies-former-deerhunter-bassist-dead\|access-date=November 10, 2018 \|website=Billboard.com\|date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> Deerhunter revealed on social media that Fauver had died; a representative of the band confirmed the death. No cause of death was announced.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-is-dead/\|title = Former Deerhunter Bassist Josh Fauver Dead at 39\| website=[[Pitchfork (website)\|Pitchfork]] \|date = November 4, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine\|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/deerhunter-josh-fauver-dead-751751/\|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dead at 39\|last=Kreps\|first=Daniel\|date=2018-11-04\|magazine=Rolling Stone\|access-date=2018-11-27\|language=en-US}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Deerhunter}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fauver, Josh}} [[Category:4AD artists]] [[Category:1979 births]] [[Category:2018 deaths]] [[Category:American bass guitarists]] [[Category:American rock bass guitarists]] [[Category:American male bass guitarists]] [[Category:Alternative rock bass guitarists]] [[Category:Place of birth missing]] [[Category:Deerhunter members]] {{US-bass-guitarist-stub}}	1,294,445,850	[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Birth name": "Joshua Donald Fauver", "Born": "December 4, 1978 \u00b7 Naperville, Illinois, U.S.", "Died": "November 2, 2018 (aged 39) \u00b7 Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.", "Genres": "Indie rock", "Instrument": "Bass guitar", "Labels": "Army of Bad Luck"}}, {"title": "Deerhunter", "data": {"Studio albums": "Turn It Up Faggot Cryptograms Microcastle Weird Era Cont. Halcyon Digest Monomania Fading Frontier Why Hasn't Everything Already Disappeared?", "EPs": "Fluorescent Grey Rainwater Cassette Exchange Double Dream of Spring", "Singles": "Deerhunter 7\" Whirlyball 7\" \" Nothing Ever Happened \" \" Vox Celeste 5 \" \" Revival \" \" Memory Boy \"", "Splits": "Deerhunter/Alphabets Split Deerhunter/Hubcap City Split Fluorescent Grey/Oh, It's Such A Shame", "Related articles": "Discography Atlas Sound Lotus Plaza Macha Mice Parade"}}]	false
# Kennedy Polamalu Kennedy Polamalu (born November 22, 1963) is an American Samoan professional football coach who is the running backs coach for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). Formerly, he served as the running backs coach for the Cleveland Browns, Jacksonville Jaguars, Minnesota Vikings, and Las Vegas Raiders. He was the offensive coordinator for the UCLA Bruins. Prior to that he was the offensive coordinator for the USC Trojans. ## Playing career Polamalu was a fullback at USC from 1982 to 1985. His contributions helped the USC Trojans defeat the Ohio State Buckeyes, 20–17, in the 1985 Rose Bowl. ## Coaching career ### Early coaching career Polamalu coached running backs and special teams for the USC Trojans from 2000 to 2003. He coached Justin Fargas, Hershel Dennis and Tom Malone. Prior to that he coached at the high school level and for University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), San Diego State University and the University of Colorado at Boulder. He coached the Cleveland Browns in 2004 and the Jacksonville Jaguars from 2005 to 2009. On July 24, 2010, Polamalu accepted a position with USC to become the offensive coordinator. The hiring led Tennessee Titans coach Jeff Fisher to publicly criticize USC head coach, Lane Kiffin, for not following generally accepted National Football League (NFL) protocol: that the head coach or athletic department of the interested team should call the other head coach and let him know that he will be contacting an assistant on their staff. Fisher was upset that Kiffin called and left a voicemail after Polamalu had already accepted the job. Kiffin then explained that he called Polamalu on Friday, July 23, to gauge his interest; after getting Polamalu's positive answer on Saturday, Kiffin called Fisher and left a message. On July 26, 2010, the Titans filed a lawsuit against Kiffin and USC for "maliciously luring" Polamalu away, asking for damages. On December 4, 2013, it was announced that Polamalu was hired to be the running backs coach at UCLA. In July 2013, Polamalu decided to coach his son at Loyola High School in Los Angeles. He coached the running backs and was the Specials Team Coordinator. He only coached there for a year until he got an offer to coach at UCLA. ### UCLA On January 13, 2016, UCLA announced that it has promoted Polamalu to offensive coordinator. Following the loss to California on November 26, 2016, Polamalu's contract at UCLA was not renewed. ### Minnesota Vikings In January 2017, the Minnesota Vikings officially announced the hiring of Polamalu as the team's running back coach. He, along with the rest of the coaching staff was let go after the 2021 season. ### Las Vegas Raiders In 2022 he became the running backs coach for the Raiders. On February 2 Polamalu was not retained by new Raiders head coach Antonio Pierce and the Raiders after they hired DeShaun Foster as the Raiders' new running backs coach. Foster later backed out to become the head coach of the UCLA Bruins and Polamalu was replaced by Cadillac Williams ### Seattle Seahawks In February 2024, Polamalu joined head coach Mike Macdonald as running backs coach for the Seahawks. ## Personal life Polamalu is married to Stephanie Nelson and they share six children K.C., Matthew, Tre, Sophia, Andrew, and Xander. They also have a daughter-in-law Theresa Pola and two grandsons, Tre and Koa. He was born the day President Kennedy was assassinated, and was named in his honor. He graduated from Mater Dei High School in Santa Ana, California, in 1982 where he also played basketball and ran track and field and was Student Body President his senior year. Polamalu's brother, Aoatoa, played nose tackle at Penn State from 1984 to 1988. Upon moving to California from American Samoa in the mid-1970s, Kennedy's family shortened their last name to Pola. In 2011, he began the process of legally changing it back to Polamalu while preparing for a return to Samoa. In June, he was part of a contingent that included former USC players Rey Maualuga, Deuce Lutui, Malaefou MacKenzie and others who returned to Samoa for a football camp sponsored by his nephew, former USC Trojans All-American and Pittsburgh Steelers safety Troy Polamalu. His name change became official in August 2011.	enwiki/4416771	enwiki	4,416,771	Kennedy Polamalu	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennedy_Polamalu	2025-06-18T19:19:55Z	en	Q6389673	84,882	{{Short description\|American Samoan football coach (born 1963)}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=January 2019}} {{Infobox NFL biography \| name = Kennedy Polamalu \| image = 2010-0918-KennedyPola.jpg \| alt = \| caption = \| current_team = Seattle Seahawks \| position = Running backs coach <!--[[Fullback (American football)\|Fullback]]--> \| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|1963\|11\|22}} \| birth_place = [[Pago Pago]], American Samoa \| death_date = \| death_place = \| high_school = [[Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California)\|Mater Dei]] {{nowrap\|([[Santa Ana, California]])}} \| college = [[USC Trojans football\|USC]] \| undraftedyear = 1986 \| pastcoaching = * [[UCLA Bruins football\|UCLA]] (1992–1993)<br />Graduate assistant * [[San Diego State Aztecs football\|San Diego State]] (1994–1996)<br />Running backs coach & special teams coordinator * [[Colorado Buffaloes football\|Colorado]] (1997–1998)<br />Running backs coach * San Diego State (1999)<br />Linebackers coach * [[USC Trojans football\|USC]] (2000)<br />Running backs coach * USC (2001)<br />Special teams coordinator * USC (2002–2003)<br />Running backs coach & special teams coordinator * [[Cleveland Browns]] ({{nfly\|2004}})<br />Running backs coach * [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] ({{nfly\|2005}}–{{nfly\|2009}})<br />Running backs coach * USC (2010–2012)<br />Offensive coordinator & running backs coach * UCLA (2014–2015)<br />Running backs coach * UCLA (2016)<br />Offensive coordinator * [[Minnesota Vikings]] ({{nfly\|2017}}–{{nfly\|2021}})<br />Running backs coach * [[Las Vegas Raiders]] ({{nfly\|2021}}–{{nfly\|2023}})<br>Running backs coach * [[Seattle Seahawks]] ({{nfly\|2024}}–present)<br>Running backs coach }} '''Kennedy Polamalu''' (born November 22, 1963) is an American Samoan professional [[American football\|football]] coach who is the running backs coach for the [[Seattle Seahawks]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL). Formerly, he served as the running backs coach for the [[Cleveland Browns]], [[Jacksonville Jaguars]], [[Minnesota Vikings]], and [[Las Vegas Raiders]]. He was the [[offensive coordinator]] for the [[UCLA Bruins football\|UCLA Bruins]]. Prior to that he was the [[offensive coordinator]] for the [[USC Trojans football\|USC Trojans]].<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/college/usc/la-sp-usc-football-20130209,0,4826725.story \|work=Los Angeles Times \|first=Gary \|last=Klein \|title=Kennedy Polamalu reportedly out as USC running backs coach \|date=February 8, 2013}}</ref> ==Playing career== Polamalu was a [[Fullback (American football)\|fullback]] at [[University of Southern California\|USC]] from 1982 to 1985. His contributions helped the [[USC Trojans football\|USC Trojans]] defeat the [[1985 Ohio State Buckeyes football team\|Ohio State Buckeyes]], 20–17, in the [[1985 Rose Bowl]].<ref>[http://www.tournamentofroses.com/photogallery/RBGtimeline/1980sb.htm Rose Bowl Game Photo Timeline, 1980-1989] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090609052027/http://www.tournamentofroses.com/photogallery/RBGtimeline/1980sb.htm \|date=June 9, 2009 }}, [[Pasadena Tournament of Roses]]</ref> ==Coaching career== ===Early coaching career=== Polamalu coached running backs and [[special teams]] for the USC Trojans from 2000 to 2003.<ref name=jaguars>{{cite web\|url=http://www.jaguars.com/team/Coach.aspx?id=2588 \|title=Kennedy Pola coach bio \|publisher=Jaguars.com \|access-date=December 2, 2009 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102040012/http://jaguars.com/team/coach.aspx?id=2588 \|archive-date=January 2, 2010 }}</ref> He coached [[Justin Fargas]], [[Hershel Dennis]] and [[Tom Malone (American football)\|Tom Malone]]. Prior to that he coached at the high school level and for [[University of California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA), [[San Diego State University]] and the [[University of Colorado at Boulder]]. He coached the [[Cleveland Browns]] in 2004 and the [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] from 2005 to 2009.<ref name=jaguars/> On July 24, 2010, Polamalu accepted a position with USC to become the [[offensive coordinator]]. The hiring led [[Tennessee Titans]] coach [[Jeff Fisher]] to publicly criticize USC head coach, [[Lane Kiffin]], for not following generally accepted [[National Football League]] (NFL) protocol: that the head coach or athletic department of the interested team should call the other head coach and let him know that he will be contacting an assistant on their staff. Fisher was upset that Kiffin called and left a voicemail after Polamalu had already accepted the job. Kiffin then explained that he called Polamalu on Friday, July 23, to gauge his interest; after getting Polamalu's positive answer on Saturday, Kiffin called Fisher and left a message.<ref name=ESPN072510>[https://www.espn.com/los-angeles/ncf/news/story?id=5407023 Kiffin's approach 'disappoints' Fisher], ESPN.com, July 24, 2010, Accessed July 25, 2010.</ref> On July 26, 2010, the Titans filed a lawsuit against Kiffin and USC for "maliciously luring" Polamalu away, asking for damages.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/story/13671180/titans-sue-usc-kiffin-for-taking-assistant-coach-pola?tag=headlines;other \|title=Titans sue USC, Kiffin for taking assistant coach Pola \|work=CBS Sports \|date=26 July 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211015932/http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/story/13671180/titans-sue-usc-kiffin-for-taking-assistant-coach-pola?tag=headlines;other \|archive-date=11 December 2013}}</ref> On December 4, 2013, it was announced that Polamalu was hired to be the running backs coach at UCLA.<ref>{{cite news\| url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/varsity-times/la-sp-vi-football-kennedy-polamalu-is-headed-to-ucla-20131204,0,5537437.story \| work=Los Angeles Times \| first=Eric \| last=Sondheimer \| title=Football: Kennedy Polamalu is headed to UCLA \| date=December 4, 2013}}</ref> In July 2013, Polamalu decided to coach his son at Loyola High School in Los Angeles. He coached the running backs and was the Specials Team Coordinator. He only coached there for a year until he got an offer to coach at UCLA. ===UCLA=== On January 13, 2016, UCLA announced that it has promoted Polamalu to offensive coordinator.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=210633290\|title=Football Staff Hires and Promotion\|work=UCLA Athletics\|date=January 13, 2016\|access-date=January 14, 2016\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223211544/http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=210633290\|archive-date=February 23, 2016}}</ref> Following the loss to California on November 26, 2016, Polamalu's contract at UCLA was not renewed. ===Minnesota Vikings=== In January 2017, the [[Minnesota Vikings]] officially announced the hiring of Polamalu as the team's running back coach.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.vikings.com/news/article-1/5-Things-to-Know-About-New-Vikings-RB-Coach-Kennedy-Polamalu/da799fb9-299c-41b6-a8fb-a7577fb84bc9 \|title=5 Things to Know About New Vikings RB Coach Kennedy Polamalu \|publisher=Minnesota Vikings \|date=21 January 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202040701/http://www.vikings.com/news/article-1/5-Things-to-Know-About-New-Vikings-RB-Coach-Kennedy-Polamalu/da799fb9-299c-41b6-a8fb-a7577fb84bc9 \|archive-date=2 February 2017}}</ref> He, along with the rest of the coaching staff was let go after the 2021 season. ===Las Vegas Raiders=== In 2022 he became the running backs coach for the Raiders.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Aspuria \|first=Ray \|date=2022-02-23 \|title=New Raiders RB coach lands in solid spot \|url=https://www.silverandblackpride.com/2022/2/23/22946150/raiders-kennedy-polamalu-runnning-backs-coach \|access-date=2024-02-21 \|website=Silver And Black Pride \|language=en}}</ref> On February 2 Polamalu was not retained by new Raiders head coach [[Antonio Pierce]] and the Raiders after they hired [[DeShaun Foster]] as the Raiders' new running backs coach. Foster later backed out to become the head coach of the UCLA Bruins and Polamalu was replaced by [[Cadillac Williams]] ===Seattle Seahawks=== In February 2024, Polamalu joined head coach [[Mike Macdonald]] as running backs coach for the Seahawks.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-02-16 \|title=Seahawks are expected to hire Kennedy Polamalu as RBs coach \|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/seahawks-are-expected-to-hire-kennedy-polamalu-as-rbs-coach \|access-date=2024-02-21 \|website=NBC Sports \|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Personal life== Polamalu is married to Stephanie Nelson and they share six children K.C., Matthew, Tre, Sophia, Andrew, and Xander. They also have a daughter-in-law Theresa Pola and two grandsons, Tre and Koa. He was born the day [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy\|President Kennedy was assassinated]], and was named in his honor. He graduated from [[Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California)\|Mater Dei High School]] in [[Santa Ana, California]], in 1982 where he also played basketball and ran track and field and was Student Body President his [[Twelfth grade\|senior]] year. Polamalu's brother, Aoatoa, played [[nose tackle]] at [[Penn State Nittany Lions football\|Penn State]] from 1984 to 1988.<ref name=aoatoa>{{cite web \|url=http://usctrojans.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/082100aab.html \|title=Football Opens Against Penn State In Kickoff Classic XVIII \|publisher=USC Sports Information \|date=August 21, 2000 \|access-date=April 9, 2008 \|archive-date=December 6, 2007 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206060639/http://usctrojans.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/082100aab.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Upon moving to [[California]] from [[American Samoa]] in the mid-1970s, Kennedy's family shortened their last name to Pola. In 2011, he began the process of legally changing it back to Polamalu while preparing for a return to Samoa. In June,<ref name=NameChangeESPN>[https://www.espn.com/blog/los-angeles/usc/post/_/id/7107/football-kennedy-pola-goes-home-changes-his-name "Football: Kennedy Pola goes home, changes his name"], Pedro Moura, [[ESPN]], June 30, 2011</ref> he was part of a contingent that included former USC players [[Rey Maualuga]], [[Deuce Lutui]], [[Malaefou MacKenzie]] and others who returned to Samoa for a football camp sponsored by his nephew, former [[USC Trojans football\|USC Trojans]] All-American and [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] safety [[Troy Polamalu]].<ref name=NameChangeESPN/> His name change became official in August 2011. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219214341/http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=209335285 UCLA profile] {{NFL running back coaches}} {{2003 USC Trojans football navbox}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Polamalu, Kennedy}} [[Category:1963 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American football fullbacks]] [[Category:American Samoan Roman Catholics]] [[Category:American sportspeople of Samoan descent]] [[Category:Cleveland Browns coaches]] [[Category:Colorado Buffaloes football coaches]] [[Category:High school football coaches in California]] [[Category:Jacksonville Jaguars coaches]] [[Category:San Diego State Aztecs football coaches]] [[Category:UCLA Bruins football coaches]] [[Category:USC Trojans football coaches]] [[Category:USC Trojans football players]] [[Category:People from Pago Pago]] [[Category:Players of American football from American Samoa]] [[Category:Players of American football from Orange County, California]] [[Category:Las Vegas Raiders coaches]] [[Category:Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California) alumni]] [[Category:Seattle Seahawks coaches]] [[Category:Coaches of American football from California]] [[Category:Loyola High School (Los Angeles) alumni]] [[Category:Pacific Islander American players of American football]]	1,296,238,106	[{"title": "Seattle Seahawks", "data": {"Position": "Running backs coach"}}, {"title": "Personal information", "data": {"Born": "November 22, 1963 \u00b7 Pago Pago, American Samoa"}}, {"title": "Career information", "data": {"High school": "Mater Dei (Santa Ana, California)", "College": "USC", "NFL draft": "1986: undrafted"}}, {"title": "As a coach:", "data": {"As a coach:": "- UCLA (1992\u20131993) \u00b7 Graduate assistant - San Diego State (1994\u20131996) \u00b7 Running backs coach & special teams coordinator - Colorado (1997\u20131998) \u00b7 Running backs coach - San Diego State (1999) \u00b7 Linebackers coach - USC (2000) \u00b7 Running backs coach - USC (2001) \u00b7 Special teams coordinator - USC (2002\u20132003) \u00b7 Running backs coach & special teams coordinator - Cleveland Browns (2004) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Jacksonville Jaguars (2005\u20132009) \u00b7 Running backs coach - USC (2010\u20132012) \u00b7 Offensive coordinator & running backs coach - UCLA (2014\u20132015) \u00b7 Running backs coach - UCLA (2016) \u00b7 Offensive coordinator - Minnesota Vikings (2017\u20132021) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Las Vegas Raiders (2021\u20132023) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Seattle Seahawks (2024\u2013present) \u00b7 Running backs coach"}}]	false
# Tahua Municipality Tahua Municipality is the second municipal section of the Daniel Campos Province in the Potosí Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Tahua. ## Geography Tahua Municipality lies in the Altiplano at the Uyuni salt flat. Some of the highest mountains of the municipality are listed below: - Ch'iyar Qullu - Jisk'a Wat'a - Lluqu Lluqu - Muruq'u Qullu - Wila Qullu - Wila Wilani - Jorth Carolina ## Subdivision The municipality consists of the following cantons: - Ayque - Cacoma - Caquena - Coqueza - Tahua - Yonza ## The people The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Aymara descent. \| Ethnic group \| % \| \| ------------------------- \| ---- \| \| Quechua \| 6.0 \| \| Aymara \| 90.5 \| \| Guaraní, Chiquitos, Moxos \| 0.1 \| \| Not indigenous \| 3.3 \| \| Other indigenous groups \| 0.0 \|	enwiki/32817060	enwiki	32,817,060	Tahua Municipality	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahua_Municipality	2024-05-18T06:31:51Z	en	Q1477909	61,284	{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> \|official_name = Tahua Municipality \|other_name = \|native_name = Tawa \|nickname = \|settlement_type = Municipality \|motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> \|image_skyline = Coquesa y Salar de Uyuni - Potosí - Bolivia.jpg \|imagesize = \|image_caption = The village of Coquesa and [[Salar de Uyuni]] in Tahua Municipality \|image_flag = \|flag_size = \|image_seal = \|seal_size = \|image_shield = \|shield_size = \|image_blank_emblem = \|blank_emblem_type = \|blank_emblem_size = \|image_map =51402 Tahua Municipio.png \|mapsize = \|map_caption =Location within Potosí Department \|image_map1 = \|mapsize1 = \|map_caption1 = \|image_dot_map = \|dot_mapsize = \|dot_map_caption = \|dot_x = \|dot_y = \|pushpin_map =Bolivia<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> \|pushpin_label_position =bottom \|pushpin_map_caption =Location within Bolivia <!-- Location ------------------> \|subdivision_type = Country \|subdivision_name ={{flag\|Bolivia}} \|subdivision_type1 = [[Departments of Bolivia\|Department]] \|subdivision_name1 = [[Potosí Department]] \|subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Bolivia\|Province]] \|subdivision_name2 = [[Daniel Campos Province]] <!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government --> \|seat_type = Seat \|seat = [[Tahua, Potosí\|Tahua]] <!-- Politics -----------------> \|government_footnotes = \|government_type = \|leader_title = \|leader_name = \|leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> \|leader_name1 = \|leader_title2 = \|leader_name2 = \|leader_title3 = \|leader_name3 = \|leader_title4 = \|leader_name4 = \|established_title = <!-- Settled --> \|established_date = \|established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> \|established_date2 = \|established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> \|established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> \|area_magnitude = \|unit_pref =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> \|area_footnotes = \|area_total_km2 =3272<!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> \|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> \|area_water_km2 = \|area_total_sq_mi = \|area_land_sq_mi = \|area_water_sq_mi = \|area_water_percent = \|area_urban_km2 = \|area_urban_sq_mi = \|area_metro_km2 = \|area_metro_sq_mi = \|area_blank1_title = \|area_blank1_km2 = \|area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> \|population_as_of = 2001 \|population_footnotes = \|population_note = \|population_total = 2166 \|population_density_km2 = \|population_density_sq_mi = \|population_metro = \|population_density_metro_km2 = \|population_density_metro_sq_mi = \|population_urban = \|population_density_urban_km2 = \|population_density_urban_sq_mi = \|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities \|population_blank1 =[[Aymara people\|Aymara]] \|population_blank2_title =Religions \|population_blank2 = \|population_density_blank1_km2 = \|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> \|timezone = BOT \|utc_offset = -4 \|timezone_DST = \|utc_offset_DST = \|coordinates = {{coord\|20\|18\|S\|67\|24\|W\|region:BO\|display=inline,title}} \|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> \|elevation_m =3700 \|elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> \|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> \|postal_code = \|area_code = \|blank_name = \|blank_info = \|blank1_name = \|blank1_info = \|website = \|footnotes = }} '''Tahua Municipality''' is the second [[Municipalities of Bolivia\|municipal section]] of the [[Daniel Campos Province]] in the [[Potosí Department]] in [[Bolivia]]. Its seat is [[Tahua, Potosí\|Tahua]]. == Geography == Tahua Municipality lies in the [[Altiplano]] at the [[Salar de Uyuni\|Uyuni]] salt flat. Some of the highest mountains of the municipality are listed below:<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=051402&tipo=1\|title=Tahua\|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> \|publisher=INE, Bolivia\|access-date=October 16, 2015}}</ref> * Ch'iyar Qullu * Jisk'a Wat'a * Lluqu Lluqu * Muruq'u Qullu * Wila Qullu * Wila Wilani * Jorth Carolina == Subdivision == The municipality consists of the following cantons: * [[Ayque Canton\|Ayque]] * [[Cacoma Canton\|Cacoma]] * [[Caquena Canton\|Caquena]] * [[Coqueza Canton\|Coqueza]] * [[Tahua Canton\|Tahua]] * [[Yonza Canton\|Yonza]] == The people == The people are predominantly [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas\|indigenous]] citizens of [[Aymara people\|Aymara]] descent.<ref name="desc">obd.descentralizacion.gov.bo/municipal/fichas/ (inactive)</ref> {\|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:25%;" border="1" \|-bgcolor=#EFEFEF ! '''Ethnic group''' ! '''%''' \|- \|[[Quechuas\|Quechua]] \|align="right" \|6.0 \|- \|[[Aymara people\|Aymara]] \|align="right" \|90.5 \|- \|[[Guarani people\|Guaraní]], [[Chiquitos]], [[Moxos people\|Moxos]] \|align="right" \|0.1 \|- \|Not [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas\|indigenous]] \|align="right" \|3.3 \|- \|Other indigenous groups \|align="right" \|0.0 \|- \|} == See also == * [[Incahuasi Island\|Inkawasi Island]] * [[Isla del Pescado]] == References == <references /> == External links == *[http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=051402&tipo=1 Tahua Municipality: population data and map] {{Potosí Department}} [[Category:Municipalities of Potosí Department]] {{Potosí-geo-stub}}	1,224,407,212	[{"title": "Tahua Municipality Tawa", "data": {"Country": "Bolivia", "Department": "Potos\u00ed Department", "Province": "Daniel Campos Province", "Seat": "Tahua"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "1,263 sq mi (3,272 km2)", "Elevation": "12,100 ft (3,700 m)"}}, {"title": "Population (2001)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "2,166", "\u2022 Ethnicities": "Aymara", "Time zone": "UTC-4 (BOT)"}}]	false
# The Smoke Ring (novel) The Smoke Ring is a 1987 science fiction novel by Larry Niven. Like much of Niven's work, the story is heavily influenced by the setting: a gas torus, a ring of air around a neutron star. It is a sequel to The Integral Trees. ## Setting The story is set at the fictional neutron star Levoy's Star (abbreviated "Voy"). The gas giant Goldblatt's World (abbreviated "Gold") orbits the star just outside its Roche limit. While Gold's gravity is enough to keep it from being pulled apart by Voy's tidal forces, it is insufficient to hold its atmosphere, which has been pulled loose into an independent orbit around Voy. This orbiting air forms a ring known as a gas torus. The gas torus is huge—one million kilometers thick—but most of it is too thin to be habitable. The central part of the Gas Torus, where the air is thicker, is known as the Smoke Ring. The Smoke Ring supports a wide variety of life. Robert L. Forward helped Niven calculate the parameters of the ring. There is no "ground" in the Smoke Ring; it is a world consisting entirely of sky. Thus, most animals can fly, even the fish. Furthermore, since the Smoke Ring is in orbit, it is in free fall. There is no "up" or "down", only "in" or "out" from Voy. Humans moving in the Smoke Ring use a poetic adage to aid their understanding of orbital mechanics: "East takes you Out, Out takes you West, West takes you In, In takes you East. Port and Starboard bring you back". (In the novel, the characters also say: "North and South bring you back".) Most animals have trilateral symmetry, allowing them to see in all directions. Most plants in the Smoke Ring are quite fragile, as they do not have to support their own weight. A notable exception to this rule are the Integral Trees. These are trees that are up to 100 kilometers long. Tidal locking causes them to be oriented radially, with one end pointing in toward Voy and one end pointing out. The ends of the tree experience a tidal force of up to 1⁄5 g. Each end consists of a leafy "tuft", which is where photosynthesis occurs. Each tuft of a tree is 50 kilometers from the tree's center of mass. Thus, a tuft is either orbiting too slowly (the in tuft) or too quickly (the out tuft). Since the atmosphere at either end is moving at its local orbital speed, the ends of trees are subject to a constant hurricane-force wind. This wind bends the ends into the shape of an integral symbol: ∫. The Smoke Ring was colonized 500 years prior to the beginning of the story by a crew of 20 astronauts. Their descendants have adapted to the free-fall environment by growing taller and developing prehensile toes. According to N-Space, the wings and the method of self-propelled flying featured in the novel were suggested by Isaac Asimov. ## Plot summary This book takes place about fifteen years after the end of the original story, when survivors of the Dalton-Quinn tree, a few Carther States jungle dwellers, and two London Tree Citizens have settled on a new tree. This 'Citizen's Tree' has become a stable community which some believe may be too small to survive in the long run. Kendy, the recorded personality of a citizen of "The State" who exists in the computer of the original space-ship that colonized the Smoke Ring, has become impatient. He decides to re-establish contact with Citizen's Tree. Kendy manipulates a group into making contact with "The Admiralty", a neighboring civilization at Gold's L4 Lagrange Point (which they refer to as "the Clump"). The group explores this more advanced civilization with a mixture of wonder and trepidation. Although much of the story is a sort of "travelogue" exploring the Smoke Ring and the technology used in the unique environment, The Smoke Ring does spend more time on story and character development than The Integral Trees. One of the drivers for the story follows the latest operator of "the silver suit", the Citizen's Tree's working spacesuit. Few are capable of operating the suit due to its size; due to the lack of gravity, most humans in the Smoke Ring grow too tall to fit into it. The job goes to the occasionally born "dwarves" who tend to develop into humans of Earth-normal height and build. A major sub-plot develops around the latest silver suit operator's attempts to infiltrate The Admiralty to gain information, and The Admiralty's near obsession with capturing the Citizen's Tree's spacesuit. This focuses on the story of Kendy and the original mission. The chain of events that led to the colonization of the Smoke Ring through a "mutiny" on the ship is explored. After retrieving the crew's own records of the events, Kendy realizes that the crew had not mutinied at all, and that he had forced them off the ship, believing this to be in keeping with his orders from Earth. This was apparently blocked from his memory, and he suffers a form of breakdown when he learns (or re-learns) the truth. ## Literary significance and reception The Magill Book Reviews said in 1990 that "the societies and science in the book are very well-researched. It is, however, a "hard" science fiction novel, and it has the weakness endemic to that genre – the individual characters are never satisfyingly drawn, so that the reader is somewhat distanced from them." The Library Journal said in 1987 that "the alien topography of this sequel to The Integral Trees serves as a fascinating contrast to the persistence of humanity's adventuring spirit". J. Michael Caparula reviewed The Smoke Ring in Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer No. 81. Caparula commented that "The setting is, naturally, spectacular, but a lot of the freshness has worn off. Ringworld merited a sequel, The Integral Trees did not." ## Sources - Larry Niven (1984). The Integral Trees. Del Rey. ISBN 0-345-32065-4.	enwiki/1085364	enwiki	1,085,364	The Smoke Ring (novel)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Smoke_Ring_(novel)	2025-03-29T21:22:25Z	en	Q7764931	59,414	{{Short description\|1987 novel by Larry Niven}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=March 2025}} {{infobox book \| \| name = The Smoke Ring \| title_orig = \| translator = \| image = The smoke ring.jpg \| caption = First edition \| author = [[Larry Niven]] \| illustrator = \| cover_artist = [[Michael Whelan]] \| country = United States \| language = English \| series = [[The State (Larry Niven)\|The State]] \| genre = [[Science fiction]] \| publisher = [[Del Rey Books]] \| release_date = 1987 \| english_release_date = \| media_type = Print (hardback & paperback) \| pages = 302 \| isbn = 0-345-30256-7 \| preceded_by = [[The Integral Trees]] \| followed_by_quotation_marks = [[N-Space (short story collection)\|The Kiteman]] }} '''''The Smoke Ring''''' is a 1987 [[science fiction]] novel by [[Larry Niven]]. Like much of Niven's work, the story is heavily influenced by the setting: a [[gas torus]], a ring of air around a [[neutron star]]. It is a sequel to ''[[The Integral Trees]]''. ==Setting== The story is set at the fictional neutron star Levoy's Star (abbreviated "Voy"). The [[gas giant]] Goldblatt's World (abbreviated "Gold") orbits the star just outside its [[Roche limit]]. While Gold's gravity is enough to keep it from being pulled apart by Voy's [[tidal force]]s, it is insufficient to hold its atmosphere, which has been pulled loose into an independent orbit around Voy. This orbiting air forms a ring known as a [[gas torus]]. The gas torus is huge—one [[million]] kilometers thick—but most of it is too thin to be habitable. The central part of the Gas Torus, where the air is thicker, is known as the Smoke Ring. The Smoke Ring supports a wide variety of life. [[Robert L. Forward]] helped Niven calculate the parameters of the ring. There is no "ground" in the Smoke Ring; it is a world consisting entirely of sky. Thus, most animals can fly, even the fish. Furthermore, since the Smoke Ring is in orbit, it is in [[free fall]]. There is no "up" or "down", only "in" or "out" from Voy. Humans moving in the Smoke Ring use a poetic adage to aid their understanding of orbital mechanics: "East takes you Out, Out takes you West, West takes you In, In takes you East. Port and Starboard bring you back".<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Niven\|first1=Larry\|title=Teaching Physics (and more) with Niven\|url=http://www.larryniven.net/physics/img34.shtml\|accessdate=19 January 2018}}</ref> (In the novel, the characters also say: "North and South bring you back".) [[Image:integral-tree.svg\|thumb\|Illustration of an "Integral Tree"]] Most animals have [[trilateral symmetry]], allowing them to see in all directions. Most plants in the Smoke Ring are quite fragile, as they do not have to support their own weight. A notable exception to this rule are the Integral Trees. These are trees that are up to 100 kilometers long. [[Tidal locking]] causes them to be oriented radially, with one end pointing in toward Voy and one end pointing out. The ends of the tree experience a tidal force of up to {{frac\|1\|5}} [[g-force\|''g'']]. Each end consists of a leafy "tuft", which is where photosynthesis occurs. Each tuft of a tree is 50 kilometers from the tree's [[center of mass]]. Thus, a tuft is either orbiting too slowly (the in tuft) or too quickly (the out tuft). Since the atmosphere at either end is moving at its local orbital speed, the ends of trees are subject to a constant hurricane-force wind. This wind bends the ends into the shape of an [[integral]] symbol: ∫. The Smoke Ring was colonized 500 years prior to the beginning of the story by a crew of 20 astronauts. Their descendants have adapted to the free-fall environment by growing taller and developing prehensile toes. According to ''[[N-Space (short story collection)\|N-Space]]'', the wings and the method of self-propelled flying featured in the novel were suggested by [[Isaac Asimov]]. ==Plot summary== This book takes place about fifteen years after the end of the original story, when survivors of the Dalton-Quinn tree, a few Carther States jungle dwellers, and two London Tree Citizens have settled on a new tree. This 'Citizen's Tree' has become a stable community which some believe may be too small to survive in the long run. Kendy, the recorded personality of a citizen of "[[The State (Larry Niven)\|The State]]" who exists in the computer of the original space-ship that colonized the Smoke Ring, has become impatient. He decides to re-establish contact with Citizen's Tree. Kendy manipulates a group into making contact with "The Admiralty", a neighboring civilization at Gold's L4 [[Lagrange Point]] (which they refer to as "the Clump"). The group explores this more advanced civilization with a mixture of wonder and trepidation. Although much of the story is a sort of "[[Travel journal\|travelogue]]" exploring the Smoke Ring and the technology used in the unique environment, ''The Smoke Ring'' does spend more time on story and character development than ''The Integral Trees''. One of the drivers for the story follows the latest operator of "the silver suit", the Citizen's Tree's working spacesuit. Few are capable of operating the suit due to its size; due to the lack of gravity, most humans in the Smoke Ring grow too tall to fit into it. The job goes to the occasionally born "dwarves" who tend to develop into humans of Earth-normal height and build. A major sub-plot develops around the latest silver suit operator's attempts to infiltrate The Admiralty to gain information, and The Admiralty's near obsession with capturing the Citizen's Tree's spacesuit. This focuses on the story of Kendy and the original mission. The chain of events that led to the colonization of the Smoke Ring through a "mutiny" on the ship is explored. After retrieving the crew's own records of the events, Kendy realizes that the crew had not mutinied at all, and that he had forced them off the ship, believing this to be in keeping with his orders from Earth. This was apparently blocked from his memory, and he suffers a form of breakdown when he learns (or re-learns) the truth. ==Literary significance and reception== The [[Magill Book Reviews]] said in 1990 that "the societies and science in the book are very well-researched. It is, however, a "hard" science fiction novel, and it has the weakness endemic to that genre – the individual characters are never satisfyingly drawn, so that the reader is somewhat distanced from them."<ref>{{cite journal\|date=1990-01-01\|title=The Smoke Ring\|journal=Magill Book Reviews\|issn=0890-7722}}</ref> The [[Library Journal]] said in 1987 that "the alien topography of this sequel to ''[[The Integral Trees]]'' serves as a fascinating contrast to the persistence of humanity's adventuring spirit".<ref>{{cite journal\|date=1987-04-15\|title=The Smoke Ring (Book)\|journal=Library Journal\|volume= 112\|issue= 7\|page=102\|issn=0363-0277}}</ref> J. Michael Caparula reviewed ''The Smoke Ring'' in ''[[The Space Gamer\|Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer]]'' No. 81.<ref name="SG">{{cite journal\|last=Caparula \|first=J. Michael \|date=1987\|title=Space/Fantasy Reader\|journal=[[The Space Gamer\|Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer]]\|publisher=[[Diverse Talents, Incorporated]]\|issue=81\|pages=46}}</ref> Caparula commented that "The setting is, naturally, spectacular, but a lot of the freshness has worn off. ''[[Ringworld]]'' merited a sequel, ''The Integral Trees'' did not."<ref name="SG"/> ==See also== * [[Neutron stars in fiction]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Sources== *{{cite book\|author=Larry Niven\|title=The Integral Trees\|year=1984\|publisher=Del Rey\|isbn=0-345-32065-4\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/integraltrees00nive}} {{Larry Niven}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Smoke Ring, The}} [[Category:1987 American novels]] [[Category:1987 science fiction novels]] [[Category:American science fiction novels]] [[Category:Fiction about gas giants]] [[Category:Novels by Larry Niven]] [[Category:Del Rey books]] [[Category:Ballantine Books books]] [[Category:Fiction set around neutron stars]] [[Category:Books with cover art by Michael Whelan]]	1,283,002,789	[{"title": "The Smoke Ring", "data": {"Author": "Larry Niven", "Cover artist": "Michael Whelan", "Language": "English", "Series": "The State", "Genre": "Science fiction", "Publisher": "Del Rey Books", "Publication date": "1987", "Publication place": "United States", "Media type": "Print (hardback & paperback)", "Pages": "302", "ISBN": "0-345-30256-7", "Preceded by": "The Integral Trees", "Followed by": "\"The Kiteman\""}}]	false
# Vasyl Stolyar Vasyl Stolyar (Ukrainian: Василь Столяр) (born April 11, 1962, in Lutsk) is a Ukrainian businessman and chairman of FC Volyn Lutsk. ## President of FC Volyn Lutsk In March 2000, Vasyl Stolyar founded the Junior Football School "Femida-Inter" (Lutsk), presently Junior Football School "Volyn". Since January 2001 – FC Volyn Lutsk vice-president. Holds the position of FC Volyn Lutsk president since 2003. ## Political activities Stolyar is a member of the Volyn Oblast council (the parliament of Volyn Oblast) since 2006; during the 2006 Ukrainian local elections he was elected on the list of Our Ukraine and during the 2010 Ukrainian local elections he was elected for Front of Changes. As a member of Front of Changes. On 15 June 2013 his Front for Change (party) merged into "Fatherland". ## Family Stolyar is divorced and has three sons.	enwiki/32204927	enwiki	32,204,927	Vasyl Stolyar	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasyl_Stolyar	2025-06-27T20:41:36Z	en	Q7917062	35,009	{{Short description\|Ukrainian businessman}} {{Update\|type=\|date=July 2020\|reason=}}{{Infobox person \| name = Vasyl Stolyar<br /><small>Василь Столяр</small> \| image =Vasyl Stolyar.jpg \| caption = \| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1962\|4\|11}} \| birth_place = [[Lutsk]], [[Ukrainian SSR]] \| death_date = \| death_place = \| occupation = [[Chairperson\|Chairman]], FC Volyn Lutsk \| spouse = \| website = \| children = 3 }} '''Vasyl Stolyar''' ({{langx\|uk\|Василь Столяр}}) (born April 11, 1962, in [[Lutsk]]<ref name=VPVS221211>{{in lang\|uk}} [http://www.volynpost.com/articles/26-vasyl-stoliar-poka-pechatayut-dengy-ony-u-vseh-mogut-byt-prosto-yh-nado-pravylno-podniat Василь Столяр: «Пока печатают деньги, они у всех могут быть. Просто их надо правильно поднять» ''Just raise the right's mercy''], [[Volyn Post]] (22 December 2011)</ref>) is a [[Ukraine\|Ukrainian]] businessman and chairman of [[FC Volyn Lutsk]]. == President of FC Volyn Lutsk == In March 2000, Vasyl Stolyar founded the Junior Football School "Femida-Inter" (Lutsk), presently Junior Football School "Volyn". Since January 2001 – FC Volyn Lutsk vice-president. Holds the position of FC Volyn Lutsk president since 2003.<ref name=VPVS221211/><ref name=VSVOC>{{in lang\|uk}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104655/http://volynrada.gov.ua/deputy/stolyar-vasil-andriiovich Short biography], [[Volyn Oblast council]]</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html \|title=Керівництво : ФК Волинь : www.fc.volyn.net \|website=fc.volyn.net \|access-date=13 January 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821034316/http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html \|archive-date=21 August 2008 \|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Political activities== Stolyar is a member of the [[Volyn Oblast council]] (the parliament of [[Volyn Oblast]]) since 2006; during the 2006 Ukrainian local elections he was elected on the list of [[Our Ukraine (political party)\|Our Ukraine]] and during the [[2010 Ukrainian local elections]] he was elected for [[Front of Changes]].<ref name=VPVS221211/> As a member of Front of Changes.<ref name=VSVOC/> On 15 June 2013 his Front for Change (party) merged into [[All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"\|"Fatherland"]].<ref name="mergeBatFoCROPJune2013">[http://www.interfax.co.uk/ukraine-news/sobolev-front-for-change-and-reform-and-order-party-to-join-batkivschyna/ Sobolev: Front for Change and Reform and Order Party to join Batkivschyna], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (11 June 2013)<br />[http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/news/front_for_change_reforms_and_order_to_dissolve_for_merger_with_batkivshchyna___sobolev_304988 Front for Change, Reforms and Order to dissolve for merger with Batkivshchyna - Sobolev], [[Ukrinform]] (11 June 2013)</ref> == Family == Stolyar is divorced and has three sons.<ref name=VSVOC/><ref name=VPVS221211/> == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html Vasyl Stolyar's profile on FC Volyn Lutsk official website] {{in lang\|en}} {{s-start}} {{succession box \| title=Football Federation of Volyn \| before=[[Ihor Bezuhlyi]] \| after=[[Vitaliy Kvartsianyi]] \| years=2009–2013}} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stolyar, Vasyl}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Lutsk]] [[Category:Ukrainian businesspeople]] [[Category:Front for Change (Ukraine) politicians]] [[Category:Ukrainian football chairmen and investors]] [[Category:Batkivshchyna politicians]] [[Category:FC Volyn Lutsk]] {{Ukraine-politician-stub}}	1,297,685,154	[{"title": "Vasyl Stolyar \u00b7 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440", "data": {"Born": "April 11, 1962 \u00b7 Lutsk, Ukrainian SSR", "Occupation(s)": "Chairman, FC Volyn Lutsk", "Children": "3"}}]	false
# Hugh Walpole bibliography Sir Hugh Seymour Walpole, a 20th-century English novelist, had a large and varied output. Between 1909 and 1941 he wrote thirty-six novels, five volumes of short stories, two original plays and three volumes of memoirs. His range included disturbing studies of the macabre, children's stories and historical fiction, most notably his "Herries" series, set in the Lake District. ## Books \| Title \| First published \| British publisher \| US publisher \| Notes \| Online edition \| \| ---------------------------------------------- \| --------------- \| ------------------------------ \| ------------------ \| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------------------------ \| \| The Wooden Horse \| 1909 \| Smith, Elder \| Doran \| \| The Wooden Horse at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Maradick at Forty: A Transition \| 1910 \| Smith, Elder \| Doran \| \| Maradick at Forty: A Transition at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Mr Perrin and Mr Traill \| 1911 \| Mills and Boon \| Doran \| revised for the US version as The Gods and Mr Perrin: subsequently filmed (1948). \| The Gods and Mr Perrin at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Prelude to Adventure \| 1912 \| Mills and Boon \| Doran \| \| Prelude to Adventure at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Fortitude \| 1913 \| Martin Secker \| Doran \| \| Fortitude at Project Gutenberg \| \| The Duchess of Wrexe, Her Decline and Death \| 1914 \| Martin Secker \| Doran \| \| The Duchess of Wrexe: Her Decline and Death at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Golden Scarecrow \| 1915 \| Cassell \| Doran \| short stories: - Prologue - Hugh Seymour - Henry Fitzgeorge Strether - Ernest Henry - Angelina - Bim Rochester - Nancy Ross - 'Enery - Barbara Flint - Sarah Trefusis - Young John Scarlet - Epilogue \| The Golden Scarecrow at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Dark Forest \| 1916 \| Martin Secker \| Doran \| \| The Dark Forest at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Joseph Conrad \| 1916 \| Nisbet \| Henry Holt \| Biography and criticism \| Joseph Conrad at Project Gutenberg \| \| The Green Mirror \| 1918 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| The Green Mirror at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Secret City \| 1919 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| The Secret City at Project Gutenberg \| \| Jeremy \| 1919 \| Cassell \| Doran \| \| Jeremy at Project Gutenberg \| \| The Art of James Branch Cabell \| 1920 \| – \| R M McBride \| \| \| \| The Captives \| 1920 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| The Captives at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Thirteen Travellers \| 1920 \| Hutchinson \| Doran \| short stories: - Absalom Jay - Fanny Close - The Hon Clive Torby - Miss Morganhurst - Peter Westcott - Lucy Moon - Mrs Porter and Miss Allen - Lois Drake - Mr Nix - Lizzie Rand - Nobody - Bombastes Furioso \| The Thirteen Travellers at Project Gutenberg \| \| The Young Enchanted \| 1921 \| Macmillan \| Grosset and Dunlap \| \| The Young Enchanted at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Cathedral \| 1922 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| The Cathedral at Project Gutenberg \| \| Jeremy and Hamlet \| 1923 \| Cassell \| Doran \| \| Jeremy and Hamlet at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Crystal Box \| 1924 \| Privately published by Walpole \| – \| limited edition of 150 copies \| \| \| The Old Ladies \| 1924 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| The Old Ladies at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The English Novel: Some Notes on its Evolution \| 1924 \| Cambridge University Press \| – \| not published in the US until 1970 (Folcroft edition) \| \| \| Portrait of a Man with Red Hair \| 1925 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| Portrait of a Man with Red Hair at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Harmer John \| 1926 \| Macmillan \| Doran \| \| Harmer John at Project Gutenberg Australia \| \| Reading: An Essay \| 1926 \| Jarrolds \| – \| \| \| \| Jeremy at Crale \| 1927 \| Cassell \| Doran \| \| Jeremy at Crale at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Anthony Trollope \| 1928 \| Macmillan \| Macmillan \| Biography and criticism \| \| \| My Religious Experience \| 1928 \| Benn \| – \| \| \| \| The Silver Thorn \| 1928 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| short stories: - The Little Donkeys with the Crimson Saddles - The Tiger - No Unkindness Intended - Ecstasy - A Picture - Old Elizabeth (A Portrait) - The Etching - Chinese Horses - The Tarn - Major Wilbraham - A Silly Old Fool - The Enemy - The Enemy in Ambush - The Dove - Bachelors \| The Silver Thorn: A Book of Stories at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Wintersmoon \| 1928 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Wintersmoon at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Farthing Hall \| 1929 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| with J B Priestley \| \| \| Hans Frost \| 1929 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Hans Frost at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Rogue Herries \| 1930 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Rogue Herries at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Above the Dark Circus \| 1931 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| published in the US as Above the Dark Tumult \| Above the Dark Tumult at Project Gutenberg Australia \| \| Judith Paris \| 1931 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Judith Paris at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Apple Trees: Four Reminiscences \| 1932 \| Golden Cockerel Press \| \| – \| limited edition of 500 copies \| \| The Fortress \| 1932 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Fortress at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| A Letter to a Modern Novelist \| 1932 \| Hogarth \| \| \| A Letter to a Modern Novelist at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| All Souls' Night \| 1933 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| short stories: - The Whistle - The Silver Mask - The Staircase - A Carnation for an Old Man - Tarnhelm – or The Death of my Uncle Robert - Mr Oddy - Seashore Macabre – A Moment's Experience - Lilac - The Oldest Talland - The Little Ghost - Mrs Lunt - Sentimental but True - Portrait in Shadow - The Snow - The Ruby Glass - Spanish Dusk \| All Soul's Night at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Vanessa \| 1933 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Vanessa at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Extracts from a Diary \| 1934 \| Privately published by Walpole \| \| \| \| \| Captain Nicholas \| 1934 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Captain Nicholas at Project Gutenberg Australia \| \| Cathedral Carol Service \| 1934 \| Faber and Faber \| – \| an episode from "The Inquisitor" \| \| \| The Inquisitor \| 1935 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Inquisitor at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Claude Houghton: Appreciations \| 1935 \| Heinemann \| – \| with Clemence Dane \| \| \| A Prayer for My Son \| 1936 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| A Prayer for my Son at Project Gutenberg Australia \| \| John Cornelius: His Life and Adventures \| 1937 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| John Cornelius... at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Head in Green Bronze and Other Stories \| 1938 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| short stories: - Head in Green Bronze - The German - The Exile - The Train - The Haircut - Let The Bores Tremble - The Honey-Box - The Fear of Death - The Field with Five Trees - Having No Hearts - The Conjurer \| Head in Green Bronze at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Joyful Delaneys \| 1938 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Joyful Delaneys at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Sea Tower \| 1939 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Sea Tower at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Roman Fountain \| 1940 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| Roman Fountain at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Bright Pavilions \| 1940 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Bright Pavilions at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| The Blind Man's House \| 1941 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Blind Man's House at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Open Letter of an Optimist \| 1941 \| Macmillan \| – \| \| \| \| The Killer and the Slain \| 1942 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| \| The Killer and the Slain at Project Gutenberg Australia \| \| Katherine Christian \| 1943 \| Macmillan \| Doubleday \| UK publication 1944 \| Katherine Christian at Faded Page (Canada) \| \| Mr Huffam and Other Stories \| 1948 \| Macmillan \| \| short stories: - The White Cat - The Train to the Sea - The Perfect Close - Service for the Blind - The Faithful Servant - Miss Thom - Women are Motherly - The Beard - The Last Trump - Green Tie - The Church in the Snow - Mr Huffam – A Christmas Story \| Mr Huffam and Other Stories at the Internet Archive \| ### Book series Some of Walpole's stories were parts of series with related themes: - The London Novels were Fortitude, The Duchess of Wrexe, The Green Mirror, The Captives, The Young Enchanted, Wintersmoon, Hans Frost and Captain Nicholas. - Scenes from Provincial Life included The Cathedral, The Old Ladies, Harmer John and The Inquisitor. - The Herries Chronicle comprises Rogue Herries, Judith Paris, The Fortress and Vanessa. Two later Herries books were The Bright Pavilions and Katherine Christian. - The Jeremy stories were Jeremy, Jeremy and Hamlet and Jeremy at Crale. - Four Fantastic Tales were Maradick at Forty, Prelude to Adventure, Portrait of a Man with Red Hair and Above the Dark Circus. ## Short stories The following stories appeared in The Windsor Magazine: - "The Dog and the Dragon in Reminiscence" (October 1923) - "Red Amber" (December 1923) - "The Garrulous Diplomatist" (December 1924) - "The Adventure of Mrs Farbman" (January 1925) - "The Adventure of the Imaginative Child" (February 1925) - "The Happy Optimist" (March 1925) - "The Dyspeptic Critic" (April 1925) - "The Man Who Lost His Identity" (May 1925) - "The Adventure of the Beautiful Things" (June 1925) - "The War Babies are Growing Up!" (November 1934) ## Other works ### Plays - The Young Huntress, 1933 - The Cathedral (adaptation of his 1922 novel), 1936 - The Haxtons, 1939 ### Editor In 1932 Walpole edited The Waverley Pageant: Best Passages from the Novels of Sir Walter Scott. In 1937 he edited a compilation of short stories, A Second Century of Creepy Stories (Hutchinson, 1937), by a range of writers including Guy de Maupassant, M. R. James, Henry James, Walter de la Mare, Oliver Onions, Walpole himself ("Tarnhelm") and twenty-one others.	enwiki/41554227	enwiki	41,554,227	Hugh Walpole bibliography	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Walpole_bibliography	2025-07-06T21:24:25Z	en	Q17154724	80,881	{{EngvarB\|date=June 2017}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2017}} '''[[Hugh Walpole\|Sir Hugh Seymour Walpole]]''', a 20th-century English novelist, had a large and varied output. Between 1909 and 1941 he wrote thirty-six novels, five volumes of short stories, two original plays and three volumes of memoirs. His range included disturbing studies of the macabre, children's stories and historical fiction, most notably his "Herries" series, set in the Lake District. ==Books== {\| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: left; margin-right: 0;" ! scope="col" \|Title ! scope="col" \|First published ! scope="col" \|British publisher ! scope="col" \|US publisher ! scope="col" class="unsortable" \|Notes ! scope="col" \|Online edition \|- valign="top" \| ''The Wooden Horse'' \| 1909 \| [[Smith, Elder & Co.\|Smith, Elder]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150614\|name=The Wooden Horse}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Maradick at Forty: A Transition'' \| 1910 \| [[Smith, Elder & Co.\|Smith, Elder]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20141112\|name=Maradick at Forty: A Transition}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Mr Perrin and Mr Traill'' \| 1911 \| [[Mills and Boon]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| revised for the US version as ''The Gods and Mr Perrin'': [[Mr. Perrin and Mr. Traill\|subsequently filmed (1948)]]. \|{{FadedPage\|id=20171025\|name=The Gods and Mr Perrin}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Prelude to Adventure'' \| 1912 \| [[Mills and Boon]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20170404\|name=Prelude to Adventure}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Fortitude'' \| 1913 \| [[Martin Secker]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=7887\|name=Fortitude}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Duchess of Wrexe, Her Decline and Death'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iaJHAAAAYAAJ ''The Duchess of Wrexe''] (1914)</ref> \| 1914 \| [[Martin Secker]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150615\|name=The Duchess of Wrexe: Her Decline and Death}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Golden Scarecrow'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5_0nAAAAMAAJ ''The Golden Scarecrow''] (1915)</ref> \| 1915 \| [[Cassell (publisher)\|Cassell]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| short stories:{{smalldiv\| Prologue Hugh Seymour Henry Fitzgeorge Strether Ernest Henry Angelina Bim Rochester Nancy Ross 'Enery Barbara Flint Sarah Trefusis Young John Scarlet Epilogue }} \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150612\|name=The Golden Scarecrow}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Dark Forest'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=o6ysmQ0EH9gC ''The Dark Forest''] (1916)</ref> \| 1916 \| [[Martin Secker]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150613\|name=The Dark Forest}} \|- valign="top" \| ''[[Joseph Conrad]]'' \| 1916 \| Nisbet \| [[Henry Holt and Company\|Henry Holt]] \| Biography and criticism \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=52453\|name=Joseph Conrad}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Green Mirror'' \| 1918 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150337\|name=The Green Mirror}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Secret City'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=M301AAAAMAAJ ''The Secret City''] (1919)</ref> \| 1919 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=12349\|name=The Secret City}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Jeremy'' \| 1919 \| [[Cassell (publisher)\|Cassell]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=3474\|name=Jeremy}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Art of [[James Branch Cabell]]'' \| 1920 \| – \| R M McBride \| \| \|- valign="top" \| ''The Captives'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXw1AAAAMAAJ ''The Captives''] (1920)</ref> \| 1920 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150611\|name=The Captives}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Thirteen Travellers'' \| 1920 \| [[Hutchinson (publisher)\|Hutchinson]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| short stories:{{smalldiv\| Absalom Jay Fanny Close The Hon Clive Torby Miss Morganhurst Peter Westcott Lucy Moon Mrs Porter and Miss Allen Lois Drake Mr Nix Lizzie Rand Nobody Bombastes Furioso }} \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=60278\|name=The Thirteen Travellers}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Young Enchanted'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=tr3TAAAAMAAJ ''The Young Enchanted''] (1921)</ref> \| 1921 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Grosset & Dunlap\|Grosset and Dunlap]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20131101\|name=The Young Enchanted}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Cathedral'' <ref> [https://books.google.com/books?id=ouO8T7uxnwIC ''The Cathedral''] (1922)</ref> \| 1922 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{Gutenberg\|bullet=none\|no=8135\|name=The Cathedral}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Jeremy and [[Hamlet]]'' \| 1923 \| [[Cassell (publisher)\|Cassell]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150705\|name=Jeremy and Hamlet}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Crystal Box'' \| 1924 \| Privately published by Walpole \| – \| limited edition of 150 copies \| \|- valign="top" \| ''The Old Ladies'' \| 1924 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20161206\|name=The Old Ladies}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The English Novel: Some Notes on its Evolution'' \| 1924 \| [[Cambridge University Press]] \| – \| not published in the US until 1970 (Folcroft edition) \| \|- valign="top" \| ''Portrait of a Man with Red Hair'' \| 1925 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20150660\|name=Portrait of a Man with Red Hair}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Harmer John'' \| 1926 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{Gutenberg Australia \|id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole \|name=Harmer John}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Reading: An Essay'' \| 1926 \| Jarrolds \| – \| \| \|- valign="top" \| ''Jeremy at Crale'' \| 1927 \| [[Cassell (publisher)\|Cassell]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doran]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20121213\|name=Jeremy at Crale}} \|- valign="top" \| ''[[Anthony Trollope]]'' \| 1928 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| Biography and criticism \| \|- valign="top" \| ''My Religious Experience'' \| 1928 \| Benn \| – \| \| \|- valign="top" \| ''The Silver Thorn'' \| 1928 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| short stories:{{smalldiv\| The Little Donkeys with the Crimson Saddles The Tiger No Unkindness Intended Ecstasy A Picture Old Elizabeth (A Portrait) The Etching Chinese Horses The Tarn Major Wilbraham A Silly Old Fool The Enemy The Enemy in Ambush The Dove Bachelors }} \|{{FadedPage\|id=20160906\|name=The Silver Thorn: A Book of Stories}} \|- valign="top" \| ''[[Wintersmoon]]'' \| 1928 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20121220\|name=Wintersmoon}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Farthing Hall'' \| 1929 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| with J B Priestley \| \|- valign="top" \| ''Hans Frost'' \| 1929 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140317\|name=Hans Frost}} \|- valign="top" \| ''[[Rogue Herries]]'' \| 1930 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140405\|name=Rogue Herries}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Above the Dark Circus'' \| 1931 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| published in the US as ''Above the Dark Tumult'' \|{{Gutenberg Australia \|id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole \|name=Above the Dark Tumult}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Judith Paris'' \| 1931 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20130844\|name=Judith Paris}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Apple Trees: Four Reminiscences'' \| 1932 \| [[Golden Cockerel Press]] \| \| – \|limited edition of 500 copies \|- valign="top" \| ''The Fortress'' \| 1932 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140914\|name=The Fortress}} \|- valign="top" \| ''A Letter to a Modern Novelist'' \| 1932 \| [[Hogarth Press\|Hogarth]] \| \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20191219\|name=A Letter to a Modern Novelist}} \|- valign="top" \| ''All Souls' Night'' \| 1933 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| short stories:{{smalldiv\| The Whistle The Silver Mask The Staircase A Carnation for an Old Man Tarnhelm – or The Death of my Uncle Robert Mr Oddy Seashore Macabre – A Moment's Experience Lilac The Oldest Talland The Little Ghost Mrs Lunt Sentimental but True Portrait in Shadow The Snow The Ruby Glass Spanish Dusk }} \|{{FadedPage\|id=20170303\|name=All Soul's Night}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Vanessa'' \| 1933 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140437\|name=Vanessa}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Extracts from a Diary'' \| 1934 \| Privately published by Walpole \| \| \| \|- valign="top" \| ''Captain Nicholas'' \| 1934 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{Gutenberg Australia \|id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole \|name=Captain Nicholas}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Cathedral Carol Service '' \| 1934 \| Faber and Faber \| – \| an episode from "The Inquisitor" \| \|- valign="top" \| ''The Inquisitor'' \| 1935 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20130417\|name=The Inquisitor}} \|- valign="top" \| ''[[Claude Houghton]]: Appreciations'' \| 1935 \| [[Heinemann (publisher)\|Heinemann]] \| – \| with [[Clemence Dane]] \| \|- valign="top" \| ''A Prayer for My Son'' \| 1936 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{Gutenberg Australia \|id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole \|name=A Prayer for my Son}} \|- valign="top" \| ''John Cornelius: His Life and Adventures'' \| 1937 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20171011\|name=John Cornelius...}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Head in Green Bronze and Other Stories'' \| 1938 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \|short stories:{{smalldiv\| Head in Green Bronze The German The Exile The Train The Haircut Let The Bores Tremble The Honey-Box The Fear of Death The Field with Five Trees Having No Hearts The Conjurer }} \|{{FadedPage\|id=20160705\|name=Head in Green Bronze}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Joyful Delaneys'' \| 1938 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20160615\|name=The Joyful Delaneys}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Sea Tower'' \| 1939 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20170432\|name=The Sea Tower}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Roman Fountain'' \| 1940 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \| {{FadedPage\|id=20190534\|name=Roman Fountain}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Bright Pavilions'' \| 1940 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140205\|name=The Bright Pavilions}} \|- valign="top" \| ''The Blind Man's House'' \| 1941 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{FadedPage\|id=20121212\|name=The Blind Man's House}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Open Letter of an Optimist'' \| 1941 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| – \| \| \|- valign="top" \| ''[[The Killer and the Slain]]'' \| 1942 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| \|{{Gutenberg Australia \|id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole \|name=The Killer and the Slain}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Katherine Christian'' \| 1943 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| [[Doubleday (publisher)\|Doubleday]] \| UK publication 1944 \|{{FadedPage\|id=20140303\|name=Katherine Christian}} \|- valign="top" \| ''Mr Huffam and Other Stories'' \| 1948 \| [[Macmillan Publishers\|Macmillan]] \| \|short stories:{{smalldiv\| The White Cat The Train to the Sea The Perfect Close Service for the Blind The Faithful Servant Miss Thom Women are Motherly The Beard The Last Trump Green Tie The Church in the Snow Mr Huffam – A Christmas Story }} \|{{Internet Archive\|id=in.ernet.dli.2015.462448\|name=Mr Huffam and Other Stories}} \|} ===Book series=== {{anchor\|Book series}} Some of Walpole's stories were parts of series with related themes: The ''London Novels'' were ''Fortitude'', ''The Duchess of Wrexe'', ''The Green Mirror'', ''The Captives'', ''The Young Enchanted'', ''Wintersmoon'', ''Hans Frost'' and ''Captain Nicholas''. ''Scenes from Provincial Life'' included ''The Cathedral'', ''The Old Ladies'', ''Harmer John'' and ''The Inquisitor''. ''The Herries Chronicle'' comprises ''[[Rogue Herries]]'', ''Judith Paris'', ''The Fortress'' and ''Vanessa''. Two later Herries books were ''The Bright Pavilions'' and ''Katherine Christian''. The Jeremy stories were ''Jeremy'', ''Jeremy and Hamlet'' and ''Jeremy at Crale''. ''Four Fantastic Tales'' were ''Maradick at Forty'', ''Prelude to Adventure'', ''Portrait of a Man with Red Hair'' and ''Above the Dark Circus''. ==Short stories== The following stories appeared in ''[[The Windsor Magazine]]'': "The Dog and the Dragon in Reminiscence" (October 1923) * "Red Amber" (December 1923) * "The Garrulous Diplomatist" (December 1924) * "The Adventure of Mrs Farbman" (January 1925) * "The Adventure of the Imaginative Child" (February 1925) * "The Happy Optimist" (March 1925) * "The Dyspeptic Critic" (April 1925) * "The Man Who Lost His Identity" (May 1925) * "The Adventure of the Beautiful Things" (June 1925) * "The War Babies are Growing Up!" (November 1934) ==Other works== === Plays === * ''The Young Huntress'', 1933 * ''The Cathedral'' (adaptation of his 1922 novel), 1936 * ''The Haxtons'', 1939 === Editor === In 1932 Walpole edited ''The Waverley Pageant: Best Passages from the Novels of Sir Walter Scott''. In 1937 he edited a compilation of short stories, ''A Second Century of Creepy Stories'' (Hutchinson, 1937), by a range of writers including [[Guy de Maupassant]], [[M. R. James]], Henry James, [[Walter de la Mare]], [[Oliver Onions]], Walpole himself ("Tarnhelm") and twenty-one others.<ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3011435 "A Second Century of Creepy Stories"] WorldCat. Retrieved 23 November 2013</ref> ==Notes== {{reflist\|2}} ==Sources== {{cite book \| last=Hart-Davis \| first=Rupert \| year=1997\| orig-date=1952\| title=Hugh Walpole \|pages=481–483\|location=Stroud, Gloucestershire \|publisher=Sutton\| isbn=0750914912}} [http://galenet.galegroup.com "Hugh Walpole"], ''Contemporary Authors Online'', Gale Group. Retrieved 23 November 2013 {{subscription required}} [http://wwwukwhoswhocom/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U233081 "Walpole, Sir Hugh Seymour"], Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2007 online edition, Oxford University Press, December 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2013 {{subscription required}} [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AHugh+Walpole&fq=yr%3A1909..1945+%3E&qt=advanced&dblist=638 "Hugh Walpole"], [[WorldCat]]. Retrieved 5 January 2014 ==External links== * {{StandardEbooks\|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/hugh-walpole\|Display Name=Hugh Walpole}} [[Category:20th-century English novelists]] [[Category:20th-century English male writers]]	1,299,157,125	[]	false
# Fred Kijek Bronislaus "Fred" Kijek (1919-1986) was a Grey Cup champion and All-Star fullback in the early days of Canadian football. He was also an excellent punter and flying wing. The son of Joseph Kijek and Mary Buita, Kijek was a well traveled football player. During World War II he played with his hometown Hamilton Tigers, the Toronto Argonauts (playing five regular season and two playoff games), the Toronto RCAF Hurricanes (with whom he won his first Grey Cup), and the Camp Borden RCAF Fliers. He played for the Toronto Indians for a couple of seasons, then joined the inaugural Montreal Alouettes team in 1946. He won his second Grey Cup with them in 1949, his "terrific" punting being a key to victory. He returned home for his final two seasons with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Kijek was twice an Ontario Rugby Football Union all star. He died on March 21, 1986.	enwiki/33830312	enwiki	33,830,312	Fred Kijek	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Kijek	2025-05-02T17:12:39Z	en	Q5495660	41,303	{{Infobox gridiron football person \| name = Fred Kijek \| image = \| alt = \| caption = \| birth_date = October 4, 1919 \| birth_place = [[Hamilton, Ontario]], Canada \| death_date = March 21, 1986 \| death_place = \| team = \| number = \| status = \| position1 = Fullback \| position2 = Punter \| position3 = Flying Wing \| height_ft = \| height_in = \| weight_lb = \| playing_years1 = 1940 \| playing_team1 = [[Hamilton Tigers]] \| playing_years2 = 1941 \| playing_team2 = [[Toronto Argonauts]] \| playing_years3 = 1942–1943 \| playing_team3 = [[Toronto RCAF Hurricanes]] \| playing_years4 = 1944 \| playing_team4 = [[Camp Borden RCAF Fliers]] \| playing_years5 = 1945–1946 \| playing_team5 = [[Toronto Indians]] \| playing_years6 = 1947–1949 \| playing_team6 = [[Montreal Alouettes]] \| playing_years7 = 1950–1951 \| playing_team7 = [[Hamilton Tiger-Cats]] \| career_highlights = * 2× [[Grey Cup]] champion ([[30th Grey Cup\|1942]], [[37th Grey Cup\|1949]]) \| CFLAllStar = 1942, 1945 \| honors = }} '''Bronislaus "Fred" Kijek''' (1919-1986) was a [[Grey Cup]] champion and All-Star fullback in the early days of [[Canadian football]]. He was also an excellent punter and flying wing. The son of Joseph Kijek and Mary Buita, Kijek was a well traveled football player. During [[World War II]] he played with his hometown [[Hamilton Tigers]], the [[Toronto Argonauts]] (playing five regular season and two playoff games), the [[Toronto RCAF Hurricanes]] (with whom he won his first [[30th Grey Cup\|Grey Cup]]), and the [[Camp Borden RCAF Fliers]]. He played for the [[Toronto Indians]] for a couple of seasons, then joined the inaugural [[Montreal Alouettes]] team in 1946. He won his second [[37th Grey Cup\|Grey Cup]] with them in 1949, his "terrific" punting being a key to victory.<ref>Montreal Alouettes Pack Power, Passing, Speed [[Ottawa Citizen]], November 23, 1949</ref> He returned home for his final two seasons with the [[Hamilton Tiger-Cats]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.cflapedia.com/Players/k/kijek_fred.htm \|website=CFLapedia.com \|title=Profile: Fred Kijek \|access-date=August 18, 2023}}</ref> Kijek was twice an [[Ontario Rugby Football Union]] all star. He died on March 21, 1986. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{30th Grey Cup}} {{37th Grey Cup}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kijek, Fred}}{{Canadianfootball-runningback-stub}} [[Category:1919 births]] [[Category:1986 deaths]] [[Category:Montreal Alouettes players]] [[Category:Toronto Argonauts players]] [[Category:Hamilton Tiger-Cats players]] [[Category:Hamilton Tigers football players]] [[Category:Ontario Rugby Football Union players]] [[Category:Players of Canadian football from Ontario]] [[Category:Canadian football people from Hamilton, Ontario]]	1,288,440,690	[{"title": "Fred Kijek", "data": {"Date of birth": "October 4, 1919", "Place of birth": "Hamilton, Ontario, Canada", "Date of death": "March 21, 1986"}}, {"title": "Career information", "data": {"Position(s)": "FB/P/Flying Wing"}}, {"title": "As player", "data": {"1940": "Hamilton Tigers", "1941": "Toronto Argonauts", "1942\u20131943": "Toronto RCAF Hurricanes", "1944": "Camp Borden RCAF Fliers", "1945\u20131946": "Toronto Indians", "1947\u20131949": "Montreal Alouettes", "1950\u20131951": "Hamilton Tiger-Cats"}}, {"title": "Career highlights and awards", "data": {"Career highlights and awards": "- 2\u00d7 Grey Cup champion (1942, 1949)", "CFL All-Star": "1942, 1945"}}]	false
# Bagaduce River The Bagaduce River is a tidal river in the Hancock County, Maine that empties into Penobscot Bay near the town of Castine. From the confluence of Black Brook and the outflow of Walker Pond (44°21′16″N 68°40′41″W / 44.3544°N 68.6781°W), the river runs about 14 miles (23 km) north, northwest, and southwest, forming the border between Brooksville on its left bank and Sedgwick, Penobscot, and Castine on its right. In 2014, residents of Penobscot raised concerns over the rapidly growing oyster farming on the Bagaduce River.	enwiki/23587854	enwiki	23,587,854	Bagaduce River	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagaduce_River	2025-07-06T22:52:58Z	en	Q4841399	85,015	{{Use American English\|date=February 2025}} {{Infobox river \| name = Bagaduce River \| image = Bagaduce River.jpg \| image_size = \| image_caption = [[Maine State Route 175\|ME Route 175]]/[[Maine State Route 176\|176]] crosses the Bagaduce River \| source1_location = [[Maine]] \| mouth_location = [[Penobscot Bay]] \| mouth_coordinates = {{coord\|44.377\|-68.814\|region:US-ME\|format=dms\|display=inline,title}} \| subdivision_type1 = Country \| subdivision_name1 = [[United States]] \|length_mi=14 \| source1_elevation = \| mouth_elevation = [[sea level]] \| discharge1_avg = \| basin_size = }} The '''Bagaduce River''' is a [[tidal river]] in the [[Hancock County, Maine\|Hancock County]], [[Maine]] that empties into [[Penobscot Bay]] near the town of [[Castine, Maine\|Castine]]. From the confluence of Black Brook and the outflow of Walker Pond ({{coord\|44.3544\|-68.6781 \|format=dms \|type:river_region:US-ME \|name= Bagaduce River source}}), the river runs about {{convert\|14\|mi}}<ref name=NHD>U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. [http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ The National Map] {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329155652/http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ \|date=2012-03-29 }}, accessed June 22, 2011</ref> north, northwest, and southwest, forming the border between [[Brooksville, Maine\|Brooksville]] on its left bank and [[Sedgwick, Maine\|Sedgwick]], [[Penobscot, Maine\|Penobscot]], and [[Castine, Maine\|Castine]] on its right. In 2014, residents of Penobscot raised concerns over the rapidly growing [[oyster farming]] on the Bagaduce River.<ref name="Oysterfarming">{{cite news\|url=http://bangordailynews.com/video/increased-oyster-farming-on-the-bagaduce-river-raises-concerns-for-area-residents/\|title=Increased oyster farming on the Bagaduce River raises concerns for area residents\|work=[[Bangor Daily News]]\|access-date=4 August 2014}}</ref> ==See also== [[List of rivers of Maine]] ==External links== [https://bagaducewatershed.org/ Bagaduce Watershed Association] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{cite gnis \|id=561431 \|name= Bagaduce River \|entrydate=30 September 1980 \|access-date=2010-05-18 }} [http://waterdata.usgs.gov/me/nwis/current/?type=flow Maine Streamflow Data from the USGS] *[https://www.epa.gov/waterdata/hows-my-waterway Maine Watershed Data From Environmental Protection Agency] {{Rivers of Maine}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Penobscot Bay]] [[Category:Rivers of Hancock County, Maine]] [[Category:Rivers of Maine]] [[Category:Brooksville, Maine]] {{Maine-river-stub}}	1,299,172,252	[{"title": "Location", "data": {"Country": "United States"}}, {"title": "Physical characteristics", "data": {"\u2022 location": ["Maine", "Penobscot Bay"], "\u2022 coordinates": "44\u00b022\u203237\u2033N 68\u00b048\u203250\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff44.377\u00b0N 68.814\u00b0W", "\u2022 elevation": "sea level", "Length": "14 mi (23 km)"}}]	false
# Jacob Landau (academic) Jacob M. Landau (20 March 1924 – 12 November 2020) was Professor Emeritus in the Department of Political Science (in the field of Middle Eastern Studies) at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. ## Biography Landau was born on 20 March 1924 in Chișinău, Bessarabia (modern Moldova), which he left in 1935, moving to Palestine with his parents, Miriam and Michael Landau. They settled in Tel Aviv, where he studied at the Herzliya Gymnasium, ending his school career in 1942. He took his B.A. and M.A. in 1942–1946 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in history and Arabic studies. His M.A. thesis researched the nationalist movement in modern Egypt. It was supervised by Professor Richard Michael Koebner. For his Ph.D. studies he went to the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. His Ph.D. dissertation there was on parliaments and parties in Egypt (published in book form in 1953). His supervisor was Professor Bernard Lewis. Returning to Israel in 1949, he first taught history and the Arabic language at the Hebrew University's experimental high school from 1949 to 1958, interrupting this to take up a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard University with Professor H. A. R. Gibb in 1955–1956. During that year he was also visiting lecturer in modern Middle East history at Brandeis University. ## Academic career In 1958 he joined the Hebrew University's department of political science where he lectured until 1993 when he left as a full professor emeritus. During those years he also served as a part-time professor of political science at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israel, in addition to the Hebrew University. He also served as visiting professor at foreign universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. Landau was one of the founders of the Israel Oriental Society in 1949 and served as its first secretary. Member of the Israel Association of Political Science and its president in 1993–1998. Also member of the Centre International des Etudes Pré-Ottomanes et Ottomanes (Paris), honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara) and others. Member of the editorial board of several journals and of the central editorial committee of the Encyclopedia Judaica, 2nd edition. ## Awards and recognition Research prizes by the Ben Zvi Institute (Jerusalem), Itzhak Grünbaum (Tel-Aviv), silver medals from Boğaziçi University (Istanbul) and the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara), and the Israel Prize in Middle Eastern Research (2005). ## Research Landau's main themes of research are Ottoman and Middle Eastern ideologies and nationalist movements, political radicalism, minorities, pan-Islam, pan-Turkism, politics and language in Central Asia. His published works are 23 books (selected list below). He has also edited 12 books and has written numerous book-reviews in specialized journals and various encyclopedias. His books and articles were published in ten different languages: Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Russian and Chinese (see his Bibliography of Published Works, 2015). ## Published works 1. Parliaments and Parties in Egypt. Jerusalem: The Israel Oriental Society, 1953. Second edition, New York: Praeger, 1954. Also in Arabic, Cairo and Beirut: 1975. 2. Studies in the Arab Theater. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1958. Also in French, Paris: 1965. Also in Arabic, Cairo: 1972. 3. A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1959. 4. The Israeli Communist Party and the Elections for the Fifth Knesset, 1961. Stanford, CA: The Hoover Institution, 1956 (=Hoover Institution Studies, 9) (with Professor M.M. Czudnowski). 5. Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. New York: New York University Press, 1969. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1967. 6. Arabische Literaturgeschichte. Zürich: Artemis Verlag, 1968. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv, 1970. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1994. Second edition, (T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları), 2002 (with Professor H.A.R. Gibb). 7. The Arabs in Israel: A Political Study. London: Oxford University Press, under the Auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1969, reprinted 1970. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1971. 8. The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage: A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1971. 9. Middle Eastern Themes: Papers in History and Politics. London: Frank Cass, 1973. 10. Radical Politics in Modern Turkey. Leiden: Brill, 1974. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1978. 11. Politics and Islam: The National Salvation Party in Turkey. Salt Lake City, Utah: The University of Utah, 1976. 12. Abdul-Hamid's Palestine. London: André Deutsch, 1979. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1979. 13. Pan-Turkism in Turkey: A Study of Irredentism. London: C. Hurst, 1981. Second enlarged edition, 1995. Also in Greek, Athens: 1985. Also in Chinese, Urumchi: 1992. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1999. Also in Persian (farsi), Tehran: 2024 (fifth edition). 14. Tekinalp, Turkish Patriot 1883–1961. Istanbul and Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1984. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1996. 15. The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Second edition, 1994. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1993. 16. The Arab Minority in Israel, 1967–1991: Political Aspects. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1993. 17. Arabisches Volkstheater in Kairo im Jahre 1909: Ahmad IlFār und seine Schwaenke. Beirut and Stuttgart: Steiner Verlag, 1993 (=Bibliotheca Islamica, 38) (with Professor M. Woidich). 18. Jews, Arabs, Turks. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993. 19. Hebrew-Arabic Proverbs. Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv: Schocken, 1998 (with Dr. David Sagiv). Second edition, 2002. 20. The Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim States (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. 21. Exploring Ottoman and Turkish History. London: Hurst, 2004. 22. Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). London: I.B. Tauris, 2012. Also in Russian, Moscow: 2015. ## Bibliography Jacob M. Landau, Bibliography of published works. J. M. Landau, Jerusalem: 2015 (690 items). ## Mentioned In - Who's Who in World Jewry, 1965, New York - Who's Who in Israel, 1966–67, Tel Aviv - Who's Who in Israel, 2001, Tel-Aviv - Contemporary Authors 1968, Detroit - Dictionary of International Biography, 1968, London - Marquis’ Who's Who in the World, Chicago - Asia's Who's Who of Men and Women of Achievement, Delhi - Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ansiklopedisi, 1985, Istanbul - Guide to the Scholars of the History and Culture of Central Asia, 1995, Cambridge, MA - 2000 Outstanding Scholars of the Twentieth Century, 2000, Cambridge, UK - The International Directory of Distinguished Leadership, 2000, Raleigh, North Carolina - The Contemporary Who's Who, 2003, Raleigh, North Carolina - Encyclopaedia Judaica, Second edition, Volume 12, p. 463	enwiki/49588668	enwiki	49,588,668	Jacob Landau (academic)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Landau_(academic)	2025-07-08T18:20:02Z	en	Q350521	34,220	{{Short description\|Israeli political scientist (1924–2020)}} {{Other people\|\|Jack Landau (disambiguation){{!}}Jack Landau\|Jacob Landau (disambiguation){{!}}Jacob Landau}} {{more citations needed\|date=June 2017}} [[File:Jacob M Landau.jpg\|thumb\|Jacob M. Landau, 2005]] '''Jacob M. Landau''' (20 March 1924 – 12 November 2020) was [[Professor Emeritus]] in the Department of Political Science (in the field of Middle Eastern Studies) at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]. == Biography == Landau was born on 20 March 1924 in [[Chișinău]], [[Bessarabia]] (modern [[Moldova]]), which he left in 1935, moving to Palestine with his parents, Miriam and Michael Landau. They settled in Tel Aviv, where he studied at the [[Herzliya Gymnasium]], ending his school career in 1942. He took his B.A. and M.A. in 1942–1946 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in history and Arabic studies. His M.A. thesis researched the nationalist movement in modern Egypt. It was supervised by Professor Richard Michael Koebner. For his Ph.D. studies he went to the [[SOAS, University of London\|School of Oriental and African Studies]] in London. His Ph.D. dissertation there was on parliaments and parties in Egypt (published in book form in 1953). His supervisor was Professor [[Bernard Lewis]]. Returning to Israel in 1949, he first taught history and the Arabic language at the Hebrew University's experimental high school from 1949 to 1958, interrupting this to take up a post-doctoral fellowship at [[Harvard University]] with Professor [[H. A. R. Gibb]] in 1955–1956. During that year he was also visiting lecturer in modern Middle East history at [[Brandeis University]]. ==Academic career== In 1958 he joined the Hebrew University's department of political science where he lectured until 1993 when he left as a full professor emeritus. During those years he also served as a part-time professor of political science at [[Bar-Ilan University]] in Ramat-Gan, Israel, in addition to the Hebrew University. He also served as visiting professor at foreign universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. Landau was one of the founders of the Israel Oriental Society in 1949 and served as its first secretary. Member of the Israel Association of Political Science and its president in 1993–1998. Also member of the Centre International des Etudes Pré-Ottomanes et Ottomanes (Paris), honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara) and others. Member of the editorial board of several journals and of the central editorial committee of the ''[[Encyclopedia Judaica]]'', 2nd edition. == Awards and recognition== Research prizes by the [[Ben Zvi Institute]] (Jerusalem), Itzhak Grünbaum (Tel-Aviv), silver medals from [[Boğaziçi University]] (Istanbul) and the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara), and the [[Israel Prize]] in Middle Eastern Research (2005). == Research == Landau's main themes of research are Ottoman and Middle Eastern ideologies and nationalist movements, political radicalism, minorities, [[Pan-Islamism\|pan-Islam]], [[pan-Turkism]], politics and language in [[Central Asia]]. His published works are 23 books (selected list below). He has also edited 12 books and has written numerous book-reviews in specialized journals and various encyclopedias. His books and articles were published in ten different languages: Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Russian and Chinese (see his Bibliography of Published Works, 2015). == Published works == # ''Parliaments and Parties in Egypt''. Jerusalem: The Israel Oriental Society, 1953. Second edition, New York: Praeger, 1954. Also in Arabic, Cairo and Beirut: 1975. # ''Studies in the Arab Theater''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1958. Also in French, Paris: 1965. Also in Arabic, Cairo: 1972. # ''A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose''. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1959. # ''The Israeli Communist Party and the Elections for the Fifth Knesset, 1961''. Stanford, CA: The Hoover Institution, 1956 (=Hoover Institution Studies, 9) (with Professor M.M. Czudnowski). # ''Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt''. New York: New York University Press, 1969. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1967. # ''Arabische Literaturgeschichte''. Zürich: Artemis Verlag, 1968. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv, 1970. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1994. Second edition, (T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları), 2002 (with Professor H.A.R. Gibb). # ''The Arabs in Israel: A Political Study''. London: Oxford University Press, under the Auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1969, reprinted 1970. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1971. # ''The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage: A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda''. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1971. # ''Middle Eastern Themes: Papers in History and Politics''. London: Frank Cass, 1973. # ''Radical Politics in Modern Turkey''. Leiden: Brill, 1974. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1978. # ''Politics and Islam: The National Salvation Party in Turkey''. Salt Lake City, Utah: The University of Utah, 1976. # ''Abdul-Hamid's Palestine''. London: André Deutsch, 1979. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1979. # ''Pan-Turkism in Turkey: A Study of Irredentism''. London: C. Hurst, 1981. Second enlarged edition, 1995. Also in Greek, Athens: 1985. Also in Chinese, Urumchi: 1992. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1999. Also in Persian (farsi), Tehran: 2024 (fifth edition). # ''Tekinalp, Turkish Patriot 1883–1961''. Istanbul and Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1984. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1996. # ''The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Second edition, 1994. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1993. # ''The Arab Minority in Israel, 1967–1991: Political Aspects''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1993. # ''Arabisches Volkstheater in Kairo im Jahre 1909: Ahmad IlFār und seine Schwaenke''. Beirut and Stuttgart: Steiner Verlag, 1993 (=Bibliotheca Islamica, 38) (with Professor M. Woidich). # ''Jews, Arabs, Turks''. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993. # ''Hebrew-Arabic Proverbs''. Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv: Schocken, 1998 (with Dr. [[David Sagiv]]). Second edition, 2002. # ''The Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim States'' (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. # ''Exploring Ottoman and Turkish History''. London: Hurst, 2004. # ''Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia'' (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). London: I.B. Tauris, 2012. Also in Russian, Moscow: 2015. == Bibliography == Jacob M. Landau, Bibliography of published works. J. M. Landau, Jerusalem: 2015 (690 items). == Mentioned In == * Who's Who in World Jewry, 1965, New York * Who's Who in Israel, 1966–67, Tel Aviv * Who's Who in Israel, 2001, Tel-Aviv * Contemporary Authors 1968, Detroit * Dictionary of International Biography, 1968, London * Marquis’ Who's Who in the World, Chicago * Asia's Who's Who of Men and Women of Achievement, Delhi * Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ansiklopedisi, 1985, Istanbul * Guide to the Scholars of the History and Culture of Central Asia, 1995, Cambridge, MA * 2000 Outstanding Scholars of the Twentieth Century, 2000, Cambridge, UK * The International Directory of Distinguished Leadership, 2000, Raleigh, North Carolina * The Contemporary Who's Who, 2003, Raleigh, North Carolina * Encyclopaedia Judaica, Second edition, Volume 12, p. 463 == External links == [http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashsah/Landau/LandauKorotHaim.htm Jacob M. Landau's curriculum vitae] from the Israel Prize website (in Hebrew). [https://politics.huji.ac.il/sites/default/files/politics/files/jacob_m_landau_list_of_publications_2019.pdf Professor Jacob M. Landau’s List of Publications], in the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem\|Hebrew University]]'s website. *[https://kutuphane.isam.org.tr/?url=makaleilh/findrecords.php&navdil=eng Scanned articles of Jacob M. Landau] (select "Author" at Search Area and insert "Jacob M Landau" at Search Term). {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Landau, Jacob M.}} [[Category:1924 births]] [[Category:2020 deaths]] [[Category:Moldovan Jews]] [[Category:Bessarabian Jews]] [[Category:Romanian emigrants to Mandatory Palestine]] [[Category:Israeli people of Moldovan-Jewish descent]] [[Category:Academic staff of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem]] [[Category:Israel Prize in Middle Eastern studies recipients]] [[Category:People from Chișinău]] [[Category:Burials at Har HaMenuchot]]	1,299,488,190	[]	false
# Joel's Bohemia 40°45′21″N 73°59′19″W / 40.7557603°N 73.9885315°W Joel's Bohemia was a two-story all-night restaurant near Times Square, New York from 1902 to 1925, catering to artists, writers, revolutionaries, and other bohemians. Owned by and managed by Joel Rinaldo, it was also known as Joel's or Joel's Bohemian Refreshery. Above the restaurant, Rinaldo ran a three-story hotel. Its address was 206 West 41st Street. Joel's claimed to be the only place in New York offering Mexican food, with specialties of chile con carne and tamales. His Blue Moon cocktail was notoriously strong. Joel's was once described as a "poor man's Rector's". There was usually piano music, singing, and often an impromptu cabaret show. Among the regulars were Booth Tarkington, Horace Traubel, William Glackens, George Luks, Alan Dale, William Winter, Zoe Anderson Norris, Shaemas O'Sheel, Sadakichi Hartmann, Robert Chanler, Hippolyte Havel, "General" Jake Coxey, and O. Henry. The El Refugio café in O. Henry's 1910 short story "The Gold that Glittered" was probably based on Joel's. When he was in town, Edwin Markham would drink coffee at the restaurant and sleep at the hotel. Joel's was a "renowned" meeting place for Spanish-language exiles, especially "bohemians, painters, musicians, caricaturists, actors". A table in the corner of the dining-room had a sign on it, starting at 11 o'clock, reading "Reserved for Literature and Revolution", "where famous Hispanic-American revolutionaries used to sit". Leaders of the Mexican Carrancistas met here, and the Mexican Liberal Party's headquarters were here. When the US joined the First World War in 1917, the table was renamed the "Newspaper and Literary Table". [H]is Bohemia was... the meeting-place of heretics and radicals of all breeds: fleeing, out-at-heels generals from Mexico; hunted, unshaven admirals from Honduras; common, every-day White House dynamiters from Guatemala; bawling Egyptian Anarchists; loud-mouthed sappers and minors of the social edifice in general who would shup up for a beer and a load of beans; barroom Napoleons and millennial crackpots of all nationalities. Several artists painted scenes set in the restaurant: - Max Weber's oil painting "Joel's Cafe", 1909 or 1910. - George Luks, "Joel's Famous Bohemia at 41st Street and Seventh Avenue. The Tall Man is Joel", published in Vanity Fair in 1934.[3][2][12] Joel's was famous for its celebrity wall of drawings and caricatures, some by Carlo de Fornaro, an opponent of Porfirio Díaz. Paintings by Luks, Glackens, and John Sloan hung on the walls. The closing of Joel's in 1925 was memorialized in the New Yorker: Joel's has closed; perhaps the last of the older order of restaurants, whose hosts were individuals, not corporations. It was never a gaudy, nor a gilt-edged establishment, that one on Forty-first street, with its green-tinted door; and its heydays were ten, or even fifteen years behind when it surrendered to the inevitable.	enwiki/68733003	enwiki	68,733,003	Joel's Bohemia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%27s_Bohemia	2025-04-14T05:12:39Z	en	Q108749757	55,534	{{Short description\|Restaurant in New York City, 1902–1925}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=April 2025}} {{Coord\|40.7557603\|-73.9885315\|display=title}} {{Infobox restaurant \| embed = \| name =Joel's Bohemia \| title = <!-- If embedding use this for secondary small font title --> \| logo = \| logo_width = \| logo_alt = \| image = \| image_width = \| image_alt = \| image_caption = \| mapframe = <!-- Set to yes to show a mapframe map --> \| pushpin_map = <!-- Requires {{para\|coordinates}} --> \| map_alt = \| map_caption = \| map_size = \| established = <!-- {{Start date\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} --> \| closed = <!-- {{End date\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} --> \| current-owner = \| previous-owner = [[Joel Rinaldo]] \| manager = \| head-chef = \| chef = \| pastry-chef = \| food-type = \| dress-code = \| rating = \| street-address = \| city = New York City \| county = \| state = New York \| postcode = <!-- or \|zip= --> \| country = \| coordinates = <!-- {{coord\|latitude\|longitude\|type:landmark\|display=inline,title}} --> \| seating-capacity = \| reservations = \| other-locations = \| other-information = <!-- or \|other-label= --> \| website = <!-- {{URL\|example.com}} --> }} '''Joel's Bohemia''' was a two-story all-night restaurant near [[Times Square]], New York from 1902 to 1925, catering to artists, writers, revolutionaries, and other [[bohemianism\|bohemians]].<ref name="bdc"/> Owned by and managed by [[Joel Rinaldo]], it was also known as '''Joel's''' or '''Joel's Bohemian Refreshery'''. Above the restaurant, Rinaldo ran a three-story hotel.<ref name="bdc">[[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Joel's", ''[[The American Mercury]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_american-mercury_1932-07_26_103/page/360/mode/2up '''26''':103:360] (July 1932)</ref> Its address was 206 West [[41st Street (Manhattan)\|41st Street]]. [[File:Cartoon_Room_at_Joel's_Bohemian_Refreshery.jpg\|thumb\|right\|alt=1910s postcard showing celebrity wall at Joel's\|"Cartoon Room" (postcard)]]Joel's claimed to be the only place in New York offering [[Mexican cuisine\|Mexican food]], with specialties of [[chile con carne]] and [[tamales]]. His Blue Moon cocktail was notoriously strong.<ref name="whitaker"/><ref name="freese"/> Joel's was once described as a "poor man's [[Rector's]]". There was usually piano music, singing, and often an impromptu [[cabaret]] show.<ref name="laurie">Joe Laurie, Jr., "Lefty Writes a Letter", ''[[Variety (magazine)\|Variety]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_variety_1945-02-07_157_9/page/4/mode/2up?q=rinaldo '''157''':9:4] (February 7, 1945)</ref> Among the regulars were [[Booth Tarkington]], [[Horace Traubel]], [[William Glackens]], [[George Luks]], Alan Dale, [[William Winter (author)\|William Winter]], [[Zoe Anderson Norris]], [[Shaemas O'Sheel]], [[Sadakichi Hartmann]], [[Robert Winthrop Chanler\|Robert Chanler]], [[Hippolyte Havel]], [[Jacob S. Coxey Sr.\|"General" Jake Coxey]], and [[O. Henry]].<ref name="rony">[[George S. Chappell]], ''The Restaurants of New York'', 1925, [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.87125/2015.87125.The-Restaurants-Of-New-York_djvu.txt full text]</ref><ref name="nyer">"Note on a Passing" (Talk of the Town), ''The New Yorker'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=11IQAAAAIAAJ&q=%22joel%20rinaldo%22 June 6, 1925], p. 3</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|last=Norris\|first=Zoe Anderson\|date=March 1911\|title=One Thing and Another\|page=29\|work=The East Side\|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101064172719&view=1up&seq=237&skin=2021&q1=literati}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Norris\|first=Zoe Anderson\|date=September–October 1913\|title=Now that Coney is no more\|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101064172727&view=1up&seq=97&skin=2021&q1=pathetic\|journal=The East Side\|pages=23}}</ref><ref name="bdc"/> The El Refugio café in O. Henry's 1910 short story "The Gold that Glittered" was probably based on Joel's.<ref name="whitaker"/> When he was in town, [[Edwin Markham]] would drink coffee at the restaurant and sleep at the hotel.<ref name="bdc"/> [[File:Joel's_Literary_Corner_by_Fornaro.png\|thumb\|left\|Carlo de Fornaro, "The Literature and Revolution Table", c1911\|alt="Joel's Literary Corner; Once Mexican Revolutionary Table" The Literary Table at Joel's Bohemia (New York), ca. 1911, showing Joel Rinaldo (proprietor), Michael Monahan, Leonard Charles van Noppen, Edwin Markham, Booth Tarkington, Benjamin de Casseres, and Shaemas O'Sheel]] Joel's was a "renowned" meeting place for Spanish-language exiles, especially "bohemians, painters, musicians, caricaturists, actors". A table in the corner of the dining-room had a sign on it, starting at 11 o'clock, reading "Reserved for Literature and Revolution",<ref name="bdc"/> "where famous Hispanic-American revolutionaries used to sit".<ref>Peter Hulme, ''The Dinner at Gonfarone's: Salomón de la Selva and His Pan-American Project in Nueva York, 1915-1919'', 2019, {{isbn\|1786942003}}, p.16</ref><ref>Peter Hulme, "Joel's Revolutionary Table: New York and Mexico City in Turbulent Times", ''Comparative American Studies An International Journal'' '''15''':3-4:117-145 (2017) {{doi\|10.1080/14775700.2017.1551600}}</ref> Leaders of the Mexican [[Constitutionalists in the Mexican Revolution\|Carrancistas]] met here,<ref name="rony"/> and the [[Mexican Liberal Party]]'s headquarters were here.<ref>"Fighting Diaz from a New York Restaurant", ''[[New York Times]]'' '''59''':19111, [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1910/05/22/105078588.html?pageNumber=53 May 22, 1910], p. 53</ref> When the US joined the [[First World War]] in 1917, the table was renamed the "Newspaper and Literary Table".<ref name="bdc"/> {{quote box\|align=right\|width=35%\|[H]is Bohemia was... the meeting-place of heretics and radicals of all breeds: fleeing, out-at-heels generals from Mexico; hunted, unshaven admirals from Honduras; common, every-day White House dynamiters from Guatemala; bawling Egyptian Anarchists; loud-mouthed sappers and minors of the social edifice in general who would shup up for a beer and a load of beans; barroom Napoleons and millennial crackpots of all nationalities.\| — [[Benjamin De Casseres]]<ref name="bdc"/>}} Several artists painted scenes set in the restaurant: [[File:Max_Weber,_Joel's_Cafe (1909-10).jpg\|thumb\|left\|alt=Cubist oil painting\|Max Weber, "Joel's Café"]] * [[Max Weber (artist)\|Max Weber]]'s oil painting "Joel's Cafe", 1909 or 1910. * George Luks, "Joel's Famous Bohemia at 41st Street and Seventh Avenue. The Tall Man is Joel", published in ''[[Vanity Fair (American magazine 1913–1936)\|Vanity Fair]]'' in 1934.<ref name="freese">Lauren Freese, ''Taste in the city: depictions of food consumption in urban America, 1880-1920'', Ph.D. dissertation, University of Iowa, Spring 2017, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210914013647/https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6951&context=etd full text], p. 231</ref><ref name="whitaker"/><ref>[[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Old New York drinking places: by George Luks", ''[[Vanity Fair (American magazine 1913–1936)\|Vanity Fair]]'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=C4A7AQAAIAAJ&dq=%22Joel's%20Famous%20Bohemia%20at%2041st%20Street%20and%20Seventh%20Avenue.%20The%20Tall%20Man%20is%20Joel&pg=PA18-IA4 '''41''':5:20] (January, 1934)</ref> Joel's was famous for its [[celebrity wall]] of drawings and caricatures, some by [[Carlo de Fornaro]], an opponent of [[Porfirio Díaz]].<ref name="whitaker">Jan Whitaker, "Faces on the wall", ''Restaurant-ing through history'', blog, [https://restaurant-ingthroughhistory.com/2016/09/11/faces-on-the-wall/ September 11, 2016]<!-- Whitaker is an established subject-matter expert (cf. [[WP:SPS]]), a social historian with several published books on restaurant history -- see https://us.macmillan.com/author/janwhitaker/ --></ref> Paintings by Luks, Glackens, and [[John Sloan]] hung on the walls.<ref name="bdc"/> The closing of Joel's in 1925 was memorialized in the ''[[The New Yorker\|New Yorker]]'': <blockquote> Joel's has closed; perhaps the last of the older order of restaurants, whose hosts were individuals, not corporations. It was never a gaudy, nor a gilt-edged establishment, that one on Forty-first street, with its green-tinted door; and its heydays were ten, or even fifteen years behind when it surrendered to the inevitable.<ref name="nyer"/> </blockquote> {{clear}} ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== [[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Joel's", ''[[The American Mercury]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_american-mercury_1932-07_26_103/page/360/mode/2up '''26''':103:360] (July 1932) Jan Whitaker, "Joel's bohemian refreshery", Restaurant-ing through history, [https://victualling.wordpress.com/2008/07/17/joels-bohemian-restaurant/ July 17, 2008] [[Category:Defunct restaurants in Manhattan]] [[Category:Times Square buildings]] [[Category:Theater District, Manhattan]] [[Category:Mexican restaurants in New York City]] [[Category:Defunct Latin American restaurants in the United States]]	1,285,517,501	[{"title": "Restaurant information", "data": {"Previous owner(s)": "Joel Rinaldo", "City": "New York City", "State": "New York"}}]	false
# Broad Bay (New Hampshire) Broad Bay is a 431-acre (1.74 km2) freshwater lake located in Carroll County in eastern New Hampshire, United States, in the towns of Freedom and Ossipee. Broad Bay is part of a chain of four lakes with identical water levels, due to a dam located downstream in Effingham Falls. Upstream, a channel connects Broad Bay to Ossipee Lake, while a channel leads downstream through Leavitt Bay and Berry Bay to the start of the Ossipee River, which flows east into Maine and the Saco River. Broad Bay is classified as a cold- and warmwater fishery, with observed species including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, rainbow trout, lake trout, landlocked salmon, chain pickerel, yellow perch, white perch, sunfish, and brown bullhead.	enwiki/5196680	enwiki	5,196,680	Broad Bay (New Hampshire)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad_Bay_(New_Hampshire)	2025-07-16T02:59:25Z	en	Q4971844	55,424	{{Short description\|Freshwater lake in New Hampshire, US}} {{Use American English\|date=July 2025}} {{Infobox lake \| name = Broad Bay \| image = \| caption = \| image_bathymetry = \| caption_bathymetry = \| location = [[Carroll County, New Hampshire]] \| coords = {{Coord\|43\|48\|21\|N\|71\|06\|05\|W\|type:waterbody_region:US\|display=inline,title}} \| type = \| inflow = [[Ossipee Lake]] \| outflow = [[Ossipee River]] \| catchment = \| basin_countries = United States \| length = {{Convert\|2.1\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| width = {{Convert\|0.6\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| area = {{Convert\|464\|acre\|km2\|abbr=on}} \| depth = {{convert\|27\|ft\|abbr=on}} \| max-depth = {{convert\|73\|ft\|abbr=on}} \| volume = \| residence_time = \| shore = \| elevation = {{Convert\|407\|ft\|abbr=on}} \| islands = 1 \| cities = [[Freedom, New Hampshire\|Freedom]]; [[Ossipee, New Hampshire\|Ossipee]] <!-- Map --> \| pushpin_map = New Hampshire#USA \| pushpin_label_position = \| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Broad Bay in New Hampshire, USA. \| pushpin_map_caption = <!-- Below --> \| website = \| reference = }} '''Broad Bay''' is a {{Convert\|431\|acre\|km2\|adj=on}}<ref name=NHFG/> [[freshwater]] [[lake]] located in [[Carroll County, New Hampshire\|Carroll County]] in eastern [[New Hampshire]], United States, in the towns of [[Freedom, New Hampshire\|Freedom]] and [[Ossipee, New Hampshire\|Ossipee]]. Broad Bay is part of a chain of four lakes with identical water levels, due to a dam located downstream in [[Effingham, New Hampshire\|Effingham Falls]]. Upstream, a channel connects Broad Bay to [[Ossipee Lake]], while a channel leads downstream through Leavitt Bay and Berry Bay to the start of the [[Ossipee River]], which flows east into [[Maine]] and the [[Saco River]]. Broad Bay is classified as a cold- and warmwater fishery, with observed species including [[largemouth bass]], [[smallmouth bass]], [[rainbow trout]], [[lake trout]], [[Atlantic salmon\|landlocked salmon]], [[chain pickerel]], [[yellow perch]], [[white perch]], [[Centrarchidae\|sunfish]], and [[brown bullhead]].<ref name=NHFG>{{Cite web\| url=http://www.wildlife.state.nh.us/maps/bathymetry/broadbay_ossipee.pdf\| title=Broad Bay, Ossipee, Freedom\| publisher=NH Fish & Game\| accessdate=August 6, 2014}}</ref> ==See also== {{portal\|New Hampshire}} *[[List of lakes in New Hampshire]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Saco River}} [[Category:Lakes of Carroll County, New Hampshire]] {{NewHampshire-geo-stub}}	1,300,732,063	[{"title": "Broad Bay", "data": {"Location": "Carroll County, New Hampshire", "Coordinates": "43\u00b048\u203221\u2033N 71\u00b006\u203205\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff43.80583\u00b0N 71.10139\u00b0W", "Primary inflows": "Ossipee Lake", "Primary outflows": "Ossipee River", "Basin countries": "United States"}}, {"title": "Broad Bay", "data": {"Max. length": "2.1 mi (3.4 km)", "Max. width": "0.6 mi (0.97 km)", "Surface area": "464 acres (1.88 km2)", "Average depth": "27 ft (8.2 m)", "Max. depth": "73 ft (22 m)", "Surface elevation": "407 ft (124 m)"}}]	false
# Robert Sastre Robert Sastre (born 7 Jun 1926 in Grand-Popo; died 2000) was a Beninese clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lokossa. He became ordained in 1952 and was appointed bishop in 1972.	enwiki/65903920	enwiki	65,903,920	Robert Sastre	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sastre	2025-02-17T08:30:21Z	en	Q11891042	33,929	{{Short description\|Beninese clergyman and bishop}} {{one source\|date=November 2020}} [[File:Cathédrale Saint-Pierre-Claver, Lokossa, Mono, Benin 03.jpg\|alt=Street of Saint-Pierre-Claver Cathedral in Lokossa, Benin\|thumb\|Street of Saint-Pierre-Claver Cathedral in Lokossa, Benin]] '''Robert Sastre''' (born 7 Jun 1926 in [[Grand-Popo]]; died 2000) was a [[Beninese]] clergyman and [[bishop]] for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lokossa]]. He became ordained in 1952 and was appointed bishop in 1972.<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsastre.html Catholic-Hierarchy.org]</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{wikiquote}} {{commonscat}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sastre, Robert}} [[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Benin]] [[Category:1926 births]] [[Category:2000 deaths]] [[Category:People from Mono Department]] [[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Lokossa]] {{Benin-bio-stub}} {{Africa-RC-bishop-stub}}	1,276,172,501	[]	false
# Hungary at the 1896 Summer Olympics Hungary competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Austrian and Hungarian results at early Olympic Games are generally kept separate despite the union of the two nations as Austria-Hungary at the time. Seven athletes from Hungary competed in six sports. The Hungarian medals came on 18 entries in 15 events. ## Medalists The following Hungarian competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are bolded. \| Medal \| Name \| Sport \| Event \| Date \| \| ------ \| ------------------- \| --------- \| -------------------------- \| -------- \| \| Gold \| Alfréd Hajós \| Swimming \| Men's 100 metre freestyle \| 11 April \| \| Gold \| Alfréd Hajós \| Swimming \| Men's 1200 metre freestyle \| 11 April \| \| Silver \| Nándor Dáni \| Athletics \| Men's 800 metres \| 9 April \| \| Bronze \| Alajos Szokolyi \| Athletics \| Men's 100 metres \| 10 April \| \| Bronze \| Gyula Kellner \| Athletics \| Men's marathon \| 10 April \| \| Bronze \| Momcsilló Tapavicza \| Tennis \| Men's singles \| 11 April \| \| Sport \| 1st place, gold medalist(s) \| 2nd place, silver medalist(s) \| 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) \| Total \| \| Swimming \| 2 \| 0 \| 0 \| 2 \| \| Athletics \| 0 \| 1 \| 2 \| 3 \| \| Tennis \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 \| 1 \| \| Total \| 2 \| 1 \| 3 \| 6 \| ### Multiple medalists The following competitors won multiple medals at the 1896 Olympic Games. \| Name \| Medal \| Sport \| Event \| \| ------------ \| ----------- \| -------- \| -------------------------------------------- \| \| Alfréd Hajós \| Gold · Gold \| Swimming \| Men's 100 m freestyle Men's 1200 m freestyle \| ## Competitors \| Sport \| Men \| Women \| Total \| \| ------------- \| --- \| ----- \| ----- \| \| Athletics \| 3 \| 0 \| 3 \| \| Gymnastics \| 2 \| 0 \| 2 \| \| Swimming \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| Tennis \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| Weightlifting \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| Wrestling \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| Total \| 7 \| 0 \| 7 \| \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| Medals by date \| \| -------------- \| -------------- \| --------------------------- \| ----------------------------- \| ----------------------------- \| -------------- \| -------------- \| \| Day \| Date \| 1st place, gold medalist(s) \| 2nd place, silver medalist(s) \| 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) \| Total \| \| \| Day 1 \| 6 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Day 2 \| 7 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| \| Day 3 \| 8 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| \| Day 4 \| 9 April \| 0 \| 1 \| 0 \| 1 \| \| \| Day 5 \| 10 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 1 \| 1 \| \| \| Day 6 \| 11 April \| 2 \| 0 \| 1 \| 3 \| \| \| Day 7 \| 12 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| \| Day 8 \| 13 April \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| 0 \| \| \| Total \| Total \| 2 \| 1 \| 3 \| 6 \| \| ## Athletics The Hungarian athletes were successful in each event except the 110 metre hurdles, taking a silver, two bronzes, and a 4th-place finish. The entry and competitor lists for some events are not agreed on by all sources. In the 100 metres, Dáni, Leonidasz Manno, and István Zachar may have entered and not started (or possibly have competed) along with Szokolyi. Track & road events \| Athlete \| Event \| Heat \| Heat \| Final \| Final \| \| Athlete \| Event \| Time \| Rank \| Time \| Rank \| \| --------------- \| ------------- \| ------------- \| ------------- \| --------------- \| ----------------------------- \| \| Nándor Dáni \| 100 m \| Did not start \| Did not start \| Did not advance \| Did not advance \| \| Leonidasz Manno \| 100 m \| Did not start \| Did not start \| Did not advance \| Did not advance \| \| István Zachar \| 100 m \| Did not start \| Did not start \| Did not advance \| Did not advance \| \| Alajos Szokolyi \| 100 m \| 12.8 \| 2 Q \| 12.6 \| 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) \| \| Nándor Dáni \| 800 m \| 2:10.2 \| 2 Q \| 2:11.8 \| 2nd place, silver medalist(s) \| \| Alajos Szokolyi \| 110 m hurdles \| Unknown \| 2 Q \| Did not start \| Did not start \| \| Gyula Kellner \| Marathon \| — \| — \| 3:06:35 \| 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) \| Field events \| Athlete \| Event \| Final \| Final \| \| Athlete \| Event \| Distance \| Position \| \| --------------- \| ----------------- \| -------- \| -------- \| \| Alajos Szokolyi \| Men's triple jump \| 11.26 \| 4 \| ## Gymnastics ### Artistic \| Athlete \| Event \| Rank \| \| --------------- \| -------------- \| ------ \| \| Gyula Kakas \| Vault \| 4–15 \| \| Desiderius Wein \| Vault \| 4–15 \| \| Gyula Kakas \| Pommel horse \| 3–15 \| \| Desiderius Wein \| Pommel horse \| 3–15 \| \| Gyula Kakas \| Horizontal bar \| 3–15 \| \| Desiderius Wein \| Horizontal bar \| 3–15 \| \| Gyula Kakas \| Parallel bars \| 3–18 \| \| Desiderius Wein \| Parallel bars \| 3–18 \| \| Desiderius Wein \| Rings \| 4, 6–8 \| ## Swimming Hajós won both events he entered, taking two of the four swimming medals (he could not enter the 100 metres for sailors event, and the 500 metres was immediately after the 100 metres and immediately before the 1200 metres). \| Athlete \| Event \| Final \| Final \| \| Athlete \| Event \| Time \| Rank \| \| ------------ \| ---------------- \| --------- \| --------------------------- \| \| Alfréd Hajós \| 100 m freestyle \| 1:22.2 OR \| 1st place, gold medalist(s) \| \| Alfréd Hajós \| 1200 m freestyle \| 18:22.2 \| 1st place, gold medalist(s) \| ## Tennis Tapavicza was defeated by Dionysios Kasdaglis in the semifinals of the singles tournament. \| Athlete \| Event \| Round of 16 \| Quarterfinals \| Semifinals \| Final \| Final \| \| Athlete \| Event \| Opposition Score \| Opposition Score \| Opposition Score \| Opposition Score \| Rank \| \| ------------------- \| ------------- \| ---------------------- \| ---------------- \| ------------------- \| ---------------- \| ----------------------------- \| \| Momcsilló Tapavicza \| Men's singles \| Frangopoulos (GRE) · W \| Bye \| Kasdaglis (GRE) · L \| Did not advance \| 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) \| ## Weightlifting \| Athlete \| Event \| Result \| Rank \| \| ------------------- \| ------------------- \| ------ \| ---- \| \| Momcsilló Tapavicza \| Men's two hand lift \| 80.0 \| 6 \| ## Wrestling \| Athlete \| Event \| Quarterfinal \| Semifinal \| Final \| Final \| \| Athlete \| Event \| Opposition Result \| Opposition Result \| Opposition Result \| Rank \| \| ------------------- \| ----------------- \| ----------------------- \| ----------------- \| ----------------- \| ----- \| \| Momcsilló Tapavicza \| Men's Greco-Roman \| Christopoulos (GRE) · L \| Did not advance \| Did not advance \| 4 \|	enwiki/2208614	enwiki	2,208,614	Hungary at the 1896 Summer Olympics	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics	2023-11-13T17:26:27Z	en	Q146694	104,082	{{infobox country at games \| NOC = HUN \| NOCname = [[Hungarian Olympic Committee]] \| games = Summer Olympics \| year = 1896 \| flagcaption = \| oldcode = \| website = {{url\|www.olimpia.hu }} {{in lang\|hu\|en}} \| location = [[Athens]], [[Greece]] \| date = ''April 6, 1896 – April 15, 1896'' \| competitors = 7 \| sports = 6 \| events = 16 \| flagbearer = \| rank = 6 \| gold = 2 \| silver = 1 \| bronze = 3 \| officials = \| appearances = auto \| app_begin_year = \| app_end_year = \| summerappearances = \| winterappearances = \| seealso = [[Hungary at the 1906 Intercalated Games\|1906]] Intercalated Games }} [[Kingdom of Hungary\|Hungary]] competed at the [[1896 Summer Olympics]] in [[Athens]], [[Greece]]. Austrian and Hungarian results at early Olympic Games are generally kept separate despite the union of the two nations as [[Austria-Hungary]] at the time. Seven athletes from Hungary competed in six sports. The Hungarian medals came on 18 entries in 15 events. __TOC__ {{Clear}} ==Medalists== {{main\|1896 Summer Olympics medal table\|List of 1896 Summer Olympics medal winners}} The following Hungarian competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are '''bolded'''. {{col-begin}} \| style="text-align:left; width:78%; vertical-align:top;"\| {\| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%" \|- !Medal !Name !Sport !Event !Date \|- \| {{gold medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Alfréd\|Hajós}} \|\| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Swimming]] \| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle\|Men's 100 metre freestyle]] \| {{dts\|11 April}} \|- \| {{gold medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Alfréd\|Hajós}} \|\| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Swimming]] \| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle\|Men's 1200 metre freestyle]] \| {{dts\|11 April}} \|- \| {{silver medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Nándor\|Dáni}} \|\| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Athletics]] \| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres\|Men's 800 metres]] \| {{dts\|9 April}} \|- \| {{bronze medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Alajos\|Szokolyi}} \|\| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Athletics]] \| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres\|Men's 100 metres]] \| {{dts\|10 April}} \|- \| {{bronze medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Gyula\|Kellner}} \|\| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Athletics]] \| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon\|Men's marathon]] \| {{dts\|10 April}} \|- \| {{bronze medal}} \| {{Sortname\|Momcsilló\|Tapavicza\|Momčilo Tapavica}} \|\| [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Tennis]] \| [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles\|Men's singles]] \| {{dts\|11 April}} \|} \| style="text-align:left; width:22%; vertical-align:top;"\| {{Clear}} {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; float:right;" \|- style="background:#efefef;" !colspan=7\|Medals by sport \|- style="text-align:center" \|'''Sport''' \| bgcolor=#f7f6a8 \|{{gold01}} \| bgcolor=#dce5e5 \|{{silver02}} \| bgcolor=#ffdab9 \|{{bronze03}} \|'''Total''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|[[#Swimming\|Swimming]] \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|2 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''2''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|[[#Athletics\|Athletics]] \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|1 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|2 \|'''3''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|[[#Tennis\|Tennis]] \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|1 \|'''1''' \|- style="text-align:center" ! Total !style="background:gold"\| 2 !style="background:silver"\| 1 !style="background:#c96"\| 3 ! 6 \|} {{col-end}} ===Multiple medalists=== The following competitors won multiple medals at the 1896 Olympic Games. {\| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%" \|- ! Name ! Medal ! Sport ! Event \|- \| {{sortname\|Alfréd\|Hajós}} \|\| {{gold medal}}<br />{{gold medal}} \|\|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Swimming]]\|\| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle\|Men's 100 m freestyle]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle\|Men's 1200 m freestyle]] \|} ==Competitors== {{col-begin}} \| width=78% align=left valign=top \| The following is the list of number of competitors participating in the Games: {\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width=180\|Sport ! width=55\|Men ! width=55\|Women ! width=55\|Total \|- \| align=left\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Athletics]] \| 3 \|\| 0 \|\| 3 \|- \| align=left\|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Gymnastics]] \| 2 \|\| 0 \|\| 2 \|- \| align=left\|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Swimming]] \| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 1 \|- \| align=left\|[[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Tennis]] \| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 1 \|- \| align=left\|[[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Weightlifting]] \| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 1 \|- \| align=left\|[[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|Wrestling]] \| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 1 \|-class=sortbottom ! Total \|\| 7<ref name="Tapavicza">[[Momčilo Tapavica\|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] competed in [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|tennis]], [[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|weightlifting]] and [[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics\|wrestling]].</ref> \|\| 0 \|\| 7 \|} \| width="22%" align="left" valign="top" \| {{Clear}} {\| class=wikitable style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; float:right;" \|- bgcolor=efefef !colspan=7\|Medals by date \|- style="text-align:center" \|'''Day''' \|'''Date''' \| bgcolor=#f7f6a8 \|{{gold01}} \| bgcolor=#dce5e5 \|{{silver02}} \| bgcolor=#ffdab9 \|{{bronze03}} \|'''Total''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 1 \|6 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|1 \|'''1''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 2 \|7 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''0''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 3 \|8 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''0''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 4 \|9 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|1 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''1''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 5 \|10 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|1 \|'''1''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 6 \|11 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|2 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|1 \| '''3''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 7 \|12 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''0''' \|- style="text-align:center" \|Day 8 \|13 April \| bgcolor=F7F6A8 \|0 \| bgcolor=DCE5E5 \|0 \| bgcolor=FFDAB9 \|0 \|'''0''' \|- !colspan=2\|Total ! style="background:gold" \|2 ! style="background:silver" \|1 ! style="background:#c96" \|3 !6 \|} {{col-end}} ==Athletics== {{main\|Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Image:BASA-3K-7-422-20-1896 Summer Olympics.jpg\|thumb\|Hungarian athletic team of 1896 Summer Olympics]] [[Image:Nandor dani.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Nándor Dáni]] [[Image:Alajos szokolyi.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|Alajos Szokolyi]] The Hungarian athletes were successful in each event except the 110 metre hurdles, taking a silver, two bronzes, and a 4th-place finish. The entry and competitor lists for some events are not agreed on by all sources. In the 100 metres, Dáni, Leonidasz Manno, and István Zachar may have entered and not started (or possibly have competed) along with Szokolyi.<ref name=Butler>Butler, Maynard. ''The Olympic Games''. In Mallon & Widlund, pp. 37–41.</ref><ref name=Megede>Ekkehard zur Megede : The history of Olympic athletics. Volume 1: 1896-1936. Verlag Bartels & Wernitz KG, Berlin, 2nd edition 1970.<!-- From de: --></ref><ref name=Olympedia100m>{{cite web \|url=https://www.olympedia.org/results/56000 \|work=Olympedia \|title=100 metres, Men \|access-date=21 July 2020}}</ref> '''Track & road events''' {\| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center \|- !rowspan=2\|Athlete !rowspan=2\|Event !colspan=2\|Heat !colspan=2\|Final \|-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank !Time !Rank \|- \|align=left\|[[Nándor Dáni]] \|align=left rowspan=4\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres\|100 m]] \|colspan=2\|Did not start \|colspan=2\|Did not advance \|- \|align=left\|Leonidasz Manno \|colspan=2\|Did not start \|colspan=2\|Did not advance \|- \|align=left\|István Zachar \|colspan=2\|Did not start \|colspan=2\|Did not advance \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Alajos Szokolyi]]''' \|12.8 \|2 '''Q''' \|12.6 \|{{bronze03}} \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Nándor Dáni]]''' \|align=left\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres\|800 m]] \|2:10.2 \|2 '''Q''' \|2:11.8 \|{{silver02}} \|- \|align=left\|[[Alajos Szokolyi]] \|align=left\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles\|110 m hurdles]] \|Unknown \|2 '''Q''' \|colspan=2\|Did not start \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Gyula Kellner]]''' \|align=left\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon\|Marathon]] \|colspan=2 {{N/A}} \|3:06:35 \|{{bronze03}} \|} '''Field events''' {\|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center \|- !rowspan=2\|Athlete !rowspan=2\|Event !colspan=2\|Final \|-style=font-size:95% !Distance !Position \|- \|align=left\|[[Alajos Szokolyi]] \|align=left\|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump\|Men's triple jump]] \|11.26 \|4 \|} ==Gymnastics== {{main\|Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} === Artistic === {\| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center \|- !Athlete !Event !Rank \|- \|align=left\|[[Gyula Kakas]] \|align=left rowspan=2\|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's vault\|Vault]] \| 4–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Desiderius Wein]] \| 4–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Gyula Kakas]] \|align=left rowspan=2\|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's pommel horse\|Pommel horse]] \| 3–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Desiderius Wein]] \| 3–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Gyula Kakas]] \|align=left rowspan=2\|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's horizontal bar\|Horizontal bar]] \| 3–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Desiderius Wein]] \| 3–15 \|- \|align=left\|[[Gyula Kakas]] \|align=left rowspan=2 \|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's parallel bars\|Parallel bars]] \| 3–18 \|- \|align=left\|[[Desiderius Wein]] \| 3–18 \|- \|align=left\|[[Desiderius Wein]] \|align=left\|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's rings\|Rings]] \| 4, 6–8 \|} ==Swimming== {{main\|Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Image:Hajos.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Alfréd Hajós]] Hajós won both events he entered, taking two of the four swimming medals (he could not enter the 100 metres for sailors event, and the 500 metres was immediately after the 100 metres and immediately before the 1200 metres). {\|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center \|- !rowspan=2\|Athlete !rowspan=2\|Event !colspan=2\|Final \|-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Alfréd Hajós]]''' \|align=left\|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle\|100 m freestyle]] \|1:22.2 [[List of Olympic records in athletics\|'''OR''']] \|{{gold01}} \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Alfréd Hajós]]''' \|align=left\|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle\|1200 m freestyle]] \|18:22.2 \|{{gold01}} \|} ==Tennis== {{main\|Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} Tapavicza was defeated by [[Dionysios Kasdaglis]] in the semifinals of the singles tournament. {\|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" \|- !rowspan=2\|Athlete !rowspan=2\|Event !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals !colspan=2\|Final \|-style="font-size:95%" !Opposition<br>Score !Opposition<br>Score !Opposition<br>Score !Opposition<br>Score !Rank \|- \|align=left\|'''[[Momčilo Tapavica\|Momcsilló Tapavicza]]''' \|align=left\|[[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles\|Men's singles]] \|{{flagIOCathlete\|[[D. Frangopoulos\|Frangopoulos]]\|GRE\|1896 Summer}}<br>'''W''' \|{{Bye}} \|{{flagIOCathlete\|[[Dionysios Kasdaglis\|Kasdaglis]]\|GRE\|1896 Summer}}<br>'''L''' \|Did not advance \|{{bronze03}} \|} ==Weightlifting== {{main\|Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} {\|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" !Athlete !Event !Result !Rank \|- \|align=left\|[[Momčilo Tapavica\|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] \|align=left\|[[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's two hand lift\|Men's two hand lift]] \| 80.0 \|6 \|} ==Wrestling== {{main\|Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} {\|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" !rowspan=2\|Athlete !rowspan=2\|Event !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !colspan=2\|Final \|- !Opposition<br>Result !Opposition<br>Result !Opposition<br>Result !Rank \|- \|align=left\|[[Momčilo Tapavica\|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] \|align=left\|[[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman\|Men's Greco-Roman]] \|{{flagIOCathlete\|[[Stephanos Christopoulos\|Christopoulos]]\|GRE\|1896 Summer}}<br>'''L''' \|colspan=2\|Did not advance \|4 \|} ==Notes== {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} ==References== * {{cite book \|author1=Lampros, S.P. \|author2=Polites, N.G. \|author3=De Coubertin, Pierre \|author4=Philemon, P.J. \|author5=Anninos, C. \| title=The Olympic Games: BC 776 – AD 1896 \| location=Athens \| publisher=Charles Beck \| year=1897 }} (Digitally available at [http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1896/1896.pdf]) * {{cite book \| author1=Mallon, Bill \| author2=Widlund, Ture \| title=The 1896 Olympic Games. Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary \| location=Jefferson \| publisher=McFarland \| year=1998 \| isbn=0-7864-0379-9 \| url-access=registration \| url=https://archive.org/details/resultsofearlymo00mall }} (Excerpt available at [https://web.archive.org/web/20080411091042/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/Mallon/1896.pdf]) * {{cite book \| author=Smith, Michael Llewellyn \| title= Olympics in Athens 1896. The Invention of the Modern Olympic Games \| location=London \| publisher=Profile Books \| year = 2004 \| isbn=1-86197-342-X}} {{Nations at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Category:Nations at the 1896 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Hungary at the Summer Olympics by year\|1896]] [[Category:1896 in Hungarian sport\|Olympics]]	1,184,954,744	[{"title": "Hungary at the \u00b7 1896 Summer Olympics", "data": {"IOC code": "HUN", "NOC": "Hungarian Olympic Committee", "Website": "www.olimpia.hu (in Hungarian and English)"}}, {"title": "in Athens, Greece \u00b7 April 6, 1896 \u2013 April 15, 1896", "data": {"Competitors": "7 in 6 sports and 16 events", "Medals \u00b7 Ranked 6th": "Gold 2 Silver 1 Bronze 3 Total 6"}}, {"title": "Summer Olympics appearances (overview)", "data": {"Summer Olympics appearances (overview)": "1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024"}}, {"title": "Other related appearances", "data": {"Other related appearances": "1906 Intercalated Games"}}]	false
# 2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone The Asia/Oceania Zone was one of three zones of regional competition in the 2004 Fed Cup. ## Group I - Venue: R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, New Delhi, India (outdoor hard) - Date: 19–24 April The nine teams were divided into two pools of four and five teams. The teams that finished first and second in the pools played-off to determine which team would partake in the World Group play-offs. The two nations coming second-last and last in the pools also played-off to determine which two would be relegated to Group II for 2005. ### Pools \| \| Pool A \| THA \| NZL \| CHN \| PHI \| \| 1 \| Thailand (3–0) \| \| 2–1 \| 2–1 \| 3–0 \| \| 2 \| New Zealand (2–1) \| 1–2 \| \| 2–1 \| 3–0 \| \| 3 \| China (1–2) \| 1–2 \| 1–2 \| \| 3–0 \| \| 4 \| Philippines (0–3) \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| \| \| \| Pool B \| INA \| IND \| KOR \| TPE \| UZB \| \| 1 \| Indonesia (4–0) \| \| 2–1 \| 2–1 \| 3–0 \| 2–1 \| \| 2 \| India (3–1) \| 1–2 \| \| 2–1 \| 3–0 \| 2–1 \| \| 3 \| South Korea (2–2) \| 1–2 \| 1–2 \| \| 3–0 \| 2–1 \| \| 4 \| Chinese Taipei (1–3) \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| \| 2–1 \| \| 5 \| Uzbekistan (0–4) \| 1–2 \| 1–2 \| 1–2 \| 1–2 \| \| ### Play-offs \| Placing \| A Team \| Score \| B Team \| \| ---------- \| ----------- \| ----- \| -------------- \| \| Promotion \| Thailand \| 2–0 \| India \| \| Promotion \| New Zealand \| 1–2 \| Indonesia \| \| 5th \| N/A \| \| South Korea \| \| Relegation \| China \| 2–1 \| Uzbekistan \| \| Relegation \| Philippines \| 1–2 \| Chinese Taipei \| - Thailand and Indonesia advanced to 2004 World Group play-offs.[1][2] - Uzbekistan and Philippines was relegated to Group II for 2005.[3] ## Group II - Venue: R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, New Delhi, India (outdoor hard) - Date: 19–24 April The five teams played in one pool of five, with the two teams placing first and second in the pool advancing to Group I for 2005. ### Pool \| \| Pool \| KAZ \| SIN \| POC \| SYR \| TKM \| \| 1 \| Kazakhstan (4–0) \| \| 3–0 \| 3–0 \| 3–0 \| 3–0 \| \| 2 \| Singapore (3–1) \| 0–3 \| \| 2–1 \| 2–1 \| 3–0 \| \| 3 \| Pacific Oceania (2–2) \| 0–3 \| 1–2 \| \| 3–0 \| 3–0 \| \| 4 \| Syria (1–3) \| 0–3 \| 1–2 \| 0–3 \| \| 2–1 \| \| 5 \| Turkmenistan (0–4) \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| 0–3 \| 1–2 \| \| - Kazakhstan and Singapore advanced to Group I for 2005.[4]	enwiki/36572454	enwiki	36,572,454	2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Fed_Cup_Asia/Oceania_Zone	2025-06-17T04:33:38Z	en	Q4602774	88,650	{{Short description\|Subsection of tennis competition}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2018}} {{main\|2004 Fed Cup}} The '''Asia/Oceania Zone''' was one of three zones of regional competition in the [[2004 Fed Cup]]. ==Group I== Venue: [[R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]] (outdoor hard) Date: 19–24 April The nine teams were divided into two pools of four and five teams. The teams that finished first and second in the pools played-off to determine which team would partake in the [[2004 Fed Cup World Group play-offs\|World Group play-offs]]. The two nations coming second-last and last in the pools also played-off to determine which two would be relegated to Group II for 2005. ===Pools=== {{col-float-begin\|width=35em}} {{4TeamRR \| title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool A\|Pool A]] \| team-1-abbrev=THA \| team-1={{fed\|THA}} (3–0) \| team-2-abbrev=NZL \| team-2={{nowrap\|{{fed\|NZL}} (2–1)}} \| team-3-abbrev=CHN \| team-3={{fed\|CHN}} (1–2) \| team-4-abbrev=PHI \| team-4={{nowrap\|{{fed\|PHI}} (0–3)}} \| 1v2=2–1 \|1v3=2–1 \|1v4=3–0 \|2v1=1–2 \| 2v3=2–1 \|2v4=3–0 \|3v1=1–2 \|3v2=1–2 \| 3v4=3–0 \|4v1=0–3 \|4v2=0–3 \|4v3=0–3 }} {{col-float-break\|width=35em}} {{5TeamRR \| title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B\|Pool B]] \| team-1-abbrev=INA \| team-1={{fed\|INA}} (4–0) \| team-2-abbrev=IND \| team-2={{fed\|IND}} (3–1) \| team-3-abbrev=KOR \| team-3={{fed\|KOR}} (2–2) \| team-4-abbrev=TPE \| team-4={{nowrap\|{{fed\|TPE}} (1–3)}} \| team-5-abbrev=UZB \| team-5={{fed\|UZB}} (0–4) \| 1v2=2–1 \|1v3=2–1 \|1v4=3–0 \|1v5=2–1 \|2v1=1–2 \| 2v3=2–1 \|2v4=3–0 \|2v5=2–1 \|3v1=1–2 \|3v2=1–2 \| 3v4=3–0 \|3v5=2–1 \|4v1=0–3 \|4v2=0–3 \|4v3=0–3 \| 4v5=2–1 \|5v1=1–2 \|5v2=1–2 \|5v3=1–2 \|5v4=1–2 }} {{col-float-end}} ===Play-offs=== {{main\|2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Play-offs}} {\|class=wikitable style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;" \|- !Placing!!A Team!!Score!!B Team \|- \|Promotion \|\| '''{{fed\|THA}}''' \|\|align="center"\|2–0\|\|\| {{fed\|IND}} \|- \|Promotion \|\| {{fed\|NZL}} \|\|align="center"\|1–2\|\|\| '''{{fed\|INA}}''' \|- \|5th \|\| N/A \|\|\|\|\| {{fed\|KOR}} \|- \|Relegation \|\| {{fed\|CHN}} \|\|align="center"\|2–1\|\|\| ''{{fed\|UZB}}'' \|- \|Relegation \|\| ''{{fed\|PHI}}'' \|\|align="center"\|1–2\|\|\| {{fed\|TPE}} \|} * '''{{fed\|THA}}''' and '''{{fed\|INA}}''' advanced to 2004 World Group play-offs.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100006009\|title=Thailand v Australia\|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100006015\|title=Indonesia v Slovenia\|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> * ''{{fed\|UZB}}'' and ''{{fed\|PHI}}'' was relegated to Group II for 2005.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100007127\|title=Uzbekistan v Philippines\|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> ==Group II== Venue: [[R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]] (outdoor hard) Date: 19–24 April The five teams played in one pool of five, with the two teams placing first and second in the pool advancing to Group I for 2005. ===Pool=== {{5TeamRR \| title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool\|Pool]] \| team-1-abbrev=KAZ \| team-1={{fed\|KAZ}} (4–0) \| team-2-abbrev=SIN \| team-2={{fed\|SIN}} (3–1) \| team-3-abbrev=POC \| team-3=<!-- Do not use a non-free file here, per WP:NFCC --> [[Pacific Oceania Fed Cup team\|Pacific Oceania]] (2–2) \| team-4-abbrev=SYR \| team-4={{fed\|SYR}} (1–3) \| team-5-abbrev=TKM \| team-5={{fed\|TKM}} (0–4) \| 1v2=3–0 \|1v3=3–0 \|1v4=3–0 \|1v5=3–0 \|2v1=0–3 \| 2v3=2–1 \|2v4=2–1 \|2v5=3–0 \|3v1=0–3 \|3v2=1–2 \| 3v4=3–0 \|3v5=3–0 \|4v1=0–3 \|4v2=1–2 \|4v3=0–3 \| 4v5=2–1 \|5v1=0–3 \|5v2=0–3 \|5v3=0–3 \|5v4=1–2 }} * '''{{fed\|KAZ}}''' and '''{{fed\|SIN}}''' advanced to Group I for 2005.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100007156\|title=Kazakhstan v Singapore\|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> ==See also== [[Fed Cup structure]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{refbegin}} [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=INA Fed Cup Profile, Indonesia] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=KOR Fed Cup Profile, South Korea] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=TPE Fed Cup Profile, Chinese Taipei] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=NZL Fed Cup Profile, New Zealand] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=CHN Fed Cup Profile, China] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=IND Fed Cup Profile, India] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=THA Fed Cup Profile, Thailand] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=PHI Fed Cup Profile, Philippines] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=SYR Fed Cup Profile, Syria] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=KAZ Fed Cup Profile, Kazakhstan] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=POC Fed Cup Profile, Pacific Oceania] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=SIN Fed Cup Profile, Singapore] {{refend}} ==External links== * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/home.aspx Fed Cup website] {{Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone}} {{DEFAULTSORT:2004 Fed Cup Asia Oceania Zone}} [[Category:2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone\| ]] [[Category:2004 Fed Cup\|Asia Oceania]] [[Category:Sport in New Delhi]] [[Category:Tennis tournaments in India]]	1,295,996,332	[]	false
# 1864 United States presidential election in Maine The 1864 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 8, 1864, as part of the 1864 United States presidential election. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Maine voted for the National Union candidate, incumbent Republican President Abraham Lincoln and his running mate Andrew Johnson. They defeated the Democratic candidate, George B. McClellan and his running mate George H. Pendleton. Lincoln won the state by a margin of 18.14%. ## Results \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| \| Party \| Party \| Candidate \| Votes \| Percentage \| Electoral votes \| \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------- \| ------------------------------------------------- \| \| \| National Union \| Abraham Lincoln (incumbent) \| 67,805 \| 59.07% \| 7 \| \| \| Democratic \| George B. McClellan \| 46,992 \| 40.93% \| 0 \| \| Totals \| Totals \| Totals \| 114,797 \| 100.0% \| 7 \|	enwiki/53965898	enwiki	53,965,898	1864 United States presidential election in Maine	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine	2025-06-08T05:47:05Z	en	Q30638126	198,380	{{short description\|none}} {{Use American English\|date=June 2025}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> {{Use mdy dates\|date=September 2023}} {{Main\|1864 United States presidential election}} {{Infobox election \| election_name = 1864 United States presidential election in Maine \| country = Maine \| flag_image = Flag of the United States (1863-1865).svg \| type = presidential \| ongoing = no \| previous_election = 1860 United States presidential election in Maine \| previous_year = 1860 \| next_election = 1868 United States presidential election in Maine \| next_year = 1868 \| election_date = November 8, 1864 \| image_size = x200px \| image1 = Abraham Lincoln November 1863.jpg \| nominee1 = '''[[Abraham Lincoln]]''' \| party1 = National Union Party (United States) \| home_state1 = [[Illinois]] \| running_mate1 = '''[[Andrew Johnson]]''' \| electoral_vote1 = '''7''' \| popular_vote1 = '''67,805''' \| percentage1 = '''59.07%''' \| image2 = GeorgeMcClellan2 (cropped).jpg \| nominee2 = [[George B. McClellan]] \| party2 = Democratic Party (United States) \| home_state2 = [[New Jersey]] \| running_mate2 = [[George H. Pendleton]] \| electoral_vote2 = 0 \| popular_vote2 = 46,992 \| percentage2 = 40.93% \| map_image = Maine Presidential Election Results 1864.svg \| map_size = 300px \| map_caption = County Results {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} '''Lincoln''' {{legend\|#E27F90\|50–60%}} {{legend\|#cc2f4a\|60–70%}} {{legend\|#d40000\|70–80%}} {{col-2}} '''McClellan''' {{legend\|#86b6f2\|50–60%}} {{col-end}} \| title = President \| before_election = [[Abraham Lincoln]] \| before_party = Republican Party (United States) \| after_election = [[Abraham Lincoln]] \| after_party = National Union Party (United States) }} {{Elections in Maine sidebar}} The '''1864 United States presidential election in Maine''' took place on November 8, 1864, as part of the [[1864 United States presidential election]]. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the [[United States Electoral College\|Electoral College]], who voted for [[President of the United States\|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States\|vice president]]. [[Maine]] voted for the [[National Union Party (United States)\|National Union]] candidate, incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] President [[Abraham Lincoln]] and his running mate [[Andrew Johnson]]. They defeated the [[Democratic Party (United States)\|Democratic]] candidate, [[George B. McClellan]] and his running mate [[George H. Pendleton]]. Lincoln won the state by a margin of 18.14%. ==Results== {\| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" \|- ! colspan="6" \| 1864 United States presidential election in Maine<ref name=results>{{cite web\|title=1864 Presidential General Election Results - Maine\|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?fips=23&year=1864&f=0&off=0&elect=0\|publisher=U.S. Election Atlas\|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> \|- ! colspan="2" style="width: 15em" \|Party ! style="width: 17em" \|Candidate ! style="width: 5em" \|Votes ! style="width: 7em" \|Percentage ! style="width: 5em" \|Electoral votes \|- ! style="background-color:#FF3333; width: 3px" \| \| style="width: 130px" \| '''[[National Union Party (United States)\|National Union]]''' \| '''[[Abraham Lincoln]] (incumbent)''' \| align="right" \| '''67,805''' \| align="right" \| '''59.07%''' \| align="right" \| '''7''' \|- ! style="background-color:#3333FF; width: 3px" \| \| style="width: 130px" \| [[Democratic Party (United States)\|Democratic]] \| [[George B. McClellan]] \| align="right" \| 46,992 \| align="right" \| 40.93% \| align="right" \| 0 \|- \|-bgcolor="#EEEEEE" \| colspan="3" align="right" \| '''Totals''' \| align="right" \| '''114,797''' \| align="right" \| '''100.0%''' \| align="right" \| '''7''' \|- \|} ==See also== * [[United States presidential elections in Maine]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Maine elections}} {{United States elections}} {{State Results of the 1864 U.S. presidential election}} [[Category:1864 United States presidential election by state\|Maine]] [[Category:United States presidential elections in Maine\|1864]] [[Category:1864 Maine elections]] {{Maine-election-stub}}	1,294,519,044	[{"title": "1864 United States presidential election in Maine", "data": {"\u2190 1860": "November 8, 1864 \u00b7 1868 \u2192", "Nominee": "Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 George B. McClellan", "Party": "National Union \u00b7 Democratic", "Home state": "Illinois \u00b7 New Jersey", "Running mate": "Andrew Johnson \u00b7 George H. Pendleton", "Electoral vote": "7 \u00b7 0", "Popular vote": "67,805 \u00b7 46,992", "Percentage": "59.07% \u00b7 40.93%", "Lincoln 50\u201360% 60\u201370% 70\u201380%": "McClellan 50\u201360%", "President before election \u00b7 Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 Republican": "Elected President \u00b7 Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 National Union"}}]	false
# L. P. Davies Leslie Purnell Davies (20 October 1914 – 6 January 1988) was a British novelist whose works typically combine elements of horror, science fiction and mystery. He also wrote many short stories under several pseudonyms, including: L. Purnell Davies, Leo Berne, Richard Bridgeman, Morgan Evans, Ian Jefferson, Lawrence Phillips, Thomas Philips, G. K. Thomas, Leslie Vardre, and Rowland Welch. ## Themes Davies' books often deal with the manipulation of human consciousness, and in some ways are comparable to the works of Philip K. Dick. (The premise of The Artificial Man resembles that of Dick's Time Out of Joint.) His protagonists frequently suffer from amnesia or other loss of identity, and their quest to find out who they really are drives the plot. ## Film adaptations Davies' novels The Artificial Man (1965) and Psychogeist (1966) were adapted into the 1968 film Project X, and The Alien (1968) was loosely adapted into the 1972 film The Groundstar Conspiracy. The Paper Dolls (1964) was adapted by Hammer as an episode ("Paper Dolls") of its television series Journey to the Unknown (1968). ## Personal life Davies worked as a pharmacist, postmaster, optometrist, and gift shop owner, and served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in France, Italy and North Africa. ## Critical evaluation A critical essay on Davies' novels can be found in S. T. Joshi's The Evolution of the Weird Tale (2004). ## Novels - The Paper Dolls (1964) - Man Out of Nowhere (1965; published in the US in 1966 as Who Is Lewis Pinder?) - The Artificial Man (1965) - Psychogeist (1966) - Tell it to the Dead (1966, under the pseudonym Leslie Vardre; published in the US in 1967 as The Reluctant Medium under the author's real name) - Twilight Journey (1967) - The Lampton Dreamers (1967) - The Nameless Ones (1967; published in the US in 1968 as A Grave Matter) - The Alien (1968) - Dimension A (1969) - Genesis Two (1969) - Stranger to Town (1969) - The White Room (1969) - Adventure Holidays Ltd. (1970) - The Shadow Before (1970) - Give Me Back Myself (1971) - What Did I Do Tomorrow? (1972) - Assignment Abacus (1975) - Possession (1976) - The Land of Leys (1979) - Morning Walk (1983) ## Short Story Collection - Shadows Before: The London Mystery Stories of L.P. Davies (2 vols., Ramble House, 2021)	enwiki/4008865	enwiki	4,008,865	L. P. Davies	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._P._Davies	2024-08-20T20:18:09Z	en	Q94054	21,155	{{Short description\|British writer}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2022}} '''Leslie Purnell Davies''' (20 October 1914 – 6 January 1988) was a British [[novelist]] whose works typically combine elements of [[horror fiction\|horror]], [[science fiction]] and [[mystery fiction\|mystery]]. He also wrote many [[short story\|short stories]] under several [[pseudonym]]s, including: L. Purnell Davies, Leo Berne, Richard Bridgeman, Morgan Evans, Ian Jefferson, Lawrence Phillips, Thomas Philips, G. K. Thomas, Leslie Vardre, and Rowland Welch.<ref>"L(eslie) P(urnell) Davies." ''St. James Guide to Crime & Mystery Writers'', Gale, 1996. ''Biography in Context'', http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K2406000118/BIC1?u=azycldo&xid=dd1fb25d . Accessed 23 Feb. 2018.</ref> ==Themes== Davies' books often deal with the manipulation of human [[consciousness]], and in some ways are comparable to the works of [[Philip K. Dick]]. (The premise of ''The Artificial Man'' resembles that of Dick's ''[[Time Out of Joint]]''.) His protagonists frequently suffer from [[amnesia]] or other loss of [[Psychological identity\|identity]], and their quest to find out who they really are drives the plot. ==Film adaptations== Davies' novels ''The Artificial Man'' (1965) and ''Psychogeist'' (1966) were adapted into the 1968 film [[Project X (1968 film)\|Project X]], and ''The Alien'' (1968) was loosely adapted into the 1972 film ''[[The Groundstar Conspiracy]]''. ''The Paper Dolls'' (1964) was adapted by [[Hammer Film Productions\|Hammer]] as an episode ("Paper Dolls") of its television series [[Journey to the Unknown]] (1968). ==Personal life== Davies worked as a pharmacist, postmaster, optometrist, and gift shop owner, and served in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] in France, Italy and North Africa. ==Critical evaluation== A critical essay on Davies' novels can be found in [[S. T. Joshi]]'s ''The Evolution of the Weird Tale'' (2004). ==Novels== ''The Paper Dolls'' (1964) ''Man Out of Nowhere'' (1965; published in the US in 1966 as ''Who Is Lewis Pinder?'') ''The Artificial Man'' (1965) ''Psychogeist'' (1966) ''Tell it to the Dead'' (1966, under the pseudonym Leslie Vardre; published in the US in 1967 as ''The Reluctant Medium'' under the author's real name) ''Twilight Journey'' (1967) ''The Lampton Dreamers'' (1967) ''The Nameless Ones'' (1967; published in the US in 1968 as ''A Grave Matter'') ''The Alien'' (1968) ''Dimension A'' (1969) ''Genesis Two'' (1969) ''Stranger to Town'' (1969) ''The White Room'' (1969) ''Adventure Holidays Ltd.'' (1970) ''The Shadow Before'' (1970) ''Give Me Back Myself'' (1971) ''What Did I Do Tomorrow?'' (1972) ''Assignment Abacus'' (1975) ''Possession'' (1976) ''The Land of Leys'' (1979) ''Morning Walk'' (1983) ==Short Story Collection== ''Shadows Before: The London Mystery Stories of L.P. Davies'' (2 vols., Ramble House, 2021) ==See also== [[List of horror fiction authors]] ==References== <references /> Joshi, S. T. "L. P. Davies: The Workings of the Mind", in ''The Evolution of the Weird Tale'' (2004), pp. 149–165. ==External links== {{isfdb name\|id=L._P._Davies\|name=L. P. Davies}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20111021053806/http://www.trashface.com/lpdavies.html L. P. Davies: International Man of Mystery, Author and ... Gift Shop Owner] [http://bloodymurder.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/m-is-for-man-out-of-nowhere-1965-by-lp-davies/ M is for … MAN OUT OF NOWHERE by LP Davies (with much additional information)] [[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]] https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/davies_l_p {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Davies, L. P.}} [[Category:1914 births]] [[Category:1988 deaths]] [[Category:British horror writers]] [[Category:British science fiction writers]] [[Category:20th-century British novelists]] [[Category:British male novelists]] [[Category:British Army personnel of World War II]] [[Category:Royal Army Medical Corps soldiers]]	1,241,375,494	[]	false

# Zilch (electromagnetism) In physics, zilch (or zilches) is a set of ten conserved quantities of the source-free electromagnetic field, which were discovered by Daniel M. Lipkin in 1964. The name refers to the fact that the zilches are only conserved in regions free of electric charge, and therefore have limited physical significance. One of the conserved quantities (Lipkin's {\displaystyle Z^{0}}) has an intuitive physical interpretation and is also known as optical chirality. In particular, first, Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}Z^{0}&=\mathbf {E} \cdot \nabla \times \mathbf {E} +\mathbf {B} \cdot \nabla \times \mathbf {B} \\\mathbf {Z} &={\frac {1}{c}}\left(\mathbf {E} \times {\frac {d}{dt}}\mathbf {E} +\mathbf {B} \times {\frac {d}{dt}}\mathbf {B} \right)\end{aligned}}} ## Optical chirality The free Maxwell equations imply that {\displaystyle \partial _{0}Z^{0}+\nabla \cdot \mathbf {Z} =0}. The precedent equation implies that the quantity {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} is constant. This time-independent quantity is one of the ten zilches discovered by Lipkin. Nowadays, the quantity {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} is widely known as optical chirality (up to a factor of 1/2). The quantity {\displaystyle {Z}^{0}} is the spatial density of optical chirality, while {\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} } is the optical chirality flux. Generalizing the aforementioned differential conservation law for {\displaystyle Z^{0}}, Lipkin found other nine conservation laws, all unrelated to the stress–energy tensor. He collectively named these ten conserved quantities the zilch (nowadays, they are also called the zilches) because of the apparent lack of physical significance. ## Properties of zilch tensor The zilch is often described in terms of the zilch tensor, {\displaystyle Z_{\nu \rho }^{\mu }}. The latter can be expressed using the dual electromagnetic tensor {\displaystyle {\hat {F}}^{\mu \nu }=(1/2)\epsilon ^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma }F_{\rho \sigma }} as {\displaystyle Z_{\nu \rho }^{\mu }={\hat {F}}^{\mu \lambda }F_{\lambda \nu ,\rho }-F^{\mu \lambda }{\hat {F}}_{\lambda \nu ,\rho }}. The zilch tensor is symmetric under the exchange of its first two indices, {\displaystyle \mu } and {\displaystyle \nu }, while it is also traceless with respect to any two indices, as well as divergence-free with respect to any index. The conservation law {\displaystyle \partial _{\rho }Z^{\mu \nu \rho }=0} means that the following ten quantities are time-independent: {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{\mu \nu 0}=\int d^{3}xZ^{\nu \mu 0}.} These are the ten zilches (or just the zilch) discovered by Lipkin. In fact, only nine zilches are independent. The time-independent quantity {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{000}} is known as the 00-zilch and is equal to the aforementioned optical chirality {\displaystyle \int Z^{0}\,d^{3}x} ({\displaystyle Z^{000}=Z^{0}}). In general, the time-independent quantity {\displaystyle \int d^{3}xZ^{\mu \nu 0}} is known as the {\displaystyle \mu \nu }-zilch (the indices {\displaystyle \mu ,\nu } run from 0 to 3) and it is clear that there are ten such quantities (nine independent). It was later demonstrated that Lipkin's zilch is part of an infinite number of zilch-like conserved quantities, a general property of free fields. ## History One of the zilches has been rediscovered. This is the zilch called "optical chirality", named by Tang and Cohen, since this zilch determines the degree of chiral asymmetry in the rate of excitation of a small chiral molecule by an incident electromagnetic field. A further physical insight of optical chirality was offered in 2012; optical chirality is to the curl or time derivative of the electromagnetic field, what helicity, spin and related quantities are to the electromagnetic field itself. The physical interpretation of all zilches for topologically non-trivial electromagnetic fields was investigated in 2018. Since the discovery of the ten zilches in 1964, there is an important open mathematical question concerning their relation with symmetries. (Recently, the full answer to this question seems to have been found ). This is the question: What are the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action functional: {\displaystyle S[A_{\mu }]=-{\frac {1}{4}}\int d^{4}xF_{\mu \nu }F^{\mu \nu }} (with {\displaystyle F_{\mu \nu }=\partial _{\mu }A_{\nu }-\partial _{\nu }A_{\mu }} and {\displaystyle A_{\mu }} is the dynamical field variable) that give rise to the conservation of all zilches using Noether's theorem. Until recently, the answer to this question had been given only for the case of optical chirality by Philbin in 2013. This open question was also emphasized by Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist in 2020, while these authors found the symmetries of the duality-symmetric Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches. (Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist did not find the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action, but they speculated that such symmetries should exist ). There are also earlier works studying the conservation of zilch in the context of duality-symmetric electromagnetism, but the variational character of the corresponding symmetries was not established. The full answer to the aforementioned question seems to have been given for the first time in 2022, where the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches were found. According to this work, there is a hidden invariance algebra of free Maxwell equations in potential form that is related to the conservation of all zilches.

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Zilch (electromagnetism)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilch_(electromagnetism)

2024-09-05T23:25:04Z

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{{Short description|Physics term; a conserved quantity of the electromagnetic field}} {{Tone|date=July 2023}} In [[physics]], '''zilch''' (or zilches) is a set of ten [[conserved quantities]] of the source-free [[electromagnetic field]], which were discovered by Daniel M. Lipkin in 1964.<ref name="Lipkin"/> The name refers to the fact that the zilches are only conserved in regions free of [[electric charge]], and therefore have limited physical significance. One of the conserved quantities (Lipkin's <math>Z^0</math>) has an intuitive physical interpretation and is also known as '''optical chirality'''. In particular, first, Lipkin observed that if he defined the quantities : <math> \begin{align} Z^0 & = \mathbf{E}\cdot \nabla \times\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{B} \cdot \nabla \times\mathbf{B} \\ \mathbf{Z} & = \frac{1}{c}\left ( \mathbf{E}\times\frac{d}{dt}\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{B} \times\frac{d}{dt} \mathbf{B} \right ) \end{align} </math> == Optical chirality == The free [[Maxwell equations]] imply that <math>\partial_0 Z^0 + \nabla \cdot \mathbf{Z} = 0</math>. The precedent equation implies that the quantity <math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> is constant. This time-independent quantity is one of the ten zilches discovered by Lipkin. Nowadays, the quantity <math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> is widely known as '''optical chirality''' (up to a factor of 1/2).<ref name="Tang">{{cite journal |last1=Tang |first1=Y. |last2=Cohen |first2=A.E. |date=2010 |title=Optical Chirality and Its Interaction with Matter |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] |volume=104 |issue=16 |pages=163901–1–4 |bibcode=2010PhRvL.104p3901T |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.163901 |pmid=20482049}}</ref> The quantity <math>{Z}^{0}</math> is the '''spatial density''' of optical chirality, while <math>\mathbf{Z}</math> is the '''optical chirality flux'''.<ref name="Tang" /> Generalizing the aforementioned differential conservation law for <math>Z^0</math>, Lipkin found other nine conservation laws, all unrelated to the [[stress–energy tensor]]. He collectively named these ten conserved quantities the zilch (nowadays, they are also called the zilches<ref name="Smith">{{cite journal | last1 = Smith | first1 = G | last2 = Strange | first2 = P | date = 2018 | title = Lipkin's conservation law in vacuum electromagnetic fields | journal = Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical | volume = 51 | issue = 43 | pages = 435204 | doi = 10.1088/1751-8121/aae15f | bibcode = 2018JPhA...51Q5204S | s2cid = 125795220 | url = https://kar.kent.ac.uk/69293/2/zilch3.pdf }}</ref>) because of the apparent lack of physical significance.<ref name="Lipkin">{{cite journal | last = Lipkin | first = D.M. | date = 1964 | title = Existence of a New Conservation Law in Electromagnetic Theory | journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] | volume = 5 | issue = 696 | pages = 696–700 | doi = 10.1063/1.1704165 | bibcode = 1964JMP.....5..696L }}</ref><ref>Wheeler, N.A. [http://www.reed.edu/physics/faculty/wheeler/documents/Electrodynamics/Class%20Notes/Chapter%203.pdf Classical electrodynamics course notes]. Reed College. 1980/81. p. 241-245 </ref> == Properties of zilch tensor == The zilch is often described in terms of the zilch tensor, <math>Z^\mu_{\nu\rho}</math>. The latter can be expressed using the [[dual (mathematics)|dual]] [[electromagnetic tensor]] <math>\hat{F}^{\mu\nu}=(1/2)\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}F_{\rho\sigma}</math> as <math>Z^\mu_{\nu\rho} = \hat{F}^{\mu\lambda}F_{\lambda\nu,\rho} - F^{\mu\lambda} \hat{F}_{\lambda\nu,\rho}</math>.<ref name="kibble">{{cite journal | last = Kibble | first = T.W.B. | date = 1965 | title = Conservation Laws for Free Fields | journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] | volume = 6 | issue = 7 | pages = 1022–1026 | doi = 10.1063/1.1704363 | bibcode = 1965JMP.....6.1022K }}</ref> The zilch tensor is symmetric under the exchange of its first two [[Indices (maths)|indices]], <math>\mu</math> and <math>\nu</math>, while it is also [[Trace (linear algebra)|traceless]] with respect to any two indices, as well as [[divergence-free]] with respect to any index.<ref name="kibble" /> The conservation law <math>\partial_{\rho}Z^{\mu \nu \rho}=0</math> means that the following ten quantities are time-independent: :<math> \int d^{3}x Z^{\mu \nu 0}=\int d^{3}x Z^{\nu \mu 0}. </math> :These are the ten zilches (or just the zilch) discovered by Lipkin.<ref name="Lipkin" /> In fact, only nine zilches are independent.<ref name="kibble" /> :The time-independent quantity <math>\int d^{3}x Z^{000}</math> is known as the 00-zilch <ref name="Lipkin" /> and is equal to the aforementioned '''optical chirality''' :<math>\int Z^0 \, d^3x</math> (<math> Z^{000}=Z^{0}</math>). :In general, the time-independent quantity <math>\int d^{3}x Z^{\mu \nu 0}</math> is known as the <math>\mu \nu</math>-zilch <ref name="Lipkin" /> (the indices <math>\mu, \nu</math> run from 0 to 3) and it is clear that there are ten such quantities (nine independent). It was later demonstrated that Lipkin's zilch is part of an infinite number of zilch-like conserved quantities, a general property of free [[Field_(physics)|fields]].<ref name=kibble/> == History == One of the zilches has been rediscovered. This is the zilch called "optical chirality", named by Tang and Cohen, since this zilch determines the degree of chiral asymmetry in the rate of excitation of a small chiral molecule by an incident electromagnetic field.<ref name=Tang/> A further physical insight of optical chirality was offered in 2012; optical chirality is to the curl or time derivative of the electromagnetic field, what helicity, spin and related quantities are to the electromagnetic field itself.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Cameron | first1 = R. P. | last2 = Barnett | first2 = Stephen M. | last3 = Yao | first3 = Alison M | date = 2012 | title = Optical helicity, optical spin and related quantities in electromagnetic theory | journal = New Journal of Physics | volume = 14 | issue = 5 | pages = 053050 | doi = 10.1088/1367-2630/14/5/053050 | bibcode = 2012NJPh...14e3050C | s2cid = 54593793 | doi-access= free }}</ref> The physical interpretation of all zilches for topologically non-trivial electromagnetic fields was investigated in 2018.<ref name=Smith/> Since the discovery of the ten zilches in 1964, there is an important open mathematical question concerning their relation with symmetries. (Recently, the full answer to this question seems to have been found <ref name=Letsios/>). This is the question: What are the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action functional: <math>S[A_{\mu}]= -\frac{1}{4} \int d^{4}x F_{\mu \nu}F^{\mu \nu}</math> (with <math>F_{\mu \nu}=\partial_{\mu}A_{\nu} - \partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}</math> and <math>A_{\mu}</math> is the dynamical field variable) that give rise to the conservation of all zilches using [[Noether's theorem]]. Until recently, the answer to this question had been given only for the case of optical chirality by Philbin in 2013.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Philbin | first1 = T.G. | date = 2013 | title = Lipkin's conservation law, Noether's theorem, and the relation to optical helicity | journal = [[Phys. Rev. A]] | volume = 87 | issue = 4 | pages = 043843 | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043843 | arxiv = 1303.0687 | bibcode = 2013PhRvA..87d3843P | doi-access= free }}</ref> This open question was also emphasized by Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist in 2020,<ref name="Aghapour">{{cite journal | last1 = Aghapour | first1 = Sajad | last2 = Andersson | first2 = Lars | last3 = Rosquist | first3 = Kjell | date = 2020 | title = The zilch electromagnetic conservation law revisited | journal = [[Journal of Mathematical Physics]] | volume = 61 | issue = 12 | pages = 122902 | doi = 10.1063/1.5126487 | arxiv = 1904.08639 | bibcode = 2020JMP....61l2902A | doi-access= free }}</ref> while these authors found the symmetries of the duality-symmetric Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches. (Aghapour, Andersson and Rosquist did not find the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action, but they speculated that such symmetries should exist <ref name="Aghapour" />). There are also earlier works studying the conservation of zilch in the context of duality-symmetric electromagnetism,<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Cameron | first1 = R.P. | last2 = Barnett | first2 = S.M. | date = 2012 | title = Electric–magnetic symmetry and Noether's theorem | journal = [[New Journal of Physics]] | volume = 14 | issue = 12 | pages = 123019 | doi = 10.1088/1367-2630/14/12/123019 | bibcode = 2012NJPh...14l3019C | doi-access= free }}</ref> but the variational character of the corresponding symmetries was not established. The full answer to the aforementioned question seems to have been given for the first time in 2022,<ref name=Letsios>{{cite journal | last1 = A. Letsios | first1 = V. | date = 2022 |arxiv= 2211.06798v1 | title = Continuity equations for all Lipkin's zilches from symmetries of the standard electromagnetic action and Noether's theorem }}</ref> where the symmetries of the standard Maxwell action underlying the conservation of all zilches were found. According to this work, there is a hidden invariance algebra of free Maxwell equations in potential form that is related to the conservation of all zilches. ==See also== * [[Conservation law]] * [[Noether's theorem]] ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Electromagnetism]] [[Category:Conservation laws]] [[Category:Chirality]]

1,244,252,280

[]

true

# 7 for All Mankind 7 For All Mankind (often referred to simply as 7FAM) is an American denim brand founded by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan in 2000 and headquartered in Vernon, California. It was purchased by the VF Corporation in 2007 and sold to Delta Galil Industries in 2016. 7 For All Mankind jeans are characteristically tight-fitting and mid-rise. ## History 7 for All Mankind began by designing women's jeans. A men's jeans line was introduced in fall 2002, and its Children Denim Collection in fall 2005. The brand is sold in over 80 countries including Europe, Canada, and Japan. Dahan and Glasser, denim designers who had worked in the apparel industry for years, created the company in response to what they saw as a void in the contemporary denim market. Focusing on female denim wearers, it has been stated that the company was successful because of the fit, fabrics, washes, attention to detail, and the logo on the product's back pockets. 7 For All Mankind's proximity to Los Angeles makes the brand popular with celebrities, including Prince Harry.

enwiki/1926863

enwiki

1,926,863

7 for All Mankind

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_for_All_Mankind

2025-06-27T23:06:52Z

en

Q270013

19,453

{{short description|American denim brand}} {{Infobox company | name = 7 for All Mankind | logo = 7 for all mankind.jpg | type = | industry = Clothing | founder = Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan | hq_location = [[Vernon, California]] | hq_location_city = | key_people = | brands = | num_employees = | website = {{url|https://7forallmankind.com/}} }} '''7 For All Mankind''' (often referred to simply as '''7FAM''') is an American [[denim]] brand founded by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan in 2000 and headquartered in [[Vernon, California]].<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-mar-11-fi-seven11-story.html Vernon Jeans Maker Sells 50% Stake to Raise Cash]</ref> It was purchased by the [[VF Corporation]] in 2007 and sold to [[Delta Galil Industries]] in 2016. 7 For All Mankind jeans are characteristically tight-fitting and mid-rise.<ref>Jeans' genes part of price tag formula, ''[[Contra Costa Times]]'', November 8, 2006, Business and Financial section.</ref> ==History== 7 for All Mankind began by designing women's jeans. A men's jeans line was introduced in fall 2002, and its Children Denim Collection in fall 2005. The brand is sold in over 80 countries including [[Europe]], [[Canada]], and [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite web | title=7 for All Mankind: About Us | url=http://www.7forallmankind.com/about_us.html | access-date=2007-01-03 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070103014835/http://www.7forallmankind.com/about_us.html| archive-date= 3 January 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref> Dahan and Glasser, denim designers who had worked in the [[apparel industry]] for years, created the company in response to what they saw as a void in the contemporary denim market. Focusing on female denim wearers, it has been stated that the company was successful because of the fit, [[fabric]]s, washes, attention to detail, and the [[logo]] on the product's back pockets.<ref name="ReferenceA">Denim has legs, ''[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]]'', October 5, 2005</ref> 7 For All Mankind's proximity to Los Angeles makes the brand popular with celebrities,<ref>Haute List, ''[[The New York Post]]'', April 26, 2007</ref> including [[Prince Harry]].<ref>[http://www.denimblog.com/2012/06/prince-harry-in-7-for-all-mankind-jeans/ denimblog.com] June 2012</ref> [[File:Seven For All Mankind logo.jpg|thumb|7 For All Mankind's Signature pocket stitching]] ==See also== *[[List of denim jeans brands]] ==References== <references/> ==External links== *[http://www.7forallmankind.com/ Official site] {{DEFAULTSORT:7 For All Mankind}} [[Category:Companies based in Los Angeles]] [[Category:Retail companies established in 2000]] [[Category:Clothing brands of the United States]] [[Category:2000s fashion]] [[Category:2010s fashion]] [[Category:Jeans by brand]] [[Category:2000 establishments in California]] [[Category:Retail companies based in California]]

1,297,700,764

[{"title": "7 for All Mankind", "data": {"Industry": "Clothing", "Founder": "Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan", "Headquarters": "Vernon, California", "Website": "7forallmankind.com"}}]

false

# Čechy (Přerov District) Čechy is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. Čechy lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Přerov, 28 km (17 mi) south-east of Olomouc, and 236 km (147 mi) east of Prague. ## Demographics | Year | Pop. | ±% | | ---------------- | ---- | ------ | | 1869 | 372 | — | | 1880 | 366 | −1.6% | | 1890 | 390 | +6.6% | | 1900 | 441 | +13.1% | | 1910 | 489 | +10.9% | | 1921 | 468 | −4.3% | | 1930 | 478 | +2.1% | | 1950 | 384 | −19.7% | | 1961 | 439 | +14.3% | | 1970 | 411 | −6.4% | | 1980 | 405 | −1.5% | | 1991 | 344 | −15.1% | | 2001 | 331 | −3.8% | | 2011 | 325 | −1.8% | | 2021 | 286 | −12.0% | | Source: Censuses | | |

enwiki/23858806

enwiki

23,858,806

Čechy (Přerov District)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cechy_(P%C5%99erov_District)

2025-06-09T08:24:25Z

en

Q338169

69,154

{{Infobox settlement | name = Čechy | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Obec|Municipality]]  | image_skyline = Čechy (PR), zvonice.JPG | image_caption = Belfry in the centre of Čechy | image_flag = Čechy PR flag.gif | image_shield = Čechy_PR_znak.png  | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{CZE}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Olomouc Region|Olomouc]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Přerov District|Přerov]]  | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Czech Republic | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic | coordinates = {{coord|49|25|45|N|17|32|4|E|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes =  | leader_title = | leader_name =  | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1358  | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 4.55  | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 226  | population_as_of = 2025-01-01 | population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2025|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/population-of-municipalities-t4l3n8d2iw|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2025-05-16}}</ref> | population_total = 332 | population_density_km2 = auto  | timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset1_DST = +2  | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 751 15 | area_code_type = | area_code =  | website = {{URL|https://www.cechyobec.cz/}} | footnotes = }} '''Čechy''' is a municipality and village in [[Přerov District]] in the [[Olomouc Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 300 inhabitants. Čechy lies approximately {{convert|7|km|mi|0}} south-east of [[Přerov]], {{convert|28|km|mi|abbr=on}} south-east of [[Olomouc]], and {{convert|236|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Prague]]. ==Demographics== {{historical populations |align=none|cols=1 |1869|372 |1880|366 |1890|390 |1900|441 |1910|489 |1921|468 |1930|478 |1950|384 |1961|439 |1970|411 |1980|405 |1991|344 |2001|331 |2011|325 |2021|286 |source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category|Čechy (Přerov District)}} *{{official|https://www.cechyobec.cz/}} {{Přerov District}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cechy}} [[Category:Villages in Přerov District]] {{Olomouc-geo-stub}}

1,294,698,557

[{"title": "\u010cechy", "data": {"Country": "Czech Republic", "Region": "Olomouc", "District": "P\u0159erov", "First mentioned": "1358"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "4.55 km2 (1.76 sq mi)", "Elevation": "226 m (741 ft)"}}, {"title": "Population (2025-01-01)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "332", "\u2022 Density": "73/km2 (190/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC+1 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+2 (CEST)", "Postal code": "751 15", "Website": "www.cechyobec.cz"}}]

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enwiki/72740830

enwiki

72,740,830

Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_Individual_Speedway_Championship

2025-05-02T14:05:32Z

en

Q116457212

64,112

{{Short description|Motorcycle speedway championship}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}} {{Use British English|date=November 2023}} {{Infobox Sports league | title = Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship | current_season = | logo = | pixels = | caption = | sport = [[Motorcycle speedway]] | founded = 1978 | most_champs = [[Matej Žagar]] (18)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wwosbackup.proboards.com/thread/952/matej-zagar |title=Matej Zagar |website=WWOS backup |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> }} The '''Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship''' is a [[Motorcycle speedway]] championship held each year to determine the Slovenian national champion. It was first staged in 1978.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historyspeedway.nstrefa.pl/indmslowenii.php |title=Individual Slovenian Championship |website=Historia Sportu Zuzlowego |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://speedwayfansite.com/champs/sloim.html |title=Individual Championship of Slovenia |website=Speedway Fansite |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> [[Matej Žagar]] holds the record, winning 18 championships.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://britishspeedway.co.uk/player/zagar-matej/ |title=ŽAGAR, MATEJ |website=British Speedway|access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> ==Winners== {| class="wikitable" |- align=center |width=40px {{Speedway color|4}} |'''Year''' |width=300px {{Speedway color|P1}}|'''Winner''' |width=300px {{Speedway color|P2}}|2nd |width=300px {{Speedway color|P3}}|3rd |- |align=center|1978||[[Stefan Kekec]] || || |- |align=center|1979||[[Jože Mavsar]] || || |- |align=center|1980||[[Stefan Kekec]] || || |- |align=center|1981||[[Stefan Kekec]] || || |- |align=center|1982||[[Stefan Kekec]] || || |- |align=center|1983||[[Joze Zibert]] || || |- |align=center|1984||[[Krešo Omerzel]] || || |- |align=center|1985||[[Franc Zagar]] || || |- |align=center|1986||[[Arthur Horvat]] || || |- |align=center|1987||[[Arthur Horvat]] || || |- |align=center|1988||[[Zvonko Pavlic]] || || |- |align=center|1989||[[Martin Peterca]] || || |- |align=center|1990||[[Gregor Pintar]] || || |- |align=center|1991||[[Gregor Pintar]] || [[Roman Spitaler]] || [[Gerhard Lekse]] |- |align=center|1992||[[Gregor Pintar]] || [[Martin Peterca]] || [[Krešo Omerzel]] |- |align=center|1993||[[Krešo Omerzel]] || [[Martin Peterca]] || [[Gerhard Lekse]] |- |align=center|1994||[[Gerhard Lekse]] || [[Martin Peterca]] || [[Roman Spitaler]] |- |align=center|1995||[[Gregor Pintar]] || [[Martin Peterca]] || [[Izak Šantej]] |- |align=center|1996||[[Gregor Pintar]] || [[Krešo Omerzel]] || [[Gerhard Lekse]] |- |align=center|1997||[[Matej Ferjan]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Gerhard Lekse]] |- |align=center|1998||[[Matej Ferjan]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Martin Peterca]] |- |align=center|1999||[[Matej Ferjan]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Thomas Sustersic]] |- |align=center|2000||[[Matej Ferjan]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Thomas Sustersic]] |- |align=center|2001||[[Matej Ferjan]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] |- |align=center|2002||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] |- |align=center|2003||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] |- |align=center|2004||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Denis Štojs]] |- |align=center|2005||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] || [[Ales Kraljic]] |- |align=center|2006||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] |- |align=center|2007||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Jernej Kolenko]] || [[Izak Šantej]] |- |align=center|2008||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Izak Šantej]] || [[Denis Štojs]] |- |align=center|2009||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Maks Gregorič]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] |- |align=center|2010||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] || [[Ales Kraljic]] |- |align=center|2011||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Only Kukovic]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] |- |align=center|2012||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Maks Gregorič]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] |- |align=center|2013||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] || [[Matic Voldrih]] |- |align=center|2014||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Maks Gregorič]] || [[Matic Voldrih]] |- |align=center|2015||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Aleksander Čonda]] || [[Maks Gregoric]] |- |align=center|2016||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Nick Škorja]] || [[Denis Štojs]] |- |align=center|2017||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Nick Škorja]] || [[Denis Štojs]] |- |align=center|2018||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Matic Ivačič]] || [[Nick Škorja]] |- |align=center|2019||[[Matej Žagar]] || [[Matic Ivačič]] || [[Denis Štojs]] |- |align=center|2020||[[Matic Ivačič]] || [[Nick Škorja]] || [[Anže Grmek]] |- |align=center|2021||[[Matic Ivačič]] || [[Anže Grmek]] || [[Nick Škorja]] |- |align=center|2022||[[Matic Ivačič]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fimspeedway.com/news/slovenias-ivacic-handed-smederna-spot |title=SLOVENIA'S IVACIC HANDED SMEDERNA SPOT |website=FIM |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> || [[Nick Škorja]] || [[Anže Grmek]] |- |align=center|2023||[[Matic Ivačič]] || [[Anže Grmek]] || [[Julian Kuny]] |} ==See also== [[Slovenia national speedway team]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{International speedway}} [[Category:National speedway championships|Slovenia]]

1,288,417,502

[{"title": "Slovenian Individual Speedway Championship", "data": {"Sport": "Motorcycle speedway", "Founded": "1978", "Most titles": "Matej \u017dagar (18)"}}]

false

# Ada Herefords The Ada Herefords was a minor league baseball team based in Ada, Oklahoma. From 1947 to 1954, the Herefords played exclusively as a member of the Class D level Sooner State League, winning the league pennant in 1950. The Herefords were a minor league affiliate of the St. Louis Browns from 1947 to 1953 and remained an affiliate when St. Louis relocated to become the Baltimore Orioles in 1954. Ada Hosted minor league home games at Hereford Park. ## History Minor league baseball began in Ada, Oklahoma with the 1947 Ada Herefords. The Ada Herefords were charter members of the six–team Sooner State League in 1947, joining the Ardmore Indians, Duncan Cementers, Lawton Giants, McAlester Rockets and Seminole Oilers in league play. In their first season of play, the 1947 Ada Herefords placed 2nd in the Sooner State League with an 86–51 record in the regular season, playing as an affiliate of the St. Louis Browns. They would remain an affiliate of the Browns franchise throughout their existence. Ada finished 10.5 games behind the 1st place Lawton Giants, while playing the season under manager Uke Clanton. In the 1947 playoffs, the McAlester Rockets defeated the Ada Herefords 3 games to 2. Paul Richardville of Ada led the Sooner State League with 11 home runs and 111 RBI, while Forest Smith led the league with 23 wins and a 2.47 ERA and William Donaghey led the league with 244 strikeouts. The Ada home season attendance was 41,872, an average of 611 per game. The 1948 Sooner State League expanded to eight teams. Ada finished with a 63–76 record, placing 5th in the 1948 Sooner State League regular season standings, playing under returning manager Uke Clanton. The Herefords did not qualify for the playoffs, finishing the season 28.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets. The Sooner State League expanded from six–teams to eight–teams, adding the Chickasha Chiefs and Pauls Valley Raiders as expansion teams. The Ada season attendance in 1948 was 27,050. The Ada Herefords made the Sooner State League playoffs in 1949. Ada finished with a 69–70 record and in 4th place in the regular season standings, finishing 18.5 games behind the 1st place Pauls Valley Raiders, playing under manager Bill Krueger. In the playoffs, the Pauls Valley Raiders defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Ada player Bill Milligan led the Sooner State League with 23 home runs. Season attendance at Hereford Park was 33,525. In 1950, Ada captured the Sooner State League pennant, playing under returning manager Bill Krueger. The Ada Herefords finished the regular season in first place 1st with a 96–41 record, ending the season 5.5 games ahead of 2nd place McAlester Rockets. In the 1950 playoffs, the Ardmore Indians defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Stephen Molinari of Ava led the Sooner State League with 39 home runs and 163 RBI, while teammate William Donaghey led the league with 23 wins. Season attendance was 31,981. The 1951 Ada Herefords did not qualify for the Sooner State League playoffs, finishing in 5th place. The Herefords ended with a 54–86 record in the regular season, playing under manager Stan Galle and finishing 45.5 games behind the 1st place Ardmore Indians. Attendance was 12,779, an average of 183 per game. Ada missed the playoffs in 1952, as the Herefords finished in 7th place with a 57–82 record. Former manager Uke Clanton became president of the Sooner State League, a position he would hold for the remainder of the league's play. Playing under managers Bill Enos, Virl Loman and Jim England, the Herefords finished 29.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets in the eight–team league. McAlester drew 38,387 to Hereford Park for the season. The 1953 Ada Herefords advanced to the Sooner State League Finals. Ada finished with an 84–54 record, placing 3rd in the regular season standings. Ada played under manager Louis Browner and finished 7.5 games behind the Ardmore Cardinals. In the 1953 playoffs, Ada had their first and only playoff series victory, as the Ada Herefords defeated the Shawnee Hawks 3 games to 1 in the semi-finals. In the Finals, the McAlester Rockets defeated Ada 4 games to 1 and captured the championship. Ava players Ron Slawski and Bob Norden tied for the Sooner State League lead in home runs with 31 each and teammate J.L. Rhodes led the league with 21 wins. Ada's season attendance was 36,128. Ada played their final minor league season in 1954, changing their moniker to the Ada Cementers in mid–season. The franchise became an affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles, as the St. Louis Browns had relocated to Baltimore in 1954. The 1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers ended the Sooner State League regular season in 6th place with a 64–76 record, playing under managers Louis Brower and John Densmore, finishing 28.0 games behind the Shawnee Hawks. Ada drew 28,482 fans for home games, an average 407 per game in their final minor league season. The Ada minor league franchise permanently folded after the 1954. Fellow league member Pauls Valley Raiders folded also. Ada and Pauls Valley were replaced in the 1955 Sooner State League by the Muskogee Giants and Paris Orioles. Ada, Oklahoma has not hosted another minor league team. ## The ballpark The Ada minor league teams were noted to have played minor league home games at Hereford Park. The ballpark was located at the Pontotoc County fairgrounds on North Broadway Avenue. The field, which was also used as a rodeo arena, had an unusual asymmetrical shape featuring a short right field porch and extremely long third base foul line. The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center, 1710 North Broadway, now stands on the site. ## Timeline | Year(s) | # Yrs. | Team | Level | League | Affiliate | | --------- | ------ | ------------- | ------- | ------------------- | ----------------- | | 1947–1954 | 8 | Ada Herefords | Class D | Sooner State League | St. Louis Browns | | 1954 | 0.5 | Ada Cementers | Class D | Sooner State League | Baltimore Orioles | ## Season–by–season | Year | Record | Manager | Finish | Playoffs/Notes | | ---- | ------ | ------------------------------------ | ------ | ------------------- | | 1947 | 86–51 | Uke Clanton | 2nd | Lost in First Round | | 1948 | 63–76 | Uke Clanton | 5th | Did not qualify | | 1949 | 69–70 | Bill Krueger | 4th | Lost in First Round | | 1950 | 96–41 | Bill Krueger | 1st | Lost in First Round | | 1951 | 54–56 | Stan Galle | 5th | Did not qualify | | 1952 | 57–82 | Bill Enos / Virl Loman / Jim England | 7th | Did not qualify | | 1953 | 84–54 | Louis Brower | 3rd | Lost League Finals | | 1954 | 64–76 | Louis Brower / John Densmore | 6th | Did not qualify | ## Notable alumni - Louis Brower (1953–1954, MGR) - Uke Clanton (1947–1948, MGR) - Stan Galle (1951, MGR) - Charlie Rabe (1952) - Woody Smith (1949) - Bill Upton (1948) - Jim Walton (1954) - Joe Wood (1947) (son of Smoky Joe Wood) - Ada Herefords players ## External references - Baseball Reference

enwiki/63565708

enwiki

63,565,708

Ada Herefords

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Herefords

2025-05-04T09:43:12Z

en

Q96371454

119,567

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox Minor League Baseball | name =Ada Herefords | firstseason =1947 | lastseason =1954 | allyears = | city =Ada, Oklahoma | logo = | uniformlogo = | class level =[[Class D (baseball)|Class D]] (1947–1954) | league =[[Sooner State League]] (1947–1954) | majorleague =[[St. Louis Browns]] (1947–1953) [[Baltimore Orioles]] (1954) | nickname ='''Ada Herefords''' (1947–1954) Ada Cementers (1954) | ballpark =Hereford Park (1947–1954) | classnum = | classchamps = | leaguenum =0 | leaguechamps =None | confnum =1 | conferencechamps =1950 | divnum = | divisionchamps = | wildcardnum =3 | wildcardberths ={{hlist|1947|1949|1953}} }} The '''Ada Herefords''' was a [[minor league baseball]] team based in [[Ada, Oklahoma]]. From 1947 to 1954, the Herefords played exclusively as a member of the [[Class D (baseball)|Class D]] level [[Sooner State League]], winning the league pennant in 1950. The Herefords were a minor league affiliate of the [[St. Louis Browns]] from 1947 to 1953 and remained an affiliate when St. Louis relocated to become the [[Baltimore Orioles]] in 1954. Ada Hosted minor league home games at Hereford Park. ==History== Minor league baseball began in Ada, Oklahoma with the 1947 Ada Herefords. The Ada Herefords were charter members of the six–team [[Sooner State League]] in 1947, joining the [[Ardmore Indians]], [[Duncan Cementers]], [[Lawton Giants]], [[McAlester Rockets]] and [[Seminole Oilers]] in league play.<ref name="encyc">{{cite book |title=The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball |editor1=Lloyd Johnson |editor2=Miles Wolff |edition=Third |publisher=[[Baseball America]] |date=2007 |isbn=978-1932391176}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=SO009 |title=Sooner State League | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture |publisher=Okhistory.org |date= |accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=Ada, Oklahoma Encyclopedia|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=25b6ceef|title=1947 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In their first season of play, the 1947 Ada Herefords placed 2nd in the Sooner State League with an 86–51 record in the regular season, playing as an affiliate of the [[St. Louis Browns]]. They would remain an affiliate of the Browns franchise throughout their existence. Ada finished 10.5 games behind the 1st place Lawton Giants, while playing the season under manager [[Uke Clanton]]. In the 1947 playoffs, the McAlester Rockets defeated the Ada Herefords 3 games to 2. Paul Richardville of Ada led the Sooner State League with 11 home runs and 111 RBI, while Forest Smith led the league with 23 wins and a 2.47 ERA and William Donaghey led the league with 244 strikeouts. The Ada home season attendance was 41,872, an average of 611 per game.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1947|title=1947 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1947|title=1947 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1947 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1948 Sooner State League expanded to eight teams. Ada finished with a 63–76 record, placing 5th in the 1948 Sooner State League regular season standings, playing under returning manager Uke Clanton. The Herefords did not qualify for the playoffs, finishing the season 28.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets. The Sooner State League expanded from six–teams to eight–teams, adding the Chickasha Chiefs and [[Pauls Valley Raiders]] as expansion teams. The Ada season attendance in 1948 was 27,050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1948|title=1948 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1948|title=1948 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1948 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Ada Herefords made the Sooner State League playoffs in 1949. Ada finished with a 69–70 record and in 4th place in the regular season standings, finishing 18.5 games behind the 1st place [[Pauls Valley Raiders]], playing under manager Bill Krueger. In the playoffs, the Pauls Valley Raiders defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Ada player Bill Milligan led the Sooner State League with 23 home runs. Season attendance at Hereford Park was 33,525.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1949|title=1949 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1949|title=1949 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1949 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=3fdb5e80|title=1949 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In 1950, Ada captured the Sooner State League pennant, playing under returning manager Bill Krueger. The Ada Herefords finished the regular season in first place 1st with a 96–41 record, ending the season 5.5 games ahead of 2nd place McAlester Rockets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=fd44a5bd|title=1950 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> In the 1950 playoffs, the Ardmore Indians defeated Ada 3 games to 2. Stephen Molinari of Ava led the Sooner State League with 39 home runs and 163 RBI, while teammate William Donaghey led the league with 23 wins. Season attendance was 31,981.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1950|title=1950 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1950|title=1950 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1950 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1951 Ada Herefords did not qualify for the Sooner State League playoffs, finishing in 5th place.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=6571f480|title=1951 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Herefords ended with a 54–86 record in the regular season, playing under manager [[Stan Galle]] and finishing 45.5 games behind the 1st place Ardmore Indians. Attendance was 12,779, an average of 183 per game.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1951|title=1951 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1951|title=1951 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1951 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada missed the playoffs in 1952, as the Herefords finished in 7th place with a 57–82 record.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=a28da7fa|title=1952 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Former manager Uke Clanton became president of the Sooner State League, a position he would hold for the remainder of the league's play. Playing under managers Bill Enos, Virl Loman and Jim England, the Herefords finished 29.5 games behind the 1st place McAlester Rockets in the eight–team league. McAlester drew 38,387 to Hereford Park for the season.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1952|title=1952 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1952|title=1952 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1952 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The 1953 Ada Herefords advanced to the Sooner State League Finals. Ada finished with an 84–54 record, placing 3rd in the regular season standings. Ada played under manager [[Louis Browner]] and finished 7.5 games behind the [[Ardmore Cardinals]]. In the 1953 playoffs, Ada had their first and only playoff series victory, as the Ada Herefords defeated the [[Shawnee Hawks]] 3 games to 1 in the semi-finals. In the Finals, the McAlester Rockets defeated Ada 4 games to 1 and captured the championship. Ava players Ron Slawski and Bob Norden tied for the Sooner State League lead in home runs with 31 each and teammate J.L. Rhodes led the league with 21 wins. Ada's season attendance was 36,128.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1953|title=1953 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1953|title=1953 Ada Herefords Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1953 Ada Herefords Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=4f9ab9a0|title=1953 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada played their final minor league season in 1954, changing their moniker to the '''Ada Cementers''' in mid–season. The franchise became an affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles, as the St. Louis Browns had relocated to Baltimore in 1954. The 1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers ended the Sooner State League regular season in 6th place with a 64–76 record, playing under managers Louis Brower and John Densmore, finishing 28.0 games behind the [[Shawnee Hawks]]. Ada drew 28,482 fans for home games, an average 407 per game in their final minor league season.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/l-SOSL/y-1954|title=1954 Sooner State League (SSL) on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref name="encyc"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-ah10022/y-1954|title=1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers Roster on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi|title=1954 Ada Herefords/Cementers Statistics|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=1fbcfdcb|title=1954 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> The Ada minor league franchise permanently folded after the 1954. Fellow league member Pauls Valley Raiders folded also. Ada and Pauls Valley were replaced in the 1955 Sooner State League by the [[Muskogee Giants]] and [[Paris Orioles]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=f6ad9e32|title=1955 Sooner State League|website=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref> Ada, Oklahoma has not hosted another minor league team.<ref name="auto"/> ==The ballpark== The Ada minor league teams were noted to have played minor league home games at '''Hereford Park'''. The ballpark was located at the Pontotoc County fairgrounds on North Broadway Avenue. The field, which was also used as a rodeo arena, had an unusual asymmetrical shape featuring a short right field porch and extremely long third base foul line. The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center, 1710 North Broadway, now stands on the site.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/ada-evening-news-may-14-1947-p-10/|title=Advertisement, Seminole Oilers vs. Ada Herefords, Ada Evening News, May 14, 1947, p.10|website=newspaperarchive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/ada-evening-news-apr-02-1950-p-10/|title=Outlook Bright for Ada Herefords, Ada Evening News, Apr. 2, 1950, p.10|website=newspaperarchive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Baseball-Cross-Timbers-Sooner-League/dp/188559674X/|title=Peter G. Pierce, Baseball in the Cross Timbers: The Story of the Sooner State League|website=www.amazon.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/venues/v-20|title=Hereford Park in Ada, OK history and teams on StatsCrew.com|website=www.statscrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://digitalballparks.com/Browns.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606015940/http://www.digitalballparks.com/Browns.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 6, 2016 |title=St. Louis Browns Affiliation Listing of Major League Baseball Stadiums and Minor League Ballparks |publisher=Digitalballparks.com |date=2001-08-11 |accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pontotoccountyfairada.com/ |title=Pontotoc County Free Fair |publisher=Pontotoccountyfairada.com |date= |accessdate=2020-04-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.visitpontotoc.com/Agriplex/|title=The Pontotoc County Agri-Plex and Convention Center|website=www.visitpontotoc.com}}</ref> [[File:Ada, Oklahoma from the South.jpg|thumb|(2014) Ada, Oklahoma]] ==Timeline== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 95%;" ! Year(s) !! # Yrs. !! Team !! Level !! League!!Affiliate |- |1947–1954||8||Ada Herefords||rowspan=2|[[Class D (baseball)|Class D]]||rowspan=2|[[Sooner State League]]||[[St. Louis Browns]] |- |1954|| 0.5 || Ada Cementers ||[[Baltimore Orioles]] |- |} ==Season–by–season== {|class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Record ! Manager ! Finish ! Playoffs/Notes |- |1947 || 86–51 ||[[Uke Clanton]]|| 2nd || Lost in First Round |- |1948 || 63–76 || Uke Clanton ||5th || Did not qualify |- |1949 || 69–70 ||Bill Krueger|| 4th || Lost in First Round |- |1950 || 96–41 ||Bill Krueger|| 1st || Lost in First Round |- |1951 || 54–56 || [[Stan Galle]] || 5th || Did not qualify |- |1952 || 57–82|| Bill Enos / Virl Loman / Jim England || 7th || Did not qualify |- |1953 || 84–54 || [[Louis Brower]]|| 3rd || Lost League Finals |- |1954 || 64–76 ||Louis Brower / John Densmore || 6th || Did not qualify |} ==Notable alumni== {{div col|colwidth=25em}} *[[Louis Brower]] (1953–1954, MGR) *[[Uke Clanton]] (1947–1948, MGR) *[[Stan Galle]] (1951, MGR) *[[Charlie Rabe]] (1952) *[[Woody Smith]] (1949) *[[Bill Upton]] (1948) *[[Jim Walton (baseball)|Jim Walton]] (1954) *[[Joe Wood (1944 pitcher)|Joe Wood]] (1947) (son of [[Smoky Joe Wood]]) {{Div col end}} *[[:Category:Ada Herefords players|Ada Herefords players]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External references== *[https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/team.cgi?city=Ada&state=OK&country=US Baseball Reference] [[Category:Defunct minor league baseball teams]] [[Category:Sports clubs and teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Baltimore Orioles minor league affiliates]] [[Category:St. Louis Browns minor league affiliates]] [[Category:Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Ada, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Baseball teams established in 1947]] [[Category:Baseball teams disestablished in 1954]] [[Category:Defunct baseball teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Professional baseball teams in Oklahoma]] [[Category:1947 establishments in Oklahoma]] [[Category:1954 disestablishments in Oklahoma]] [[Category:Sooner State League teams]]

1,288,702,767

[{"title": "Minor league affiliations", "data": {"Class": "Class D (1947\u20131954)", "League": "Sooner State League (1947\u20131954)"}}, {"title": "Major league affiliations", "data": {"Team": "St. Louis Browns (1947\u20131953) \u00b7 Baltimore Orioles (1954)"}}, {"title": "Minor league titles", "data": {"League titles (0)": "None", "Conference titles (1)": "1950", "Wild card berths (3)": "1947 1949 1953"}}, {"title": "Team data", "data": {"Name": "Ada Herefords (1947\u20131954) \u00b7 Ada Cementers (1954)", "Ballpark": "Hereford Park (1947\u20131954)"}}]

false

# Gold Lust Gold Lust (Catalan: Escanyapobres) is a 2024 Spanish historical drama film directed by Ibai Abad and co-written by Elisenda Gorgues based on the novel by Narcís Oller. It stars Alex Brendemühl and Mireia Vilapuig. ## Plot Set in the fictional village of Pratbell, against the backdrop of the arrival of train to a village in inner Catalonia in the late 19th century, the plot follows the actions of loan shark Oleguer as he preys on the masia belonging to the family of Cileta, who begins to learn about the corruptive power of money. ## Cast - Alex Brendemühl as Oleguer[2] - Mireia Vilapuig as Cileta[2] - Laura Conejero [ca] as Tuïes[6] - Quim Àvila as Eloi[6] - Boris Ruiz [ca] as Pere[6] - Juli Mira as don Magi[6] ## Production Gold Lust is a co-production by Abacus, Mayo Films, and Nakamura Films and it had the participation of 3Cat and À Punt. Shooting locations included La Saira, Crevillent, Salàs de Pallars, Calaf, Bellmunt del Priorat, Móra la Nova, and Mutxamel. ## Release For its world premiere on 20 April 2024, the film made it to the main competition slate of the BCN Film Fest. It is set to be released theatrically in Spain on 29 November 2024. ## Accolades | Year | Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result | Ref. | | ---- | -------------------- | -------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | --------- | ------ | | 2025 | 17th Gaudí Awards | Best Adapted Screenplay | Ibai Abad, Elisenda Gorgues | Nominated | [ 10 ] | | 2025 | 17th Gaudí Awards | Best New Performance | Mireia Vilapuig | Nominated | [ 10 ] | | 2025 | 7th Lola Gaos Awards | Best Cinematography and Lighting | Maria Codina | Won | [ 11 ] | | 2025 | 7th Lola Gaos Awards | Best Costume Design | Cristina Martín, Rocío Pastor | Won | [ 11 ] | | 2025 | 7th Lola Gaos Awards | Youth Prize for Best Film | Youth Prize for Best Film | Won | [ 11 ] |

enwiki/78439163

enwiki

78,439,163

Gold Lust

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Lust

2025-07-06T21:05:34Z

en

Q131318883

55,577

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}} {{Infobox film | native_name = {{Infobox name module|ca|Escanyapobres|nolink=yes}} | image = Gold Lust poster.jpg | caption = Film poster | director = Ibai Abad | screenplay = {{ubl|Ibai Abad|Elisenda Gorgues}} | based_on = {{Based on|''L'escanyapobres''|[[Narcís Oller]]}} | starring = {{ubl|[[Alex Brendemühl]]|[[Mireia Vilapuig]]|Laura Conejero|Quim Àvila|[[Juli Mira]]}} | cinematography = María Codina | editing = {{ubl|Ona Batrolí|Gerard Vila}} | producer = {{ubl|Marc Roma|Jordi Llorca|Sergi Grobas}} | music = Raquel Sánchez | studio = {{ubl|Abacus|Mayo Films|Nakamura Films}} | country = Spain | language = Catalan | released = {{Film date|2024|04|20|[[BCN Film Fest]]|2024|11|29|Spain|df=yes}} | distributor = Carácter Films }} '''''Gold Lust''''' ({{langx|ca|'''Escanyapobres'''|links=no}})<ref>{{Cite web|access-date=24 November 2024|website=Spanish Kaleidoscope|publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (Spain)|Ministerio de Cultura]]|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/mc/spanish-kaleidoscope/films/winter-spring24/gold-lust.html|title=Gold Lust [Escanyapobres]}}</ref> is a 2024 Spanish historical drama film directed by Ibai Abad and co-written by Elisenda Gorgues based on the novel by [[Narcís Oller]]. It stars [[Alex Brendemühl]] and [[Mireia Vilapuig]]. == Plot == Set in the fictional village of Pratbell, against the backdrop of the arrival of train to a village in inner Catalonia in the late 19th century, the plot follows the actions of [[loan shark]] Oleguer as he preys on the [[masia]] belonging to the family of Cileta, who begins to learn about the corruptive power of money.<ref name="freire" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20240419/9599223/bcn-film-fest-ibai-abad-escanyapobres-cine.html|website=[[La Vanguardia]]|date=19 April 2024|first=Francesc|last=Bombí-Vilaseca|title=Ibai Abad convierte la novela 'L'Escanyapobres' de Narcís Oller en un western mediterráneo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europapress.es/comunitat-valenciana/noticia-cinema-jove-preestrena-llobas-revision-clave-contemporanea-mito-hombre-lobo-20240627103129.html|website=[[Europa Press]]|date=27 June 2024|title=Cinema Jove preestrena 'Llobàs', una revisión "en clave contemporánea" del mito del hombre lobo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.3cat.cat/premsa/escanyapobres-el-poder-corrupte-dels-diners/nota-de-premsa/3155393/|website=3Cat|title="Escanyapobres", el poder corrupte dels diners|date=30 April 2022}}</ref> == Cast == {{Cast listing| * [[Alex Brendemühl]] as Oleguer<ref name="freire" /> * [[Mireia Vilapuig]] as Cileta<ref name="freire" /> * {{ill|Laura Conejero|ca}} as Tuïes<ref name="aisge">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aisge.es/los-estrenos-del-29-de-noviembre-escanyapobres|website=Aisge|date=24 November 2024|first=Alberto|last=Úbeda-Portugués|title=Los estrenos de 29 de noviembre. 'Escanyapobres. La ira del pueblo}}</ref> * Quim Àvila as Eloi<ref name="aisge" /> * {{ill|Boris Ruiz|ca}} as Pere<ref name="aisge" /> * [[Juli Mira]] as don Magi<ref name="aisge" /> }} == Production == Gold Lust is a co-production by Abacus, Mayo Films, and Nakamura Films and it had the participation of [[Televisió de Catalunya|3Cat]] and [[À Punt]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.3cat.cat/premsa/dues-produccions-participades-per-3cat-premiades-en-la-16a-edicio-del-fic-cat-la-festa-del-cinema-en-catala/nota-de-premsa/3297751/|date=11 June 2024|title=Dues produccions participades per 3Cat premiades en la 16a edició del FIC-CAT, la festa del cinema en català|website=3Cat}}</ref> Shooting locations included {{ill|La Saira|es}}, [[Crevillent]], [[Salàs de Pallars]], [[Calaf]], [[Bellmunt del Priorat]], [[Móra la Nova]], and [[Mutxamel]].<ref name="freire">{{Cite web|website=[[El Periódico de Catalunya]]|publisher=[[Prensa Ibérica]]|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/que-hacer/planes/20240416/localizaciones-catalunya-pelicula-escanyapobres-cine-101127694|date=16 April 2024|title=¿En qué paisajes de la Catalunya interior se rodó 'Escanyapobres', el wéstern mediterráneo con Àlex Brendemühl?|first=Juan Manuel|last=Freire}}</ref> == Release == For its world premiere on 20 April 2024, the film made it to the main competition slate of the [[BCN Film Fest]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcnfilmfest.com/es/seccion-oficial/2024/escanyapobres|website=BCN Film Fest|access-date=24 November 2024|title=Escanyapobres}}</ref> It is set to be released theatrically in Spain on 29 November 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.es/madrid/es/cine/estrenos-cine-mes|website=Time Out|title=Los mejores estrenos de cine de este mes en Madrid|date=4 November 2024|first=Àlex|last=Montoya}}</ref> == Accolades == {{Awards table|5}} |- | rowspan = "5" | {{center|2025}} | rowspan = "2" | [[17th Gaudí Awards]] | Best Adapted Screenplay || Ibai Abad, Elisenda Gorgues || {{nom}} | rowspan = "2" | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.3cat.cat/324/en-directe-premis-gaudi-2025-el-47-i-casa-en-flames-parteixen-com-a-favorites/noticia/3331088/|date=19 January 2025|title=Premis Gaudí: "El 47" triomfa en una gala que també reconeix el risc de "Polvo serán"|website=[[3/24]]|via=[[Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals|3Cat]]}}</ref> |- | Best New Performance || Mireia Vilapuig || {{nom}} |- | rowspan = "3" | 7th [[Lola Gaos Awards]] || Best Cinematography and Lighting || Maria Codina || {{won}} || rowspan = "3" | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ultimahora.es/noticias/comunidades/2025/02/01/2317641/casa-triunfa-premis-del-audiovisual-valenciano-galardones.html|website=[[Última Hora (Spain)|Última Hora]]|title='La Casa' triunfa en los Premis del Audiovisual Valenciano con 10 galardones|date=1 February 2025}}</ref> |- | Best Costume Design || Cristina Martín, Rocío Pastor || {{won}} |- | colspan = "2" | Youth Prize for Best Film || {{won}} |} == See also == * [[List of Spanish films of 2024]] == References == {{reflist}} {{authority control}} [[Category:2020s Catalan-language films]] [[Category:2020s Spanish films]] [[Category:Spanish drama films]] [[Category:Films set in Catalonia]] [[Category:Films set in the 19th century]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Lleida]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Alicante]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Tarragona]] [[Category:Films shot in the province of Barcelona]]

1,299,153,653

[{"title": "Gold Lust", "data": {"Catalan": "Escanyapobres", "Directed by": "Ibai Abad", "Screenplay by": "- Ibai Abad - Elisenda Gorgues", "Based on": "L'escanyapobres \u00b7 by Narc\u00eds Oller", "Produced by": "- Marc Roma - Jordi Llorca - Sergi Grobas", "Starring": "- Alex Brendem\u00fchl - Mireia Vilapuig - Laura Conejero - Quim \u00c0vila - Juli Mira", "Cinematography": "Mar\u00eda Codina", "Edited by": "- Ona Batrol\u00ed - Gerard Vila", "Music by": "Raquel S\u00e1nchez", "Production \u00b7 companies": "- Abacus - Mayo Films - Nakamura Films", "Distributed by": "Car\u00e1cter Films", "Release dates": "- 20 April 2024 (BCN Film Fest) - 29 November 2024 (Spain)", "Country": "Spain", "Language": "Catalan"}}]

false

# Yumi Kaeriyama Yumi Kaeriyama (帰山由美, Kaeriyama Yumi, born 31 May 1967) is a Japanese speed skater. She competed in three events at the 1992 Winter Olympics.

enwiki/56479615

enwiki

56,479,615

Yumi Kaeriyama

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yumi_Kaeriyama

2024-12-14T06:08:12Z

en

Q47539350

21,060

{{Short description|Japanese speed skater (born 1967)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}} {{Infobox speed skater | headercolor = #d7ecff | name = Yumi Kaeriyama | full_name = | image = | caption = | nationality = Japanese | sport = [[Speed skating]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1967|5|31|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Hokkaido]], Japan | death_date = | death_place = }} {{Nihongo|'''Yumi Kaeriyama'''|帰山由美|Kaeriyama Yumi|born 31 May 1967}} is a Japanese [[speed skating|speed skater]]. She competed in [[Speed skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics|three events]] at the [[1992 Winter Olympics]].<ref name="SportsRef">{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/yumi-kaeriyama-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417212555/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/yumi-kaeriyama-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 April 2020 |title=Yumi Kaeriyama Olympic Results |access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaeriyama, Yumi}} [[Category:1967 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Japanese female speed skaters]] [[Category:Olympic speed skaters for Japan]] [[Category:Speed skaters at the 1992 Winter Olympics]] [[Category:Speed skaters from Hokkaido]] [[Category:Speed skaters at the 1986 Asian Winter Games]] [[Category:20th-century Japanese sportswomen]] {{Japan-speed-skating-bio-stub}}

1,263,018,777

[{"title": "Yumi Kaeriyama", "data": {"Nationality": "Japanese", "Born": "31 May 1967 \u00b7 Hokkaido, Japan"}}, {"title": "Sport", "data": {"Sport": "Speed skating"}}]

false

# Coldwater High School (Ohio) Coldwater High School is a public high school located in Coldwater, Ohio. It is part of Coldwater Exempted Village Schools. ## Athletics Athletic teams are known as the Cavaliers. The school competes in the Ohio High School Athletic Association as a member of the Midwest Athletic Conference. They have captured over 100 league championships in various MAC-sanctioned sports since 1973. The Cavaliers have a total of 31 team State Championships in various OHSAA sports. The Coldwater football team is in 2nd place for the most state titles (8) by a public school since the playoff system began in 1972. That is 7 behind fellow MAC member Marion Local who has 15 state football titles. ### State Championships - Football - 2005, 2007, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2020, 2024 - Baseball - 1983, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1992, 2014, 2019 - Boys Bowling - 2007, 2012, 2015,[2] 2020 - Girls Basketball – 1990, 1992 [2] - Girls Bowling - 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021 - Girls Track and Field – 1994, 1995, 1996, 2025[2] - Girls Volleyball - 2024 ### State Runners-Up - Football - 1998, 2000, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2021 - Baseball - 1977, 1991, 2004, 2018 - Boys Basketball - 1999 - Boys Bowling - 2016, 2022, 2023 - Girls Bowling - 2014, 2018, 2020 - Girls Softball - 1996 - Girls Volleyball - 2017, 2022 ### State Team Tournaments - Girls Golf - 2021 ## Notable alumni - Keith Wenning, professional football player in the National Football League (NFL) - Ross Homan, former linebacker for the Ohio State Buckeyes and NFL draftee - Steve Vagedes, former Arena Football League player - Trent Dues, baseball state champion and head baseball coach for Butler High School - Kyle Heyne, former minor league and independent league baseball player; Ball State University all-time saves leader with 32 (drafted by San Diego Padres)

enwiki/6639334

enwiki

6,639,334

Coldwater High School (Ohio)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coldwater_High_School_(Ohio)

2025-06-16T20:15:59Z

en

Q5142583

49,232

{{Short description|Public school in Coldwater, Ohio, US}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}} {{Infobox school |name = Coldwater High School |image = |motto = |established = 1869 |type = [[Public school (government funded)|Public]] |affiliation = |district = Coldwater Exempted Village |grades = 9-12 |president = |principal = Jason Hemmelgarn |head of school = |dean = |teaching_staff = 23.00 (FTE)<ref name=NCES/> |ratio = 16.70<ref name=NCES/> |school code = HNBFTS |students = |enrollment = 384 (2023-2024)<ref name=NCES>{{cite web|url=https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_detail.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3904531&ID=390453102171|title=Coldwater High School|publisher=National Center for Education Statistics|accessdate=December 28, 2024}}</ref> |athletics = Division III (Football VI) |conference = [[Midwest Athletic Conference]] |colors = Orange and Black {{color box|orange}} {{color box|black}} |mascot = Cavalier |free_text = |free_label2 = |free_text2 = |address = 310 N 2nd Street |location = [[Coldwater, Ohio]] 45828 |coordinates = |country = United States |homepage = http://coldwatercavs.org }} '''Coldwater High School''' is a [[public high school]] located in [[Coldwater, Ohio]]. It is part of Coldwater Exempted Village Schools. ==Athletics== Athletic teams are known as the Cavaliers. The school competes in the [[Ohio High School Athletic Association]] as a member of the [[Midwest Athletic Conference]]. They have captured over 100 league championships in various MAC-sanctioned sports since 1973. The Cavaliers have a total of 31 team State Championships in various OHSAA sports. The Coldwater football team is in 2nd place for the most state titles (8) by a public school since the playoff system began in 1972. That is 7 behind fellow [[Midwest Athletic Conference|MAC]] member [[Marion Local High School (Maria Stein, Ohio)|Marion Local]] who has 15 state football titles. === State Championships === * [[American football|Football]] - 2005, 2007, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2020, 2024 * [[Baseball]] - 1983, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1992, 2014, 2019 * Boys [[Bowling]] - 2007, 2012, 2015,<ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association">{{cite web|url=http://www.ohsaa.org/|title=Ohio High School Athletic Association Web site|accessdate=2006-12-31|author=OHSAA|author-link=OHSAA}}</ref> 2020 * Girls [[Basketball]] – 1990, 1992 <ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association"/> * Girls [[Bowling]] - 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021 * Girls [[Track and Field]] – 1994, 1995, 1996, 2025<ref name="Ohio High School Athletic Association"/> *Girls [[Volleyball]] - 2024 === State Runners-Up === * [[American football|Football]] - 1998, 2000, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2021 * [[Baseball]] - 1977, 1991, 2004, 2018 * Boys [[Basketball]] - 1999 * Boys [[Bowling]] - 2016, 2022, 2023 * Girls [[Bowling]] - 2014, 2018, 2020 * Girls [[Softball]] - 1996 * Girls [[Volleyball]] - 2017, 2022 === State Team Tournaments === * Girls [[Golf]] - 2021 ==Notable alumni== *[[Keith Wenning]], professional football player in the [[National Football League]] (NFL) *[[Ross Homan]], former [[linebacker]] for the [[Ohio State Buckeyes]] and NFL draftee *[[Steve Vagedes]], former [[Arena Football League]] player *Trent Dues, baseball state champion and head baseball coach for [[Butler High School (Vandalia, Ohio)|Butler High School]] *Kyle Heyne, former minor league and independent league baseball player; [[Ball State University]] all-time saves leader with 32 (drafted by [[San Diego Padres]]) ==External links== * [http://cw.noacsc.org/ District Website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100301093116/http://www.midwestathleticconference.com/coldwatercavaliers.html Official Website of the Midwest Athletic Conference] ==Notes and references== {{Reflist|2}} {{Coord|40.482|N|84.630|W|display=title|region:US-OH_type:edu}} {{Midwest Athletic Conference |state=expanded}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:High schools in Mercer County, Ohio]] [[Category:Public high schools in Ohio]] {{MercerCountyOH-school-stub}}

1,295,941,515

[{"title": "Address", "data": {"Address": "310 N 2nd Street \u00b7 Coldwater, Ohio 45828 \u00b7 United States"}}, {"title": "Information", "data": {"Type": "Public", "Established": "1869", "School district": "Coldwater Exempted Village", "School code": "HNBFTS", "Principal": "Jason Hemmelgarn", "Teaching staff": "23.00 (FTE)", "Grades": "9-12", "Enrollment": "384 (2023-2024)", "Student to teacher ratio": "16.70", "Color(s)": "Orange and Black", "Athletics": "Division III (Football VI)", "Athletics conference": "Midwest Athletic Conference", "Mascot": "Cavalier", "Website": "http://coldwatercavs.org"}}]

false

# Uruthirajenma Kannar Uruthirajenma Kannar (Tamil: உருத்திர சன்மகண்ணர்) was a poet of the Sangam period to whom verse 31 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai. ## Biography Uruthirajenma Kannar was a poet belonging to the late Sangam period that corresponds between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE. He is known to be short-tempered, with his eyes seething in rage most of the times. Hence he was known by the name "Uruthirajenma Kannar", which literally means "he who has eyes raging with anger". ## View on Valluvar and the Kural Uruthirajenma Kannar has authored verse 31 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai. He opines about Valluvar and the Kural text thus: Water springs forth when the earth is dug, and milk when the child sucks the mother's breast, but knowledge when the poets study Valluvar's Cural. [Emphasis in original] ## Citations 1. 1 2 Vedanayagam, 2017, pp. 45–46. 2. ↑ Robinson, 2001, p. 26.

enwiki/59843519

enwiki

59,843,519

Uruthirajenma Kannar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruthirajenma_Kannar

2020-08-15T15:58:29Z

en

Q61750098

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{{Sangam literature}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} '''Uruthirajenma Kannar''' ([[Tamil language|Tamil]]: உருத்திர சன்மகண்ணர்) was a poet of the [[Sangam period]] to whom verse 31 of the [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]]. ==Biography== Uruthirajenma Kannar was a poet belonging to the late Sangam period that corresponds between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE. He is known to be short-tempered, with his eyes seething in rage most of the times. Hence he was known by the name "Uruthirajenma Kannar", which literally means "he who has eyes raging with anger".{{sfn|Vedanayagam, 2017|pp=45–46}} ==View on Valluvar and the Kural== Uruthirajenma Kannar has authored verse 31 of the [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]].{{sfn|Vedanayagam, 2017|pp=45–46}} He opines about [[Valluvar]] and the [[Kural text]] thus:{{sfn|Robinson, 2001|p=26}} {{cquote|Water springs forth when the earth is dug, and milk when the child sucks the mother's breast, but knowledge when the poets study Valluvar's ''Cural''. [Emphasis in original]}} ==See also== {{wikisourcelang|ta|திருவள்ளுவமாலை|Tiruvalluva Maalai}} * [[Sangam literature]] * [[List of Sangam poets]] * [[Tiruvalluva Maalai]] ==Citations== {{reflist}} ==References== {{ref begin}} * {{cite book |author=Edward Jewitt Robinson |title=Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings |url=https://archive.org/details/tamilwisdomtradi0000robi|year=2001 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location = New Delhi|edition = |isbn= |ref={{sfnRef|Robinson, 2001}}}} * {{cite book | last = Vedanayagam | first = Rama | author-link = | title = திருவள்ளுவ மாலை மூலமும் எளிய உரை விளக்கமும் [Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum] | publisher = Manimekalai Prasuram | series = | volume = | edition = 1 | date = 2017 | location = Chennai | pages = | language = Tamil | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = |ref={{sfnRef|Vedanayagam, 2017}} }} {{ref end}} {{Portalbar|Tamils|India|Literature|Poetry}} {{Tamil language}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Uruthirajenma Kannar}} [[Category:Tamil philosophy]] [[Category:Tamil poets]] [[Category:Sangam poets]] [[Category:Tiruvalluva Maalai contributors]]

973,137,629

[]

false

# Umuchu Umuchu is one of the largest towns in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Umuchu lies near the state border between Anambra and Imo States. It is connected by road to Umunze in the east and Igbo-Ukwu in the northwest. It is home to the Igbo people, and Umuchu is also the name of the local dialect of the Igbo language. ## Landmarks Umuchu contains St. Mathew Catholic Church, St. Thomas Anglican Church, St. Peters Anglican Church, Zion City Umuchu, built and donated by Mr Godwin Ezeemo, Honeywell Hotel in Potters Business Park, Multipurpose Computer Centre, and the newly licensed Orient Mega 101.7FM and is also home to Umuchu High Court, which as of 2008 was led by Justice Anthony Ezeoke. ## In literature Simon Alaghogu has authored a pamphlet "The History of Umuchu",which documents the six sons of Echu and establishment of the original six villages in the vicinity. ## Climate The climate of Umuchu is tropical savanna. Every month is warm and there is both a wet and dry season. Umuchu experiences 61°F average annual temperature and 414′′ of precipitation annually. With an average humidity of 74% and a UV-index of 7, there are 91 dry days per year. ## Notable people - His Royal Highness Godson Ezechukwu, Paramount ruler of Umuchu - Nelly Uchendu (1950–2005), singer and composer - Ebube Nwagbo, actor and model

enwiki/32693800

enwiki

32,693,800

Umuchu

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umuchu

2024-05-18T18:23:06Z

en

Q7881834

27,457

{{Short description|Town in the Aguata local government area of Anambra State, Nigeria}} {{Use Nigerian English|date=January 2023}} '''Umuchu''' is one of the largest towns in [[Aguata]] Local Government Area of [[Anambra State]], [[Nigeria]]. Umuchu lies near the state border between Anambra and Imo States. It is connected by road to [[Umunze]] in the east and [[Igbo-Ukwu]] in the northwest.<ref name="GM">{{Google maps | url =https://www.google.com/maps/@6.0021354,7.0611527,30674m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en | accessdate =25 September 2016}}</ref> It is home to the [[Igbo people]], and Umuchu is also the name of the local dialect of the [[Igbo language]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Working Papers in Phonetics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWwoAQAAIAAJ|year=1974|publisher=University of California|page=53}}</ref> ==Landmarks== Umuchu contains St. Mathew Catholic Church, St. Thomas Anglican Church, St. Peters Anglican Church, Zion City Umuchu, built and donated by [[Mr Godwin Ezeemo]], Honeywell Hotel in Potters Business Park, Multipurpose Computer Centre, and the newly licensed Orient Mega 101.7FM <ref name="GM"/> and is also home to Umuchu High Court, which as of 2008 was led by Justice [[Anthony Ezeoke]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Jambula Tree: A Selection of Works from the Caine Prize for African Writing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VrgLAQAAMAAJ|year=2008|publisher=New Internationalist Publications|isbn=978-1-904456-73-5|page=226}}</ref> ==In literature== Simon Alaghogu has authored a pamphlet "The ''History of Umuchu",''which documents the six sons of Echu and establishment of the original six villages in the vicinity.<ref name="Sinha1989">{{cite book|last=Sinha|first=R. K.|title=The Paradise Lost: A Study of Modern English Novels Relating to Colonial Experience|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cH1lAAAAMAAJ|year=1989|publisher=Amar Prakashan|isbn=978-81-85061-80-1|page=138}}</ref> == Climate == The climate of Umuchu is tropical [[savanna]]. Every month is warm and there is both a wet and dry season. Umuchu experiences 61°F average annual [[temperature]] and 414′′ of [[precipitation]] annually. With an average [[humidity]] of 74% and a UV-index of 7, there are 91 dry days per year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Umuchu weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature |url=https://www.besttravelmonths.com/nigeria/umuchu-2904593/ |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.besttravelmonths.com |language=en}}</ref> ==Notable people== * [[His Royal Highness Godson Ezechukwu]], Paramount ruler of Umuchu * [[Nelly Uchendu]] (1950–2005), singer and composer * [[Ebube Nwagbo]], actor and model == References == {{Reflist}} {{Coord|5|56|N|7|8|E|region:NG-AN_type:city|display=title}} [[Category:Populated places in Anambra State]]

1,224,485,915

[]

false

# Sporting CP (beach soccer) Sporting Clube de Portugal has a professional beach soccer team based in Lisbon, Portugal, since 2005 until 2006, and again in 2009, that plays in Portuguese Beach Soccer League. ## Current squad Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. | No. | Pos. | Nation | Player | | --- | ---- | ------ | -------------- | | 1 | GK | POR | Tiago Petrony | | 2 | DF | POR | Rui Coimbra | | 3 | MF | BRA | Datinha | | 4 | DF | BRA | Diogo Catarino | | 5 | MF | BRA | Bruno Xavier | | 6 | FW | BRA | Nelito Júnior | | 7 | MF | POR | Madjer | | 8 | DF | POR | Marinho | | 9 | FW | POR | Duarte Vivo | | 10 | MF | POR | Ricardinho | | 11 | FW | POR | David Cosmeli | | No. | Pos. | Nation | Player | | --- | ---- | ------ | ------------------------------ | | 13 | MF | POR | Eduardo Farinha | | 15 | MF | POR | Lúcio Carmo | | 18 | GK | BRA | Mão (Jenílson Brito Rodrigues) | | 22 | GK | POR | João Vaz | | — | GK | POR | David Pereira | | — | DF | POR | Rudy Viana | | — | FW | POR | Bernardo Capelo | | — | DF | POR | André Cachopo | | — | GK | POR | Carlos Pedreiro | | — | MF | POR | Mathew Santos | | — | FW | BRA | Rodrigo Soares | Coach: Mário Miguel ## Honours ### International competitions - Mundialito de Clubes - Runners-up (1): 2011 ### National competitions - Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia - Winners (2): 2016, 2020 - Runners-up (3): 2011, 2014, 2015 - Portuguese Beach Soccer League - Runners-up (2): 2005, 2006

enwiki/28249213

enwiki

28,249,213

Sporting CP (beach soccer)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporting_CP_(beach_soccer)

2025-05-17T07:49:41Z

en

Q954539

121,565

{{Infobox football club |clubname = Sporting Clube de Portugal |fullname = Sporting Clube de Portugal |shortname = Sporting |nickname = ''Leões'' (Lions) ''Verde-e-Brancos'' (Green'n'Whites) |ground = Praia de Carcavelos,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wikimapia.org/366599/pt/Praia-de-Carcavelos |title=Praia de Carcavelos | publisher=wikimapia.org {{in lang|pt|en}}}}</ref> [[Carcavelos]] |chairman = |coach = [[Luis Bilro Pereira|Bilro]] |league = [[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia]] |season = [[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia|2010]] |position = Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia, 1st |shirtsupplier = [[Puma AG|Puma]] |shirtsponsors = |pattern_la1=_sporting2223h |pattern_b1=_sporting2223h |pattern_ra1=_sporting2223h |pattern_sh1=_monterrey1213t1 |pattern_so1=_scp2122h |leftarm1=FFFFFF |body1=FFFFFF |rightarm1=FFFFFF |shorts1=000000 |socks1=none |pattern_la2=_sporting2223a |pattern_b2=_sporting2223a |pattern_ra2=_sporting2223a |pattern_sh2= |pattern_so2=_monterrey1213t1 |leftarm2=000000 |body2=000000 |rightarm2=000000 |shorts2=CDFF00 |socks2=none |pattern_la3 = _augsburg2122a |pattern_b3 = _sporting2223t |pattern_ra3 = _augsburg2122a |pattern_sh3 = _nikelaser5gw |pattern_so3 = |leftarm3 = FFFFFF |body3 = FFFFFF |rightarm3 = FFFFFF |shorts3 = 008000 |socks3 = none }} {{Sporting Clube de Portugal sections}} '''[[Sporting Clube de Portugal]]''' has a professional [[beach soccer]] team based in [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]], since 2005 until 2006, and again in 2009, that plays in [[Portuguese Beach Soccer League]]. ==Current squad== {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=1|nat=Portugal|pos=GK|name=[[Tiago Petrony]]}} {{Fs player|no=2|nat=Portugal|pos=DF|name=[[Rui Coimbra]]}} {{Fs player|no=3|nat=Brazil|pos=MF|name=[[Datinha]]}} {{Fs player|no=4|nat=Brazil|pos=DF|name=[[Diogo Catarino]]}} {{Fs player|no=5|nat=Brazil|pos=MF|name=[[Bruno Xavier (beach soccer)|Bruno Xavier]]}} {{Fs player|no=6|nat=Brazil|pos=FW|name=[[Nelito Oliveira da Silva Júnior|Nelito Júnior]]}} {{Fs player|no=7|nat=Portugal|pos=MF|name=[[Madjer]]}} {{Fs player|no=8|nat=Portugal|pos=DF|name=[[Mário Duarte|Marinho]]}} {{Fs player|no=9|nat=Portugal|pos=FW|name=[[Duarte Vivo]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=Portugal|pos=MF|name=[[Ricardo Baptista (footballer)|Ricardinho]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=Portugal|pos=FW|name=[[David Cosmeli]]}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=13|nat=Portugal|pos=MF|name=[[Eduardo Farinha]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=Portugal|pos=MF|name=[[Lúcio Carmo]]}} {{Fs player|no=18|nat=Brazil|pos=GK|name='''Mão''' (Jenílson Brito Rodrigues)}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=Portugal|pos=GK|name=[[João Vaz (footballer)|João Vaz]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=GK|name=[[David Pereira (footballer)|David Pereira]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=DF|name=[[Rudy Viana]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=FW|name=[[Bernardo Capelo]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=DF|name=[[André Cachopo]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=GK|name=[[Carlos Pedreiro]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Portugal|pos=MF|name=[[Mathew Santos]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=Brazil|pos=FW|name=[[Rodrigo Soares]]}} {{fs end}} '''Coach:''' {{flagicon|POR}} Mário Miguel ==Honours== ===International competitions=== * '''[[Mundialito de Clubes]]''' :* ''Runners-up (1)'': [[2011 Mundialito de Clubes|2011]] ===National competitions=== * '''[[Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia]]''' :* '''Winners (2)''': 2016, 2020 :* ''Runners-up (3)'': 2011, 2014, 2015 * '''[[Portuguese Beach Soccer League]]''' :* ''Runners-up (2)'': 2005, 2006 [[File:Beach soccer pictogram.svg|100px]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100729002738/http://www.sporting.pt/Noticias/Futebol/Fut_Prof/notfutprof_futequipafutpraia_220710_63488.asp Sporting beach soccer official website] * [http://www.zerozero.pt/equipa.php?id=21669 Sporting in zerozero.pt] {{Sporting CP}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sporting Cp (Beach Soccer)}} [[Category:Sporting CP sports]] [[Category:2005 establishments in Portugal]] [[Category:Association football clubs established in 2005]] [[Category:Beach soccer clubs in Portugal]]

1,290,817,289

[{"title": "Sporting Clube de Portugal", "data": {"Full name": "Sporting Clube de Portugal", "Nickname(s)": "Le\u00f5es (Lions) \u00b7 Verde-e-Brancos (Green'n'Whites)", "Ground": "Praia de Carcavelos, Carcavelos", "Coach": "Bilro", "League": "Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia", "2010": "Circuito Nacional de Futebol de Praia, 1st", "\u00b7 Home colours": "\u00b7 Away colours \u00b7 \u00b7 Third colours"}}]

false

# Alliance Sport Alsace The Alliance Sport Alsace, simply known as ASA, is a French professional basketball club based in Souffelweyersheim and Gries. Founded in 2021, the team plays in the LNB Pro B. ## History The club was formed in 2021 by the merger of five clubs: BC Gries-Oberhoffen, BC Souffelweyersheim, BC Nord Alsace, Weyersheim BB and Walbourg-Eschbach Basket. ## Players ### Roster Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed. ## Notable players To appear in this section a player must have either: - Set a club record or won an individual award as a professional player. - Played at least one official international match for his senior national team at any time. - Jimmy Djimrabaye - Kyan Anderson

enwiki/68636190

enwiki

68,636,190

Alliance Sport Alsace

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_Sport_Alsace

2024-01-25T21:34:05Z

en

Q108042980

70,938

{{Infobox basketball club | name = ASA | color1 =  | color2 =  | color3 =  | logo = Alliance Sport Alsace logo.png | nickname = | league = [[LNB Pro B]] | conference = | division = | founded = 2021 | dissolved =  | history = '''Alliance Sport Alsace''' 2021–present | arena = Espace Sport La Foret Salle des Sept Arpents | capacity = | location =[[Souffelweyersheim]] and [[Gries, Bas-Rhin|Gries]], France | colors =  | current = | sponsor = | media = | chairman = | president = Romuald Roeckel Éric Mittelhaeuser | vice-presidents = | manager = | coach = Julien Espinosa | captain = | ownership = | championships = | conf_champs = | div_champs = | season = | position = | website = | h_body=FFFFFF |h_pattern_b=_orangesides |h_shorts=FFFFFF |h_pattern_s=_orangesides | a_body=603 |a_pattern_b=_thinwhitesides |a_shorts=603 |a_pattern_s=_whitesides }} The '''Alliance Sport Alsace''', simply known as '''ASA''', is a French professional [[basketball]] club based in [[Souffelweyersheim]] and [[Gries, Bas-Rhin|Gries]]. Founded in 2021, the team plays in the [[LNB Pro B]]. ==History== The club was formed in 2021 by the merger of five clubs: BC Gries-Oberhoffen, BC Souffelweyersheim, BC Nord Alsace, Weyersheim BB and Walbourg-Eschbach Basket.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alsace : séisme dans le basket, Gries-Oberhoffen et Souffelweyersheim s'unissent en Pro B |url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/grand-est/alsace-seisme-dans-le-basket-gries-oberhoffen-et-souffelweyersheim-s-unissent-en-pro-b-2065396.html |website=France 3 Grand Est |access-date=3 September 2021 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> ==Players== === Roster === {{Basketball roster nationality note}} {{Basketball roster header|team=Alliance Sport Alsace | color1 = black | bg1 = #F87217 | color2 = #603 | bg2 = white | ht = n | wt = n | age = n }}  {{player3 | num = 3 | nat = FRA | name = Nathan De Sousa | pos = PG }} {{player3 | num = 7 | nat = FRA | name = Cyrille Eliezer-Vanerot | pos = SF }} {{player3 | num = 9 | nat = FRA | name = Leopold Ca | pos = PF }} {{player3 | num = 10 | nat = SER | name = Strahinja Gavrilovic | pos = F/C }} {{player3 | num = 11 | nat = ESP | name = Tom Digbeu | pos = G }} {{player3 | num = 12 | nat = SEN | name = Hassane Gueye | pos = PF }} {{player3 | num = 13 | nat = FRA | name = Jerome Cazenobe | pos = F/C }} {{player3 | num = 20 | nat = FRA | name = Sofiane Briki | pos = G }} {{player3 | num = 29 | nat = LIT | name = Dovydas Redikas | pos = PG }} {{player3 | num = 32 | nat = USA | name = Christian Nwogbo | pos = F }} {{player3 | num = 77 | nat = FRA | name = Anthony Racine | pos = SG }} {{player3 | num = 88 | nat = USA | name = Jamar Diggs | pos = PG }}  {{Basketball roster footer | head_coach = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Julien Espinosa]] | asst_coach = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Old Lo]] | roster_url = https://www.asa-basket.fr/pages/lequipe | accessdate = 14 January 2023}} ==Notable players== {{see also|:Category:Alliance Sport Alsace players}} :'''To appear in this section a player must have either:''' - Set a club record or won an individual award as a professional player. - Played at least one official international match for his senior national team at any time. *{{flagicon|CAF}} [[Jimmy Djimrabaye]] *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Kyan Anderson]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[https://www.asa-basket.fr Official website] (in French) {{LNB Pro B}} {{France-basketball-team-stub}} [[Category:Basketball teams in France]] [[Category:Basketball teams established in 2021]] [[Category:Sport in Bas-Rhin]] [[Category:2021 establishments in France]]

1,199,070,407

[{"title": "ASA", "data": {"League": "LNB Pro B", "Founded": "2021", "History": "Alliance Sport Alsace \u00b7 2021\u2013present", "Arena": "Espace Sport La Foret \u00b7 Salle des Sept Arpents", "Location": "Souffelweyersheim and Gries, France", "President": "Romuald Roeckel \u00b7 \u00c9ric Mittelhaeuser", "Head coach": "Julien Espinosa", "Home": "Away"}}]

false

# Charmaine Häusl Charmaine Laurence Häusl (born 27 January 1996) is a Seychellois professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre-back for Regionalliga Nordost club Babelsberg and the Seychelles national team. ## International career Born in the Seychelles to a German father and a Seychellois mother, Häusl is a youth international for Germany.

enwiki/51561797

enwiki

51,561,797

Charmaine Häusl

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charmaine_H%C3%A4usl

2025-06-17T23:06:00Z

en

Q23928976

39,138

{{short description|Seychellois footballer (born 1996)}} {{EngvarB|date=June 2025}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Charmaine Häusl | image = | caption = | fullname = Charmaine Laurence Häusl<ref name=NFT>{{NFT player|pid=83765|access-date=19 March 2022}}</ref> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|1|27}} | birth_place = [[Victoria, Seychelles|Victoria]], Seychelles | position = [[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder|Defensive midfielder]], [[Centre-back]] | height = 1.86 m | currentclub = [[SV Babelsberg 03|Babelsberg]] | clubnumber = 31 | youthyears1 = | youthclubs1 = SC Olching | youthyears2 = | youthclubs2 = [[TSV 1860 Munich|1860 Munich]] | youthyears3 = | youthclubs3 = [[SC Fürstenfeldbruck]] | youthyears4 = | youthclubs4 = [[FC Augsburg]] | youthyears5 = {{0|0000}}–2015 | youthclubs5 = [[1. FSV Mainz 05|Mainz 05]] | years1 = 2015–2019 | clubs1 = [[1. FSV Mainz 05 II|Mainz 05 II]] | caps1 = 82 | goals1 = 3 | years2 = 2019–2020 | clubs2 = [[SG Sonnenhof Großaspach|Sonnenhof Großaspach]] | caps2 = 4 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 2020–2022 | clubs3 = [[Berliner AK 07|Berliner AK]] | caps3 = 17 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2022–2023 | clubs4 = [[VSG Altglienicke]] | caps4 = 8 | goals4 = 0 | years5 = 2024 | clubs5 = [[SV Lichtenberg 47]] | caps5 = 9 | goals5 = 0 | years6 = 2024– | clubs6 = [[SV Babelsberg 03|Babelsberg]] | caps6 = 15 | goals6 = 0 | nationalyears1 = 2012–2013 | nationalteam1 = [[Germany national under-17 football team|Germany U17]] | nationalcaps1 = 5 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | nationalyears2 = 2019– | nationalteam2 = [[Seychelles national football team|Seychelles]] | nationalcaps2 = 3 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | pcupdate = 1 January 2025 | ntupdate = 23 September 2024 }} '''Charmaine Laurence Häusl''' (born 27 January 1996) is a Seychellois professional [[Association football|footballer]] who plays as a [[defensive midfielder]] or [[centre-back]] for [[Regionalliga Nordost]] club [[SV Babelsberg 03|Babelsberg]] and the [[Seychelles national football team|Seychelles national team]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/charmaine-haeusl/ |title=Charmaine Häusl |website=worldfootball.net |publisher=HEIM:SPIEL |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref> ==International career== Born in the [[Seychelles]] to a German father and a Seychellois mother, Häusl is a youth international for Germany.<ref>{{cite web |title=Archive -Football |url=https://www.nation.sc/archive/245343/football |website=[[Seychelles Nation]] |access-date=23 November 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20211123005748/https://www.nation.sc/archive/245343/football |archive-date=23 November 2021 |date=8 May 2015}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * {{WorldFootball.net|charmaine-haeusl}} * {{Soccerway|charmaine-hausl/276426}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hausl, Charmaine}} [[Category:1996 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Greater Victoria, Seychelles]] [[Category:Seychellois men's footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football midfielders]] [[Category:Seychelles men's international footballers]] [[Category:Seychellois people of German descent]] [[Category:German men's footballers]] [[Category:1. FSV Mainz 05 II players]] [[Category:SG Sonnenhof Großaspach players]] [[Category:Berliner AK 07 players]] [[Category:VSG Altglienicke players]] [[Category:SV Babelsberg 03 players]] [[Category:3. Liga players]] [[Category:Regionalliga players]] [[Category:Germany men's youth international footballers]] [[Category:German people of Seychellois descent]] [[Category:21st-century German sportsmen]] {{Seychelles-footy-bio-stub}}

1,296,118,432

[{"title": "Charmaine H\u00e4usl", "data": {"Full name": "Charmaine Laurence H\u00e4usl", "Date of birth": "27 January 1996", "Place of birth": "Victoria, Seychelles", "Height": "1.86 m (6 ft 1 in)", "Position(s)": "Defensive midfielder, Centre-back"}}, {"title": "Team information", "data": {"Current team": "Babelsberg", "Number": "31"}}, {"title": "Youth career", "data": {"0000\u20132015": "Mainz 05"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2015\u20132019": "Mainz 05 II \u00b7 82 \u00b7 (3)", "2019\u20132020": "Sonnenhof Gro\u00dfaspach \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2020\u20132022": "Berliner AK \u00b7 17 \u00b7 (0)", "2022\u20132023": "VSG Altglienicke \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2024": "SV Lichtenberg 47 \u00b7 9 \u00b7 (0)", "2024\u2013": "Babelsberg \u00b7 15 \u00b7 (0)"}}, {"title": "International career\u2021", "data": {"2012\u20132013": "Germany U17 \u00b7 5 \u00b7 (1)", "2019\u2013": "Seychelles \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)"}}]

false

# Thalun Thalun (Burmese: သာလွန်မင်း, pronounced [θàlʊ̀ɰ̃]; 17 June 1584 – 27 August 1648) was the eighth king of Toungoo dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). During his 19-year reign, Thalun successfully rebuilt the war-torn country which had been under constant warfare for nearly a century since the 1530s. Thalun instituted many administrative reforms and rebuilt the economy of the kingdom. In 1608, Anaukpetlun captured Prome and made Thalun the governor of Prome. In 1628, Anaukpetlun was murdered by his own son Minyedeippa who made himself king. Thalun was then on his campaigns against the Shans at Kengtung with his brother Minye Kyawswa II, the governor of Ava. However, the death of Anaukpetlun forced the two to return to Pegu to claim the throne from the unlawful king and to counter the opportunistic Arakanese invasions. Thalun became the center of rallying against Minyedaikpa and was proclaimed the crown prince. In 1630, Thalun and Minye Kyawswa were able to take Pegu and executed Minyedeippa.: 218 At Pegu, there was an assassination attempt by a Mon on King Thalun, which resulted in the massacre of the Mons. Thalun fought a three-year campaign against Lanna, finally subjugating them in 1632. In 1634, Thalun moved the capital to Ava and crowned himself king of Ava and made his brother Minye Kyawswa crown prince, Maha Uparaja. Thalun then concentrated on building pagodas and other works of merit.: 219 However, Minye Kyawswa died on 28 August 1648. Thalun then made his own son Pindale as the crown prince. The son of Minye Kyawswa who wanted the crown prince title for himself staged a rebellion. The palace was sacked and Thalun fled to Sagaing. However, the rebellion was soon put down and the conspirators were burnt alive. Thalun died on 19 October 1648, succeeded by his son Pindale. ## Family Thalun had one chief-queen, one principal queen and ten junior queens who give birth children. Most of them a noble's daughter More than a royal family. | Name | Mother | Brief | | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 1. Minye Narathiha | Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw | Son, died at age 7 years old | | 2. Thakin Phyu | Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw | Son | | 3. Min Phyu | Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthumala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw | Daughter | | 4. Khin Ma (Shwe Sinthu) | Khin Thet Hnin (Sinthu Mala), the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the saopha of Mone the Chief queen with rank Myauk Gyi Kadaw | Daughter married to half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw | | 5. Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw | Daughter married to her full-brother Thakin Kyaw Pindale | | 6. Thakin Kyaw Pindale | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw | Son, Minye Nawrahta Gyi, Minye Nandameit become the King Pindale, married to full-sister Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) | | 7. Khin Pan Phyu | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank Myauk Nge Kadaw | Daughter married to half-brother Thakin Phyu | | 8. Thakin Nyo | Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of Pyay Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw | Son Governor of Tineta and Kanni married to Khin Phyu, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu | | 9. Thakin Ne Myo Dahta | Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of Pyay Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw | Son Governor of Tineta married to Khin Ma Shwe Pa Chop, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu | | 10. Thakin Talote | Khin Hla San | Son Governor of Amyint married to half-sister Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe | | 11. Hpone Khaing Thit | Khin Hla San | Daughter died at age 22 years old | | 12. Zeyawara (Shin Talout Naw) | Pinya Minthami, Khin Myat Hset | Son become the King Pye Min married to Khin Ma Lat, the daughter of Minye Mawrahta | | 13. Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe | Shin Hla Nyi, the elder sister of Upathitha Governor of Nyaung Pin Seik | Daughter married to half brother Thakin Talout | | 14. Ne Myo Ye Kyaw (Minye Aung Din) | Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from Pagan Kingdom) + his wife Min Lat | Son married with half-sister Shwe Sinthu and Khin Ma Min Sit, he died by shock from an overdose of marijuana, and get a nickname Siputtara Mingyi means King of Marijuana | | 15. Narazeya | Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from Pagan Kingdom) + his wife Min Lat | Son | | 16. Thakin Pinya | A Htaing (Royal's friend) Nè Nyunt (Nai Rung) | Son, through the fourth level of practice dharma of Buddhist | | 17. Khin Ma Min Sit | Toungoo Shwe Nan, Khin Ma Shwe Nan, the daughter of Thiri Dhamma Thawka Governor of Toungoo with the rank Toungoo Myo Thit and the son of King Nanda Bayin | Daughter married with half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw | | 18. Aggapatta | Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of Nawrahta Minsaw of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi | Daughter died at age 10 years old | | 19. Minye Kutha | Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of Nawrahta Minsaw of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi | Son, | | 20. Thakin Pu Phyu | Phyu Hnin Kalyar (Kaew Hnin Kalyar), the daughter of Binnya Than Lan (Phraya Sam Lan) | Son died at age 16 years old | | 21. Sittaya Nyunt Lao | Nai Mauk the niece of Binnya Yaza (Maybe Phraya Racharithanon) the daughter of the saopha of Chiang Saen (Phraya Luang Thipphanet) | Daughter | | 22.Khin Nè Ku | Yuang Kaew Mallika the daughter of Sao Ngam Möng the saopha of Möng Fang and his queen Nang Sam Phui the daughter of King Thammikarath King of Lan Xang | Daughter married to her half-brother King Pindale Min | Among of his queens one of the notable junior queen were Sao Nang Su Thar, the daughter of Sao Hswe Hking the saopha of Ounbaunglay who didn't give birth children And all he had 22 children (twelve sons and ten daughters): three sons and four daughters by principal queens, and eight sons and six daughters by junior queens. Two of the notable children by junior queens were: Ne Myo Ye Kyaw and Khin Ma Min Sit the couple who give birth King Minye Kyawhtin the King who have the fourth level direct pedigree from King Nanda Bayin

enwiki/17936590

enwiki

17,936,590

Thalun

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalun

2025-06-27T18:20:36Z

en

Q3056645

88,354

{{Infobox royalty | type = monarch | name = Thado Dhammaraza Thalun {{lang|my|သာလွန်}} | title = King of Toungoo | image = File:Statute of King Thalun.jpg | caption = The statute of king Thalun in [[Mandalay Palace]] | reign = 19 August 1630 – 27 August 1648 | coronation = | succession = [[List of Burmese monarchs|King of Burma]] | predecessor = [[Minyedeippa]] | successor = [[Pindale Min|Pindale]] | suc-type = Successor | reg-type = | regent = | spouse = 13 queens • Khin Myo Sit<ref name=hy-3-249-251>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 249–251</ref> • Khin Thet Hnin of Mone (Sinthumala the daughter of Sao Hla Hkam, the ''sawbwa'' of Mone) • Khin Myat Hset of Pinya | issue = 12 sons and 9 daughters including: • Ne Myo Ye Kyaw son<ref name=my-3-214>Maha Yazawin Vol. 3 2006: 214</ref> • Khin Ma Min Sit daughter<ref name=my-3-214/> | issue-link = | full name = Birth name: Minye Theinkhathu <ref name=hy-3-143>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 143</ref> | house = [[Toungoo dynasty|Toungoo]] | father = [[Nyaungyan Min|Nyaungyan]] | mother = Khin Hpone Myat<ref name=hy-3-42>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 42</ref> | birth_date = {{Birth date|1584|6|17|df=y}} Sunday, 5th waxing of Nayon 946 [[Burmese calendar|ME]]<ref name=hy-3-247>Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 247</ref> | birth_place = | death_date = {{death date and age|1648|8|27|1584|6|17|df=y}} Thursday, 10th waning of Tawthalin 1010 ME | death_place = [[Inwa|Ava]] (Inwa) | date of burial = 29 August 1648 | place of burial = ''Inwa Palace'' | religion = [[Theravada Buddhism]] | signature = }} {{Contains special characters|Burmese}} '''Thalun''' ({{langx|my|သာလွန်မင်း}}, {{IPA|my|θàlʊ̀ɰ̃|pron}}; 17 June 1584 – 27 August 1648) was the eighth king of [[Toungoo dynasty]] of [[Burma]] (Myanmar). During his 19-year reign, Thalun successfully rebuilt the war-torn country which had been under constant warfare for nearly a century since the 1530s. Thalun instituted many administrative reforms and rebuilt the economy of the kingdom. In 1608, Anaukpetlun captured [[Prome]] and made Thalun the governor of Prome. In 1628, Anaukpetlun was murdered by his own son [[Minyedeippa]] who made himself king. Thalun was then on his campaigns against the Shans at Kengtung with his brother [[Minye Kyawswa II of Toungoo|Minye Kyawswa II]], the governor of Ava. However, the death of Anaukpetlun forced the two to return to Pegu to claim the throne from the unlawful king and to counter the opportunistic [[Arakanese people|Arakanese]] invasions. Thalun became the center of rallying against Minyedaikpa and was proclaimed the crown prince. In 1630, Thalun and Minye Kyawswa were able to take [[Pegu]] and executed Minyedeippa.<ref name=Damrong>Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., {{ISBN|9747534584}}</ref>{{rp|218}} At Pegu, there was an assassination attempt by a [[Mon people|Mon]] on King Thalun, which resulted in the massacre of the Mons. Thalun fought a three-year campaign against [[Lanna]], finally subjugating them in 1632. In 1634, Thalun moved the capital to Ava and crowned himself king of Ava and made his brother Minye Kyawswa crown prince, [[Maha Uparaja]]. Thalun then concentrated on building pagodas and other works of merit.<ref name=Damrong/>{{rp|219}} However, Minye Kyawswa died on 28 August 1648. Thalun then made his own son [[Pindale Min|Pindale]] as the crown prince. The son of Minye Kyawswa who wanted the crown prince title for himself staged a rebellion. The palace was sacked and Thalun fled to [[Sagaing]]. However, the rebellion was soon put down and the conspirators were burnt alive. Thalun died on 19 October 1648, succeeded by his son Pindale. ==Family== Thalun had one chief-queen, one principal queen and ten junior queens who give birth children. Most of them a noble's daughter More than a royal family. {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" | Name ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" | Mother ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" | Brief |- | 1. Minye Narathiha | Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' | Son, died at age 7 years old |- | 2. Thakin Phyu | Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' | Son |- | 3. Min Phyu | Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthumala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' | Daughter |- | 4. Khin Ma (Shwe Sinthu) | Khin Thet Hnin (''Sinthu Mala''), the daughter of ''Sao Hla Hkam'', the ''saopha'' of [[Mongnai State|Mone]] the Chief queen with rank ''Myauk Gyi Kadaw'' | Daughter married to half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw |- | 5. Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' | Daughter married to her full-brother Thakin Kyaw [[Pindale Min|Pindale]] |- | 6. Thakin Kyaw [[Pindale Min|Pindale]] | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' | Son, Minye Nawrahta Gyi, Minye Nandameit become the King [[Pindale Min|Pindale]], married to full-sister Hpone Wei Lu (Thila Dewi) |- | 7. Khin Pan Phyu | Khin Myo Sit, the principal queen with the rank ''Myauk Nge Kadaw'' | Daughter married to half-brother Thakin Phyu |- | 8. Thakin Nyo | Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of [[Pyay]] Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw | Son Governor of Tineta and [[Kanni]] married to Khin Phyu, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu |- | 9. Thakin Ne Myo Dahta | Khin Htwe Hla, the younger sister of [[Pyay]] Yannaing's queen, Wabo Kadaw | Son Governor of Tineta married to Khin Ma Shwe Pa Chop, the daughter of Minye Kyawswa of Sagu |- | 10. Thakin Talote | Khin Hla San | Son Governor of [[Amyint]] married to half-sister Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe |- | 11. Hpone Khaing Thit | Khin Hla San | Daughter died at age 22 years old |- | 12. Zeyawara (Shin Talout Naw) | [[Pinya]] Minthami, Khin Myat Hset | Son become the King [[Pye Min]] married to Khin Ma Lat, the daughter of Minye Mawrahta |- | 13. Khin Ma Hsin In Pa Yoe | Shin Hla Nyi, the elder sister of Upathitha Governor of [[Launglon Township|Nyaung Pin Seik]] | Daughter married to half brother Thakin Talout |- | 14. Ne Myo Ye Kyaw (Minye Aung Din) | Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from [[Pagan Kingdom]]) + his wife Min Lat | Son married with half-sister Shwe Sinthu and Khin Ma Min Sit, he died by shock from an overdose of marijuana, and get a nickname ''Siputtara Mingyi'' means King of [[Marijuana]] |- | 15. Narazeya | Dwantyawaddy, the daughter of Shin Yan Ngu (the nephew of Im Phyu Shin Baya Yanthameit the descendant from [[Pagan Kingdom]]) + his wife Min Lat | Son |- | 16. Thakin Pinya | A Htaing (Royal's friend) Nè Nyunt (''Nai Rung'') | Son, through the fourth level of practice dharma of [[Buddhist]] |- | 17. Khin Ma Min Sit | [[Toungoo]] Shwe Nan, Khin Ma Shwe Nan, the daughter of Thiri Dhamma Thawka Governor of [[Toungoo]] with the rank [[Toungoo]] Myo Thit and the son of King [[Nanda Bayin]] | Daughter married with half-brother Ne Myo Ye Kyaw |- | 18. Aggapatta | Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of [[Nawrahta Minsaw]] of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi | Daughter died at age 10 years old |- | 19. Minye Kutha | Ainnim Minthami (the royal princess) Min A-Nge daughter of [[Nawrahta Minsaw]] of Chiangmai with the title Thummana Dewi | Son, |- | 20. Thakin Pu Phyu | Phyu Hnin Kalyar (''Kaew Hnin Kalyar''), the daughter of Binnya Than Lan (''Phraya Sam Lan'') | Son died at age 16 years old |- | 21. Sittaya Nyunt Lao | ''Nai Mauk'' the niece of Binnya Yaza (Maybe Phraya Racharithanon) the daughter of the ''saopha'' of [[Chiang Saen]] (Phraya Luang Thipphanet) | Daughter |- | 22.Khin Nè Ku | ''Yuang Kaew Mallika'' the daughter of ''Sao Ngam Möng'' the ''saopha'' of Möng Fang and his queen ''Nang Sam Phui'' the daughter of King [[Voravongsa II|Thammikarath]] King of [[Lan Xang]] | Daughter married to her half-brother King [[Pindale Min]] |} Among of his queens one of the notable junior queen were ''Sao Nang Su Thar'', the daughter of ''Sao Hswe Hking'' the ''saopha'' of [[Hsipaw|Ounbaunglay]] who didn't give birth children And all he had 22 children (twelve sons and ten daughters): three sons and four daughters by principal queens, and eight sons and six daughters by junior queens. Two of the notable children by junior queens were: Ne Myo Ye Kyaw and Khin Ma Min Sit the couple who give birth King [[Minye Kyawhtin]] the King who have the fourth level direct pedigree from King [[Nanda Bayin]] ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==References== * {{cite book | last=Harvey | first= G. E.| title=History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 | publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd | year = 1925| location = London}} * {{cite book | title=Hmannan Yazawin | volume=1–3 | year=1829 | location=Yangon | language=Burmese | edition=2003 | publisher=Ministry of Information, Myanmar}} * {{cite book | last=Lieberman | author-link=Victor Lieberman | first=Victor B. | title=Burmese Administrative Cycles: Anarchy and Conquest, c. 1580–1760 | year=1984 | publisher=Princeton University Press | isbn=0-691-05407-X}} * {{cite journal | author=Than Tun | author-link=Than Tun | url=http://www.lib.washington.edu/myanmar/pdfs/TT0003J.pdf | title=Administration under King Thalun (1629-48) | journal=Journal of Burma Research Society | volume=51 | number=2 | date=1968}} * {{cite book | author=Than Tun | author-link=Than Tun | title=The Royal Orders of Burma, A.D. 1598–1885 | year=1985 | volume=2 | publisher=Kyoto University | hdl=2433/173789 }} * {{cite book | last=Kala | first=U | title=Maha Yazawin | title-link=Maha Yazawin | publisher=Ya-Pyei Publishing | location=Yangon | year=1724 | edition=2006, 4th printing | language=Burmese | volume=1–3}} ==External links== *{{cite web|url= http://www.lib.washington.edu/asp/myanmar/pdfs/TT0023J.pdf |title=Thalun Mint Let-Htet Ote-Chote-Yay }} {{small|(1444 KB)}}. {{s-start}} {{s-hou|[[Toungoo Dynasty]]|17 June|1584|27 August|1648}} {{s-reg}} {{s-bef|before=[[Minyedeippa]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Burmese monarchs|King of Burma]]|years=19 August 1629 – 27 August 1648}} {{s-aft|after=[[Pindale Min|Pindale]]}} {{s-roy}} {{s-bef|before=[[Anaukpetlun]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of heirs to the Burmese thrones|Heir to the Burmese Throne]]|years=3 March 1606 – 9 July 1628}} {{s-aft|after=[[Minye Kyawswa II of Toungoo|Minye Kyawswa II]]}} {{s-bef|before=[[Yan Naing of Prome|Yan Naing]] as King of Prome}} {{s-ttl|title=[[List of rulers of Prome|Viceroy of Prome]]|years=2 November 1620 – 9 July 1628}} {{s-aft|after=[[Udein Kyawhtin]] as Governor of Prome}} {{s-end}} {{Burmese monarchs}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Rulers of Toungoo]] [[Category:1584 births]] [[Category:1648 deaths]] [[Category:17th-century Burmese monarchs]] {{Burma-royal-stub}}

1,297,667,971

[{"title": "King of Burma", "data": {"Reign": "19 August 1630 \u2013 27 August 1648", "Predecessor": "Minyedeippa", "Successor": "Pindale"}}]

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# I Won't Let You Down (Ph.D. song) "I Won't Let You Down" is a song by British band Ph.D., released as the second single from their eponymous debut studio album (1981). It entered the Australian charts in October 1981 and reached number five; it entered the UK Singles Chart in April 1982 at number 34, peaked at number three the following month. It went on to become the 23rd best-selling single of 1982 in the UK. It was the band's biggest selling single and became one of lead singer Jim Diamond's signature songs (the song is often incorrectly credited to Diamond himself). Diamond re-recorded the song on his eponymous 1993 album Jim Diamond with a slightly different arrangement, and it remained a staple of his live shows up until his death in 2015. ## Music video The original music video for the song was set in and around the Queensway area of West London. As with the band's previous single "Little Suzi's on the Up", the video is shot in a slapstick comedy style and features Jim Diamond as a well-dressed man trying to win back the affections of his lover (played by Nina Carter) (thus mirroring the theme of the song) using presents and taking her to upmarket bars and restaurants. Tony Hymas appears as the video's antagonist; in various scenes dressed in various disguises he makes unsuccessful attempts to assassinate, or maim Diamond's character in order to win the affections of the woman. He is finally successful when, posing as a car dealer, he lures Diamond into a second hand car, which is revealed to be on the end of a crane in a scrapyard being lifted up, whilst Hymas walks away with the girl as the camera zooms out and fades to black. ## Charts | Chart (1982) | Peak position | | --------------------------------- | ------------- | | Australia (Kent Music Report) | 5 | | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 1 | | Ireland (IRMA) | 3 | | Italy (Musica e dischi) | 2 | | Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 1 | | Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 1 | | South Africa (Springbok Radio) | 6 | | Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 2 | | UK Singles (OCC) | 3 | | West Germany (GfK) | 14 | | Chart (1982) | Position | | ------------------------------------- | -------- | | Australia (Kent Music Report) | 37 | | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 2 | | Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 2 | | Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 9 | | Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 17 | | UK Singles (BMRB) | 24 | | West Germany (Official German Charts) | 28 | ## Certifications | Region | Certification | Certified units/sales | | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | --------------------- | | Netherlands (NVPI) | Gold | 100,000^ | | United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 250,000^ | | ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. | | | ## Cover versions - In 1992, the song was covered by '2 Boys', which was then released in 1993, produced by Pascal Blach, Samy Deep and Bobby Luccini. The song hit the Dutch and Belgian Charts in 1993, and stayed there for 9 weeks in the Netherlands, peaking on the 20th position, and it stayed for 14 weeks in the Belgian Charts, with a 6th position peak.[23] - In 1999, Australian singer Kate Ceberano recorded a cover version of "I Won't Let You Down", which was released in July 1999 as the first single for her first compilation album, True Romantic. She performed the song on Hey Hey It's Saturday.[24] The single reached position 50 on the Australian charts.[25] - An Italian version of the song by Zucchero, titled Tutti i colori della mia vita ("All the Colours of My Life"), was released in 2008. It reached position 7 on the Italian charts.[26] - American DJ Armand van Helden covered the song under the title Wings (I Won't Let You Down) in 2022, featuring singer Karen Harding.[27]

enwiki/12674390

enwiki

12,674,390

I Won't Let You Down (Ph.D. song)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Won%27t_Let_You_Down_(Ph.D._song)

2025-06-17T19:27:32Z

en

Q1933757

112,655

{{Short description|1981 single by Ph.D.}} {{Infobox song | name = I Won't Let You Down | cover = phd004.jpg | alt = | caption = UK 7-inch single cover | type = single | artist = [[Ph.D. (band)|Ph.D.]] | album = [[Ph.D. (Ph.D. album)|Ph.D.]] | B-side = Hideaway | released = 17 April 1981<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Releases|magazine=[[Record Mirror]]|date=25 April 1981|page=26|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/57779449@N02/49961180932/in/album-72157714542635617/|via=[[Flickr]]|access-date=8 February 2021}}</ref> | recorded = | studio = [[Ramport Studios|Ramport]] (London) | genre = [[Synth-pop]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sweeting |first1=Adam |last2=MacAskill |first2=Ewen |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/oct/11/jim-diamond |title=Jim Diamond obituary |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 October 2015 |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | length = 4:10 | label = [[Warner Music Group|WEA]] | writer = * [[Jim Diamond (singer)|Jim Diamond]] * [[Tony Hymas]] | producer = Ph.D. | prev_title = [[Little Suzi's on the Up]] | prev_year = 1981 | next_title = There's No Answer to It | next_year = 1982 }} "'''I Won't Let You Down'''" is a song by British band [[Ph.D. (band)|Ph.D.]], released as the second single from their [[Ph.D. (Ph.D. album)|eponymous debut studio album]] (1981). It entered the Australian charts in October 1981 and reached number five;<ref name="Kent"/> it entered the [[UK Singles Chart]] in April 1982 at number 34, peaked at number three the following month. It went on to become the 23rd best-selling single of 1982 in the UK. It was the band's biggest selling single and became one of lead singer [[Jim Diamond (singer)|Jim Diamond]]'s signature songs (the song is often incorrectly credited to Diamond himself). Diamond re-recorded the song on his eponymous 1993 album ''[[Jim Diamond (1993 album)|Jim Diamond]]'' with a slightly different arrangement, and it remained a staple of his live shows up until his death in 2015. ==Music video== {{unreferenced section|date=February 2023}} The original music video for the song was set in and around the [[Queensway, London|Queensway]] area of West London. As with the band's previous single "Little Suzi's on the Up", the video is shot in a [[slapstick]] comedy style and features Jim Diamond as a well-dressed man trying to win back the affections of his lover (played by [[Nina Carter]]) (thus mirroring the theme of the song) using presents and taking her to upmarket bars and restaurants. Tony Hymas appears as the video's antagonist; in various scenes dressed in various disguises he makes unsuccessful attempts to assassinate, or maim Diamond's character in order to win the affections of the woman. He is finally successful when, posing as a car dealer, he lures Diamond into a second hand car, which is revealed to be on the end of a crane in a scrapyard being lifted up, whilst Hymas walks away with the girl as the camera zooms out and fades to black. ==Charts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Weekly charts=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ Weekly chart performance for "I Won't Let You Down" ! scope="col"| Chart (1982) ! scope="col"| Peak position |- ! scope="row"| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name="Kent">{{cite book |last=Kent |first=David |author-link=David Kent (historian) |title=Australian Top 20 Book 1940–2006 |location=Turramurra, N.S.W. |publisher=Australian Chart Book |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-646-47665-0}}</ref><ref name="aus81">{{cite web|title= National Top 100 Singles for 1981 |publisher= [[Kent Music Report]] |issue= 393 |page= 7 |via= [[Imgur]] |date= 4 January 1982 |access-date= 11 January 2022 |url= https://i.imgur.com/RgsDOOc.jpg}}</ref> | 5 |- {{single chart|Flanders|1|artist=Ph.D.|song=I Won't Let You Down|rowheader=true}} |- {{single chart|Ireland2|3|artist=PHD|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2019}} |- ! scope="row"| Italy (''[[Musica e dischi]]'')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.musicaedischi.it/classifiche_archivio.php |title=Classifiche |work=[[Musica e dischi]] |language=it |access-date=8 June 2022}} ''Select "Singoli" in the "Tipo" field, type "I Won't Let You Down" in the "Titolo" field and press "cerca".''</ref> | 2 |- {{single chart|Dutch40|1|artist=PH-D|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2019}} |- {{single chart|Dutch100|1|artist=Ph.D.|song=I Won't Let You Down|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2019}} |- ! scope="row"| South Africa ([[Springbok Radio]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rock.co.za/files/springbok_top_20_(P).html |title=SA Charts 1965–1989 (As presented on Springbok Radio/Radio Orion) – Acts P |website=The South African Rock Encyclopedia |access-date=23 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925122358/http://www.rock.co.za/files/springbok_top_20_(P).html |archive-date=25 September 2019}}</ref> | 6 |- {{single chart|Switzerland|2|artist=Ph.D.|song=I Won't Let You Down|rowheader=true}} |- {{single chart|UKsinglesbyname|3|artist=P-H-D|artistid=19510|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2019}} |- {{single chart|West Germany|14|songid=823|artist=Ph.D.|song=I Won't Let You Down|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2019}} |} {{col-2}} ===Year-end charts=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ Year-end chart performance for "I Won't Let You Down" ! scope="col"| Chart (1982) ! scope="col"| Position |- ! scope="row"| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name="aus81"/> | 37 |- ! scope="row"| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=1982&cat=s |title=Jaaroverzichten 1982 – Singles |language=nl |publisher=Ultratop |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | 2 |- ! scope="row"| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.top40.nl/bijzondere-lijsten/top-100-jaaroverzichten/1982 |title=Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1982 |language=nl |publisher=Dutch Top 40 |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | 2 |- ! scope="row"| Netherlands (Single Top 100)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1982&cat=s |title=Jaaroverzichten – Single 1982 |language=nl |publisher=[[Dutch Charts]] |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | 9 |- ! scope="row"| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hitparade.ch/charts/jahreshitparade/1982 |title=Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1982 |website=hitparade.ch |language=de |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | 17 |- ! scope="row"| UK Singles ([[British Market Research Bureau Limited|BMRB]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rees |first1=Dafydd |last2=Lazell |first2=Barry |last3=Jones |first3=Alan |chapter=The Top 100 UK Singles |title=Chart File Volume 2 |location=London |publisher=[[Virgin Books]] |year=1983 |pages=80–81 |isbn=0-907080-73-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Copsey |first=Rob |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/the-official-top-50-best-selling-songs-of-1982__32665/ |title=The Official Top 50 best-selling songs of 1982 |publisher=Official Charts Company |date=12 March 2021 |access-date=8 June 2022}}</ref> | 24 |- ! scope="row"| West Germany (Official German Charts)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/single-jahr/for-date-1982 |title=Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts – 1982 |language=de |publisher=GfK Entertainment |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref> | 28 |} {{col-end}} ==Certifications== {{Certification Table Top|caption=Certifications for "I Won't Let You Down"}} {{Certification Table Entry|region=Netherlands|artist=Ph. D.|title=I Won't Let You Down|award=Gold|type=single|relyear=1981|certyear=1981|access-date=July 16, 2022}} {{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|artist=Ph D|title=I Won't Let You Down|award=Silver|type=single|relyear=1981|certyear=1981|id=3173-1152-1|date=1 May 1982|access-date=8 June 2022}} {{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=yes}} ==Cover versions== * In 1992, the song was covered by '2 Boys', which was then released in 1993, produced by Pascal Blach, Samy Deep and Bobby Luccini. The song hit the Dutch and Belgian Charts in 1993, and stayed there for 9 weeks in the Netherlands, peaking on the 20th position, and it stayed for 14 weeks in the Belgian Charts, with a 6th position peak.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=2+Boys&titel=I+Won%27t+Let+You+Down&cat=s | title=Dutch Charts - dutchcharts.nl }}</ref> * In 1999, Australian singer [[Kate Ceberano]] recorded a cover version of "I Won't Let You Down", which was released in July 1999 as the first single for her first compilation album, ''[[True Romantic]]''. She performed the song on ''[[Hey Hey It's Saturday]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mtckKihDM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/44mtckKihDM |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Kate Ceberano - I Won't Let You Down - Hey Hey It's Saturday 1999|date=9 May 2010 |via=[[YouTube]]|access-date=23 April 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The single reached position 50 on the Australian charts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=australian-charts.com - Kate Ceberano - I Won't Let You Down |url=https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Kate+Ceberano&titel=I+Won%27t+Let+You+Down |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=australian-charts.com}}</ref> * An Italian version of the song by [[Zucchero]], titled ''Tutti i colori della mia vita'' ("All the Colours of My Life"), was released in 2008. It reached position 7 on the Italian charts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=italiancharts.com - Zucchero Sugar Fornaciari - Tutti i colori della mia vita |url=https://italiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Zucchero+Sugar+Fornaciari&titel=Tutti+i+colori+della+mia+vita |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=italiancharts.com}}</ref> * American DJ [[Armand van Helden]] covered the song under the title ''Wings (I Won't Let You Down)'' in 2022, featuring singer [[Karen Harding]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Major |first=Michael |title=Armand Van Helden Enlists Karen Harding For Rework of 'Wings (I Won't Let You Down)' |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Armand-Van-Helden-Enlists-Karen-Harding-For-Rework-of-Wings-I-Wont-Let-You-Down-20221220 |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Kate Ceberano}} {{authority control}} [[Category:1981 songs]] [[Category:1981 singles]] [[Category:1982 singles]] [[Category:1999 singles]] [[Category:Ph.D. (band) songs]] [[Category:Kate Ceberano songs]] [[Category:Dutch Top 40 number-one singles]] [[Category:Number-one singles in the Netherlands]] [[Category:Ultratop 50 Singles (Flanders) number-one singles]] [[Category:Songs written by Jim Diamond (singer)]] [[Category:Festival Records singles]] [[Category:Warner Music Group singles]]

1,296,092,189

[{"title": "from the album Ph.D.", "data": {"B-side": "\"Hideaway\"", "Released": "17 April 1981", "Studio": "Ramport (London)", "Genre": "Synth-pop", "Length": "4:10", "Label": "WEA", "Songwriter(s)": "Jim Diamond Tony Hymas", "Producer(s)": "Ph.D."}}, {"title": "Ph.D. singles chronology", "data": {"\"Little Suzi's on the Up\" \u00b7 (1981)": "\"I Won't Let You Down\" \u00b7 (1981) \u00b7 \"There's No Answer to It\" \u00b7 (1982)"}}, {"title": "Kate Ceberano", "data": {"Studio albums": "Brave Like Now Think About It! Blue Box Pash The Girl Can Help It 19 Days in New York Nine Lime Avenue So Much Beauty Bittersweet Dallas et Kate Merry Christmas Kensal Road Lullaby Tryst The Dangerous Age Sweet Inspiration My Life Is a Symphony", "Live albums": "Kate Ceberano and Her Septet Kate Ceberano and Friends Kate Ceberano Live with the WASO The Monash Sessions", "Soundtracks": "You've Always Got the Blues Jesus Christ Superstar", "Compilations": "True Romantic Anthology", "Notable singles": "\" Love Don't Live Here Anymore \" \" I'm Beginning to See the Light \" \" Bedroom Eyes \" \" Love Dimension \" \" Young Boys Are My Weakness\"/\"Brave \" \" That's What I Call Love \" \" Nature Boy \" \" Every Little Thing \" \" Everything's Alright \" \" I Don't Know How to Love Him \" \" Love and Affection \" \" Pash \" \" I Won't Let You Down \"", "Related artists": "Tino Ceberano Models Out of Mind, Out of Sight I'm Talking Bear Witness"}}]

false

# Alfred P. Thorne Alfred Palmerston Thorne (May 4, 1913 – August 12, 2012) was a development economist, international consultant and educator. He was a featured university lecturer at a number of international campuses including Oxford University. Authoring many articles on the economic development experience of developing countries, his scholarly works were published by Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Oxford Economic Papers, University of Puerto Rico, and University of the West Indies. Among other works, Dr. Thorne authored the Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study. The monograph traces the flow of national income throughout the country's economic sectors. It was very well received and has been collected by and taught at institutions and libraries across the globe. Thorne was also a contributor to Development Without Aid by Leopold Kohr in which he wrote an introduction and rebuttal to the book's major premise. Alfred P. Thorne received his PhD in Economics and Masters in Business Administration from Columbia University, and received a BComm Honors from the London School of Economics. He became a consultant to the Puerto Rico Planning Board and Department of Commerce, the United Nations, USAID, CIDES and several nations. He witnessed the regime change against Professor Juan Bosch in the Dominican Republic and was an active member of the Instituto de Estudios del Caribe (IEC), the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth. He corresponded with Noam Chomsky and Jan Tinbergen, and Ernst Schumacher asked to meet with him when Schumacher visited Puerto Rico. ## Personal life Alfred P. Thorne was the first child of Alfred Athiel Thorne (A. A. Thorne) and Violet Janet Ashurst. ### Early life and education Alfred P. Thorne was born in Georgetown, British Guiana on May 4, 1913, to a prominent family. His father was Alfred Athiel Thorne, a highly popular and influential statesman, served as mayor of British Guiana's capital city Georgetown, founded and led the British Guiana Worker's League in 1931 (one of the first human rights and labor rights organizations in the Western Hemisphere), and educator who established one of the first free co-educational private secondary schools in the world to admit students based on merit regardless of gender, ethnicity, color, religion, or socioeconomic status. Alfred P. Thorne's mother was Violet Janet Thorne (née Ashurst), an educator, artist, and mother of four sons and a daughter. Alfred P. Thorne was an outstanding scholar who excelled in the British education system. He passed the Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board in 1929. He was fluent in English, Spanish, French, Latin and also proficient at reading and writing classical Greek and Latin to Oxford/Cambridge standards. During World War II, he completed his extramural studies and earned a B.Com. (Honors) from the London School of Economics at the University of London in 1941. In 1950 he earned a master's degree from Columbia University Graduate School of Business. In May, 1958 he received official notification from the Columbia University Department of Economics that his doctoral thesis had been accepted and was awarded a PhD in economics. ### Marriage and Family Alfred P. Thorne married Edith Vivienne Thorne (née Campbell) in Georgetown, British Guiana on January 5, 1946, at St. Sidwell's Church Lodge. Vivienne was the second daughter of Mr. Charles A. Campbell. She had been a child prodigy at the piano and later went on to earn a master's degree in economics. Together with his wife, Thorne raised two children: Hugh C. Thorne and Alfred Thorne Jr. Thorne took early retirement from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977 to care for his youngest son, Alfred Jr., who had been diagnosed with a terminal illness years earlier. Thorne moved to New York in 1982 to resume his research work, which culminated in a book titled Poor By Design, published in 2012. The book was completed with one of his granddaughters, Malaika Thorne, and chronicled on the blog Unraveling Poverty. ## Career ### British Guiana Dr. Thorne's career as an economist began in 1945 when he was recruited by Sir Winston Churchill's cousin, Oscar A. Spencer, first economic adviser to the Governor of British Guiana, to assist with the country's first economic development plan. Alfred P. Thorne was tasked with forecasting the gross domestic product and national income for policy-making and planning. ### New York City In 1950, Columbia University Professor Carl S. Schoup, Alfred Thorne's former professor, recruited Thorne to join a team of leading economists to diagnose and analyze the financial problems of New York City. The team's work was published under the title The Financial Problems of the City of New York in 1952. ### Innovative View of Development in Jamaica He was invited to join the research staff of the University of the West Indies in December of 1953. During his time there, he conducted a study that was published as a national income study of the economy of Jamaica, funded by the university, the British Government and the Government of Jamaica. It was the first disciplined and thorough look at the developing economy of Jamaican. Thorne's approach to the study was an innovation that used accounting as a framework to trace the flow of income from one economic sector to the next. The report of this study was published as the monograph in 1955. The monograph was praised for its innovations in national income accounting and use in economic planning and forecasting in a review by Professor Ursula Hicks of Oxford University. The February, 1957 review referred to as "...sufficient to demonstrate to any developing country the great value of such knowledge for the successful planning of the development process." The monograph also became required reading at some of the leading universities. The research published in that study has been widely utilized by economists. ### Global Work From 1955 to 1965 Alfred P. Thorne joined the faculty of the newly created University of Puerto Rico Graduate School Economics. Two years later he was invited to be a consultant on Planning Board of the Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico. He was editor and published in Caribbean Studies, the premier publication of The Institute of Caribbean Studies, established in 1958 as part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is the first interdisciplinary research center in the region with the "Greater Caribbean" as its field of inquiry. Its mission is to conduct, support and divulge academic research of the region in the disciplines of Social Sciences and the Humanities. It includes original works and book reviews in English, Spanish and French. In June of 1959, he was invited to present a paper at First Latin American Regional Conference organized by the United Nations and International Association for Research In Income and Wealth, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An English version of the paper was published in Harvard University's The Review of Economics and Statistics, November, 1962, titled "Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies—More Appropriate Equations". From 1961 to 1962 he was a guest lecturer at Oxford University for Professors Frankel and Ursula Hicks. He was offered a full-time post at the university, but for family reasons could not accept. During the 1960s he also served as a council member of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth and was invited to be a non-resident member at Queen Elizabeth House. Between June 23-38, 1963, he presented a paper titled "A Critical Analysis of the Statistical and Economic Factors in the Growth Rates of Puerto Rico and Jamaica, 1950-59" at the 1963 conference of the International Association for the Research in Income and Wealth held in Corfu, Greece. He returned to the University of Puerto Rico and became a consultant to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) the following year. Through his work as a consultant, he visited various Caribbean countries and formally proposed development plans to the U. S. government regarding economic development in these countries. In the summer of 1964 he was a U.S.-sponsored visiting professor Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier and Universidad Mayor de San Andres in La Paz, Bolivia. From January through June of the following year, he was a visiting professor at Rutgers University. He became a professor at the newly formed Graduate School of Planning, University of Puerto Rico in August 1965. He also taught courses at the Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo. ### Research During the 1969–70 academic year, Dr. Thorne took a sabbatical during which he traveled around the world to conduct research on what became his last book. His travels included visiting the London—British Library, where he focused economic policies in the former British colonies. He also visited Paris—Les Archives, to study material related to what had been the French colonies. During that visit, he met with Dr. Bernard Gazes, France's chief economist and learned about France's approaches to making its economic policies. During his visit to the Netherlands he had a comparable interview with Professor Jan Tinbergen, who had just won the Nobel Prize for Economics, regarding similar matters on economic policy formation in the Netherlands. During the same trip, he interviewed Norway and Sweden's chief economists and with Malta's Minister of Finance. Dr. Thorne also visited Senegal, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia and interviewed both government officials and with non-government persons. He also obtained relevant economic policy information for Pakistan and India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan through relevant officials in those countries. He also stopped in Tokyo briefly before returning to Puerto Rico. Alfred P. Thorne warned the Puerto Rican government of the unsustainable trajectory that the country was traveling on in an OpEd published in the San Juan Star in 1972. He retired from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977. His work has been collected by universities, banks and other institutions of higher learning around the globe. His last book is the culmination of his experiences and years of research. It explains why some underdeveloped countries remain so after many decades of economic stagnation for their poorest inhabitants.

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[[File:Photograph of Alfred P. Thorne.jpg|thumbnail|Photograph of Alfred P. Thorne]] '''Alfred Palmerston Thorne''' (May 4, 1913 – August 12, 2012) was a development economist, international consultant and educator. He was a featured university lecturer at a number of international campuses including [[Oxford University]]. Authoring many articles on the economic development experience of developing countries, his scholarly works were published by [[Harvard University]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]],<ref name="SectorIncome">{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1926664 | jstor=1926664 | doi=10.2307/1926664 | title=Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies--More Appropriate Equations | last1=Thorne | first1=Alfred P. | journal=The Review of Economics and Statistics | date=1962 | volume=44 | issue=4 | pages=466–472 | url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Oxford Economic Papers]], [[University of Puerto Rico]], and University of the West Indies.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27853564 | jstor=27853564 | title=Revisions, and Suggestions for Deflating the Gross Product Estimates for Jamaican-type Economies | last1=Thorne | first1=Alfred P. | journal=Social and Economic Studies | date=1960 | volume=9 | issue=1 | pages=41–56 }}</ref> Among other works, Dr. Thorne authored the Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study.<ref name="SizeStructure">{{Cite book |last=Thorne |first=Alfred P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wh92QgAACAAJ |title=Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study |date=1955}}</ref> The monograph traces the flow of national income throughout the country's economic sectors. It was very well received<ref name="OxfordEcon">{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2662017 | jstor=2662017 | title=Learning about Economic Development | last1=Hicks | first1=Ursula K. | journal=Oxford Economic Papers | date=1957 | volume=9 | issue=1 | pages=1–13 | doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042268 | url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1812310 | jstor=1812310 | last1=Murad | first1=Anatol | title=Reviewed work: Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study, Alfred P. Thorne | journal=The American Economic Review | date=1957 | volume=47 | issue=1 | pages=186–189 }}</ref> and has been collected by and taught at institutions and libraries across the globe.<ref name="ScottishJournal">{{cite journal | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9485.1958.tb00348.x/abstract | doi=10.1111/j.1467-9485.1958.tb00348.x | title=The Practical Uses of Input-Loutput Analysis | date=1958 | last1=Stewart | first1=I. G. | journal=Scottish Journal of Political Economy | volume=5 | pages=50–59 | url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27851041 | jstor=27851041 | title=Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica: A National Economic Accounts Study | last1=Thorne | first1=Alfred P. | journal=Social and Economic Studies | date=1955 | volume=4 | issue=4 }}</ref><ref name="BWI">List of books and serials on the British West Indies held in the Bobst Library circulating collections, [http://nyu.libguides.com/content.php?pid=41653&sid=360736 Research Institute for the Study of Man (RISM) Collections at New York University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222063014/http://nyu.libguides.com/content.php?pid=41653&sid=360736 |date=2014-02-22 }}. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ugbclibrary.uog.edu.gy/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=au:%20%20Thorne%2C%20Alfred%20P |title=University of Guyana Library |access-date=2012-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222030439/http://ugbclibrary.uog.edu.gy/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=au:%20%20Thorne%2C%20Alfred%20P |archive-date=2014-02-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="CIFAS">Comitas Institute for Anthropological Study (CIFAS). "[http://www.cifas.us/page/chapter-41-general-economics Chapter 41: General Economics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221230423/http://www.cifas.us/page/chapter-41-general-economics |date=2014-02-21 }}", Section VII: Socioeconomic Activities and Institutions (41-52).</ref><ref>[http://www.abebooks.com/Size-Structure-Growth-Economy-Jamaica-Thorne/1420830848/bd Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica on AbeBooks.com].</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Aronson |first=Robert L. |date=1961 |title=Labour Commitment Among Jamaican Bauxite Workers: A CASE STUDY |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27853622 |journal=Social and Economic Studies |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=156–182|jstor=27853622 }}</ref><ref>McBain, Helen, "[http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/integracion_comercio/i_INTAL_IYT_15_2001_McBain.Pdf Income Inequality in the Caribbean: Case Study of Jamaica] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223030912/http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/integracion_comercio/i_INTAL_IYT_15_2001_McBain.Pdf |date=2014-02-23 }}" in Integration & Trade, [Inter-American Development Bank], Volume 5 (September–December) 2001. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>Don Mitchell QBE QC [http://www.books.ai/11th/Tho.htm Mitchell's West Indian Bibliography], 11th Ed. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref><ref>Worldcat list of libraries holding Size, Structure and Growth of the Economy of Jamaica. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3971549]. Retrieved on March 12, 2013.</ref><ref>Social and Economic Studies, Vol 37, No.s 1 & 2. [http://www.richardbernal.net/The_Great_Depression_Colonial_Policy_and_Industrialization_in_Jamaica.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301190158/http://www.richardbernal.net/The_Great_Depression_Colonial_Policy_and_Industrialization_in_Jamaica.pdf|date=2014-03-01}}. Retrieved on February 15, 2014.</ref> Thorne was also a contributor to Development Without Aid by [[Leopold Kohr]]<ref name="DevWithoutAid">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0e6AAAAIAAJ |isbn=0805237097 |title=Development Without Aid: The Translucent Society |last1=Kohr |first1=Leopold |date=1979 |publisher=Schocken Books }}</ref> in which he wrote an introduction and rebuttal to the book's major premise. Alfred P. Thorne received his PhD in Economics and Masters in Business Administration from [[Columbia University]], and received a BComm Honors from the [[London School of Economics]]. He became a consultant to the Puerto Rico Planning Board and Department of Commerce, the [[United Nations]], [[USAID]], [[CIDES]] and several nations. He witnessed the regime change against Professor [[Juan Bosch (politician)|Juan Bosch]] in the [[Dominican Republic]] and was an active member of the Instituto de Estudios del Caribe (IEC), the [https://iariw.org/about/purpose-function/ International Association for Research in Income and Wealth]. He corresponded with [[Noam Chomsky]] and [[Jan Tinbergen]], and [[E. F. Schumacher|Ernst Schumacher]] asked to meet with him when Schumacher visited Puerto Rico. ==Personal life== Alfred P. Thorne was the first child of [[Alfred A. Thorne|Alfred Athiel Thorne]] ([[Alfred A. Thorne|A. A. Thorne]]) and Violet Janet Ashurst. ===Early life and education=== Alfred P. Thorne was born in Georgetown, [[British Guiana]] on May 4, 1913, to a prominent family. His father was [[Alfred A. Thorne|Alfred Athiel Thorne]], a highly popular and influential statesman, served as mayor of British Guiana's capital city Georgetown, founded and led the British Guiana Worker's League in 1931 (one of the first human rights and labor rights organizations in the Western Hemisphere), and educator who established one of the first free co-educational private secondary schools in the world to admit students based on merit regardless of gender, ethnicity, color, religion, or socioeconomic status.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2492&dat=19970209&id=xrc1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=NSgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1028,1426027 "History Today: Alfred Athiel Thorne"], [[Stabroek News]], Guyana, Monday, Feb. 10, 1997. Retrieved on Monday, November 26, 2012.</ref> Alfred P. Thorne's mother was Violet Janet Thorne (née Ashurst), an educator, artist, and mother of four sons and a daughter. Alfred P. Thorne was an outstanding scholar who excelled in the British education system. He passed the [[Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations|Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board]] in 1929. He was fluent in English, Spanish, French, Latin and also proficient at reading and writing [[Ancient Greek|classical Greek]] and Latin to Oxford/Cambridge standards. During World War II, he completed his extramural studies and earned a B.Com. (Honors) from the [[London School of Economics]] at the [[University of London]] in 1941. In 1950 he earned a master's degree from [[Columbia University]] Graduate School of Business. In May, 1958 he received official notification from the Columbia University Department of Economics that his doctoral thesis<ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/044769563 The Jamaican economy and its portrayal and analysis through appropriate systems of sector and national accounts.] Thesis--Columbia University.</ref> had been accepted and was awarded a PhD in economics. ===Marriage and Family=== Alfred P. Thorne married Edith Vivienne Thorne (née Campbell) in Georgetown, British Guiana on January 5, 1946, at St. Sidwell's Church Lodge.<ref>The Daily Argosy, January 13, 1946: page 2. As recorded on http://guygenbiosociety.blogspot.com/2010_01_01_archive.html, accessed December 19, 2012.</ref> Vivienne was the second daughter of Mr. Charles A. Campbell. She had been a child prodigy at the piano and later went on to earn a master's degree in economics. Together with his wife, Thorne raised two children: Hugh C. Thorne and Alfred Thorne Jr. Thorne took early retirement from the [[University of Puerto Rico]] in 1977 to care for his youngest son, Alfred Jr., who had been diagnosed with a terminal illness years earlier. Thorne moved to New York in 1982 to resume his research work, which culminated in a book titled Poor By Design,<ref>Thorne, Alfred P. [http://www.poorbydesignbook.com/ Poor By Design]. Terracentric Press. 2012.</ref> published in 2012. The book was completed with one of his granddaughters, Malaika Thorne, and chronicled on the blog [http://terracentricpress.com/words Unraveling Poverty]. ==Career== ===British Guiana=== Dr. Thorne's career as an economist began in 1945 when he was recruited by Sir [[Winston Churchill]]'s cousin, Oscar A. Spencer, first economic adviser to the Governor of British Guiana, to assist with the country's first economic development plan. Alfred P. Thorne was tasked with forecasting the gross domestic product and national income for policy-making and planning. ===New York City=== In 1950, Columbia University Professor [[Carl Shoup|Carl S. Schoup]], Alfred Thorne's former professor, recruited Thorne to join a team of leading economists to diagnose and analyze the financial problems of New York City. The team's work was published under the title The Financial Problems of the City of New York in 1952.<ref name="FinProbNY">Schoup, Carl S. et al. "[https://www.amazon.com/The-Financial-Problem-City-York/dp/B000KYNF7G The Financial Problem of The City of New York: A Report to the Mayor's Committee on Management Survey]". Finance Project. June, 1952.</ref> ===Innovative View of Development in Jamaica=== He was invited to join the research staff of the [[University of the West Indies]] in December of 1953. During his time there, he conducted a study that was published as a national income study of the economy of Jamaica, funded by the university, the British Government and the Government of Jamaica. It was the first disciplined and thorough look at the developing economy of Jamaican. Thorne's approach to the study was an innovation that used accounting as a framework to trace the flow of income from one economic sector to the next. The report of this study was published as the monograph<ref name="SizeStructure" /> in 1955. The monograph was praised for its innovations in national income accounting and use in economic planning and forecasting in a review by Professor [[Lady Ursula Hicks|Ursula Hicks]] of Oxford University.<ref name="OxfordEcon" /> The February, 1957 review referred to as "...sufficient to demonstrate to any developing country the great value of such knowledge for the successful planning of the development process." The monograph also became required reading at some of the leading universities. The research published in that study has been widely utilized by economists.<ref>Gene M, Tidrick. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032429/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAA009.pdf WAGE SPILLOVER AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN A WAGE GAP ECONOMY: THE JAMAICAN CASE]. Research Memorandum No. 4+7, [[Center for Development Economics]] Williams College, Wiliamstown, Massachusetts, June 1972. Hosted on usaid.gov, accessed December 19, 2012.</ref> ===Global Work=== From 1955 to 1965 Alfred P. Thorne joined the faculty of the newly created University of Puerto Rico Graduate School Economics. Two years later he was invited to be a consultant on Planning Board of the Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico. He was editor and published in ''Caribbean Studies'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search results {{!}} JSTOR |url=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?scope=eyJwYWdlTmFtZSI6ICJDYXJpYmJlYW4gU3R1ZGllcyIsICJwYWdlVXJsIjogIi9qb3VybmFsL2NhcmlzdHVkIiwgInR5cGUiOiAiam91cm5hbCIsICJqY29kZXMiOiAiY2FyaXN0dWQifQ==&Query=Thorne&so=rel |access-date=2025-06-13 |website=www.jstor.org}}</ref> the premier publication of The Institute of Caribbean Studies, established in 1958 as part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is the first interdisciplinary research center in the region with the "Greater Caribbean" as its field of inquiry. Its mission is to conduct, support and divulge academic research of the region in the disciplines of Social Sciences and the Humanities. It includes original works and book reviews in English, Spanish and French. In June of 1959, he was invited to present a paper at First Latin American Regional Conference organized by the [[United Nations]] and [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2012.00529.x/abstract International Association for Research In Income and Wealth], in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An English version of the paper was published in Harvard University's [[The Review of Economics and Statistics]], November, 1962, titled "[https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1926664?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101482904387 Sector Income Accounting and Analysis for Latin American and Caribbean Economies—More Appropriate Equations]". From 1961 to 1962 he was a guest lecturer at Oxford University for Professors Frankel and Ursula Hicks. He was offered a full-time post at the university, but for family reasons could not accept. During the 1960s he also served as a council member of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth and was invited to be a non-resident member at Queen Elizabeth House. Between June 23-38, 1963, he presented a paper titled "[http://www.roiw.org/11/8.pdf A Critical Analysis of the Statistical and Economic Factors in the Growth Rates of Puerto Rico and Jamaica, 1950-59]" at the 1963 conference of the International Association for the Research in Income and Wealth held in Corfu, Greece.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Studies in short-term national accounts and long-term economic growth. Income and Wealth, Series XI - 1965 |url=http://www.roiw.org/1965.asp |access-date=2025-06-13 |website=www.roiw.org}}</ref> He returned to the University of Puerto Rico and became a consultant to the [[United States Agency for International Development]] ([[USAID]]) the following year. Through his work as a consultant, he visited various Caribbean countries and formally proposed development plans to the U. S. government regarding economic development in these countries. In the summer of 1964 he was a U.S.-sponsored visiting professor Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier and Universidad Mayor de San Andres in La Paz, Bolivia. From January through June of the following year, he was a visiting professor at Rutgers University. He became a professor at the newly formed Graduate School of Planning, University of Puerto Rico in August 1965. He also taught courses at the Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo. ===Research=== During the 1969–70 academic year, Dr. Thorne took a sabbatical during which he traveled around the world to conduct research on what became his last book. His travels included visiting the London—British Library, where he focused economic policies in the former British colonies. He also visited Paris—Les Archives, to study material related to what had been the French colonies. During that visit, he met with Dr. Bernard Gazes, France's chief economist and learned about France's approaches to making its economic policies. During his visit to the Netherlands he had a comparable interview with Professor [[Jan Tinbergen]], who had just won the [[Nobel Prize for Economics]], regarding similar matters on economic policy formation in the Netherlands. During the same trip, he interviewed Norway and Sweden's chief economists and with Malta's Minister of Finance. Dr. Thorne also visited Senegal, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia and interviewed both government officials and with non-government persons. He also obtained relevant economic policy information for Pakistan and India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan through relevant officials in those countries. He also stopped in Tokyo briefly before returning to Puerto Rico. Alfred P. Thorne warned the Puerto Rican government of the unsustainable trajectory that the country was traveling on in an OpEd published in the [[San Juan Star]] in 1972.<ref name="SanJuanStarOpEd">Thorne, Alfred P. "Updating Economic Planning Here," The San Juan Star. April 11, 1972, Focus/Forum, 20.</ref> He retired from the University of Puerto Rico in 1977. His work has been collected by universities, banks and other institutions of higher learning around the globe.<ref name="SectorIncome" /><ref name="OxfordEcon" /><ref name="ScottishJournal" /><ref name="BWI" /><ref name="CIFAS" /><ref>[https://archive.today/20130419025543/http://library2.nalis.gov.tt/greenstone/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=d-01000-00---off-0index08--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-3-1-00-0-0-11-1-0gbk-00&a=d&cl=CL1.20 Caribbean Journal Index], Digital Library of Trinidad and Tobago.</ref><ref>Thorne, Alfred P., [http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/136580/2/fris-1960-01-02-460.pdf Revisions, and Suggestions for Deflating Gross Product Estimates], Social and Economic Studies. INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH, University College of the West Indies, Jamaica, W.I. Hosted via [http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/ Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics], [[University of Minnesota]].</ref> His last book is the culmination of his experiences and years of research. It explains why some underdeveloped countries remain so after many decades of economic stagnation for their poorest inhabitants. ==References== {{reflist|30em}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Thorne, Alfred}} [[Category:1913 births]] [[Category:2012 deaths]] [[Category:American economists]] [[Category:Columbia Business School alumni]] [[Category:Development economists]] [[Category:Guyanese academics]] [[Category:Guyanese people of World War II]] [[Category:University of Puerto Rico faculty]]

1,297,731,215

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false

# Atlas (Coldplay song) "Atlas" is a song by British rock band Coldplay for The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, the soundtrack to the 2013 American science-fiction adventure film The Hunger Games: Catching Fire. It was released digitally as the lead single from the soundtrack on 6 September 2013 worldwide, and on 8 September in the United Kingdom. The song was accompanied by a lyric video, which also premiered on 6 September. "Atlas" has charted in 16 countries and reached top ten positions in three of them, and has also received mostly positive reviews from music critics. The ballad, winning the Hollywood Song Award at the 17th Hollywood Film Awards, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media and a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. ## Background and recording "Atlas" was Coldplay's first new track in almost two years, as the band's fifth studio album Mylo Xyloto had been released in October 2011. The song was written in early 2013, at the beginning of the recording sessions for the band's sixth studio album Ghost Stories, and recorded between April and July at The Beehive, one of the band's two studios in London. The sound of "Atlas" was influential in shaping that of Ghost Stories and Coldplay had originally considered including the track on the album, but it was ultimately left out of the tracklist. "Atlas" is not the first musical piece Coldplay have written for a film, but it's the first one the band has released exclusively as part of a soundtrack, without re-using it for any of their following studio recordings. The song "We're a Team" from the same movie score is also co-written by Coldplay, and features elements of "Atlas". "I have great respect and admiration for Coldplay, and we are thrilled with how well they have connected to the themes and ideas within the film. Their unwavering passion and excitement for the project elevated the collaboration even further, and we can't wait to share this music with audiences around the world," said the film's director Francis Lawrence. "We are so honored that Coldplay, one of the iconic rock bands of our generation, will perform the first song out on the new soundtrack. Knowing that Chris Martin is a fan of the books makes this even more meaningful. The Coldplay single underscores the stature of recording artists we've assembled for this powerful soundtrack," added Tracy McKnight, Lionsgate's Head of Film Music. ## Composition The song was written by all band members and produced by Rik Simpson (with whom the band has previously worked on Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends and Mylo Xyloto), Daniel Green (Mylo Xyloto) and Coldplay themselves. The song is a down-tempo ballad, featuring a delicate piano refrain with a "moody, haunting melody", and showcasing Martin's lower-register vocals. According to some reviewers, it sounds "less like more recent Coldplay tracks and more like a throwback to their sound on A Rush of Blood to the Head," and "like a tossed-off remnant from the outfit's early days, before it began experimenting with deep rhythms and vivid textures." The piano builds to a bolder, "anthemic-quality" chorus with richly layered production, reminiscent of the band's fifth studio album, Mylo Xyloto. Catching Fire's major themes informed the song lyrics, with multiple references to recurring elements of the story as well as to mythology and spirituality. According to Billboard magazine, "the lyrics abstractly touch upon main characters Katniss and Peeta's mutual reliance." ## Critical reception Upon release, "Atlas" received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Michael Nelson of Stereogum called the track "a swooning, appropriately cinematic ballad". Erin Coulehan of Rolling Stone wrote, "The dreamy tune features a classic Coldplay presentation, with twinkling piano that builds as Chris Martin croons 'I'll carry your world'". "The dreamy, piano-driven track was clearly written specifically for 'Catching Fire,’ with lyrics like "some bend the bow" — about bow-and-arrow-wielding heroine Katniss, presumably – and "caught in the fire" (pretty self-explanatory)," wrote Karen Lanza of PopCrush. Upon release of the soundtrack album, Consequence of Sound's Rob Hakimian called the song "spirited", and AllMusic's Heather Phares described it as "typically sweeping and earnest". Randall Roberts of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "Coldplay is here too, but in a battle with Lorde's haunting version of Tears for Fears' "Everybody Wants to Rule the World", Lorde would forever reign supreme". Slant Magazine's Blue Sullivan commented that "'Atlas' is autopilot Coldplay dipping into its back catalogue for a paycheck, but at least it approximates a pulse. Though the band may have zero insider-cred, 'Atlas' proves that 'Clocks' played at three-quarter speed with most of the chorus scooped out still runs rings around most of the current zeitgeist". 3voor12 listed the song among the best of the year. ### Awards and accolades On 15 October 2013, it was announced that "Atlas" would receive the Hollywood Song Award at the 17th Hollywood Film Awards. The song was also performed at the gala ceremony, which took place on 21 October 2013 at the Beverly Hilton hotel. Carlos de Abreau, the Hollywood Film Awards founder and executive director, told The Hollywood Reporter, "The Hollywood Film Awards is thrilled to present the Hollywood Song Award to a band as globally respected and prolific as Coldplay. They continue to build their legacy and, with 'Atlas' marking the first time they have recorded for a motion picture, we cannot think of an artist better deserving of this honor." On 7 December 2013, "Atlas" received a Grammy Award nomination in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category. On 12 December 2013, it was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song. ## Commercial performance "Atlas" has achieved moderate chart success, having charted in 16 countries. The song debuted at number twelve in the United Kingdom with sales of 19,546, and has reached top ten positions in the Netherlands, Italy and Switzerland. In the United States, it has reached number 69 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, number 12 on the Rock Songs chart, and number 18 on the Alternative Songs chart. "Atlas" was also reported to have reached number one positions on iTunes Store charts in 43 countries upon its release. As of August 2014, "Atlas" has sold 246,000 downloads in the US. ## Music video A lyric video, reflecting the art style associated with The Hunger Games, premiered on music video website Vevo on the day of the single's release. It was directed by Mario Hugo and featured illustration by Micah Lidberg. The video "follows a shooting star coursing through the universe while tracing various constellations in the zodiac to the point of supernova." Ray Rahman of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "Three things the internet is definitely not tired of yet – Coldplay, The Hunger Games, and high-production lyric videos – have all converged in the form of "Atlas." (...) The just-released visual is an intense affair set on an astral plane, full of all sorts of Olympian imagery designed to get you excited for Katniss' return to the big screen this November." ## Track listing | No. | Title | Length | | --- | ------- | ------ | | 1. | "Atlas" | 3:56 | ## Personnel Adapted from liner notes of the "Atlas" single. | Coldplay - Guy Berryman – bass guitar - Jonny Buckland – electric guitar - Will Champion – drums, backing vocals - Chris Martin – lead vocals, piano, keyboard | Additional personnel - Daniel Green – production - Rik Simpson – production | ## Charts | Chart (2013) | Peak position | | ------------------------------------------- | ------------- | | Australia (ARIA) | 30 | | Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 31 | | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 17 | | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 20 | | Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 33 | | Czech Republic (Rádio – Top 100) | 80 | | Denmark (Tracklisten) | 20 | | France (SNEP) | 31 | | Germany (GfK) | 19 | | Iceland (RÚV) | 18 | | Ireland (IRMA) | 12 | | Italy (FIMI) | 9 | | Italy Airplay (EarOne) | 25 | | Mexico Ingles Airplay (Billboard) | 41 | | Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 17 | | Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 3 | | New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 20 | | Scotland (OCC) | 13 | | Slovenia (SloTop50) | 44 | | Spain (PROMUSICAE) | 18 | | Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 10 | | UK Singles (OCC) | 12 | | US Billboard Hot 100 | 69 | | US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 12 | | US Adult Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 8 | | US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 18 | | US Rock & Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 26 | | Chart (2013) | Position | | ----------------------------- | -------- | | Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 104 | | Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 94 | | US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard) | 83 | ## Release history | Region | Date | Format | Label | | -------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------- | --------------- | | Italy | 6 September 2013 | Contemporary hit radio | Universal Music | | United States | 6 September 2013 | Digital download | Parlophone | | United Kingdom | 8 September 2013 | Digital download | Parlophone | | United States | 9 September 2013 | Adult album alternative radio | Republic | | United States | 10 September 2013 | Modern rock radio | Republic | | United States | 14 October 2013 | Hot adult contemporary radio | Republic | | United States | 15 October 2013 | Contemporary hit radio | Republic |

enwiki/40203209

enwiki

40,203,209

Atlas (Coldplay song)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(Coldplay_song)

2025-05-16T22:31:03Z

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Q14846927

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{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox song | name = Atlas | cover = Atlas cover.png | alt = | type = single | artist = [[Coldplay]] | album = [[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]] | released = {{start date|2013|9|6|df=yes}} | recorded = April–July 2013<ref name="LA Times">{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-listen-to-coldplays-new-hunger-games-single-atlas-20130906,0,7689153.story |title=Listen to 'Atlas,' Coldplay's single for the new 'Hunger Games' film |first= Mikael |last=Wood |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=11 September 2013 }}</ref> | studio = | venue = | genre = [[Alternative rock]] | length = {{Duration|m=3|s=56}} | label = * [[Parlophone]] * [[Republic Records|Republic]] | writer = {{Flatlist| * [[Guy Berryman]] * [[Jonny Buckland]] * [[Will Champion]] * [[Chris Martin]] }} | producer = {{Flatlist| * Coldplay * Daniel Green * [[Rik Simpson]] }} | chronology = [[Coldplay]] | prev_title = [[Hurts Like Heaven]] | prev_year = 2012 | next_title = [[Magic (Coldplay song)|Magic]] | next_year = 2014 | misc = {{Extra chronology | artist = ''[[The Hunger Games (film series)|The Hunger Games]]'' | type = singles | prev_title = [[Eyes Open (song)|Eyes Open]] | prev_year = 2012 | title = Atlas | year = 2013 | next_title = [[Elastic Heart]] | next_year = 2013 }} {{External music video|{{YouTube|Lh3TokLzzmw|"Atlas"}}|header=Lyric video}} }} "'''Atlas'''" is a song by British [[Rock music|rock]] band [[Coldplay]] for ''[[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]]'', the soundtrack to the 2013 American [[science-fiction]] [[adventure film]] ''[[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire]]''.<ref name="Billboard"/> It was released digitally as the [[lead single]] from the soundtrack on 6 September 2013 worldwide, and on 8 September in the United Kingdom. The song was accompanied by a [[lyric video]], which also premiered on 6 September. "Atlas" has charted in 16 countries and reached top ten positions in three of them, and has also received mostly positive reviews from music critics. The ballad, winning the Hollywood Song Award at the [[17th Hollywood Film Awards]],<ref name="hollywood"/> was nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media]] and a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song]].<ref name="grammy"/> ==Background and recording== "Atlas" was Coldplay's first new track in almost two years, as the band's fifth studio album ''[[Mylo Xyloto]]'' had been released in October 2011. The song was written in early 2013, at the beginning of the recording sessions for the band's sixth studio album ''[[Ghost Stories (Coldplay album)|Ghost Stories]]'', and recorded between April and July at The Beehive, one of the band's two studios in [[London]]. The sound of "Atlas" was influential in shaping that of ''Ghost Stories'' and Coldplay had originally considered including the track on the album, but it was ultimately left out of the tracklist.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timeline.coldplay.com/article/141053/|title=Atlas|website=Coldplay Timeline|date=6 September 2013|accessdate=31 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="GS">{{cite AV media |people=Coldplay |date=19 May 2014 |title=Making of ''Ghost Stories'' |medium=TV show|publisher=[[Sky Arts]] |quote=''Ghost Stories'' (provisional track listing): [...] 4. "Atlas" [...]}}</ref> "Atlas" is not the first musical piece Coldplay have written for a film,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfvZaTfY4PI|title=Viva la Vida track by track interview|date=19 June 2008 |publisher=[[EMI]]|accessdate=31 August 2021|quote="The Escapist" was written for a film. [...] This film company aproached us [and] wanted to use a new song for a film called ''[[The Escapist (2008 film)|The Escapist]]'' [and the song] features right at the very end of it.}}</ref>  but it's the first one the band has released exclusively as part of a soundtrack, without re-using it for any of their following studio recordings.<ref name="NME">{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/news/coldplay/72510 |title=Coldplay reveal new song 'Atlas', taken from 'The Hunger Games' soundtrack - listen |work=[[NME]]|date=6 September 2013|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> The song "We're a Team" from the [[The Hunger Games: Catching Fire#Score|same movie score]] is also co-written by Coldplay, and features elements of "Atlas".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coldplaying.com/coldplay-co-wrote-were-a-team-with-james-newton-howard-for-catching-fire-according-to-ascap/|title=Coldplay written "Atlas" and "We're a Team" for The Hunger Games|access-date=12 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119012356/https://coldplaying.com/coldplay-co-wrote-were-a-team-with-james-newton-howard-for-catching-fire-according-to-ascap/|archive-date=19 November 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> "I have great respect and admiration for Coldplay, and we are thrilled with how well they have connected to the themes and ideas within the film. Their unwavering passion and excitement for the project elevated the collaboration even further, and we can't wait to share this music with audiences around the world," said the film's director [[Francis Lawrence]].<ref name="NME"/> "We are so honored that Coldplay, one of the iconic rock bands of our generation, will perform the first song out on the new soundtrack. Knowing that Chris Martin is a fan of the books makes this even more meaningful. The Coldplay single underscores the stature of recording artists we've assembled for this powerful soundtrack," added Tracy McKnight, [[Lions Gate Entertainment|Lionsgate]]'s Head of Film Music.<ref name="LA Times August">{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/music/la-et-ms-coldplay-atlas-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack-20130809,0,2542760.story |title=Coldplay's 'Atlas' is first single from 'Hunger Games' soundtrack |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=9 August 2013 |access-date=11 September 2013}}</ref> ==Composition== {{Listen | filename = Coldplay - "Atlas" (Audio sample).ogg | title = "Atlas" | description = "Atlas" carries a similar production style to the band's fifth studio album, ''[[Mylo Xyloto]]''. | pos = left }} The song was written by all band members and produced by [[Rik Simpson]] (with whom the band has previously worked on ''[[Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends]]'' and ''Mylo Xyloto''), Daniel Green (''Mylo Xyloto'') and Coldplay themselves.<ref name="Billboard"/> The song is a down-tempo ballad, featuring a delicate piano refrain with a "moody, haunting melody", and showcasing Martin's lower-register vocals.<ref name="Radio Creme Brulee">{{cite web|url=http://www.radiocremebrulee.com/reviews/coldplay-unveils-their-new-single-atlas |title=Coldplay unveils their new single "Atlas" |publisher=Radio Creme Brulee |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> According to some reviewers, it sounds "less like more recent Coldplay tracks and more like a throwback to their sound on ''[[A Rush of Blood to the Head]]'',"<ref name="VH1">{{cite web|url=http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2013-09-06/coldplay-catching-fire-atlas/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911141649/http://www.vh1.com/music/tuner/2013-09-06/coldplay-catching-fire-atlas |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 September 2013 |title=Does Coldplay's New Catching Fire Single "Atlas" Sound Like Their Old Stuff? |publisher=[[VH1]] |first=Meghan |last=O'Keefe |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> and "like a tossed-off remnant from the outfit's early days, before it began experimenting with deep rhythms and vivid textures."<ref name="LA Times"/> The piano builds to a bolder,<ref name="VH1"/> "anthemic-quality" chorus with richly layered production,<ref name="Radio Creme Brulee"/> reminiscent of the band's fifth studio album, ''Mylo Xyloto''. ''Catching Fire'''s major themes informed the song lyrics, with multiple references to recurring elements of the story as well as to mythology and spirituality. According to ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine, "the lyrics abstractly touch upon main characters [[Katniss Everdeen|Katniss]] and [[Peeta Mellark|Peeta]]'s mutual reliance."<ref name="Billboard">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5687178/coldplay-heads-to-hunger-games-on-atlas-single-listen |title=Coldplay Heads To 'Hunger Games' on 'Atlas' Single: Listen|date=6 September 2013|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> ==Critical reception== Upon release, "Atlas" received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Michael Nelson of ''[[Stereogum]]'' called the track "a swooning, appropriately cinematic ballad".<ref name="Stereogum">{{cite web|url=http://www.stereogum.com/1461382/coldplay-atlas/mp3s/ |title=Coldplay – "Atlas" |first=Michael |last=Nelson |publisher=[[Stereogum]] |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> Erin Coulehan of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' wrote, "The dreamy tune features a classic Coldplay presentation, with twinkling piano that builds as Chris Martin croons 'I'll carry your world'".<ref name="Rolling Stone">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/coldplay-return-with-atlas-20130906 |title=Coldplay Return With 'Atlas' |first=Erin |last=Coulehan |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=7 September 2013 |archive-date=8 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908101107/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/coldplay-return-with-atlas-20130906 |url-status=dead }}</ref> "The dreamy, piano-driven track was clearly written specifically for 'Catching Fire,’ with lyrics like "some bend the bow" — about bow-and-arrow-wielding heroine Katniss, presumably – and "caught in the fire" (pretty self-explanatory)," wrote Karen Lanza of PopCrush.<ref name="popcrush">{{cite web|url=http://popcrush.com/coldplay-atlas-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack/|title=Listen to Coldplay, 'Atlas' From 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire'|first=Karen|last=Lanza|publisher=PopCrush|date=7 September 2013|access-date=8 September 2013}}</ref> Upon release of the soundtrack album, [[Consequence of Sound]]'s Rob Hakimian called the song "spirited",<ref name="CoS">{{cite web |last=Hakimiar |first=Rob |date=19 November 2013 |title=Album Review: Various Artists – The Hunger Games: Catching Fire Soundtrack |url=https://consequence.net/2013/11/album-review-various-artists-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack/ |publisher=[[Consequence of Sound]]}}</ref> and [[AllMusic]]'s Heather Phares described it as "typically sweeping and earnest".<ref name="AllMusic rev">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-hunger-games-catching-fire-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0002585397 |title=The Hunger Games: Catching Fire [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Various Artists |first=Heather |last=Phares |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> Randall Roberts of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote, "Coldplay is here too, but in a battle with [[Lorde]]'s haunting version of [[Tears for Fears]]' "[[Everybody Wants to Rule the World]]", Lorde would forever reign supreme".<ref name="LA Times2">{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-hunger-games-album-20131119,0,4541490.story |title=Review: 'Hunger Games' is perfect pop for the PG-13 set |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |first=Randall |last=Roberts |date=19 November 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> [[Slant Magazine]]'s Blue Sullivan commented that "'Atlas' is autopilot Coldplay dipping into its back catalogue for a paycheck, but at least it approximates a pulse. Though the band may have zero insider-cred, 'Atlas' proves that '[[Clocks (song)|Clocks]]' played at three-quarter speed with most of the chorus scooped out still runs rings around most of the current zeitgeist".<ref name="Slant mag">{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/original-soundtrack-the-hunger-games-catching-fire |title=Original Soundtrack The Hunger Games: Catching Fire |first=Blue |last=Sullivan |publisher=[[Slant Magazine]] |date=24 November 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref> ''[[3voor12]]'' listed the song among the best of the year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2013 |title=Daft Punk – Get Lucky Is de Song Van Het Jaar 2013 |trans-title=Daft Punk – Get Lucky Is the Song of the Year 2013 |url=https://3voor12.vpro.nl/artikelen/overzicht/2013/song-van-het-jaar/Uitslag-Song-Van-Het-Jaar-2013.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240109024342/https://3voor12.vpro.nl/artikelen/overzicht/2013/song-van-het-jaar/Uitslag-Song-Van-Het-Jaar-2013.html |archive-date=9 January 2024 |access-date=9 January 2024 |website=3voor12 |language=nl}}</ref> ===Awards and accolades=== On 15 October 2013, it was announced that "Atlas" would receive the Hollywood Song Award at the [[17th Hollywood Film Awards]]. The song was also performed at the gala ceremony, which took place on 21 October 2013 at the [[Beverly Hilton]] hotel. Carlos de Abreau, the Hollywood Film Awards founder and executive director, told ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'', "The Hollywood Film Awards is thrilled to present the Hollywood Song Award to a band as globally respected and prolific as Coldplay. They continue to build their legacy and, with 'Atlas' marking the first time they have recorded for a motion picture, we cannot think of an artist better deserving of this honor."<ref name="hollywood">{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/coldplay-receive-honor-hunger-games-648361 |title=Coldplay to Receive Honor for 'Hunger Games' Song at Hollywood Film Awards (Exclusive) |first=Scott |last=Feinberg |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=15 October 2013 |access-date=15 October 2013}}</ref> On 7 December 2013, "Atlas" received a [[Grammy Award]] nomination in the [[Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media|Best Song Written for Visual Media]] category.<ref name="grammy">{{cite web|url=http://www.grammy.com/nominees?genre=11 |title=56th Annual GRAMMY Awards Nominees |publisher=[[Grammy Award]]s |access-date=7 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="Coldplay.com">{{cite web |url=http://coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1352 |title=Atlas nominated for Grammy Award! |publisher=Coldplay.com |date=7 December 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212020130/http://coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1352 |archive-date=12 December 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 12 December 2013, it was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song]]. ==Commercial performance== "Atlas" has achieved moderate chart success, having charted in 16 countries. The song debuted at number twelve in the United Kingdom with sales of 19,546,<ref name="MusicWeek">{{cite web |url=http://www.musicweek.com/businessanalysis/read/official-charts-analysis-arctic-monkeys-am-doubles-predecessor-s-week-one-sales/056069 |title=Official Charts Analysis: Arctic Monkeys' AM doubles predecessor's week-one sales |first=Alan |last=Jones |work=[[Music Week]] |date=16 September 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205823/http://www.musicweek.com/businessanalysis/read/official-charts-analysis-arctic-monkeys-am-doubles-predecessor-s-week-one-sales/056069 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and has reached top ten positions in the Netherlands,<ref name="NLDchart"/> Italy<ref name="ITAchart"/> and Switzerland.<ref name="SWIchart"/> In the United States, it has reached number 69 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart,<ref name="USchart"/> number 12 on the [[Rock Songs]] chart,<ref name="USrock"/> and number 18 on the [[Alternative Songs]] chart.<ref name="USalt"/> "Atlas" was also reported to have reached number one positions on [[iTunes Store]] charts in 43 countries upon its release.<ref name="Rolling Stone award">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/coldplay-to-be-honored-for-hunger-games-song-20131015 |title=Coldplay to Be Honored for 'Hunger Games' Song |first=Kory |last=Grow |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=15 October 2013 |access-date=8 December 2013 |archive-date=6 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506225248/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/coldplay-to-be-honored-for-hunger-games-song-20131015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of August 2014, "Atlas" has sold 246,000 downloads in the US.<ref name="SALESPLAY">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/6214212/lorde-hunger-games-mockingjay-soundtrack-curate |title=The Inside Story of How Lorde Came to Rule 'The Hunger Games' |first=Phil |last=Gallo |date=8 August 2014 |magazine=Billboard}}</ref> ==Music video== [[File:Coldplay - "Atlas" (Lyric Video).jpg|thumb|250px|right|The lyric video makes numerous allusions to space phenomena, such as [[star trail]]s (pictured) and mythological [[constellation]]s.]] A [[lyric video]], reflecting the art style associated with ''[[The Hunger Games]]'', premiered on [[music video]] website [[Vevo]] on the day of the single's release.<ref name="YouTube">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lh3TokLzzmw |title=Coldplay - Atlas (Hunger Games: Catching Fire)(Lyric) |date=6 September 2013 |publisher=[[YouTube]] |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> It was directed by Mario Hugo and featured illustration by Micah Lidberg.<ref name="YouTube"/><ref name="Mario Hugo">{{cite web |url=http://www.mariohugo.com/work/atlas-from-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack- |title=Coldplay - Atlas |publisher=MarioHugo.com |access-date=6 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506210748/http://www.mariohugo.com/work/atlas-from-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-soundtrack- |archive-date=6 May 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The video "follows a shooting star coursing through the universe while tracing various constellations in the zodiac to the point of supernova."<ref name="Rolling Stone"/> Ray Rahman of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' wrote, "Three things the internet is definitely not tired of yet – Coldplay, ''The Hunger Games'', and high-production lyric videos – have all converged in the form of "Atlas." (...) The just-released visual is an intense affair set on an astral plane, full of all sorts of Olympian imagery designed to get you excited for Katniss' return to the big screen this November."<ref name="EW">{{cite magazine|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2013/09/06/coldplay-atlas-video/ |title=Coldplay debut 'Hunger Games' song 'Atlas' via elaborate lyric video: Watch it here |first=Ray |last=Rahman|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> ==Track listing== {{tracklist | headline = Digital download | title1 = Atlas | length1 = 3:56 }} ==Personnel== Adapted from liner notes of the "Atlas" single.<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title="Atlas" |others=[[Coldplay]] |date=2013 |type=liner notes |publisher=[[Parlophone]]}}</ref> {{col-start}} {{col-2}} ;Coldplay * [[Guy Berryman]] – [[bass guitar]] * [[Jonny Buckland]] – [[electric guitar]] * [[Will Champion]] – [[drum kit|drums]], [[backing vocals]] * [[Chris Martin]] – [[lead vocals]], [[piano]], [[keyboard instrument|keyboard]] {{col-2}} ;Additional personnel * Daniel Green – production * [[Rik Simpson]] – production {{col-end}} ==Charts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Weekly charts=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align: center;" |+Weekly chart performance for "Atlas" ! Chart (2013) ! Peak position |- {{singlechart|Australia|30|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=19 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Austria|31|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Flanders|17|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=23 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Wallonia|20|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=13 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Canada|33|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|artistid=401639|refname=CAN|rowheader=true|access-date=12 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Czech Republic|80|year=2013|week=39|rowheader=true|access-date=4 October 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Denmark|20|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=13 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|France|31|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=17 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Germany|19|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|songid=1189658|rowheader=true|access-date=13 February 2019}} |- !scope="row"|Iceland ([[RÚV]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ruv.is/persona/coldplay|publisher=[[RÚV]]|title= Coldplay Chart History|date=7 March 2016 |access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref> |18 |- {{Singlechart|Ireland|12|artist=Coldplay|year=2013|week=37|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013}} |- !scope="row"|Italy ([[Federation of the Italian Music Industry|FIMI]])<ref name="ITAchart">{{cite web |url=http://www.fimi.it/main/chart_id/1646 |publisher=[[Federation of the Italian Music Industry]] |title=Top Digital Download - Classifica settimanale WK 36 (dal 02-09-2013 al 08-09-2013) |language=it |access-date=19 September 2013 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307012334/http://fimi.it/main/chart_id/1646 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |9 |- ! scope="row"| Italy Airplay (EarOne)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earone.com/charts/earone-airplay-radio/2013/38|title=Earone Airplay - Settimana #38 dal 13/09/2013 al 19/09/2013|date=14 June 2013 |language=it|publisher=Earone}}</ref> | 25 |- ! scope="row"| [[Mexico Ingles Airplay]] (''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'')<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/coldplay/chart-history/min/ |title=Coldplay Chart History (Mexico Ingles Airplay) |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=24 May 2021}}</ref> | 41 |- {{singlechart|Dutch40|17|year=2013|week=38|rowheader=true|access-date=21 December 2019}} |- {{singlechart|Dutch100|3|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=13 September 2013|refname=NLDchart}} |- {{singlechart|New Zealand|20|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Scotland|13|date=2013-09-21|rowheader=true|access-date=15 September 2013}} |- ! scope="row"| Slovenia ([[SloTop50]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slotop50.si/Glasbene-lestvice/Tedenske-lestvice/?year=2013&week=37|title=SloTop50: Slovenian official singles weekly chart|publisher=[[SloTop50]]|language=sl|access-date=15 September 2013|archive-date=6 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106063918/http://www.slotop50.si/Glasbene-lestvice/Tedenske-lestvice/?year=2013&week=37|url-status=dead}}</ref> | align=center|44 |- {{singlechart|Spain|18|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=11 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Switzerland|10|artist=Coldplay|song=Atlas|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013|refname=SWIchart}} |- {{singlechart|UK|12|date=2013-09-21|rowheader=true|access-date=15 September 2013}} |- {{singlechart|Billboardhot100|69|artist=Coldplay|artistid={{BillboardID|Coldplay}}|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013|refname=USchart}} |- {{singlechart|Billboardrocksongs|12|artist=Coldplay|artistid={{BillboardID|Coldplay}}|rowheader=true|access-date=12 September 2013|refname=USrock}} |- {{singlechart|Billboardadultalternativesongs|8|artist=Coldplay|rowheader=true|access-date=4 June 2014}} |- {{singlechart|Billboardalternativesongs|18|artist=Coldplay|artistid={{BillboardID|Coldplay}}|rowheader=true|access-date=8 December 2013|refname=USalt}} |- {{singlechart|Billboardrockairplay|26|artist=Coldplay|rowheader=true|access-date=4 June 2014}} |- |} {{col-2}} ===Year-end charts=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" |+Year-end chart performance for "Atlas" ! Chart (2013) ! Position |- ! scope="row"|Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.top40web.nl/jaarlijsten/jr2013.html|title=Jaarlijsten 2013|language=nl|publisher=[[Dutch Top 40]]|access-date=11 May 2022}}</ref> | style="text-align:center"|104 |- ! scope="row"| Netherlands (Single Top 100)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=2013&cat=s|title=Jaaroverzichten – Single 2013|publisher=MegaCharts|language=nl|access-date=21 December 2019}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"| 94 |- ! scope="row"| US Hot Rock Songs (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2013/hot-rock-songs |title=Hot Rock Songs: Year End 2013 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=21 December 2014}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"| 83 |- |} {{col-end}} ==Release history== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+Release dates for "Atlas" ! scope="col"| Region ! scope="col"| Date ! scope="col"| Format ! scope="col"| Label |- ! scope="row"| Italy<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/41175/COLDPLAY-Atlas-Universal |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140726042526/http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/41175/COLDPLAY-Atlas-Universal |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 July 2014 |title=Coldplay – Atlas (Universal) |publisher=Radio Airplay SRL |access-date=21 July 2014 |author=Mompellio, Gabriel |language=it }}</ref> | rowspan="2"| 6 September 2013 | [[Contemporary hit radio]] | [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music]] |- ! scope="row"| United States<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/release/atlas-mr0004023128 |title=Atlas – Coldplay |work=[[AllMusic]] |publisher=[[Rovi Corporation]] |access-date=21 July 2014}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| [[Music download|Digital download]] | rowspan="2"| [[Parlophone]] |- ! scope="row"| United Kingdom<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.coldplay.com/newsdetail.php?id=1313 |title=Pre-order Atlas from UK iTunes |publisher=[[Coldplay]] |date=30 August 2013 |access-date=21 July 2014 |author=Anchorman}}</ref> | 8 September 2013 |- ! scope="row" rowspan="4"| United States<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/triple-a/future-releases |title=Triple A > Future Releases |publisher=All Access Music Group |access-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821042353/http://www.allaccess.com/triple-a/future-releases |archive-date=21 August 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/alternative/future-releases |title=Alternative > Future Releases |publisher=All Access Music Group |access-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628222743/http://www.allaccess.com/alternative/future-releases |archive-date=28 June 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases |title=Hot/Modern/AC Future Releases |publisher=All Access Music Group |access-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926131837/http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases |archive-date=26 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases |title=Top 40/M Future Releases |publisher=All Access Music Group |access-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921075435/http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases |archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> | 9 September 2013 | [[Adult album alternative]] radio | rowspan="4"| [[Republic Records|Republic]] |- | 10 September 2013 | [[Modern rock]] radio |- | 14 October 2013 | [[Adult contemporary music#Hot adult contemporary|Hot adult contemporary]] radio |- | 15 October 2013 | Contemporary hit radio |} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Coldplay songs}} {{Hunger Games}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:2010s ballads]] [[Category:2013 singles]] [[Category:2013 songs]] [[Category:Coldplay songs]] [[Category:Parlophone singles]] [[Category:Rock ballads]] [[Category:Song recordings produced by Rik Simpson]] [[Category:The Hunger Games music]] [[Category:Songs written by Guy Berryman]] [[Category:Songs written by Jonny Buckland]] [[Category:Songs written by Will Champion]] [[Category:Songs written by Chris Martin]]

1,290,765,725

[{"title": "from the album The Hunger Games: Catching Fire \u2013 Original Motion Picture Soundtrack", "data": {"Released": "6 September 2013", "Recorded": "April\u2013July 2013", "Genre": "Alternative rock", "Length": "3:56", "Label": "Parlophone Republic", "Songwriter(s)": "Guy Berryman Jonny Buckland Will Champion Chris Martin", "Producer(s)": "Coldplay Daniel Green Rik Simpson"}}, {"title": "Coldplay singles chronology", "data": {"\"Hurts Like Heaven\" \u00b7 (2012)": "\"Atlas\" \u00b7 (2013) \u00b7 \"Magic\" \u00b7 (2014)"}}, {"title": "The Hunger Games singles chronology", "data": {"\"Eyes Open\" \u00b7 (2012)": "\"Atlas\" \u00b7 (2013) \u00b7 \"Elastic Heart\" \u00b7 (2013)"}}, {"title": "Lyric video", "data": {"Lyric video": "\"Atlas\" on YouTube"}}, {"title": "Coldplay songs", "data": {"Parachutes": "\" Don't Panic \" \" Shiver \" \" Sparks \" \" Yellow \" \" Trouble \"", "A Rush of Blood to \u00b7 the Head": "\" In My Place \" \" God Put a Smile upon Your Face \" \" The Scientist \" \" Clocks \"", "Live 2003": "\" Moses \"", "X&Y": "\" Fix You \" \" Talk \" \" Speed of Sound \" \" The Hardest Part \"", "Viva la Vida or Death \u00b7 and All His Friends": "\" Lost! \" \" 42 \" \" Lovers in Japan \" \" Viva la Vida \" \" Violet Hill \" \" Strawberry Swing \" \" Death and All His Friends \"", "Prospekt's March": "\" Life in Technicolor II \" \" Prospekt's March/Poppyfields \"", "Mylo Xyloto": "\" Hurts Like Heaven \" \" Paradise \" \" Charlie Brown \" \" Every Teardrop Is a Waterfall \" \" Major Minus \" \" Princess of China \"", "Ghost Stories": "\" Magic \" \" Ink \" \" True Love \" \" Midnight \" \" Another's Arms \" \" A Sky Full of Stars \"", "A Head Full of Dreams": "\" A Head Full of Dreams \" \" Hymn for the Weekend \" \" Everglow \" \" Adventure of a Lifetime \" \" Fun \" \" Up&Up \"", "Kaleidoscope EP": "\" All I Can Think About Is You \" \" Miracles (Someone Special) \" \" Aliens \" \" Something Just Like This \" \" Hypnotised \"", "Everyday Life": "\" Daddy \" \" Arabesque \" \" Orphans \" \" Champion of the World \" \" Everyday Life \"", "Music of the Spheres": "\" Higher Power \" \" Let Somebody Go \" \" My Universe \" \" Coloratura \"", "Moon Music": "\" Feelslikeimfallinginlove \" \" We Pray \" \" All My Love \"", "Other songs": "\" Brothers & Sisters \" \" How You See the World No. 2 \" \" Gravity \" \" Christmas Lights \" \" Moving to Mars \" \" Atlas \" \" Miracles \" \" Ma Meilleure Ennemie \""}}]

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# Wielkopolska Chronicle The Wielkopolska Chronicle (or Chronicle of Greater Poland, Polish: Kronika wielkopolska) is an anonymous medieval chronicle describing supposed history of Poland from legendary times up to the year 1273. It was written in Latin at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. ## Origins and possible authorship The chronicle was written from the point of view of the region of Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). Its actual title is unknown. In one of the remaining copies it's written down as Chronicum Poloniae and in another Annalia vestuste gentic Polonorum vel Kronice. Some historians, such as Brygida Kürbis have argued that the first edition of the work was created between 1283 and 1296 and its author was the curator of the Poznań capitulary, Godzisław Baszko. A second edition was completed between 1377 and 1384, which is partly supported by inclusion of material supported by the Chronicle of Dzierzwa from the beginning of 14th century. Others, like Jan Dąbrowski, have posited that the entire chronicle was written by Jan of Czarnków in the second half of the 14th century. There are nine existing manuscripts, including a Great Chronicle copy which contains a collection of historical sources collected in Wielkopolska at the end of the 14th century. The purpose of the author was to record the history of the rulers of Poland. The chronicle covers mythical events from pre-history up to the year 1271/72, and in two additions the year 1273. As a source, stylistically the chronicle is composed of two parts. The first, going up to the year 1202 is based on the Chronica Polonorum of Wincenty Kadłubek. The second part, written more in the style of annals is based on yearly records of Capitularies of Gniezno and Poznań. Other sources used by the author most likely include the lost Annales Polonorum historiae, church archives, and Vita s. Stanislai, Vita maior (Life of Saint Stanisław) of Wincenty of Kielcza. The introduction to the work has survived in two editions of the manuscript. One of these was written in 1295/1296 (it mentions Przemysł II as the current ruler). The other, more extensive one, was most likely created in the 14th century. The chronicle was translated into Polish in 1965 by Kazimierz Abgarowicz. ## Purpose The chronicle can be seen as a gesta ducum, a composition whose purpose is to celebrate the deeds of princes and kings. The central figures of the work are the Piast rulers of Wielkoposka, Przemysł I and Przemysł II. Przemysł I is presented as an ideal of a ruler who combines knightly valor (engaging himself only in defensive wars) with religious values (Christian humility and devotion). Other ideal rulers presented in the chronicle include other Polish kings and dukes, including Bolesław II the Generous (before the murder of Saint Stanisław) and Bolesław III Wrymouth. ## Contents Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of Lech, Czech, and Rus, as well as a Polish version of the story of Waldere and Hildegyth (also Waltharius), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil.

enwiki/39770744

enwiki

39,770,744

Wielkopolska Chronicle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielkopolska_Chronicle

2025-02-11T15:12:57Z

en

Q3505954

41,745

{{short description|Polish anonymous medieval chronicle}} {{italic title}} [[File:Rękopis Sędziwoja z Czechla - karta 274.jpg|thumb|''Wielkopolska Chronicle'' in XV-century compilation ''[[Kodeks Sędziwoja]]'', page 274.]] [[File:Kr Wlp - ręk. Stanisława Augusta.jpg|thumb|Beginning in ''[[Chronica magna]]'' - copy from XV century.]] The '''''Wielkopolska Chronicle''''' (or ''Chronicle of Greater Poland'', {{langx|pl|Kronika wielkopolska}}) is an anonymous medieval [[chronicle]] describing supposed history of [[Poland]] from legendary times up to the year 1273. It was written in Latin at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. ==Origins and possible authorship== The chronicle was written from the point of view of the region of [[Wielkopolska]] (''Greater Poland''). Its actual title is unknown. In one of the remaining copies it's written down as ''Chronicum Poloniae'' and in another ''Annalia vestuste gentic Polonorum vel Kronice''.<ref name="slownik"/> Some historians, such as [[Brygida Kürbis]] have argued that the first edition of the work was created between 1283 and 1296 and its author was the curator of the [[Poznań]] [[Chapter (religion)|capitulary]], [[Godzisław Baszko]]. A second edition was completed between 1377 and 1384, which is partly supported by inclusion of material supported by the Chronicle of Dzierzwa from the beginning of 14th century. Others, like [[Jan Dąbrowski (historian)|Jan Dąbrowski]], have posited that the entire chronicle was written by [[Jan of Czarnków]] in the second half of the 14th century.<ref name="slownik">{{cite book | title=Słownik Literatury Staropolskiej. Średniowiecze - Renasans - Barok. | publisher=Zakład Narodowy Imienia Ossolińskich | editor=Michałowska, Teresa | year=1990 | pages=354 | isbn=8304022192}}</ref><ref name="milosz">{{cite book | title=The History of Polish Literature | publisher=University of California Press | author=Miłosz, Czesław | authorlink=Czesław Miłosz | year=1983 | pages=11 | isbn=9780520044777}}</ref> There are nine existing manuscripts, including a ''Great Chronicle'' copy which contains a collection of historical sources collected in Wielkopolska at the end of the 14th century. The purpose of the author was to record the history of the rulers of [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)|Poland]]. The chronicle covers mythical events from pre-history up to the year 1271/72, and in two additions the year 1273. As a source, stylistically the chronicle is composed of two parts. The first, going up to the year 1202 is based on the ''[[Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae|Chronica Polonorum]]'' of [[Wincenty Kadłubek]]. The second part, written more in the style of [[annals]] is based on yearly records of Capitularies of [[Gniezno]] and Poznań. Other sources used by the author most likely include the lost ''Annales Polonorum historiae'', church archives, and ''Vita s. Stanislai, Vita maior'' ([[Life of Saint Stanisław]]) of [[Wincenty of Kielcza]]. The introduction to the work has survived in two editions of the manuscript. One of these was written in 1295/1296 (it mentions [[Przemysł II]] as the current ruler). The other, more extensive one, was most likely created in the 14th century. The chronicle was translated into Polish in 1965 by [[Kazimierz Abgarowicz]].<ref name="qjsp">''Quarterly Journal of Scientific Publications'', 1965, Polska Akademia Nauk, Ossolineum, pg. 22, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NZLQAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Wielkopolska+Chronicle%22]</ref> ==Purpose== The chronicle can be seen as a ''[[gesta (genre)|gesta ducum]]'', a composition whose purpose is to celebrate the deeds of princes and kings. The central figures of the work are the [[Piast dynasty|Piast]] rulers of Wielkoposka, [[Przemysł I]] and [[Przemysł II]]. Przemysł I is presented as an ideal of a ruler who combines knightly valor (engaging himself only in defensive wars) with religious values (Christian humility and devotion). Other ideal rulers presented in the chronicle include other Polish kings and dukes, including [[Bolesław II the Generous]] (before the murder of [[Stanislaus of Szczepanów|Saint Stanisław]]) and [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]]. ==Contents== Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of [[Lech, Czech, and Rus]], as well as a Polish version of the story of [[Waldere|Waldere and Hildegyth]] (also [[Waltharius]]), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil. ==References== {{reflist}} == External links == *[[Henryk Łowmiański]]: [http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Przeglad_Historyczny/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2-s398-410/Przeglad_Historyczny-r1960-t51-n2-s398-410.pdf Kiedy powstała Kronika Wielkopolska? [When was written the Wielkopolska Chronicle?] ] *[http://polona.pl/item/3402934/4/ Cronica magna Lechitarum et Polonorum] *[http://polona.pl/item/522737/2/ Kronika Lechitów i Polaków] {{Polish Medieval chronicles}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:History of Greater Poland]] [[Category:Chronicles about Poland]] [[Category:History of Poland during the Piast dynasty]] [[Category:13th-century history books]] [[Category:13th-century books in Latin]] [[Category:Chronicles about Poland in Latin]] [[Category:Chronicles containing universal histories in Latin]]

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[]

false

# Lake Albanel Lake Albanel (French pronunciation: [albanɛl] ⓘ) is located east of Lake Mistassini and covers a total area of approximately 445 square kilometres (172 sq mi). It is located in the region of Jamésie. Quebec Route 167 ends beside this lake. It is entirely located in the protected area of Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi. ## Formation theory In 2016, it was reported that the arc shaped lake, together with nearby Lake Mistassini, may have been formed by a large meteor impact about 2.1 billion years ago. The rest of the 500 km diameter crater is thought to have now been mostly eroded away or buried but geological indications of a major impact have been found in the rocks around the lake. If confirmed this would be the largest impact crater found on the earth. ## Etymology Lake Albanel is named in honour of Charles Albanel who discovered it in 1671/1672. ## Geography The main hydrographic slopes near Lake Albanel are: - North side: Mistassini Lake, Chéno River, Pépeshquasati River, Neilson River (Pépeshquasati River), Wabissinane River; - East side: Témiscamie River, Chalifour River, Perdue River (Témiscamie River), Témiscamie Lake; - South side: Chalifour River, Nestaocano River; - West side: Mistassini Lake, Rupert River, Wabissinane River. ## Main islands - Dorval Island, - Pauli Island, - Rafinesque Island, - Isle of the Sarracénie, - Wahl Island, - Richardson Island, - Chicapio Island, - Jacques-Cornut Island, South-East Shore (from the North (no island) Central part of the lake - Islet of Algae, - Island Pallier, - Cedar Island, - Cooper Island, South part of the lake - Arnaud Island, - Île Nantais, - Michel-Laplante Island. ## Peninsulas, caps and bays (from the mouth of the lake) - Fletcher Tip, - Pointe Raphael, - Pointe de la Doradille, - Pointe des Génevriers, - Jeffrey Bay, - Myrica Point, - Curved Aspen Bay, - Anse La Galissonnière, South-East Shore (from North to South) - Lake of the Potamots - Canso Point, - Canso Bay, - Esker Point, - Lowther Bay, - Tip of the Outcrop, - Albanel peninsula - Pointe Rolland-Germain, - Chebamonkoue Peninsula, - Presqu'ile Michel-Laure, - Strait Opapushka, - Iron Point, - Black Sand Bay, Southwest shore of the lake (from South to North, to the mouth) - Pass Kaupach Kaachiitikwaatistanuch, - Bay of Burning Feet, - Mistassiniis Bay, - Bright Wood Point, - Pointe of Séneçons, - Spike of the Lying Spruce, - Pointe des Aulnaies, - Presqu'ile of the Limestone Table, - Pointe des Liards, - Strait Opapushka, - Changing Water Bay, - Saint-Ambroise peninsula, - Silvy Peninsula, - Mistassini Point. ## Access roads The eastern sector of Lac Mistassini (including the village of Mistissini (Cree village municipality) and the hamlet Rivière-Chalifour) is accessible from Chibougamau by route 167. This road goes north to the east shore of Albanel Lake. Some secondary forest roads connect to this main road.

enwiki/32287012

enwiki

32,287,012

Lake Albanel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Albanel

2025-07-06T21:56:53Z

en

Q1748877

62,963

{{Short description|Mountain in the country of Canada}} {{Infobox body of water | name = Lake Albanel | image = | caption = | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | pushpin_map = Quebec | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Quebec | location = [[Baie-James]], [[Quebec]] | coords = {{coord|51|05|N|73|05|W|region:CA-QC_type:waterbody_source:GNS_scale:500000|display=inline,title}} | lake_type = Natural | inflow = | outflow = [[Rupert River]] | catchment = | basin_countries = Canada | length = | width = | area = {{convert|445|km2|abbr=on}} | depth = | max-depth = | volume = | residence_time = | shore = | elevation = {{convert|389|m|ft|abbr=on}} | islands = | cities = }} '''Lake Albanel''' ({{IPA|fr|albanɛl|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-Albanel.wav}}) is located east of [[Lake Mistassini]] and covers a total area of approximately {{convert|445|sqkm|sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite book|last=Veyron|first=Michel|title=Dictionnaire canadien des noms propres|year=1989|publisher=Éditions Larousse|location=Louiseville (Quebec)|isbn=2-920318-06-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionnairecana0000veyr/page/764 764]|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionnairecana0000veyr/page/764}}</ref> It is located in the region of [[Jamésie, Quebec|Jamésie]]. [[Quebec Route 167]] ends beside this lake. It is entirely located in the protected area of Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi. ==Formation theory== [[File:Lac Mistassini.JPG|thumb|150px|right|Map of Lake Albanel with larger Lake Mistassini to the west]]In 2016, it was reported that the arc shaped lake, together with nearby [[Lake Mistassini]], may have been formed by a large meteor impact about 2.1 billion years ago. The rest of the 500 km diameter crater is thought to have now been mostly eroded away or buried but geological indications of a major impact have been found in the rocks around the lake. If confirmed this would be the largest impact crater found on the earth.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/crater-chibougamau-mistassini-francine-robert-groupe-omegalpha-1.3765780 |title=Is the world's biggest crater in Quebec? |publisher=CBC News |accessdate=2016-09-17}}</ref> == Etymology == Lake Albanel is named in honour of [[Charles Albanel]] who discovered it in 1671/1672.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Friedrich |first1=Markus |title=The Jesuits: A History |date=March 2022 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-18012-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p9Y7EAAAQBAJ |language=en |page=465}}</ref> == Geography == The main hydrographic slopes near Lake Albanel are: * North side: [[Mistassini Lake]], [[Chéno River]], [[Pépeshquasati River]], [[Neilson River (Pépeshquasati River)]], [[Wabissinane River]]; * East side: [[Témiscamie River]], [[Chalifour River]], [[Perdue River (Témiscamie River)]], [[Témiscamie Lake]]; * South side: [[Chalifour River]], [[Nestaocano River]]; * West side: [[Mistassini Lake]], [[Rupert River]], [[Wabissinane River]]. == Main islands == {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| '''Northwestern Shore''' (from the mouth of the lake) * Dorval Island, * Pauli Island, * Rafinesque Island, * Isle of the Sarracénie, * Wahl Island, * Richardson Island, * Chicapio Island, * Jacques-Cornut Island, '''South-East Shore''' (from the North (no island) '''Central part of the lake''' * Islet of Algae, * Island Pallier, * Cedar Island, * Cooper Island, '''South part of the lake''' * Arnaud Island, * Île Nantais, * Michel-Laplante Island. }} == Peninsulas, caps and bays == {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| '''North-West shore''' (from the mouth of the lake) * Fletcher Tip, * Pointe Raphael, * Pointe de la Doradille, * Pointe des Génevriers, * Jeffrey Bay, * Myrica Point, * Curved Aspen Bay, * Anse La Galissonnière, '''South-East Shore''' (from North to South) * Lake of the Potamots * Canso Point, * Canso Bay, * Esker Point, * Lowther Bay, * Tip of the Outcrop, * Albanel peninsula * Pointe Rolland-Germain, * Chebamonkoue Peninsula, * Presqu'ile Michel-Laure, * Strait Opapushka, * Iron Point, * Black Sand Bay, '''Southwest shore of the lake''' (from South to North, to the mouth) * Pass Kaupach Kaachiitikwaatistanuch, * Bay of Burning Feet, * Mistassiniis Bay, * Bright Wood Point, * Pointe of Séneçons, * Spike of the Lying Spruce, * Pointe des Aulnaies, * Presqu'ile of the Limestone Table, * Pointe des Liards, * Strait Opapushka, * Changing Water Bay, * Saint-Ambroise peninsula, * Silvy Peninsula, * Mistassini Point. }} == Access roads == The eastern sector of [[Lac Mistassini]] (including the village of [[Mistissini (Cree village municipality)]] and the hamlet Rivière-Chalifour) is accessible from [[Chibougamau]] by [[Quebec route 167|route 167]]. This road goes north to the east shore of Albanel Lake. Some secondary forest roads connect to this main road. == See also == {{Portal|Canada|Water}} *[[List of lakes of Quebec]] *[[List of protected areas of Quebec]] *[[Albanel, Quebec]] == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110907081932/http://www.sepaq.com/rf/amw/portrait.dot Portrait de la réserve faunique des Lacs-Albanel-Mistassini-et-Waconichi] {{Canada topic|List of lakes of}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Albanel, lake}} [[Category:Lakes of Nord-du-Québec]] {{Quebec-geo-stub}} {{Canada-lake-stub}}

1,299,162,734

[{"title": "Lake Albanel", "data": {"Location": "Baie-James, Quebec", "Coordinates": "51\u00b005\u2032N 73\u00b005\u2032W\ufeff / \ufeff51.083\u00b0N 73.083\u00b0W", "Lake type": "Natural", "Primary outflows": "Rupert River", "Basin countries": "Canada"}}]

false

# Peter Bennett (soccer) Peter Bennett (born 29 October 1969) is an Australian retired soccer player who is last known to have played for Penrith City SC in his home country. ## Singapore While featuring for Geylang United of the Singaporean S.League in 2003, Bennett was the victim of an attack by Singaporean footballer Shariff Abdul Samat in a league match, leaving him with a broken nose and getting Shariff banned for nine months. The Australian defender then made a complaint to the local authorities, resulting in the S.League's Disciplinary Committee convoking to formally decide the case.

enwiki/56326464

enwiki

56,326,464

Peter Bennett (soccer)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Bennett_(soccer)

2025-05-02T04:39:54Z

en

Q48733665

32,348

{{short description|Australian Football/Soccer player}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}} {{Use Australian English|date=April 2018}} {{Infobox football biography |name= Peter Bennett |birth_date= {{birth date and age|df=yes|1969|10|29}} |birth_place= |position= [[Defender (association football)|Defender]] |youthclubs1= [[Blacktown City FC]] |years1= –1989/90 |clubs1= [[Blacktown City FC]] |years2= 1991–1993 |clubs2= [[APIA Leichhardt Tigers FC]] |caps2= 20 |goals2= 1 |years3= 1997 |clubs3= [[Penrith City SC]] |years4= 1997–1999 |clubs4= [[Sydney United 58 FC]] |caps4= 55 |goals4= 2 |years5= 1999–2002 |clubs5= [[Parramatta Power SC]] |caps5= 63 |goals5= 4 |years6= 2002–2003 |clubs6= [[Penrith City SC]] |caps6= 3 |goals6= 0 |years7= 2003 |clubs7= [[Geylang United]] |clubs8= [[Penrith City SC]] |caps8= 16 |goals8= 2 }} '''Peter Bennett''' (born 29 October 1969) is an Australian retired soccer player who is last known to have played for [[Penrith City SC]] in his home country. ==Singapore== While featuring for [[Geylang United]] of the Singaporean [[S.League]] in 2003, Bennett was the victim of an attack by Singaporean footballer [[Shariff Abdul Samat]] in a league match, leaving him with a broken nose and getting Shariff banned for nine months.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2003/10/22/singapore-player-gets-ninemonth-ban-for-hitting-rival/|title=Other Sports: Singapore player gets nine-month ban for hitting rival|website=www.thestar.com.my|date=22 October 2003 }}</ref> The Australian defender then made a complaint to the local authorities, resulting in the S.League's Disciplinary Committee convoking to formally decide the case.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Page/today20030924-1.1.40?ST=1&AT=search&k=Peter+Bennett+Geylang+United|title=Search for 'Peter Bennett Geylang United' |work=Today |date= 24 September 2003|page=40|via=National Library Board}}</ref> == References ==  {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/Players/B/BEL.html at OzFootball] {{DEFAULTSORT:Bennett, Peter}} [[Category:Australian expatriate men's soccer players]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:Geylang International FC players]] [[Category:Penrith City SC players]] [[Category:Parramatta Power SC players]] [[Category:APIA Leichhardt FC players]] [[Category:Australian men's soccer players]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:1969 births]] [[Category:Australian expatriate sportspeople in Singapore]] [[Category:Blacktown City FC players]] [[Category:Sydney United 58 FC players]] [[Category:Singapore Premier League players]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Singapore]] [[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]] [[Category:20th-century Australian sportsmen]] {{Australia-footy-defender-stub}}

1,288,366,408

[{"title": "Peter Bennett", "data": {"Date of birth": "29 October 1969", "Position(s)": "Defender"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "\u20131989/90": "Blacktown City FC", "1991\u20131993": "APIA Leichhardt Tigers FC \u00b7 20 \u00b7 (1)", "1997": "Penrith City SC", "1997\u20131999": "Sydney United 58 FC \u00b7 55 \u00b7 (2)", "1999\u20132002": "Parramatta Power SC \u00b7 63 \u00b7 (4)", "2002\u20132003": "Penrith City SC \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2003": "Geylang United"}}]

false

# Mississippi Highway 472 Mississippi Highway 472 (MS 472) is a two-lane wide state highway in Copiah and Simpson counties, Mississippi. The highway consists of two segments- a western segment that runs from outside of Hazlehurst to Rockport that is signed and state maintained, and an eastern segment which is unsigned and maintained by Simpson County. The route number was created in 1957 and had once extended as far west as Carpenter. ## Route description MS 472's western segment begins in the community of Shady Grove, about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) east of Hazlehust, at an intersection with East Whitworth Street. The cross road was previously MS 28, now located about 0.6 miles (0.97 km) to the north. State maintenance of the highway officially begins about 200 feet (61 m) beyond the center of this intersection. MS 472 heads southeast on a winding road through rolling terrain. For the first five miles (8.0 km), the highway heads through a mix of open fields and woods, with some small homes and churches being located along the road. After that point, the surroundings of the road become more rural with very few homes being present on the road. Before the segment ends, MS 472 reaches a T intersection with Rockport Road in front of a church. MS 472 turns to the east and continues for another 1+1⁄4 miles (2.0 km) where it ends at an intersection with MS 27 in the community of Rockport. MS 472 officially resumes in Simpson County, across the Pearl River from Rockport. This section, however is not maintained by the state. The unsigned highway, but officially designated section, begins at the intersection of Shivers Road and Rockport New Hebron Road outside of the community of Schley and in front of an abandoned general store. Shivers Road to the east of this point carries MS 478, but like MS 472, it too is unsigned and not state maintained. MS 472 heads north along the county road before curving to the northeast and merging onto Bridgeport Road. At the community of Bridgeport, at a poultry farm, MS 472 turns onto a road formally named County 472. The road heads through a mostly wooded rural area, generally paralleling the Strong River. It also passes more poultry farms, small houses, and churches. In the community of Pinola, the road and the official state highway designation, ends at an intersection with MS 28 and MS 43. ## History MS 472 was designed in 1957 along its current segments and an additional segment in northwest Copiah County. The additional segment ran from MS 18 at the community of Carpenter, just south of Utica Junior College. Portions of the road were improved to be paved over the next few years until the highway was completely removed from state maps by 1967. The route would not be restored to the state map until 1998, and was only located along the Shady Grove-Rockport segment. The road had not been formally decommissioned, however. County maps published by the state continued to show MS 472 through this time. At least in 1980, a 4.82-mile-long (7.76 km) portion of the eastern segment west from MS 28/MS 43 was state maintained. ## Major intersections | Copiah | Shady Grove | 0.000 | 0.000 | Whitworth Street | Western terminus | | Copiah | Rockport | 13.468 | 21.675 | MS 27 – Georgetown, Monticello | Eastern terminus of western segment | | Gap in route | | | | | | | Simpson | Schley | 13.468 | 21.675 | · MS 478 east (Shivers Road) / Rockport New Hebron Road | Western terminus of eastern segment; western terminus of MS 478 | | Simpson | Pinola | 25.825 | 41.561 | MS 28 / MS 43 – Pinola, Magee | Eastern terminus | | 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | | | | | |

enwiki/69262460

enwiki

69,262,460

Mississippi Highway 472

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_Highway_472

2025-05-16T03:32:55Z

en

Q109571000

88,767

{{Short description|State highway in Mississippi}} {{Use American English|date=May 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}} {{Infobox road |state=MS |type=MS |route=472 |map={{maplink-road|from=Mississippi Highway 472.map}} |map_custom=yes |maint=[[Mississippi Departmnent of Transportation|MDOT]] and [[Simpson County, Mississippi|Simpson County]] |established=1957 |length_mi=25.825 |length_ref=<ref name=MDOT_GIS>{{cite web |url=https://opendata.gis.ms.gov/datasets/db70cdeeb0ac444caea18275e85d5d06_3/about |title=MS Highways |publisher=Mississippi Geospatial Data Catalog |accessdate=June 1, 2021}}</ref> |section1=Western segment |length_mi1=13.468 |direction_a1=West |terminus_a1=Whitworth Street near [[Hazlehurst, Mississippi|Hazlehurst]] |direction_b1=East |terminus_b1={{jct|state=MS|MS|27}} in [[Rockport, Mississippi|Rockport]] |section2=Eastern segment |length_mi2=12.357 |direction_a2=West |terminus_a2={{jct|state=MS|MS|478}} near [[Schley, Mississippi|Schley]] |direction_b2=East |terminus_b2={{jct|state=MS|MS|28|MS|43}} near [[Pinola, Mississippi|Pinola]] |counties=[[Copiah County, Mississippi|Copiah]], [[Simpson County, Mississippi|Simpson]] |previous_type=MS |previous_route=471 |next_type=MS |next_route=473 }} '''Mississippi Highway 472''' ('''MS 472''') is a two-lane wide state highway in [[Copiah County, Mississippi|Copiah]] and [[Simpson County, Mississippi|Simpson]] counties, [[Mississippi]]. The highway consists of two segments- a western segment that runs from outside of [[Hazlehurst, Mississippi|Hazlehurst]] to [[Rockport, Mississippi|Rockport]] that is signed and state maintained, and an eastern segment which is [[unsigned highway|unsigned]] and maintained by Simpson County. The route number was created in 1957 and had once extended as far west as [[Carpenter, Mississippi|Carpenter]]. ==Route description== MS 472's western segment begins in the community of [[Shady Grove, Mississippi|Shady Grove]], about {{convert|2.6|mi|km}} east of Hazlehust, at an intersection with East Whitworth Street. The cross road was previously [[Mississippi Highway 28|MS 28]], now located about {{convert|0.6|mi|km}} to the north. State maintenance of the highway officially begins about {{convert|200|ft|m}} beyond the center of this intersection. MS 472 heads southeast on a winding road through rolling terrain. For the first {{convert|5|mi|km|spell=in}}, the highway heads through a mix of open fields and woods, with some small homes and churches being located along the road. After that point, the surroundings of the road become more rural with very few homes being present on the road. Before the segment ends, MS 472 reaches a [[T intersection]] with Rockport Road in front of a church. MS 472 turns to the east and continues for another {{convert|1+1/4|mi|km}} where it ends at an intersection with [[Mississippi Highway 27|MS 27]] in the community of Rockport.<ref name=GM_W>{{google maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/31.8654401,-90.3504505/31.7981253,-90.1573534/@31.8318145,-90.2889991,14368m/am=t/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!3m4!1m2!1d-90.2295679!2d31.8331473!3s0x8628123d8dd3a7d1:0xdf9605c407207075!1m0!3e0 |title=Western segment of MS 472 |accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> MS 472 officially resumes in Simpson County, across the [[Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana)|Pearl River]] from Rockport. This section, however is not maintained by the state.<ref name=MDOT/> The unsigned highway, but officially designated section, begins at the intersection of Shivers Road and Rockport New Hebron Road outside of the community of [[Schley, Mississippi|Schley]] and in front of an abandoned [[general store]]. Shivers Road to the east of this point carries [[Mississippi Highway 478|MS 478]], but like MS 472, it too is unsigned and not state maintained. MS 472 heads north along the county road before curving to the northeast and merging onto Bridgeport Road. At the community of [[Bridgeport, Mississippi|Bridgeport]], at a poultry farm, MS 472 turns onto a road formally named County 472. The road heads through a mostly wooded rural area, generally paralleling the [[Strong River]]. It also passes more poultry farms, small houses, and churches. In the community of [[Pinola, Mississippi|Pinola]], the road and the official state highway designation, ends at an intersection with [[Mississippi Highway 28|MS 28]] and [[Mississippi Highway 43|MS 43]].<ref name=GM_E>{{google maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/31.8044635,-90.0977478/31.866489,-89.9554875/@31.8355498,-90.0967467,28217m/am=t/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!3m4!1m2!1d-90.0615326!2d31.8441888!3s0x86281c902d9f73bb:0x380064b07f8354d!1m0!3e0 |title=Eastern segment of MS 472 |accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> ==History== MS 472 was designed in 1957 along its current segments and an additional segment in northwest Copiah County. The additional segment ran from [[Mississippi Highway 18|MS 18]] at the community of Carpenter, just south of [[Hinds Community College|Utica Junior College]].<ref name=MS_1956/><ref name=MS_1957/> Portions of the road were improved to be paved over the next few years until the highway was completely removed from state maps by 1967.<ref name=MS_1965/><ref name=MS_1967/> The route would not be restored to the state map until 1998, and was only located along the Shady Grove-Rockport segment.<ref name=MS_1996/><ref name=MS_1998/> The road had not been formally decommissioned, however. County maps published by the state continued to show MS 472 through this time. At least in 1980, a {{convert|4.82|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} portion of the eastern segment west from MS 28/MS 43 was state maintained.<ref name=CopMaint1980>{{cite map |author = Mississippi Department of Transportation |url=https://da.mdah.ms.gov/series-files/mdot/s1484/pdf/Copiah%20County%20MPS%2006-30-80.PDF |title=M-D 7, Copiah |date=June 30, 1980 |scale = Scale not given |location = Jackson |publisher= Mississippi Department of Transportation |accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref><ref name=SimMaint1980>{{cite map |author = Mississippi Department of Transportation |url=https://da.mdah.ms.gov/series-files/mdot/s1484/pdf/Simpson%20County%20MPS%2006-30-80.PDF |title=M-D 7, Simpson |date=June 30, 1980 |scale = Scale not given |location = Jackson |publisher= Mississippi Department of Transportation |accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> ==Major intersections== {{Jcttop|length_ref=<ref name=MDOT_GIS/>}} {{MSint |county=Copiah |cspan=2 |location=Shady Grove |mile=0.000 |road=Whitworth Street |notes=Western terminus }} {{MSint |location=Rockport |mile=13.468 |road={{jct|state=MS|MS|27|city1=Georgetown|city2=Monticello}} |notes=Eastern terminus of western segment }} {{jctgap}} {{MSint |county=Simpson |cspan=2 |location=Schley |mile=13.468 |road={{jct|state=MS|MS|478|dir1=east|name1=Shivers Road|road|Rockport New Hebron Road}} |notes=Western terminus of eastern segment; western terminus of MS 478 }} {{MSint |location=Pinola |mile=25.825 |road={{jct|state=MS|MS|28|MS|43|city1=Pinola|city2=Magee}} |notes=Eastern terminus }} {{jctbtm}} ==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=MDOT>{{Cite book |type = Report |author=Planning Division |date=December 31, 2019 |title=Mississippi Public Roads Selected Statistics Extent, Travel, and Designation |url=https://mdot.ms.gov/documents/Planning/Statistics/Book/2019%20MDOT%20Public%20Roads%20Statistics%20Extent,%20Travel,%20and%20Designation.pdf |publisher=[[Mississippi Department of Transportation]] |access-date=September 12, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1956>{{Mississippi road map|year=1956|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1957>{{Mississippi road map|year=1957|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1965>{{Mississippi road map|year=1965|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1967>{{Mississippi road map|year=1967|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1996>{{Mississippi road map|year=1996|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> <ref name=MS_1998>{{Mississippi road map|year=1998|accessdate=November 13, 2021}}</ref> }} ==External links== {{Attached KML}} [[Category:State highways in Mississippi|472]] [[Category:Transportation in Copiah County, Mississippi]] [[Category:Transportation in Simpson County, Mississippi]]

1,290,646,471

[{"title": "Route information", "data": {"Route information": "Maintained by MDOT and Simpson County", "Length": "25.825 mi (41.561 km)", "Existed": "1957\u2013present"}}, {"title": "Western segment", "data": {"Length": "13.468 mi (21.675 km)", "West end": "Whitworth Street near Hazlehurst", "East end": "MS 27 in Rockport"}}, {"title": "Eastern segment", "data": {"Length": "12.357 mi (19.887 km)", "West end": "MS 478 near Schley", "East end": "MS 28 / MS 43 near Pinola"}}, {"title": "Location", "data": {"Country": "United States", "State": "Mississippi", "Counties": "Copiah, Simpson"}}, {"title": "Highway system", "data": {"Highway system": "Mississippi State Highway System Interstate US State", "\u2190 MS 471": "\u2192 MS 473"}}]

false

# 2019 Wisconsin elections The 2019 Wisconsin Spring Election was held in the U.S. state of Wisconsin on April 2, 2019. There was one seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court on the ballot, as well as several other nonpartisan local and judicial elections. There were also a number of local referendums for school funding. The 2019 Wisconsin Spring Primary was held February 19, 2019. There was an additional special election held in the 64th Wisconsin State Assembly district. In the Supreme Court election, the Republicans' preferred candidate defeated the Democrats' preferred candidate. In all, only 1 incumbent judge lost their seat in this election, while 2 others retired. ## Election information ### Turnout Turnout in the April 2 election was 27% of the voting age population. ## State elections ### Legislative #### State Assembly 64th district special election A special election was held to fill the 64th district seat of the Wisconsin State Assembly. The seat was vacated by former Wisconsin Assembly Minority Leader Peter Barca who had been appointed to the cabinet of Governor Tony Evers. At the time of the election, the 64th Assembly district contained the northern half of the city of Kenosha, along with suburban areas of southeastern Racine County. It is considered a safe democratic seat. The primary for this seat was held at the spring general election on April 2. Democrat Tip McGuire defeated Gina Walkington and Spencer Zimmerman for the Democratic nomination while Mark Stalker won the Republican nomination unopposed. The special general election was then held April 30, and McGuire defeated Stalker 62.35% to 37.56%. ### Judicial Judicial elections were held in 2019. #### State Supreme Court ##### Results | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | | ----------- | ----------- | -------------- | --------- | ------ | | | Nonpartisan | Brian Hagedorn | 606,414 | 50.22% | | | Nonpartisan | Lisa Neubauer | 600,433 | 49.72% | | | Write-in | Write-in | 722 | 0.06% | | Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 1,207,569 | 100.0% | #### State Court of Appeals Three seats on the Wisconsin Court of Appeals were up for election in 2019. All three were uncontested. - Judge Mark Gundrum was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District II. - Judge Lisa K. Stark was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District III. - In District IV, administrative law judge Jennifer E. Nashold was unopposed in the election to succeed retiring judge Paul Lundsten. #### State Circuit Courts Twenty nine of the state's 249 circuit court seats were up for election in 2019. Only three of those seats were contested. Only one incumbent was defeated for re-election—Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Andrew A. Jones, who had been appointed a year earlier by Governor Scott Walker to fill the vacancy created by Judge Rebecca Dallet's elevation to the Wisconsin Supreme Court. | Circuit | Branch | Incumbent | Elected | Elected | Elected | Defeated | Defeated | Defeated | Defeated in Primary | | Circuit | Branch | Incumbent | Name | Votes | % | Name | Votes | % | Name(s) | | --------- | --------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | ------- | ------- | ------------------ | -------- | -------- | ---------------------------- | | Brown | 3 | Tammy Jo Hock | Tammy Jo Hock | 36,134 | 99.25% | | | | | | Brown | 7 | Timothy A. Hinkfuss | Timothy A. Hinkfuss | 36,900 | 99.26% | | | | | | Dane | 16 | Rhonda L. Lanford | Rhonda L. Lanford | 103,480 | 99.03% | | | | | | Dodge | 3 | Joseph G. Sciascia | Joseph G. Sciascia | 13,303 | 100.00% | | | | | | Jefferson | 1 | William V. Gruber | William V. Gruber | 13,004 | 99.22% | | | | | | Jefferson | 2 | William F. Hue | William F. Hue | 13,239 | 99.24% | | | | | | La Crosse | 1 | Ramona A. Gonzalez | Ramona A. Gonzalez | 15,852 | 100.00% | | | | | | La Crosse | 2 | Elliott M. Levine | Elliott M. Levine | 16,258 | 100.00% | | | | | | La Crosse | 3 | Todd Bjerke | Todd Bjerke | 16,579 | 100.00% | | | | | | La Crosse | 4 | Scott L. Horne | Scott L. Horne | 16,978 | 100.00% | | | | | | Lincoln | 2 | Robert R. Russell | Robert R. Russell | 4,279 | 99.58% | | | | | | Manitowoc | 1 | Mark R. Rohrer | Mark R. Rohrer | 12,629 | 99.14% | | | | | | Marinette | 2 | James A. Morrison | James A. Morrison | 6,867 | 100.00% | | | | | | Marquette | Marquette | Bernard Ben Bult | Chad A. Hendee | 2,885 | 99.28% | | | | | | Milwaukee | 11 | David C. Swanson | David C. Swanson | 87,138 | 98.54% | | | | | | Milwaukee | 26 | William S. Pocan | William S. Pocan | 87,258 | 98.61% | | | | | | Milwaukee | 36 | Laura A. Crivello | Laura A. Crivello | 87,994 | 98.75% | | | | | | Milwaukee | 40 | Andrew A. Jones | Danielle L. Shelton | 71,649 | 57.07% | Andrew A. Jones | 53,407 | 42.54% | | | Milwaukee | 41 | Audrey K. Skwierawski | Audrey K. Skwierawski | 85,654 | 98.73% | | | | | | Monroe | 1 | Todd L. Ziegler | Todd L. Ziegler | 7,354 | 99.69% | | | | | | Ozaukee | 2 | Joe Voiland | Steve Cain | 14,800 | 58.02% | Angela C. Foy | 10,650 | 41.75% | Mark E. Larson James Wawrzyn | | Racine | 3 | Maureen M. Martinez | Maureen M. Martinez | 24,151 | 98.99% | | | | | | Racine | 7 | Jon E. Fredrickson | Jon E. Fredrickson | 18,606 | 59.59% | Jamie M. McClendon | 12,512 | 40.08% | | | Rock | 1 | Karl R. Hanson | Karl R. Hanson | 19,396 | 99.22% | | | | | | Rock | 2 | Derrick A. Grubb | Derrick A. Grubb | 19,185 | 99.04% | | | | | | Rock | 4 | Daniel T. Dillon | Daniel T. Dillon | 18,977 | 99.17% | | | | | | St. Croix | 2 | Edward F. Vlack | Edward F. Vlack | 10,174 | 99.05% | | | | | | Waukesha | 1 | Michael O. Bohren | Michael O. Bohren | 75,867 | 99.06% | | | | | | Waukesha | 6 | Brad Schimel | Brad Schimel | 81,363 | 97.85% | | | | | ## Local elections ### Brown County #### Green Bay mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Green Bay concurrent with the Spring election. Democratic former state representative Eric Genrich defeated small business owner Patrick Buckley. Four-term Republican incumbent mayor Jim Schmitt was not a candidate for re-election.[5] ### Dane County #### Madison mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Madison concurrent with the Spring election. Seven-term incumbent mayor Paul Soglin was defeated by former city councilmember Satya Rhodes-Conway.[6] ### Outagamie County #### Outagamie County executive - A regularly scheduled county executive election was held in Outagamie County concurrent with the spring election. Democratic incumbent executive Tom Nelson was reelected without opposition.[7] ### Racine County #### Racine mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Racine concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Cory Mason won his first full term, defeating a write-in campaign by city councilmember Sandy Weidner. Mason had previously won a special election to fill the remainder of the term of Mayor John Dickert, who had resigned.[8] ### Winnebago County #### Oshkosh mayor - A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in Oshkosh concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Steve Cummings was defeated by city councilmember and deputy mayor Lori Palmeri.[9] ### School referendums - There were 60 local education-funding referendums on the ballot in the 2019 election, at a total value of approximately $1.2 billion. 45 of those referendums passed, awarding the school districts approximately $783 million in additional funding.[10]

enwiki/63655381

enwiki

63,655,381

2019 Wisconsin elections

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Wisconsin_elections

2025-04-15T03:54:33Z

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{{Short description|none}}  {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}} {{Infobox election | election_name = 2019 Wisconsin elections | country = Wisconsin | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = 2018 Wisconsin elections | previous_year = 2018 | next_election = 2020 Wisconsin elections | next_year = 2020 | turnout = | election_date = April 2, 2019 }} {{ElectionsWI}} The '''2019 Wisconsin Spring Election''' was held in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Wisconsin]] on April 2, 2019. There was one seat on the [[Wisconsin Supreme Court]] on the ballot, as well as several other nonpartisan local and judicial elections. There were also a number of local referendums for school funding. The '''2019 Wisconsin Spring Primary''' was held February 19, 2019. There was an additional special election held in the 64th [[Wisconsin State Assembly]] district. In the Supreme Court election, the Republicans' preferred candidate defeated the Democrats' preferred candidate. In all, only 1 incumbent judge lost their seat in this election, while 2 others retired. ==Election information== ===Turnout=== Turnout in the April 2 election was 27% of the voting age population.<ref>{{cite web |title=Voter turnout hit 34% for Wisconsin Supreme Court race, 71% of ballots were cast absentee |url=https://fox6now.com/2020/04/14/voter-turnout-hit-34-for-wisconsin-supreme-court-race-71-of-ballots-were-cast-absentee/ |website=FOX6Now.com |publisher=WITI |access-date=14 April 2020 |language=en |date=14 April 2020}}</ref> == State elections== === Legislative === ==== State Assembly 64th district special election==== A special election was held to fill the 64th district seat of the [[Wisconsin State Assembly]]. The seat was vacated by former Wisconsin Assembly Minority Leader [[Peter Barca]] who had been appointed to the cabinet of Governor [[Tony Evers]]. At the time of the election, the 64th Assembly district contained the northern half of the city of [[Kenosha, Wisconsin|Kenosha]], along with suburban areas of southeastern [[Racine County, Wisconsin|Racine County]]. It is considered a safe democratic seat. The primary for this seat was held at the spring general election on April 2. Democrat [[Tip McGuire]] defeated Gina Walkington and Spencer Zimmerman for the Democratic nomination while Mark Stalker won the Republican nomination unopposed.<ref name=results2>{{cite web |title=WEC Canvass Reporting System Canvass Results for 2019 Spring Election - 4/2/2019 5:00:00 AM |url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/elections.wi.gov/files/Canvass%20Results-Spring%20Election%20and%20Assm%2064%20Primary.pdf |website=elections.wi.gov |publisher=Wisconsin Elections Commission |access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref> The special general election was then held April 30, and McGuire defeated Stalker 62.35% to 37.56%.<ref>{{cite web |title=WEC Canvass Reporting System Canvass Results for Rep Assembly District 64 Special Election - 4/30/2019 5:00:00 AM |url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/elections.wi.gov/files/Assembly%2064%20Special%20Election-Canvass%20Results%20report.pdf |website=elections.wi.gov |publisher=Wisconsin Elections Commission |access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref> ===Judicial=== Judicial elections were held in 2019. ==== State Supreme Court ==== {{main|2019 Wisconsin Supreme Court election}} =====Results===== {{Election box begin no change |title=2019 Wisconsin Supreme Court election<ref>{{cite web |title=2019 Spring Election Results |url=https://elections.wi.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/Canvass%2520Results-Spring%2520Election%2520and%2520Assm%252064%2520Primary.pdf}}</ref> }} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change | party = Nonpartisan politician | candidate = [[Brian Hagedorn]] |votes = 606,414 |percentage = 50.22% }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change | party = Nonpartisan politician | candidate = [[Lisa Neubauer]] |votes = 600,433 |percentage = 49.72% }} {{Election box write-in with party link no change |votes = 722 |percentage = 0.06% }} {{Election box total no change |votes = 1,207,569 |percentage = 100.0% }} {{Election box end}} ==== State Court of Appeals ==== Three seats on the [[Wisconsin Court of Appeals]] were up for election in 2019. All three were uncontested. * Judge [[Mark Gundrum]] was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District II. * Judge [[Lisa K. Stark]] was unopposed seeking re-election to a second full term in District III. * In District IV, administrative law judge [[Jennifer E. Nashold]] was unopposed in the election to succeed retiring judge [[Paul Lundsten]]. ==== State Circuit Courts ==== Twenty nine of the state's 249 [[Wisconsin circuit courts|circuit court]] seats were up for election in 2019. Only three of those seats were contested. Only one incumbent was defeated for re-election—Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Andrew A. Jones, who had been appointed a year earlier by Governor [[Scott Walker (politician)|Scott Walker]] to fill the vacancy created by Judge [[Rebecca Dallet]]'s elevation to the Wisconsin Supreme Court. {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Circuit ! rowspan="2" |Branch ! rowspan="2" |Incumbent ! colspan="3" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Defeated ! Defeated in Primary |- !Name !Votes !% !Name !Votes !% !Name(s) |- ! rowspan="2" | Brown | 3 | Tammy Jo Hock | '''Tammy Jo Hock''' | align="right"| 36,134 | align="right"| 99.25% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 7 | Timothy A. Hinkfuss | '''Timothy A. Hinkfuss''' | align="right"| 36,900 | align="right"| 99.26% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Dane | 16 | Rhonda L. Lanford | '''Rhonda L. Lanford''' | align="right"| 103,480 | align="right"| 99.03% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Dodge | 3 | Joseph G. Sciascia | '''Joseph G. Sciascia''' | align="right"| 13,303 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! rowspan="2" | Jefferson | 1 | William V. Gruber | '''William V. Gruber''' | align="right"| 13,004 | align="right"| 99.22% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 2 | William F. Hue | '''William F. Hue''' | align="right"| 13,239 | align="right"| 99.24% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! rowspan="4" | La Crosse | 1 | Ramona A. Gonzalez | '''Ramona A. Gonzalez''' | align="right"| 15,852 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 2 | Elliott M. Levine | '''Elliott M. Levine''' | align="right"| 16,258 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 3 | Todd Bjerke | '''Todd Bjerke''' | align="right"| 16,579 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 4 | Scott L. Horne | '''Scott L. Horne''' | align="right"| 16,978 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Lincoln | 2 | Robert R. Russell | '''Robert R. Russell''' | align="right"| 4,279 | align="right"| 99.58% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Manitowoc | 1 | Mark R. Rohrer | '''Mark R. Rohrer''' | align="right"| 12,629 | align="right"| 99.14% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Marinette | 2 | James A. Morrison | '''James A. Morrison''' | align="right"| 6,867 | align="right"| 100.00% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! colspan="2" | Marquette | Bernard Ben Bult | '''Chad A. Hendee''' | align="right"| 2,885 | align="right"| 99.28% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! rowspan="5" | Milwaukee | 11 | David C. Swanson | '''David C. Swanson''' | align="right"| 87,138 | align="right"| 98.54% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 26 | William S. Pocan | '''William S. Pocan''' | align="right"| 87,258 | align="right"| 98.61% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 36 | Laura A. Crivello | '''Laura A. Crivello''' | align="right"| 87,994 | align="right"| 98.75% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 40 | Andrew A. Jones | '''Danielle L. Shelton''' | align="right"| 71,649 | align="right"| 57.07% | Andrew A. Jones | align="right"| 53,407 | align="right"| 42.54% | |- | 41 | Audrey K. Skwierawski | '''Audrey K. Skwierawski''' | align="right"| 85,654 | align="right"| 98.73% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Monroe | 1 | Todd L. Ziegler | '''Todd L. Ziegler''' | align="right"| 7,354 | align="right"| 99.69% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! Ozaukee | 2 | Joe Voiland | '''Steve Cain''' | align="right"| 14,800 | align="right"| 58.02% | Angela C. Foy | align="right"| 10,650 | align="right"| 41.75% | Mark E. Larson James Wawrzyn |- ! rowspan="2" | Racine | 3 | Maureen M. Martinez | '''Maureen M. Martinez''' | align="right"| 24,151 | align="right"| 98.99% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 7 | Jon E. Fredrickson | '''Jon E. Fredrickson''' | align="right"| 18,606 | align="right"| 59.59% | Jamie M. McClendon | align="right"| 12,512 | align="right"| 40.08% | |- ! rowspan="3" | Rock | 1 | Karl R. Hanson | '''Karl R. Hanson''' | align="right"| 19,396 | align="right"| 99.22% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 2 | Derrick A. Grubb | '''Derrick A. Grubb''' | align="right"| 19,185 | align="right"| 99.04% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 4 | Daniel T. Dillon | '''Daniel T. Dillon''' | align="right"| 18,977 | align="right"| 99.17% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! St. Croix | 2 | Edward F. Vlack | '''Edward F. Vlack''' | align="right"| 10,174 | align="right"| 99.05% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- ! rowspan="2" | Waukesha | 1 | Michael O. Bohren | '''Michael O. Bohren''' | align="right"| 75,867 | align="right"| 99.06% | colspan="4" align="center" | |- | 6 | [[Brad Schimel]] | '''[[Brad Schimel]]''' | align="right"| 81,363 | align="right"| 97.85% | colspan="4" align="center" | |} ==Local elections== ===Brown County=== ====Green Bay mayor==== {{Main|2019 Green Bay mayoral election}} * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Green Bay, Wisconsin|Green Bay]] concurrent with the Spring election. Democratic former state representative [[Eric Genrich]] defeated small business owner Patrick Buckley. Four-term Republican incumbent mayor [[Jim Schmitt]] was not a candidate for re-election.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.greenbaypressgazette.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/04/02/green-bay-mayoral-race-eric-genrich-easily-defeats-patrick-buckley/3245290002/ |title= Eric Genrich defeats Patrick Buckley to become Green Bay's first new mayor in 16 years |date= April 2, 2019 |last= BeMiller |first= Haley |access-date= May 18, 2020 |newspaper= [[Green Bay Press-Gazette]] }}</ref> ===Dane County=== ====Madison mayor==== {{Main|2019 Madison mayoral election}} * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] concurrent with the Spring election. Seven-term incumbent mayor [[Paul Soglin]] was defeated by former city councilmember [[Satya Rhodes-Conway]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://madison.com/wsj/news/local/govt-and-politics/satya-rhodes-conway-trounces-paul-soglin-to-become-madison-s/article_8aaafa28-8578-5cff-8503-b5901056c6eb.html |title= Satya Rhodes-Conway trounces Paul Soglin to become Madison's mayor |date= April 3, 2019 |last= Mosiman |first= Dean |newspaper= [[Wisconsin State Journal]] |access-date= May 18, 2020 }}</ref> ===Outagamie County=== ====Outagamie County executive==== * A regularly scheduled county executive election was held in [[Outagamie County, Wisconsin|Outagamie County]] concurrent with the spring election. Democratic incumbent executive [[Tom Nelson (Wisconsin politician)|Tom Nelson]] was reelected without opposition.<ref>{{cite report|url= https://www.outagamie.org/Home/ShowDocument?id=64958 |title= Outagamie County 2019 Spring Election |publisher= Office of the Clerk of Outagamie County, Wisconsin |date= April 9, 2019 |page= 2 |accessdate= February 17, 2021 }}</ref> ===Racine County=== ====Racine mayor==== * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Racine, Wisconsin|Racine]] concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor [[Cory Mason]] won his first full term, defeating a write-in campaign by city councilmember Sandy Weidner. Mason had previously won a special election to fill the remainder of the term of Mayor [[John Dickert]], who had resigned.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://journaltimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/elections/city-of-racine-incumbents-re-elected-except-in-th-district/article_de1963c7-d0fc-5a37-a046-aa5b8e53f30b.html |title= City of Racine incumbents re-elected except in 5th District |newspaper= [[Racine Journal Times]] |date= April 2, 2019 |access-date= April 24, 2020 |last=Lieffring |first=Christina }}</ref> ===Winnebago County=== ====Oshkosh mayor==== * A regularly scheduled mayoral election was held in [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin|Oshkosh]] concurrent with the Spring election. Incumbent mayor Steve Cummings was defeated by city councilmember and deputy mayor [[Lori Palmeri]].<ref name="2019gen">{{cite news|url= https://www.thenorthwestern.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/04/02/oshkosh-mayor-election-2019-lori-palmeri-defeats-steve-cummings/3334357002/ |title= Lori Palmeri defeats incumbent Steve Cummings in Oshkosh mayoral race |first= Nathaniel |last= Shuda |newspaper= [[Oshkosh Northwestern]] |date= April 2, 2019 |accessdate= December 7, 2022 }}</ref> ===School referendums=== * There were 60 local education-funding [[referendum]]s on the ballot in the 2019 election, at a total value of approximately $1.2 billion. 45 of those referendums passed, awarding the school districts approximately $783 million in additional funding.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/education/2019/04/10/wisconsin-voters-approve-majority-school-spending-referendums/3410972002/ |title= Wisconsin voters again improve spending increase for schools, but some large building projects rejected |last= Cannon |first= Margaret |newspaper= [[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]] |date= April 10, 2019 |access-date= April 25, 2020}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{2019 United States elections}} [[Category:2019 Wisconsin elections| ]] [[Category:2019 elections in the United States by state|Wisconsin]]

1,285,684,983

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false

# Yamatorige Yamatorige (山鳥毛, "feather of a copper pheasant"), equally known as Sanchōmō by its Sino-Japanese reading, is a tachi (Japanese greatsword) forged during the middle Kamakura period (13th century). The set of the blade and its koshirae (mountings) is a National Treasure of Japan. It was wielded by Uesugi Kagekatsu (1556–1623), a powerful warlord in the Sengoku period, and had been inherited by his clan. ## History Yamatorige was forged during the middle Kamakura period (13th century). According to Kanzan Sato, a nihontō (Japanese sword) appraiser and researcher, it was named so in order to honor the beauty of the tachi by likening it to the feather of a copper pheasant or the landscape of sunset mountains. In addition, Suiken Fukunaga, another nihontō appraiser/researcher, cites a theory written in Sourinji Denki (『双林寺伝記』) that the name came from the landscape of a wildfire. Fukunaga himself, however, remarks the wildfire theory is utterly dubious. The tachi is one of the 35 swords favored by the warlord Uesugi Kagekatsu (1556–1623), an adopted son and the successor of the "God of War" Uesugi Kenshin. Later it had been inherited as one of the greatest heirlooms of the Yonezawa-Uesugi clan, the head of the Uesugi clans. On March 29, 1952, the tachi was designated a National Treasure of Japan. Its koshirae (mountings) are a part of the designation as accessories to the blade. In 2020, Setouchi City purchased yamatorige from an individual, which was then housed in the Bizen Osafune Japanese Sword Museum. The purchase cost was about 500 million yen (About $5 million). ## List of name variations The official full name for the blade and its mountings designated by the Agency for Cultural Affairs is Tachi Mumei-Ichimonji (Yamatorige) Hitokuchi tsuketari Uchigatana-Goshirae (太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）一口附打刀拵, "An Unsigned Tachi by the Ichimonji School (Yamatorige) with Mountings for a Katana-Type Sword"). Markus Sesko, a researcher on Japanese swords, calls the sword Yamatorige-Ichimonji (山鳥毛一文字). Due to both its ambiguous origin and the highly complex reading system for kanji characters, the sword has a wide variety of associated names. - Yamatorige[5] - kun'yomi (native reading) for the kanji characters 山鳥毛 - Yamadorige[9] - a variant of native reading - Sanchōmō[10] - on'yomi (Sino-Japanese reading) for the same characters - Sanshōmō[11][12] - by characters written on a wooden plate co-inherited with this tachi[11] - Yamashōmō[13] ## Bibliography - 岡野, 多郎松 (1958), 佐藤貫一 (ed.), 備山愛刀図譜 (in Japanese), 岡野多郎松 - 佐藤, 寒山 (1964), "上杉景勝御手選三十五腰", 武将と名刀 (in Japanese), 人物往来社 - 福永, 酔剣 (1993-11-20), 日本刀大百科事典 (in Japanese), vol. 5, 雄山閣出版, ISBN 4639012020 - 福永, 酔剣 (1969), 日本刀物語続 (in Japanese), 雄山閣出版 - 文化庁 (1984-12-16), 工芸品 III, 国宝 (in Japanese), vol. 8, 毎日新聞社

enwiki/62681583

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62,681,583

Yamatorige

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamatorige

2022-06-11T05:04:21Z

en

Q60985348

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{{Short description|Japanese sword}} {{Nihongo|'''Yamatorige'''|山鳥毛||"feather of a [[copper pheasant]]"}}, equally known as '''Sanchōmō''' by its [[kanji#on'yomi|Sino-Japanese reading]], is a ''[[tachi]]'' ([[Japanese sword|Japanese greatsword]]) forged during the middle [[Kamakura period]] (13th century). The set of the blade and its ''[[koshirae]]'' (mountings) is a [[National Treasure (Japan)|National Treasure of Japan]]. It was wielded by [[Uesugi Kagekatsu]] (1556–1623), a powerful warlord in the [[Sengoku period]], and had been inherited by his clan.<ref name=okayama_treasure>{{Citation|title=太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）|journal=おかやまの文化財|publisher=岡山県|url=http://www.pref.okayama.jp/cgi-bin/bunka/culture/controller/client/resultDetail.cgi?id=568|access-date=2018-12-27|archive-date=2018-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227151510/http://www.pref.okayama.jp/cgi-bin/bunka/culture/controller/client/resultDetail.cgi?id=568}}</ref> == History == Yamatorige was forged during the middle [[Kamakura period]] (13th century).{{sfn|文化庁|1984|p=169}} According to Kanzan Sato, a ''nihontō'' ([[Japanese sword]]) appraiser and researcher, it was named so in order to honor the beauty of the ''tachi'' by likening it to the feather of a [[copper pheasant]] or the landscape of sunset mountains.{{sfn|佐藤|1964|pp=169-170}} In addition, Suiken Fukunaga, another ''nihontō'' appraiser/researcher, cites a theory written in {{Nihongo|''Sourinji Denki''|『双林寺伝記』}} that the name came from the landscape of a [[wildfire]].{{Sfn|福永|1969|p=140}} Fukunaga himself, however, remarks the wildfire theory is utterly dubious.{{Sfn|福永|1969|p=140}} The ''tachi'' is one of the 35 swords favored by the warlord [[Uesugi Kagekatsu]] (1556–1623),{{sfn|文化庁|1984|p=169}} an adopted son and the successor of the "God of War" [[Uesugi Kenshin]]. Later it had been inherited as one of the greatest heirlooms of the [[Uesugi clan#Edo period|Yonezawa-Uesugi clan]], the head of the Uesugi clans.{{sfn|文化庁|1984|p=169}} On March 29, 1952, the ''tachi'' was designated a [[National Treasure (Japan)|National Treasure of Japan]].<ref name=kanpo1952>日本国、昭和27年10月16日文化財保護委員会告示第21号。Date accepted is March 29.</ref> Its ''[[koshirae]]'' (mountings) are a part of the designation as accessories to the blade.{{R|kanpo1952}}<ref name=jouetsu_2016>{{Citation|last=上越市|title=謙信公の愛刀を、故郷「上越市」へ|publisher=上越市|date=2016-11-01|url=https://www.city.joetsu.niigata.jp/uploaded/attachment/122141.pdf|archive-date=2019-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615085807/https://www.city.joetsu.niigata.jp/uploaded/attachment/122141.pdf|page=2}}</ref> In 2020, [[Setouchi, Okayama|Setouchi City]] purchased ''yamatorige'' from an individual, which was then housed in the Bizen Osafune Japanese Sword Museum. The purchase cost was about 500 million yen (About $5 million).<ref name=nikkei_20200217>{{Citation|newspaper=[[The Nikkei]]|url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO55729560X10C20A2LC0000/|date=2020-02-17|access-date=2020-03-18|archive-date=2020-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318152304/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO55729560X10C20A2LC0000/|title=国宝備前刀の保管・PR、瀬戸内市が市長直轄部署}}</ref> == List of name variations == The official full name for the blade and its mountings designated by the [[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] is {{Nihongo|'''Tachi Mumei-Ichimonji (Yamatorige) Hitokuchi tsuketari Uchigatana-Goshirae'''|太刀無銘一文字（山鳥毛）一口附打刀拵||"An Unsigned ''Tachi'' by the Ichimonji School (Yamatorige) with Mountings for a ''[[Katana]]''-Type Sword"}}.<ref name=kanpo1952 /> Markus Sesko, a researcher on Japanese swords, calls the sword {{Nihongo|Yamatorige-Ichimonji|山鳥毛一文字}}.<ref>{{Citation|last1=Sesko|first1=Markus|title=Legends and Stories around the Japanese Sword|publisher=Books on Demand|year=2011|page=88|isbn=978-3842366039|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFTNe-WjyBcC&q=%E5%B1%B1%E9%B3%A5%E6%AF%9B%E3%80%80sword&pg=PA88}}</ref> Due to both its ambiguous origin and the [[Kanji#readings|highly complex reading system for ''kanji'' characters]], the sword has a wide variety of associated names. * Yamatorige<ref name=kanpo1952 /> - ''kun'yomi'' (native reading) for the ''kanji'' characters {{lang|ja|山鳥毛}} * Yamadorige{{sfn|福永|1993|p=235}} - a variant of native reading * Sanchōmō<ref name=satou_ueno_p74>{{Citation|last1=佐藤|first1=寛介|last2=植野|first2=哲也|title=備前刀: 日本刀の王者|publisher=日本文教出版|series=岡山文庫|volume=282|year=2013|page=74|isbn=9784821252824}}</ref> - ''on'yomi'' (Sino-Japanese reading) for the same characters * Sanshōmō{{sfn|岡野|1958|p=32}}{{sfn|佐藤|1964|p=169}} - by characters written on a wooden plate co-inherited with this ''tachi''{{sfn|岡野|1958|p=32}} * Yamashōmō{{sfn|福永|1993|p=231}} ==See also== * [[List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts-swords)]] ==References== {{Reflist|1}} ==Bibliography== *{{Citation|last=岡野|first=多郎松|editor=佐藤貫一|title=備山愛刀図譜|publisher=岡野多郎松|year=1958|url={{NDLDC|8799599}}|language=ja}} *{{Citation|last=佐藤|first=寒山|title=上杉景勝御手選三十五腰|journal=武将と名刀|publisher=人物往来社|date=1964|url={{NDLDC|2503474}}|language=ja}} *{{Citation|last=福永|first=酔剣|title=日本刀大百科事典|volume=5|publisher=雄山閣出版|date=1993-11-20|isbn=4639012020|language=ja}} *{{Citation|last=福永|first=酔剣|title=日本刀物語続|publisher=雄山閣出版|date=1969|url={{NDLDC|2526226}}|language=ja}} *{{Citation|last=文化庁|title=工芸品 III|publisher=毎日新聞社|series=国宝|volume=8|date=1984-12-16|language=ja}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yamatorige}} [[Category:Individual Japanese swords]] [[Category:National Treasures of Japan]] [[Category:Uesugi clan]]

1,092,577,234

[]

false

# Lidy Prati Lidia "Lidy" Elena Prati (1921–2008) was an Argentine painter who was known for her abstract, geometric paintings. Her artwork called into question representational art and was influential in defining the concrete art movement in Latin America. Prati contributed to the publication of Arturo magazine and during the 1940s, was one of the founding members of the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención (AACI) art movement (or Concrete-Invention Art Association) along with Enio Iommi and Tomás Maldonado. While she is primarily known for her concrete art paintings, Prati also worked in graphic and layout design and worked with textiles and jewelry. ## Biography Lidia Elena Prati was born in Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina in 1921 into an Italian and Swiss-German immigrant family. Her father, Olinto Prati, a native of Longiana, Italy, and her mother, Hilda Usinger, from the Cañada de Gómez province of Santa Fe, were married around 1916. Her father had been a public accountant in Italy, though, in Argentina, he abandoned this profession and became a prominent textile industrialist, earning him the title, "The Cotton King" of Chaco. He also produced kaolin, wood fiber, chemical products, and owned several car dealerships (Ford, Renault, and IKA). His success in these industries provided him with financial assets integral in the creation and publication of Arturo magazine. As a child, Prati lived with her family in Chatara, Chaco where her father's business was based, though when she was 6, she lived with her grandparents for a year in Rimini, Italy where she learned Italian language and culture. In the 1930s, Prati and her sister Pierina began attending the religious boarding school, Nuestra Señora de la Misterordia, in Rosario. In 1936, at 15, Prati began school at the Instituto Inmaculado Corazón de Maria "Adoratrices", a traditional Catholic school in Buenos Aires. Shortly after her enrollment, she began living with her uncle Francisco Prati in a luxurious apartment building where she came into contact with culture, art, and music. In 1938, Prati received her teaching degree from Las Adoratrices, and in 1942 she moved back in with her parents who had recently moved from Chaco to Buenos Aires. In 1942 she had her first-ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in Buenos Aires. On 11 March in 1944, despite her parents' wishes, Prati married artist Tomás Maldonado with whom she had started taking art classes from two years prior. For the next eight years, they participated in collaborations and exhibitions together. In 1952, however, Prati and Maldonado separated and she traveled to Europe with her parents where she studied Renaissance paintings and met with several artists including George Vantongerloo, Max Bill, Giacomo Balla, and Piero Dorazio. In 1954, Prati and Maldonado began their divorce proceedings, at which time Prati stopped painting, though she continued to draw. For the next part of her life, Prati had several different careers. She continued her artistic career by working as a graphic and layout designer. She also began to work as a clothing and jewelry designer. From 1971 to 2001, Prati worked for the Argentine Ministero Relaciones Exteriores. In the 1980s, she served as secretary to diplomatic directors of the Department of Western. She performed administrative tasks at the Ministero and in 1980 traveled to Tunisia. Prati worked as an art critic on a radio program from 1970 to 1974 and for the art magazine Artinf, which she had co-founded with Silvia de Ambrosini, Odile Baron Supervielle, and Germaine Derbecq. Prati's life after divorcing Maldonado did not come without challenges. From 1960 on, Prati had several psychiatric episodes. In the early 1960s, she was hospitalized at Hospital Pirovano in Buenos Aires, and another time while she was in Tunisia. Prati also experienced unstable financial circumstances due to the loss of her family's business after the death of her father in 1964. Prati died on 19 August 2008, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ## Career Prati's artistic career began in 1944 when she began taking art classes with Thomás Maldonado after her cousin, María Victoria "Bimbi" Prati had met the young artist in a chance encounter. The basic drawing classes she took in school and Maldonado's classes would be the only were the only training she received, leading her to proclaim herself a self-taught artist. In 1942 she had her first ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in Buenos Aires. In 1944, Prati contributed her artwork to the one-time publication Arturo. This publication was spearheaded by a group of artists, including Carmelo Arden Quin, Gyula Kosice, and Rhod Rothfuss, Maldonado, Edgar Bayley, Joaquín Torres García, Piet Mondrian, and Wassily Kandinsky. These artists were among those with whom she had begun meeting with the previous year at the Café Rubí in Buenos Aires. Their publication of Arturo was partially funded by her father and it is now considered to be an important precursor to the avant-garde Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención and Madí art movements in Argentina. These artists would later split into two separate groups; Quin, Kosice, and Rothfuss would form Madí and Maldonado the Concrete-Invention group, respectively. Throughout the 1940s, Prati participated in several exhibitions, collaborated with other concrete artists, and taught Concrete art and industrial design in Terezopolis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil with Maldonado. In 1945, Edgar Bayley labeled the Argentine response to the European Concrete art movement invencionismo. This same group of artists that Bayley identified would later become the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención art movement. In August 1946 Prati was one of the signatories of the Inventionist Manifesto that was published in the first edition of the group's magazine, Art Concreto. In line with the abstract, non-figurative leanings of the Concrete-Inventionists, Prati's paintings during this period were highly abstract, geometric, and colorful. Indeed, a key influence on her aesthetic style was the minimalist Piet Mondrian. She also experimented with shaped canvases. In 1950 she participated in the Arte Concreto exhibition at the Instituto De Arte Moderno in Buenos Aires. In 1952, Prati traveled to Europe. During this time she and Maldonado befriended the Swiss artist Max Bill, who was an early practitioner of European Concrete art. Max Bill believed that the Argentine artists were creating "true" concrete art and he was especially impressed with Prati's artwork, likely her Composición serial (Serial Composition, 1948). In 1952 Prati exhibited with the group in an exhibition entitled Grupo de Artistas Modernos de la Argentina that Pellegrini organized at the Viau Galería de Arte in Buenos Aires. Much of Prati's work reflects the investigations of not just the AACI, but other concrete artists around the world including Max Bill and Georges Vanterlongoo. One major topic of discussion was the relationship between the background and the figure of a surface or artwork. Their two ideas for how to approach this was one, to make the background seem to vibrate as much as possible, or two, to blend the figure and the background. The first, more popular among the artists, is shown in three of Prati's works, Concret A4 (1948), Composición serial (Serial Composition, 1948), Sin título (Untitled, ca.1948) [cat. 102] and Vibración al infinito (Endless Vibration, 1953). While each of these works uses repetition and the grouping of one geometric shape, the use of color creates instability and tension between the figure and the background. This technique was reflective of Prati's studies in Gestalt Throy, Ostwald's Theory, and color theory and helped her to achieve her goal of straining our scheme of visual perception. After her divorce with Maldonado in the mid-1950s, Prati abandoned painting in favor of graphic design, jewelry and textiles. In 1963, Prati not only took part in but also designed the exhibition poster for 20 Años de Arte Concreto (or "20 Years of Concrete Art") at the Buenos Aires Museum of Modern Art. In 1970, Prati co-founded the magazine Artinf with the artists Germaine Derbecq, Silvia de Ambrosini, and Odile Baron Supervielle. ## Public collections Prati's work can be found in a number of public collections, including: - Museum of Modern Art[12] - Cisneros Fontanal Art Foundation (CIFO)[13] - MALBA[9] ## Artwork Artwork Untitled, 1944 Concreto, 1945 Untitled, 1945 Composición Serial, 1948 Concret A4, 1948 Concrete No.2-B, 1948 Variaciones Sobre Distinto Fondo, 1949 Estructura Vibracional Desde un Círculo, Serie B, 1951 Vibración al Infinito, 1953 Homenaje a Max Bill o Guatemala, 1954-1955 ## Exhibitions 1957 – "Pintores no-figurativos (elogio del pequeño formato)", Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires, 1 to 19 August. 1959 – "Primera exposición internacional de pintura de Punta del Este, Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay", Museo de Arte Moderno, Punta del Este, Uruguay. 1963 – "Del Arte Concreto a la nueva tendencia, Argentina 1944 – 1963", Museo de Arte Moderno, Buenos Aires. 1968 – "Arte Concreto-Invención, Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires. 2nd Buffalo Festival of the Arts Today, Plus Times Minus: Today’s Half Century", Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo, New York, 3 March to 14 April. 1972 – "Homenaje a Mondrian", Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires. 1976 – "Homenaje a la vanguardia del 40", Galería Arte Nuevo, Buenos Aires. 1980 – "Vanguardias de la década del 40, Arte Concreto – Invención, Arte Madi, Perceptismo", Museo Sivori, Buenos Aires, curated by Nelly Perazzo. 1991 – "Arte Concreto-Invención-Arte Madi, Argentinien 1945-1960", Haus für Konstruktive und Konkrete Kunst, Zürich, April to July. 1992 – "Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century", The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1994 – "Art from Argentina 1920 1994", Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, England. 1995 – "A cincuenta años de la Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención", Instituto Cultural Iberoamericano, Buenos Aires, July. 1996 – "El Espíritu de la Colmena", Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires. 2001 – "Abstract Art from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo, 1933 – 1953", The Americas Society, New York, 11 September to 9 December. 2002 – 2003 – "Arte Astratta Argentina", Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Bergamo, Italy, December to March 2003. 2004 – "Utopía de la forma. Espinosa, Girola, Hlito, Iommi, Lozza, Maldonado, Mele, Prati", Galería Del Infinito, Buenos Aires, inauguración 20 April.

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Lidy Prati

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidy_Prati

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{{Short description|Argentine artist (1921–2008)}} {{more footnotes needed|date=July 2022}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}} {{Infobox artist | honorific_prefix = | name = Lidy Prati | honorific_suffix = | image = Lidy_Prati.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name =Lidia Prati  | birth_date = 1921 | birth_place = [[Resistencia, Chaco]], [[Argentina]] | death_date = 2008 | death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates =  | education = | alma_mater = | known_for = Painting | notable_works = | style = [[Abstract art]] | movement = | spouse = | awards =  | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website =  | module = }} '''Lidia '''"'''Lidy'''" '''Elena Prati''' (1921–2008) was an [[Argentine]] painter who was known for her abstract, geometric paintings. Her artwork called into question representational art and was influential in defining the concrete art movement in Latin America. Prati contributed to the publication of ''Arturo'' magazine and during the 1940s, was one of the founding members of the [[Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención]] (AACI) art movement (or Concrete-Invention Art Association) along with [[Enio Iommi]] and [[Tomás Maldonado]].<ref name="Brit">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1193621/Concrete-Invention "Concrete Invention"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> While she is primarily known for her concrete art paintings, Prati also worked in graphic and layout design and worked with textiles and jewelry.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Artnexus|url=https://www.artnexus.com/en/magazines/article-magazine-artnexus/5d63f51a90cc21cf7c0a24ab/76/yente-lidy-prati|access-date=2021-11-21|website=www.artnexus.com}}</ref> ==Biography== Lidia Elena Prati was born in [[Resistencia, Chaco]], [[Argentina]] in 1921 into an Italian and Swiss-German immigrant family.<ref name="March">[http://www.march.es/arte/madrid/exposiciones/america/los_artistas.aspx?l=2 "Lidy Prati"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521201001/http://www.march.es/arte/madrid/exposiciones/america/los_artistas.aspx?l=2 |date=21 May 2014 }}, Juan March Foundation, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> Her father, Olinto Prati, a native of Longiana, Italy, and her mother, Hilda Usinger, from the Cañada de Gómez province of Santa Fe, were married around 1916. Her father had been a public accountant in Italy, though, in Argentina, he abandoned this profession and became a prominent textile industrialist, earning him the title, "The Cotton King" of Chaco. He also produced kaolin, wood fiber, chemical products, and owned several car dealerships (Ford, Renault, and IKA). His success in these industries provided him with financial assets integral in the creation and publication of ''Arturo'' magazine. As a child, Prati lived with her family in Chatara, Chaco where her father's business was based, though when she was 6, she lived with her grandparents for a year in Rimini, Italy where she learned Italian language and culture. In the 1930s, Prati and her sister Pierina began attending the religious boarding school, Nuestra Señora de la Misterordia, in Rosario. In 1936, at 15, Prati began school at the Instituto Inmaculado Corazón de Maria "Adoratrices", a traditional Catholic school in Buenos Aires. Shortly after her enrollment, she began living with her uncle Francisco Prati in a luxurious apartment building where she came into contact with culture, art, and music. In 1938, Prati received her teaching degree from Las Adoratrices, and in 1942 she moved back in with her parents who had recently moved from Chaco to Buenos Aires. In 1942 she had her first-ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="BA">[http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/areas/cultura/arteargentino/05ingles/04biografias_en/prati_en.php "Lidy Prati Biography"], Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> On 11 March in 1944, despite her parents' wishes, Prati married artist [[Tomás Maldonado]] with whom she had started taking art classes from two years prior.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Art & Art Maldonado Tomás|url=http://www.artandartcollection.com/en/artists/maldonado-tomas/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116131405/http://www.artandartcollection.com/en/artists/maldonado-tomas/|archive-date=16 November 2017|access-date=2017-11-15|website=www.artandartcollection.com|language=en-US}}</ref> For the next eight years, they participated in collaborations and exhibitions together. In 1952''',''' however''',''' Prati and Maldonado separated and she traveled to Europe with her parents where she studied Renaissance paintings and met with several artists including [[Georges Vantongerloo|George Vantongerloo]], [[Max Bill]], [[Giacomo Balla]], and [[Piero Dorazio]]. In 1954, Prati and Maldonado began their divorce proceedings, at which time Prati stopped painting, though she continued to draw. For the next part of her life, Prati had several different careers. She continued her artistic career by working as a graphic and layout designer. She also began to work as a clothing and jewelry designer. From 1971 to 2001, Prati worked for the Argentine Ministero Relaciones Exteriores. In the 1980s, she served as secretary to diplomatic directors of the Department of Western. She performed administrative tasks at the Ministero and in 1980 traveled to Tunisia. Prati worked as an art critic on a radio program from 1970 to 1974 and for the art magazine ''Artinf'', which she had co-founded with Silvia de Ambrosini, Odile Baron Supervielle, and Germaine Derbecq. Prati's life after divorcing Maldonado did not come without challenges. From 1960 on, Prati had several psychiatric episodes. In the early 1960s, she was hospitalized at Hospital Pirovano in Buenos Aires, and another time while she was in Tunisia. Prati also experienced unstable financial circumstances due to the loss of her family's business after the death of her father in 1964. Prati died on 19 August 2008, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Yente|title=Yente/Prati|date=2009|publisher=Malba, Fundación Constantini|others=Lidia Elena Prati, Adriana Lauria, María Amalia García, Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Fundación Eduardo F. Costantini|isbn=978-987-1271-22-1|location=Buenos Aires|oclc=645892432}}</ref> ==Career== Prati's artistic career began in 1944 when she began taking art classes with [[Tomás Maldonado|Thomás Maldonado]] after her cousin, María Victoria "Bimbi" Prati had met the young artist in a chance encounter. The basic drawing classes she took in school and Maldonado's classes would be the only were the only training she received, leading her to proclaim herself a self-taught artist. In 1942 she had her first ever exhibition at the Salon Peuser in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="BA" /> In 1944, Prati contributed her artwork to the one-time publication ''Arturo''. This publication was spearheaded by a group of artists, including [[Carmelo Arden Quin]], [[Gyula Kosice]], and [[Rhod Rothfuss]], Maldonado, Edgar Bayley, [[Joaquín Torres García]], [[Piet Mondrian]], and [[Wassily Kandinsky]]. These artists were among those with whom she had begun meeting with the previous year at the Café Rubí in Buenos Aires. Their publication of ''Arturo was'' partially funded by her father and it is now considered to be an important precursor to the avant-garde [[Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención]] and [[Madí]] art movements in Argentina.<ref name="Brit" /> These artists would later split into two separate groups; Quin, Kosice, and Rothfuss would form Madí and Maldonado the Concrete-Invention group, respectively.<ref name=":1" /> Throughout the 1940s, Prati participated in several exhibitions, collaborated with other concrete artists, and taught Concrete art and industrial design in Terezopolis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil with Maldonado.<ref name=":0" /> In 1945, Edgar Bayley labeled the Argentine response to the European [[Concrete art]] movement ''invencionismo''. This same group of artists that Bayley identified would later become the Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención art movement.<ref name="Amor">Amor, Monica. [https://www.academia.edu/7267385/Displaced_Boundaries_Geometric_Abstraction_from_Pictures_to_Objects "Displaced Boundaries: Geometric Abstraction from Pictures to Objects"], ''Academia.edu'', Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> In August 1946 Prati was one of the signatories of the ''Inventionist Manifesto'' that was published in the first edition of the group's magazine, ''Art Concreto.''<ref name="BA" /> In line with the abstract, non-figurative leanings of the Concrete-Inventionists, Prati's paintings during this period were highly abstract, geometric, and colorful. Indeed, a key influence on her aesthetic style was the minimalist [[Piet Mondrian]].<ref>Cotter, Holland. [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/28/arts/art-review-idealism-and-spirit-in-visions-of-modernism-south-american-style.html "Idealism in Spirit in Visions of Modernism, South American Style"] ''The New York Times'', Retrieved 17 September 2014.</ref> She also experimented with shaped canvases. In 1950 she participated in the ''Arte Concreto'' exhibition at the [[Instituto De Arte Moderno]] in Buenos Aires.<ref name="BA" /> In 1952, Prati traveled to Europe.<ref name=BA/> During this time she and Maldonado befriended the Swiss artist [[Max Bill]], who was an early practitioner of European Concrete art.<ref name=BA/> Max Bill believed that the Argentine artists were creating "true" concrete art and he was especially impressed with Prati's artwork, likely her ''Composición serial'' (Serial Composition, 1948).<ref name=":2" /> In 1952 Prati exhibited with the group in an exhibition entitled ''Grupo de Artistas Modernos de la Argentina'' that Pellegrini organized at the ''Viau Galería de Arte'' in Buenos Aires.<ref>[http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabid/88/doc/743086/language/en-US/Default.aspx] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011053/http://icaadocs.mfah.org/icaadocs/THEARCHIVE/FullRecord/tabid/88/doc/743086/language/en-US/Default.aspx |date=2 July 2018 }}, Museum of Fine Arts Houston, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> Much of Prati's work reflects the investigations of not just the AACI, but other concrete artists around the world including Max Bill and Georges Vanterlongoo. One major topic of discussion was the relationship between the background and the figure of a surface or artwork. Their two ideas for how to approach this was one, to make the background seem to vibrate as much as possible, or two, to blend the figure and the background. The first, more popular among the artists, is shown in three of Prati's works, ''Concret A4'' (1948), ''Composición serial'' (Serial Composition, 1948), ''Sin título'' (Untitled, ca.1948) [cat. 102] and ''Vibración al infinito'' (Endless Vibration, 1953). While each of these works uses repetition and the grouping of one geometric shape, the use of color creates instability and tension between the figure and the background. This technique was reflective of Prati's studies in Gestalt Throy, Ostwald's Theory, and color theory and helped her to achieve her goal of straining our scheme of visual perception.<ref name=":1" /> After her divorce with Maldonado in the mid-1950s, Prati abandoned painting in favor of graphic design, jewelry and textiles.<ref name="March" /> In 1963, Prati not only took part in but also designed the exhibition poster for ''20 Años de Arte Concreto'' (or "20 Years of Concrete Art") at the [[Buenos Aires Museum of Modern Art]].<ref name=BA/> In 1970, Prati co-founded the magazine ''Artinf'' with the artists Germaine Derbecq, Silvia de Ambrosini, and [[Odile Baron Supervielle]].<ref>[http://www.macba.com.ar/eng-bio.php?id=116 "Germaine Derbecq"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082029/http://www.macba.com.ar/eng-bio.php?id=116 |date= 4 March 2016 }}, MACBA, Retrieved 22 September 2014.</ref> ==Public collections== Prati's work can be found in a number of public collections, including: *[[Museum of Modern Art]]<ref>[http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A39621&page_number=&template_id=6&sort_order=1 "The Collection: Lidy Prati (Argentine, 1921-2008)"], The Museum of Modern Art, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> *Cisneros Fontanal Art Foundation (CIFO)<ref>[http://www.cifo.org/es/colecciones/coleccion-ella-fontanals-cisneros "Collection: Geometric Abstraction"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011030707/http://www.cifo.org/es/colecciones/coleccion-ella-fontanals-cisneros |date=11 October 2014 }}, CIFO, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> *[[MALBA]]<ref name=":2">[http://www.malba.org.ar/online/?idartista=162 "Lidy Prati 1921-2008"], Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Retrieved 21 September 2014.</ref> == Artwork == Artwork ''Untitled'', 1944 ''Concreto,'' 1945 ''Untitled,'' 1945 ''Composición Serial,'' 1948 ''Concret A4,'' 1948 ''Concrete No.2-B,'' 1948 ''Variaciones Sobre Distinto Fondo'', 1949 ''Estructura Vibracional Desde un Círculo, Serie B,'' 1951 ''Vibración al Infinito,'' 1953 ''Homenaje a Max Bill o Guatemala,'' 1954-1955 == Exhibitions == 1957 – "Pintores no-figurativos (elogio del pequeño formato)", Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires, 1 to 19 August. 1959 – "Primera exposición internacional de pintura de Punta del Este, Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay", Museo de Arte Moderno, Punta del Este, Uruguay. 1963 – "Del Arte Concreto a la nueva tendencia, Argentina 1944 – 1963", Museo de Arte Moderno, Buenos Aires. 1968 – "Arte Concreto-Invención, Sociedad Hebraica, Buenos Aires. 2nd Buffalo Festival of the Arts Today, Plus Times Minus: Today’s Half Century", Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo, New York, 3 March to 14 April. 1972 – "Homenaje a Mondrian", Galería Lirolay, Buenos Aires. 1976 – "Homenaje a la vanguardia del 40", Galería Arte Nuevo, Buenos Aires. 1980 – "Vanguardias de la década del 40, Arte Concreto – Invención, Arte Madi, Perceptismo", Museo Sivori, Buenos Aires, curated by Nelly Perazzo. 1991 – "Arte Concreto-Invención-Arte Madi, Argentinien 1945-1960", Haus für Konstruktive und Konkrete Kunst, Zürich, April to July. 1992 – "Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century", The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1994 – "Art from Argentina 1920 1994", Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, England. 1995 – "A cincuenta años de la Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención", Instituto Cultural Iberoamericano, Buenos Aires, July. 1996 – "El Espíritu de la Colmena", Centro Cultural Recoleta, Buenos Aires. 2001 – "Abstract Art from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires, and Montevideo, 1933 – 1953", The Americas Society, New York, 11 September to 9 December. 2002 – 2003 – "Arte Astratta Argentina", Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Bergamo, Italy, December to March 2003. 2004 – "Utopía de la forma. Espinosa, Girola, Hlito, Iommi, Lozza, Maldonado, Mele, Prati", Galería Del Infinito, Buenos Aires, inauguración 20 April. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Prati, Lidy}} [[Category:1921 births]] [[Category:2008 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine painters]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine artists]] [[Category:Argentine painters]] [[Category:Argentine graphic designers]] [[Category:Argentine women graphic designers]] [[Category:People from Resistencia, Chaco]] [[Category:20th-century Argentine women painters]]

1,301,292,531

[{"title": "Lidy Prati", "data": {"Born": "Lidia Prati \u00b7 1921 \u00b7 Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina", "Died": "2008 \u00b7 Buenos Aires, Argentina", "Known for": "Painting", "Style": "Abstract art"}}]

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# 2024 English cricket season The 2024 English cricket season commenced on 5 April and finished on 29 September 2024. It was the 124th season in which the County Championship has been an official competition and featured First-Class, List-A, and Twenty20 cricket competitions throughout England and Wales. For both men and women, the fourth edition of The Hundred was played from 23 July – 18 August 2024. ## International tours ### Pakistan men's tour In May 2024, Pakistan toured England to play four Twenty20 International (T20I) matches as part of their preparation for the 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. England won the series 2–0 with two matches being abandoned. ### West Indies men's tour In July 2024, West Indies toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won all three Tests with Gus Atkinson named player of the series after taking 22 wickets. ### Sri Lanka men's tour In August and September 2024, Sri Lanka toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won the series with victories in the first two Tests before Sri Lanka won the final Test at The Oval. ### Australia men's tour In September 2024, Australia toured England for three T20I and five One Day International matches. The T20I series was drawn 1–1 with one match abandoned before Australia secured a 3–2 victory in the ODI series. ### Pakistan women's tour The Pakistan women's team toured England in May to play three Women's One Day International (WODI) and three Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) matches. England won the WT20I series 3–0 before a 2–0 victory in the WODI series with one match abandoned. The WODI series formed part of the 2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship. ### New Zealand women's tour The New Zealand women's team toured England in June and July to play three WODI and five WT20I matches. England won the WODI series 3–0 and completed a clean sweep by triumphing 5–0 in the WT20Is. ## Domestic cricket ### County Championship The County Championship began on 5 April and finished on 29 September with each team playing 14 fixtures. Defending champions Surrey retained their title to complete a third consecutive championship win. Lancashire and Kent were relegated from Division One, with Sussex and Yorkshire earning promotion from Division Two. ### One-Day Cup The One-Day Cup ran from 24 July to 23 September with the counties separated into two groups of nine. Glamorgan defeated Somerset in the final, winning by 15 runs. ### T20 Blast The T20 Blast ran from 30 May until 14 September with the eighteen counties divided into two groups of nine - the North Group and the South Group. All four teams to reach finals day came from the South Group with Gloucestershire beating Somerset by eight wickets in the final. ### The Hundred The fourth season of The Hundred took place in July and August, with eight men's and eight women's teams competing. The Oval Invincibles defended the men's title with London Spirit securing a first title in the women's competition. ### Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy The Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy took place from 20 April to 21 September, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. The final took place on 21 September at Grace Road, Leicester. The Sunrisers won their first title, beating South East Stars. ### Charlotte Edwards Cup The Charlotte Edwards Cup took place from 18 May to 22 June, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. The Blaze beat South East Stars in the final by seven wickets. ### Women's County Cricket The Women's Twenty20 Cup took place from 26 May to 26 August, with four regional groups leading to national finals with Derbyshire winning the competition. ### National Counties Cricket The National Counties Cricket Championship title was shared between Berkshire and Staffordshire after the final ended in a draw. The NCCA Knockout Trophy was won by Norfolk who beat Cheshire in the final.

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2024 English cricket season

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{{Infobox domestic cricket season | tourney_name = English cricket season | year = 2024 | other_titles = | tournament1 = [[2024 County Championship|County Championship]] | champions1 = [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] | runnersup1 = [[Hampshire County Cricket Club|Hampshire]] | runs1 = | wickets1 = | tournament2 = [[2024 One-Day Cup|One-Day Cup]] | champions2 = [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club|Glamorgan]] | runnersup2 = [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] | runs2 = | wickets2 = | tournament3 = [[2024 T20 Blast|T20 Blast]] | champions3 = [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]] | runnersup3 = [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] | runs3 = | wickets3 = | tournament4 = [[2024 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy|Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy]] | champions4 = [[Sunrisers (women's cricket)|Sunrisers]] | runnersup4 = [[South East Stars]] | runs4 = | wickets4 = | tournament5 = [[2024 Charlotte Edwards Cup|Charlotte Edwards Cup]] | champions5 = [[The Blaze (women's cricket)|The Blaze]] | runnersup5 = [[South East Stars]] | runs5 = | wickets5 = | tournament6 = [[2024 season of The Hundred|The Hundred]] | champions6 = [[London Spirit]] (women's) [[Oval Invincibles]] (men's) | runnersup6 = [[Welsh Fire]] (women's) [[Southern Brave]] (men's) | runs6 = | wickets6 = | pca = | wisden = | prevseason = [[2023 English cricket season|2023]] | nextseason = [[2025 English cricket season|2025]] }} The '''2024 English cricket season''' commenced on 5 April and finished on 29 September 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |title=County Championship 2024 Champions Surrey to start season against Lancashire |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/67501078 |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=skysports.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=LV= County Championship 2024 fixtures |url=https://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12123/13013573/lv-county-championship-2024-fixtures-all-the-matches-in-next-years-competition |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=skysports.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ECB defends 'Super September' as 2024 County fixtures put season climax in spotlight |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ecb-defends-super-september-as-2024-county-fixtures-put-season-climax-in-spotlight-1410096 |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=ESPN CricInfo}}</ref> It was the 124th season in which the [[County Championship]] has been an official competition and featured [[First-class cricket|First-Class]], [[List A cricket|List-A]], and [[Twenty20]] cricket competitions throughout England and Wales. For both men and women, the fourth edition of [[The Hundred (cricket)|The Hundred]] was played from [[2024 The Hundred season|23 July – 18 August 2024]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hundred |url=https://www.thehundred.com/fixtures |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=www.thehundred.com |language=en}}</ref> ==International tours== ===Pakistan men's tour=== {{main|Pakistani cricket team in England in 2024}} In May 2024, Pakistan toured England to play four [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) matches as part of their preparation for the [[2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup]]. England won the series 2–0 with two matches being abandoned.<ref>{{cite web |first=Matthew |last=Henry |title=England thrash Pakistan in final World Cup warm-up |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c844px1qqqko |website=BBC Sport |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=30 May 2024}}</ref> ===West Indies men's tour=== {{main|West Indian cricket team in England in 2024}} In July 2024, West Indies toured England to play three [[Test cricket|Test]] matches which formed part of the [[2023–2025 World Test Championship|2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship]]. England won all three Tests with [[Gus Atkinson]] named player of the series after taking 22 wickets.<ref>{{cite web |first=Timothy |last=Abraham |title=Wood takes five as England win third Test |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/cv2g913l11lo |website=BBC Sport |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=28 July 2024}}</ref> ===Sri Lanka men's tour=== {{main|Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2024}} In August and September 2024, Sri Lanka toured England to play three Test matches which formed part of the 2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship. England won the series with victories in the first two Tests before Sri Lanka won the final Test at [[The Oval]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Valkerie |last=Baynes |title=Pathum Nissanka, fast bowlers script famous win for Sri Lanka |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sri-lanka-in-england-2024-1385672/england-vs-sri-lanka-3rd-test-1385696/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=9 September 2024}}</ref> ===Australia men's tour=== {{main|Australian cricket team in England in 2024}} In September 2024, Australia toured England for three T20I and five [[One Day International]] matches. The T20I series was drawn 1–1 with one match abandoned before Australia secured a 3–2 victory in the ODI series.<ref>{{cite web |first=Andrew |last=McGlashan |title=Head, Short ensure Australia beat England and the rain to take series |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-in-england-2024-1385674/england-vs-australia-5th-odi-1385704/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=29 September 2024}}</ref> ===Pakistan women's tour=== {{main|Pakistan women's cricket team in England in 2024}} The Pakistan women's team toured England in May to play three [[Women's One Day International]] (WODI) and three [[Women's Twenty20 International]] (WT20I) matches. England won the WT20I series 3–0 before a 2–0 victory in the WODI series with one match abandoned.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Andrew |title=Nat Sciver-Brunt century drives England to imposing 178-run victory |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pakistan-women-in-england-2024-1398242/england-women-vs-pakistan-women-3rd-odi-1398273/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=29 May 2024}}</ref> The WODI series formed part of the [[2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship]]. ===New Zealand women's tour=== {{main|New Zealand women's cricket team in England in 2024}} The New Zealand women's team toured England in June and July to play three WODI and five WT20I matches. England won the WODI series 3–0 and completed a clean sweep by triumphing 5–0 in the WT20Is.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wynne |first1=Ffion |title=England beat New Zealand to end home summer undefeated |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c4ng9d8e3y0o |website=BBC Sport |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=17 July 2024}}</ref> ==Domestic cricket== ===County Championship=== {{main|2024 County Championship}} The [[County Championship]] began on 5 April and finished on 29 September with each team playing 14 fixtures. Defending champions [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] retained their title to complete a third consecutive championship win. [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] and [[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]] were relegated from Division One, with [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]] and [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]] earning promotion from Division Two.<ref>{{cite web |title=Surrey lift 2024 Vitality County Championship trophy |url=https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/4136690/surrey-lift-2024-vitality-county-championship-trophy?_gl=1*1i4n0vl*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTg0MjI2MDIzLjE3Mjc3NzgwNjk.*_ga_RB2BVD5EKH*MTcyNzc3ODA2OC4xLjEuMTcyNzc3ODA5OS4wLjAuMA..*_ga_E3D3L0MGDX*MTcyNzc3ODA2OC4xLjEuMTcyNzc3ODA5OS4wLjAuMA.. |website=ECB |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=30 September 2024}}</ref> ===One-Day Cup=== {{main|2024 One-Day Cup}} The [[One-Day Cup (England)|One-Day Cup]] ran from 24 July to 23 September with the counties separated into two groups of nine. [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club|Glamorgan]] defeated [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] in the final, winning by 15 runs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Northeast stars as Glamorgan hold off Somerset to lift One-Day Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/one-day-cup-2024-1415079/glamorgan-vs-somerset-final-1415156/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=23 September 2024}}</ref> ===T20 Blast=== {{main|2024 T20 Blast}} The [[T20 Blast]] ran from 30 May until 14 September with the eighteen counties divided into two groups of nine - the North Group and the South Group. All four teams to reach finals day came from the South Group with [[Gloucestershire County Cricket Club|Gloucestershire]] beating Somerset by eight wickets in the final.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gardner |first1=Alan |title=Gloucestershire break Blast hoodoo in style with eight-wicket rout of Somerset |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/t20-blast-2024-1410370/somerset-vs-gloucestershire-final-1410502/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=14 September 2024}}</ref> ===The Hundred=== {{main|2024 season of The Hundred}} The fourth season of [[The Hundred (cricket)|The Hundred]] took place in July and August, with eight men's and eight women's teams competing. The [[Oval Invincibles]] defended the men's title with [[London Spirit]] securing a first title in the women's competition.<ref>{{cite news |title=Oval Invincibles retain men’s Hundred crown as London Spirit clinch women’s trophy |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket/the-hundred-final-results-oval-invincibles-b2598141.html |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=The Independent |date=18 August 2024}}</ref> ===Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy=== {{main|2024 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy}} The [[Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy]] took place from 20 April to 21 September, with eight regional teams competing in a [[Round-robin tournament|round-robin]] group. The final took place on 21 September at [[Grace Road]], Leicester. The [[Sunrisers (women's cricket)|Sunrisers]] won their first title, beating [[South East Stars]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Coppack, Griffith star as Sunrisers claim maiden silverware |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/rachael-heyhoe-flint-trophy-2024-1427805/sunrisers-vs-south-east-stars-final-1427864/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=21 September 2024}}</ref> ===Charlotte Edwards Cup=== {{main|2024 Charlotte Edwards Cup}} The [[Charlotte Edwards Cup]] took place from 18 May to 22 June, with eight regional teams competing in a round-robin group. [[The Blaze (women's cricket)|The Blaze]] beat South East Stars in the final by seven wickets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bryce sisters star as Blaze lift Charlotte Edwards Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/charlotte-edwards-cup-2024-1410505/the-blaze-vs-south-east-stars-final-1410550/match-report |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=22 June 2024}}</ref> ===Women's County Cricket=== {{details|2024 Women's Twenty20 Cup}} The [[Women's Twenty20 Cup]] took place from 26 May to 26 August, with four regional groups leading to national finals with [[Derbyshire Women cricket team|Derbyshire]] winning the competition.<ref>{{cite web |title=Derbyshire Women Crowned National T20 Winners 2024 |url=https://dcfcricket.com/2024/08/derbyshire-women-crowned-national-t20-winners-2024/ |website=Derbyshire County Cricket Club |access-date=1 October 2024}}</ref> ===National Counties Cricket=== The [[National Counties Cricket Championship]] title was shared between [[Berkshire County Cricket Club|Berkshire]] and [[Staffordshire County Cricket Club|Staffordshire]] after the final ended in a draw.<ref>{{cite web |title=Durant Cricket NCCA Championship Final 2024: Day Four - Review |url=https://nationalcountiesca.co.uk/news/durantCricketNccaChampionshipFinal2024DayFourReview |website=NCCA |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=4 September 2024}}</ref> The [[NCCA Knockout Trophy]] was won by [[Norfolk County Cricket Club|Norfolk]] who beat [[Cheshire County Cricket Club|Cheshire]] in the final.<ref>{{cite web |title=Norfolk beat Cheshire in NCCA Trophy final at Wormsley |url=https://www.norfolkcricket.co.uk/norfolk-beat-cheshire-in-ncca-trophy-final-at-wormsley/ |website=Norfolk Cricket Board |access-date=1 October 2024 |date=25 August 2024}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{2024 English cricket season}} {{English cricket seasons}} [[Category:English cricket seasons in the 21st century]] [[Category:2024 in English cricket| ]] [[Category:2024 in English women's cricket| ]]

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# Þráinn Bertelsson Þráinn Bertelsson (born 30 November 1944) is an Icelandic film director, writer, politician, journalist and newspaper editor. He moved into politics during the 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis, and was elected a member of the Althing in 2009, initially for the Citizens' Movement. He later left the party to become an independent MP, before joining the Left-Green Movement, which he currently represents. ## Film production Þráinn has written, directed and produced seven feature films. His 1981 film Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni (English title: The Twins) won a Silver Award at the 1982 Giffoni Film Festival. His 1989 film Magnús was nominated for two European Film Awards, for best picture and best script, and received the 1990 DV Cultural Prize in Iceland. He was a co-founder of Norðan 8 and in 1982 founded his own film company, Nýtt líf (New Life Ltd.). He served a year as chairman of The Association of Icelandic Film Directors. ## Writing Þráinn has written columns for Iceland's largest newspaper, Fréttablaðið, and his autobiographical Einhvers konar ég (English: Some Kind of Me) sold more than 20,000 copies in Iceland. He has also translated several of the novels of Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. In 1987–1988, Þráinn was the editor of the newspaper Þjóðviljinn, and in 1990 of the magazine Hesturinn okkar. His 1984 book Hundrað ára afmælið won the Children's Literature Prize of the Reykjavík Board of Education. He has also written three darkly comic crime novels: Dauðans óvissi tími (Death's Uncertain Hour, 2004), Valkyrjur (Valkyries, 2005), and Englar dauðans (Angels of Death, 2007). From 1992 to 1994, he was chairman of The Writer's Union of Iceland. ## Politics Þráinn has been a member of the Althing since 2009, initially representing the Citizens' Movement party. On 14 August 2009 he left the party, choosing to sit as an independent. He is now sitting with the Left Green Party. ## Personal He is married to Sólveig Eggertsdóttir, an artist who heads a department at the Iceland Art Academy. They have two children and live in Reykjavík. ## Filmography - Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni; English title: The Twins (1981) - Ég mundi segja hó (TV movie) (1982) - Nýtt líf (1983) - Dalalíf (1984) - Skammdegi (1985) - Löggulíf (1985) - Magnús (1989) - Einkalíf (1995) - Sigla himinfley (TV miniseries) (1996)[citation needed] ## Bibliography - Sunnudagur (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1970) - Stefnumót í Dublin (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1971) - Kópamaros : skáldsaga um óunninn sigur (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1972) - Paradísarvíti : endurminningarþættir sem sjálfur hefur saman skrifað greifinn Yon d'islande, fæddur Jón Dísland, Bakka (nú Sólbakka) í Eyjafjarðarsýslu, Íslandi (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1974) - Svartur markaður : sakamálaleikrit í 6 þáttum, with Gunnar Gunnarsson (1978) - Hundrað ára afmælið, illustrated by Brian Pilkington (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1984) - Það var og - : 33 útvarpsþættir (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1985) - Tungumál fuglanna (published under the pseudonym Tómas Davíðsson) (Reykjavík : Svart á hvítu, 1987) - Magnús : kvikmyndahandrit (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1990) - Laddi (Reykjavík : Líf og saga, 1991) - Sigla himinfley, illustrated by Snorri Freyr Hilmarsson (Reykjavík : Skjaldborg, 1992) - Vinir og kunningjar : óvenjulegar frásagnir af venjulegu fólki (Reykjavík : Dægradvöl, 1996) - Einhvers konar ég (Reykjavík : JPV, 2003) - My self & I, trans. by Hallberg Hallmundsson (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) - Bertels Sohn : ein Leben in Island, trans. by Maike Hannek (München : Rogner & Bernhard, 2011) - Dauðans óvissi tími (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) - Valkyrjur (Reykjavík : JPV, 2005) - Walküren, trans. by Tina Flecken (München : Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2008) - Englar dauðans (Reykjavík : JPV, 2007) - Höllenengel, trans. by Maike Hanneck (München : Deutsche Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010) - Höllenengel : ein Island-Krimi, trans. by Maike Hanneck (Köln : Lingen, 2012) - Ég ef mig skyldi kalla : seinþroskasaga (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2008) - Fallið : fjölskylduleyndarmál (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2011)[citation needed]

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enwiki

5,727,794

Þráinn Bertelsson

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%A1inn_Bertelsson

2025-06-09T09:14:02Z

en

Q200619

50,866

{{Short description|Icelandic politician}} {{BLP sources|date=March 2011}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{icelandic name|Þráinn|male}} {{Infobox person | name = Þráinn Bertelsson | birth_date = 30 November 1944 | nationality = Icelandic | occupation = Film director, writer, politician, journalist, newspaper editor }} '''Þráinn Bertelsson''' (born 30 November 1944) is an [[Iceland]]ic [[film director]], [[writer]], [[politician]], [[journalist]] and [[newspaper editor]]. He moved into politics during the [[2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis]], and was elected a member of the [[Althing]] in 2009, initially for the [[Citizens' Movement (Iceland)|Citizens' Movement]]. He later left the party to become an independent [[Member of parliament|MP]], before joining the [[Left-Green Movement]], which he currently represents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.althingi.is/cv_en.php4?ksfaerslunr=123|title=CV at Althing's official web site|accessdate=4 March 2011}}</ref> ==Film production== Þráinn has written, directed and produced seven feature films. His 1981 film ''[[Jón Oddur & Jón bjarni (film)|Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni]]'' (English title: ''The Twins'') won a Silver Award at the 1982 [[Giffoni Film Festival]].<ref name="Bokmenntir">[http://www.bokmenntir.is/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-3949/6069_read-19018/RSkra-130RSkra-130 Þráinn Bertelsson: Verðlaun og viðurkenningar], Bókmenntir.is, [[Reykjavík City Library]] {{in lang|is}}</ref><ref>[http://www.icelandicfilmcentre.is/Icelandic-Films/Features/moreicelandicfilms/nr/1893 The Twins], More Icelandic films, [[Icelandic Film Centre]].</ref> His 1989 film ''[[Magnús (film)|Magnús]]'' was nominated for two [[European Film Award]]s, for best picture and best script, and received the 1990 DV Cultural Prize in Iceland.<ref name="Borgar">[http://100.bokmenntir.is/rithofundur.asp_cat_id=895&author_id=108&lang=8 Þráinn Bertelsson]{{dead link|date=May 2025}}, Icelandic Literature, Reykjavík City Library</ref><ref>[http://www.icelandicfilmcentre.is/Icelandic-Films/Features/moreicelandicfilms/nr/2041 Magnús], More Icelandic films, Icelandic Film Centre.</ref> He was a co-founder of Norðan 8 and in 1982 founded his own film company, Nýtt líf (New Life Ltd.). He served a year as chairman of The Association of Icelandic Film Directors.<ref name=Borgar/> ==Writing== Þráinn has written columns for Iceland's largest newspaper, ''[[Fréttablaðið]]'', and his autobiographical ''Einhvers konar ég'' ({{langx|en|Some Kind of Me}}) sold more than 20,000 copies in Iceland.{{Citation needed|date=May 2007}} He has also translated several of the novels of [[Maj Sjöwall]] and [[Per Wahlöö]]. In 1987–1988, Þráinn was the editor of the newspaper ''[[Þjóðviljinn]]'', and in 1990 of the magazine ''Hesturinn okkar''.<ref name=Borgar/> His 1984 book ''Hundrað ára afmælið'' won the Children's Literature Prize of the Reykjavík Board of Education.<ref name=Bokmenntir/> He has also written three darkly comic crime novels: ''[[Dauðans óvissi tími]]'' (''Death's Uncertain Hour'', 2004), ''Valkyrjur'' (''Valkyries'', 2005), and ''Englar dauðans'' (''Angels of Death'', 2007). From 1992 to 1994, he was chairman of The Writer's Union of Iceland.<ref name=Borgar/> ==Politics== Þráinn has been a member of the [[Althing]] since 2009, initially representing the [[Citizens' Movement (Iceland)|Citizens' Movement]] party. On 14 August 2009 he left the party, choosing to sit as an independent. He is now sitting with the [[Left-Green Movement|Left Green Party]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} ==Personal== He is married to Sólveig Eggertsdóttir, an artist who heads a department at the Iceland Art Academy. They have two children and live in [[Reykjavík]].<ref name=Borgar/> ==Filmography== *''[[Jón Oddur & Jón bjarni (film)|Jón Oddur & Jón Bjarni]]''; English title: ''The Twins'' (1981) *''[[Ég mundi segja hó]]'' (TV movie) (1982) *''[[Nýtt líf]]'' (1983) *''[[Dalalíf]]'' (1984) *''[[Skammdegi]]'' (1985) *''[[Löggulíf]]'' (1985) *''[[Magnús (film)|Magnús]]'' (1989) *''[[Einkalíf]]'' (1995) *''[[Sigla himinfley]]'' (TV miniseries) (1996){{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} ==Bibliography== * ''Sunnudagur'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1970) * ''Stefnumót í Dublin'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1971) * ''Kópamaros : skáldsaga um óunninn sigur'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1972) * ''Paradísarvíti : endurminningarþættir sem sjálfur hefur saman skrifað greifinn Yon d'islande, fæddur Jón Dísland, Bakka (nú Sólbakka) í Eyjafjarðarsýslu, Íslandi'' (Reykjavík : Helgafell, 1974) * ''Svartur markaður : sakamálaleikrit í 6 þáttum'', with Gunnar Gunnarsson (1978) * ''Hundrað ára afmælið'', illustrated by Brian Pilkington (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1984) * ''Það var og - : 33 útvarpsþættir'' (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1985) * ''Tungumál fuglanna'' (published under the pseudonym Tómas Davíðsson) (Reykjavík : Svart á hvítu, 1987) * ''Magnús : kvikmyndahandrit'' (Reykjavík : Nýtt líf, 1990) * ''Laddi'' (Reykjavík : Líf og saga, 1991) * ''Sigla himinfley'', illustrated by Snorri Freyr Hilmarsson (Reykjavík : Skjaldborg, 1992) * ''Vinir og kunningjar : óvenjulegar frásagnir af venjulegu fólki'' (Reykjavík : Dægradvöl, 1996) * ''Einhvers konar ég'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2003) ** ''My self & I'', trans. by Hallberg Hallmundsson (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) ** ''Bertels Sohn : ein Leben in Island'', trans. by Maike Hannek (München : Rogner & Bernhard, 2011) * ''[[Dauðans óvissi tími]]'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2004) * ''Valkyrjur'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2005) ** ''Walküren'', trans. by Tina Flecken (München : Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2008) * ''Englar dauðans'' (Reykjavík : JPV, 2007) ** ''Höllenengel'', trans. by Maike Hanneck (München : Deutsche Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010) ** ''Höllenengel : ein Island-Krimi'', trans. by Maike Hanneck (Köln : Lingen, 2012) * ''Ég ef mig skyldi kalla : seinþroskasaga'' (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2008) * ''Fallið : fjölskylduleyndarmál'' (Reykjavík : Sögur, 2011){{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb name|0077881|Þráinn Bertelsson}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bertelsson, Thrainn}} [[Category:1944 births]] [[Category:21st-century Icelandic novelists|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Citizens' Movement (Iceland) politicians|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Icelandic male novelists|Thrainn Bertelsson]] [[Category:Left-Green Movement politicians|Thrainn Bertelsson]]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Members of the Althing 2009–2013|Thrainn Bertelsson]]] [[Category:The Movement (Iceland) politicians|Thrainn Bertelsson]]

1,294,703,568

[{"title": "\u00der\u00e1inn Bertelsson", "data": {"Born": "30 November 1944", "Nationality": "Icelandic", "Occupation(s)": "Film director, writer, politician, journalist, newspaper editor"}}]

false

# Macropsia Macropsia is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear larger than normal, causing the person to feel smaller than they actually are. Macropsia, along with its opposite condition, micropsia, can be categorized under dysmetropsia. Macropsia is related to other conditions dealing with visual perception, such as aniseikonia and Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS, also known as Todd's syndrome). Macropsia has a wide range of causes, from prescription and illicit drugs, to migraines and (rarely) complex partial epilepsy, and to different retinal conditions, such as epiretinal membrane. Physiologically, retinal macropsia results from the compression of cones in the eye. It is the compression of receptor distribution that results in greater stimulation and thus a larger perceived image of an object. ## Signs and symptoms The most obvious symptom of macropsia is the presence of exceptionally enlarged objects throughout the visual field. For example, a young girl might see her sister's books as the same size as her sister. Stemming from this symptom, someone with macropsia may feel undersized in relation to their surrounding environment. Patients with macropsia have also noted the cessation of auditory function prior to the onset of visual hallucination, indicating possible seizure either before or after the hallucination. A buzzing sound in the ears has also been reported immediately before macropsia development. Some patients claim that symptoms may be eased if an attempt is made to physically touch the object which appears enormous in size. It is important to note, however, that patients typically remain lucid and alert throughout episodes, being able to recount specific details. A person with macropsia may have no psychiatric conditions. Symptoms caused chemically by drugs such as cannabis, magic mushrooms, or cocaine tend to dissipate after the chemical compound has been excreted from the body. Those who acquire macropsia as a symptom of a virus usually experience complete recovery and restoration of normal vision. Dysmetropsia in one eye, a case of aniseikonia, can present with symptoms such as headaches, asthenopia, reading difficulties, depth perception problems, or double vision. The visual distortion can cause uncorrelated images to stimulate corresponding retinal regions simultaneously impairing fusion of the images. Without suppression of one of the images symptoms from mild poor stereopsis, binocular diplopia and intolerable rivalry can occur. ### Psychological effects There are a broad range of psychological and emotional effects that a person with macropsia may experience. One competing theory has radically stated that macropsia may be an entirely psychological pathological phenomenon without any structural defect or definite cause. They may be in an irritable or angry state, or in contrast, a euphoric state. There is evidence that those who experience Alice in Wonderland Syndrome and associated macropsia are able to recount their experiences with thorough detail. There may be no evidence of psychiatric disturbance and, as a result, no psychiatric therapy may be required. Psychological conditions often arise from macropsia, but the general consensus is that they do not cause macropsia. Those affected may experience extreme anxiety both during and after episodes as a result of the overwhelming nature of their distorted visual field. Due to the fear and anxiety associated with the condition, those who have previously had an episode hesitate to recount the episode, although retain the ability to do so. Psychologically, a person with macropsia may feel separation and dissociation from the outside world and even from immediate family. This feeling of dissociation has mostly been noted in child or adolescent patients. The patient may feel that they must unfairly contend with hostile and aggressive forces due to the gigantic nature of the surrounding environment. The defense against said forces is usually expressed verbally. The patient may falsely present an outgoing or flamboyant persona, while remaining fearful of people internally. They, in an attempt to balance the size distortion, may try to make others feel small in size through insult or hostile behavior. The psychological impact of macropsia on long-term sufferers or people who have had the condition since childhood may be greater and lead to severe ego-deficiencies. An alternative interpretation of the condition is that macropsia is a response to biophysiological contraction and has no psychological roots. Thus, when a patient reaches for an enlarged object, they are overcoming that physiological contraction. However, this theory has been under much scrutiny. ## Causes ### Structural defects In cases where macropsia affects one eye resulting in differences in the way the two eyes perceive the size or shape of images, the condition is known as aniseikonia. Aniseikonia is known to be associated with certain retinal conditions. Epiretinal membrane has been found to cause metamorphopsia and aniseikonia. Vitreomacular traction caused by the excessive adhesion of vitreous fluid to the retina is related to aniseikonia due to the separation and compression of photoreceptor cells. Macular edema and surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can also cause an increased separation of macular photoreceptor cells resulting in dysmetropsia. Retinoschisis is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia. There is evidence that a lesion appearing in the posterior area of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway can cause macropsia. This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction. ### Medications The most prevalent research on prescription drugs with side effects of macropsia deals with zolpidem and citalopram. Zolpidem is a drug prescribed for insomnia, and although it has proven beneficial effects, there have been numerous reported cases of adverse perceptual reactions. One of these cases discusses an anorexic woman's episode of macropsia, which occurred twenty minutes after taking 10 mg zolpidem. The same woman later had two more episodes of zolpidem-induced macropsia, after taking 5 mg and 2.5 mg zolpidem, respective to each episode. The intensity of the macropsia episodes decreased with the decreasing amount of zolpidem administered; it is implied in the article that the level of intensity was based on the patients accounts of her macropsia episodes, and that no external diagnosis was used. Hoyler points out notable similarities among the different reported cases of zolpidem-induced disorganization. The similarities were that all the cases were reported by women, the disorganization and agitation followed the first administration of zolpidem, and once zolpidem was discontinued, there were no lasting residual effects. It is believed that zolpidem-related macropsia is more prevalent in women because plasma zolpidem concentration is 40% higher in women, a concentration that further increases in anorexic women. Citalopram-induced macropsia is similar to zolpidem-induced macropsia since both types have been observed in relatively few cases, and neither of the drugs' side effects can be supported by experimental evidence. Citalopram is an antidepressant that inhibits serotonin reuptake. The first case of macropsia thought to be induced by citalopram involves a woman who experienced macropsia after her first administration of 10 mg citalopram. Just as with zolpidem, after the immediate discontinuation of citalopram, there were no further episodes of macropsia. ### Illicit drugs There are suggestions that visual distortions, such as macropsia, can be associated with cocaine use. Episodes of temporary drug-induced macropsia subside as the chemicals leave the body. ### Migraine Past research has linked macropsia to migraine. One of these studies was conducted on Japanese adolescents who reported visual episodic illusions with macropsia and showed that illusions are three times more likely to occur in association with migraine. The illusions were most prevalent among girls between the ages of 16 and 18. It is unlikely that macropsia in Japanese adolescents could be due to epileptic seizure since only 0.3% of Japanese adolescents have epilepsy. No evidence of drugs was found, which eliminates the possibility of the macropsia in the adolescents being drug-induced. It is also unlikely for macropsia in adolescent children to be associated with a serious disease. It is usually the macropsia or other visual disturbance which precedes the painful migrainous headaches. The episodes of macropsia can occur as part of the aura in a migraine. These episodes are often brief, lasting only a few minutes. Adolescents who are deemed to have multiple distortions per episode, such as slow motion vision and macropsia, are even more likely to be people with migraine. The macropsia episodes associated with migraine are typically equivalent to the duration of the aura, which can range from moments to 15 minutes. Non-migrainous headaches are not known to be associated with episodic illusions. Even in the absence of a migraine, a fever or a hypnogogic state can provoke visual illusions, which one might claim to be macropsia. A person with macropsia may fail to see the connection between the migraine and the macropsia, since the conditions may not elicit symptoms at the same time. The pathophysiology of the condition is not fully understood, but the timing of some episodic occurrences with the headaches suggests that there is a connection between macropsia and the vasoconstrictive phase of a migraine. The differences in visual phenomena, such as macropsia with slow motion versus macropsia without slow motion, may result from different areas of the brain being affected by migraine. ### Epilepsy Macropsia may present itself as a symptom of both frontal lobe epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy, which may actually help in the diagnosis of those diseases. Children who experience nocturnal hallucinations accompanied by macropsia may seek medical care for panic attack disorders and instead are diagnosed with forms of epilepsy. Epilepsy patients may have no memory of the seizure, but can remember the hallucinations and aura which proceed the attack. Electroencephalography, or EEG imaging, can then be utilized while the patient experiences the episode. It may be subsequently concluded that the EEG is congruent with temporal or frontal lobe seizure. Anxiety and headaches accompany the episodes of visual distortion associated with epilepsy. While Valproic acid has been used to treat this type of seizure, anti-seizure medications appropriate for focal-onset seizures, like oxcarbazapine, have also been used successfully in the treatment of epilepsy-related macropsia. ### Hypoglycaemia Endogenous hypoglycaemia can result in number of visual disturbances and sometimes macropsia. This kind of hypoglycaemia is defined as having an abnormally low blood-sugar level due to anything other than the exogenous administration of insulin. Macropsia has been observed in experimental hypoglycaemia and in patients receiving insulin therapy. ### Viruses Patients with both Epstein-Barr virus and infectious mononucleosis have cited an increase in the sizes of perceived objects, coinciding with other symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome. Additionally, it has been observed that Epstein-Barr patients who cite hallucinations display abnormal MRI scans. The MRI may show swelling of the cerebral cortex, transient T2 prolongation, and transient lesions. Unlike in MRI's, no abnormalities have been reported in CT scans. It is thus recommended that an Epstein-Barr patient who cites visual hallucinations have an MRI scan. Macropsia may appear either before the onset, or after the resolution, of all clinical symptoms associated with the illness. The duration of the disturbances have been shown to range between two weeks and seven months. Almost all patients with macropsia due to infectious mononucleosis make full recoveries. Patients with Coxsackievirus B1 have reported numerous symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, the most common of which being macropsia and micropsia. ## Pathophysiology Macropsia may be a result of optical magnification differences between the eyes, retinal receptor distribution, or the cortical processing of the sampled image. The current hypothesis for the occurrence of dysmetropsia is due to the stretching or compression of the retina leading to the displacement of receptors. Macropsia arises from a compressed receptor distribution leading to a larger perceived image size and conversely, micropsia results from stretching of the retina leading to a more sparse receptor distribution that gives a smaller perceived image size. In the case of macropsia, the greater density of photoreceptor cells leads to greater stimulation making the object seem larger. In some cases, the effects of macropsia have been shown to be field dependent, in that the degree of visual distortion is related to the visual field angle. Non-uniform stretching or compression of the receptor distribution could explain the field dependency of the macropsia. If the compression forces were closer to the fovea the resulting compression would cause a greater amount of macropsia at lower field angles with little effect at higher field angles where the receptor distribution is not as compressed. Alterations in receptor distribution can be the result of epiretinal membrane, neuroretina detachment and/or re-attachment, or retinoschisis. Macropsia caused by surgical re-attachment of macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is not symmetrical around the fovea, resulting in differences size changes in the horizontal and vertical meridians. Asymmetry has also been observed with retinoschisis, in which macropsia generally results in the vertical direction while micropsia presents in the horizontal direction. ## Diagnosis Macropsia is generally diagnosed once a patient complains of the characteristic symptoms, such as disproportionally large objects in their visual field. The Amsler Grid test can be used to diagnose macropsia, along with other visual maladies depending on the subjective disturbance reported by the patient after looking at the Amsler Grid. Outward bulging of the lines on an Amsler Grid is consistent with patients experiencing macropsisa. The New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) can quantify the degree of macropsia or micropsia independently in the vertical and horizontal meridians. The test consists of red and green semicircles on a black background with a white round fixation target. The size of the red semicircle is held constant while the green semicircle is varied in size in 1% increments. The patient wears a pair of red/green goggles so that one eye is tested at a time, and the patient attempts to determine when the semicircles are the same size. This is termed the reversal threshold and the size difference between the semicircles is reported as the degree of aniseikonia. A positive value indicates that the object was perceived bigger and thus corresponds to macropsia, and conversely a negative value indicates micropsia. The Aniseikonia Inspector contains an aniseikonia test based on the same principles as the NAT, but the test is run on a computer screen, it is based on a forced choice method, and it can measure the size difference as a function of the size of the objects. The functionality of being able to measure the size difference as function of the size (i.e. field dependent testing) is especially important when the macropsia (or micropsia) has a retinal origin. ## Treatment The most common way to treat forms of aniseikonia, including macropsia, is through the use of auxiliary optics to correct for the magnification properties of the eyes. This method includes changing the shape of spectacle lenses, changing the vertex distances with contact lenses, creating a weak telescope system with contact lenses and spectacles, and changing the power of one of the spectacle lenses. Computer software, such as the Aniseikonia Inspector, has been developed to determine the prescription needed to correct for a certain degree of aniseikonia. The problem with correction through optical means is that the optics do not vary with field angle and thus cannot compensate for non-uniform macropsia. Patients have reported significantly improved visual comfort associated with a correction of 5-10% of the aniseikonia. With regard to drug-induced or virus-induced macropsia, once the underlying problem, either drug abuse or viral infection, is treated, the induced macropsia ceases. ## Research Future research may focus on ways to limit the occurrence of retinally-induced macropsia due to surgery. In terms of treatment, the most effective optical correction is still being researched with respect to visual field angles and direction to a target. The susceptibility of certain age demographics to macropsia is a subject that requires further validation. Overall, there have not been very many reports of macropsia induced by certain drugs, specifically zolpidem and citalopram. Once a larger effort is made to compile such reports, there will inevitably be more research on the subject of macropsia.

enwiki/188523

enwiki

188,523

Macropsia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macropsia

2025-04-12T23:44:14Z

en

Q614763

100,758

{{Infobox medical condition (new) | name = Macropsia | image = | caption = || synonyms = Megalopia | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} '''Macropsia''' is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear larger than normal, causing the person to feel smaller than they actually are. Macropsia, along with its opposite condition, [[micropsia]], can be categorized under [[dysmetropsia]]. Macropsia is related to other conditions dealing with [[visual perception]], such as [[aniseikonia]] and Alice in Wonderland Syndrome ([[AIWS]], also known as Todd's syndrome). Macropsia has a wide range of causes, from prescription and illicit drugs, to [[migraines]] and (rarely) complex partial epilepsy, and to different retinal conditions, such as [[epiretinal membrane]].<ref name=deWitMuraki /> Physiologically, retinal macropsia results from the compression of cones in the eye. It is the compression of receptor distribution that results in greater stimulation and thus a larger perceived image of an object. ==Signs and symptoms== The most obvious [[symptom]] of macropsia is the presence of exceptionally enlarged objects throughout the visual field. For example, a young girl might see her sister's books as the same size as her sister. Stemming from this [[symptom]], someone with macropsia may feel undersized in relation to their surrounding environment. Patients with macropsia have also noted the cessation of auditory function prior to the onset of visual [[hallucination]], indicating possible [[seizure]] either before or after the hallucination.<ref name=schneck /> A buzzing sound in the ears has also been reported immediately before macropsia development. Some patients claim that symptoms may be eased if an attempt is made to physically touch the object which appears enormous in size.<ref name=schneck>Macropsia. Schneck JM. Am J Psychiatry 121:1123-1124, May 1965 {{doi|10.1176/appi.ajp.121.11.1123}}</ref> It is important to note, however, that patients typically remain lucid and alert throughout episodes, being able to recount specific details. A person with macropsia may have no psychiatric conditions. Symptoms caused chemically by drugs such as [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]], [[magic mushrooms]], or [[cocaine]] tend to dissipate after the chemical compound has been excreted from the body. Those who acquire macropsia as a symptom of a [[virus]] usually experience complete recovery and restoration of normal [[Visual perception|vision]].{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} [[Dysmetropsia]] in one eye, a case of aniseikonia, can present with symptoms such as [[headaches]], [[asthenopia]], reading difficulties, [[depth perception]] problems, or [[double vision]].<ref name=deWit /> The visual distortion can cause uncorrelated images to stimulate corresponding retinal regions simultaneously impairing fusion of the images. Without suppression of one of the images symptoms from mild poor [[stereopsis]], binocular [[diplopia]] and intolerable rivalry can occur.<ref name=Ugarte /> === Psychological effects === There are a broad range of psychological and emotional effects that a person with macropsia may experience. One competing theory has radically stated that macropsia may be an entirely [[psychological]] [[pathological]] phenomenon without any structural defect or definite cause.<ref name=rob /> They may be in an irritable or angry state, or in contrast, a [[euphoria|euphoric]] state. There is evidence that those who experience [[Alice in Wonderland Syndrome]] and associated macropsia are able to recount their experiences with thorough detail. There may be no evidence of [[psychiatric]] disturbance and, as a result, no psychiatric therapy may be required.<ref name=golden /> Psychological conditions often arise from macropsia, but the general consensus is that they do not cause macropsia. Those affected may experience extreme [[anxiety]] both during and after episodes as a result of the overwhelming nature of their distorted visual field. Due to the fear and anxiety associated with the condition, those who have previously had an episode hesitate to recount the episode, although retain the ability to do so.<ref name=schneck /> Psychologically, a person with macropsia may feel separation and dissociation from the outside world and even from immediate family. This feeling of dissociation has mostly been noted in child or adolescent patients. The patient may feel that they must unfairly contend with hostile and aggressive forces due to the gigantic nature of the surrounding environment.<ref name=schneck /> The defense against said forces is usually expressed verbally. The patient may falsely present an outgoing or flamboyant persona, while remaining fearful of people internally. They, in an attempt to balance the size distortion, may try to make others feel small in size through insult or hostile behavior. The psychological impact of macropsia on long-term sufferers or people who have had the condition since childhood may be greater and lead to severe ego-deficiencies.<ref name=schneck /> An alternative interpretation of the condition is that macropsia is a response to biophysiological contraction and has no psychological roots. Thus, when a patient reaches for an enlarged object, they are overcoming that physiological contraction.<ref name=rob>Raphael, C.M. Macropsia. 122 (1): 110 Am J Psychiatry</ref> However, this theory has been under much scrutiny.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} ==Causes== ===Structural defects=== In cases where macropsia affects one [[Human eye|eye]] resulting in differences in the way the two eyes perceive the size or shape of images, the condition is known as aniseikonia.<ref name=deWitMuraki>de Wit GC, Muraki CS. Field-dependent aniseikonia associated with an epiretinal membrane a case study. Ophthalmology 2006; 113:58-62.</ref> Aniseikonia is known to be associated with certain [[retina]]l conditions. [[Epiretinal membrane]] has been found to cause metamorphopsia and aniseikonia.<ref name=deWitMuraki /><ref name=Benegas>Benegas NM, Egbert J, Engel WK, Kushner BJ. Diplopia secondary to aniseikonia associated with macular disease. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999; 117:896-899.</ref><ref>Enoch JM, Schwartz A, Chang D, Hirose H. Aniseikonia, metamorphopsia and perceived entoptic pattern: some effects of a macular epiretinal membrane, and the subsequent spontaneous separation of the membrane. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1995; 15:339-343.</ref><ref>Kroyer K, Jensen OM, Larsen M. Objective signs of photoreceptor displacement by binocular correspondence perimetry: a study of epiretinal membranes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005; 46:1017-1022.</ref><ref>Ugarte M, Williamson TH. Aniseikonia associated with epiretinal membranes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005; 89:1576-80.</ref> Vitreomacular traction caused by the excessive [[vitreomacular adhesion|adhesion of vitreous fluid]] to the [[retina]] is related to aniseikonia due to the separation and compression of [[photoreceptor cells]].<ref name=Benegas /> [[Macular edema]]<ref>Sjostrand J, Anderson C. [[Micropsia]] and metamorphopsia in the re-attached macula following [[retinal detachment]]. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1986: 64:425-32.</ref> and surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment<ref name=Ugarte /> can also cause an increased separation of macular [[photoreceptor cells]] resulting in [[dysmetropsia]]. [[Retinoschisis]] is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia.<ref name=deWit>de Wit G.C. Retinally-induced aniseikonia. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2007; 22:96-101.</ref> There is evidence that a lesion appearing in the posterior area of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway can cause macropsia. This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction.<ref>Park, M. G., Joo, H., Park, K. P., & Kim, D. S. (2005). Macropsia caused by acute posterior cerebral artery infarction. J Korean Neurol Assoc., 23(5), 655-658.</ref> ===Medications=== The most prevalent research on prescription drugs with side effects of macropsia deals with [[zolpidem]] and [[citalopram]]. Zolpidem is a drug prescribed for insomnia, and although it has proven beneficial effects, there have been numerous reported cases of adverse perceptual reactions.<ref name=Hoyler>Hoyler CL, Tekell JL, Silva JA. Zolpidem-induced agitation and disorganization. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1996; 18:452–453. </ref> One of these cases discusses an anorexic woman's episode of macropsia, which occurred twenty minutes after taking 10 mg zolpidem. The same woman later had two more episodes of zolpidem-induced macropsia, after taking 5 mg and 2.5 mg zolpidem, respective to each episode. The intensity of the macropsia episodes decreased with the decreasing amount of zolpidem administered; it is implied in the article that the level of intensity was based on the patients accounts of her macropsia episodes, and that no external diagnosis was used.<ref name=Iruela>Iruela LM, Ibanez-Rojo V, Baca E. Zolpidem-induced macropsia in anorexic woman. Lancet 1993; 342(8868): 443-444.</ref> Hoyler points out notable similarities among the different reported cases of zolpidem-induced disorganization. The similarities were that all the cases were reported by women, the disorganization and agitation followed the first administration of zolpidem, and once zolpidem was discontinued, there were no lasting residual effects. It is believed that zolpidem-related macropsia is more prevalent in women because plasma zolpidem concentration is 40% higher in women, a concentration that further increases in anorexic women.<ref name=Iruela /> Citalopram-induced macropsia is similar to zolpidem-induced macropsia since both types have been observed in relatively few cases, and neither of the drugs' side effects can be supported by experimental evidence. Citalopram is an antidepressant that inhibits serotonin reuptake.<ref>Milne RJ, Goa KL. Citalopram. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depressive illness. Drugs 1991; 41:450-477.</ref> The first case of macropsia thought to be induced by citalopram involves a woman who experienced macropsia after her first administration of 10 mg citalopram. Just as with zolpidem, after the immediate discontinuation of citalopram, there were no further episodes of macropsia.<ref>Ghanizadeh, A. Citalopram-induced macropsia. Clin Neuropharamcol 2007; 30(4): 246-247.</ref> === Illicit drugs === There are suggestions that visual distortions, such as macropsia, can be associated with cocaine use.<ref>Unnithan SB, Cutting JC. The cocaine experience: Refuting the concept of a model psychosis? Psychopathol 1992; 25: 71-78.</ref> Episodes of temporary drug-induced macropsia subside as the chemicals leave the body.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} ===Migraine=== Past research has linked macropsia to [[migraine]]. One of these studies was conducted on Japanese adolescents who reported visual episodic illusions with macropsia and showed that illusions are three times more likely to occur in association with migraine. The illusions were most prevalent among girls between the ages of 16 and 18. It is unlikely that macropsia in Japanese adolescents could be due to epileptic seizure since only 0.3% of Japanese adolescents have epilepsy.<ref name=Abe /> No evidence of drugs was found, which eliminates the possibility of the macropsia in the adolescents being drug-induced. It is also unlikely for macropsia in adolescent children to be associated with a serious disease.<ref name=Abe /> It is usually the macropsia or other visual disturbance which precedes the painful migrainous headaches. The episodes of macropsia can occur as part of the aura in a [[migraine]]. These episodes are often brief, lasting only a few minutes. Adolescents who are deemed to have multiple distortions per episode, such as slow motion vision and macropsia, are even more likely to be people with migraine.<ref name=Abe /> The macropsia episodes associated with migraine are typically equivalent to the duration of the aura, which can range from moments to 15 minutes. Non-migrainous headaches are not known to be associated with episodic illusions.<ref name=Abe /> Even in the absence of a migraine, a fever or a hypnogogic state can provoke visual illusions, which one might claim to be macropsia. A person with macropsia may fail to see the connection between the [[migraine]] and the macropsia, since the conditions may not elicit symptoms at the same time. The [[pathophysiology]] of the condition is not fully understood, but the timing of some [[episodic memory|episodic]] occurrences with the headaches suggests that there is a connection between macropsia and the [[vasoconstrictive]] phase of a [[migraine]].<ref name=golden>Golden, Gerald S. The Alice in Wonderland Syndrome in Juvenile Migraine. Pediatrics 1979;63;517-519</ref> The differences in visual phenomena, such as macropsia with slow motion versus macropsia without slow motion, may result from different areas of the brain being affected by [[migraine]].<ref name=golden /> ===Epilepsy=== Macropsia may present itself as a symptom of both [[frontal lobe epilepsy]] and [[temporal lobe epilepsy]], which may actually help in the diagnosis of those diseases. Children who experience nocturnal hallucinations accompanied by macropsia may seek medical care for panic attack disorders and instead are diagnosed with forms of epilepsy. Epilepsy patients may have no memory of the seizure, but can remember the hallucinations and aura which proceed the attack. [[Electroencephalography]], or EEG imaging, can then be utilized while the patient experiences the episode. It may be subsequently concluded that the EEG is congruent with temporal or frontal lobe seizure.<ref>Swash M. Visual perseveration in temporal lobe epilepsy J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979;42:569–71.</ref> Anxiety and headaches accompany the episodes of visual distortion associated with epilepsy. While [[Valproic acid]] has been used to treat this type of seizure,<ref name=frontal>Zwijnenburg PJ, Wennink JM, Laman DM, Linssen WH. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: a clinical presentation of frontal lobe epilepsy. Neuropediatrics, 2002 33: 53-5.</ref> anti-seizure medications appropriate for focal-onset seizures, like [[Oxcarbazepine|oxcarbazapine]], have also been used successfully in the treatment of epilepsy-related macropsia.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} ===Hypoglycaemia=== Endogenous [[hypoglycaemia]] can result in number of visual disturbances and sometimes macropsia. This kind of hypoglycaemia is defined as having an abnormally low blood-sugar level due to anything other than the exogenous administration of [[insulin]].<ref>Moorhouse D. Some Neurological manifestations of endogenous hypoglycemia. Br Med J 1956; 2: 1512-1514.</ref> Macropsia has been observed in experimental hypoglycaemia and in patients receiving insulin therapy.<ref>Kalinowsky LB, Hoch PH. Shock treatments, psychosurgery and other somatic treatments in psychiatry. Grune and Stratton; 1952.</ref> ===Viruses=== Patients with both [[Epstein-Barr virus]] and [[infectious mononucleosis]] have cited an increase in the sizes of perceived objects, coinciding with other symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome.<ref>Cinbis M, Aysun S: Alice in Wonderland syndrome as an initial manifestation of Epstein-Barr virus infection (case report). Br J Ophthalmol 1992; 76:316</ref> Additionally, it has been observed that Epstein-Barr patients who cite hallucinations display abnormal MRI scans. The [[MRI]] may show swelling of the cerebral cortex, transient T2 prolongation, and transient lesions. Unlike in MRI's, no abnormalities have been reported in [[Computed tomography|CT]] scans. It is thus recommended that an Epstein-Barr patient who cites visual hallucinations have an MRI scan.<ref>Atsushi Kamei, Makoto Sasaki, Manami Akasaka, Shoichi Chida. Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging in a child with Alice in Wonderland syndrome following Epstein-Barr virus infection No to hattatsu. Brain and development. 2002 Jul;34(4): 348-52</ref> Macropsia may appear either before the onset, or after the resolution, of all clinical symptoms associated with the illness.<ref name=lahat>Lahat E, et al. Alice in Wonderland syndrome and infectious mononucleosis in children. J Neur Neurosur Psych 1990; 53:1104</ref> The duration of the disturbances have been shown to range between two weeks and seven months.<ref name=lahat /> Almost all patients with macropsia due to infectious mononucleosis make full recoveries. Patients with Coxsackievirus B1 have reported numerous symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, the most common of which being macropsia and micropsia.<ref name=frontal /> ==Pathophysiology== Macropsia may be a result of optical [[magnification]] differences between the eyes, retinal receptor distribution,<ref name=deWit /> or the cortical processing of the sampled image.<ref>Lancaster WB. Aniseikonia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1938; 36:227-234.</ref> The current hypothesis for the occurrence of [[dysmetropsia]] is due to the stretching or compression of the [[retina]] leading to the displacement of receptors. Macropsia arises from a compressed receptor distribution leading to a larger perceived image size and conversely, [[micropsia]] results from stretching of the [[retina]] leading to a more sparse receptor distribution that gives a smaller perceived image size. In the case of macropsia, the greater density of [[photoreceptor cells]] leads to greater stimulation making the object seem larger.<ref name=Ugarte>Ugarte M, Williamson TH. Horizontal and vertical micropsia following macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal-detachment surgical repair. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2006; 244:1545-1548.</ref> In some cases, the effects of macropsia have been shown to be field dependent, in that the degree of visual distortion is related to the visual field angle. Non-uniform stretching or compression of the receptor distribution could explain the field dependency of the macropsia. If the compression forces were closer to the fovea the resulting compression would cause a greater amount of macropsia at lower field angles with little effect at higher field angles where the receptor distribution is not as compressed.<ref name=deWit /> Alterations in receptor distribution can be the result of [[epiretinal membrane]], neuroretina detachment and/or re-attachment, or [[retinoschisis]]. Macropsia caused by surgical re-attachment of macula-off rhegmatogenous [[retinal detachment]] is not symmetrical around the [[Fovea centralis|fovea]], resulting in differences size changes in the horizontal and vertical meridians.<ref name=Ugarte /> Asymmetry has also been observed with [[retinoschisis]], in which macropsia generally results in the vertical direction while micropsia presents in the horizontal direction.<ref name=deWit /> ==Diagnosis== Macropsia is generally diagnosed once a patient complains of the characteristic symptoms, such as disproportionally large objects in their visual field. The [[Amsler Grid]] test can be used to diagnose macropsia, along with other visual maladies depending on the subjective disturbance reported by the patient after looking at the Amsler Grid. Outward bulging of the lines on an Amsler Grid is consistent with patients experiencing macropsisa.<ref>Riley, H. D. (2005). Amsler grid testing. Indiana University School of Optometry. {{cite web |url=http://www.opt.indiana.edu/riley/HomePage/Amsler_Grid/4TEXTamsler_grid.html |title=Amsler Grid Testing |accessdate=2009-12-05 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207161607/http://www.opt.indiana.edu/riley/HomePage/Amsler_Grid/4TEXTamsler_grid.html |archivedate=2009-12-07 }}</ref> The New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) can quantify the degree of macropsia or [[micropsia]] independently in the vertical and horizontal meridians. The test consists of red and green semicircles on a black background with a white round fixation target. The size of the red semicircle is held constant while the green semicircle is varied in size in 1% increments. The patient wears a pair of red/green goggles so that one eye is tested at a time, and the patient attempts to determine when the semicircles are the same size. This is termed the reversal threshold and the size difference between the semicircles is reported as the degree of aniseikonia. A positive value indicates that the object was perceived bigger and thus corresponds to macropsia, and conversely a negative value indicates micropsia.<ref name=Ugarte /> The Aniseikonia Inspector contains an aniseikonia test based on the same principles as the NAT, but the test is run on a computer screen, it is based on a forced choice method, and it can measure the size difference as a function of the size of the objects.<ref name=deWit /> The functionality of being able to measure the size difference as function of the size (i.e. field dependent testing) is especially important when the macropsia (or micropsia) has a retinal origin.<ref name=deWit /> ==Treatment== The most common way to treat forms of aniseikonia, including macropsia, is through the use of auxiliary optics to correct for the [[magnification]] properties of the [[human eye|eyes]]. This method includes changing the shape of spectacle lenses, changing the vertex distances with contact lenses, creating a weak [[telescope]] system with [[contact lenses]] and [[spectacles]], and changing the power of one of the spectacle lenses. Computer software, such as the Aniseikonia Inspector, has been developed to determine the prescription needed to correct for a certain degree of aniseikonia. The problem with correction through optical means is that the optics do not vary with field angle and thus cannot compensate for non-uniform macropsia. Patients have reported significantly improved visual comfort associated with a correction of 5-10% of the aniseikonia.<ref name=deWit /> With regard to drug-induced or virus-induced macropsia, once the underlying problem, either drug abuse or viral infection, is treated, the induced macropsia ceases.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} ==Research== Future research may focus on ways to limit the occurrence of retinally-induced macropsia due to surgery.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} In terms of treatment, the most effective optical correction is still being researched with respect to visual field angles and direction to a target.<ref name=deWit /> The susceptibility of certain age demographics to macropsia is a subject that requires further validation.<ref name=Abe>K. Abe, N. Oda, R. Araki, et al. Macropsia, micropsia, and episodic illusions in Japanese adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry 1989; 28:493–496.</ref> Overall, there have not been very many reports of macropsia induced by certain drugs, specifically zolpidem and citalopram. Once a larger effort is made to compile such reports, there will inevitably be more research on the subject of macropsia.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} ==References== {{reflist|30em}} == External links == {{Medical resources | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|H|53||h|53}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|368.14}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = 003029 | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D014786 }} {{Optical illusions}} [[Category:Neurological disorders]] [[Category:Optical illusions]] [[Category:Symptoms]] [[Category:Visual disturbances and blindness]]

1,285,312,911

[{"title": "Macropsia", "data": {"Other names": "Megalopia", "Specialty": "Ophthalmology"}}]

false

# Cherokee-class brig-sloop The Cherokee class was a class of brig-sloops of the Royal Navy, mounting ten guns. Brig-sloops were sloops-of-war with two masts (a fore mast and a taller main mast) rather than the three masts of ship sloops. Orders for 115 vessels were placed, including five which were cancelled and six for which the orders were replaced by ones for equivalent steam-powered paddle vessels. Many of these sailing vessels served as mail packet ships, and more than eight assisted with exploration and surveys. The best known of the class was HMS Beagle, then considerably modified for Beagle's second survey voyage under Robert FitzRoy, with the gentleman naturalist Charles Darwin on board as a self-funded supernumerary. ## Design The carronade, nicknamed the "smasher" or "devil gun", was significantly smaller and lighter than conventional cannon. It was also found to have a more destructive broadside at close range, so that a smaller (and cheaper) ship could be more effective in naval actions than a much larger man-of-war. Sir Henry Peake designed a small ship to operate in both shallow and deep waters, carrying eight 16-pounder or 18-pounder carronades plus two long 6-pounder cannon as forward-mounted chase guns. He completed the design for the Cherokee class in 1807, which was approved on 26 November 1807, with the first four vessels having been ordered in March 1807 but not laid down until December; by the end of 1808 another thirty vessels had been ordered to this design. After these 34, another two were ordered in 1812 which were built of teak at Bombay. The design was revived after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and another 78 were ordered in two batches between 1817 and 1827. The first batch of these later vessels consisted of 35 orders (of which one was cancelled) whilst the second amounted to 44 new vessels of which four were cancelled and six replaced by orders for paddle vessels. The class was much criticised, being popularly known as 'coffin brigs', following the loss by wrecking or foundering of a number of them. Almost a quarter of them were lost, and they were also nicknamed "Half Tide Rock" as they had low freeboard so the deck was frequently awash with water, and solid bulwarks preventing the water from being shed quickly. These open flush-decked ships lacked a forecastle to deflect heavy seas crashing over the bow: one was added to Beagle in 1825 before its first voyage, together with a mizzen mast which improved the handling. Despite these modifications to the design, Captain Pringle Stokes protested that "our decks were constantly flooded". Further extensive modifications were made for the second voyage of HMS Beagle. Darwin noted in his journal in April 1833 that "It blew half a gale of wind; but it was fair & we scudded before it. — Our decks fully deserved their nickname of a "half tide rock"; so constantly did the water flow over them", but John Lort Stokes who was on all three survey expeditions praised Beagle: "The reader will be surprised to learn that she belongs to that much-abused class, the '10-gun brigs'—coffins, as they are not infrequently designated in the service; notwithstanding which, she has proved herself, under every possible variety of trial, in all kinds of weather, an excellent sea boat." William James, in his Naval History written before May 1827, dismissed the supposed design faults, and said that it would be "surprising indeed that the navy board would continue adding new individuals by dozens at a time" to "this worthless class". A more recent naval historian, Robert Gardiner, concurs, stating that there seems to have been no particular fault in their design, but they were considered to be somewhat too small for the global duties they took on. According to one experienced commander, they were not easy to sail but, "...if we put an officer who has always been accustomed to a line-of-battle-ship in to one of them, and he proves headstrong and self-sufficient, ten to one he upsets her, but in the hands of a good brig sailor, they are as safe as any other vessel". Lieutenant William Bowers, who spent 12 years in HMS Helicon and Leveret, felt that the class had been unduly criticised, he thought Helicon was a crack sailer once her hold had been restowed. Bowers however, complained that they were wet and cramped, and he particularly bemoaned their lack of warlike capabilities, claiming they had been vastly overrated. Despite these faults, the Cherokee brigs were quick when changing tack and extremely manoeuvrable, and with a crew of only 75, economical to run. ## Service Few of the Cherokee-class ships took part in sea battles of any importance. HMS Lyra and Redpole were at the Battle of Basque Roads in 1809, guiding fireships to their target in the initial attack, and the latter also participated in the Walcheren Expedition later in the same year. Large numbers of them went on to serve as passenger and mail carrying packet ships, running from the UK to the US and Canada. Several assisted with exploration and survey expeditions, including HMS Barracouta, which served with William Fitzwilliam Owen's survey of the African and Arabian coasts between 1821 and 1826 before being converted to a barque-rigged packet in 1829 and then being sold in 1836. The first voyage of Beagle set out in 1826 under Captain Pringle Stokes as part of Phillip Parker King's survey of South American coasts, which returned late in 1830 with Beagle by then commanded by Robert FitzRoy. Captain Henry Foster commanded HMS Chanticleer on his survey around the South Atlantic, known as his "pendulum expedition", from 1827 to 1831. Chanticleer was then intended to be used for FitzRoy's next survey expedition, but was found to be in poor condition. Instead, the Beagle was repaired and modified for its famed second survey voyage from 1831 to 1836, which took along the naturalist Charles Darwin as a self-funded supernumerary. The Beagle subsequently carried out a survey of coasts of Australia from 1837 to 1843 under John Clements Wickham and John Lort Stokes. From 1838 to around 1841 HMS Britomart, commanded by Owen Stanley, carried out survey work and other duties around Australia and New Zealand. Other survey ships of this class included HMS Fairy from about 1832 to 1840, Scorpion from 1848 to 1858 and Saracen from 1854 to 1860. ## 1808–1816 vessels The first four vessels listed below were ordered on 30 March 1807, two more on 26 November 1807 and the next twenty vessels on 31 December 1807. Eight more orders were placed during 1808. All 34 were built by commercial contractors. | Name | Built by contract by | Ordered | Laid down | Launched | Disposition | | ------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------- | -------------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Rolla | Thomas Pitcher, Northfleet | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 13 February 1808 | Sold 18 April 1822 | | Cherokee | Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 24 February 1808 | Sold 26 March 1828 | | Leveret | Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 24 February 1808 | Sold 18 April 1822 | | Cadmus | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 26 February 1808 | Coast Guard Watch Vessel in February 1835. Sold 12 March 1864 | | Achates | Samuel & Daniel Brent, Rotherhithe | 26 November 1807 | December 1807 | 1 February 1808 | Wrecked 7 February 1810 | | Parthian | William Barnard, Deptford | 26 November 1807 | December 1807 | 13 February 1808 | Wrecked 15 May 1828 | | Briseis | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 19 May 1808 | Wrecked 5 November 1818 | | Jasper | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 27 May 1808 | Wrecked 20 January 1817 | | Ephira | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 28 May 1808 | Wrecked 26 December 1811 | | Onyx | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 8 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 | | Badger | Joseph & Thomas Brindley, Frindsbury | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 23 July 1808 | Mooring ship 1834. Broken up 1864. | | Opossum | Muddle, Gillingham | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 9 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 | | Wild Boar | John Pelham, Frindsbury | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 9 July 1808 | Wrecked 15 February 1810 | | Rinaldo | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 13 July 1808 | Sold 6 August 1835 | | Chanticleer | Daniel List, East Cowes | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 26 July 1808 | Coast Guard Watch Vessel in January 1833. Broken up, completed 3 June 1871 | | Goldfinch | John Warwick, Eling | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 8 August 1808 | Sold 8 November 1838 | | Woodlark | William Rowe, Newcastle | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 17 November 1808 | Sold 29 January 1818 | | Shearwater | William Rowe, Newcastle | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 21 November 1808 | Sold November 1832 | | Calliope | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 8 July 1808 | Broken up, completed 13 August 1829 | | Hope | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 22 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 | | Britomart | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 28 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 | | Prince Arthur | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 28 July 1808 | Sold 1808 to Sultan of Morocco (prior to completion) | | Cordelia | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 26 July 1808 | Sold 12 December 1833 | | Redpole | Robert Guillaume, Northam | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 29 July 1808 | Sunk in action August 1828 against pirate vessel Congress | | Helicon | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 8 August 1808 | Broken up July 1829 | | Lyra | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 22 August 1808 | Sold 11 July 1818 | | Beaver | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | April 1808 | October 1808 | 16 February 1809 | Sold 24 June 1829 | | Drake | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 27 June 1808 | August 1808 | 3 November 1808 | Wrecked 22 June 1822 | | Rosario | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 27 June 1808 | August 1808 | 7 December 1808 | Sold November 1832 | | Renard | John King, Upnor | 9 July 1808 | August 1808 | 5 December 1808 | Sold 29 June 1818 | | Tyrian | Robert Guillaume, Northam | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 16 December 1808 | Sold 22 July 1819 | | Bermuda | John Pelham, Frindsbury | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 20 December 1808 | Wrecked 16 November 1816 | | Rhodian | Robert Guillaume, Northam | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 3 January 1809 | Wrecked 21 February 1813 | | Sarpedon | John Warwick, Eling | 30 September 1808 | September 1808 | 1 February 1809 | Wrecked 1 January 1813 | Two vessels were ordered 2 October 1812. These were built in India at the Bombay Dockyard under a contract from the British East India Company. They were built of teak, but were otherwise identical to their predecessors. | Name | Built by | Ordered | Launched | Disposition | | -------- | ---------------- | -------------- | --------------- | ----------------------- | | Sphinx | Bombay Dockyard | 2 October 1812 | 25 January 1815 | Sold 6 August 1835 | | Cameleon | Bombay Dockyard, | 2 October 1812 | 15 January 1816 | Broken up in April 1849 | ## 1818–1821 orders Unlike the wartime batch, all the post-war batches were built in the Royal Dockyards rather than by contractors. Note that several names of vessels from the 1808–1816 batch were re-used for vessels in the second or third batches (as indicated below). Thirty-five vessels were ordered in 1817–1821 – twelve on 13 June 1817, twelve on 2 November 1818, two on 8 December 1818, six on 23 May 1820, one on 6 January 1821 and two on 19 April 1821. | Name | Built by HM Dockyard | Ordered | Laid down | Launched | | -------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------- | ------------- | --------------------------------- | | Alacrity | Deptford | 13 June 1817 | October 1817 | 29 December 1818 | | Ariel | Deptford | 13 June 1817 | February 1819 | 28 July 1820 | | Barracouta | Woolwich | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 13 May 1820 | | Beagle ("Darwin's Beagle") | Woolwich | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 11 May 1820 | | Bustard | Chatham | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 12 December 1818 | | Brisk | Chatham | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 10 February 1819 | | Delight | Portsmouth | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 10 May 1819 | | Cygnet | Portsmouth | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 11 May 1819 | | Eclipse | Plymouth | 13 June 1817 | March 1818 | 23 July 1819 | | Emulous (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 16 December 1819 | | Falcon | Pembroke | 13 June 1817 | May 1818 | 10 June 1820 | | Frolic | Pembroke | 13 June 1817 | August 1818 | 10 June 1820 | | Lyra (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 2 November 1818 | March 1819 | 1 June 1821 | | Jasper (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 2 November 1818 | May 1819 | 26 July 1820 | | Britomart (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 2 November 1818 | June 1819 | 24 August 1820 | | Partridge | Plymouth | 2 November 1818 | December 1819 | 22 March 1822 | | Reynard (2nd of name) | Pembroke | 2 November 1818 | May 1820 | 26 October 1821 | | Weazle | Chatham | 2 November 1818 | May 1820 | 26 March 1822 | | Kingfisher | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | December 1820 | 11 March 1823 | | Procris | Chatham | 2 November 1818 | March 1821 | 21 June 1822 | | Algerine | Deptford | 2 November 1818 | April 1821 | 10 June 1823 | | Magnet | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | June 1821 | 13 March 1823 | | Halcyon | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 | | Zephyr | Pembroke | 2 November 1818 | November 1821 | 1 November 1823 | | Opossum (2nd of name) | Sheerness | 2 November 1818 | November 1819 | 11 December 1821 | | Onyx (2nd of name) | Sheerness | 2 November 1818 | November 1819 | 24 January 1822 | | Plover | Portsmouth | 23 May 1820 | August 1820 | 30 June 1821 | | Ferret | Portsmouth | 23 May 1820 | August 1820 | 12 October 1821 | | Hope (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 23 May 1820 | March 1822 | 8 December 1824 | | Mutine | Plymouth | 23 May 1820 | April 1822 | 19 May 1825 | | Forester | Deptford | 23 May 1820 | unknown | Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 | | Griffon | Deptford | 23 May 1820 | unknown | Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 | | Tyrian (2nd of name) | Woolwich | 6 January 1821 | April 1823 | 16 September 1826 | | Philomel | Portsmouth | 19 April 1821 | June 1821 | 28 April 1823 | | Royalist | Portsmouth | 19 April 1821 | August 1821 | 12 May 1823 | ## 1823–1826 orders Forty-four vessels were ordered in 1823–1826, thirty on 25 March 1823, two on 23 November 1824, two on 7 December 1824, four on 23 May 1826 and six on 28 October 1826. Of these only thirty-four were built as sailing brigs; four were cancelled outright, and the orders for six more were replaced (before any work had commenced) by orders for paddle vessels, using the same names. | Name | Built by HM Dockyard | Ordered | Laid down | Launched | | --------------------------------- | -------------------- | ---------------- | -------------- | -------------------------- | | Leveret (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | May 1823 | 19 February 1825 | | Musquito | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | May 1823 | 19 February 1825 | | Hearty | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | July 1823 | 22 October 1824 | | Myrtle | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | July 1823 | 14 September 1825 | | Lapwing | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | September 1823 | 20 February 1825 | | Sheldrake | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | November 1823 | 19 May 1825 | | Harpy | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | March 1824 | 16 July 1825 | | Fairy | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | July 1824 | 25 April 1826 | | Skylark | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | May 1825 | 6 May 1826 | | Espoir | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | January 1825 | 9 May 1826 | | Calypso (2nd of name) (ex Hyaena) | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | March 1825 | 19 August 1826 | | Spey | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | July 1825 | 6 October 1827 | | Variable | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | May 1826 | 6 October 1827 | | Briseis (2nd of name) | Deptford | 25 March 1823 | August 1827 | 3 July 1829 | | Rapid | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | January 1824 | 17 August 1829 | | Recruit | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | February 1825 | 17 August 1829 | | Reindeer | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | December 1824 | 29 September 1829 | | Thais | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | July 1828 | 12 October 1829 | | Rolla (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | June 1825 | 10 December 1829 | | Savage | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | October 1829 | 29 December 1830 | | Saracen | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | December 1829 | 30 January 1831 | | Scorpion | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | June 1830 | 28 July 1832 | | Sealark | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | November 1830 | Cancelled 10 January 1831 | | Hyaena (ex Calypso) | Deptford | 25 March 1823 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 | | Termagent | Portsmouth | 23 November 1824 | October 1829 | 26 March 1838 | | Lynx | Portsmouth | 23 November 1824 | February 1830 | 2 September 1833 | | Nautilus | Woolwich | 7 December 1824 | April 1829 | 11 March 1830 | | Curlew | Woolwich | 7 December 1824 | November 1829 | 25 February 1830 | | Delight (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | August 1827 | 27 November 1829 | | Algerine (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | October 1827 | 1 August 1829 | | Griffon (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | July 1830 | 11 September 1832 | | Forester (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | September 1830 | 28 August 1832 | | Partridge (2nd of name) | Pembroke | 28 October 1826 | August 1828 | 12 October 1829 | | Wizard | Pembroke | 28 October 1826 | October 1829 | 24 May 1830 | | Charybdis | Portsmouth | 28 October 1826 | December 1829 | 27 February 1831 | | Buzzard | Portsmouth | 28 October 1826 | December 1829 | 23 March 1834 | | Foxhound | Plymouth | 28 October 1826 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 | | Helena | Plymouth | 28 October 1826 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 | Six of the vessels originally ordered 25 March 1823 were swiftly re-ordered as paddle steamers in May 1824 – Alban and Carron (both at Deptford), Columbia, Confiance, Dee and Echo (all four at Woolwich). ## Citations 1. ↑ "HMS Beagle – Port of science and discovery – Port Cities". Retrieved 30 January 2009. 2. 1 2 Taylor 2008, pp. 36–38 3. ↑ FitzRoy 1839, pp. 17–22 4. 1 2 3 4 Gardiner, Robert (Ed.) (1998) The Naval War of 1812, Chatham Publishing, London, p. 90. 5. 1 2 Taylor 2008, pp. 33–35 6. ↑ Keynes, Richard (2001), Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary, Cambridge University Press, p. 152 7. ↑ Stokes 1846, Volume 1, Chapter 1 8. 1 2 Knight 2022, p. 60 9. ↑ Blake and Lawrence (1999) p. 42 10. ↑ James pp. 105-106 11. ↑ "No. 16650". The London Gazette. 26 September 1812. p. 1971. 12. 1 2 3 Taylor 2008, p. 37 13. ↑ Taylor 2008, pp. 36–37, 183–185 14. ↑ Francis West (1967). "Stanley, Owen (1811–1850)". Biography – Owen Stanley. Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 December 2014.

enwiki/15421158

enwiki

15,421,158

Cherokee-class brig-sloop

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee-class_brig-sloop

2025-07-06T19:51:31Z

en

Q1070297

121,946

{{Short description|1807 class of British sloops-of-war}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} {{Use British English|date=June 2017}} {|{{Infobox ship begin}} {{Infobox ship image |Ship image= HMS Rosario - The gallant action off Dieppe, March 1812 BM 1917,1208.4643 (cropped).jpg |Ship caption= [[HMS Rosario (1808)|HMS ''Rosario'']] in 1812 }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=''Cherokee''-class brig-sloop |Builders= |Operators={{navy|United Kingdom}} |Class before= |Class after= |Subclasses= |Cost= |Built range= |In service range= |In commission range= |Total ships building= |Total ships planned=115 |Total ships completed=*36 in first batch *34 in second batch (with another 1 being cancelled) *34 in third batch (with another 4 cancelled and 6 orders replaced by orders for equivalent steam-assisted paddle vessels) |Total ships cancelled=11 |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost= |Total ships retired= |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type=[[brig|Brig-sloop]] |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement= |Ship tons burthen=238 [[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]] |Ship length=*Overall: {{convert|90|ft|0|in|m|abbr=on}} *Keel: {{convert|73|ft|7+5/8|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|24|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship height= |Ship draught={{convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship draft= |Ship depth= |Ship hold depth={{convert|11|ft|0|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship decks= |Ship deck clearance= |Ship ramps= |Ship ice class= |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=Sails |Ship sail plan= |Ship speed= |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship test depth= |Ship boats= |Ship capacity= |Ship troops= |Ship complement=*Sloop-of-war:75 *Survey voyages: On [[second voyage of HMS Beagle|''Beagle'''s second voyage]], 65 plus 9 supernumeraries |Ship crew= |Ship time to activate= |Ship sensors= |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*Sloop-of-war:2 × 6-pounder [[bow chaser]]s + 8 × 18-pounder [[carronades]] *Survey voyages:6 guns |Ship armour= |Ship armor= |Ship aircraft= |Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship notes= }} |} The '''''Cherokee'' class''' was a class of [[Sloop-of-war#Rigging|brig-sloops]] of the [[Royal Navy]], mounting ten guns. Brig-sloops were sloops-of-war with two masts (a fore mast and a taller main mast) rather than the three masts of ''[[ship sloop]]s''. Orders for 115 vessels were placed, including five which were cancelled and six for which the orders were replaced by ones for equivalent steam-powered paddle vessels.<ref name=PortCities>{{cite web |url=http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConFactFile.64/HMS-Beagle.html |title=HMS ''Beagle'' – Port of science and discovery – Port Cities |access-date=2009-01-30}}</ref> Many of these sailing vessels served as mail [[Packet boat|packet ships]], and more than eight assisted with exploration and surveys. The best known of the class was {{HMS|Beagle}}, then considerably modified for ''Beagle''{{'}}s [[second voyage of HMS Beagle|second survey voyage]] under [[Robert FitzRoy]], with the gentleman [[natural history|naturalist]] [[Charles Darwin]] on board as a self-funded [[wikt:supernumerary|supernumerary]].<ref name="Taylor 2008 36–38">{{harvnb|Taylor|2008|pp=36–38}}</ref><ref name=fitz17>{{harvnb|FitzRoy|1839|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F10.2&pageseq=40 17–22]}}</ref> ==Design== [[File:Nicolas Cammillieri - H.M. Sloop Parthian capturing a Spanish Pirate.jpg|thumb|[[HMS Parthian (1808)|HMS ''Parthian'']] (left) capturing a Spanish pirate ship]] The [[carronade]], nicknamed the "smasher" or "devil gun", was significantly smaller and lighter than conventional [[cannon]]. It was also found to have a more destructive [[Broadside (naval)|broadside]] at close range, so that a smaller (and cheaper) ship could be more effective in naval actions than a much larger [[man-of-war]]. Sir [[Henry Peake]] designed a small ship to operate in both shallow and deep waters, carrying eight 16-pounder or 18-pounder carronades plus two long 6-pounder cannon as forward-mounted [[chase gun]]s.<ref name="Taylor 2008 36–38"/> He completed the design for the ''Cherokee'' class in 1807, which was approved on 26 November 1807, with the first four vessels having been ordered in March 1807 but not laid down until December; by the end of 1808 another thirty vessels had been ordered to this design. After these 34, another two were ordered in 1812 which were built of teak at [[Bombay Dockyard|Bombay]]. The design was revived after the end of the [[Napoleonic Wars]], and another 78 were ordered in two batches between 1817 and 1827. The first batch of these later vessels consisted of 35 orders (of which one was cancelled) whilst the second amounted to 44 new vessels of which four were cancelled and six replaced by orders for paddle vessels. The class was much criticised, being popularly known as 'coffin brigs', following the loss by wrecking or foundering of a number of them.<ref name=TNWO1812>Gardiner, Robert (Ed.) (1998) ''The Naval War of 1812'', Chatham Publishing, London, p. 90.</ref> Almost a quarter of them were lost, and they were also nicknamed "Half Tide Rock" as they had low [[Freeboard (nautical)|freeboard]] so the deck was frequently awash with water, and solid [[wikt:bulwark|bulwarks]] preventing the water from being shed quickly. These open flush-decked ships lacked a forecastle to deflect heavy seas crashing over the bow: one was added to ''Beagle'' in 1825 before its first voyage, together with a mizzen mast which improved the handling. Despite these modifications to the design, Captain [[Pringle Stokes]] protested that "our decks were constantly flooded".<ref name="Taylor 33">{{harvnb|Taylor|2008|pp=33–35}}</ref> Further extensive modifications were made for the [[second voyage of HMS Beagle|second voyage of HMS ''Beagle'']]. Darwin noted in his journal in April 1833 that "It blew half a gale of wind; but it was fair & we scudded before it. — Our decks fully deserved their nickname of a "half tide rock"; so constantly did the water flow over them",<ref name="Taylor 33" /><ref>{{Citation | last= Keynes | first= Richard | author-link = Richard Keynes | year= 2001 | title=Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary | publisher=Cambridge University Press | page=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?pageseq=184&itemID=F1925&viewtype=text 152] }}</ref> but [[John Lort Stokes]] who was on all three survey expeditions praised ''Beagle'': "The reader will be surprised to learn that she belongs to that much-abused class, the '10-gun brigs'—''coffins'', as they are not infrequently designated in the service; notwithstanding which, she has proved herself, under every possible variety of trial, in all kinds of weather, an excellent sea boat."<ref>{{harvnb|Stokes|1846|loc=[[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 1/Chapter 1|Volume 1, Chapter 1]]}}</ref> [[William James (naval historian)|William James]], in his ''Naval History'' written before May 1827, dismissed the supposed design faults, and said that it would be "surprising indeed that the navy board would continue adding new individuals by dozens at a time" to "this worthless class".{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} A more recent naval historian, Robert Gardiner, concurs, stating that there seems to have been no particular fault in their design, but they were considered to be somewhat too small for the global duties they took on.<ref name=TNWO1812/> According to one experienced commander, they were not easy to sail but, "...if we put an officer who has always been accustomed to a line-of-battle-ship in to one of them, and he proves headstrong and self-sufficient, ten to one he upsets her, but in the hands of a good brig sailor, they are as safe as any other vessel".<ref name=Knight60>{{harvnb|Knight|2022|p=60}}</ref> Lieutenant William Bowers, who spent 12 years in HMS ''Helicon'' and ''Leveret'', felt that the class had been unduly criticised, he thought ''Helicon'' was a crack sailer once her hold had been restowed.<ref name=TNWO1812/><ref>Blake and Lawrence (1999) p. 42</ref> Bowers however, complained that they were wet and cramped, and he particularly bemoaned their lack of warlike capabilities, claiming they had been vastly [[Rating system of the Royal Navy|overrated]].<ref name=TNWO1812/> Despite these faults, the Cherokee brigs were quick when changing tack and extremely manoeuvrable, and with a crew of only 75, economical to run.<ref name=Knight60/> ==Service== Few of the ''Cherokee''-class ships took part in sea battles of any importance. {{HMS|Lyra|1808|6}} and {{HMS|Redpole|1808|2}} were at the [[Battle of Basque Roads]] in 1809, guiding fireships to their target in the initial attack, and the latter also participated in the [[Walcheren Expedition]] later in the same year.<ref>James pp. 105-106</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=16650|page=1971|date=26 September 1812}}</ref> Large numbers of them went on to serve as passenger and mail carrying [[Packet boat|packet ships]], running from the UK to the US and Canada.<ref name="Taylor 37" /> Several assisted with exploration and survey expeditions, including {{HMS|Barracouta|1820|6}}, which served with [[William Fitzwilliam Owen]]'s survey of the African and Arabian coasts between 1821 and 1826 before being converted to a [[barque]]-rigged packet in 1829 and then being sold in 1836.<ref name="Taylor 37" /> The first voyage of ''Beagle'' set out in 1826 under Captain [[Pringle Stokes]] as part of [[Phillip Parker King]]'s survey of South American coasts, which returned late in 1830 with ''Beagle'' by then commanded by [[Robert FitzRoy]]. Captain [[Henry Foster (scientist)|Henry Foster]] commanded [[HMS Chanticleer (1808)|HMS ''Chanticleer'']] on his survey around the South Atlantic, known as his "pendulum expedition", from 1827 to 1831. ''Chanticleer'' was then intended to be used for FitzRoy's next survey expedition, but was found to be in poor condition. Instead, the ''Beagle'' was repaired and modified for its famed [[second voyage of HMS Beagle|second survey voyage]] from 1831 to 1836, which took along the [[natural history|naturalist]] [[Charles Darwin]] as a self-funded [[wikt:supernumerary|supernumerary]]. The ''Beagle'' subsequently carried out a survey of coasts of Australia from 1837 to 1843 under [[John Clements Wickham]] and [[John Lort Stokes]].<ref name="Taylor 36, 183">{{harvnb|Taylor|2008|pp=36–37, 183–185}}</ref> From 1838 to around 1841 {{HMS|Britomart|1820|6}}, commanded by [[Owen Stanley]], carried out survey work and other duties around Australia and New Zealand.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/stanley-owen-2692 |title=Biography – Owen Stanley |author=Francis West |chapter=Stanley, Owen (1811–1850) |date= 1967 |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |dictionary= Australian Dictionary of Biography |access-date=2014-12-01}}</ref> Other survey ships of this class included [[HMS Fairy (1826)|HMS ''Fairy'']] from about 1832 to 1840, [[HMS Scorpion (1832)|''Scorpion'']] from 1848 to 1858 and [[HMS Saracen (1831)|''Saracen'']] from 1854 to 1860.<ref name="Taylor 37">{{harvnb|Taylor|2008|p=37}}</ref> ==1808–1816 vessels== The first four vessels listed below were ordered on 30 March 1807, two more on 26 November 1807 and the next twenty vessels on 31 December 1807. Eight more orders were placed during 1808. All 34 were built by commercial contractors. {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Name ! Built by contract by ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched ! Disposition |- | [[HMS Rolla (1808)|''Rolla'']] | Thomas Pitcher, [[Northfleet]] | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 13 February 1808 | Sold 18 April 1822 |- | [[HMS Cherokee (1808)|''Cherokee'']] | Perry, Wells & Green, [[Blackwall, London|Blackwall]] | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 24 February 1808 | Sold 26 March 1828 |- | [[HMS Leveret (1808)|''Leveret'']] | Perry, Wells & Green, Blackwall | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 24 February 1808 | Sold 18 April 1822 |- | [[HMS Cadmus (1808)|''Cadmus'']] | John Dudman & Co., [[Deptford]] | 30 March 1807 | December 1807 | 26 February 1808 | Coast Guard Watch Vessel in February 1835. Sold 12 March 1864 |- | [[HMS Achates (1808)|''Achates'']] | Samuel & Daniel Brent, [[Rotherhithe]] | 26 November 1807 | December 1807 | 1 February 1808 | Wrecked 7 February 1810 |- | [[HMS Parthian (1808)|''Parthian'']] | William Barnard, Deptford | 26 November 1807 | December 1807 | 13 February 1808 | Wrecked 15 May 1828 |- | [[HMS Briseis (1808)|''Briseis'']] | John King, [[Upnor]] | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 19 May 1808 | Wrecked 5 November 1818 |- | [[HMS Jasper (1808)|''Jasper'']] | Jabez Bailey, [[Ipswich]] | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 27 May 1808 | Wrecked 20 January 1817 |- | [[HMS Ephira (1808)|''Ephira'']] | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 28 May 1808 | Wrecked 26 December 1811 |- | [[HMS Onyx (1808)|''Onyx'']] | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 8 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 |- | [[HMS Badger (1808)|''Badger'']] | Joseph & Thomas Brindley, [[Frindsbury]] | 31 December 1807 | February 1808 | 23 July 1808 | Mooring ship 1834. Broken up 1864. |- | [[HMS Opossum (1808)|''Opossum'']] | Muddle, [[Gillingham, Kent|Gillingham]] | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 9 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 |- | [[HMS Wild Boar (1808)|''Wild Boar'']] | John Pelham, Frindsbury | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 9 July 1808 | Wrecked 15 February 1810 |- | [[HMS Rinaldo (1808)|''Rinaldo'']] | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 13 July 1808 | Sold 6 August 1835 |- | [[HMS Chanticleer (1808)|''Chanticleer'']] | Daniel List, [[East Cowes]] | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 26 July 1808 | Coast Guard Watch Vessel in January 1833. Broken up, completed 3 June 1871 |- | [[HMS Goldfinch (1808)|''Goldfinch'']] | John Warwick, [[Totton and Eling|Eling]] | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 8 August 1808 | Sold 8 November 1838 |- | [[HMS Woodlark (1808)|''Woodlark'']] | William Rowe, [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]] | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 17 November 1808 | Sold 29 January 1818 |- | [[HMS Shearwater (1808)|''Shearwater'']] | William Rowe, Newcastle | 31 December 1807 | March 1808 | 21 November 1808 | Sold November 1832 |- | [[HMS Calliope (1808)|''Calliope'']] | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 8 July 1808 | Broken up, completed 13 August 1829 |- | [[HMS Hope (1808)|''Hope'']] | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 22 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 |- | [[HMS Britomart (1808)|''Britomart'']] | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 28 July 1808 | Sold 3 February 1819 |- | [[HMS Prince Arthur (1808)|''Prince Arthur'']] | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | April 1808 | 28 July 1808 | Sold 1808 to Sultan of Morocco (prior to completion) |- | [[HMS Cordelia (1808)|''Cordelia'']] | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 26 July 1808 | Sold 12 December 1833 |- | [[HMS Redpole (1808)|''Redpole'']] | Robert Guillaume, [[Northam, Southampton|Northam]] | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 29 July 1808 | Sunk in action August 1828 against pirate vessel ''Congress'' |- | [[HMS Helicon (1808)|''Helicon'']] | John King, Upnor | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 8 August 1808 | Broken up July 1829 |- | [[HMS Lyra (1808)|''Lyra'']] | John Dudman & Co., Deptford | 31 December 1807 | May 1808 | 22 August 1808 | Sold 11 July 1818 |- | [[HMS Beaver (1809)|''Beaver'']] | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | April 1808 | October 1808 | 16 February 1809 | Sold 24 June 1829 |- | [[HMS Drake (1808)|''Drake'']] | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 27 June 1808 | August 1808 | 3 November 1808 | Wrecked 22 June 1822 |- | [[HMS Rosario (1808)|''Rosario'']] | Jabez Bailey, Ipswich | 27 June 1808 | August 1808 | 7 December 1808 | Sold November 1832 |- | [[HMS Renard (1808)|''Renard'']] | John King, Upnor | 9 July 1808 | August 1808 | 5 December 1808 | Sold 29 June 1818 |- | [[HMS Tyrian (1808)|''Tyrian'']] | Robert Guillaume, Northam | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 16 December 1808 | Sold 22 July 1819 |- | [[HMS Bermuda (1808)|''Bermuda'']] | John Pelham, Frindsbury | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 20 December 1808 | Wrecked 16 November 1816 |- | [[HMS Rhodian (1809)|''Rhodian'']] | Robert Guillaume, Northam | 18 July 1808 | August 1808 | 3 January 1809 | Wrecked 21 February 1813 |- | [[HMS Sarpedon (1809)|''Sarpedon'']] | John Warwick, Eling | 30 September 1808 | September 1808 | 1 February 1809 | Wrecked 1 January 1813 |} Two vessels were ordered 2 October 1812. These were built in India at the [[Bombay Dockyard (Royal Navy)|Bombay Dockyard]] under a contract from the British [[East India Company]]. They were built of teak, but were otherwise identical to their predecessors. {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Name ! Built by ! Ordered ! Launched ! Disposition |- | {{HMS|Sphinx|1815|2}} | Bombay Dockyard | 2 October 1812 | 25 January 1815 | Sold 6 August 1835 |- | {{HMS|Cameleon|1816|2}} | Bombay Dockyard, | 2 October 1812 | 15 January 1816 | Broken up in April 1849 |} ==1818–1821 orders== Unlike the wartime batch, all the post-war batches were built in the Royal Dockyards rather than by contractors. Note that several names of vessels from the 1808–1816 batch were re-used for vessels in the second or third batches (as indicated below). Thirty-five vessels were ordered in 1817–1821 – twelve on 13 June 1817, twelve on 2 November 1818, two on 8 December 1818, six on 23 May 1820, one on 6 January 1821 and two on 19 April 1821. {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Name ! Built by HM Dockyard ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched |- | [[HMS Alacrity (1818)|''Alacrity'']] | [[Deptford Dockyard|Deptford]] | 13 June 1817 | October 1817 | 29 December 1818 |- | [[HMS Ariel (1820)|''Ariel'']] | Deptford | 13 June 1817 | February 1819 | 28 July 1820 |- | [[HMS Barracouta (1820)|''Barracouta'']] | [[Woolwich Dockyard|Woolwich]] | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 13 May 1820 |- | [[HMS Beagle (1820)|''Beagle'']] ("Darwin's ''Beagle''") | Woolwich | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 11 May 1820 |- | [[HMS Bustard (1818)|''Bustard'']] | [[Chatham Dockyard|Chatham]] | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 12 December 1818 |- | [[HMS Brisk (1819)|''Brisk'']] | Chatham | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 10 February 1819 |- | [[HMS Delight (1819)|''Delight'']] | [[Portsmouth Dockyard|Portsmouth]] | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 10 May 1819 |- | [[HMS Cygnet (1819)|''Cygnet'']] | Portsmouth | 13 June 1817 | November 1817 | 11 May 1819 |- | [[HMS Eclipse (1819)|''Eclipse'']] | [[Plymouth Dockyard|Plymouth]] | 13 June 1817 | March 1818 | 23 July 1819 |- | [[HMS Emulous (1819)|''Emulous'']] (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 13 June 1817 | June 1818 | 16 December 1819 |- | [[HMS Falcon (1820)|''Falcon'']] | [[Pembroke Dock|Pembroke]] | 13 June 1817 | May 1818 | 10 June 1820 |- | [[HMS Frolic (1820)|''Frolic'']] | Pembroke | 13 June 1817 | August 1818 | 10 June 1820 |- | [[HMS Lyra (1821)|''Lyra'']] (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 2 November 1818 | March 1819 | 1 June 1821 |- | [[HMS Jasper (1820)|''Jasper'']] (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 2 November 1818 | May 1819 | 26 July 1820 |- | [[HMS Britomart (1820)|''Britomart'']] (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 2 November 1818 | June 1819 | 24 August 1820 |- | [[HMS Partridge (1822)|''Partridge'']] | Plymouth | 2 November 1818 | December 1819 | 22 March 1822 |- | [[HMS Reynard (1821)|''Reynard'']] (2nd of name) | Pembroke | 2 November 1818 | May 1820 | 26 October 1821 |- | [[HMS Weazle (1822)|''Weazle'']] | Chatham | 2 November 1818 | May 1820 | 26 March 1822 |- | [[HMS Kingfisher (1823)|''Kingfisher'']] | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | December 1820 | 11 March 1823 |- | [[HMS Procris (1822)|''Procris'']] | Chatham | 2 November 1818 | March 1821 | 21 June 1822 |- | [[HMS Algerine (1823)|''Algerine'']] | Deptford | 2 November 1818 | April 1821 | 10 June 1823 |- | [[HMS Magnet (1823)|''Magnet'']] | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | June 1821 | 13 March 1823 |- | ''Halcyon'' | Woolwich | 2 November 1818 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 |- | [[HMS Zephyr (1823)|''Zephyr'']] | Pembroke | 2 November 1818 | November 1821 | 1 November 1823 |- | [[HMS Opossum (1821)|''Opossum'']] (2nd of name) | [[Sheerness Dockyard|Sheerness]] | 2 November 1818 | November 1819 | 11 December 1821 |- | [[HMS Onyx (1822)|''Onyx'']] (2nd of name) | Sheerness | 2 November 1818 | November 1819 | 24 January 1822 |- | [[HMS Plover (1821)|''Plover'']] | Portsmouth | 23 May 1820 | August 1820 | 30 June 1821 |- | [[HMS Ferret (1821)|''Ferret'']] | Portsmouth | 23 May 1820 | August 1820 | 12 October 1821 |- | [[HMS Hope (1824)|''Hope'']] (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 23 May 1820 | March 1822 | 8 December 1824 |- | [[HMS Mutine (1825)|''Mutine'']] | Plymouth | 23 May 1820 | April 1822 | 19 May 1825 |- | ''Forester'' | Deptford | 23 May 1820 | unknown | Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 |- | ''Griffon'' | Deptford | 23 May 1820 | unknown | Re-ordered at Chatham 23 May 1826 |- | [[HMS Tyrian (1826)|''Tyrian'']] (2nd of name) | Woolwich | 6 January 1821 | April 1823 | 16 September 1826 |- | [[HMS Philomel (1823)|''Philomel'']] | Portsmouth | 19 April 1821 | June 1821 | 28 April 1823 |- | [[HMS Royalist (1823)|''Royalist'']] | Portsmouth | 19 April 1821 | August 1821 | 12 May 1823 |} ==1823–1826 orders== Forty-four vessels were ordered in 1823–1826, thirty on 25 March 1823, two on 23 November 1824, two on 7 December 1824, four on 23 May 1826 and six on 28 October 1826. Of these only thirty-four were built as sailing brigs; four were cancelled outright, and the orders for six more were replaced (before any work had commenced) by orders for paddle vessels, using the same names. {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Name ! Built by HM Dockyard ! Ordered ! Laid down ! Launched |- | [[HMS Leveret (1825)|''Leveret'']] (2nd of name) | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | May 1823 | 19 February 1825 |- | [[HMS Musquito (1825)|''Musquito'']] | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | May 1823 | 19 February 1825 |- | [[HMS Hearty (1824)|''Hearty'']] | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | July 1823 | 22 October 1824 |- | [[HMS Myrtle (1825)|''Myrtle'']] | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | July 1823 | 14 September 1825 |- | [[HMS Lapwing (1825)|''Lapwing'']] | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | September 1823 | 20 February 1825 |- | [[HMS Sheldrake (1825)|''Sheldrake'']] | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | November 1823 | 19 May 1825 |- | [[HMS Harpy (1825)|''Harpy'']] | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | March 1824 | 16 July 1825 |- | [[HMS Fairy (1826)|''Fairy'']] | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | July 1824 | 25 April 1826 |- | [[HMS Skylark (1826)|''Skylark'']] | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | May 1825 | 6 May 1826 |- | [[HMS Espoir (1826)|''Espoir'']] | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | January 1825 | 9 May 1826 |- | [[HMS Calypso (1826)|''Calypso'']] (2nd of name) (ex ''Hyaena'') | Chatham | 25 March 1823 | March 1825 | 19 August 1826 |- | [[HMS Spey (1827)|''Spey'']] | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | July 1825 | 6 October 1827 |- | [[HMS Variable (1827)|''Variable'']] | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | May 1826 | 6 October 1827 |- | [[HMS Briseis (1829)|''Briseis'']] (2nd of name) | Deptford | 25 March 1823 | August 1827 | 3 July 1829 |- | [[HMS Rapid (1829)|''Rapid'']] | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | January 1824 | 17 August 1829 |- | [[HMS Recruit (1829)|''Recruit'']] | Portsmouth | 25 March 1823 | February 1825 | 17 August 1829 |- | [[HMS Reindeer (1829)|''Reindeer'']] | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | December 1824 | 29 September 1829 |- | [[HMS Thais (1829)|''Thais'']] | Pembroke | 25 March 1823 | July 1828 | 12 October 1829 |- | [[HMS Rolla (1829)|''Rolla'']] (2nd of name) | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | June 1825 | 10 December 1829 |- | [[HMS Savage (1830)|''Savage'']] | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | October 1829 | 29 December 1830 |- | [[HMS Saracen (1831)|''Saracen'']] | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | December 1829 | 30 January 1831 |- | [[HMS Scorpion (1832)|''Scorpion'']] | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | June 1830 | 28 July 1832 |- | ''Sealark'' | Plymouth | 25 March 1823 | November 1830 | Cancelled 10 January 1831 |- | ''Hyaena'' (ex ''Calypso'') | Deptford | 25 March 1823 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 |- | [[HMS Termagent (1838)|''Termagent'']] | Portsmouth | 23 November 1824 | October 1829 | 26 March 1838 |- | [[HMS Lynx (1833)|''Lynx'']] | Portsmouth | 23 November 1824 | February 1830 | 2 September 1833 |- | [[HMS Nautilus (1830)|''Nautilus'']] | Woolwich | 7 December 1824 | April 1829 | 11 March 1830 |- | [[HMS Curlew (1830)|''Curlew'']] | Woolwich | 7 December 1824 | November 1829 | 25 February 1830 |- | [[HMS Delight (1829)|''Delight'']] (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | August 1827 | 27 November 1829 |- | [[HMS Algerine (1829)|''Algerine'']] (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | October 1827 | 1 August 1829 |- | [[HMS Griffon (1832)|''Griffon'']] (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | July 1830 | 11 September 1832 |- | [[HMS Forester (1832)|''Forester'']] (2nd of name) | Chatham | 23 May 1826 | September 1830 | 28 August 1832 |- | [[HMS Partridge (1829)|''Partridge'']] (2nd of name) | Pembroke | 28 October 1826 | August 1828 | 12 October 1829 |- | [[HMS Wizard (1830)|''Wizard'']] | Pembroke | 28 October 1826 | October 1829 | 24 May 1830 |- | [[HMS Charybdis (1831)|''Charybdis'']] | Portsmouth | 28 October 1826 | December 1829 | 27 February 1831 |- | [[HMS Buzzard (1834)|''Buzzard'']] | Portsmouth | 28 October 1826 | December 1829 | 23 March 1834 |- | ''Foxhound'' | Plymouth | 28 October 1826 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 |- | ''Helena'' | Plymouth | 28 October 1826 | unknown | Cancelled 21 February 1831 |} Six of the vessels originally ordered 25 March 1823 were swiftly re-ordered as paddle steamers in May 1824 – ''Alban'' and ''Carron'' (both at Deptford), ''Columbia'', ''Confiance'', ''Dee'' and ''Echo'' (all four at Woolwich). ==Citations== {{reflist}} ==References== *{{cite book |title=The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy|last1=Blake |first1=Nicholas|last2=Lawrence|first2=Richard |year=1999|publisher=Chatham Publishing|location= London|isbn=1-86176-090-6}} *{{Cite Colledge2006}} *{{cite book|first=Roger|last=Knight|year=2022|title=Convoys|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=9780300268751}} * Rif Winfield, ''[[The Sail and Steam Navy List]], 1815–1889'' (Chatham Publishing, 2004) * Rif Winfield, ''[[British Warships in the Age of Sail]], 1793–1817'' (2nd edition, Seaforth Publishing, 2009) * Rif Winfield, ''[[British Warships in the Age of Sail]], 1817–1863'' (Seaforth Publishing, 2014). *{{Cite web | last = FitzRoy | first = Robert | author-link = Robert FitzRoy | year = 1839 | title = Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships ''Adventure'' and ''Beagle'' between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the ''Beagle'''s circumnavigation of the globe. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831–36, under the command of Captain Robert Fitz-Roy, R.N. | location = London | publisher = Henry Colburn | volume=II | url = http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F10.2&viewtype=text&pageseq=1 | access-date =2009-01-30 }} *{{cite book |last = James |first = William |authorlink = |year = 1827 |orig-date= |chapter = |title = The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume V, 1808–1811 |publisher = Richard Bentley |location = London |oclc = 918372293}} * {{cite book | first = John Lort | last = Stokes | author-link =John Lort Stokes | year = 1846 | title = Discoveries in Australia | publisher = T and W. Boone | location = London | title-link = Discoveries in Australia }}, [[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 1|Volume 1]], [[Wikisource:Discoveries in Australia/Volume 2|Volume 2]] *{{cite book|first=James|last=Taylor|author-link=James Taylor (British author and historian)|title=Voyage of the Beagle: Darwin's Extraordinary Adventure in Fitzroy's Famous Survey Ship|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g7C-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT36|year=2008|publisher=[[Conway Publishing]], Anova Books|isbn=978-1-84486-066-1|chapter=1: The Origin & Design of HMS ''Beagle''}} [[Category:Cherokee-class brig-sloops| ]] [[Category:Sloop classes]]

1,299,139,787

[{"title": "Class overview", "data": {"Name": "Cherokee-class brig-sloop", "Operators": "Royal Navy", "Planned": "115", "Completed": "- 36 in first batch - 34 in second batch (with another 1 being cancelled) - 34 in third batch (with another 4 cancelled and 6 orders replaced by orders for equivalent steam-assisted paddle vessels)", "Cancelled": "11"}}, {"title": "General characteristics", "data": {"Type": "Brig-sloop", "Tons burthen": "238 bm", "Length": "- Overall: 90 ft 0 in (27.43 m) - Keel: 73 ft 7+5\u20448 in (22.4 m)", "Beam": "24 ft 6 in (7.47 m)", "Draught": "12 ft 6 in (3.8 m)", "Depth of hold": "11 ft 0 in (3.4 m)", "Propulsion": "Sails", "Complement": "- Sloop-of-war:75 - Survey voyages: On Beagle's second voyage, 65 plus 9 supernumeraries", "Armament": "- Sloop-of-war:2 \u00d7 6-pounder bow chasers + 8 \u00d7 18-pounder carronades - Survey voyages:6 guns"}}]

false

# Istiklal Mosque, Sarajevo Istiklal Mosque (Bosnian: Istiklal džamija) is one of the largest mosques in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was named after Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta, the national mosque of Indonesia, since the mosque was a gift from the Indonesian people and government for Bosnia and Herzegovina as a token of solidarity and friendship between the two nations. The name "Istiklal" is Arabic for 'independence', thus it is also meant to commemorate the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ## Activities Other than its regular function as a house of prayers; the regular daily 5 times salat and other prayers (Jumu'ah and Eids), Istiqlal mosque also hosts maktab and Quran recital competitions for children and adults. The mosque also served as Project Bureau Center for Islamic Architecture, arranging Sharia weddings, and also as Indonesian Cultural Center. ## History During his visit to the war torn city of Sarajevo in March 1995 and a courtesy call to Bosnian President Alija Izetbegović, Indonesian President Suharto contemplated an idea to build a mosque in the city as a gift for the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Suharto mobilized his administrations to realize his idea, and appointed Fauzan Noe’man, one of Indonesia's foremost architect to design the mosque and proceed with the project. Noe'man was known for his works in constructing grand mosque of Batam, Baiturrahim mosque in Merdeka Palace complex, and also At-Tin mosque (1999) in East Jakarta near Taman Mini Indonesia Indah. The project is started in 1995, however because of the turmoil in Indonesia that led to Suharto's presidency ending in 1998, the construction process was stalled. The mosque was completed and inaugurated in September 2001 by Indonesian Minister of Religious Affairs Said Agil Al Munawar. A year later in September 2002 during her stately visit to Sarajevo, President Megawati Soekarnoputri also visited the mosque. ## Architecture The Istiqlal mosque of Sarajevo demonstrate postmodern interpretation of Islamic architecture as viewed from Indonesian perspective. The mosque built with simple geometric elements and patterns on metal-works made from stainless steel or aluminum and glass blocks applied on facade, windows and arches. The exterior were covered with white tiles, while the interior, especially in mihrab, minbar and window frames were adorned with Indonesian wooden carving of floral ornaments. Built on 2,800 square meters land on Otoka on western side of the city, the mosque is one among the largest mosque in Sarajevo and easily recognizable as the landmark in the neighborhood. The mosque has a single copper-colored dome measured 27 meters tall and 27 meters in diameter. The dome is equipped with three horizontal openings around the dome to allow natural lights to enter the mosque's interior beneath the dome. This type of dome is similar to those of At-Tin mosque in Jakarta, also designed by Fauzan Noe’man. Two twin towers flanking the entrance with reminiscent of Iranian iwan facade style. The tower height is 48 meters. The tip of the dome and twin towers are adorned with three spherical pinnacles with star and crescent on top of it. The twin towers symbolize two nations, as the mosque represents the friendship and solidarity between Indonesia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

enwiki/39771422

enwiki

39,771,422

Istiklal Mosque, Sarajevo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istiklal_Mosque,_Sarajevo

2025-05-28T14:00:23Z

en

Q17006336

97,056

{{Short description|Mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina}} {{About|a mosque in Sarajevo|similar-named national mosque of Indonesia|Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta}} {{Infobox religious building | name = Istiklal Mosque | native_name = Istiklal džamija | image = Istiklal džamija Sarajevo.jpg | caption = | religious_affiliation = [[Islam]] | location = Bulevar Meše Selimovića 85, [[Sarajevo]] 387 33, [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] | established = 2001 | tradition = [[Sunni Islam]] | architect = {{ill|Achmad Noe'man|id}} | architecture_type = Mosque | architecture_style = [[Postmodern architecture|Postmodern]] | interior_area = {{convert|2,500|m2|abbr=on}} | dome_quantity = 1 | dome_height_outer = 27 meters | dome_dia_outer = 27 meters | minaret_quantity = 2 | minaret_height = 48 meters | general_contractor = [[Republic of Indonesia|Indonesia]] | construction_cost = [[United States dollar|US$]] 2.7 million | website = | coordinates = {{coord|43.846350|18.360833| region:BA|display=inline,title}} | map_type = Bosnia and Herzegovina | map_caption = Location in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] }} '''Istiklal Mosque''' ({{langx|bs|Istiklal džamija}}) is one of the largest mosques in [[Sarajevo]], the capital of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. It was named after [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta]], the [[national mosque]] of [[Indonesia]], since the mosque was a gift from the Indonesian people and government for Bosnia and Herzegovina as a token of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina–Indonesia relations|solidarity and friendship between the two nations]].<ref name="Deplu">{{cite web |url =http://www.deplu.go.id/Lists/BilateralCooperation/DispForm.aspx?ID=159 |archive-url =https://archive.today/20130624202533/http://www.deplu.go.id/Lists/BilateralCooperation/DispForm.aspx?ID=159 |url-status =dead |archive-date =24 June 2013 |title =Kerjasama Bilateral, Bosnia-Herzegovina |language =id |publisher =Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Indonesia |access-date =25 June 2013 }} </ref> The name "Istiklal" is [[Arabic]] for 'independence', thus it is also meant to commemorate the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ==Activities== Other than its regular function as a house of prayers; the regular daily 5 times [[salat]] and other prayers ([[Jumu'ah]] and [[Muslim holidays|Eids]]), Istiqlal mosque also hosts [[Maktab (education)|maktab]] and [[Quran]] recital competitions for children and adults. The mosque also served as Project Bureau Center for Islamic Architecture, arranging Sharia weddings, and also as Indonesian Cultural Center.<ref name="IslamFinder"> {{cite web |url = http://www.islamicfinder.org/getitWorld.php?id=50884&lang= |title = Istiqlal Mosque |publisher = Islamic Finder |access-date = 25 June 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110919001800/http://www.islamicfinder.org/getitWorld.php?id=50884&lang= |archive-date = 19 September 2011 |url-status = dead }} </ref> ==History== During his visit to the [[Bosnian War|war torn]] city of Sarajevo in March 1995 and a courtesy call to Bosnian President [[Alija Izetbegović]], Indonesian President [[Suharto]] contemplated an idea to build a mosque in the city as a gift for the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Suharto mobilized his administrations to realize his idea, and appointed Fauzan Noe’man, one of Indonesia's foremost architect to design the mosque and proceed with the project. Noe'man was known for his works in constructing grand mosque of [[Batam]], Baiturrahim mosque in [[Merdeka Palace]] complex, and also At-Tin mosque (1999) in East Jakarta near [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]]. The project is started in 1995, however because of the turmoil in Indonesia that led to [[Post-Suharto era|Suharto's presidency ending in 1998]], the construction process was stalled. The mosque was completed and inaugurated in September 2001 by Indonesian Minister of Religious Affairs Said Agil Al Munawar.<ref name="Deplu"/> A year later in September 2002 during her stately visit to Sarajevo, President [[Megawati Soekarnoputri]] also visited the mosque. ==Architecture== The Istiqlal mosque of Sarajevo demonstrate [[postmodern architecture|postmodern]] interpretation of [[Islamic architecture]] as viewed from [[Indonesian architecture|Indonesian]] perspective. The mosque built with simple geometric elements and patterns on metal-works made from stainless steel or aluminum and glass blocks applied on facade, windows and arches. The exterior were covered with white tiles, while the interior, especially in [[mihrab]], [[minbar]] and window frames were adorned with Indonesian wooden carving of floral ornaments. Built on 2,800 square meters land on Otoka on western side of the city, the mosque is one among the largest mosque in Sarajevo and easily recognizable as the landmark in the neighborhood. The mosque has a single copper-colored dome measured 27 meters tall and 27 meters in diameter. The dome is equipped with three horizontal openings around the dome to allow natural lights to enter the mosque's interior beneath the dome. This type of dome is similar to those of At-Tin mosque in Jakarta, also designed by Fauzan Noe’man. Two twin towers flanking the entrance with reminiscent of Iranian [[iwan]] facade style. The tower height is 48 meters. The tip of the dome and twin towers are adorned with three spherical pinnacles with star and crescent on top of it. The twin towers symbolize two nations, as the mosque represents the friendship and solidarity between Indonesia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ==See also== * [[Bosnia and Herzegovina–Indonesia relations]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/22824b/ Pictures of Istiqlal Mosque, Sarajevo] {{Commons category|Istiqlal Mosque (Sarajevo)}} {{Sarajevo}} {{Mosques in Bosnia and Herzegovina}} [[Category:Mosques in Sarajevo]] [[Category:Mosques completed in 2001]]

1,292,729,392

[{"title": "Religion", "data": {"Affiliation": "Islam", "Branch/tradition": "Sunni Islam"}}, {"title": "Location", "data": {"Location": ["Bulevar Me\u0161e Selimovi\u0107a 85, Sarajevo 387 33, Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina"], "Geographic coordinates": "43\u00b050\u203247\u2033N 18\u00b021\u203239\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff43.846350\u00b0N 18.360833\u00b0E"}}, {"title": "Architecture", "data": {"Architect(s)": "Achmad Noe'man", "Type": "Mosque", "Style": "Postmodern", "General contractor": "Indonesia", "Date established": "2001", "Construction cost": "US$ 2.7 million"}}, {"title": "Specifications", "data": {"Interior area": "2,500 m2 (27,000 sq ft)", "Dome(s)": "1", "Dome height (outer)": "27 meters", "Dome dia. (outer)": "27 meters", "Minaret(s)": "2", "Minaret height": "48 meters"}}]

false

# Say Anything (X Japan song) "Say Anything" is a single released by X Japan on December 1, 1991. ## Summary It is the band's last single released under the name X and the last to feature Taiji on bass. The B-side is a live version of "Silent Jealousy", recorded on November 12, 1991, at Yokohama Arena. Both songs were originally featured on the album Jealousy. A cover of the title song appears on the album Global Trance 2, by the pop band Globe, of which Yoshiki was briefly a member. It was also used as the theme song for the TV drama Lullaby Keiji (ララバイ刑事). ## Commercial performance The song reached number 3 on the Oricon charts, and charted for 25 weeks. In 1992, with 537,790 copies sold was the 33rd best-selling single of the year, being certified Platinum by RIAJ. ## Track listing All tracks are written by Yoshiki. | No. | Title | Length | | --- | -------------------------------- | ------ | | 1. | "Say Anything" | 8:39 | | 2. | "Silent Jealousy (Live Version)" | 7:49 | ## Personnel X - Toshi – vocals - Pata – guitar - hide – guitar - Taiji – bass - Yoshiki – drums, piano Other - Co-Producer – Naoshi Tsuda - Mixed by – Rich Breen - Art Direction and Design – Mitsuo Izumisawa - Cover Photography – Hitoshi Iwakiri - Artist Photography – Hideo Canno[1]

enwiki/6456884

enwiki

6,456,884

Say Anything (X Japan song)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say_Anything_(X_Japan_song)

2025-05-02T22:08:02Z

en

Q1325912

60,385

{{Short description|1991 single by X Japan}} {{Infobox song | name = Say Anything | cover = Sayanything jpg.jpg | alt = | type = single | artist = [[X Japan|X]] | album = [[Jealousy (X Japan album)|Jealousy]] | released = {{start date|1991|12|1}} | recorded = November 12, 1991 at [[Yokohama Arena]] (track 2) | studio = | venue = | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Progressive metal]] * [[symphonic metal]]}} | length = 16:28 | label = [[Sony Music Entertainment Japan|Sony]] | writer = [[Yoshiki (musician)|Yoshiki]] | producer = X | prev_title = [[Standing Sex]] | prev_year = 1991 | next_title = [[Tears (X Japan song)|Tears]] | next_year = 1993 }} "'''Say Anything'''" is a single released by [[X Japan]] on December 1, 1991.<ref name="discogs"> {{cite web | title = X - Say Anything | work = discogs.com | url = http://www.discogs.com/X-Say-Anything/release/2304774 | accessdate = 2011-11-13}} </ref> ==Summary== It is the band's last single released under the name X and the last to feature [[Taiji (musician)|Taiji]] on bass. The B-side is a live version of "[[Silent Jealousy]]", recorded on November 12, 1991, at [[Yokohama Arena]]. Both songs were originally featured on the album ''[[Jealousy (X Japan album)|Jealousy]]''. A cover of the title song appears on the album ''Global Trance 2'', by the pop band [[Globe (band)|Globe]],<ref>{{cite web| title = ''Global Trance 2''| work = cdjapan.co.jp| url = http://www.cdjapan.co.jp/product/AVCG-70012| accessdate = 2008-06-20}}</ref> of which [[Yoshiki (musician)|Yoshiki]] was briefly a member.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.avexnet.or.jp/globe/profile.html| title=Globe profile| work=avexnet.or.jp|accessdate=2017-04-04|language=Japanese|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120719163625/http://www.avexnet.or.jp/globe/profile.html|archivedate=2012-07-19}}</ref> It was also used as the theme song for the TV drama {{nihongo|''Lullaby Keiji''|ララバイ刑事}}.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzeSd4SvU7cC&q=Lullaby+Keiji+say+anything&pg=PA173|title=The Dorama Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese TV Drama Since 1953|publisher=Stone Bridge Press|year=2003|author=Jonathan Clements, Motoko Tamamuro|isbn=9781880656815|pages=173}}</ref> ==Commercial performance== The song reached number 3 on the [[Oricon]] charts, and charted for 25 weeks.<ref name="Oricon singles">{{cite web | url = http://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/artist/26180/ranking/cd_single/ | script-title=ja:ＸＪＡＰＡＮのシングル売り上げランキング | work = oricon.co.jp | publisher = [[Oricon]] | accessdate = 2011-12-10 | language = Japanese}}</ref> In 1992, with 537,790 copies sold was the 33rd best-selling single of the year, being certified Platinum by [[Recording Industry Association of Japan|RIAJ]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaj.or.jp/f/data/cert/gd.html|title=月次認定作品認定年月：1992年 3月|publisher=RIAJ|accessdate=2017-05-10|language=Japanese}}</ref> ==Track listing== {{track listing | all_writing = [[Yoshiki (musician)|Yoshiki]] | title1 = Say Anything | length1 = 8:39 | title2 = [[Silent Jealousy]] (Live Version) | length2 = 7:49 }} ==Personnel== ;X *[[Toshi (musician)|Toshi]] – vocals *[[Pata (musician)|Pata]] – guitar *[[Hide (musician)|hide]] – guitar *[[Taiji (musician)|Taiji]] – bass *[[Yoshiki (musician)|Yoshiki]] – drums, piano ;Other * Co-Producer – Naoshi Tsuda * Mixed by – Rich Breen * Art Direction and Design – Mitsuo Izumisawa * Cover Photography – Hitoshi Iwakiri * Artist Photography – Hideo Canno<ref name="discogs"/> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{X Japan}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:X Japan songs]] [[Category:Songs written by Yoshiki (musician)]] [[Category:Japanese television drama theme songs]] [[Category:Heavy metal ballads]] [[Category:1991 singles]] [[Category:Songs in Japanese]] [[Category:1991 songs]] [[Category:Sony Music Entertainment Japan singles]] [[Category:Torch songs]] [[Category:1990s ballads]] {{1990s-metal-song-stub}}

1,288,477,102

[{"title": "from the album Jealousy", "data": {"Released": "December 1, 1991", "Recorded": "November 12, 1991 at Yokohama Arena (track 2)", "Genre": "Progressive metal symphonic metal", "Length": "16:28", "Label": "Sony", "Songwriter(s)": "Yoshiki", "Producer(s)": "X"}}, {"title": "X singles chronology", "data": {"\"Standing Sex\" \u00b7 (1991)": "\"Say Anything\" \u00b7 (1991) \u00b7 \"Tears\" \u00b7 (1993)"}}, {"title": "X Japan", "data": {"Albums": "Vanishing Vision Blue Blood Jealousy Art of Life Dahlia Unreleased sixth album", "Live albums": "On the Verge of Destruction 1992.1.7 Tokyo Dome Live Live Live Live Tokyo Dome 1993\u20131996 Live Live Live Extra Live in Hokkaido 1995.12.4 Bootleg Art of Life Live The Last Live", "Compilations": "X Singles B.O.X ~Best of X~ Ballad Collection X Japan Singles ~Atlantic Years~ Special Box Star Box Perfect Best Best: Fan's Selection Complete II The World: X Japan Hatsu no Zensekai Best", "Other albums": "Trance X We Are X", "Singles": "\" I'll Kill You \" \" Orgasm \" \" Kurenai \" \" Endless Rain \" \" Week End \" \" Silent Jealousy \" \" Standing Sex \" \" Say Anything \" \" Tears \" \" Rusty Nail \" \" Longing ~Togireta Melody~ \" \" Longing ~Setsubou no Yoru~ \" \" Dahlia \" \" Forever Love \" \" Crucify My Love \" \" Scars \" \" Forever Love (Last Mix) \" \" The Last Song \" \" I.V. \" \" Scarlet Love Song \" \" Jade \" \" Born to Be Free \" \" Angel \"", "Home video": "Blue Blood Tour Bakuhatsu Sunzen Gig On the Verge of Destruction 1992.1.7 Tokyo Dome Live Visual Shock Vol. 4 X Japan Clips II The Last Live Video Art of Life 1993.12.31 Tokyo Dome Aoi Yoru Shiroi Yoru Aoi Yoru Shiroi Yoru Complete Edition X Japan Returns 1993.12.30 X Japan Returns 1993.12.31 X Visual Shock DVD Box 1989\u20131992 The Last Live Complete Edition", "Related articles": "Discography Tours and performances We Are X Extasy Records S.K.I.N."}}]

false

# Princess Python Princess Python is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. ## Publication history Princess Python, Zelda DuBois, is a snake charmer who controls a gigantic snake to help with her crimes. She first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #22 (March 1965), created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko. Zelda DuBois started out as a snake charmer, using a 25-foot python in her act. She later became a criminal, using a gigantic snake under her mental control to commit crimes as Princess Python, part of the Circus of Crime. DuBois and the Circus are part of a group of villains that interrupt the wedding of Avengers Yellowjacket and the Wasp. She later becomes a member of the Serpent Squad as well as its successor the Serpent Society, but leaves the group as she is not a killer. She later rejoins the Circus, but then ends up in a romantic relationship with Johnny Blaze, former Ghost Rider, until they are attacked by Arcade. DuBois has been married to both Stilt-Man and Gibbon and was later revealed to be the mother of Executioner from the Young Masters, although her son is not aware of his mother's alter ego. In 2015, Princess Python became a member of Serpent Solutions as part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel. ## Fictional character biography Zelda DuBois, born in Darlington, South Carolina, developed an act as a snake charmer and circus performer using a twenty-five foot python as a young adult. Presumably, she joined the Circus of Crime in its early days but isn't actually seen as a professional criminal until the formation of the Masters of Menace. It is, in fact, the Princess who convinces the others to get rid of the Ringmaster, appoint the Clown as the leader, rename the group (she comes up with the name), and go out on a crime spree of their own. The Masters of Menace steal paintings from a Madison Avenue art gallery where they run afoul of Spider-Man. However, the web-slinger is unwilling to hit a woman and turns out to be putty in Zelda's hands. She tries to remove his mask but he stops her in time. She maneuvers the wall-crawler into a fight with her pet after jamming his web shooters with an electric prod, but is defeated when Spider-Man tricks the python into a knot and maneuvers her into the arms of the law. When they get out of prison, the Masters of Menace agree to rejoin the Ringmaster and his Circus of Crime. They try to hypnotize Avengers members Hawkeye, Quicksilver, and the Scarlet Witch into joining them but fail. Princess Python fights hand-to-hand with the Scarlet Witch after trying to cover her eyes, but loses when the Witch uses her hex power to soak her down with water, preventing her whistling for her pet. The Circus of Crime does escape capture, however, though it is later mentioned the D.A. "wormed the truth out of Princess Python". The Circus next schemes to steal a huge golden bull but they need a new strong man to replace theirs since "he strained himself trying to lift the elephant". They find the Mighty Thor who has been stripped of his godly power but is still superhumanly strong. Thor is hypnotized into stealing the massive golden bull but Princess Python is trapped under the idol in the melee that follows. Thor rescues her. The grateful and somewhat smitten Princess tells the police that Thor was duped into helping them before she uses her snake to escape and rejoin the Circus. In their next caper, the Circus disguises themselves as caterers in order to sneak into Avengers Mansion so they can disrupt the wedding of Yellowjacket and the Wasp. Zelda's giant python jumps out of the wedding cake and puts the squeeze on the Wasp. But Yellowjacket turns out to be Hank Pym (which no one knew at the time) and he disrupts the plan by turning into Giant-Man, yanking the python off of the Wasp and tying it around the Ringmaster instead. Princess Python tries to sneak away, only to be decked by a punch from the Wasp. The Circus then sets up a scheme that involves enlisting a mind-controlled Ulik the Troll as an accomplice. Thor thwarts the plan and ties Zelda up with her own python in the process. At this point, the Princess strikes out on her own. She goes to Stark Industries and manages an opportunity to get her python around Tony Stark. She tells the world that she wants "one million dollars and a jet plane to South America" or Stark dies. Stark, secretly Iron Man, frees himself by using his chest-plate to shock the snake. This isn't good enough. According to Zelda, her "precious" has been specially bred to be able to crush Iron Man's armor. The python nearly does so until Iron Man kills it by tossing it in a vat of acid. Zelda is so distraught over the death of her pet that she jumps in after it, only to be saved by Iron Man before she hits the acid. Iron Man, clearly not a pet lover, suggests the Princess be "taken care of by good doctors" because of her excessive hatred of him over the death of her snake. Apparently, the Princess gets away from those doctors. The Princess acquires a new trained python and gets recruited by Viper to start a new Serpent Squad. Zelda breaks the Cobra and the Eel out of jail and they all battle Captain America in his Nomad identity. Eventually they are joined by Warlord Krang who is in possession of the Serpent Crown and the whole thing ends up involving the Sub-Mariner and Roxxon Oil. The Princess is defeated and led off to jail. She is back with the Circus of Crime soon after, but she and the Circus are defeated by Daredevil. But the Circus never makes it to jail. They are freed from a prison wagon on its way to the penitentiary by Live Wire who then joins the group. But she ends up back with the Circus when the group captures Luke Cage. Zelda finds herself attracted to Luke which doesn't please Luke's girlfriend Claire Temple. With the help of Black Goliath, Luke Cage defeats the Circus. Zelda is stopped when Luke's pal D.W. Griffith hypnotizes her with the Ringmaster's hat. With the Circus of Crime, Princess Python captures the sea-nymph Meriam, and fights the Hulk. The Circus reaches its lowest point when it tries to enlist Howard the Duck as an unwilling accomplice, but he defeats them with help from Iris Raritan. Zelda gets bitten on the nose by Howard and runs away sobbing. There is an adventure involving the Thing, Iceman, and the former Black Goliath now calling himself Giant-Man, and another involving the mind-controlled Hulk and Dragon Man. Then Death Adder recruits Zelda to join the Serpent Society and she attends an organizational meeting. The Society is led by Sidewinder and its other members are Constrictor, Black Mamba, Cottonmouth, Diamondback, Bushmaster, the Cobra, the Asp, the Rattler, and Anaconda. The Society is a longtime thorn in Captain America's side but the Princess decides to break away from the group when they are dispatched to kill MODOK. She is captured and brought back, where she is questioned and tortured by Sidewinder. She is sent to be ransomed back to the Circus of Crime, but Death Adder, who is delivering her, is killed by the Scourge of the Underworld before the transaction is complete. Somehow, she finds her way back to the Circus where she is captured and defeated by the She-Hulk. Princess Python then turns up as the master of ceremonies at the "power pageant" of Superia's Femizons, introducing all the members of the group to each other. She battles Captain America and Paladin when they board Superia's cruise ship. Later, she gets refused admittance to the Bar With No Name by the bouncer (Angar the Screamer) because she won't check her python at the door. Again with the Circus, she is thwarted by the Ben Reilly Spider-Man, Howard the Duck, and Gambit; Generation X; and the Peter Parker Spider-Man, Devil Dinosaur and Moon-Boy. Around this time, Zelda hooks up with Johnny Blaze, the former Ghost Rider, who operates the Quentin Carnival. Python develops friendships among the crew and deep romantic feelings for Johnny. When there was trouble in a nearby trailer, she and Kody, a bear-man, rush over and succumb to knock-out gas set by the trailer's owner, the assassin known as Arcade. While Johnny defeats Arcade, Kody drags her to safety. Zelda and the other Masters of Menace (Clown, Cannonball and Gambonnos) resort to armed robbery in between their stints of running the Circus (without the Ringmaster who has gone straight). The Hulk busts up these plans but the Princess is not captured in the process. She remains free and at large. Following the Civil War storyline, Zelda makes the startling revelation that she had been married to Stilt-Man during the latter's funeral held by supervillains and former supervillains. It was for her that a robot Doctor Doom was made to attend so as to convince her that Stilt-Man had been respected by some of the "major league" supervillains, and she also shares a sympathy dance with the Gibbon. By the end of the issue, the bar that the wake is being held in is blown up by the Punisher. It'slater mentioned that "they all had to get their stomachs pumped and be treated for third-degree burns." It was subsequently revealed that she was blinded in the explosion, but she marries the Gibbon in order to be included on his insurance. Her original python Pythagoras had also gotten sick and died; however, Gibbon buys her a new python at the end of the story. At the beginning of the Marvel Apes storyline, the Gibbon admits that even if Zelda truly loved him in the past, currently she's fed up with the losing streak of her new husband, and so they part. At the end of Dark Reign: Young Avengers #2, Executioner of the New Young Avengers call his mother on the phone to talk about Kate Bishop. His mother turns out to be Princess Python. Daniel seems unaware of Princess Python's costumed adventures, as their dialogue implies Daniel knows Zelda DuBois as a simple, but shady and rich, businesswoman. Princess Python pressures Daniel into contacting Kate Bishop, even setting him a large fund for his New Young Avengers/Young Masters of Evil. In Dark Reign: Young Avengers #4, Daniel places a bomb in Zelda's car after learning of her supervillain past. Zelda is caught in the explosion and is apparently killed. Princess Python turns up alive and appears as a member of Max Fury's new Masters of Evil line-up that serves the Shadow Council. During this time, she has a new python to replace the one that died. As part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel event, Princess Python appears as a member of Viper's Serpent Society under its new name of Serpent Solutions. During the "Opening Salvo" part of the Secret Empire storyline, Princess Python is with Serpent Solutions at the time when they are recruited by Baron Helmut Zemo to join the Army of Evil. Princess Python is among several animal-themed supervillains captured and hunted by Kraven the Hunter. ## Powers and abilities Princess Python has no super human powers but she is a trained athlete and an extremely talented snake charmer and handler. She usually carries a handheld electric cattle prod capable of discharging 1,000 volts. Princess Python has a 25-foot (7.6 m) trained pet rock python. She has had more than one such snake in her criminal career. ## Other versions ### Ruins The Ruins version of Princess Python is a performer for the Quintano Carnival, America's last freak show, and it is implied that her act consists of indulging in bestiality with her python. ### Ultimate Marvel Princess Python appears in the Ultimate Marvel universe as a member of the all-female Serpent Squad. Unlike her Earth-616 version, this version has super-strength and is able to knock a piece of the Thing's body off him. ### Marvel Super Hero Adventures In this comic book series aimed at young children, Princess Python appears as a member of the Serpent Society. Alongside her teammates, Python battles Ms. Marvel, Spider-Man, and the Society's newest recruit, Garden Snake. ## In other media Princess Python appears in the Avengers Assemble episode "Crime and Circuses", voiced by Hynden Walch. This version is a former member of the Circus of Crime who assists Hawkeye and Falcon in battling the Ringmaster. After the Circus of Crime are defeated and arrested, Hawkeye brings Princess Python to Nick Fury for a second chance at life.

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Princess Python

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Python

2025-05-01T16:18:52Z

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{{short description|Fictional comic book characters}} {{Infobox comics character  |image=Iron_Man_,50.jpeg |image_size=200 |caption=Princess Python on the cover art for ''[[Iron Man (comic book)|Iron Man]]'', #50. Art by [[Gil Kane]] and [[Frank Giacoia]]. |character_name=Princess Python |real_name=Zelda DuBois |species=Human |publisher=[[Marvel Comics]] |debut=''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #22 (March 1965) |creators=[[Stan Lee]] [[Steve Ditko]] |alliances=[[Circus of Crime]] [[Femizons]] [[Serpent Squad]] [[Serpent Society]] |aliases= |powers=Trained athlete Extremely talented snake charmer and handler Carries a hand held, electric cattle prod Use of pet snakes as sidekicks }} '''Princess Python''' is a [[supervillain]] appearing in [[American comic book]]s published by [[Marvel Comics]]. ==Publication history== Princess Python, Zelda DuBois, is a snake charmer who controls a gigantic snake to help with her crimes. She first appeared in ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man]]'' #22 (March 1965), created by writer [[Stan Lee]] and artist [[Steve Ditko]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=DeFalco |first1=Tom |last2=Sanderson |first2=Peter |last3=Brevoort |first3=Tom |last4=Teitelbaum |first4=Michael |last5=Wallace |first5=Daniel |last6=Darling |first6=Andrew |last7=Forbeck |first7=Matt |last8=Cowsill |first8=Alan |last9=Bray |first9=Adam |title=The Marvel Encyclopedia |date=2019 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-1-4654-7890-0 |page=275}}</ref> Zelda DuBois started out as a [[Snake charming|snake charmer]], using a 25-foot python in her act. She later became a criminal, using a gigantic snake under her mental control to commit crimes as Princess Python, part of the [[Circus of Crime]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rovin |first=Jeff |title=[[The Encyclopedia of Super-Villains]] |date=1987 |publisher=Facts on File |isbn=0-8160-1356-X |location=New York |page=273 |authorlink=Jeff Rovin}}[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofsu0000rovi_h5r9/page/272/mode/2up]</ref> DuBois and the Circus are part of a group of villains that interrupt the wedding of [[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]] [[Henry Pym|Yellowjacket]] and the [[Wasp (comics)|Wasp]]. She later becomes a member of the [[Serpent Squad]] as well as its successor the [[Serpent Society]], but leaves the group as she is not a killer. She later rejoins the Circus, but then ends up in a romantic relationship with [[Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)|Johnny Blaze]], former Ghost Rider, until they are attacked by [[Arcade (Marvel Comics)|Arcade]]. DuBois has been married to both [[Stilt-Man]] and [[Gibbon (comics)|Gibbon]] and was later revealed to be the mother of [[Executioner (comics)#Daniel DuBois|Executioner]] from the [[Young Masters]], although her son is not aware of his mother's alter ego. In 2015, Princess Python became a member of Serpent Solutions as part of the ''[[All-New, All-Different Marvel]]''. ==Fictional character biography== Zelda DuBois, born in [[Darlington, South Carolina]], developed an act as a [[Snake charming|snake charmer]] and circus performer using a twenty-five foot python as a young adult. Presumably, she joined the Circus of Crime in its early days but isn't actually seen as a professional criminal until the formation of the Masters of Menace. It is, in fact, the Princess who convinces the others to get rid of the [[Ringmaster (comics)|Ringmaster]], appoint the Clown as the leader, rename the group (she comes up with the name), and go out on a crime spree of their own. The Masters of Menace steal paintings from a Madison Avenue art gallery where they run afoul of [[Spider-Man]]. However, the web-slinger is unwilling to hit a woman and turns out to be putty in Zelda's hands. She tries to remove his mask but he stops her in time. She maneuvers the wall-crawler into a fight with her pet after jamming his web shooters with an electric prod, but is defeated when Spider-Man tricks the python into a knot and maneuvers her into the arms of the law.<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' #22</ref> When they get out of prison, the Masters of Menace agree to rejoin the Ringmaster and his Circus of Crime. They try to hypnotize Avengers members [[Hawkeye (Clint Barton)|Hawkeye]], [[Quicksilver (comics)|Quicksilver]], and the [[Scarlet Witch]] into joining them but fail. Princess Python fights hand-to-hand with the Scarlet Witch after trying to cover her eyes, but loses when the Witch uses her hex power to soak her down with water, preventing her whistling for her pet. The Circus of Crime does escape capture, however, though it is later mentioned the D.A. "wormed the truth out of Princess Python".<ref>''The Avengers'' #22</ref> The Circus next schemes to steal a huge golden bull but they need a new strong man to replace theirs since "he strained himself trying to lift the elephant". They find the Mighty [[Thor (Marvel Comics)|Thor]] who has been stripped of his godly power but is still superhumanly strong. Thor is hypnotized into stealing the massive golden bull but Princess Python is trapped under the idol in the melee that follows. Thor rescues her. The grateful and somewhat smitten Princess tells the police that Thor was duped into helping them before she uses her snake to escape and rejoin the Circus.<ref>''The Mighty Thor'' #145-147</ref> In their next caper, the Circus disguises themselves as caterers in order to sneak into [[Avengers Mansion]] so they can disrupt the wedding of [[Henry Pym|Yellowjacket]] and the [[Wasp (comics)|Wasp]]. Zelda's giant python jumps out of the wedding cake and puts the squeeze on the Wasp. But Yellowjacket turns out to be Hank Pym (which no one knew at the time) and he disrupts the plan by turning into Giant-Man, yanking the python off of the Wasp and tying it around the Ringmaster instead. Princess Python tries to sneak away, only to be decked by a punch from the Wasp.<ref>''The Avengers'' #60</ref> The Circus then sets up a scheme that involves enlisting a mind-controlled [[Ulik]] the Troll as an accomplice. Thor thwarts the plan and ties Zelda up with her own python in the process.<ref>''The Mighty Thor'' #173</ref> At this point, the Princess strikes out on her own. She goes to [[Stark Industries]] and manages an opportunity to get her python around Tony Stark. She tells the world that she wants "one million dollars and a jet plane to South America" or Stark dies. Stark, secretly Iron Man, frees himself by using his chest-plate to shock the snake. This isn't good enough. According to Zelda, her "precious" has been specially bred to be able to crush Iron Man's armor. The python nearly does so until Iron Man kills it by tossing it in a vat of acid. Zelda is so distraught over the death of her pet that she jumps in after it, only to be saved by Iron Man before she hits the acid. Iron Man, clearly not a pet lover, suggests the Princess be "taken care of by good doctors" because of her excessive hatred of him over the death of her snake.<ref>''The Invincible Iron Man'' #50</ref> Apparently, the Princess gets away from those doctors. The Princess acquires a new trained python and gets recruited by [[Viper (Marvel Comics)|Viper]] to start a new Serpent Squad. Zelda breaks the [[Cobra (Marvel Comics)|Cobra]] and the [[Eel (comics)|Eel]] out of jail and they all battle [[Captain America]] in his Nomad identity. Eventually they are joined by [[Krang (Marvel Comics)|Warlord Krang]] who is in possession of the [[Serpent Crown]] and the whole thing ends up involving the [[Namor the Sub-Mariner|Sub-Mariner]] and [[Roxxon Oil]]. The Princess is defeated and led off to jail.<ref>''Captain America'' #180-181</ref> She is back with the Circus of Crime soon after, but she and the Circus are defeated by Daredevil.<ref>''Daredevil'' #118</ref> But the Circus never makes it to jail. They are freed from a prison wagon on its way to the penitentiary by [[Live Wire (Marvel Comics)|Live Wire]] who then joins the group.<ref>''Power Man'' #24</ref> But she ends up back with the Circus when the group captures [[Luke Cage]]. Zelda finds herself attracted to Luke which doesn't please Luke's girlfriend [[Claire Temple]]. With the help of [[Bill Foster (comics)|Black Goliath]], Luke Cage defeats the Circus. Zelda is stopped when Luke's pal [[D.W. Griffith (comics)|D.W. Griffith]] hypnotizes her with the Ringmaster's hat.<ref>''Power Man'' #25</ref> With the Circus of Crime, Princess Python captures the sea-nymph Meriam, and fights the [[Hulk]].<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #217</ref> The Circus reaches its lowest point when it tries to enlist [[Howard the Duck]] as an unwilling accomplice, but he defeats them with help from Iris Raritan. Zelda gets bitten on the nose by Howard and runs away sobbing.<ref>''Howard the Duck'' #25-27</ref> There is an adventure involving the [[Thing (comics)|Thing]], [[Iceman (Marvel Comics)|Iceman]], and the former Black Goliath now calling himself Giant-Man,<ref>''Marvel Two-in-One'' #76</ref> and another involving the mind-controlled Hulk and [[Dragon Man (comics)|Dragon Man]].<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #292</ref> Then [[Death Adder (comics)|Death Adder]] recruits Zelda to join the Serpent Society and she attends an organizational meeting. The Society is led by [[Sidewinder (character)|Sidewinder]] and its other members are [[Constrictor (comics)|Constrictor]], [[Black Mamba (comics)|Black Mamba]], [[Cottonmouth (Burchell Clemens)|Cottonmouth]], [[Diamondback (Rachel Leighton)|Diamondback]], [[Bushmaster (Marvel Comics)|Bushmaster]], the Cobra, the [[Asp (comics)|Asp]], the [[Rattler (comics)|Rattler]], and [[Anaconda (comics)|Anaconda]]. The Society is a longtime thorn in Captain America's side but the Princess decides to break away from the group when they are dispatched to kill [[MODOK]].<ref>''Captain America'' #309-311, 313</ref> She is captured and brought back, where she is questioned and tortured by Sidewinder.<ref>''Captain America'' #315</ref> She is sent to be ransomed back to the Circus of Crime, but Death Adder, who is delivering her, is killed by the [[Scourge of the Underworld]] before the transaction is complete.<ref>''Captain America'' #318</ref> Somehow, she finds her way back to the Circus where she is captured and defeated by the [[She-Hulk]].<ref>''The Sensational She-Hulk'' #1</ref> Princess Python then turns up as the master of ceremonies at the "power pageant" of [[Superia (comics)|Superia]]'s Femizons, introducing all the members of the group to each other. She battles Captain America and [[Paladin (comics)|Paladin]] when they board Superia's cruise ship.<ref>''Captain America'' #389-392</ref> Later, she gets refused admittance to the [[Bar With No Name]] by the bouncer ([[Angar the Screamer]]) because she won't check her python at the door.<ref>''Marvel Comics Presents'' #97</ref> Again with the Circus, she is thwarted by the [[Ben Reilly]] Spider-Man, Howard the Duck, and [[Gambit (Marvel Comics)|Gambit]];<ref>''Spider-Man Team-Up'' #5</ref> [[Generation X (comics)|Generation X]];<ref>''Generation X'' #32</ref> and the Peter Parker Spider-Man, [[Devil Dinosaur]] and [[Moon-Boy]].<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' Annual 1998</ref> Around this time, Zelda hooks up with Johnny Blaze, the former [[Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)|Ghost Rider]], who operates the Quentin Carnival.<ref>''Blaze'' #2</ref> Python develops friendships among the crew and deep romantic feelings for Johnny. When there was trouble in a nearby trailer, she and Kody, a bear-man, rush over and succumb to knock-out gas set by the trailer's owner, the assassin known as [[Arcade (Marvel Comics)|Arcade]]. While Johnny defeats Arcade, Kody drags her to safety.<ref>''Blaze'' #8</ref> Zelda and the other Masters of Menace (Clown, Cannonball and Gambonnos) resort to armed robbery in between their stints of running the Circus (without the Ringmaster who has gone straight). The Hulk busts up these plans but the Princess is not captured in the process. She remains free and at large.<ref>''The Incredible Hulk'' (vol. 2) #470-471</ref> Following the ''[[Civil War (comics)|Civil War]]'' storyline, Zelda makes the startling revelation that she had been married to [[Stilt-Man]] during the latter's funeral held by supervillains and former supervillains.<ref>''[[The Punisher War Journal]]'' (vol. 2) #4</ref> It was for her that a robot Doctor Doom was made to attend so as to convince her that Stilt-Man had been respected by some of the "major league" supervillains, and she also shares a sympathy dance with the [[Gibbon (comics)|Gibbon]]. By the end of the issue, the bar that the wake is being held in is blown up by the Punisher. It'slater mentioned that "they all had to get their [[Gastric lavage|stomachs pumped]] and be treated for [[Burn (injury)|third-degree burns]]."<ref>''[[She-Hulk]]'' (vol. 2) #17</ref> It was subsequently revealed that she was blinded in the explosion, but she marries the Gibbon in order to be included on his insurance. Her original python [[Pythagoras]] had also gotten sick and died; however, Gibbon buys her a new python at the end of the story.<ref>''Punisher War Journal'' (vol. 2) #16</ref> At the beginning of the ''Marvel Apes'' storyline, the Gibbon admits that even if Zelda truly loved him in the past, currently she's fed up with the losing streak of her new husband, and so they part.<ref>''Marvel Apes'' #1</ref> At the end of ''[[Young Avengers|Dark Reign: Young Avengers]]'' #2, Executioner of the [[Young Masters|New Young Avengers]] call his mother on the phone to talk about [[Hawkeye (Kate Bishop)|Kate Bishop]]. His mother turns out to be Princess Python.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #2</ref> Daniel seems unaware of Princess Python's costumed adventures, as their dialogue implies Daniel knows Zelda DuBois as a simple, but shady and rich, businesswoman. Princess Python pressures Daniel into contacting Kate Bishop, even setting him a large fund for his New Young Avengers/Young Masters of Evil.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #3</ref> In ''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #4, Daniel places a bomb in Zelda's car after learning of her supervillain past. Zelda is caught in the explosion and is apparently killed.<ref>''Dark Reign: Young Avengers'' #4</ref> Princess Python turns up alive and appears as a member of Max Fury's new [[Masters of Evil]] line-up that serves the [[Shadow Council]]. During this time, she has a new python to replace the one that died.<ref>''Secret Avengers'' #21.1</ref> As part of the ''[[All-New, All-Different Marvel]]'' event, Princess Python appears as a member of [[Viper (Marvel Comics)|Viper]]'s Serpent Society under its new name of Serpent Solutions.<ref>''Captain America: Sam Wilson'' #4</ref> During the "Opening Salvo" part of the ''[[Secret Empire (2017 comic)|Secret Empire]]'' storyline, Princess Python is with Serpent Solutions at the time when they are recruited by [[Helmut Zemo|Baron Helmut Zemo]] to join the Army of Evil.<ref>''Captain America: Steve Rogers'' #16</ref> Princess Python is among several animal-themed supervillains captured and hunted by [[Kraven the Hunter]].<ref>''The Amazing Spider-Man'' #18.HU (2019). Marvel Comics.</ref> ==Powers and abilities== Princess Python has no super human powers but she is a trained athlete and an extremely talented snake charmer and handler. She usually carries a handheld electric cattle prod capable of discharging 1,000 volts. Princess Python has a {{convert|25|ft|m|adj=on}} trained pet [[African rock python|rock python]]. She has had more than one such snake in her criminal career. ==Other versions== ===Ruins=== The ''[[Ruins (comics)|Ruins]]'' version of Princess Python is a performer for the [[Quintano]] Carnival, America's last [[freak show]], and it is implied that her act consists of indulging in [[Zoophilia|bestiality]] with her python.<ref>{{Cite comic|writer = Warren Ellis|penciller = Cliff Nielsen, Terese Nielsen, and Chris Moeller|inker = Cliff Nielsen, Terese Nielsen, and Chris Moeller|title = Ruins|volume = 1|issue = #2|date = September 1995|publisher = Marvel Comics|location = United States}}</ref> ===Ultimate Marvel=== Princess Python appears in the [[Ultimate Marvel]] universe as a member of the all-female [[Serpent Squad]]. Unlike her [[Earth-616]] version, this version has super-strength and is able to knock a piece of the [[Thing (comics)|Thing]]'s body off him.<ref>''Ultimate Power'' #1</ref> ===Marvel Super Hero Adventures=== In this comic book series aimed at young children, Princess Python appears as a member of the Serpent Society. Alongside her teammates, Python battles [[Ms. Marvel (Kamala Khan)|Ms. Marvel]], Spider-Man, and the Society's newest recruit, Garden Snake.<ref>''Marvel Super Hero Adventures: Ms. Marvel and the Teleporting Dog'' #1 (2018)</ref> ==In other media== Princess Python appears in the ''[[Avengers Assemble (TV series)|Avengers Assemble]]'' episode "Crime and Circuses", voiced by [[Hynden Walch]]. This version is a former member of the Circus of Crime who assists Hawkeye and [[Falcon (comics)|Falcon]] in battling the Ringmaster. After the Circus of Crime are defeated and arrested, Hawkeye brings Princess Python to [[Nick Fury]] for a second chance at life. ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.marvel.com/universe/Princess_Python Princess Python] at Marvel.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050608080041/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/2855/princess.html Princess Python's Profile at the Women of Marvel Comics] * {{Marveldatabase}} {{Captain America characters}} {{Stan Lee}} {{Steve Ditko}} [[Category:Comics characters introduced in 1965]] [[Category:Characters created by Stan Lee]] [[Category:Characters created by Steve Ditko]] [[Category:Fictional characters from South Carolina]] [[Category:Marvel Comics female supervillains]] [[Category:Marvel Comics supervillains]]

1,288,277,512

[{"title": "Publication information", "data": {"Publisher": "Marvel Comics", "First appearance": "The Amazing Spider-Man #22 (March 1965)", "Created by": "Stan Lee \u00b7 Steve Ditko"}}, {"title": "In-story information", "data": {"Alter ego": "Zelda DuBois", "Species": "Human", "Team affiliations": "Circus of Crime \u00b7 Femizons \u00b7 Serpent Squad \u00b7 Serpent Society", "Abilities": "Trained athlete \u00b7 Extremely talented snake charmer and handler \u00b7 Carries a hand held, electric cattle prod \u00b7 Use of pet snakes as sidekicks"}}]

false

# Mobile forms A mobile form is an electronic or digital form application that functions on a smartphone or tablet device. Mobile forms enable users to collect data using mobile devices, and then to send the results back to the source. Mobile forms exist to replace paper forms as a more productive means of data collection, eliminating the need to transcribe or scan paper data results into a back office system. Depending on the mobile form application provider, some mobile form solutions allow offices to dispatch data to mobile form applications. In addition, other mobile form applications can be connected with various cloud services, servers, and social media platforms. Depending on the business, the motivating factors to deploying mobile forms may vary. Some businesses implement mobile forms to speed up processes, while others institute mobile forms with field users to reduce costs associated with transporting paper forms back and forth. Furthermore, green-minded businesses implement mobile forms in order to be more environmentally friendly, thus reducing their reliance on paper, ink printing, and subsequent waste. Advanced mobile form features include signature capture, bar code capture, photo capture, GPS location form info, time form info, and skip logic. ## Location-based Mobile Forms Location-based mobile forms are applications that associate a specific GPS location to the form data. Theses types of application fall into the category of data collection systems and are used by field personnel to collect data at precise locations in the field. Data collected with these applications is georeferenced and is can be transferred to geographic information systems for further data analysis. Location-based mobile forms act as a bridge between field personnel and geomatics specialists. Uses for mobile forms include: - Safety inspections - Work orders - Expense reports - Inventory reports - Merchandise requisition - Invoicing - Environmental surveying

enwiki/39207065

enwiki

39,207,065

Mobile forms

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_forms

2021-05-06T22:27:07Z

en

Q17090960

17,712

{{Multiple issues| {{refimprove|date=September 2018}} {{more footnotes|date=July 2013}} }} A '''mobile form''' is an electronic or digital form application that functions on a [[smartphone]] or [[Tablet computer|tablet device]]. Mobile forms enable users to collect [[data]] using [[mobile device]]s, and then to send the results back to the source. Mobile forms exist to replace paper forms as a more productive means of [[data collection]], eliminating the need to [[Transcription (linguistics)|transcribe]] or scan paper data results into a back office system. Depending on the [[mobile form]] [[App (computing)|application]] provider, some mobile form solutions allow offices to dispatch data to mobile form applications. In addition, other mobile form applications can be connected with various [[cloud service]]s, [[Server (computing)|servers]], and [[social media platform]]s. Depending on the business, the motivating factors to deploying mobile forms may vary. Some businesses implement mobile forms to speed up processes, while others institute mobile forms with field users to reduce [[cost]]s associated with transporting paper forms back and forth. Furthermore, [[Green business|green-minded businesses]] implement mobile forms in order to be more environmentally friendly, thus reducing their reliance on paper, ink printing, and subsequent waste. Advanced mobile form features include [[signature]] capture, [[bar code]] capture, photo capture, [[GPS]] location form info, time form info, and skip logic.{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} == Location-based Mobile Forms == Location-based mobile forms are [[App (computing)|application]]s that associate a specific [[GPS]] location to the form data. Theses types of application fall into the category of [[data collection system]]s and are used by field personnel to collect data at precise locations in the field. Data collected with these applications is [[georeference]]d and is can be transferred to [[geographic information system]]s for further [[data analysis]]. Location-based mobile forms act as a bridge between field personnel and [[geomatics]] specialists. Uses for mobile forms include: * [[Safety inspection]]s * [[Work order]]s * [[Expense report]]s * [[Inventory]] reports * [[Merchandise]] requisition * [[Invoice|Invoicing]] * [[Environmental surveying]] [[Category:Mobile technology]]

1,021,829,833

[]

false

# Triplax dissimulator Triplax dissimulator is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is found in North America.

enwiki/57216480

enwiki

57,216,480

Triplax dissimulator

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triplax_dissimulator

2019-09-23T11:44:04Z

en

Q14928462

35,270

{{short description|Species of beetle}} {{Speciesbox | genus = Triplax | species = dissimulator | authority = (Crotch, 1873) }} '''''Triplax dissimulator''''' is a species of [[pleasing fungus beetle]] in the family [[Erotylidae]]. It is found in North America.<ref name=itis/><ref name=gbif/><ref name=buglink/> ==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=itis> {{Cite web| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' Report | url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=697055 | website=Integrated Taxonomic Information System | accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> <ref name=gbif> {{Cite web| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' | url=https://www.gbif.org/species/1042648 | website=GBIF | accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> <ref name=buglink> {{Cite web| title=''Triplax dissimulator'' species Information | url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/302424 | website=BugGuide.net | accessdate=2019-09-23 }}</ref> }} ==Further reading== {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book | title = Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 4: Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea | date = 2007 | editor-last1 = Lobl | editor-first1 = I. | editor-last2 = Smetana | editor-first2 = A. | publisher = Apollo Books | isbn = 978-8788757675 }} {{refend}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q14928462}} [[Category:Erotylidae]] [[Category:Articles created by Qbugbot]] [[Category:Beetles described in 1873]] {{erotylidae-stub}}

917,341,776

[{"title": "Scientific classification", "data": {"Domain": "Eukaryota", "Kingdom": "Animalia", "Phylum": "Arthropoda", "Class": "Insecta", "Order": "Coleoptera", "Suborder": "Polyphaga", "Infraorder": "Cucujiformia", "Family": "Erotylidae", "Genus": "Triplax", "Species": "T. dissimulator"}}, {"title": "Binomial name", "data": {"Binomial name": "Triplax dissimulator \u00b7 (Crotch, 1873)"}}]

false

# Popular referendum A popular referendum, depending on jurisdiction also known as a citizens' veto, people's veto, veto referendum, citizen referendum, abrogative referendum, rejective referendum, suspensive referendum, and statute referendum, is a type of a referendum that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote (plebiscite) on an existing statute, constitutional amendment, charter amendment, or ordinance; in its minimal form, it simply obliges the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day. It is a form of direct democracy. Unlike a popular initiative or legislative referendum that allows voters to suggest new legislation, a popular referendum allows them to suggest repealing existing legislation. As with an initiative, a popular referendum is held after a given number of signatures supporting it have been submitted to the authorities; in some cases, such a referendum may also be initiated by regional authorities. Depending on local legislation, the popular referendum may be implemented only in a short window of time after the legislation has been passed; in others it may be used to defeat any existing legislation. Specific details on the applicable procedure such as the number of signatures, whether there is a time limit and its duration on when the popular referendum may be passed, and the body to which they must be submitted vary from country to country, and in the United States from state to state. Supporters of the popular referendum point out that it is a safeguard against special interests taking over, and protects the rights of minorities. Critics point out that popular referendums have a higher voter turnout by people who have strong feelings about the issue at hand, and as such, it empowers special interests. ## Worldwide implementation ### Europe Thirty countries allow for referendum initiated by the population on the national level In Europe the popular referendum (commonly known as abrogative referendum) was first introduced in Switzerland in St. Gallen canton in 1831, and was introduced to the whole country known as the optional referendum. It now exists in Albania, Denmark (since 1953), Italy (since 1970), Malta, Russia and Switzerland (since 1874). In 1975, the United Kingdom held its first EU membership referendum, where 67.2% voted to remain in the European Economic Community, reaffirming the UK’s place in Europe. In 2005, France held a referendum on the proposed European Constitution, which was rejected by 54.7% of voters, significantly impacting the EU’s plans for deeper integration. In 2014, Scotland held an independence referendum, with 55.3% voting to remain part of the United Kingdom, maintaining the union between Scotland and the rest of the UK. ### Latin America In 1988, Chile held a national plebiscite where voters rejected extending General Augusto Pinochet's rule for another eight years, paving the way for democratic elections and ending the dictatorship. In 1999, Venezuela held a constitutional referendum under President Hugo Chávez, resulting in the approval of a new constitution that expanded presidential powers and altered the political structure of the country. In 2016, Colombia held a peace agreement referendum aimed at ending decades of conflict with FARC guerrillas. The agreement was narrowly rejected, leading to further negotiations. In 2019, Cuba held a constitutional referendum that adopted a new constitution recognizing private property and introducing presidential term limits, marking significant shifts in its socialist framework. ### United States In the United States, such a process exists, as of May 2009, in 23 states and one territory: Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The popular referendum was first introduced in the United States by South Dakota in 1898, and first used in the United States in 1906, in Oregon, two years after the initiative was used (in 1904, also in Oregon). ### Africa In 1992, South Africa held a historic referendum in which white voters supported ending apartheid, paving the way for democratic reforms and multiracial governance in the country. In 2011, South Sudan held a historic independence referendum where an overwhelming majority voted for secession from Sudan, leading to the creation of the Republic of South Sudan as a sovereign nation. In 2015, Rwanda held a constitutional referendum that allowed President Paul Kagame to potentially remain in power until 2034, raising debates about the balance between stability and democratic principles. In 2023, the Central African Republic held a referendum on constitutional changes potentially allowing President Faustin-Archange Touadéra to extend his time in office, a move that raised concerns about democratic backsliding.

enwiki/12421217

enwiki

12,421,217

Popular referendum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_referendum

2025-05-28T08:34:18Z

en

Q331513

106,734

{{Short description|Referendum to repeal a new or existing law}} {{Distinguish|Popular initiative}} [[File:Carte des référendums d'origine populaire 2019.png|thumb|401px|Popular referendum: {{legend|#0868AC|Available on national level}} {{legend|#4EB3D3|Available on subnational level only}}]] {{Direct Democracy}} A '''popular referendum''', depending on jurisdiction also known as a '''citizens' veto''', '''people's veto''', '''veto referendum''', '''citizen referendum''', '''abrogative referendum''', '''rejective referendum''', '''suspensive referendum''', and '''statute referendum''',<ref>[http://www.ballot.org/pages/initiative_process Initiative Process] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309044311/http://www.ballot.org/pages/initiative_process |date=2010-03-09 }}, ballot.org</ref><ref name=ms>{{Cite journal | last = Setälä | first = Maija | title = Referendums in Western Europe – a wave of direct democracy? | journal = [[Scandinavian Political Studies]] | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 327–340 | doi = 10.1111/1467-9477.00022 | date = December 1999 | doi-access = free }} [https://tidsskrift.dk/index.php/scandinavian_political_studies/article/viewFile/13392/25529 Full text.]</ref><ref name=ms2>Maija Setälä, [http://www.jyu.fi/yhtfil/redescriptions/Yearbook%201998/Setala%201998.pdf Referendum, Agenda-Setting and Models of Democracy: Majority Rule in Different Models of Democracy]</ref> is a type of a [[referendum]] that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote ([[plebiscite]]) on an existing [[statute]], [[constitutional amendment]], [[Municipal charter|charter amendment]], or [[local ordinance|ordinance]]; in its minimal form, it simply obliges the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day.<ref name=ncsl>[http://www.ncsl.org/LegislaturesElections/ElectionsCampaigns/InitiativeReferendumandRecallOverview/tabid/16600/Default.aspx Initiative, Referendum and Recall], NCSL.org</ref><ref name=nne3>National new era, No.18, Volume XX, The New Era Co., May 1, 1903, p.3 [https://books.google.com/books?id=YmoSAAAAIAAJ&q=%22People's+veto%22 Google Print, full view]</ref> It is a form of [[direct democracy]].<ref name=sun>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qyQgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iGoFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2856,4236042&dq=people's+veto+history&hl=en Veto], Sun Journal - Oct 23, 1999</ref> Unlike a [[popular initiative]] or legislative referendum that allows voters to suggest new legislation, a popular referendum allows them to suggest repealing existing legislation.<ref name=ncsl/><ref name=nne3/> As with an initiative, a popular referendum is held after a given number of signatures supporting it have been submitted to the authorities; in some cases, such a referendum may also be initiated by regional authorities.<ref name=ms2/><ref name=sun/> Depending on local legislation, the popular referendum may be implemented only in a short window of time after the legislation has been passed; in others it may be used to defeat any existing legislation.<ref name=ms2/><ref name=ace>[http://aceproject.org/ace-en/focus/direct-democracy/referendums Referendums], ACE Encyclopedia, Electoral Knowledge Network</ref><ref>David Butler, Austin Ranney, ''Referendums around the world: the growing use of direct democracy'', American Enterprise Institute, 1994, {{ISBN|0-8447-3853-0}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=GXV-HFnk_9wC&dq=%22abrogative+referendum%22++-wiki+-wikipedia&pg=PA63 Google Print, p.63]</ref> Specific details on the applicable procedure such as the number of signatures, whether there is a time limit and its duration on when the popular referendum may be passed, and the body to which they must be submitted vary from country to country, and in the United States from state to state. Supporters of the popular referendum point out that it is a safeguard against special interests taking over, and protects the rights of minorities.<ref name=ms/><ref name=sun/> Critics point out that popular referendums have a higher [[voter turnout]] by people who have strong feelings about the issue at hand, and as such, it empowers special interests.<ref name=sun/> ==Worldwide implementation== {{Update section|date=December 2018 }} === Europe === Thirty countries allow for referendum initiated by the population on the national level<ref>[https://www.direct-democracy-navigator.org/democratic_instruments/popular-or-citizens-initiative/legal_designs Popular or citizens initiative: Legal Designs] </ref> In Europe the popular referendum (commonly known as abrogative referendum) was first introduced in [[Switzerland]] in [[St. Gallen]] canton in 1831, and was introduced to the whole country known as the [[optional referendum]].<ref>{{in lang|pl}} [http://pedrou.w.interia.pl/demokracja.htm Demokracja bezpośrednia i semibezpośrednia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806000516/http://pedrou.w.interia.pl/demokracja.htm |date=2015-08-06 }}</ref> It now exists in [[Albania]],<ref name="europe">Pierre Garrone, [http://www.stjornarskra.is/media/stjornarskra/PG_speech_rev.pdf Referenda in Europe] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722022115/http://www.stjornarskra.is/media/stjornarskra/PG_speech_rev.pdf |date=2011-07-22 }}, Council of Europe</ref><ref name="coe">[http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2005/CDL-EL(2005)020prov-e.asp Study on Referendum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117092612/http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2005/CDL-EL(2005)020prov-e.asp |date=2013-01-17 }}, European Commission for Democracy Through Law (Venice Commission)</ref> [[Denmark]] (since 1953),<ref name="ms" /> [[Italy]] (since 1970),<ref name="ms" /><ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> [[Malta]],<ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> [[Russia]]<ref name="europe" /><ref name="coe" /> and [[Switzerland]] (since 1874).<ref name="ms" /><ref> {{cite book | last = Venice Commission | author-link = Venice Commission | title = Referendums in Europe - an analysis of the legal rules in European States | url = http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2005)034-e | id = CDL–AD(2005)034 | publisher = [[Venice Commission|European Commission for Democracy through Law]] | date = 20 October 2005 }} Report adopted by the Council for Democratic Elections at its 14th meeting.</ref> In [[1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum|1975]], the [[United Kingdom]] held its first [[European Union|EU]] membership referendum, where 67.2% voted to remain in the [[European Economic Community]], reaffirming the UK’s place in Europe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1975-04-26 |title=1975: Labour votes to leave the EEC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/26/newsid_2503000/2503155.stm |access-date=2024-12-02 |language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2005 French European Constitution referendum|2005]], [[France]] held a referendum on the proposed [[European Constitution]], which was rejected by 54.7% of voters, significantly impacting the EU’s plans for deeper integration.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-03-02 |title=EUbusiness - French lawmakers vote opens way for referendum on EU constitution |url=http://www.eubusiness.com/afp/050228152840.k0qnri6d |access-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050302005428/http://www.eubusiness.com/afp/050228152840.k0qnri6d |archive-date=2 March 2005 }}</ref> In [[2014 Scottish independence referendum|2014]], [[Scotland]] held an independence referendum, with 55.3% voting to remain part of the United Kingdom, maintaining the union between Scotland and the rest of the UK.<ref>{{Cite web |last=graphitas |date=2014-09-19 |title=How Scotland voted, and why |url=https://lordashcroftpolls.com/2014/09/scotland-voted/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Lord Ashcroft Polls |language=en-US}}</ref> === Latin America === In [[1988 Chilean presidential referendum|1988]], [[Chile]] held a national plebiscite where voters rejected extending [[Augusto Pinochet|General Augusto Pinochet]]'s rule for another eight years, paving the way for democratic elections and ending the dictatorship.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-09-12 |title=Chile court confirms Salvador Allende committed suicide |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-19567445 |access-date=2024-12-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[1999 Venezuelan Constitution|1999]], [[Venezuela]] held a constitutional referendum under President [[Hugo Chávez]], resulting in the approval of a new constitution that expanded presidential powers and altered the political structure of the country.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2007-11-30 |title=Q&A: Venezuela's referendum |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7119371.stm |access-date=2024-12-02 |language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2016 Colombian peace agreement referendum|2016]], [[Colombia]] held a peace agreement referendum aimed at ending decades of conflict with FARC guerrillas. The agreement was narrowly rejected, leading to further negotiations.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-10-02 |title=Colombia referendum: Voters reject Farc peace deal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-37537252 |access-date=2024-12-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2019 Cuban constitutional referendum|2019]], [[Cuba]] held a constitutional referendum that adopted a new constitution recognizing private property and introducing presidential term limits, marking significant shifts in its socialist framework.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-07-15 |title=Cuba to recognise private property under new constitution |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-44836358 |access-date=2024-12-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> === United States === {{main|Initiatives and referendums in the United States}} In the [[United States]], such a process exists, as of May 2009, in 23 states and one territory: [[Alaska]], [[Arizona]], [[Arkansas]], [[California]], [[Colorado]], [[Idaho]], [[Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Michigan]], [[Missouri]], [[Montana]], [[Nebraska]], [[Nevada]], [[New Mexico]], [[North Dakota]], [[Ohio]], [[Oklahoma]], [[Oregon]], [[South Dakota]], [[Utah]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Wyoming]] and the [[U.S. Virgin Islands]].<ref name=ncsl/><ref>[http://www.ballot.org/page/-/ballot.org/maps/Initiative%20states.pdf States that allow for the Ballot Initiative Process] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723110403/http://www.ballot.org/page/-/ballot.org/maps/Initiative%20states.pdf |date=2011-07-23 }}, ballot.org</ref><ref>[http://www.ncsl.org/Default.aspx?TabId=16589 Initiative and Referendum States]</ref> The popular referendum was first introduced in the United States by [[South Dakota]] in 1898,<ref>Arthur N. Holcombe, ''State Government in the United States'', Read Books, 2007, {{ISBN|1-4067-7154-6}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M2NgAj4nFOwC&dq=%22popular+referendum%22&pg=PA538 Google Print, p.141]</ref> and first used in the United States in 1906, in [[Oregon]], two years after the [[Popular initiative|initiative]] was used (in 1904, also in Oregon).<ref>Arthur N. Holcombe, ''State Government in the United States'', Read Books, 2007, {{ISBN|1-4067-7154-6}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M2NgAj4nFOwC&dq=%22popular+referendum%22&pg=PA538 Google Print, p.529]</ref> === Africa === In [[1992 South African apartheid referendum|1992]], [[South Africa]] held a historic referendum in which white voters supported ending apartheid, paving the way for democratic reforms and multiracial governance in the country.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Strauss |first=Annette |date=June 1993 |title=The 1992 Referendum in South Africa |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/abs/1992-referendum-in-south-africa/8061F89B59C97428629DE9624F7DF35D |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |language=en |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=339–360 |doi=10.1017/S0022278X00011964 |issn=1469-7777|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In [[2011 South Sudanese independence referendum|2011]], [[South Sudan]] held a historic independence referendum where an overwhelming majority voted for secession from Sudan, leading to the creation of the Republic of South Sudan as a sovereign nation.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-01-30 |title=South Sudan referendum: 99% vote for independence |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-12317927 |access-date=2024-12-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> In [[2015 Rwandan constitutional referendum|2015]], Rwanda held a constitutional referendum that allowed President Paul Kagame to potentially remain in power until 2034, raising debates about the balance between stability and democratic principles.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-12-09 |title=Paul Kagame's third term: Rwanda referendum on 18 December |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35049885 |access-date=2024-12-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> In 2023, the Central African Republic held a referendum on constitutional changes potentially allowing President [[Faustin-Archange Touadéra]] to extend his time in office, a move that raised concerns about democratic backsliding.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-05 |title=Central African Republic: Referendum Poses Risks {{!}} Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/06/05/central-african-republic-referendum-poses-risks |access-date=2024-10-30 |language=en}}</ref> ==See also== * [[Popular initiative|Initiative]] * [[Legislative referral]] * [[Recall election]] ==References== {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Direct democracy]] [[Category:Referendums]]

1,292,690,198

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# Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior The Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior are a congregation of Traditional Catholic religious sisters, founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly. Their convents and missions are not recognized by the Vatican or their local archdioceses, however, they still refer to themselves as Roman Catholics. The congregation and motherhouse are based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in Round Top, New York, with additional convents in Melville, New York and White Bear Lake, Minnesota. As Traditional Catholics, the congregation does not adhere to the modern practices of the Second Vatican Council. They are closely associated with the Society of Saint Pius V, a society of priests which still perform traditional Tridentine Mass, also co-founded by Rev. Kelly. Outside of their convents, the congregation maintains a network of missions, including schools and churches, which promote Traditional Catholicism. They also have released music albums of traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The congregation has received mixed reception in the commentary made about them, with positive feedback revolving around good student behavior at their St. Anne's Chapel and Academy location, and negative feedback from some individuals' perception of the group as a cult, a characterization they firmly deny despite some evidence showing otherwise. The congregation has also been the subject of news coverage for a 1988 alleged kidnapping case, in which a sister was taken from a convent by her family, and for a 2009 fraud lawsuit they filed over the sale of a valuable artwork. The lawsuit was later lost, leading the congregation to pay damages for defamation. ## Structure The Daughters of Mary are a small, semi-contemplative congregation which practices Traditional Catholicism, specifically, the rules of the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II) in 1962. They were founded by Traditional Catholic priest Rev. Clarence Kelly, who did not have the canonical authority to establish a religious congregation. As such, the congregation has no canonical status in the Roman Catholic Church, and is not recognized by the Vatican or their local archdioceses. Nonetheless, the congregation refers to themself as Roman Catholic. They are closely associated with the Society of Saint Pius V, a group of priests who still perform traditional Tridentine Mass. This society of priests was led by Rev. Clarence Kelly, the same person who founded the congregation. Kelly believed the direction the Traditionalist Catholic Church was being led by excommunicated-French Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre was too liberal. The congregation is based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in Round Top, New York, with the location including the congregation's motherhouse, with additional convents located nationally in Melville, New York on Long Island, and St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in White Bear Lake, Minnesota. The congregation considers themselves to be following true Roman Catholicism, and likewise doesn't prefer the word "schism" to describe their separation from the modern-day Vatican, despite the word being technically accurate. The congregation members are "sisters", not "nuns", as they are not cloistered. ## Apostolate and works The congregation defines themselves by their act of Consecration to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, for which prayers of thanks are offered for at least one hour each day. Inside of their convents, the day begins at 6 am with singing and chanting of the Liturgy of the Hours each morning, and a compline consisting of prayers and Psalms nightly. The congregation often partakes in prayer and reflection, studying, and visiting the sick, alongside recreation including board games, cards, chores, sports, and walks. The sisters are also to remain in full religious habit at all times, even when away from the convent shopping or partaking more extreme recreation like motorboating. The purpose of this has been stated to draw attention to them and their cause, as well penance for what they see as immodesty of the modern day. At least in 1988, the sisters also observed silence during meals and were to see their families only four times a year, which was traditional for pre-Vatican II convents. Outside of their convents, the congregation's primary responsibilities revolve around maintaining their network of missions including churches and schools. These missions include: a church named St. Gertrude's in Sharonville, Ohio alongside a school named St. Gertrude's Academy, a church and rectory in Oyster Bay, New York, a large building which houses some of the sisters who work as teachers in East Meadow, New York, and a grades 1–12 school centered around the principles of the Society of Saint Pius V in Wantagh, New York. the congregation also maintains smaller and more makeshift missions including: preforming a Tridentine Mass at the Warwick New York Hotel in midtown Manhattan each Sunday. Below the three convents of the congregation are described. ### St. Joseph's Novitiate The St. Joseph's Novitiate location in Round Top, New York, is the congregation's first location, and contains the main motherhouse of the congregation. Converted from a rundown 14 acres (5.7 ha) resort, the sisters originally lived in a 100-year-old guest house on the site, but worshipped at a newly-built church made out of cedar wood. In 1988, the location consisted of the church and three wooden buildings, one of which housed Rev. Clarence Kelly and the other two the convent. Several more wooden buildings were under construction at this time to serve as new housing for the convent, and a graveyard. ### Long Island convent The congregation's second location in Melville, New York, opened no later than 1988. It primarily involves itself in maintaining their nearby network of mission locations described above, possibly including: the Society of Saint Pius V grades 1–12 school in Wantagh, the church and rectory in Oyster Bay, and the houses for sisters in East Meadow, all in Nassau County, Long Island. The Long Island convent was also the one involved in the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle lawsuit. ### St. Anne's Chapel and Academy The congregation has a church and school at St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in White Bear Lake, Minnesota, which consists of a number of plain gray buildings, one of which houses a small grades 1–12 school building. The school, which is taught by the sisters of the congregation, includes classes on topics such as religion, church history, French, and physics. The school participates in a number of extracurriculars including regular chores and a yearly spring concert, which in the past has included non-Catholic music from plays like The Sound of Music and The Jungle Book. On the schools playground during recess, the sisters also participate in games such as basketball dodgeball, jump rope, soccer, tennis, and volleyball, the sight of which has been known to slow traffic on County Road E. which overlooks the playground. Guidelines for the students generally forbid them from watching P-13 and R-rated movies, vulgar music, and, at least during 2006, using the internet without a parent. The school requires school uniforms. In 2006, the school consisted of 60 students and seven sisters, with an annual tuition payment of US$900 to $1,300. As for the chapel, a daily mass in Latin is held in which the schoolchildren are required to attend. The pews are separated by gender, and often include confession afterwards. As is the congregation as a whole, the church is not recognized by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, or listed on their registries. ## History The congregation was founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly after he purchased a14 acres (5.7 ha) rundown resort in the Catskill Mountains for $99,000, which became the St. Joseph's Novitiate. The decision to make a congregation was made by Rev. Kelly after he and his fellow priest colleagues were expulsed from the Society of St. Pius X, and lacked the ordinary jurisdiction needed to make a legally-recognized religious congregation. The congregation was created in a way where the congregation, its apostolate, and its rules were to be decided by Rev. Kelly alone with no oversight from his fellow priest colleagues starting the congregation with him, much to their dismay. In 1988, four years after being founded, the congregation had a total of 21 members consisting of nine sisters and 12 priests associated with the Society of Saint Pius V. During this time, they maintained a network of 50 missions: including 20 churches and five school buildings. Their most successful missions were their school in Wantagh which maintained a total of 70 students, and their church and academy in Sharonville which averaged 800 worshipers on Sundays. In 2006, the total number of members increased to 49 members consisting of sisters and postulates. This increased again in 2016 to 68 members, and again in 2019 to 86 members. ### Alleged kidnapping of Sister Mary Cecelia On June 26, 1988, 22-year-old Sister Mary Cecelia of the congregation, previously Mary Sue Greve, was allegedly kidnapped by her family while on a walk with two other sisters. The incident took place just outside the congregation's main St. Joseph's Novitiate location, and was carried out by Cecelia's father, two brothers, and another man, who forced her into their car and drove away. Witnesses reported that she was screaming and kicking her legs out of the window as the car drove away. A sister from the congregation characterized the incident as violent, saying that Sister Mary Cecelia's head was banged on the car door several times while being put in the vehicle. The incident made national news, and was quickly investigated by the New York State Police and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), who located her within a few days back in her previous home in Cincinnati, Ohio. The incident had been planned by the sister's mother, Susan Greve, claiming she didn't want to 'lose' her only daughter to a convent, after previously losing one to a stillbirth. While the mother had originally introduced Sister Cecelia to the Society of Saint Pius V, she claimed her daughter did not have a vocation and was never happy in the congregation, supported by the decision of Sister Mary Cecelia who reportedly had decided to leave the congregation two weeks before the incident, at the time unbeknownst to her family. This argument was challenged by the congregation's head Rev. Clarence Kelly, who claimed Sister Cecelia had already spent nearly two years there, and had promised before God she knew she was free to leave at any time. The parent's plan was ultimately successful, however, as after returning home, the sister had renounced her pledge to the congregation and went back to using her given name. A few days later, Greve appeared on national television on The Phil Donahue Show to discuss the incident, where she claimed a "very nice woman" her family brought to her after the kidnapping had convinced her the advice and pressure she received in the congregation was wrong. The incident was credited by The New York Times as having revived the debate over the responsibility of parents over their children's freedom. The police and FBI's decision to end their investigation after locating the sister was argued by Rev. Clarence Kelly as ignoring a "heinous crime" and creating "a dangerous precedent". ### Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle In February 2009, the congregation filed a lawsuit in the New York Supreme Court against Albany, New York-based art appraiser, Mark LaSalle, and Santa Fe, New Mexico-based art dealer, Mark Zaplin, for fraud over the sale of an artwork which the congregation sold to them. The congregation claimed the two colluded to defraud them of $1.75 million they believed they could have obtained through the sale of Notre Dame des Anges, an 1889 artwork by William-Adolphe Bouguereau that depicts Mary, mother of Jesus, standing in clouds with the Infant Jesus surrounded by angels. Represented by New York City attorney Bruce Goldstone, the congregation claimed in their lawsuit the two had committed fraud "intentionally", "deliberately", and "maliciously" against them. The artwork, which had been considered "lost" as it had not been seen publicly since the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, was purchased by the Long Island convent in 2002 from a parishioner, who then transferred the piece to the motherhouse St. Joseph's Novitiate. It was hung in a hallway here until a sister eventually noticed it, and believing it was valuable, hired LaSalle to appraise it in 2004. LeSalle appraised the piece, which had a number of issues including: overpainting, bubbling paint, a cracked canvas, and a bad frame, as worth between $150–250,000 without restoration, though could be worth more with. Art dealer Paul Dumont, who specialized in finding favorable art deals and notifying gallery owners, contacted Zaplin who requested to buy the piece. After receiving some restoration, Zaplin, who never met with an of the sisters personally in the transaction, made a bid of $350,000 for the piece. After a counteroffer of $450,000, Zaplin accepted and the piece was sold in 2006. Zaplin made additional restorations to the painting and bought a $40,000 frame for it, with the intention to resell the piece for a profit. Grounds for the lawsuit originated in 2007 after Zaplin arranged to have the painting displayed at the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, and sold the painting for $2.15 million through a Sotheby's in Texas, making $1.75 million in profit. Zaplin defended the sale by stating the lawsuit was made out of seller's remorse and that the sisters never had to sell the painting to him, noting he was just "very lucky" in the resell. Goldstone argued LaSalle had knowingly made a "lowball" appraisal to make a significant return with Zaplin, supported by an affidavit made by Dumont in court who quoted LaSalle as stating "we could 'screw' the sisters and make a handsome profit". Additionally, Zaplin was involved in an unrelated art lawsuit during the same time alleging copyright violations. Believing LaSalle knew the piece was worth between $1.5–1.8 million before restorations, the sisters likewise sought the $1.75 million in profit Zaplin made from the resell, as well as $51 million in punitive damages. The day of the trial in January 2012, however, the jury found LaSalle and Zaplin not guilty of fraud after less than a day of deliberation. The jury additionally awarded LaSalle and Zaplin a total of $575,000 in damages and defamation. ## Reception Reception of the congregation is mixed. Positive feedback has been given regarding the good behavior and politeness of students attending St. Anne's Chapel and Academy, as well as its emphasis on faith. While not its main purpose, it's also not uncommon for female students attending the academy to desire joining the congregation as sisters themselves, for which they are "encouraged to pray and ponder on it". Parents of many of the sisters in the congregation have also supported their daughters decision to join. Conversely, Chancellor of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre Rev. John Alesandro, stated "I don't agree with them, and neither do 999,900,000 other Catholics. There are a billion Catholics in the world, and maybe 100,000 followers of [Traditional Catholicism]". He further remarked the congregation "can call themselves whatever they want, traditionalists or whatever, but they are not the Catholic Church". Priest colleague of Rev. Kelly during the founding of the congregation Rev. Anthony Cekada, later dissociated with Rev. Kelly, and went further to refer to the congregation as a "cult". His reasons for doing so revolved around Rev. Kelly's sole control of the congregation without oversight from his priest colleagues (including himself), guilt and fear tactics used to maintain obedience, and beliefs Rev. Cekada claims Rev. Kelly pressured on the congregation: which included labeling advice from outside priests as unreliable, telling potential sisters they faced possible damnation if they refused to join, portraying departure from the organization as ingratitude to the Sacred Heart, and threatening lawsuits and denunciations for other congregations if they tried to accept or give the eucharist to a sister who had left the congregation, at least while the congregation had Rev. Kelly as its head. Further mixed reception has come the congregation's perception in the news. After the 1988 kidnapping incident: Greve's mother, who was responsible for her kidnapping from the congregation, also called the group a "cult" which was a "splinter of a splinter group" (referring to the Society of Saint Pius V) where her daughter had "lost her free will". Rev. Clarence Kelly responded by stating "[the family] took her by force and brought in a woman who was paid a lot of money to brainwash her. If there's anything cultish about it, it's the way the Greves acted". Sister Mary Teresa of the congregation said she received a number of worried calls from relatives following the incident, as "you don't expect to hear about this place nationwide", but reassured that "I know the priest, I know the sisters, I know they are great people". Sister Mary Teresa's father further remarked "I let my children choose their own life. I don't see it as a cult at all. Cults hold people captive. We talked to our daughter. She feels she has a calling, I respect that. If I thought that this was a cult for a moment, I'd be down here myself to take her out". Outside of the kidnapping incident, the congregation has remained in the public view largely through appearances in a number of photographs on the sides on newspapers. One of which, taken in 2004 by photographer for The Cincinnati Enquirer Sarah Conard, depicted the nuns holding each others habits while ice skating at the Northern Kentucky Ice Center. The photograph went on to win the Associated Press Managing Editors Association's national "Showcase Photo" of the month, a number of trade awards, and was highlighted during the The Cincinnati Enquirer's 175th anniversary in 2017. ## Music "Good holy songs [are important], because it is said 'He who sings once prays twice.'" As of 2025, the congregation has released ten albums, beginning with Rejoice in 1994, and their most recent being Cor Jesu in 2018. In their music, the congregation emphasizes traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The albums Rejoice and A Traditional Christmas were highlighted by The Cincinnati Enquirer during Christmas time for their season-related tracks. Their music has been used in modern media, with the song "Ave Maris Stella" being used at the end of season 11 episode 9 of The X-Files in a scene taking place at a church. | Album | Release date | # songs | Album length | Ref(s). | | ----------------------- | ----------------- | ------- | ---------------------- | ------- | | Rejoice | 1994 | 20 | 1 hour, 1 minute | [ 25 ] | | De Profundis | December 8, 1995 | 20 | 1 hour, 1 minute | [ 23 ] | | Gregorian Hymns | December 8, 1995 | 20 | 1 hour, 5 minutes | [ 23 ] | | Angelic Voices | 1996 | 19 | 58 minutes, 5 seconds | [ 26 ] | | I Need Thee | February 2, 1998 | 21 | 1 hour, 2 minutes | [ 23 ] | | Mary of Graces | February 2, 1998 | 20 | 1 hour, 2 minutes | [ 23 ] | | A Traditional Christmas | November 1, 2001 | 14 | 1 hour, 7 minutes | [ 23 ] | | A Day in the Cloister | December 1, 2010 | 28 | 1 hour, 14 minutes | [ 23 ] | | Caritas | October 27, 2014 | 17 | 48 minutes, 20 seconds | [ 23 ] | | Cor Jesu | November 17, 2018 | 14 | 56 minutes, 16 seconds | [ 23 ] |

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Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior

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{{Short description|Traditional Catholic congregation of religious sisters in the United States}} {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox organization | name = Congregation of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior | logo = Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior logo 2025.png | logo_alt = Simple text reading the name of the congregation, with a pierced heart consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus on the left | formation = {{Start date and age|1984}} | founder = Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]] | founding_location = [[Round Top, New York]] | type = {{hlist|Semi-[[contemplative]]|[[Catholic religious congregation]]|[[Traditionalist Catholicism]]}} | headquarters = St. Joseph's Novitiate | location_city = [[Round Top, New York]] | location_country = United States | members = 89 | membership_year = 2019 | website = {{Official URL|daughtersofmary.net}} }} The '''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior''' are a congregation of [[Traditional Catholic]] [[religious sisters]], founded in 1984 by Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]]. Their convents and missions are not recognized by the Vatican or their local [[archdioceses]], however, they still refer to themselves as Roman Catholics. The congregation and [[motherhouse]] are based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in [[Round Top, New York]], with additional [[convent]]s in [[Melville, New York]] and [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]]. As Traditional Catholics, the congregation does not adhere to the modern practices of the [[Second Vatican Council]]. They are closely associated with the [[Society of Saint Pius V]], a society of priests which still perform traditional [[Tridentine Mass]], also co-founded by Rev. Kelly. Outside of their convents, the congregation maintains a network of missions, including schools and churches, which promote Traditional Catholicism. They also have released music albums of traditional Catholic music and Gregorian chants. The congregation has received mixed reception in the commentary made about them, with positive feedback revolving around good student behavior at their St. Anne's Chapel and Academy location, and negative feedback from some individuals' perception of the group as a [[cult]], a characterization they firmly deny despite some evidence showing otherwise. The congregation has also been the subject of news coverage for a 1988 alleged [[kidnapping]] case, in which a sister was taken from a convent by her family, and for a 2009 [[fraud]] lawsuit they filed over the sale of a valuable artwork. The lawsuit was later lost, leading the congregation to pay damages for [[defamation]]. == Structure == The Daughters of Mary are a small, semi-[[contemplative]] congregation which practices [[Traditional Catholicism]], specifically, the rules of the [[Catholic Church]] before the [[Second Vatican Council]] (Vatican II) in 1962.<ref name="Miller12">{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Pamela |last2=Greener |first2=Stormi |title=Joyful in their habits |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250769/ |newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] |volume=25 |number=53 |page=E12 |date=May 27, 2006 |access-date=May 3, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Miller11">{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Pamela |last2=Greener |first2=Stormi |title=Joyful in their habits |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250753/ |newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] |volume=25 |number=53 |page=E11 |date=May 27, 2006 |access-date=May 3, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> They were founded by Traditional Catholic priest Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]], who did not have the canonical authority to establish a religious congregation.<ref name="Cekada">{{cite web |author-link=Anthony Cekada |last1=Cekada |first1=Anthony |title=Spiritual Cooties: The SSPV Sacramental Penalties after 30 Years |url=https://www.fathercekada.com/2019/07/04/spiritual-cooties-the-sspv-sacramental-penalties-after-30-years/ |work=Quidlibet |date=July 4, 2019 |access-date=June 1, 2025 |archive-date=June 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601181500/https://www.fathercekada.com/2019/07/04/spiritual-cooties-the-sspv-sacramental-penalties-after-30-years/ |url-status=live}}</ref> As such, the congregation has no canonical status in the Roman Catholic Church,<ref name="Cekada"/> and is not recognized by the Vatican or their local [[archdioceses]].<ref name="Miller12"/> Nonetheless, the congregation refers to themself as Roman Catholic.<ref name="Miller12"/><ref name="Miller10"/> They are closely associated with the [[Society of Saint Pius V]], a group of priests who still perform traditional [[Tridentine Mass]].<ref name="Miller11"/> This society of priests was led by Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]], the same person who founded the congregation.<ref name="Goldman"/> Kelly believed the direction the Traditionalist Catholic Church was being led by [[excommunicated]]-French Archbishop [[Marcel Lefebvre]] was too liberal.<ref name="Goldman"/> The congregation is based out of St. Joseph's Novitiate in [[Round Top, New York]],<ref name="Goldman">{{cite web |author-link=Ari L. Goldman |last1=Goldman |first1=Ari L. |title=A Fight Over an Ex-Nun's Mind and Soul |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/11/nyregion/a-fight-over-an-ex-nun-s-mind-and-soul.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 11, 1988 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525084042/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/11/nyregion/a-fight-over-an-ex-nun-s-mind-and-soul.html |archive-date=May 25, 2015 |location=[[Round Top, New York]] |url-status=live |url-access=limited}}</ref> with the location including the congregation's [[motherhouse]],<ref name="Mandell"/> with additional [[convent]]s located nationally in [[Melville, New York]] on [[Long Island]],<ref name="Melville">{{cite news |last1=Dunn |first1=John |title=Snow around the East Coast {{!}} Long Island |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/555456270/ |newspaper=[[York Daily Record]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[York, Pennsylvania]] |volume=213 |number=305 |page=7 |date=December 22, 2009 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> and St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The congregation considers themselves to be following [[One true faith|true]] Roman Catholicism,<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Mandell">{{cite news |last1=Mandell |first1=Jonathan |title=Inside the Covent |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/710208708/ |newspaper=[[Newsday]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[New York, New York]] |volume=48 |number=310 |page=97 |date=July 11, 1988 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> and likewise doesn't prefer the word "[[schism]]" to describe their separation from the modern-day Vatican, despite the word being technically accurate.<ref name="Miller10"/> The congregation members are [[Catholic sisters and nuns in the United States|"sisters"]], not "nuns", as they are not cloistered.<ref name="Miller10">{{cite news |last1=Miller |first1=Pamela |last2=Greener |first2=Stormi |title=Joyful in their habits |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/250250714/ |newspaper=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] |volume=25 |number=53 |page=E10 |date=May 27, 2006 |access-date=May 3, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> == Apostolate and works == The congregation defines themselves by their [[act of Consecration to the Sacred Heart of Jesus]], for which prayers of thanks are offered for at least one hour each day.<ref name="Miller11"/> Inside of their convents, the day begins at 6{{nbsp}}am with singing and chanting of the [[Liturgy of the Hours]] each morning,<ref name="Goldman"/> and a [[compline]] consisting of prayers and [[Psalms]] nightly.<ref name="Miller12"/> The congregation often partakes in prayer and reflection, studying, and [[visiting the sick]], alongside recreation including [[board games]], [[playing card|cards]], chores, sports, and walks.<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Goldman"/> The sisters are also to remain in full [[religious habit]] at all times, even when away from the convent shopping or partaking more extreme recreation like [[motorboating]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The purpose of this has been stated to draw attention to them and their cause, as well [[penance]] for what they see as [[immodesty]] of the modern day.<ref name="Miller11"/> At least in 1988, the sisters also observed silence during meals and were to see their families only four times a year, which was traditional for pre-Vatican II convents.<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="Mandell"/> Outside of their convents, the congregation's primary responsibilities revolve around maintaining their network of missions including churches and schools.<ref name="Mandell"/> These missions include: a church named St. Gertrude's in [[Sharonville, Ohio]] alongside a school named St. Gertrude's Academy, a church and [[rectory]] in [[Oyster Bay, New York]], a large building which houses some of the sisters who work as teachers in [[East Meadow, New York]], and a grades 1–12 school centered around the principles of the Society of Saint Pius V in [[Wantagh, New York]].<ref name="Mandell"/> the congregation also maintains smaller and more makeshift missions including: preforming a Tridentine Mass at the [[Warwick New York Hotel]] in [[midtown Manhattan]] each Sunday.<ref name="Mandell"/> Below the three convents of the congregation are described. === St. Joseph's Novitiate === The St. Joseph's Novitiate location in [[Round Top, New York]], is the congregation's first location, and contains the main [[motherhouse]] of the congregation.<ref name="Mandell"/> Converted from a rundown {{cvt|14|acre}} resort, the sisters originally lived in a 100-year-old guest house on the site, but worshipped at a newly-built church made out of [[cedar wood]].<ref name="Goldman"/> In 1988, the location consisted of the church and three wooden buildings, one of which housed Rev. Clarence Kelly and the other two the convent.<ref name="Mandell"/> Several more wooden buildings were under construction at this time to serve as new housing for the convent, and a graveyard.<ref name="Mandell"/> === Long Island convent === The congregation's second location in [[Melville, New York]],<ref name="Melville"/> opened no later than 1988.<ref name="Mandell"/> It primarily involves itself in maintaining their nearby network of mission locations described above, possibly including: the Society of Saint Pius V grades 1–12 school in Wantagh, the church and rectory in Oyster Bay, and the houses for sisters in East Meadow, all in [[Nassau County, Long Island]].<ref name="Mandell"/> The Long Island convent was also the one involved in the ''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle'' lawsuit.<ref name="Constable"/> === St. Anne's Chapel and Academy === The congregation has a church and school at St. Anne's Chapel and Academy in [[White Bear Lake, Minnesota]], which consists of a number of plain gray buildings, one of which houses a small grades 1–12 school building.<ref name="Miller12"/> The school, which is taught by the sisters of the congregation, includes classes on topics such as religion, church history, French, and physics.<ref name="Miller12"/> The school participates in a number of extracurriculars including regular chores<ref name="Miller10"/> and a yearly spring concert, which in the past has included non-Catholic music from plays like ''[[The Sound of Music]]'' and ''[[The Jungle Book]]''.<ref name="Miller12"/> On the schools playground during [[recess (break)|recess]], the sisters also participate in games such as [[basketball]] [[dodgeball]], [[jump rope]], [[soccer]], [[tennis]], and [[volleyball]], the sight of which has been known to slow traffic on County Road E. which overlooks the playground.<ref name="Miller11"/><ref name="Miller10"/> Guidelines for the students generally forbid them from watching P-13 and R-rated movies, vulgar music, and, at least during 2006, using the internet without a parent.<ref name="Miller11"/> The school requires [[school uniform]]s.<ref name="Miller12"/> In 2006, the school consisted of 60 students and seven sisters,<ref name="Miller12"/> with an annual [[tuition payment]] of {{US$|900}} to $1,300.<ref name="Miller10"/> As for the chapel, a daily mass in Latin is held in which the schoolchildren are required to attend.<ref name="Miller10"/> The [[pews]] are separated by gender, and often include [[confession]] afterwards.<ref name="Miller10"/> As is the congregation as a whole, the church is not recognized by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis]], or listed on their registries.<ref name="Miller10"/> == History == {{Historical populations | title= Total congregation members | percentages = pagr | 1988 |21 | 2006 |49 | 2016 |68 | 2019 |86 }} The congregation was founded in 1984 by Rev. Clarence Kelly after he purchased a{{cvt|14|acre}} rundown resort in the [[Catskill Mountains]] for $99,000, which became the St. Joseph's Novitiate.<ref name="Goldman"/> The decision to make a congregation was made by Rev. Kelly after he and his fellow priest colleagues were expulsed from the [[Society of St. Pius X]], and lacked the ordinary jurisdiction needed to make a legally-recognized religious congregation.<ref name="Cekada"/> The congregation was created in a way where the congregation, its [[apostolate]], and its rules were to be decided by Rev. Kelly alone with no oversight from his fellow priest colleagues starting the congregation with him, much to their dismay.<ref name="Cekada"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Cekada |first1=Anthony |last2=Collins |first2=Joseph F. |last3=Ahern |first3=Daniel B. |title=June 29, 1989 Letter to Fr. Kelly |url=https://www.fathercekada.com/1989/06/29/june-29-1989-letter-to-fr-kelly/ |work=Quidlibet |location=[[Oyster Bay Cove, New York]] |date=June 29, 1989 |access-date=June 1, 2025 |archive-date=January 19, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119103039/https://www.fathercekada.com/1989/06/29/june-29-1989-letter-to-fr-kelly/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1988, four years after being founded, the congregation had a total of 21 members consisting of nine sisters and 12 priests associated with the Society of Saint Pius V.<ref name="Mandell"/> During this time, they maintained a network of 50 missions: including 20 churches and five school buildings.<ref name="Mandell"/> Their most successful missions were their school in Wantagh which maintained a total of 70 students, and their church and academy in Sharonville which averaged 800 worshipers on Sundays.<ref name="Mandell"/> In 2006, the total number of members increased to 49 members consisting of sisters and [[postulate]]s.<ref name="Miller11"/> This increased again in 2016 to 68 members,<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024160034/https://www.daughtersofmary.net/about-us/ |publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior |year=2016 |access-date=May 11, 2025}}</ref> and again in 2019 to 86 members.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216235313/http://www.daughtersofmary.net:80/about-us/ |publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior |year=2019 |access-date=May 11, 2025}}</ref> === Alleged kidnapping of Sister Mary Cecelia === On June 26, 1988, 22-year-old Sister Mary Cecelia of the congregation, previously Mary Sue Greve, was allegedly [[kidnapping|kidnapped]] by her family while on a walk with two other sisters.<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Nun kidnapped by family members |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/06/27/Nun-kidnapped-by-family-members/7110583387200/ |work=[[United Press International]] |date=June 27, 1988 |access-date=May 4, 2025}}</ref> The incident took place just outside the congregation's main St. Joseph's Novitiate location, and was carried out by Cecelia's father, two brothers, and another man, who forced her into their car and drove away.<ref name="Goldman"/> Witnesses reported that she was screaming and kicking her legs out of the window as the car drove away.<ref name="UPI"/> A sister from the congregation characterized the incident as violent, saying that Sister Mary Cecelia's head was banged on the car door several times while being put in the vehicle.<ref name="UPI"/> The incident made national news, and was quickly investigated by the [[New York State Police]] and [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI), who located her within a few days back in her previous home in [[Cincinnati, Ohio]].<ref name="Goldman"/> The incident had been planned by the sister's mother, Susan Greve, claiming she didn't want to 'lose' her only daughter to a convent, after previously losing one to a [[stillbirth]].<ref name="UPI"/><ref name="Mandell2"/> While the mother had originally introduced Sister Cecelia to the Society of Saint Pius V, she claimed her daughter did not have a [[vocation]] and was never happy in the congregation,<ref name="Goldman"/> supported by the decision of Sister Mary Cecelia who reportedly had decided to leave the congregation two weeks before the incident, at the time unbeknownst to her family.<ref name="Mandell"/> This argument was challenged by the congregation's head Rev. Clarence Kelly, who claimed Sister Cecelia had already spent nearly two years there, and had promised before God she knew she was free to leave at any time.<ref name="Goldman"/> The parent's plan was ultimately successful, however, as after returning home, the sister had renounced her pledge to the congregation and went back to using her [[given name]].<ref name="Goldman"/> A few days later, Greve appeared on national television on ''[[The Phil Donahue Show]]'' to discuss the incident, where she claimed a "very nice woman" her family brought to her after the kidnapping had convinced her the advice and pressure she received in the congregation was wrong.<ref name="Goldman"/> The incident was credited by ''[[The New York Times]]'' as having revived the debate over the responsibility of parents over their children's freedom.<ref name="Goldman"/> The police and FBI's decision to end their investigation after locating the sister was argued by Rev. Clarence Kelly as ignoring a "heinous crime" and creating "a dangerous precedent".<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="UPI"/> === ''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle'' === [[File:Notredameanges W-A Bouguereau.png|thumb|alt=Mary, mother of Jesus, standing in clouds with the Infant Jesus surrounded by angels|''Notre Dame des Anges'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, 1889.]] In February 2009, the congregation filed a lawsuit in the [[New York Supreme Court]] against [[Albany, New York]]-based art appraiser, Mark LaSalle, and [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]]-based art dealer, Mark Zaplin, for [[fraud]] over the sale of an artwork which the congregation sold to them.<ref name="Constable">{{cite news |last1=Constable |first1=Anne |title=Seller's remorse or fraudulent transaction? |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/207915775/ |newspaper=[[The Santa Fe New Mexican]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Santa Fe, New Mexico]] |volume=160 |number=52 |pages=A001, A005 |date=February 21, 2009 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Roberts">{{cite news |last1=Roberts |first1=Kathaleen |title=Nuns: Santa Fe Art Dealer Conned Us |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/206521616/ |newspaper=[[Albuquerque Journal]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] |volume=129 |number=51 |pages=1, 2 |date=February 20, 2009 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> The congregation claimed the two colluded to defraud them of $1.75 million they believed they could have obtained through the sale of ''Notre Dame des Anges'', an 1889 artwork by [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]] that depicts [[Mary, mother of Jesus]], standing in clouds with the [[Infant Jesus]] surrounded by angels.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> Represented by [[New York City]] attorney Bruce Goldstone, the congregation claimed in their lawsuit the two had committed fraud "intentionally", "deliberately", and "maliciously" against them.<ref name="Constable"/> The artwork, which had been considered "lost" as it had not been seen publicly since the [[World's Columbian Exposition]] in 1893, was purchased by the Long Island convent in 2002 from a [[parishioner]], who then transferred the piece to the motherhouse St. Joseph's Novitiate.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> It was hung in a hallway here until a sister eventually noticed it, and believing it was valuable, hired LaSalle to appraise it in 2004.<ref name="Constable"/> LeSalle appraised the piece, which had a number of issues including: [[overpainting]], bubbling paint, a cracked [[canvas]], and a bad frame, as worth between $150–250,000 without [[art restoration|restoration]], though could be worth more with.<ref name="Constable"/> [[Art dealer]] Paul Dumont, who specialized in finding favorable art deals and notifying gallery owners, contacted Zaplin who requested to buy the piece.<ref name="Constable"/> After receiving some restoration, Zaplin, who never met with an of the sisters personally in the transaction, made a bid of $350,000 for the piece. After a counteroffer of $450,000, Zaplin accepted and the piece was sold in 2006.<ref name="Constable"/> Zaplin made additional restorations to the painting and bought a $40,000 frame for it, with the intention to resell the piece for a profit.<ref name="Constable"/> Grounds for the lawsuit originated in 2007 after Zaplin arranged to have the painting displayed at the [[Dallas Museum of Fine Arts]], and sold the painting for $2.15 million through a [[Sotheby's]] in Texas, making $1.75 million in profit.<ref name="Constable"/> Zaplin defended the sale by stating the lawsuit was made out of {{Wikt-lang|en|seller's remorse|i=-}} and that the sisters never had to sell the painting to him, noting he was just "very lucky" in the resell.<ref name="Constable"/> Goldstone argued LaSalle had knowingly made a "lowball" appraisal to make a significant return with Zaplin, supported by an [[affidavit]] made by Dumont in court who quoted LaSalle as stating "we could 'screw' the sisters and make a handsome profit".<ref name="Constable"/> Additionally, Zaplin was involved in an unrelated art lawsuit during the same time alleging [[copyright]] violations.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jadrnak |first1=Jackie |title=SF gallery loses fight over woodcut prints |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/206530201/ |newspaper=[[Albuquerque Journal]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] |volume=132 |number=9 |page=45 |date=January 9, 2012 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Believing LaSalle knew the piece was worth between $1.5–1.8 million before restorations, the sisters likewise sought the $1.75 million in profit Zaplin made from the resell, as well as $51 million in punitive damages.<ref name="Constable"/><ref name="Roberts"/> The day of the trial in January 2012, however, the jury found LaSalle and Zaplin not guilty of fraud after less than a day of deliberation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Constable |first1=Anne |title=N.Y. jury rejects nuns' claims against Santa Fe gallery owner |url=https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/n-y-jury-rejects-nuns-claims-against-santa-fe-gallery-owner/article_f6da2fe1-9a30-5822-a1f5-ce7a843a91d1.html |newspaper=[[The Santa Fe New Mexican]] |date=January 10, 2012 |access-date=May 4, 2025}}</ref> The jury additionally awarded LaSalle and Zaplin a total of $575,000 in damages and [[defamation]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oswald |first1=Mark |title=Gallery Owner Didn't Cheat Nuns |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/79877/gallery-owner-didnt-cheat-nuns.html |work=[[Albuquerque Journal]] |date=January 11, 2012 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009193621/https://www.abqjournal.com/79877/gallery-owner-didnt-cheat-nuns.html |archive-date=October 9, 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Reception == [[File:Fr Cekada 2.png|thumb|alt=A portrait photo of an older man with gray hair and glasses wearing clerical clothing sitting in a chair|Rev. [[Anthony Cekada]], an outspoken critic of the congregation under the leadership of its founder Rev. [[Clarence Kelly]]]] Reception of the congregation is mixed. Positive feedback has been given regarding the good behavior and politeness of students attending St. Anne's Chapel and Academy, as well as its emphasis on faith.<ref name="Miller10"/> While not its main purpose, it's also not uncommon for female students attending the academy to desire joining the congregation as sisters themselves, for which they are "encouraged to pray and ponder on it".<ref name="Miller11"/> Parents of many of the sisters in the congregation have also supported their daughters decision to join.<ref name="Mandell2">{{cite news |last1=Mandell |first1=Jonathan |title=Inside the Covent |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/705072614/ |newspaper=[[Newsday]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[New York, New York]] |volume=48 |number=310 |page=98 |date=July 11, 1988 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Conversely, Chancellor of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre]] Rev. John Alesandro, stated "I don't agree with them, and neither do 999,900,000 other Catholics. There are a billion Catholics in the world, and maybe 100,000 followers of [Traditional Catholicism]".<ref name="Mandell2"/> He further remarked the congregation "can call themselves whatever they want, traditionalists or whatever, but they are not the Catholic Church".<ref name="Mandell"/> Priest colleague of Rev. Kelly during the founding of the congregation Rev. [[Anthony Cekada]], later dissociated with Rev. Kelly, and went further to refer to the congregation as a "[[cult]]".<ref name="Cekada"/> His reasons for doing so revolved around Rev. Kelly's sole control of the congregation without oversight from his priest colleagues (including himself), guilt and fear tactics used to maintain obedience, and beliefs Rev. Cekada claims Rev. Kelly pressured on the congregation: which included labeling advice from outside priests as unreliable, telling potential sisters they faced possible [[damnation]] if they refused to join, portraying departure from the organization as ingratitude to the Sacred Heart, and threatening [[lawsuit]]s and [[denunciation]]s for other congregations if they tried to accept or give the [[eucharist]] to a sister who had left the congregation, at least while the congregation had Rev. Kelly as its head.<ref name="Cekada"/> Further mixed reception has come the congregation's perception in the news. After the 1988 kidnapping incident: Greve's mother, who was responsible for her kidnapping from the congregation, also called the group a "cult" which was a "splinter of a splinter group" (referring to the Society of Saint Pius V) where her daughter had "lost her [[free will]]".<ref name="Goldman"/><ref name="Mandell"/> Rev. Clarence Kelly responded by stating "[the family] took her by force and brought in a woman who was paid a lot of money to brainwash her. If there's anything cultish about it, it's the way the Greves acted".<ref name="Goldman"/> Sister Mary Teresa of the congregation said she received a number of worried calls from relatives following the incident, as "you don't expect to hear about this place nationwide", but reassured that "I know the priest, I know the sisters, I know they are great people".<ref name="Mandell2"/> Sister Mary Teresa's father further remarked "I let my children choose their own life. I don't see it as a cult at all. Cults hold people captive. We talked to our daughter. She feels she has a calling, I respect that. If I thought that this was a cult for a moment, I'd be down here myself to take her out".<ref name="Mandell2"/> Outside of the kidnapping incident, the congregation has remained in the public view largely through appearances in a number of photographs on the sides on newspapers.<ref name="Melville"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Saman |first1=Moises |title=A brisk walk, a good habit |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/710208708/ |newspaper=[[Newsday]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[New York, New York]] |volume=67 |number=40 |page=34 |date=October 12, 2006 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wark |first1=Luke |title=Nuns hope to fly on the Jet Express |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/sandusky-register-jul-22-2014-p-9/ |newspaper=[[Sandusky Register]] |via=[[NewspaperArchive]] |location=[[Sandusky, Ohio]] |volume=192 |number=115 |page=A9 |date=July 22, 2014 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> One of which, taken in 2004 by photographer for ''[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]]'' Sarah Conard, depicted the nuns holding each others habits while [[ice skating]] at the Northern Kentucky Ice Center.<ref name="Clark">{{cite news |last1=Clark |first1=Paul |title=Skating nuns release Christmas albums |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/103206038/ |newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Cincinnati, Ohio]] |volume=166 |number=231 |page=D6 |date=November 26, 2006 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Suess">{{cite web |last1=Suess |first1=Jeff |title=Enquirer Throwback: Photos show everyday life |url=https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/01/11/enquirer-throwback-photos-show-everyday-life/96133844/ |work=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] |date=January 11, 2017 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428064400/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2017/01/11/enquirer-throwback-photos-show-everyday-life/96133844/ |archive-date=April 28, 2025 |url-status=live |url-access=limited}}</ref> The photograph went on to win the ''[[Associated Press]]'' Managing Editors Association's national "Showcase Photo" of the month, a number of trade awards,<ref name="Clark"/> and was highlighted during the ''The Cincinnati Enquirer''{{'s}} 175th anniversary in 2017.<ref name="Suess"/> == Music == {{Quote box |quote = "Good holy songs [are important], because it is said 'He who sings once prays twice.'" |author = Sister Maria Goretti |source = May 2006 interview with ''[[Minnesota Star Tribune]]''<ref name="Miller11"/> |width = 25% |align = right |bgcolor= #F0FFF0 |quoted = yes }} {{As of|2025}}, the congregation has released ten albums, beginning with ''Rejoice'' in 1994, and their most recent being ''Cor Jesu'' in 2018.<ref name="Music">{{cite web |title=Music |url=https://www.daughtersofmarypress.com/music |publisher=Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Music2">{{cite web |title=Daughters of Mary |url=https://open.spotify.com/artist/0az8JXfTqIYlSMz2Vmxesv/discography/album |publisher=[[Spotify]] |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref> In their music, the congregation emphasizes traditional Catholic music and [[Gregorian chants]].<ref name="Miller11"/> The albums ''Rejoice'' and ''A Traditional Christmas'' were highlighted by ''The Cincinnati Enquirer'' during [[Christmas]] time for their season-related tracks.<ref name="Clark"/> Their music has been used in modern media, with the song "Ave Maris Stella" being used at the end of season 11 episode 9 of ''[[The X-Files]]'' in a scene taking place at a church.<ref>{{cite web |title=Season 11E9 · Nothing Lasts Forever |url=https://www.tunefind.com/show/the-x-files/season-11/57749 |publisher=[[Tunefind]] |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Discography of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior ! scope="col" | Album ! scope="col" | Release date ! scope="col" | {{Abbr|# songs|Number of songs}} ! scope="col" | Album length ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref(s).|Reference(s)}} |- ! scope="row" | Rejoice | {{Date table sorting|1994}} | 20 | {{sort|61|1 hour, 1 minute}} | <ref>{{cite web |title=Rejoice |url=https://www.amazon.com/Rejoice-Daughters-Mary/dp/B07HSJHDGZ/ |publisher=[[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] |date=January 14, 2021 |access-date=April 6, 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | De Profundis | {{Date table sorting|1995-12-08}} | 20 | {{sort|61|1 hour, 1 minute}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | Gregorian Hymns | {{Date table sorting|1995-12-08}} | 20 | {{sort|65|1 hour, 5 minutes}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | Angelic Voices | {{Date table sorting|1996}} | 19 | {{sort|58|58 minutes, 5 seconds}} | <ref>{{cite web |title=Angelic Voices |url=https://www.amazon.com/Angelic-Voices-Daughters-Mary/dp/B01IDHTGXI |publisher=[[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] |date=July 13, 2016 |access-date=April 6, 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | I Need Thee | {{Date table sorting|1998-02-02}} | 21 | {{sort|62|1 hour, 2 minutes}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | Mary of Graces | {{Date table sorting|1998-02-02}} | 20 | {{sort|62|1 hour, 2 minutes}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | A Traditional Christmas | {{Date table sorting|2001-11-01}} | 14 | {{sort|67|1 hour, 7 minutes}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | A Day in the Cloister | {{Date table sorting|2010-12-01}} | 28 | {{sort|74|1 hour, 14 minutes}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | Caritas | {{Date table sorting|2014-10-27}} | 17 | {{sort|48|48 minutes, 20 seconds}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |- ! scope="row" | Cor Jesu | {{Date table sorting|2018-11-17}} | 14 | {{sort|56|56 minutes, 16 seconds}} | <ref name="Music2"/> |} == See also == {{Portal|Catholicism|United States}} * [[List of Catholic religious institutes]] * [[Daughters of Mary of the Immaculate Conception]] – similarly named, have interacted with each other before<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vance |first1=Karen |title=Church finds traditions preserve reverence |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/103773529/ |newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Enquirer]] |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=[[Cincinnati, Ohio]] |volume=163 |number=90 |page=E13 |date=July 8, 2003 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |url-access=limited}}</ref> * [[Mass of Paul VI]] – the most common Catholic mass, displacing the Tridentine Mass practiced by the congregation * [[Society of Saint Pius X]] – Traditional Catholic society from which Rev. Clarence Kelly split == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * {{Official URL|daughtersofmary.net}} – Official website * {{URL|sa-chapel.org/}} – St. Anne's Chapel and Academy website * {{URL|https://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/other-courts/2011/2011-51737.html|''Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior v. LaSalle''}} – via [[Justia]] [[Category:Catholic dissident organizations]] [[Category:Christian organizations established in 1984]] [[Category:Christian religious orders established in the 20th century]] [[Category:Traditionalist Catholic nuns and religious sisters]] [[Category:Traditionalist Catholicism in the United States]]

1,300,439,183

[{"title": "Congregation of the Daughters of Mary, Mother of Our Savior", "data": {"Formation": "1984", "Founder": "Rev. Clarence Kelly", "Founded at": "Round Top, New York", "Type": "Semi- contemplative Catholic religious congregation Traditionalist Catholicism", "Headquarters": "St. Joseph's Novitiate", "Location": "- Round Top, New York, United States", "Members": "89 (2019)", "Website": "www.daughtersofmary.net"}}, {"title": "Total congregation members", "data": {"Year": "Pop. \u00b7 \u00b1% p.a.", "1988": "21 \u00b7 \u2014", "2006": "49 \u00b7 +4.82%", "2016": "68 \u00b7 +3.33%", "2019": "86 \u00b7 +8.14%"}}]

false

# Stanley Martin Flatté Stanley Martin Flatté (2 December 1940, Los Angeles – 4 November 2007) was a particle physicist and expert on wave propagation in atmospheric optics, ocean acoustics, and seismology. ## Biography Flatté received in 1962 a B.S. in physics from California Institute of Technology and in 1966 a Ph.D. in physics from UC Berkeley. After 5 years as a research physicist at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, he joined in 1971 the UC Santa Cruz faculty, where he remained until his retirement in 2004. At UCSC he was affiliated with the Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, the Institute of Marine Sciences, and the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. In 1970 he joined JASON. In the area of particle physics, the Flatté Parametrization he developed is still used to describe the decay of certain kinds of mesons (fundamental particles made of quarks and antiquarks). Flatté's work on ocean acoustics began in the mid-1970s and continued for more than two decades. He helped develop a new paradigm in understanding sound transmission in the ocean. In the 1990s, he was involved in the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment, which aimed to track the average temperature of the ocean using sound waves.In the area of atmospheric optics, Flatté studied the propagation of light waves through atmospheric turbulence. This work led to a collaboration with Claire Max, a pioneer in the field of adaptive optics for telescopes and now director of the Center for Adaptive Optics at UCSC and a professor of astronomy and astrophysics.In seismology, Flatté contributed to research on the scattering of seismic waves in the deep Earth. Geophysicist Ru-Shan Wu came to UCSC in 1986 to work with Flatté on scattering theory. Thorne Lay, professor of Earth and planetary sciences, said this collaboration led to the development by Wu of important techniques used by the oil exploration industry. Upon his death, Flatté was survived by his wife, a son, a daughter, and six grandchildren. ## Awards and honors - Guggenheim Fellow (academic year 1975–1976) - Fellow of the Optical Society of America (elected 1996)[3] - Fellow of the American Physical Society (elected 1997) - Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

enwiki/50056703

enwiki

50,056,703

Stanley Martin Flatté

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Martin_Flatt%C3%A9

2024-04-06T10:45:04Z

en

Q23751632

20,205

'''Stanley Martin Flatté''' (2 December 1940, [[Los Angeles]] – 4 November 2007) was a particle [[physicist]] and expert on [[wave propagation]] in [[atmospheric optics]], [[Ocean acoustic tomography|ocean acoustics]], and [[seismology]].<ref name="PhysicsTodayObit">{{cite journal|author=Lay, Thorne|author2=Seiden, Abraham|title=Obituary. Stanley Flatté|journal=Physics Today|date=April 2008|volume=61|issue=4|pages= 80|doi=10.1063/1.2911188|bibcode=2008PhT....61d..80L|doi-access=free}}</ref> ==Biography== Flatté received in 1962 a B.S. in physics from [[California]] Institute of Technology and in 1966 a Ph.D. in physics from [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]]. After 5 years as a research physicist at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory|Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory]], he joined in 1971 the [[University of California, Santa Cruz|UC Santa Cruz]] faculty, where he remained until his retirement in 2004. At UCSC he was affiliated with the Santa Cruz Institute for [[Particle physics|Particle Physics]], the Institute of [[Marine sciences|Marine Sciences]], and the Institute of [[Geophysics]] and Planetary Physics. In 1970 he joined [[JASON (advisory group)|JASON]].<ref name=PhysicsTodayObit/> {{blockquote|In the area of particle physics, the Flatté Parametrization he developed is still used to describe the decay of certain kinds of mesons (fundamental particles made of quarks and antiquarks). Flatté's work on ocean acoustics began in the mid-1970s and continued for more than two decades. He helped develop a new paradigm in understanding sound transmission in the ocean. In the 1990s, he was involved in the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment, which aimed to track the average temperature of the ocean using sound waves.In the area of atmospheric optics, Flatté studied the propagation of light waves through atmospheric turbulence. This work led to a collaboration with Claire Max, a pioneer in the field of adaptive optics for telescopes and now director of the Center for Adaptive Optics at UCSC and a professor of astronomy and astrophysics.In seismology, Flatté contributed to research on the scattering of seismic waves in the deep Earth. Geophysicist Ru-Shan Wu came to UCSC in 1986 to work with Flatté on scattering theory. Thorne Lay, professor of Earth and planetary sciences, said this collaboration led to the development by Wu of important techniques used by the oil exploration industry.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Stephens, Tim|date=5 November 2007|title=Physicist Stanley Flatté dies at age 66|website=University of California Santa Cruz Newscenter|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2007/11/1716.html}}</ref>}} Upon his death, Flatté was survived by his wife, a son, a daughter, and six grandchildren. ==Awards and honors== * [[Guggenheim Fellowship|Guggenheim Fellow]] (academic year 1975–1976) * Fellow of the [[The Optical Society|Optical Society of America]] (elected 1996)<ref>[http://www.osa.org/en-us/about_osa/newsroom/obituaries/flatte/ Stanley Flatté | In Memoriam | The Optical Society]</ref> * Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] (elected 1997) * Fellow of the [[Acoustical Society of America]] * Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.slideshare.net/accipio/isaac-newton-the-man-optimised Isaac Newton: The Man — A Delphasus Lecture by Dr. Stanley M. Flatté] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Flatte, Stanley Martin}} [[Category:1940 births]] [[Category:2007 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American physicists]] [[Category:American particle physicists]] [[Category:American theoretical physicists]] [[Category:California Institute of Technology alumni]] [[Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni]] [[Category:University of California, Santa Cruz faculty]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]] [[Category:Scientists from Los Angeles]] [[Category:Fellows of the Acoustical Society of America]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science]]

1,217,530,386

[]

false

# Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi (b. Felizzano 20 August 1895– d. Genoa 24 August 1967) was an Italian violin maker. Originally from a Piedmontese village near Alessandria, Lecchi showed great talent for woodworking at a young age. In 1924, he took over De Barbieri’s place in Cesare Candi’s workshop. Lecchi proved to be an ideal partner for Candi and made a considerable contribution to his last series of decorated instruments, taking charge of the delicate inlays. By 1937, Lecchi was at his peak winning first prize for a quartet at the Stradivari bicentennial exhibition in Cremona. "His was a more ‘classical’ taste than that of all the other Genoese makers, and his way of making the Stradivari model was elegant and well balanced." Later on, he was given the honor of serving as official curator to Nicolo Paganini’s del Gesù “Cannon” violin, which still belongs to the city of Genoa. Most of his violins don’t bear the sharp edges and consistent archings of modern Genoese instruments. Lecchi used Candi’s continuous lining technique only in his early period; soon after he began making the interiors in the traditional way, with the central linings mortised or simply set into the centre-blocks.

enwiki/16068577

enwiki

16,068,577

Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Bernardo_Lecchi

2025-07-06T21:04:14Z

en

Q5565350

21,989

{{Short description|Italian luthier (1895–1967)}} '''Giuseppe Bernardo Lecchi''' (b. [[Felizzano]] 20 August 1895– d. [[Genoa]] 24 August 1967) was an Italian [[luthiers|violin maker]]. Originally from a [[Piedmont]]ese village near [[Alessandria]], Lecchi showed great talent for woodworking at a young age. In 1924, he took over De Barbieri’s place in [[Cesare Candi]]’s workshop.<ref>{{cite book | last=Blot | first=Eric | chapter=Liguria III | title=Un secolo di liuteria italiana, 1860-1960 - A century of Italian violin making | location=Cremona | publisher=Turris | year=1994 | isbn=88-7929-125-4}}</ref> Lecchi proved to be an ideal partner for Candi and made a considerable contribution to his last series of decorated instruments, taking charge of the delicate inlays. By 1937, Lecchi was at his peak winning first prize for a quartet at the Stradivari bicentennial exhibition in Cremona. "His was a more ‘classical’ taste than that of all the other Genoese makers, and his way of making the Stradivari model was elegant and well balanced."<ref name="giordanoviolins.com">[http://www.giordanoviolins.com/english/articles/genoeseline.html Alberto Giordano&C. - Fine violins, violas and cellos in Genoa] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203140953/http://www.giordanoviolins.com/english/articles/genoeseline.html |date=December 3, 2008 }}, from www.giordanoviolins.com</ref> Later on, he was given the honor of serving as official curator to [[Nicolo Paganini]]’s del Gesù “Cannon” violin,<ref name="carriagehouse.com">[http://carriagehouseviolins.com/giuseppe-lecchi-violin-50k-and-up Carriage House violins]</ref> which still belongs to the city of Genoa. Most of his violins don’t bear the sharp edges and consistent archings of modern Genoese instruments. Lecchi used Candi’s continuous lining technique only in his early period; soon after he began making the interiors in the traditional way, with the central linings mortised or simply set into the centre-blocks.<ref name="giordanoviolins.com"/> ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==References== *{{cite book | last=Blot | first=Eric | chapter=Liguria III | title=Un secolo di liuteria italiana, 1860-1960 - A century of Italian violin making | location=Cremona | publisher=Turris | year=1994 | isbn=88-7929-125-4}} ==Further reading== *La Liuteria Italiana / Italian Violin Making in the 1800s and 1900s - Umberto Azzolina *{{Cite book |author-first = Carlo |author-last = Vettori |author-link = Carlo Vettori |year = 1992 |title = I Maestri del Novecento |language = it, en |location = Firenze |publisher = Arte Liutaria |pages = 13–17 |lccn = 93160943/MN |oclc = 30318100 }} *La Liuteria Lombarda del '900 - Roberto Codazzi, Cinzia Manfredini 2002 *Dictionary of 20th Century Italian Violin Makers - [[Marlin Brinser]] 1978 * {{cite book | last=Vannes | first=Rene | title=Dictionnaire Universel del Luthiers (vol.3)| location=Bruxelles | publisher=Les Amis de la musique | year=1985 |orig-date=1951 | oclc=53749830 }} * {{cite book | last=William | first=Henley | title=[[Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers]] | location=Brighton; England | publisher=Amati | year=1969 | isbn=0-901424-00-5 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lecchi, Giuseppe}} [[Category:1895 births]] [[Category:1967 deaths]] [[Category:Italian luthiers]] [[Category:People from the Province of Alessandria]] [[Category:20th-century Italian musicians]]

1,299,153,387

[]

false

# Schwa with diaeresis Schwa with diaeresis (Ӛ ӛ; italics: Ӛ ӛ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is currently unique to the Eastern Khanty (Vakh-Vasyugan dialect). Ӛ is romanized with a Latin schwa and combining marks ⟨Ə̈ ə̈⟩ or ⟨À à⟩ in ISO-9. ## Usage This letter usually represents the close-mid central unrounded vowel /ɘ/. ## Computing codes | Preview | Ӛ | Ӛ | ӛ | ӛ | | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | | Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS | | Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | | Unicode | 1242 | U+04DA | 1243 | U+04DB | | UTF-8 | 211 154 | D3 9A | 211 155 | D3 9B | | Numeric character reference | Ӛ | Ӛ | ӛ | ӛ |

enwiki/10231666

enwiki

10,231,666

Schwa with diaeresis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwa_with_diaeresis

2025-07-07T11:01:40Z

en

Q425224

61,632

{{Short description|Cyrillic letter used for /ɘ/ in Khanty}} {{Unreferenced|date=April 2019}} {{infobox grapheme |script = [[Cyrillic]] |type = [[Alphabet]] |typedesc = ic |name = Schwa with diaeresis |image = Cyrillic letter Schwa with Diaeresis.svg |imagesize = 120px |imagealt = |phonemes = {{IPA|[ɘ]}} |number = |fam1 = }} '''Schwa with diaeresis''' (Ӛ ӛ; italics: ''Ӛ ӛ'') is a letter of the [[Cyrillic script]]. It is currently unique to the [[Eastern Khanty language|Eastern Khanty (Vakh-Vasyugan dialect)]]. Ӛ is romanized with a Latin [[schwa]] and combining marks {{angbr|Ə̈ ə̈}} or {{angbr|À à}} in ISO-9. ==Usage== This letter usually represents the [[close-mid central unrounded vowel]] {{IPA|/ɘ/}}. ==Computing codes== {{charmap |04DA|name1=Cyrillic Capital Letter Schwa with Diaeresis |04DB|name2=Cyrillic Small Letter Schwa with Diaeresis }} ==See also== *Ә ә : [[Schwa (Cyrillic)|Cyrillic Schwa]] *Ə ə : [[Ə|Latin Ə]] *[[Schwa]] {{Cyrillic navbox}} [[Category:Cyrillic letters with diacritics]] [[Category:Letters with diaeresis]]

1,299,264,219

[{"title": "Usage", "data": {"Writing system": "Cyrillic", "Type": "Alphabetic", "Sound values": "[\u0258]"}}]

false

# Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team The Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team represents Greece in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches under the age 19 and it is ruled and managed by the Hellenic Volleyball Federation That is an affiliate of Federation of International Volleyball FIVB and also a part of European Volleyball Confederation CEV. ## Results ### Summer Youth Olympics Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | Youth Olympic Games | | Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | L | SW | SL | Squad | | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | | 2010 | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2014 | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | | 2018 | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | No Volleyball Event | | Total | 0 Titles | 0/1 | | | | | | | ### FIVB U19 World Championship Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | FIVB U19 World Championship | | Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | L | SW | SL | Squad | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | | 1989 → | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2011 ← | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2013 | | 12th place | | | | | | Squad | | 2015 → | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2021 ← | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | Total | 0 Titles | 1/17 | | | | | | | ### Europe Girls' Youth Championship Champions Runners up Third place Fourth place | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | Europe Girls' Youth Championship | | | Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | L | SW | SL | Squad | | | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------- | | 1995 → | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2007 ← | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | 2009 | | 12th place | | | | | | Squad | | | 2011 | | 8th place | | | | | | Squad | | | / 2013 | | 5th place | | | | | | Squad | | | 2015 | | 10th place | | | | | | Squad | | | 2017 | | 12th place | | | | | | Squad | | | 2018 → | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | | 2022 ← | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | Didn't qualify | | | Total | 0 Titles | 5/15 | | | | | | | | ## Team ### Current squad The Following players is the Greek players that Competed in the 2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship | # | name | position | height | weight | birthday | spike | block | | | anthouli martha evdokia | opposite | 198 | 89 | 2004 | 296 | 286 | | | Antypa styliani | outside-spiker | 176 | 62 | 2002 | 272 | 265 | | | Aplada niki | middle-blocker | 183 | 63 | 2002 | 278 | 274 | | | Armoutsi tatiana | middle-blocker | 184 | 73 | 2003 | 274 | 264 | | | Ballogianni konstantina | outside-spiker | 180 | 68 | 2003 | 278 | 269 | | | Boki theodora | middle-blocker | 184 | 62 | 2002 | 284 | 276 | | | Chatzigrigoriou nefeli | setter | 181 | 63 | 2002 | 278 | 269 | | | Garofalaki evangelia | setter | 174 | 67 | 2003 | 273 | 263 | | | Gkiourda styliani | outside-spiker | 177 | 44 | 2002 | 274 | 268 | | | Kampylafka ioanna-anna | libero | 167 | 60 | 2003 | 252 | 248 | | | Kontogiannoglou georgia-modesto | libero | 160 | 52 | 2002 | 252 | 250 | | | Kostopoulou danai | outside-spiker | 177 | 53 | 2002 | 272 | 264 | | | Koudouna danai | opposite | 178 | 63 | 2002 | 272 | 270 | | | Kyparissi stamatia | outside-spiker | 184 | 59 | 2002 | 289 | 283 | | | Merakli maria-nektaria | opposite | 190 | 72 | 2003 | 286 | 278 | | | Pagomenou eleni | outside-spiker | 178 | 64 | 2002 | 272 | 270 | | | Papadopoulou persefoni | outside-spiker | 180 | 70 | 2002 | 278 | 276 | | | Papadopoulou victoria | outside-spiker | 178 | 69 | 2002 | 272 | 262 | | | Petrinoli olga | libero | 164 | 50 | 2002 | 254 | 248 | | | Plakia nikoleta | middle-blocker | 182 | 55 | 2002 | 280 | 270 | | | Sidiropoulou maria | outside-spiker | 178 | 60 | 2002 | 273 | 270 | | | Skempi aristea | middle-blocker | 190 | 76 | 2002 | 285 | 274 | | | Souli nefeli efthymia | setter | 183 | 61 | 2002 | 285 | 282 | | | Trilyraki agni | outside-spiker | 178 | 60 | 2003 | 272 | 270 | | | Tsopanoglou martha | outside-spiker | 175 | 53 | 2002 | 272 | 267 | | | Veneti alexandra | setter | 182 | 65 | 2002 | 283 | 275 |

enwiki/63303878

enwiki

63,303,878

Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece_women%27s_national_under-19_volleyball_team

2025-01-11T02:45:31Z

en

Q111982629

126,663

{{Infobox national volleyball team |name=Greece U19 |gender=women | type = U18 |image=Flag of Greece.svg |federation= [[Hellenic Volleyball Federation]] |website= [http://www.volleyball.gr Official website] |confederation=CEV |manager= |coach= |pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=_whitesides|pattern_ra1=|leftarm1=0D5EAF|body1=0D5EAF|rightarm1=0D5EAF|shorts1=0D5EAF |pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_000030bluesides|pattern_ra2=|leftarm2=FFFFFF|body2=FFFFFF|rightarm2=FFFFFF|shorts2=000030 |pattern_la3=|pattern_b3=_000030bluesides|pattern_ra3=|leftarm3=000066|body3=333399|rightarm3=000066|shorts3=333399 | Olympic apps = | Olympic first= | Olympic best = | World Champs apps = 1 | World Champs first= 2013 | World Champs best = 12th place : ([[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|2013]]) | Regional name = [[Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|Europe U18 / U17 Championship]] | Regional cup apps = 5 | Regional cup first = [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2009]] | Regional cup best = 5th place : ([[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2013]]) }} The '''Greece women's national under-19 volleyball team''' represents Greece in international women's [[volleyball]] competitions and friendly matches under the age 19 and it is ruled and managed by the [[Hellenic Volleyball Federation]] That is an affiliate of [[Fédération Internationale de Volleyball|Federation of International Volleyball]] '''FIVB''' and also a part of [[European Volleyball Confederation]] '''CEV'''. == History == {{Empty section|date=July 2022}} ==Results== ===Summer Youth Olympics=== {{Color box|gold|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box|silver|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box|#cc9966|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box|#9acdff;|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !colspan=9|[[Youth Olympic Games]]<ref>Todor66 volleyball [http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/ Championship Information] competitions</ref> |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|SW|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip|SL|Sets against}} !Squad |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|SIN}} [[Volleyball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' tournament|2010]] | colspan=8 | Didn't qualify |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|CHN}} [[2014 Summer Youth Olympics|2014]] |colspan=8 rowspan=2 align=center| No Volleyball Event |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|ARG}} [[2018 Summer Youth Olympics|2018]] |- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 0/1 !!!!!!!!!!!! |} ===FIVB U19 World Championship=== {{Color box|gold|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box|silver|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box|#cc9966|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box|#9acdff;|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !colspan=9|[[FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship|FIVB U19 World Championship]]<ref>Todor66 volleyball [http://www.todor66.com/volleyball/ Championship Information] competitions</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110518024049/http://sports123.com/vol/index.html sports123.com volleyball] Retrieved 25 July 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.the-sports.org/volleyball-s3.html Thesports.org volleyball] Retrieved 25 July 2022</ref> |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|SW|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip|SL|Sets against}} !Squad |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[1989 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|1989]] → | colspan="8" rowspan=2| Didn't qualify |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|TUR}} [[2011 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|2011]] ← |- | {{flagicon|THA}} [[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|2013]] | | 12th place | | | | | | [[2013 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship squads|Squad]] |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|PER}} [[2015 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|2015]] → | colspan="8" rowspan="2"| Didn't qualify |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|MEX}} [[2021 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship|2021]] ← |- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 1/17 !!!!!!!!!!!! |} ===Europe Girls' Youth Championship=== {{Color box|gold|border=darkgray}} '''Champions'''  {{Color box|silver|border=darkgray}} Runners up  {{Color box|#cc9966|border=darkgray}} Third place  {{Color box|#9acdff;|border=darkgray}} Fourth place {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !colspan=9|[[Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|Europe Girls' Youth Championship]] |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|SW|Sets for}} !{{Tooltip|SL|Sets against}} !Squad |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|ESP}} [[1995 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|1995]] → | colspan="9" rowspan="2" | Didn't qualify |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|CZE}} [[2007 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2007]] ← |- | {{flagicon|NED}} [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2009]] | | 12th place | | | | | | [[2009 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads|Squad]] |- | {{flagicon|TUR}} [[2011 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2011]] | | 8th place | | | | | | [[2011 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads|Squad]] |- | {{flagicon|MNE}}/{{flagicon|SRB}} [[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2013]] | | 5th place | | | | | | [[2013 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads|Squad]] |- | {{flagicon|BUL}} [[2015 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship|2015]] | | 10th place | | | | | | [[2015 Girls' Youth European Volleyball Championship squads|Squad]] |- | {{flagicon|NED}} [[2017 Girls' U18 Volleyball European Championship|2017]] | | 12th place | | | | | | [[2017 Girls' U18 Volleyball European Championship squads|Squad]] |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|BUL}} [[2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship|2018]] → | colspan="8" rowspan=2 | Didn't qualify |- bgcolor="efefef" | {{flagicon|CZE}} [[2022 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship|2022]] ← |- !Total!! 0 Titles !! 5/15 !!!!!!!!!!!! |} {{col-end}} ==Team== ===Current squad=== The Following players is the Greek players that Competed in the [[2018 Girls' U17 Volleyball European Championship]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.cev.eu/Competition-Area/CompetitionTeamDetails.aspx?TeamID=10768&ID=1046|title=CEV Teams Rosters|website=Cev.eu|access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref> {| Class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |- !Style="width:2em"| # |style="width:12em"|'''name''' !Style="width:8em"| '''position''' |style="width:5em"|'''height''' !Style="width:5em"|'''weight''' !Style="width:5em"|'''birthday''' |style="width:5em"|'''spike''' !Style="width:5em"|'''block''' |- | ||anthouli martha evdokia||opposite||198||89||2004||296||286 |- | ||Antypa styliani||outside-spiker||176||62||2002||272||265 |- | ||Aplada niki||middle-blocker||183||63||2002||278||274 |- | ||Armoutsi tatiana||middle-blocker||184||73||2003||274||264 |- | ||Ballogianni konstantina||outside-spiker||180||68||2003||278||269 |- | ||Boki theodora||middle-blocker||184||62||2002||284||276 |- | ||Chatzigrigoriou nefeli||setter||181||63||2002||278||269 |- | ||Garofalaki evangelia||setter||174||67||2003||273||263 |- | ||Gkiourda styliani||outside-spiker||177||44||2002||274||268 |- | ||Kampylafka ioanna-anna||libero||167||60||2003||252||248 |- | ||Kontogiannoglou georgia-modesto||libero||160||52||2002||252||250 |- | ||Kostopoulou danai||outside-spiker||177||53||2002||272||264 |- | ||Koudouna danai||opposite||178||63||2002||272||270 |- | ||Kyparissi stamatia||outside-spiker||184||59||2002||289||283 |- | ||Merakli maria-nektaria||opposite||190||72||2003||286||278 |- | ||Pagomenou eleni||outside-spiker||178||64||2002||272||270 |- | ||Papadopoulou persefoni||outside-spiker||180||70||2002||278||276 |- | ||Papadopoulou victoria||outside-spiker||178||69||2002||272||262 |- | ||Petrinoli olga||libero||164||50||2002||254||248 |- | ||Plakia nikoleta||middle-blocker||182||55||2002||280||270 |- | ||Sidiropoulou maria||outside-spiker||178||60||2002||273||270 |- | ||Skempi aristea||middle-blocker||190||76||2002||285||274 |- | ||Souli nefeli efthymia||setter||183||61||2002||285||282 |- | ||Trilyraki agni||outside-spiker||178||60||2003||272||270 |- | ||Tsopanoglou martha||outside-spiker||175||53||2002||272||267 |- | ||Veneti alexandra||setter||182||65||2002||283||275 |- |} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.volleyball.gr Official website] *[http://www.fivb.org/EN/FIVB/Federation.asp?NF=GRE FIVB profile] {{Women's U18 CEV teams}} {{National sports teams of Greece}} {{Volleyball in Greece}} [[Category:National women's under-18 volleyball teams]] [[Category:Women's national sports teams of Greece|Volleyball]] [[Category:Volleyball in Greece]] [[Category:Women's volleyball in Greece]]

1,268,697,651

[{"title": "Greece U19", "data": {"Association": "Hellenic Volleyball Federation", "Confederation": "CEV"}}, {"title": "Uniforms", "data": {"Home": "Away \u00b7 Third"}}, {"title": "FIVB U19 World Championship", "data": {"Appearances": "1 (First in 2013)", "Best result": "12th place : (2013)"}}, {"title": "Europe U18 / U17 Championship", "data": {"Appearances": "5 (First in 2009)", "Best result": "5th place : (2013)", "Europe U18 / U17 Championship": "Official website"}}]

false

# Merces baronets The Merces Baronetcy, of France, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 2 April 1660 for Anthony de Merces, a French gentleman. However, nothing further is known of him or any possible descendants. ## Merces baronets, of France (1660) - Sir Anthony de Merces, 1st Baronet

enwiki/32734802

enwiki

32,734,802

Merces baronets

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merces_baronets

2025-06-10T10:55:42Z

en

Q6818336

10,946

{{Short description|Extinct baronetcy in the Baronetage of England}} {{Use British English|date=April 2012}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} The '''Merces Baronetcy''', of [[France]], was a [[British nobility|title]] in the [[List of extant baronetcies|Baronetage of England]]. It was created on 2 April 1660 for Anthony de Merces, a French gentleman. However, nothing further is known of him or any possible descendants. ==Merces baronets, of France (1660)== *Sir Anthony de Merces, 1st Baronet ==References== *{{Rayment-bt|date=March 2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Merces}} [[Category:Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of England]] {{England-baronet-stub}}

1,294,883,866

[]

false

# Ventura Rodríguez (Madrid Metro) Ventura Rodríguez [benˈtuɾa roˈðɾiɣeθ] is a station on Line 3 of the Madrid Metro. It is located in fare Zone A. Its name is taken from the Calle de Ventura Rodríguez, which is named for the architect and artist Ventura Rodríguez (1717–1785).

enwiki/41201304

enwiki

41,201,304

Ventura Rodríguez (Madrid Metro)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventura_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(Madrid_Metro)

2024-11-24T21:14:44Z

en

Q2378663

51,521

{{short description|Madrid Metro station}} {{Infobox station | name = Ventura Rodríguez | symbol_location = madrid | symbol = metro | type = [[Madrid Metro]] station | image = Ventura Rodríguez 1778.jpg | alt = | caption = | address = [[Centro (Madrid)|Centro]] / [[Moncloa-Aravaca]], [[Madrid]] | borough = | country = Spain | coordinates = {{coord|40.4270848|-3.7134076|display=inline,title}} | map_type = Spain Madrid | owned = [[Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid|CRTM]] | operator = [[Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid|CRTM]] | line = | distance = | platforms = | tracks = | train_operators = | connections = | structure = Underground | parking = | bicycle = | accessible = Yes | code = | website = | opened = {{Start date and age|1941|07|15|df=y}} | closed =  | passengers = | pass_year = | pass_rank = | services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Madrid Metro|line=3|left=Plaza de España|right=Argüelles}} | zone = A }} '''Ventura Rodríguez''' {{IPA|es|benˈtuɾa roˈðɾiɣeθ|}} is a station on [[Line 3 (Madrid Metro)|Line 3]] of the [[Madrid Metro]]. It is located in fare Zone A.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metromadrid.es/en/linea/linea-3#estacion-309|title=Línea 3|publisher=Metro de Madrid|language=en|access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> Its name is taken from the Calle de Ventura Rodríguez, which is named for the architect and artist [[Ventura Rodríguez]] (1717–1785).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lineasdelmetro.com/estaciones/madrid/ventura-rodriguez/|title=Estación de metro Ventura Rodríguez|date=October 6, 2021|website=Todas las Líneas de Metro y Estaciones de España}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Commons category|Estación de Ventura Rodríguez}} {{Madrid Metro station|line3=yes}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ventura Rodriguez (Madrid Metro)}} [[Category:Line 3 (Madrid Metro) stations]] [[Category:Railway stations in Spain opened in 1941]] {{Spain-railstation-stub}} {{Madrid-metro-stub}}

1,259,378,344

[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Centro / Moncloa-Aravaca, Madrid \u00b7 Spain", "Coordinates": "40\u00b025\u203238\u2033N 3\u00b042\u203248\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff40.4270848\u00b0N 3.7134076\u00b0W", "Owned by": "CRTM", "Operated by": "CRTM"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "Underground", "Accessible": "Yes"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Fare zone": "A"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "15 July 1941"}}, {"title": "Services", "data": {"Preceding station": "Madrid Metro \u00b7 Following station", "Plaza de Espa\u00f1atowards Villaverde Alto": "Line 3 \u00b7 Arg\u00fcellestowards Moncloa"}}]

false

# Río Grande Department Río Grande Department (Spanish: Departamento Río Grande) is a department of Argentina in Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina. The largest city and seat of the department is the city of Río Grande. It was established in the early 20th century as an agricultural colony, followed by the development of its port and, the further discovery of oil, have shaped its economic and demographic landscape. ## History The history of the area dates to an expedition led by Julio Popper discovering the Río Grande in October 1886. The establishment of the first Salesian Mission in 1893 is considered the earliest record of white settlement in the region. Río Grande was officially founded on 11 July 1921, and was recognized by a central government decree as the "Agricultural Colony of Río Grande." Initially, land was divided into large estates among a few families until an agrarian reform in 1925. The city experienced rapid growth as a port and a center for large sheep farming estancias. The discovery of oil in 1959, spurred significant migratory movements, further complemented by migrations in the 1970s and 1980s due to the promulgation of the Law of Economic Promotion, offering tax exemptions and subsidies to industries and settlers. ## Geography The Río Grande Department is located in the Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands, in the southern part of Argentina. The department's seat and most populous city, Río Grande, is situated on the northeast coast of the Great Island of Tierra del Fuego, bordering the Argentine Sea, an extension of the South Atlantic Ocean. A notable geographical feature is the cape of Cabo San Sebastián in the Argentine Sea in the northeast sector of the Big Island of Tierra del Fuego. This area features coasts with high cliffs interspersed with lower sandy and silty sections, known for its significant tidal ranges. The topography of the Río Grande Department primarily features plains in the eastern part, typical of the broader Patagonian region. The department's landscape is influenced by its proximity to the Andes mountain range to the west. The region experiences a cold and windy climate. ## Demographics The Río Grande Department is home to the city of Río Grande, which is the most densely populated urban center in the Province of Tierra del Fuego. In 2020, the total population of the city of Río Grande was 64,535 inhabitants, with approximately 51.5% women and 48.5% men. The age ranges with the largest population concentration were 10 to 14 years, 5 to 9 years, and 15 to 19 years, collectively representing 27.1% of the total population. Migrants entering Río Grande in the last five years primarily came from the United States, Argentina (other provinces), and Canada, mostly for family or labor reasons.

enwiki/53797888

enwiki

53,797,888

Río Grande Department

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Grande_Department

2025-06-29T14:32:02Z

en

Q1913183

51,660

{{Infobox settlement | name = Río Grande Department | native_name = | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = [[Departments of Argentina|Department]] | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Bandera-rio-grande.svg | flag_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Río_Grande_(Provincia_de_Tierra_del_Fuego_-_Argentina).svg | map_alt = | mapsize = 180px | map_caption = Location of Río Grande Department within Tierra del Fuego Province | pushpin_map =  | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Río Grande Department within Tierra del Fuego Province | coordinates = {{coord|53|47|11|S|67|41|48|W|region:AR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{flag|Argentina}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Argentina|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina|Tierra del Fuego Province]] | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = Head town | seat = [[Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego|Río Grande]] | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = <ref name="INDEC">{{cite web |url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/censo2001s2_2/Datos/94000C22.xls |title=Provincia según departamento. Población, superficie y densidad. Años 1991 y 2001 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717002133/http://www.indec.gov.ar/censo2001s2_2/Datos/94000C22.xls |archivedate=17 July 2010 |accessdate=16 May 2017}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 12181 | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 70042 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Time in Argentina|ART]] | utc_offset1 = -3 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website =  | footnotes = | official_name = | image_shield = File:Escudo oficial rio grande.jpg }} '''Río Grande Department''' ({{langx|es|Departamento Río Grande}}) is a [[Departments of Argentina|department of Argentina]] in [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina|Tierra del Fuego Province]], Argentina. The largest city and seat of the department is the city of [[Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego|Río Grande]]. It was established in the early 20th century as an agricultural colony, followed by the development of its port and, the further discovery of oil, have shaped its economic and demographic landscape. == History == The history of the area dates to an expedition led by [[Julio Popper]] discovering the Río Grande in October 1886. The establishment of the first Salesian Mission in 1893 is considered the earliest record of white settlement in the region. Río Grande was officially founded on 11 July 1921, and was recognized by a central government decree as the "Agricultural Colony of Río Grande." Initially, land was divided into large estates among a few families until an agrarian reform in 1925.<ref name="Hist">{{cite web|url=https://www.interpatagonia.com/riogrande/historia_i.html|title=Río Grande: Historia|work=InterPatagonia|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The city experienced rapid growth as a port and a center for large sheep farming estancias. The discovery of oil in 1959, spurred significant migratory movements, further complemented by migrations in the 1970s and 1980s due to the promulgation of the Law of Economic Promotion, offering tax exemptions and subsidies to industries and settlers.<ref name="Hist"/> == Geography == The Río Grande Department is located in the [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina|Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands]], in the southern part of Argentina. The department's seat and most populous city, Río Grande, is situated on the northeast coast of the Great Island of Tierra del Fuego, bordering the [[Argentine Sea]], an extension of the South Atlantic Ocean.<ref name="Info">{{cite web|url=https://www.tecni Austral.com/en/rio-grande-1/|title=Río Grande - Tecni Austral|work=Tecni Austral|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> A notable geographical feature is the cape of Cabo San Sebastián in the Argentine Sea in the northeast sector of the Big Island of Tierra del Fuego. This area features coasts with high cliffs interspersed with lower sandy and silty sections, known for its significant tidal ranges.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mindat.org/loc-239874.html|title=Cabo San Sebastián|work=Mindat.org|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The topography of the Río Grande Department primarily features plains in the eastern part, typical of the broader Patagonian region. The department's landscape is influenced by its proximity to the [[Andes]] mountain range to the west.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chilenativo.travel/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/mapa-provincia-tierra-del-fuego-ingles-WEB-1.pdf|title=Tierra Del Fuego|work=Chile Nativo Travel|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> The region experiences a cold and windy climate. <ref name="Info"/> == Demographics == The Río Grande Department is home to the city of Río Grande, which is the most densely populated urban center in the Province of Tierra del Fuego. In 2020, the total population of the city of Río Grande was 64,535 inhabitants, with approximately 51.5% women and 48.5% men. The age ranges with the largest population concentration were 10 to 14 years, 5 to 9 years, and 15 to 19 years, collectively representing 27.1% of the total population. Migrants entering Río Grande in the last five years primarily came from the United States, Argentina (other provinces), and Canada, mostly for family or labor reasons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.economia.gob.mx/datamexico/en/profile/geo/rio-grande|title=Río Grande|work=Data México|access-date=29 June 2025}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{Departments Tierra del Fuego}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rio Grande Department}} [[Category:Departments of Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina]]

1,297,944,725

[{"title": "R\u00edo Grande Department", "data": {"Country": "Argentina", "Province": "Tierra del Fuego Province", "Head town": "R\u00edo Grande"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "12,181 km2 (4,703 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (2010)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "70,042", "\u2022 Density": "5.8/km2 (15/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC-3 (ART)"}}]

false

# Daniela Mercury Daniela Mercury (born Daniela Mercuri de Almeida on July 28, 1965) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, and producer. In her solo career, Mercury has sold over 11 million records worldwide, and had 24 Top 10 singles in the country, with 14 of them reached No. 1. Winner of a Latin Grammy for her album Balé Mulato – Ao Vivo, she also received six Brazilian Music Award, an APCA award, three Multishow Brazilian Music Awards and two awards at VMB: Best Music Video and Photography. In 1991, Mercury released her self-titled album, which was followed by O Canto da Cidade a year later, boosting her career as a national artist and taking the axé music to the evidence. Over the years, Mercury released several albums, generating great singles like "Swing da Cor", "O Canto da Cidade", "À Primeira Vista", "Rapunzel", "Nobre Vagabundo", "Ilê Pérola Negra", "Mutante", "Maimbê Dandá", "Levada Brasileira", "Oyá Por Nós", among others. She recorded a commemorative DVD of Cirque du Soleil's 25th anniversary, and was part of the Montreal Jazz Festival. In addition, Mercury was invited to participate in the Alejandro Sanz's DVD, and sing with Paul McCartney in Oslo, Norway, during the delivery of the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2009 she released her album called Canibália, along with the album, Daniela launched an international tour. The album spawned three singles: "Preta" with Seu Jorge, "Oyá Por Nós" with Margareth Menezes and "Sol do Sul". That same year, writer and intellectual Camille Paglia, who had an intellectual "passion" for Madonna, said Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna would like to be. In 2011 the American TV channel CBS, elected Daniela Mercury as the "Carmen Miranda of the new times". The Canibália album was released in the United States yielded a critique of The New York Times saying: "Daniela Mercury goes beyond the concepts that were stressed during her career (...) with a contemporary pop, embracing ethnic and cultural diversity of Brazil (particularly african-Brazilian culture, while Daniela Mercury is white), remembering the past and transforming it." ## Early life Daniela Mercuri de Almeida was born on July 28, 1965, in the Portuguese Hospital in Salvador, Bahia. Her mother is Liliana Mercuri, a social worker of Italian ancestry, and her father is António Fernando de Abreu Ferreira de Almeida, a Portuguese emigrant industrial mechanic. Mercury grew up in a middle class household in the Brotas neighborhood of Salvador with her four siblings: Tom, Cristiana, Vânia (who would also become a singer, billed as Vânia Abreu), and Marcos. A troublemaker as a child, Mercury was nicknamed "drip-fire". She attended both the Ana Néri School and the Colégio Baiano. At eight years old, Mercury began taking dance lessons, particularly classical ballet, jazz, and African dances. At age 13, influenced by the work of Elis Regina, she decided to become a singer. Her repertoire consisted of bossa nova as well as the music of Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, and Chico Buarque. To her parents' unease she started singing in local bars in 1980. She made her trio elétrico debut soon afterward, during the 1981 carnival. Mercury's zeal for dance eventually led her to the Federal University of Bahia, where she enrolled in the Dance School in 1984. A year later she married electronic engineer Zalther Póvoas and gave birth to Gabriel Almeida Póvoas. The next year she gave birth to daughter Giovana Almeida Póvoas. ## Career ### Early career (1984–1990) From 1986 to 1988, Mercury was the lead singer for the band Cheiro de Amor. Mercury continued to pursue a career in music and, by 1988, was a backup singer for Gilberto Gil. In 1989, recorded her first two albums as the lead singer of pop band Companhia Clic. Their songs "Pega que Oh!" and "Ilha das Bananas" became minor hits in Bahia radio stations. As the 1990s began, Mercury decided to pursue a solo career. ### Rise to fame (1991–1993) Mercury's self-titled debut album was released in 1991 through independent record company Eldorado. The lead single of the album, "Swing da Cor", which features Olodum, became a number-one hit in Brazil, and the album was soon known as Swing da Cor. Another song from the album, "Menino do Pelô", which also features Olodum, became Mercury's second top-ten hit in Brazil, charting at number four. On the following year, Mercury shut off from the record company and, ever since, produces her own albums to negotiate the distribution of them later with the labels that are interested. In 1992, she presented the project "Som do Meio-Dia" (Midday Sound) at the Art Museum of São Paulo (MASP). The show brought together over thirty thousand spectators, which eventually leave the traffic jam in the vicinity of the Paulista Avenue. After forty-minutes concert, Daniela was removed from the stage by representatives of the São Paulo tourist office, that concerned with the museum structure, obtained an order from the military police to remove it from the local. Soon after the show, Daniela was hired by Sony Music label and through this, released her second solo album, O Canto da Cidade. The album was considered by journalist André Domingues one of the best MPB albums ever. O Canto da Cidade is Mercury's album with most number-one songs (four in total; "O Canto da Cidade", "O Mais Belo dos Belos", "Batuque" and "Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano"). O Canto da Cidade is recognized as the album responsible for taking Axé Music to mainstream audiences in Brazil. The album also yielded Mercury, a year-end special on Rede Globo channel, which were mixed with live performances in the square of Apotheosis in Rio de Janeiro, and video clips with Caetano Veloso, Herbert Vianna and Tom Jobim. Years later, the special, previously unreleased in video was released on DVD to celebrate the 15th anniversary of the release of the album. In July 1993, Mercury was one of Brazil's attractions at the prestigious Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland. Some consider O Canto da Cidade was the forerunner of the samba-reggae movement, then called Axé Music, gaining strength in all regions of the country and allowing other genre artists, were featured in the Brazilian music scene. It is believed that after this album, the Carnival of Bahia gained a massive media coverage. Mercury experienced during this period, a peak of popularity rarely seen in the history of Brazilian music industry, being dubbed "the hurricane of Bahia" and "Queen of the Axé". ### Artistic development (1994–2000) In 1994, Música de Rua was released through Sony. The album was received with lukewarm reviews, with some critics complaining about the similarities between this album and its predecessor. Nevertheless, the album was very well received by the public, producing the hits "Música de Rua", "O Reggae e o Mar" (both number-one hits), "Por Amor ao Ilê" (a top-ten hit) and "A Rosa" (top-twenty). This was Mercury's first album to produce singles which have failed to chart. In 1996, Feijão com Arroz was released through Sony. This album was much better received by the critics than its predecessor. It is Mercury's most well rated album at Allmusic, with four and a half stars. As of today, Feijão com Arroz is Mercury's second best selling album, behind only O Canto da Cidade. It produced the hits "À Primeira Vista", "Nobre Vagabundo", "Rapunzel" (all number-one hits), "Minas com Bahia" (which features Samuel Rosa from Skank and was a top-twenty hit) and "Feijão de Corda" (a top-ten hit). In 1998, Mercury's first live album, Elétrica was released through Sony. It produced the top-ten hit "Trio Metal", which charted at number eight. ### Experimentation with electronica (2000–2004) In 2000, Mercury released her fifth studio album, Sol da Liberdade, through BMG. It produced two number-one singles ("Ilê Pérola Negra" and a cover of Antonio Marcus' "Como Vai Você"). The album, which was produced by Suba, was innovative in Mercury's career for its fusion with electronic music sounds. The following year, Mercury released Sou de Qualquer Lugar through BMG. The album sold half of its predecessor, but was able to produce the number-one single "Mutante", a cover of Rita Lee. In this album, Mercury also experimented with electronic sounds. In April 2003, Mercuy's second live album, MTV ao Vivo – Eletrodoméstico, was released through BMG. It was recorded on January 23 and 24 of that same year at the Castro Alves Theater in Salvador for MTV Brasil. It was also released in the DVD format, Mercury's first. Among the artists who performed with the singer were Dulce Pontes, Rosario Flores, Jovanotti, Carlinhos Brown and Olodum. The sales were very inferior to Mercury's previous and it only produced one top twenty hit ("Meu Plano"). In 2004, Carnaval Eletrônico was released through BMG. For the recording of this album, Mercury invited DJs and producers of electronic music in Brazil, as well as Gilberto Gil, Carlinhos Brown, and Lenine. It is a commemorative disc celebrating the five years of her having formed TrioTechno, the first trio elétrico of electronic music in Bahian Carnaval. The disc received a Latin Grammy nomination for best pop album of the year and Mercury was nominated for a TIM Award for best female pop/rock vocalist. Internet users voted Carnaval Eletrônico the best pop album of the year online in one of Brazil's most important weekly magazines Revista Isto É. ### Back to basics (2005–2007) In 2005, Clássica was released through Som Livre on both CD and DVD. Recorded from a concert Mercury gave the year before at São Paulo's Casa de Espetáculo, the album is a sampler of bossa nova, jazz, and some of her biggest MPB hits. The record signaled a new phase for Mercury, who chose independence from record companies to gain full control of her work. Mercury was in London, during the July 7 bombings. That same year, Mercury's eighth studio album, Balé Mulato, was released, but through EMI. The album was very well received by the critics, with some even saying it was Mercury's best album since Feijão com Arroz (1996). It was not, however, very well received by the public, with none of the singles being able to chart on the top-ten; a large part due to lack of record company support. The next year, the Latin Grammy Award-winning live version of Balé Mulato, was released. Daniela Mercury has completed her newest release, Canibália. Canibalia was launched in October 2009. ### Reinventing popular culture with Canibália and working with Cabeça de Nós Todos (2007–2013) On November 19, 2007, the singer released "Preta", which features Seu Jorge. The song, which is strongly influenced by samba, was one of the most played in the country during the carnival. For the 2009's Carnival, Mercury recorded the song "Oyá Por Nós", who wrote with Alfredo Moura and Margareth Menezes. The theme, based on the song "Ketu de Iansã" was first used by Moura in the doctoral ceremony honoris-cause of Gilberto Gil at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. After that, Moura used the theme in a play in Vienna, Austria, at the University of Musicology. A year later, he showed the theme for Daniela, who did not know and she immediately wanted to record it to launch in the Carnival. In 2009, Rolling Stone Brasil magazine named Daniela as one of the 100 greatest artists of Brazilian music of all time. The names chosen by the expert jury, only 16 were women. Finally in November 2009, Daniela released the album entitled Canibália. The album marks her return to the studio after five years. The recording sessions for the album takes almost three years to be done, Canibália hit stores with five different covers – a Gringo Cardia project. And five different track lists for the album, according to the singer, is an extensive project that combines music, dance, video and plastic arts – various expressions of art covered by it. Daniela Mercury has said that "Canibália is an embrace, a swallow of Tropicália, the Clube da Esquina and everything that has since been created in the arts in Brazil since the – ‘Semana de 22’ [‘Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 ’-The Week of Modern Art] – I yearn for the liberty that comes from this anthropophagic movement, of the Cannibalist Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade and its practice by Mario [de Andrade), who spoke that these mixtures reinforce our [Brazilian] identity". José Oswald de Andrade Souza (1890 – October 1954) was a Brazilian poet and a controversial thinker. Born in São Paulo, Andrade was one of the founders of the Brazilian Modernist movement and a member of the Group of Five, including Mário de Andrade, Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral Oswald de Andrade]. Andrade is recognized by his nationalist, Manifesto Antropófago (Cannibalist Manifesto), published in 1928. The manifesto argues that based on the premise that the history of Brazil has, as its greatest strength, the power to cannibalize others and simultaneously plays with the idea of cannibalism as a modern primitivism; like a presumed tribal rite. Cannibalism then, becomes a way for Brazil to reaffirm itself against the cultural domination of Post Colonial Europe. The iconic phrase of the manifesto "Tupi or not Tupi" is as much a celebration of the Tupinamba, a documented tribe of cannibals, as it is an act of genius cannibalizing Shakespeare's, "To be or not to be". In 2009, her tour named by the album title started in São Paulo, and traveled to several Brazilian cities and abroad. The work pays tribute to Carmen Miranda, at her centenary, with songs like "Tico-Tico no Fubá" and "O Que É Que A Baiana Tem?". For 2010's Carnival, Daniela Mercury recorded "Andarilho Encantado", song released officially in the special project of the singer called Pôr do Som (Sunset Sound), the show that brings Mercury as headliner each year on the first day of the year at the Farol da Barra, in Salvador, Bahia. The song was written by Mercury and Marcelo Quintanilha. Also in 2010, the year that the Electric Trio celebrates 60 years and Axé Music 25 years, the singer reaches 20 years of solo career – with significant-selling records. To commemorate the date, the media raised the possibility it make a documentary film about this invention of Bahian carnival, the axé music, praising percussionists. In February 2013, the singer was invited to be interviewed in the Leading Women program of CNN International, and was announced by the issuer as the "Brazilian Madonna". The attraction highlights the most influential women in the world in their fields. Already in 2012, the Bahian singer had attracted the attention of American writer and feminist Camille Paglia, who declared to the British newspaper The Independent, that had a "crush" by the Bahian star. Since she had been in the country, for a conference in Bahia, Paglia has written enthusiastic articles about Mercury, saying that Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna wanted to be. Paglia said, a Canadian television station, which is "in love with a Brazilian superstar. I'm watching her work. She is Daniela Mercury. In fact, this has been very important. This is the point where I am in my life" . In an interview with the Brazilian magazine Veja, intellectual revealed her plans to write two books about the Bahian singer. At the end of 2013, released the album Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos, a partnership with the Brazilian group Cabeça de Nós Todos, with songs like "Couché", "Alma Feminina", "Paula e Bebeto", "Aquele Abraço" and "Cheia de Graça" are some of the tracks are presented in this work. It is an urban and pop-rock album, which does not show Daniela's rhythmic signature; it was launched with a book called "Daniela and Malu, A Love Story", a partnership with her wife Malu Verçosa. The book tells the story of their relationship, from the moment of friendship to marriage. ### The Voice Kids and Vinil Virtual (2014–present) In 2014, she was mentor on The Voice Kids (the version for children of the traditional show The Voice) of Portugal, because of her popularity in Portuguese lands. In the same year she released the single "A Rainha do Axé (Rainha Má)", an electronic ijexá that speaks about the strength of women, love and faith which was sung by revelers during the 2015's Carnival of Salvador. The single is the first single to the fifteenth studio album by the singer titled Vinil Virtual, released November 27, 2015 by the label Biscoito Fino. ## Personal life In 1984, at 19, Mercury married electronic engineer Zalther Portela Laborda Póvoas, her high school boyfriend. The next year, on September 3, 1985, she gave birth to their first child, Gabriel (who is also a singer and songwriter). The following year, she gave birth to a girl named Giovana (who is now a dancer in Mercury's ensemble). In 1996, Mercury and Póvoas divorced. That same year, she was pointed as the reason for the split between Chico Buarque and Marieta Severo. In an interview to ISTOÉ magazine, Mercury said that "it was a levity what they did, an irresponsibility that caused an uproar in my life and in the lives of both of them". In April 2013 Daniela Mercury used social media to make public her relationship with the journalist Malu Verçosa, saying that "Malu is now my wife, my family, my inspiration to sing." Daniela Mercury and Malu Verçosa married on October 12, 2013, in a civil ceremony in Salvador da Bahia, both dressed in all white. Her father, initially critical about their relationship, was present. ## Controversies At late 2005, Mercury, a devout Catholic, was uninvited from a Christmas concert in the Vatican City due to her endorsement of a Ministry of Health campaign encouraging young people to use condoms. Church officials feared she would use the occasion to promote the use of condoms. In 2006, Mercury openly opposed Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's reelection. This drew criticism from other artists, such as Zeca Baleiro, who accused her of being favored by the late Antônio Carlos Magalhães, a controversial oligarch from Bahia (which she denied vehemently). Later that same year, in an interview with Folha de S.Paulo, Mercury declared she was against reelections in general. She also said that she voted for Lula four times and that she was disappointed "by his first term (...), shocked with all these scandals". However, she said that she hoped that "Brazil would now have the four years of Lula that we hoped for in his first term." ## Philanthropy Mercury has performed at a large number of charitable events. She is the second Brazilian honored as an ambassador for UNICEF (Renato Aragão was the first). She is also an ambassador for UNAIDS and UNESCO. She has performed at Rede Globo's annual charity Criança Esperança for fifteen consecutive years (1992–2007). She also represents various non-profit organizations including Caravana da Musica which has spawned her own Instituto Sol da Liberdade. ## Discography Studio albums - Daniela Mercury (a.k.a. "Swing da Cor") (1991) - O Canto da Cidade (1992) - Música de Rua (1994) - Feijão com Arroz (1996) - Sol da Liberdade (2000) - Sou de Qualquer Lugar (2001) - Carnaval Eletrônico (2004) - Balé Mulato (2005) - Canibália (2009) - Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos (2013) - Vinil Virtual (2015) - Perfume (2020) - Baiana (2022) ## Tours - Swing da Cor Tour (1991–1992) - O Canto da Cidade Tour (1992–1994) - Música de Rua Tour (1995–1996) - Feijão com Arroz Tour (1996–1997) - Elétrica Tour (1998–1999) - Sol da Liberdade Tour (2000–2001) - Sou de Qualquer Lugar Tour (2002) - Eletrodoméstico Tour (2003) - Carnaval Eletrônico Tour (2004) - Balé Mulato Tour (2006–2009) - Canibália Tour (2009–2012) - Couché Tour (2013) - Pelada Tour (2014) - Baile da Rainha Má Tour (2015–2017) - O Axé, a Voz e o Violão Tour (2016–2017) ### Sources - (Portuguese) Biography at the dictionary of MPB - (Portuguese) Biography at gossip site O Fuxico

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniela_Mercury

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{{Short description|Brazilian singer-songwriter (born 1965)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2020}}  {{Portuguese name|Mercuri|de Almeida}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Daniela Mercury | image = Conferencia de prensa por festival Acá Estamos 20 (Daniela Mercury).jpg | caption = Mercury in 2023 | image_size = | birth_name = Daniela Mercuri de Almeida | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1965|7|28}} | birth_place = [[Salvador, Bahia]], Brazil | instrument = Vocals | genre = {{hlist|[[Latin pop]]|[[Axé (music)|axé]]|[[samba reggae]]|[[Música popular brasileira|MPB]]}} | occupation = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter|record producer|dancer}} | years_active = 1989–present | label = {{flat list| *Estúdio Eldorado *[[Epic Records|Epic]] *BMG/MTV *[[Sony Music]] *[[EMI]] }} | associated_acts = Companhia Clic | website = {{Official website|www.danielamercury.art.br}} }} '''Daniela Mercury''' (born '''Daniela Mercuri de Almeida''' on July 28, 1965) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, and producer. In her solo career, Mercury has sold over 11 million records worldwide,<ref>{{cite web |title=Daniela Mercury promete show 'sem economia' para público do Recife |url=https://g1.globo.com/pernambuco/noticia/2013/05/daniela-mercury-promete-show-sem-economia-para-publico-do-recife.html |website=Pernambuco |access-date=2 March 2023 |language=pt-br |date=8 May 2013}}</ref> and had 24 Top 10 singles in the country, with 14 of them reached No. 1. Winner of a Latin Grammy for her album ''[[Balé Mulato – Ao Vivo]]'', she also received six Brazilian Music Award, an [[Associação Paulista de Críticos de Arte|APCA]] award, three Multishow Brazilian Music Awards and two awards at [[VMB]]: Best Music Video and Photography. In 1991, Mercury released her [[self-titled]] album, which was followed by ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]'' a year later, boosting her career as a national artist and taking the [[axé music]] to the evidence. Over the years, Mercury released several albums, generating great singles like "[[Swing da Cor]]", "[[O Canto da Cidade (song)|O Canto da Cidade]]", "[[À Primeira Vista (song)|À Primeira Vista]]", "[[Rapunzel (Daniela Mercury song)|Rapunzel]]", "[[Nobre Vagabundo]]", "[[Ilê Pérola Negra (song)|Ilê Pérola Negra]]", "[[Mutante (song)|Mutante]]", "[[Maimbê Dandá]]", "[[Levada Brasileira]]", "[[Oyá Por Nós]]", among others. She recorded a commemorative DVD of [[Cirque du Soleil]]'s 25th anniversary, and was part of the [[Montreal Jazz Festival]]. In addition, Mercury was invited to participate in the [[Alejandro Sanz]]'s DVD, and sing with [[Paul McCartney]] in Oslo, [[Norway]], during the delivery of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]. In 2009 she released her album called ''[[Canibália]]'', along with the album, Daniela launched an international tour. The album spawned three singles: "[[Preta]]" with [[Seu Jorge]], "[[Oyá Por Nós]]" with [[Margareth Menezes]] and "[[Sol do Sul]]". That same year, writer and intellectual [[Camille Paglia]], who had an intellectual "passion" for [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], said Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna would like to be. In 2011 the American TV channel [[CBS]], elected Daniela Mercury as the "[[Carmen Miranda]] of the new times". The ''Canibália'' album was released in the United States yielded a critique of [[The New York Times]] saying: "Daniela Mercury goes beyond the concepts that were stressed during her career (...) with a contemporary pop, embracing ethnic and cultural diversity of Brazil (particularly african-Brazilian culture, while Daniela Mercury is white), remembering the past and transforming it." ==Early life== Daniela Mercuri de Almeida was born on July 28, 1965,<ref name="IMDb">[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0580536/bio Daniela Mercury biography]. [[IMDb]].</ref> in the Portuguese Hospital in [[Salvador, Bahia]].<ref name="canto">{{cite video | people= Mercury, Daniela|year=2008|title=Daniela Mercury: O Canto da Cidade – 15 Anos ''opening sequence''| medium=DVD|publisher=[[Sony BMG]]}}</ref> Her mother is Liliana Mercuri, a social worker<ref name="bio">[http://www.danielamercury.art.br/dm/historia.php Biography at official website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008174346/http://www.danielamercury.art.br/dm/historia.php |date=October 8, 2010 }}.</ref> of Italian ancestry,<ref name="AMG">Birchmeier, Jason. [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=daniela-mercury-p40343/biography|pure_url=yes}} Daniela Mercury biography]. [[All Music Guide]].</ref> and her father is António Fernando de Abreu Ferreira de Almeida, a [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] emigrant<ref name="AMG" /> industrial mechanic.<ref name="bio"/> Mercury grew up in a middle class household in the [[Brotas (neighbourhood)|Brotas]] neighborhood of Salvador with her four siblings: Tom, Cristiana, Vânia (who would also become a singer, billed as [[Vania Abreu|Vânia Abreu]]), and Marcos.<ref name="IMDb"/><ref name="AMG" /> A troublemaker as a child, Mercury was nicknamed "drip-fire".<ref name="fac">{{Cite web|url=https://facom.ufba.br/portal2017/404.php|title=pagina nao encontrada|website=facom.ufba.br}}</ref> She attended both the Ana Néri School and the Colégio Baiano.<ref name="fac" /> At eight years old, Mercury began taking dance lessons,<ref name="AMG" /> particularly [[classical ballet]], [[jazz]], and African dances.<ref>[http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/biografia Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126151606/https://dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/biografia |date=November 26, 2020 }}. Cravo Albin Dictionary of Brazilian Popular Music.</ref> At age 13, influenced by the work of [[Elis Regina]], she decided to become a singer.<ref name="AMG" /> Her repertoire consisted of [[bossa nova]] as well as the music of [[Caetano Veloso]], [[Gilberto Gil]], and [[Chico Buarque]].<ref name="AMG" /> To her parents' unease she started singing in local bars in 1980.<ref name="AMG" /> She made her [[trio elétrico]] debut soon afterward, during the 1981 carnival.<ref name="AMG" /> Mercury's zeal for dance eventually led her to the [[Universidade Federal da Bahia|Federal University of Bahia]], where she enrolled in the Dance School in 1984.<ref name="AMG" /> A year later she married [[electronic engineering|electronic engineer]] Zalther Póvoas<ref>Botelho, Thaís and Blanes, Simone. [http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/edicoes/505/artigo134716-2.htm "O casamento secreto de Daniela Mercury"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119061915/http://www.terra.com.br/istoegente/edicoes/505/artigo134716-2.htm |date=January 19, 2020 }}. ''Istoé Gente''.</ref> and gave birth to Gabriel Almeida Póvoas.<ref name="AMG" /> The next year she gave birth to daughter Giovana Almeida Póvoas.<ref name="AMG" /> ==Career== ===Early career (1984–1990)=== From 1986 to 1988, Mercury was the lead singer for the band Cheiro de Amor.<ref name="dic">[http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/daniela-mercury/dados-artisticos Daniela Mercury on MPB Dictionary]</ref> Mercury continued to pursue a career in music and, by 1988, was a [[backup singer]] for [[Gilberto Gil]].<ref name="AMG"/> In 1989, recorded her first two albums as the lead singer of pop band Companhia Clic.<ref name="dic" /> Their songs "Pega que Oh!" and "Ilha das Bananas" became minor hits in Bahia radio stations. As the 1990s began, Mercury decided to pursue a solo career.<ref name="dic" /> ===Rise to fame (1991–1993)=== Mercury's self-titled debut album was released in 1991 through independent record company Eldorado. The lead single of the album, "[[Swing da Cor]]", which features [[Olodum]], became a number-one hit in Brazil,<ref name="dic" /> and the album was soon known as ''[[Daniela Mercury (album)|Swing da Cor]]''. Another song from the album, "Menino do Pelô", which also features Olodum, became Mercury's second top-ten hit in Brazil, charting at number four. On the following year, Mercury shut off from the record company and, ever since, produces her own albums to negotiate the distribution of them later with the labels that are interested. In 1992, she presented the project "Som do Meio-Dia" (Midday Sound) at the Art Museum of São Paulo ([[São Paulo Museum of Art|MASP]]). The show brought together over thirty thousand spectators, which eventually leave the traffic jam in the vicinity of the Paulista Avenue. After forty-minutes concert, Daniela was removed from the stage by representatives of the São Paulo tourist office, that concerned with the museum structure, obtained an order from the military police to remove it from the local. Soon after the show, Daniela was hired by [[Sony Music]] label and through this, released her second solo album, ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]''. The album was considered by journalist [[André Domingues]]  one of the best [[Música popular brasileira|MPB]] albums ever. ''O Canto da Cidade'' is Mercury's album with most number-one songs (four in total; "[[O Canto da Cidade (song)|O Canto da Cidade]]", "[[O Mais Belo dos Belos (song)|O Mais Belo dos Belos]]", "[[Batuque (song)|Batuque]]" and "[[Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano (song)|Você Não Entende Nada/Cotidiano]]"). ''O Canto da Cidade'' is recognized as the album responsible for taking [[Axé Music]] to mainstream audiences in Brazil. The album also yielded Mercury, a year-end special on [[Rede Globo]] channel, which were mixed with live performances in the square of Apotheosis in [[Rio de Janeiro]], and video clips with [[Caetano Veloso]], [[Herbert Vianna]] and [[Tom Jobim]]. Years later, the special, previously unreleased in video was released on DVD to celebrate the 15th anniversary of the release of the album. In July 1993, Mercury was one of Brazil's attractions at the prestigious [[Montreux Jazz Festival]] in Switzerland. Some consider ''O Canto da Cidade'' was the forerunner of the [[samba-reggae]] movement, then called [[Axé Music]], gaining strength in all regions of the country and allowing other genre artists, were featured in the Brazilian music scene. It is believed that after this album, the Carnival of Bahia gained a massive media coverage. Mercury experienced during this period, a peak of popularity rarely seen in the history of Brazilian music industry, being dubbed "the hurricane of Bahia" and "Queen of the Axé". ===Artistic development (1994–2000)=== In 1994, ''[[Música de Rua]]'' was released through Sony. The album was received with lukewarm reviews, with some critics complaining about the similarities between this album and its predecessor. Nevertheless, the album was very well received by the public, producing the hits "[[Música de Rua (song)|Música de Rua]]", "O Reggae e o Mar" (both number-one hits), "Por Amor ao Ilê" (a top-ten hit) and "A Rosa" (top-twenty). This was Mercury's first album to produce singles which have failed to chart. In 1996, ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' was released through [[Sony]]. This album was much better received by the critics than its predecessor. It is Mercury's most well rated album at [[Allmusic]], with four and a half stars. As of today, ''Feijão com Arroz'' is Mercury's second best selling album, behind only ''O Canto da Cidade''. It produced the hits "[[À Primeira Vista (song)|À Primeira Vista]]", "[[Nobre Vagabundo]]", "[[Rapunzel (Daniela Mercury song)|Rapunzel]]" (all number-one hits), "[[Minas com Bahia (song)|Minas com Bahia]]" (which features [[Samuel Rosa (musician)|Samuel Rosa]] from [[Skank (band)|Skank]] and was a top-twenty hit) and "Feijão de Corda" (a top-ten hit). In 1998, Mercury's first live album, ''[[Elétrica]]'' was released through Sony. It produced the top-ten hit "Trio Metal", which charted at number eight. ===Experimentation with electronica (2000–2004)=== [[File:Daniela Mercury.jpg|thumb|upright|Mercury performing in the concert ''Solidariedade Brasil-Noruega'' on October 7, 2003, in Teatro Nacional, [[Brasília]]]] In 2000, Mercury released her fifth studio album, ''Sol da Liberdade'', through [[Bertelsmann Music Group|BMG]]. It produced two number-one singles ("[[Ilê Pérola Negra (song)|Ilê Pérola Negra]]" and a cover of Antonio Marcus' "Como Vai Você"). The album, which was produced by Suba, was innovative in Mercury's career for its fusion with [[electronic music]] sounds. The following year, Mercury released ''Sou de Qualquer Lugar'' through [[Bertelsmann Music Group|BMG]]. The album sold half of its predecessor, but was able to produce the number-one single "[[Mutante (song)|Mutante]]", a cover of [[Rita Lee]]. In this album, Mercury also experimented with electronic sounds. In April 2003, Mercuy's second live album, ''MTV ao Vivo – Eletrodoméstico'', was released through [[Bertelsmann Music Group|BMG]]. It was recorded on January 23 and 24 of that same year at the Castro Alves Theater in Salvador for [[MTV Brasil]]. It was also released in the DVD format, Mercury's first. Among the artists who performed with the singer were [[Dulce Pontes]], [[Rosario Flores]], [[Jovanotti]], [[Carlinhos Brown]] and [[Olodum]]. The sales were very inferior to Mercury's previous and it only produced one top twenty hit ("Meu Plano"). In 2004, ''Carnaval Eletrônico'' was released through [[Bertelsmann Music Group|BMG]]. For the recording of this album, Mercury invited DJs and producers of electronic music in [[Brazil]], as well as [[Gilberto Gil]], [[Carlinhos Brown]], and Lenine. It is a commemorative disc celebrating the five years of her having formed ''TrioTechno'', the first trio elétrico of electronic music in [[Bahian Carnaval]]. The disc received a Latin Grammy nomination for best pop album of the year and Mercury was nominated for a TIM Award for best female pop/rock vocalist. Internet users voted ''Carnaval Eletrônico'' the best pop album of the year online in one of Brazil's most important weekly magazines ''Revista Isto É''. ===Back to basics (2005–2007)=== In 2005, ''Clássica'' was released through [[Som Livre]] on both CD and DVD. Recorded from a concert Mercury gave the year before at [[São Paulo]]'s Casa de Espetáculo, the album is a sampler of [[bossa nova]], [[jazz]], and some of her biggest MPB hits. The record signaled a new phase for Mercury, who chose independence from record companies to gain full control of her work. Mercury was in London, during the [[7 July 2005 London bombings|July 7 bombings]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ilustrada/ult90u51823.shtml|title=Folha Online - Ilustrada - Em Londres, Daniela Mercury relata horror das explosões - 07/07/2005|website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref> That same year, Mercury's eighth studio album, ''[[Balé Mulato]]'', was released, but through [[EMI]]. The album was very well received by the critics, with some even saying it was Mercury's best album since ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' (1996). It was not, however, very well received by the public, with none of the singles being able to chart on the top-ten; a large part due to lack of record company support. The next year, the [[Latin Grammy Award]]-winning [[Balé Mulato - Ao Vivo|live version]] of ''Balé Mulato'', was released. Daniela Mercury has completed her newest release, ''[[Canibália]]''. Canibalia was launched in October 2009. ===Reinventing popular culture with Canibália and working with Cabeça de Nós Todos (2007–2013)=== [[File:Brazilian singer, Daniela Mercury.jpg|thumb|Mercury in 2010.]] On November 19, 2007, the singer released "[[Preta]]", which features [[Seu Jorge]]. The song, which is strongly influenced by [[samba]], was one of the most played in the country during the carnival. For the 2009's Carnival, Mercury recorded the song "[[Oyá Por Nós]]", who wrote with Alfredo Moura and [[Margareth Menezes]]. The theme, based on the song "Ketu de Iansã" was first used by Moura in the doctoral ceremony honoris-cause of [[Gilberto Gil]] at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. After that, Moura used the theme in a play in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]], at the University of Musicology. A year later, he showed the theme for Daniela, who did not know and she immediately wanted to record it to launch in the Carnival. In 2009, [[Rolling Stone Brasil]] magazine named Daniela as one of the 100 greatest artists of Brazilian music of all time. The names chosen by the expert jury, only 16 were women. Finally in November 2009, Daniela released the album entitled ''[[Canibália]]''. The album marks her return to the studio after five years. The recording sessions for the album takes almost three years to be done, ''Canibália'' hit stores with five different covers – a Gringo Cardia project. And five different track lists for the album, according to the singer, is an extensive project that combines music, dance, video and plastic arts – various expressions of art covered by it. Daniela Mercury has said that "Canibália is an embrace, a swallow of Tropicália, the Clube da Esquina and everything that has since been created in the arts in Brazil since the – ‘Semana de 22’ [‘Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922 ’-The Week of Modern Art] – I yearn for the liberty that comes from this anthropophagic movement, of the Cannibalist Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade and its practice by Mario [de Andrade), who spoke that these mixtures reinforce our [Brazilian] identity". [[José Oswald de Andrade Souza]] (1890 – October 1954) was a Brazilian poet and a controversial thinker. Born in São Paulo, Andrade was one of the founders of the Brazilian Modernist movement and a member of the Group of Five, including Mário de Andrade, Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral Oswald de Andrade]. Andrade is recognized by his nationalist, ''[[Manifesto Antropófago]]'' (Cannibalist Manifesto), published in 1928. The manifesto argues that based on the premise that the history of Brazil has, as its greatest strength, the power to cannibalize others and simultaneously plays with the idea of cannibalism as a modern primitivism; like a presumed tribal rite. Cannibalism then, becomes a way for Brazil to reaffirm itself against the cultural domination of Post Colonial Europe. The iconic phrase of the manifesto "Tupi or not Tupi" is as much a celebration of the Tupinamba, a documented tribe of cannibals, as it is an act of genius cannibalizing Shakespeare's, "To be or not to be". In 2009, her tour named by the album title started in [[São Paulo]], and traveled to several Brazilian cities and abroad. The work pays tribute to [[Carmen Miranda]], at her centenary, with songs like "[[Tico-Tico no Fubá]]" and "[[O Que É Que A Baiana Tem?]]". For 2010's Carnival, Daniela Mercury recorded "[[Andarilho Encantado]]", song released officially in the special project of the singer called ''Pôr do Som'' (Sunset Sound), the show that brings Mercury as headliner each year on the first day of the year at the [[Farol da Barra]], in [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], Bahia. The song was written by Mercury and Marcelo Quintanilha. Also in 2010, the year that the Electric Trio celebrates 60 years and Axé Music 25 years, the singer reaches 20 years of solo career – with significant-selling records. To commemorate the date, the media raised the possibility it make a documentary film about this invention of Bahian carnival, the axé music, praising percussionists. In February 2013, the singer was invited to be interviewed in the ''[[Leading Women]]'' program of [[CNN International]], and was announced by the issuer as the "Brazilian Madonna". The attraction highlights the most influential women in the world in their fields. Already in 2012, the Bahian singer had attracted the attention of American writer and feminist Camille Paglia, who declared to the British newspaper [[The Independent]], that had a "crush" by the Bahian star. Since she had been in the country, for a conference in Bahia, Paglia has written enthusiastic articles about Mercury, saying that Daniela Mercury is the artist who Madonna wanted to be. Paglia said, a Canadian television station, which is "in love with a Brazilian superstar. I'm watching her work. She is Daniela Mercury. In fact, this has been very important. This is the point where I am in my life" . In an interview with the Brazilian magazine [[Veja (magazine)|Veja]], intellectual revealed her plans to write two books about the Bahian singer. At the end of 2013, released the album ''[[Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos]]'', a partnership with the Brazilian group [[Cabeça de Nós Todos]], with songs like "[[Couché]]", "[[Alma Feminina]]", "Paula e Bebeto", "Aquele Abraço" and "Cheia de Graça" are some of the tracks are presented in this work. It is an urban and pop-rock album, which does not show Daniela's rhythmic signature; it was launched with a book called "Daniela and Malu, A Love Story", a partnership with her wife Malu Verçosa. The book tells the story of their relationship, from the moment of friendship to marriage. ===The Voice Kids and Vinil Virtual (2014–present)=== In 2014, she was mentor on [[The Voice Kids (Portuguese TV series)|The Voice Kids]] (the version for children of the traditional show [[The Voice Portugal|The Voice]]) of Portugal, because of her popularity in Portuguese lands. In the same year she released the single "[[A Rainha do Axé (Rainha Má)]]", an electronic ijexá that speaks about the strength of women, love and faith which was sung by revelers during the 2015's Carnival of Salvador. The single is the first single to the fifteenth studio album by the singer titled ''[[Vinil Virtual]]'', released November 27, 2015 by the label [[Biscoito Fino]]. ==Personal life== [[File:Daniela Mercury beija a mulher, Malu Verçosa.jpg|thumb|240px|Mercury and her wife Malu Verçosa participating in an [[LGBT]] seminar in the [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] in [[Brasília]]]] In 1984, at 19, Mercury married electronic engineer Zalther Portela Laborda Póvoas, her high school boyfriend.<ref name="fac" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe_eng.asp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070704161038/http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe_eng.asp?nome=Daniela+Mercury&tabela=T_FORM_ENG_A&qdetalhe=art|archive-date=July 4, 2007|url-status=dead|title=Dictionary Cravo Albin of the Brazilian Popular Music|access-date=November 15, 2007}}</ref> The next year, on September 3, 1985, she gave birth to their first child, Gabriel (who is also a singer and songwriter). The following year, she gave birth to a girl named Giovana (who is now a dancer in Mercury's ensemble). In 1996, Mercury and Póvoas divorced.<ref name="Daniela Mercury - Biography">{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0580536/bio|title=Daniela Mercury|website=IMDb}}</ref> That same year, she was pointed as the reason for the split between [[Chico Buarque]] and [[Marieta Severo]]. In an interview to ''[[ISTOÉ]]'' magazine, Mercury said that "it was a levity what they did, an irresponsibility that caused an uproar in my life and in the lives of both of them".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://istoe.com.br/|title=ISTOÉ Independente|website=ISTOÉ Independente}}</ref> In April 2013 Daniela Mercury used social media to make public her relationship with the journalist Malu Verçosa, saying that "Malu is now my wife, my family, my inspiration to sing."<ref name="ego">{{Cite web |url=http://ego.globo.com/famosos/noticia/2013/04/daniela-mercury-posta-foto-com-mulher-e-diz-minha-esposa-minha-familia.html |title=Daniela Mercury posta foto de mulher e diz: 'Minha esposa, minha família' |work=Ego magazine |language=pt |author1=Maselli, Juliana |author2=Bessa, Priscila |access-date=April 6, 2013}}</ref> Daniela Mercury and Malu Verçosa married on October 12, 2013, in a civil ceremony in Salvador da Bahia, both dressed in all white. Her father, initially critical about their relationship, was present.<ref>''[http://caras.uol.com.br/especial/noivas/post/daniela-mercury-se-casa-no-civil-com-malu-vercosa-casamento-salvador Daniela Mercury se casa no civil com Malu Verçosa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014093421/http://caras.uol.com.br/especial/noivas/post/daniela-mercury-se-casa-no-civil-com-malu-vercosa-casamento-salvador |date=October 14, 2013 }}'', CARAS Online, October 12, 2013.</ref> ==Controversies== At late 2005, Mercury, a devout [[Catholic Church|Catholic]], was uninvited from a Christmas concert in the [[Vatican City]] due to her endorsement of a [[Ministry of Health (Brazil)|Ministry of Health]] campaign encouraging young people to use [[condom]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-141801527.html|title=Vatican cancels singer for "pro-condom" statement.(The Church and HIV/AIDS)(Daniela Mercury)(Brief Article) - Conscience | HighBeam Research|journal=Conscience |date=November 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034703/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-141801527.html|archive-date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> Church officials feared she would use the occasion to promote the use of condoms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-140142817.html|title=Daniela Mercury.(dropped from the Vatican's annual Christmas concert)(Brief Article) - National Catholic Reporter | HighBeam Research|date=November 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034717/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-140142817.html|archive-date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> In 2006, Mercury openly opposed [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]]'s reelection. This drew criticism from other artists, such as [[Zeca Baleiro]], who accused her of being favored by the late [[Antônio Carlos Magalhães]], a controversial [[Oligarchy|oligarch]] from Bahia (which she denied vehemently). Later that same year, in an interview with ''[[Folha de S.Paulo]]'', Mercury declared she was against reelections in general. She also said that she voted for Lula four times and that she was disappointed "by his first term (...), shocked with all these scandals". However, she said that she hoped that "Brazil would now have the four years of Lula that we hoped for in his first term."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ilustrada/ult90u67075.shtml|title=Folha Online - Ilustrada - Daniela Mercury critica lei "antijabá" e compara download a assalto - 19/12/2006|website=www1.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref> ==Philanthropy== Mercury has performed at a large number of charitable events. She is the second Brazilian honored as an ambassador for [[UNICEF]] ([[Renato Aragão]] was the first). She is also an ambassador for [[UNAIDS]] and [[UNESCO]]. She has performed at [[Rede Globo]]'s annual charity ''Criança Esperança'' for fifteen consecutive years (1992–2007). She also represents various non-profit organizations including Caravana da Musica which has spawned her own Instituto Sol da Liberdade. ==Discography== {{main|Daniela Mercury discography}} '''Studio albums''' * ''[[Daniela Mercury (album)|Daniela Mercury]]'' ''(a.k.a. "Swing da Cor")'' (1991) * ''[[O Canto da Cidade]]'' (1992) * ''[[Música de Rua]]'' (1994) * ''[[Feijão com Arroz]]'' (1996) * ''[[Sol da Liberdade]]'' (2000) * ''[[Sou de Qualquer Lugar]]'' (2001) * ''[[Carnaval Eletrônico]]'' (2004) * ''[[Balé Mulato]]'' (2005) * ''[[Canibália]]'' (2009) * ''[[Daniela Mercury & Cabeça de Nós Todos]]'' (2013) * ''[[Vinil Virtual]]'' (2015) * ''Perfume'' (2020) * ''Baiana'' (2022) ==Tours== * ''Swing da Cor Tour'' (1991–1992) * ''O Canto da Cidade Tour'' (1992–1994) * ''Música de Rua Tour'' (1995–1996) * ''Feijão com Arroz Tour'' (1996–1997) * ''Elétrica Tour'' (1998–1999) * ''Sol da Liberdade Tour'' (2000–2001) * ''Sou de Qualquer Lugar Tour'' (2002) * ''Eletrodoméstico Tour'' (2003) * ''Carnaval Eletrônico Tour'' (2004) * ''Balé Mulato Tour'' (2006–2009) * ''[[Canibália (Tour)|Canibália Tour]]'' (2009–2012) * ''Couché Tour'' (2013) * ''Pelada Tour'' (2014) * ''Baile da Rainha Má Tour'' (2015–2017) * ''O Axé, a Voz e o Violão Tour'' (2016–2017) ==See also== *[[List of best-selling Latin music artists]] *[[Women in Latin music]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ===Sources=== *[https://archive.today/20070704161038/http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/detalhe.asp?nome=Daniela+Mercury&tabela=T_FORM_A&qdetalhe=bio '''(Portuguese)''' Biography at the dictionary of MPB] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070824094606/http://ofuxico.uol.com.br/Materias/Noticias/noticia_22353.htm '''(Portuguese)''' Biography at gossip site ''O Fuxico''] == External links == {{Commons category|Daniela Mercury}} * {{Official website|www.danielamercury.art.br/}} {{Daniela Mercury|state=autocollapse}} {{Order of Cultural Merit}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mercury, Daniela}} [[Category:Daniela Mercury| ]] [[Category:1965 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Brazilian record producers]] [[Category:Bisexual singers]] [[Category:Bisexual songwriters]] [[Category:Bisexual women musicians]] [[Category:Brazilian LGBTQ singer-songwriters]] [[Category:Latin Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Spanish-language singers of Brazil]] [[Category:Música Popular Brasileira singers]] [[Category:Brazilian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBTQ Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBTQ record producers]] [[Category:LGBTQ people in Latin music]] [[Category:Musicians from Salvador, Bahia]] [[Category:Brazilian people of Italian descent]] [[Category:Brazilian people of Portuguese descent]] [[Category:Portuguese people of Brazilian descent]] [[Category:Portuguese people of Italian descent]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian women singers]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian singers]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian women singers]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian singer-songwriters]] [[Category:Women record producers]] [[Category:Women in Latin music]] [[Category:Brazilian women singer-songwriters]] [[Category:20th-century Brazilian LGBTQ people]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian LGBTQ people]] [[Category:Brazilian LGBTQ women]] [[Category:Brazilian bossa nova singers]] [[Category:Portuguese-language singers of Brazil]] [[Category:LGBTQ women singers]]

1,296,215,894

[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Birth name": "Daniela Mercuri de Almeida", "Born": "July 28, 1965 \u00b7 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil", "Genres": "Latin pop ax\u00e9 samba reggae MPB", "Occupations": "Singer songwriter record producer dancer", "Instrument": "Vocals", "Years active": "1989\u2013present", "Labels": "Est\u00fadio Eldorado Epic BMG/MTV Sony Music EMI"}}, {"title": "Daniela Mercury", "data": {"Studio albums": "Daniela Mercury (1991) O Canto da Cidade (1992) M\u00fasica de Rua (1994) Feij\u00e3o com Arroz (1996) Sol da Liberdade (2000) Sou de Qualquer Lugar (2001) Carnaval Eletr\u00f4nico (2004) Bal\u00e9 Mulato (2005) Canib\u00e1lia (2009) Daniela Mercury & Cabe\u00e7a de N\u00f3s Todos (2013) Vinil Virtual (2015)", "Live albums": "El\u00e9trica (1998) MTV ao Vivo \u2013 Eletrodom\u00e9stico (2003) Cl\u00e1ssica (2005) Baile Barroco (2006) Bal\u00e9 Mulato \u2013 Ao Vivo (2006) O Ax\u00e9, a Voz e o Viol\u00e3o (2016)", "Compilation albums": "O Canto da Cidade - 15 Anos (2008)", "Singles": "\" Swing da Cor \" \" O Canto da Cidade \" \" M\u00fasica de Rua \" \" \u00c0 Primeira Vista \" \" Nobre Vagabundo \" \" Rapunzel \" \" Minas com Bahia \" \" Il\u00ea P\u00e9rola Negra \"", "Related articles": "Discography Canib\u00e1lia tour"}}]

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# Jane Fennell Jane Fennell is a former Australian TV presenter, most notably on the children's television program Mr. Squiggle and Friends. She is the daughter of actor Willie Fennell and grew up in Sydney, Australia. She initially worked on Mr. Squiggle as a production assistant and was host "Miss Jane" from 1975 to 1986. A car accident left her with serious facial injuries that ended her on-screen career. During her recovery she became close to John Ewart, a long time friend of her father whom she had known since she was 15. They became engaged in 1992 but postponed the wedding following the death of her father. They married on 8 March 1994 in a bedside ceremony, as Ewart lay dying from throat cancer. He died nine hours after the wedding.

enwiki/6383811

enwiki

6,383,811

Jane Fennell

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Fennell

2025-04-12T12:32:03Z

en

Q6152218

18,320

{{Short description|Australian television presenter}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}} {{Use Australian English|date=July 2015}} '''Jane Fennell''' is a former Australian [[TV presenter]], most notably on the children's television program ''[[Mr Squiggle|Mr. Squiggle and Friends]]''. She is the daughter of actor [[Willie Fennell]] and grew up in Sydney, Australia.<ref>[http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/end-of-the-line-for-mr-squiggle-animator/story-e6frg6nf-1225966645464 End of the line for Mr Squiggle animator]</ref> She initially worked on ''Mr. Squiggle'' as a production assistant and was host "Miss Jane" from 1975 to 1986. A car accident left her with serious facial injuries that ended her on-screen career. During her recovery she became close to [[John Ewart]], a long time friend of her father whom she had known since she was 15. They became engaged in 1992 but postponed the wedding following the death of her father. They married on 8 March 1994 in a bedside ceremony, as Ewart lay dying from throat cancer. He died nine hours after the wedding.<ref>{{cite book|title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts|page=63|author=Harris M. Lentz|publisher=McFarland|year=1994}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb name|0993417}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fennell, Jane}} [[Category:Australian television presenters]] [[Category:Australian women television presenters]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Television personalities from Sydney]] [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] {{Australia-tv-bio-stub}}

1,285,225,304

[]

false

# Minus six (exile) The minus six (Russian: Минус шесть, romanized: minus shest') was a form of exile imposed in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, which banned the subject from living in or visiting any of the union's six largest cities as well as border territories. ## Cities banned - Moscow (now in Russia) - Petrograd (known as Leningrad from 1924, now Saint Petersburg in Russia) - Kiev (now Kyiv in Ukraine) - Kharkov (now Kharkiv in Ukraine) - Yekaterinburg (known as Sverdlovsk from 1924, now Yekaterinburg in Russia) - Tiflis (now Tbilisi in Georgia)

enwiki/66215356

enwiki

66,215,356

Minus six (exile)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minus_six_(exile)

2024-12-19T00:08:12Z

en

Q104830093

22,951

The '''minus six''' ({{Langx|ru|Минус шесть|minus shest'}}) was a form of [[exile]] imposed in the [[Soviet Union]] during the 1920s, which banned the subject from living in or visiting any of the union's six largest cities as well as border territories.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Badcock |first1=Sarah |author2=[[Judith Pallot]] |year=2018 |chapter=Russia and the Soviet Union from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century |editor=[[Clare Anderson]] |title=A Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies |publisher=Bloomsbury |page=274 |isbn=9781350000674 |chapter-url=https://library.oapen.org/viewer/web/viewer.html?file=/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/58808/9781350000681.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |doi=10.5040/9781350000704 |url=https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/58808 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Gentleman at Ursinus |url=https://www.ursinus.edu/live/news/2768-a-gentleman-at-ursinus |publisher=[[Ursinus College]] |date=6 April 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Douglas |title=Former people: the final days of the Russian aristocracy |date=2012 |publisher=Farrar, Straus, and Giroux |location=New York |isbn=978-0-374-15761-6 |page=247 |edition=First }}</ref> ==Cities banned== *[[Moscow]] (now in [[Russia]]) *[[Petrograd]] (known as Leningrad from 1924, now Saint Petersburg in Russia) *[[Kyiv|Kiev]] (now Kyiv in [[Ukraine]]) *[[Kharkiv|Kharkov]] (now Kharkiv in Ukraine) *[[Yekaterinburg]] (known as Sverdlovsk from 1924, now Yekaterinburg in Russia) *[[Tbilisi|Tiflis]] (now Tbilisi in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]) ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Soviet-stub}} [[Category:Political repression in the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Penal system in the Soviet Union]]

1,263,845,877

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false

# Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah Al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah (Arabic: البويضة الشرقية, also spelled al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southeast of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Qusayr and al-Dabaah to the southwest, Damina al-Sharqiya to the southeast, Shinshar to the east and Qattina to the northwest. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah had a population of 3,196 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims. In the 19th-century it was reported that most of the village was built from basalt rock. ## Syrian civil war The village was the site of the al-Buwaida al-Sharqiya massacre in May 2012, during the Syrian civil war. Opposition activists claimed 13 factory workers were killed by the government's security forces, while Syrian government sources blamed rebel forces for the killings On 8 June 2013, the town was recaptured by the Syrian Army during the Al-Qusayr offensive. ## Bibliography - Socin, Albert (1898). Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers. Karl Baedeker. - Smith, Eli; Robinson, Edward (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838. Vol. 3. Crocker and Brewster.

enwiki/36003838

enwiki

36,003,838

Al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Buwaydah_al-Sharqiyah

2025-01-01T13:40:05Z

en

Q4702318

120,207

{{Infobox settlement   |official_name = al-Buwaidah al_Sharqiyah |other_name = al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh |native_name = البويضة الشرقية  |nickname = |motto =  |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Syria  |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Syria  |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Syrian revolution.svg}} [[Syria]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Syria|Governorate]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Homs Governorate|Homs]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Syria|District]] |subdivision_name2 = [[al-Qusayr District|Al-Qusayr]] |subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah|Subdistrict]] |subdivision_name3 = [[Al-Qusayr, Syria|Al-Qusayr]] |settlement_type =Village |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 =  |population_as_of = 2004 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 3,196 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi =  |timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|34|36|16|N|36|38|45|E|region:SY|display=inline}} |website = |footnotes = }} '''Al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah''' ({{langx|ar|البويضة الشرقية}}, also spelled '''al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh''') is a village in central [[Syria]], administratively part of the [[Homs Governorate]], located southeast of [[Homs]]. Nearby localities include [[al-Qusayr, Syria|al-Qusayr]] and [[al-Dabaah]] to the southwest, [[Damina al-Sharqiya]] to the southeast, [[Shinshar]] to the east and [[Qattina]] to the northwest. According to the [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS), al-Buwaidah al-Sharqiyah had a population of 3,196 in the 2004 census.<ref name="CBS">[https://archive.today/20121204165131/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB04-13-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004]. [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Syria Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS). Homs Governorate. {{in lang|ar}}</ref> Its inhabitants are predominantly [[Sunni Muslim]]s.<ref>Smith, 1841, p. 176.</ref> In the 19th-century it was reported that most of the village was built from [[basalt]] rock.<ref>Socin, p. 405.</ref> ==Syrian civil war== The village was the site of the [[al-Buwaida al-Sharqiya massacre]] in May 2012, during the [[Syrian civil war]]. Opposition activists claimed 13 factory workers were killed by the government's security forces, while Syrian government sources blamed rebel forces for the killings<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18293155|title=New Syria 'mass killing' reported ahead of UN meeting|work=BBC News|date=1 June 2012}}</ref> On 8 June 2013, the town was recaptured by the [[Syrian Army]] during the [[Al-Qusayr offensive]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Syrian Army Captures Village Near Qusair as Assad Extends Gains|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-08/syrian-army-captures-village-near-qusair-as-assad-extends-gains.html|author=Glen Carey|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]|date=8 June 2013|access-date=9 June 2013}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|first=Albert|last=Socin|title=Palestine and Syria: Handbook for Travellers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QdZAAAAYAAJ&q=Khirbet+Hammam+Syria|publisher=Karl Baedeker|year=1898}} *{{cite book|first1=Eli|last1=Smith|first2=Edward|last2=Robinson|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt0uAAAAQAAJ&q=d'Helfaya|publisher=Crocker and Brewster|volume=3|year=1841}} {{refend}} {{Homs Governorate|qusayr}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buwaidah Sharqiyah}} [[Category:Populated places in al-Qusayr District]] {{HomsSY-geo-stub}}

1,266,623,810

[{"title": "al-Buwaidah al_Sharqiyah \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629al-Buwaideh al-Sharqiyeh", "data": {"Country": "Syria", "Governorate": "Homs", "District": "Al-Qusayr", "Subdistrict": "Al-Qusayr"}}, {"title": "Population (2004)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "3,196", "Time zone": "UTC+3 (EET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+2 (EEST)"}}]

false

# German Tyrol German Tyrol (German: Deutschtirol; Italian: Tirolo tedesco) is a historical region in the Alps now divided between Austria and Italy. It includes largely ethnic German areas of historical County of Tyrol: the Austrian state of Tyrol (consisting of North Tyrol and East Tyrol) and the province of South Tyrol but not the largely Italian-speaking province of Trentino (formerly Welschtirol). ## History German Tyrol was historically an integral part of the Habsburg constituent Princely County of Tyrol but, with the imminent collapse of Habsburg Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, areas of the empire with an ethnic German majority began to take actions to form a new state. On 11 November 1918, Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquished power and, on 12 November, these ethnic German areas, including the Province of German Tyrol (German: Provinz Deutschtirol) were declared the Republic of German Austria with the intent of unifying with Germany. However, South Tyrol had been promised as spoils of war to Italy by the Entente powers in the Treaty of London. The remainder of German Tyrol became the Austrian federal state of Tyrol. The status of Tyrol was definitively settled by the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye that established the division of the region that remains to this day.

enwiki/7946086

enwiki

7,946,086

German Tyrol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Tyrol

2025-05-04T14:05:11Z

en

Q4118268

27,673

{{Short description|Historic region in the Alps between Austria and Italy}} {{unreferenced|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox former subdivision | native_name = ''Province of German Tyrol'' | conventional_long_name = Provinz Deutschtirol | common_name = Deutschtirol | year_start = 1918 | year_end = 1919 | event_start = | date_start = 12 November | event_end = [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] | date_end = 10 September | flag = | image_flag = | subdivision = [[Province]] | capital = [[Innsbruck]] | nation = the [[German Austria]] | stat_year1 = 1910 | stat_area1 = 20039 | stat_pop1 = 555,000 | p1 = Austria-Hungary | flag_p1 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg | s1 = First Austrian Republic | flag_s1 = Flag_of_Austria.svg | s2 = Kingdom of Italy | flag_s2 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg | today = [[Austria]] [[Italy]] }} '''German Tyrol''' ({{langx|de|Deutschtirol}}; {{langx|it|Tirolo tedesco}}) is a historical region in the [[Alps]] now divided between [[Austria]] and [[Italy]]. It includes largely [[ethnic German]] areas of historical [[County of Tyrol]]: the [[States of Austria|Austrian state]] of [[Tyrol (state)|Tyrol]] (consisting of [[North Tyrol]] and [[East Tyrol]]) and the province of [[South Tyrol]] but not the largely [[Italian language|Italian]]-speaking province of [[Trentino]] (formerly ''[[Walh|Welsch]]tirol''). ==History== [[Image:German Austria (1918) en.svg|thumb|right|350px|The provinces of [[German Austria]] 1918 with German Tyrol in gray]] German Tyrol was historically an integral part of the [[Habsburgs|Habsburg]] [[Crown land#Austria|constituent]] [[Princely County of Tyrol]] but, with the imminent collapse of Habsburg [[Austria-Hungary]] at the end of [[World War I]], areas of the empire with an ethnic German majority began to take actions to form a new state. On 11 November 1918, Emperor [[Charles I of Austria]] relinquished power and, on 12 November, these ethnic German areas, including the Province of German Tyrol (German: ''Provinz Deutschtirol'') were declared the Republic of [[German Austria]] with the intent of unifying with [[Germany]]. However, [[South Tyrol]] had been promised as spoils of war to Italy by the Entente powers in the [[Treaty of London (1915)|Treaty of London]]. The remainder of German Tyrol became the [[States of Austria|Austrian federal state]] of [[Tyrol (state)|Tyrol]]. The status of Tyrol was definitively settled by the 1919 [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] that established the division of the region that remains to {{As of|2006|alt=this day}}. ==See also== *[[German Austria]] *[[History of Tyrol]] *[[Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino]] {{coord missing|Austria}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Tyrol (region)]] [[Category:Historical regions in Austria]] [[Category:Establishments in the Republic of German-Austria]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1918]] [[Category:1918 establishments in Europe]]

1,288,731,313

[{"title": "Provinz DeutschtirolProvince of German Tyrol", "data": {"Capital": "Innsbruck", "\u2022 1910": ["20,039 km2 (7,737 sq mi)", "555,000"], "\u2022 Established": "12 November 1918", "\u2022 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye": "10 September 1919", "Preceded by": "Succeeded by", "| | Austria-Hungary |": "| First Austrian Republic | | Kingdom of Italy |", "Today part of": "Austria \u00b7 Italy"}}]

false

# The John Franklin Letters The John Franklin Letters is a 1959 dystopian anti-communist novel. Published anonymously by The Bookmailer, it was likely written by far-right activist Revilo P. Oliver, a founding member of the John Birch Society and classics professor. The book was distributed and popularized by the John Birch Society. It is overtly politically right-wing and anti-communist, presenting communism as a system that can be easily overthrown with determined resistance. The book also focuses on racist themes; it was written in a period of division over race within the John Birch Society. An epistolary novel, it utilizes a framing device with the eponymous letters being contextualized in a preface by a future historian. After the New Deal, the United States is taken over by the "Buros" (bureaucrats). The Buros eventually give power to the United Nations, who occupy the country with foreign fighters. They seize all guns, and in their first year of power, over 20 million Americans die. The protagonist, John Franklin, is a member of the Rangers, the resistance to the regime; their struggle to restore America is recounted in the letters between him and his elderly uncle. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporary commentary from the conservative National Review praised the book, while it was criticized by the left. Later commentators have described it as anti-Communist propaganda. The book contains practical advice on insurgency, and as a result acquired a reputation of being an insurgency guide; it influenced the far-right into adopting a cellular model of organization. It inspired the creation of the Minutemen and the Patriot movement, and was the primary inspiration for the novel The Turner Diaries. ## Plot summary The John Franklin Letters uses a framing device, with the letters in the story being collected by a future historian. The book's preface is dated 17 July 1989, with the historian contextualizing the letters, though he vows to "step aside" and let the reader take their own interpretation from them. The bulk of the narrative is made up of correspondence between elderly farmer Jacob Semmes Franklin and his nephew John Semmes Franklin, born 1920. The letters begin in 1957. John Franklin bemoans the path the country has gone on since the election of president Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal; he criticizes the latter as resulting in overreliance on government, as does welfare (which he says black Americans and Puerto Ricans are over-reliant on). Another complaint is that police are made to not police or lightly police non-whites, which has the result of some urban areas escalating into civil war. In the late 1950s, various liberal factions, the subversive class of "Buros" (bureaucrats) launch a takeover of the government. They force the country into an overpowered bureaucracy, with the Buros running the nation. They give increased power to the United Nations, who eventually have their foreign fighters, mostly Chinese, occupy the country, suspending the right of the people to defend themselves due to America's "historic psychological genocide" against the black population. The regime becomes increasingly authoritarian and passes a law mandating all gun owners register their guns in preparation for their seizure. During the first year of this regime, 20 million Americans are either enslaved overseas or simply killed. Career military officers, especially a problem for the regime, are marched to the Grand Canyon and executed en masse. Many cities are annihilated with nuclear bombs. The Rangers, a secretive organized resistance, form. Prior to the Buros taking control of the US, the Rangers predicted what was to come and stockpiled firearms and trained for war in preparation. John Franklin is one of them, having stockpiled rifles starting in 1967. In 1973 they begin a guerrilla war against the government, utilizing small cells to increase their secrecy and engaging in large-scale acts of sabotage, including at least fourteen murders recounted by Franklin. Slowly, the Rangers win over the American populace, who help the war effort by sabotaging the system, which buckles the government's distribution and manufacturing capabilities. In 1976, the Rangers finally take control of Washington, D.C., inspiring similar revolts worldwide in countries with left-wing governments, including in Russia, China, England, Ireland, and France. At the end of the book, it is discovered that Mr. Harrison, a black Ranger and minor government officeholder, is constitutionally obligated to become president. The book ends with Harrison being inaugurated as president and the US returning to a constitutional republic. ## Background and publication history The book was published in 1959 by The Bookmailer. It was distributed by the John Birch Society (JBS), which contributed to its popularity. No author was listed for the book and it included no publishing information. The actual author is probably far-right activist Revilo P. Oliver, a founding member of the JBS and classics professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; according to Jeffrey Kaplan his work was known for "dry intellectual prose". The book was edited by Harley N. Ogden, a professor at the same university as Oliver. Ogden is also a possible author. The introduction is credited to Ogden. Oliver had written at length about race and anti-Communism prior to the book's publication. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporaneously, it was criticized by the left while it was positively considered by the conservative National Review. Its mainstream notice was however short lived. It was withdrawn only a few years after its publication, and in 2017 was only available in archives and at extremely high online prices. Journalist Murray Kempton commented of the book that: This, of course, is the Bircher’s dream. America slides unresistingly into Communism; a few Mike Hammers find their rifles; and in five years the world is free. The Birch mind is only the Mickey Spillane mind. There is that lingering over and savoring of pure physical violence, the daydream of the disarmed. Reading The John Franklin Letters we can recognize Robert Welch’s voice. He is Charles Atlas saying to us again that we need only mail the letter and back will come the muscles which we will use to throw the bully off the beach and have the girl turn to us with eyes shining with the sudden knowledge of how special we are. At the time of the book's publication in the 1950s, there was a deep divide in the JBS over race. Most members viewed race as a distraction from what they thought was the true issue, fighting a worldwide communist conspiracy, but there was a separate contingent motivated more by racism. Antisemitism and racism were eventually disavowed by the JBS's leadership, which was against the racial faction, in the 1963 book The Neutralizers. Members with more racist views exited and were eventually expelled. Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views. ## Legacy and analysis While it was not a mainstream success, The John Franklin Letters had a profound impact on the far-right. The novel is seen as the first modern book in its genre; scholar Jeffrey Kaplan described it as "one of the earliest dystopian opuses to appear in the far right". The book, with its plot focusing on insurgency, contains actual advice on how to best be an insurgent and to resist the government. As a result, The John Franklin Letters acquired a reputation of being an insurgency how-to manual and inspired direct action to a degree unlike prior books like it. It inspired the creation of the anti-government militia the Minutemen and the Patriot movement. A short-lived paramilitary group also took its name from the Rangers in the novel. It influenced the far right's usage of the cellular model of organization. In his authorized biography The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds, The John Franklin Letters was cited by William Luther Pierce as the most direct inspiration for his novel The Turner Diaries, a book which has been linked to numerous acts of terrorism and murder. Similar to The John Franklin Letters, The Turner Diaries utilizes a framing device where the events are prefaced by an in-universe future historian, though the historian in The John Franklin Letters says he will "step aside" to let the reader judge on their own. Pierce said that he had been given this book by Revilo P. Oliver; Oliver had recently written a review for Pierce's magazine Attack!. In a meeting (likely in late 1974), Pierce expressed to Oliver that he was having difficulty getting people to respond to his message. Oliver asked him if he had considered writing fiction, as the kinds of people who would appreciate Pierce's views just did not read the non-fiction material Pierce had previously written. Pierce believed Oliver authored The John Franklin Letters. It may have influenced Sam Greenlee, who wrote The Spook Who Sat by the Door. The book focuses on some racist themes, mostly the fear whites will be genocided if they are no longer the majority, but is more focused on contemporaneous conservative issues of the time like communist infiltration and government overreach. Kaplan said that despite the preference for constitutionalism over race in the book, Oliver's racism was clear, but that it was "couched in the dogma of much of the radical right which saw Black people as indolent and somewhat malevolent, but essentially innocent pawns of the Jews." George Michael called the ending of the novel, where a black man becomes president and this is portrayed in a positive light, ironic in light of its other racial grievances. Kaplan argued this was what separated The John Franklin Letters from The Turner Diaries, with this signaling a disavowal of the segregationists in the John Birch Society. Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views. Drawing an analogy to the 2016 United States presidential election, Kaplan said that "In a sense, the domestic side of the story of the 2016 American presidential election metaphorically begins where The John Franklin Letters ended: with the election of a Black president". Kaplan also noted that, given his later views, "one assumes that Oliver eventually found that the racially harmonious denouement of The John Franklin Letters to be a bit of an embarrassment". Kaplan noted the book's "dogged faith in America and its Constitution" as contrasting with the views of later racist works of its ilk, as did its lack of "future millennial paradise". He further said it was "remarkable for the way it reflected the mood of the far right of the day", utilizing it as an example of a reformist mood of the 1950s far-right, compared to the 1970s apocalyptic Turner Diaries. J.M. Berger of the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism noted the book as "unabashedly right-wing in orientation" and "foremost a work of anti-Communist propaganda". The book assumes that communism is inherently fragile and inefficient, and with any determined resistance it can be overthrown. He compared it to the book The Iron Heel in its explanation of its ideology, though in contrast to that work called it "admirably succinct" in doing so. Another comparison was drawn to Anticipations of the Future, with both focusing on national level politics. Rob McAlear described it as "a straightforward tale of conservative resistance to what we would now call 'The New World Order'." McAlear argued that it provided "the foundation" for The Turner Diaries, and said its usage of "a new political timeline" stemming from initially real historical events was taken up by Pierce in that book. ### Works cited - Bell, Daniel, ed. (2017). "The Dispossessed". The Radical Right (3rd ed.). New Brunswick: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7658-0749-6. - Berger, J.M. (2016). "The Turner Legacy: The Storied Origins and Enduring Impact of White Nationalism's Deadly Bible". International Centre for Counter-Terrorism. 7 (8). The Hague. doi:10.19165/2016.1.11. - Kaplan, Jeffrey, ed. (2000). "Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG)". Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press. pp. 367–372. ISBN 978-0-7425-0340-3. - Kaplan, Jeffrey (4 May 2017). "Red Dawn is Now: Race vs. Nation and the American Election". Terrorism and Political Violence. 29 (3): 411–424. doi:10.1080/09546553.2017.1304759. ISSN 0954-6553. - Kaplan, Jeffrey (July 2018). "America's apocalyptic literature of the radical right". International Sociology. 33 (4): 503–522. doi:10.1177/0268580918775583. ISSN 0268-5809. - Morris, Travis (2017). "The Need to Weaponize Ideas: Anwar Al-Awlaki and William Pierce". Dark Ideas: How Neo-Nazi and Violent Jihadi Ideologues Shaped Modern Terrorism. Lexington Books. pp. 25–42. ISBN 978-0-7391-9105-7. - McAlear, Rob (2009). "Hate, Narrative, and Propaganda in The Turner Diaries". The Journal of American Culture. 32 (3): 192–202. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.2009.00710.x. ISSN 1542-734X. - Michael, George (21 January 2010). "Blueprints and Fantasies: A Review and Analysis of Extremist Fiction". Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 33 (2): 149–170. doi:10.1080/10576100903488451. ISSN 1057-610X. - Michael, George (2012). "Leaderless Resistance and the Extreme Right". Lone Wolf Terror and the Rise of Leaderless Resistance. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. pp. 29–59. ISBN 978-0-8265-1855-2.

enwiki/79130586

enwiki

79,130,586

The John Franklin Letters

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_John_Franklin_Letters

2025-07-14T03:09:13Z

en

Q2412245

103,502

{{Short description|1959 novel}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}} {{Use American English|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox book | image = The John Franklin Letters cover.jpg | caption = Cover of the first edition | alt = Beige cover, reading The John Franklin Letters vertically to the left, and to the right a sequence of years from 1957 to 1976. The years from 1970 to 1975 are written in red | author = Anonymous (probably [[Revilo P. Oliver]]) | language = English | genre = [[Dystopian fiction]] | publisher = [[The Bookmailer]] | pub_date = 1959 | country = United States | pages = 178 | oclc = 1060810 }} '''''The John Franklin Letters''''' is a 1959 [[dystopian]] [[anti-communist]] novel. Published anonymously by [[The Bookmailer]], it was likely written by far-right activist [[Revilo P. Oliver]], a founding member of the [[John Birch Society]] and classics professor. The book was distributed and popularized by the John Birch Society. It is overtly politically right-wing and anti-communist, presenting communism as a system that can be easily overthrown with determined resistance. The book also focuses on racist themes; it was written in a period of division over race within the John Birch Society. An [[epistolary novel]], it utilizes a [[framing device]] with the eponymous letters being contextualized in a preface by a future historian. After the [[New Deal]], the United States is taken over by the "Buros" (bureaucrats). The Buros eventually give power to the [[United Nations]], who occupy the country with foreign fighters. They seize all guns, and in their first year of power, over 20 million Americans die. The protagonist, John Franklin, is a member of the Rangers, the resistance to the regime; their struggle to restore America is recounted in the letters between him and his elderly uncle. The book was not a mainstream success. Contemporary commentary from the conservative ''[[National Review]]'' praised the book, while it was criticized by the left. Later commentators have described it as anti-Communist propaganda. The book contains practical advice on insurgency, and as a result acquired a reputation of being an insurgency guide; it influenced the far-right into adopting a cellular model of organization. It inspired the creation of the [[Minutemen (anti-Communist organization)|Minutemen]] and the [[Patriot movement]], and was the primary inspiration for the novel ''[[The Turner Diaries]].'' == Plot summary == ''The John Franklin Letters'' uses a [[framing device]], with the letters in the story being collected by a future historian. The book's preface is dated 17 July 1989, with the historian contextualizing the letters, though he vows to "step aside" and let the reader take their own interpretation from them. The bulk of the narrative is made up of correspondence between elderly farmer Jacob Semmes Franklin and his nephew John Semmes Franklin, born 1920. The letters begin in 1957. John Franklin bemoans the path the country has gone on since the election of president [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and his [[New Deal]]; he criticizes the latter as resulting in overreliance on government, as does [[Welfare spending|welfare]] (which he says black Americans and Puerto Ricans are over-reliant on). Another complaint is that police are made to not police or lightly police non-whites, which has the result of some urban areas escalating into civil war. In the late 1950s, various liberal factions, the subversive class of "Buros" (bureaucrats) launch a takeover of the government. They force the country into an overpowered bureaucracy, with the Buros running the nation. They give increased power to the [[United Nations]], who eventually have their foreign fighters, mostly Chinese, occupy the country, suspending the right of the people to defend themselves due to America's "historic psychological genocide" against the black population.{{sfn|Bell|2017|p=11}} The regime becomes increasingly authoritarian and passes a law mandating all gun owners register their guns in preparation for their seizure. During the first year of this regime, 20 million Americans are either enslaved overseas or simply killed. Career military officers, especially a problem for the regime, are marched to the [[Grand Canyon]] and executed en masse. Many cities are annihilated with nuclear bombs. The Rangers, a secretive organized resistance, form. Prior to the Buros taking control of the US, the Rangers predicted what was to come and stockpiled firearms and trained for war in preparation. John Franklin is one of them, having stockpiled rifles starting in 1967. In 1973 they begin a [[guerrilla war]] against the government, utilizing small cells to increase their secrecy and engaging in large-scale acts of sabotage, including at least fourteen murders recounted by Franklin. Slowly, the Rangers win over the American populace, who help the war effort by sabotaging the system, which buckles the government's distribution and manufacturing capabilities. In 1976, the Rangers finally take control of Washington, D.C., inspiring similar revolts worldwide in countries with left-wing governments, including in Russia, China, England, Ireland, and France. At the end of the book, it is discovered that Mr. Harrison, a black Ranger and minor government officeholder, is constitutionally obligated to become president. The book ends with Harrison being inaugurated as president and the US returning to a constitutional republic. == Background and publication history == [[File:Revilo p oliver.jpg|alt=Black and white photo of Oliver|left|thumb|upright=.8|Oliver, pictured 1963]] The book was published in 1959 by [[The Bookmailer]].{{sfn|Michael|2010|p=150}} It was distributed by the [[John Birch Society]] (JBS), which contributed to its popularity.{{sfn|Michael|2010|p=150}}{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}} No author was listed for the book and it included no publishing information.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}}{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} The actual author is probably far-right activist [[Revilo P. Oliver]],{{sfn|Michael|2010|p=150}}{{sfn|McAlear|2009|p=195}} a founding member of the JBS and classics professor at the [[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]]; according to [[Jeffrey Kaplan (academic)|Jeffrey Kaplan]] his work was known for "dry intellectual prose". The book was edited by Harley N. Ogden, a professor at the same university as Oliver. Ogden is also a possible author.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}}{{sfn|McAlear|2009|p=195}}{{sfn|Morris|2017|p=38}} The introduction is credited to Ogden.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} Oliver had written at length about race and anti-Communism prior to the book's publication.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} The book was not a mainstream success.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=7}}{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=33}} Contemporaneously, it was criticized by the left while it was positively considered by the conservative ''[[National Review]]''. Its mainstream notice was however short lived.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=33}} It was withdrawn only a few years after its publication,{{sfn|Bell|2017|p=11}} and in 2017 was only available in archives and at extremely high online prices.{{sfn|Kaplan|2017|p=412}} Journalist [[Murray Kempton]] commented of the book that:{{sfn|Bell|2017|p=12}} {{Blockquote|text=This, of course, is the Bircher’s dream. America slides unresistingly into Communism; a few Mike Hammers find their rifles; and in five years the world is free. The Birch mind is only the Mickey Spillane mind. There is that lingering over and savoring of pure physical violence, the daydream of the disarmed. Reading The John Franklin Letters we can recognize Robert Welch’s voice. He is Charles Atlas saying to us again that we need only mail the letter and back will come the muscles which we will use to throw the bully off the beach and have the girl turn to us with eyes shining with the sudden knowledge of how special we are.}} At the time of the book's publication in the 1950s, there was a deep divide in the JBS over race. Most members viewed race as a distraction from what they thought was the true issue, fighting a worldwide communist conspiracy, but there was a separate contingent motivated more by racism. Antisemitism and racism were eventually disavowed by the JBS's leadership, which was against the racial faction, in the 1963 book ''The Neutralizers''.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} Members with more racist views exited and were eventually expelled.{{sfn|Kaplan|2017|p=412}} Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} == Legacy and analysis == [[File:The Turner Diaries cover, 1978, by Dennis Nix.jpg|alt=Black and red cover of The Turner Diaries. A man and woman, each holding a gun, hide out behind a wall, while two cops from a car labeled "equality police" look for them|thumb|upright=.8|1978 cover of ''[[The Turner Diaries]]'', which ''The John Franklin Letters'' inspired]] While it was not a mainstream success, ''The John Franklin Letters'' had a profound impact on the far-right.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=7}} The novel is seen as the first modern book in its genre;{{sfn|Michael|2010|p=150}} scholar Jeffrey Kaplan described it as "one of the earliest dystopian opuses to appear in the far right".{{sfn|Kaplan|2017|p=412}} The book, with its plot focusing on insurgency, contains actual advice on how to best be an insurgent and to resist the government. As a result, ''The John Franklin Letters'' acquired a reputation of being an insurgency how-to manual and inspired direct action to a degree unlike prior books like it.{{sfn|Berger|2016|pp=20, 24}} It inspired the creation of the anti-government militia the [[Minutemen (anti-Communist organization)|Minutemen]] and the [[Patriot movement]]. A short-lived paramilitary group also took its name from the Rangers in the novel.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=24}} It influenced the far right's usage of the cellular model of organization.{{sfn|Michael|2012|p=43}} In his authorized biography ''[[The Fame of a Dead Man's Deeds]]'',{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}} ''The John Franklin Letters'' was cited by [[William Luther Pierce]] as the most direct inspiration for his novel ''[[The Turner Diaries]]'',{{sfn|Berger|2016|pp=20, 24}} a book which has been linked to numerous acts of terrorism and murder.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=1}} Similar to ''The John Franklin Letters'', ''The Turner Diaries'' utilizes a framing device where the events are prefaced by an in-universe future historian, though the historian in ''The John Franklin Letters'' says he will "step aside" to let the reader judge on their own. Pierce said that he had been given this book by Revilo P. Oliver;{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}}{{sfn|McAlear|2009|p=195}} Oliver had recently written a review for Pierce's magazine ''[[Attack! (publication)|Attack!]]''. In a meeting (likely in late 1974), Pierce expressed to Oliver that he was having difficulty getting people to respond to his message. Oliver asked him if he had considered writing fiction, as the kinds of people who would appreciate Pierce's views just did not read the non-fiction material Pierce had previously written.{{sfn|McAlear|2009|p=195}} Pierce believed Oliver authored ''The John Franklin Letters''.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} It may have influenced [[Sam Greenlee]], who wrote ''[[The Spook Who Sat by the Door (novel)|The Spook Who Sat by the Door]]''.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=24}} The book focuses on some racist themes, mostly the fear whites will be genocided if they are no longer the majority, but is more focused on contemporaneous conservative issues of the time like communist infiltration and government overreach.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=7}}{{sfn|Michael|2010|pp=150–151}} Kaplan said that despite the preference for constitutionalism over race in the book, Oliver's racism was clear, but that it was "couched in the dogma of much of the radical right which saw Black people as indolent and somewhat malevolent, but essentially innocent pawns of the Jews."{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=7}} [[George Michael (professor)|George Michael]] called the ending of the novel, where a black man becomes president and this is portrayed in a positive light, ironic in light of its other racial grievances.{{sfn|Michael|2010|p=151}} Kaplan argued this was what separated ''The John Franklin Letters'' from ''The Turner Diaries'', with this signaling a disavowal of the segregationists in the John Birch Society.{{sfn|Kaplan|2017|p=412}} Oliver was one of the individuals expelled from the John Birch Society over his racist views.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} Drawing an analogy to the [[2016 United States presidential election]], Kaplan said that "In a sense, the domestic side of the story of the 2016 American presidential election metaphorically begins where ''The John Franklin Letters'' ended: with the election of a Black president".{{sfn|Kaplan|2017|p=412}} Kaplan also noted that, given his later views, "one assumes that Oliver eventually found that the racially harmonious denouement of ''The John Franklin Letters'' to be a bit of an embarrassment".{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=7}} Kaplan noted the book's "dogged faith in America and its Constitution" as contrasting with the views of later racist works of its ilk, as did its lack of "future millennial paradise".{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}} He further said it was "remarkable for the way it reflected the mood of the far right of the day", utilizing it as an example of a reformist mood of the 1950s far-right, compared to the 1970s apocalyptic ''Turner Diaries''.{{sfn|Kaplan|2000|pp=269–270}} [[J.M. Berger]] of the [[International Centre for Counter-Terrorism]] noted the book as "unabashedly right-wing in orientation" and "foremost a work of anti-Communist propaganda".{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}} The book assumes that communism is inherently fragile and inefficient, and with any determined resistance it can be overthrown.{{sfn|Kaplan|2018|p=6}}{{sfn|Bell|2017|pp=11–12}} He compared it to the book ''[[The Iron Heel]]'' in its explanation of its ideology, though in contrast to that work called it "admirably succinct" in doing so. Another comparison was drawn to ''[[Anticipations of the Future]]'', with both focusing on national level politics.{{sfn|Berger|2016|p=20}} Rob McAlear described it as "a straightforward tale of conservative resistance to what we would now call '[[New World Order conspiracy theory|The New World Order]]'." McAlear argued that it provided "the foundation" for ''The Turner Diaries'', and said its usage of "a new political timeline" stemming from initially real historical events was taken up by Pierce in that book.{{sfn|McAlear|2009|p=195}} == References == {{reflist}} === Works cited === {{refbegin|25em}} * {{Cite book |title=The Radical Right |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-7658-0749-6 |editor-last=Bell |editor-first=Daniel |edition=3rd |location=New Brunswick |language=en |chapter=The Dispossessed}} * {{Cite journal |last=Berger |first=J.M. |author-link=J.M. Berger |date=2016 |title=The Turner Legacy: The Storied Origins and Enduring Impact of White Nationalism's Deadly Bible |journal=[[International Centre for Counter-Terrorism]] |location=The Hague |language=en |volume=7 |issue=8 |doi=10.19165/2016.1.11 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book |title=Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right |title-link=Encyclopedia of White Power |publisher=[[AltaMira Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-7425-0340-3 |editor-last=Kaplan |editor-first=Jeffrey |editor-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) |location=Walnut Creek |pages=367–372 |language=en |chapter=Zionist Occupation Government (ZOG)}} * {{Cite journal |last=Kaplan |first=Jeffrey |author-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) |date=2017-05-04 |title=Red Dawn is Now: Race vs. Nation and the American Election |journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]] |language=en |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=411–424 |doi=10.1080/09546553.2017.1304759 |issn=0954-6553}} * {{Cite journal |last=Kaplan |first=Jeffrey |author-link=Jeffrey Kaplan (academic) |date=July 2018 |title=America's apocalyptic literature of the radical right |journal=[[International Sociology]] |language=en |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=503–522 |doi=10.1177/0268580918775583 |issn=0268-5809}} * {{Cite book |last=Morris |first=Travis |title=Dark Ideas: How Neo-Nazi and Violent Jihadi Ideologues Shaped Modern Terrorism |publisher=[[Lexington Books]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-7391-9105-7 |pages=25–42 |language=en |chapter=The Need to Weaponize Ideas: Anwar Al-Awlaki and William Pierce}} * {{Cite journal |last=McAlear |first=Rob |date=2009 |title=Hate, Narrative, and Propaganda in The Turner Diaries |journal=The Journal of American Culture |language=en |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=192–202 |doi=10.1111/j.1542-734X.2009.00710.x |issn=1542-734X}} * {{Cite journal |last=Michael |first=George |author-link=George Michael (professor) |date=2010-01-21 |title=Blueprints and Fantasies: A Review and Analysis of Extremist Fiction |journal=[[Studies in Conflict & Terrorism]] |language=en |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=149–170 |doi=10.1080/10576100903488451 |issn=1057-610X}} * {{Cite book |last=Michael |first=George |author-link=George Michael (professor) |title=Lone Wolf Terror and the Rise of Leaderless Resistance |publisher=[[Vanderbilt University Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-8265-1855-2 |location=Nashville |pages=29–59 |language=en |chapter=Leaderless Resistance and the Extreme Right}} {{refend}} {{DEFAULTSORT:John Franklin Letters, The}} [[Category:1959 American novels]] [[Category:American political novels]] [[Category:Books critical of communism]] [[Category:Conspiracist books]] [[Category:Dystopian novels]] [[Category:Epistolary novels]] [[Category:English-language novels]] [[Category:Second American Civil War speculative fiction]] [[Category:Works published anonymously]]

1,300,396,699

[{"title": "The John Franklin Letters", "data": {"Author": "Anonymous (probably Revilo P. Oliver)", "Language": "English", "Genre": "Dystopian fiction", "Publisher": "The Bookmailer", "Publication date": "1959", "Publication place": "United States", "Pages": "178", "OCLC": "1060810"}}]

false

# Outside the Gates Outside the Gates is a 1915 American silent fantasy film directed by Joe De Grasse and featuring Lon Chaney and Pauline Bush. It is thought to have been scripted by Ida May Park (De Grasse's wife). The film is now considered to be lost. ## Plot Sister Ursula is a nun in a convent in Southern Spain. One day, while the peddler Perez (Lon Chaney) comes to the convent to sell his wares, she sees Manuel, a handsome cavalier, riding by and she cannot suppress her attraction to him. Perez sells the Abbess a beautiful length of fabric for an altar cloth, but when Ursula is putting it away, she cannot resist the temptation to cover herself in the cloth and admire her own beauty. Coming to her senses, she runs to the Abbess to confess her sins. Her penance is to kneel in vigil before the altar all night long, but during the night she falls asleep. She dreams that Perez tempts her to leave the convent with him by saying he will bring her to Manuel. Ursula travels with Perez while disguised as a boy, and they come upon a group of thieves in the forest who attack and imprison Manuel when he rides near their camp. With the help of Perez, Ursula drugs the thieves on guard duty and the two help Manuel to escape. The trio comes upon a troupe of dancing girls, who think Ursula is really a young boy and tease her for being shy. Carmela, one of the dancers, attempts to win Manuel's favor, and when he ignores her advances, she attacks him with a knife. Ursula steps in her path and is stabbed in the arm. While tending to Ursula's wound, Manuel discovers she is actually a nun. The dancing girls plan a feast for Ursula, but Carmela denounces her as a fallen nun. They all attack her and brutally beat her for her sins. Suddenly Ursula wakes up on the altar with the Abbess beside her, and realizes it was all just a bad dream. She never really left the convent at all. Ursula and the Abbess pray together for her forgiveness. ## Cast - Pauline Bush as Sister Ursula - Lon Chaney as Perez, the peddler - William C. Dowlan as Manuel, a cavalier - Helen Wright as the Abbess - Carmen Phillips as Carmela, a dancing girl ## Reception "One of Joseph De Grasse's productions in which the writer evidently put a lot of thought, but some of the actions of the characters will be more apt to strike the spectator as humorous than serious. However, the story is very well constructed and contains some psychological ideas which will make people think twice. The scenes in the convent are beautiful and the rest are almost equally artistic. William Dowlan is a chevalier and Lon Chaney gets in some fine character work as the peddler." ---Motion Picture News

enwiki/18092162

enwiki

18,092,162

Outside the Gates

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outside_the_Gates

2025-06-08T18:51:52Z

en

Q7112991

25,578

{{short description|1915 film}} {{Use American English|date=January 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}} {{Infobox film | name = Outside the Gates | image = | caption = | director = [[Joe De Grasse]] | producer = Rex Motion Picture Co. | writer = Ida May Park<ref>{{cite web|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html|title=Outside the Gates|last=Mirsalis|first=Jon C.|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> | starring = [[Lon Chaney]] [[Pauline Bush (actress)|Pauline Bush]] | cinematography = | editing = | distributor = [[Universal Pictures]] | released = {{Film date|1915|03|14}} | runtime = 2 reels (20 minutes) | country = United States | language = Silent with English intertitles }} '''''Outside the Gates''''' is a 1915 American [[silent film|silent]] [[fantasy film]] directed by [[Joe De Grasse]] and featuring [[Lon Chaney]] and Pauline Bush. It is thought to have been scripted by Ida May Park (De Grasse's wife).<ref>{{cite web|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html|title=Outside the Gates|last=Mirsalis|first=Jon C.|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> The film is now considered to be [[lost film|lost]].<ref name="silentera">{{cite web |url=http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/O/OutsidetheGates1915.html |title=Silent Era: Outside the Gates |access-date=June 23, 2008|work=silentera}}</ref> ==Plot== Sister Ursula is a nun in a convent in Southern Spain. One day, while the peddler Perez (Lon Chaney) comes to the convent to sell his wares, she sees Manuel, a handsome cavalier, riding by and she cannot suppress her attraction to him. Perez sells the Abbess a beautiful length of fabric for an altar cloth, but when Ursula is putting it away, she cannot resist the temptation to cover herself in the cloth and admire her own beauty. Coming to her senses, she runs to the Abbess to confess her sins. Her penance is to kneel in vigil before the altar all night long, but during the night she falls asleep. She dreams that Perez tempts her to leave the convent with him by saying he will bring her to Manuel. Ursula travels with Perez while disguised as a boy, and they come upon a group of thieves in the forest who attack and imprison Manuel when he rides near their camp. With the help of Perez, Ursula drugs the thieves on guard duty and the two help Manuel to escape. The trio comes upon a troupe of dancing girls, who think Ursula is really a young boy and tease her for being shy. Carmela, one of the dancers, attempts to win Manuel's favor, and when he ignores her advances, she attacks him with a knife. Ursula steps in her path and is stabbed in the arm. While tending to Ursula's wound, Manuel discovers she is actually a nun. The dancing girls plan a feast for Ursula, but Carmela denounces her as a fallen nun. They all attack her and brutally beat her for her sins. Suddenly Ursula wakes up on the altar with the Abbess beside her, and realizes it was all just a bad dream. She never really left the convent at all. Ursula and the Abbess pray together for her forgiveness. ==Cast== * [[Pauline Bush (actress)|Pauline Bush]] as Sister Ursula * [[Lon Chaney]] as Perez, the peddler * [[William C. Dowlan]] as Manuel, a cavalier * Helen Wright as the Abbess * [[Carmen Phillips]] as Carmela, a dancing girl ==Reception== "One of Joseph De Grasse's productions in which the writer evidently put a lot of thought, but some of the actions of the characters will be more apt to strike the spectator as humorous than serious. However, the story is very well constructed and contains some psychological ideas which will make people think twice. The scenes in the convent are beautiful and the rest are almost equally artistic. William Dowlan is a chevalier and Lon Chaney gets in some fine character work as the peddler." ---Motion Picture News<ref>{{cite web|url= http://lonchaney.org/filmography/48.html|title=Outside the Gates|last=Mirsalis|first=Jon C.|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=Lonchaney.org}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb title|id=0005855|title=Outside the Gates}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Outside the Gates}} [[Category:1915 films]] [[Category:1915 short films]] [[Category:American silent short films]] [[Category:American black-and-white films]] [[Category:1910s fantasy films]] [[Category:Lost silent American films]] [[Category:Films directed by Joseph De Grasse]] [[Category:Universal Pictures short films]] [[Category:Silent American fantasy films]] [[Category:1915 lost films]] [[Category:Lost fantasy films]] [[Category:1910s American films]] [[Category:1910s English-language films]] [[Category:English-language short films]] [[Category:English-language fantasy films]]

1,294,605,959

[{"title": "Outside the Gates", "data": {"Directed by": "Joe De Grasse", "Written by": "Ida May Park", "Produced by": "Rex Motion Picture Co.", "Starring": "Lon Chaney \u00b7 Pauline Bush", "Distributed by": "Universal Pictures", "Release date": "- March 14, 1915", "Running time": "2 reels (20 minutes)", "Country": "United States", "Language": "Silent with English intertitles"}}]

false

# Osgoode Hall Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original 2+1⁄2-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode, the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada (now the province of Ontario). It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as Osgoode Hall Law School in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time. The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian Palladian and Neoclassical styles. It currently houses the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Divisional Court of the Superior Court of Justice, the offices of the Law Society of Ontario and the Great Library of the Law Society. ## History The 6-acre (2.4 ha) site at the corner of Lot Street (Queen Street West today) and College Avenue (University Avenue today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828. At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as Nathan Phillips Square now lies to the east. The portico of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a terminating vista, though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at York University), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent Osgoode subway station. Between the rebellions taking place in 1837-8 until 1843, the hall was used as troop barracks. When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by Henry Bowyer Lane; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings. In 1846, the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's Superior Court at the hall. Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the Government of Ontario. From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school. The building was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1979, and by the City of Toronto under the Ontario Heritage Act in 1990. ## Design Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late Palladian style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep livestock out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates. The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle. Two libraries are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the Law Society of Ontario and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate plaster ceiling, cork floors, an iron spiral staircase and etched glass windows. A War Memorial by Frances Loring (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the First World War. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a spiral staircase. The Toronto Courthouse at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting tunnel. - Sculpture inside the hall - Osgoode Hall Dining Room - Hall Rooms - Hall lobby - Level 2 Courtroom - American Room

enwiki/1061249

enwiki

1,061,249

Osgoode Hall

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osgoode_Hall

2025-06-29T22:29:55Z

en

Q3357219

194,751

{{Short description|Building in Toronto}} {{For|the law school|Osgoode Hall Law School}} {{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}} {{Infobox building | name = Osgoode Hall | image = Historic building in downtown Toronto on an early snowy morning. Ontario courthouse. (25129051345).jpg | image_size = | image_alt =  | image_caption = Osgoode Hall was designed in a late-Palladian style. | map_type = | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | map_dot_label = | map_dot_mark = | relief = | former_names = | alternate_names = | etymology = | status = complete | building_type = [[Office building]] and [[courthouse]] | architectural_style = [[Palladian architecture#North American Palladian architecture|Palladian]], [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] | address = 130 [[Queen Street, Toronto|Queen Street]] West | location_city = [[Toronto]], Ontario | location_country = Canada | coordinates = {{coord|43|39|08|N|79|23|08|W|region:CA-ON_scale:2500|display=inline,title}} | current_tenants = {{ubl| * [[Law Society of Ontario]]; * [[Court of Appeal for Ontario|Ontario Court of Appeal]]; * [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice]]}} | namesake = [[William Osgoode]] | start_date = 1829 | completion_date = 1832 | renovation_date = | cost = | ren_cost = | owner = {{ubl| * [[Law Society of Ontario]] & * [[Government of Ontario]] }} | size = | floor_count = 3 | floor_area = | grounds_area = {{convert|6|acre|ha}} | architect = [[John Ewart (architect)|John Ewart]] and [[William Warren Baldwin]] | architecture_firm = | ren_architect = | ren_firm = | ren_engineer = | ren_str_engineer = | ren_serv_engineer = | ren_civ_engineer = | ren_oth_designers = | ren_qty_surveyor = | ren_contractor = | ren_awards = | rooms =  | website =  | public_transit = {{rint|toronto|1}} [[Osgoode station]] | embedded = {{designation list|embed=yes|designation1=Canada|designation1_date=1979|designation2=Ontario|designation2_date=1990}} | references = | footnotes = }} '''Osgoode Hall''' is a landmark building in [[downtown Toronto]], Ontario, Canada. The original {{frac|2|1|2}}-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by [[John Ewart (architect)|John Ewart]] and [[William Warren Baldwin]]. The structure is named for [[William Osgoode]],<ref>{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aNowAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Wd8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=7069%2C5933544 | title=Courageous settlers first located in Carleton back in 1818 | work=Ottawa Citizen | date=Apr 28, 1953 | access-date=2 December 2015 | pages=A20}}</ref> the first [[Chief Justice of Upper Canada]] (now the [[Canadian province|province]] of Ontario).<ref>http://www.heritagefdn.on.ca/userfiles/HTML/nts_1_6190_1.html Ontario Heritage Trust Osgoode Hall</ref> It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as [[Osgoode Hall Law School]] in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/about/history/|title=History}}</ref> The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian [[Palladian architecture|Palladian]] and [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] styles. It currently houses the [[Court of Appeal for Ontario|Ontario Court of Appeal]], the Divisional Court of the [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice|Superior Court of Justice]], the offices of the [[Law Society of Ontario]] and the Great Library of [[Law Society of Ontario|the Law Society]]. ==History== [[File:Toronto OsgoodeHall 1856.jpg|thumb|left|Osgoode Hall in 1856; the building was expanded from 1855 to 1857.]] The {{convert|6|acre|ha|adj=on}} site at the corner of Lot Street ([[Queen Street West]] today) and College Avenue ([[University Avenue (Toronto)|University Avenue]] today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828.<ref name = "ridell">William Renwick Ridell, [http://www.erudit.org/revue/ram/1922/v1/n1/300007ar.pdf "Osgoode Hall"], Report of the Annual Meeting, Canadian Historical Association, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1922.</ref> At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as [[Nathan Phillips Square]] now lies to the east. The [[portico]] of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a [[terminating vista]], though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at [[York University]]), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent [[Osgoode (TTC)|Osgoode subway station]]. Between [[Rebellions of 1837|the rebellions taking place in 1837-8]] until 1843, the hall was used as troop [[barracks]].<ref name = "ridell"/> When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by [[Henry Bowyer Lane]]; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings.<ref name = "ridell"/> In 1846, the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's [[Superior Court]] at the hall.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osgoode Hall {{!}} Law Society of Ontario |url=https://lso.ca/about-lso/osgoode-hall-and-ontario-legal-heritage/osgoode-hall |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=lso.ca}}</ref> Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the [[Government of Ontario]]. From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school. The building was designated a [[National Historic Sites of Canada|National Historic Site of Canada]] in 1979,<ref>{{DFHD|549|Osgoode Hall|22 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{CRHP|4258|Osgoode Hall|22 August 2012}}</ref> and by the City of Toronto under the ''[[Ontario Heritage Act]]'' in 1990.<ref>[http://secure.toronto.ca/HeritagePreservation/details.do?folderRsn=2438792&propertyRsn=218293 130 Queen Street West], Toronto Inventory of Heritage Properties</ref> ==Design== [[File:WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9336.jpg|thumb|Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm]] [[File:Iron Gates-Osgoode Hall National Historic Site of Canada-Toronto-Ontario-HPC4258-20221201.jpg|thumb|The iron gates of Osgoode Hall]] [[File:Osgoode Hall stairs for the members 2023.jpg|thumb|Stairs for the members]] Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late [[Palladian architecture|Palladian]] style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep [[livestock]] out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates.<ref>[http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/osgoode/execution.aspx The Execution]. ''Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark''. Archives of Ontario. Retrieved 2019-01-29.</ref> The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle.<ref>[http://www.lostrivers.ca/points/osgoode.htm Osgoode Hall]. ''Lost Rivers''. Retrieved 2008-03-06.</ref><ref>Law, Susan. [http://www.osgoodehall.com/fence.html "Osgoode Hall Fence"]. ''Osgoode Hall'' (website). (Accessed 21 June 2007).</ref> Two [[library|libraries]] are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the [[Law Society of Ontario]] and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate [[plaster]] ceiling, [[Flooring#Resilient flooring|cork]] floors, an [[Stairs#Spiral and helical stairs|iron spiral staircase]] and [[etched glass]] windows. A War Memorial by [[Frances Loring]] (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the [[First World War]]. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a [[spiral staircase]]. The [[Toronto Courthouse]] at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting [[tunnel]]. <gallery> Sculpture inside Osgoode Hall 2023.jpg|Sculpture inside the hall WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9357.jpg|Osgoode Hall Dining Room One of Osgoode Hall Rooms.jpg|Hall Rooms Interior view, Osgoode Hall - Toronto, Canada - DSC00471.jpg|Hall lobby Osgoode Hall Level 2 Courtroom Interior 2023.jpg|Level 2 Courtroom WLM-CA-2018-Toronto-Osgoode Hall-9329.jpg|American Room </gallery> ==See also== *[[List of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto]] ==Notes== {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Osgoode Hall}} * [https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/osgoode/index.aspx Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark] Web exhibit at the Archives of Ontario *[http://www.osgoodehall.com/ Susan Law's personal Osgoode Hall] main site *[http://www.lsuc.on.ca/audio-tours/ Audio Tours of Osgoode Hall] from the Law Society of Upper Canada website. *[http://www.lsuc.on.ca/about/about_visual_en.jsp Visual Tour of Osgoode Hall] from the Law Society of Upper Canada website. *{{CRHP|4258|Osgoode Hall National Historic Site of Canada}} *[http://www.museumsontario.ca/museum/Osgoode-Hall--The-Law-Society Information on Osgoode Hall tours and other heritage programs] on the Discover Ontario Museums website. {{Toronto landmarks}} {{Ontario parks}} {{NHSC}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1832]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Toronto]] [[Category:Courthouses in Canada]] [[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Canada]] [[Category:Terminating vistas in Canada]] [[Category:Palladian Revival architecture in Canada]] [[Category:Osgoode Hall Law School]] [[Category:Court of Appeal for Ontario]] [[Category:National Historic Sites in Ontario]] [[Category:City of Toronto Heritage Properties]] [[Category:1832 establishments in Upper Canada]]

1,298,000,426

[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Status": "Completed", "Type": "Office building and courthouse", "Architectural style": "Palladian, Neoclassical", "Address": "130 Queen Street West", "Town or city": "Toronto, Ontario", "Country": "Canada", "Coordinates": "43\u00b039\u203208\u2033N 79\u00b023\u203208\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff43.65222\u00b0N 79.38556\u00b0W", "Current tenants": "- - Law Society of Ontario; - Ontario Court of Appeal; - Ontario Superior Court of Justice", "Named for": "William Osgoode", "Construction started": "1829", "Completed": "1832", "Owner": "- - Law Society of Ontario & - Government of Ontario"}}, {"title": "Technical details", "data": {"Floor count": "3", "Grounds": "6 acres (2.4 ha)"}}, {"title": "Design and construction", "data": {"Architect(s)": "John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Public transit access": "Osgoode station"}}, {"title": "National Historic Site of Canada", "data": {"Designated": "1979"}}, {"title": "Ontario Heritage Act", "data": {"Designated": "1990"}}]

false

# David Ramage David Ramage (born 25 June 1939) is an Australian former rower. He was a five time national champion who won a Commonwealth Games silver medal and competed at two Olympic Games. He still won gold medals at World Masters Championships in 2015. ## Club and state rowing Ramage was educated and introduced to rowing at Geelong College. He rowed in that school's first VIIIs in 1956 and 1957 to victory both years at the Victorian schools Head of the River. His senior club rowing was from the Corio Bay Rowing Club and later the Banks Rowing Club in Melbourne. At Corio Bay he rowed in a club coxed four which was undefeated in thirty-two consecutive starts throughout the racing seasons from 1960 to 1962 including Victorian and New South Wales state championship titles. At the inaugural Australian Rowing Championships of 1962 he stroked that Corio Bay crew to the Australian coxed four championship title. Ramage was selected in Victorian men's eights which contested the King's Cup at the Interstate Regatta within the Australian Rowing Championships in 1963, 1964, 1965 and 1969. Those Victorian eights won the King's Cup in 1963, 1964 and 1969. Ramage had been rowing in Victorian and Australian representative eights with Paul Guest from 1963. In 1967 they teamed up as a coxless pair and began rowing from Melbourne's Banks Rowing Club. They would become one of the finest pair oared crews Australia has ever produced. In both years of 1967 and 1968 they won the Victorian state and the New South Wales state titles. In 1968 they won the Australian national title. ## International representative rowing The Australian champion Corio Bay crew of 1962 was selected as the Australian coxed four to contest the 1962 Commonwealth Games. Ramage stroked that crew to a silver medal win at the Commonwealth Games in Perth. They were selected to contest the 1962 World Rowing Championships in Lucerne but were unable to travel. For the 1964 Tokyo Olympics that year's winning Victorian King's Cup eight was selected in toto. The Australian squad took a new Sargent & Burton eight with them to the Olympics but quickly saw that its design and technology were way behind the European built Donoratico and Stampfli shells used by the other nations. They raced in a borrowed Donoratico eight for the B final and finished in overall eighth place in the Olympic regatta with Ramage in the four seat. The same selection criteria were used for the 2nd World Rowing Championships - those held at Bled in 1966. The Victorian King's Cup crew of 1966 were selected as the Australian eight and with Ramage at bow they rowed to a tenth placing in Bled. As the national coxless pair champions of 1968 Ramage and Guest were selected as Australia's pair entrants for the 1968 Mexico Olympics. In the course of the semi-final, when leading the field a short distance from the finish, Ramage suffered acute oxygen loss from the high-altitude venue and, they were overrun on the line. The missed out on the final and ultimately won their B final in a time 6 seconds faster than the gold medal-winning East Germans. ## Coaching and Masters rowing Ramage coached Geelong College schoolboy crews from 1973 to 1978 and later from 1989 to 1991. He took them to victories in the Victorian schools Head of the River in 1976 and 1990 and to an Australian Championships schoolboy title and Interstate Regatta youth eight win (as the state selected Victorian crew) in 1975. From 2009 to 2015 Ramage rowed competitively at Masters Regattas in crews with Paul Guest. At the 2015 World Rowing Masters Regatta, they won four gold medals.

enwiki/50234986

enwiki

50,234,986

David Ramage

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ramage

2025-06-27T11:05:12Z

en

Q24005832

41,968

{{short description|Australian rower}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2016}} {{Infobox sportsperson | name = David Barton Ramage | image = | image_size = | caption = | education = [[Geelong College]] | headercolor = silver | club = Corio Bay Rowing Club Banks Rowing Club | nationals = King's Cup 1963-65, 1969 | olympics = B Final Tokyo 1964 B Final Mexico 1968 | nationality = Australian | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1939|6|25|df=yes}} | birth_place = | height_ft = 5 | height_in = 10.5 | weight = 181 lb | show-medals = yes | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport| Men's [[Rowing (sport)|rowing]]}} {{MedalCountry|[[Australia]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Commonwealth Games]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games|1962 Perth]]|[[1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games#Rowing|Men's Coxed Four]]}} }} '''David Ramage''' (born 25 June 1939) is an Australian former [[Rowing (sport)|rower]]. He was a five time national champion who won a Commonwealth Games silver medal and competed at two [[Rowing at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]].<ref>{{cite sports-reference|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/david-ramage-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091258/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/david-ramage-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-04-18}}</ref> He still won gold medals at World Masters Championships in 2015. ==Club and state rowing== Ramage was educated and introduced to rowing at [[Geelong College]]. He rowed in that school's first VIIIs in 1956 and 1957 to victory both years at the Victorian schools Head of the River.<ref name="AusCareer">{{Cite web |url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/rowing-associations/victoria/appendix9-19.php#Ramage |title=Ramage Profile at Guerin Foster |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421233125/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/rowing-associations/victoria/appendix9-19.php#Ramage |archive-date=21 April 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His senior club rowing was from the Corio Bay Rowing Club and later the Banks Rowing Club in Melbourne. At Corio Bay he rowed in a club coxed four which was undefeated in thirty-two consecutive starts throughout the racing seasons from 1960 to 1962 including Victorian and New South Wales state championship titles.<ref name="AusCareer" /> At the inaugural [[Australian Rowing Championships]] of 1962 he stroked that Corio Bay crew to the Australian coxed four championship title.<ref>[http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/national-championships/1962.html#m4c 1962 Australian Championships]</ref> Ramage was selected in Victorian men's eights which contested the [[King's Cup (rowing)|King's Cup]] at the Interstate Regatta within the [[Australian Rowing Championships]] in 1963, 1964, 1965 and 1969.<ref name="AusCareer" /> Those Victorian eights won the [[King's Cup (rowing)|King's Cup]] in 1963, 1964 and 1969.<ref name="AusCareer" /> Ramage had been rowing in Victorian and Australian representative eights with [[Paul Guest (rower)|Paul Guest]] from 1963. In 1967 they teamed up as a coxless pair and began rowing from Melbourne's Banks Rowing Club. They would become one of the finest pair oared crews Australia has ever produced.<ref name="AusCareer" /> In both years of 1967 and 1968 they won the Victorian state and the New South Wales state titles. In 1968 they won the Australian national title.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==International representative rowing== The Australian champion Corio Bay crew of 1962 was selected as the Australian coxed four to contest the [[1962 Commonwealth Games]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.commonwealthgames.org.au/results/person/1085.htm|title=Commonwealth Games results|access-date=19 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313130809/http://commonwealthgames.org.au/results/person/1085.htm|archive-date=13 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ramage stroked that crew to a silver medal win at the Commonwealth Games in Perth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/commonwealth-games/1962-Perth.php |title=1962 Commonwealth Games |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725183734/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/commonwealth-games/1962-Perth.php |archive-date=25 July 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> They were selected to contest the [[1962 World Rowing Championships]] in Lucerne but were unable to travel.<ref name="AusCareer" /> For the [[1964 Summer Olympics|1964 Tokyo Olympics]] that year's winning Victorian King's Cup eight was selected in toto. The Australian squad took a new Sargent & Burton eight with them to the Olympics but quickly saw that its design and technology were way behind the European built Donoratico and Stampfli shells used by the other nations. They raced in a borrowed Donoratico eight for the B final and finished in overall eighth place in the Olympic regatta with Ramage in the four seat.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/olympic-games/1964-Tokyo.php |title=1964 Olympics |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724183540/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/olympic-games/1964-Tokyo.php |archive-date=24 July 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The same selection criteria were used for the [[1966 World Rowing Championships|2nd World Rowing Championships]] - those held at Bled in 1966. The Victorian King's Cup crew of 1966 were selected as the Australian eight and with Ramage at bow they rowed to a tenth placing in Bled.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/world-championships/1966-Bled.html |title=1966 World Championships |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021193904/http://www.rowinghistory-aus.info/world-championships/1966-Bled.html |archive-date=21 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As the national coxless pair champions of 1968 Ramage and Guest were selected as Australia's pair entrants for the [[1968 Summer Olympics|1968 Mexico Olympics]].<ref name="AusCareer" /> In the course of the semi-final, when leading the field a short distance from the finish, Ramage suffered acute oxygen loss from the high-altitude venue and, they were overrun on the line. The missed out on the final and ultimately won their B final in a time 6 seconds faster than the gold medal-winning East Germans.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==Coaching and Masters rowing== Ramage coached [[Geelong College]] schoolboy crews from 1973 to 1978 and later from 1989 to 1991. He took them to victories in the Victorian schools Head of the River in 1976 and 1990 and to an Australian Championships schoolboy title and Interstate Regatta youth eight win (as the state selected Victorian crew) in 1975.<ref name="AusCareer" /> From 2009 to 2015 Ramage rowed competitively at Masters Regattas in crews with Paul Guest. At the 2015 World Rowing Masters Regatta, they won four gold medals.<ref name="AusCareer" /> ==References== {{reflist|30em}} * {{FISA|26288|David Ramage}} ==External links== *[http://corporate.olympics.com.au/0F848831-5330-4B9A-B4C7B6C9B7674E5D Profile] at Australian Olympic Committee {{DEFAULTSORT:Ramage, David}} [[Category:1939 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Australian male rowers]] [[Category:Olympic rowers for Australia]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1964 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1968 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Rowers at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists in rowing]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games rowers for Australia]] [[Category:People educated at Geelong College]] [[Category:Medallists at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]] [[Category:20th-century Australian sportsmen]]

1,297,620,448

[{"title": "David Barton Ramage", "data": {"Nationality": "Australian", "Born": "25 June 1939", "Education": "Geelong College", "Height": "5 ft 10.5 in (179 cm)", "Weight": "181 lb (82 kg)"}}, {"title": "Sport", "data": {"Club": "Corio Bay Rowing Club \u00b7 Banks Rowing Club"}}, {"title": "Achievements and titles", "data": {"Olympic finals": "B Final Tokyo 1964 \u00b7 B Final Mexico 1968", "National finals": "King's Cup 1963-65, 1969"}}, {"title": "Commonwealth Games", "data": {"Silver medal \u2013 second place": "1962 Perth \u00b7 Men's Coxed Four"}}]

false

# Ulrich Mohr Ulrich Mohr was a German naval officer and the adjutant (first officer) on the Kriegsmarine auxiliary cruiser Atlantis during the Second World War, where one of his functions was to board captured ships and search for secret papers that might be of use to the German war effort. In November 1940, Atlantis captured the merchant ship Automedon, and Mohr led the search party that found a secret British report that revealed that they would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaya if they were attacked by the Japanese. The captain of Atlantis, Bernhard Rogge, sent the documents to his superiors who gave a summary to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the knowledge of the weak British defences in Asia may have emboldened the Japanese to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of Atlantis titled Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis, and in 1955 he published Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider in conjunction with Arthur Sellwood. ## Early life Ulrich Mohr's father was an officer in the German navy. In his early life, Ulrich travelled to Japan, China, and the United States, so that he spoke English with an American accent. He earned the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ## Military career Mohr's early military career was in minesweeping, but he used his father's connections to get a transfer to something more adventurous. That was the German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis (Ship 16), a merchant raider captained by Bernhard Rogge, on which Mohr took up the position of adjutant (first officer) to replace a professor of the history of art whom Rogge thought better suited to duties on dry land. Mohr served on Atlantis for the whole of her time at sea since leaving Germany in March 1940 until she was sunk in November 1941, during which time she sank or captured 22 Allied ships and travelled 112,500 miles (181,100 km) without putting into port. It was part of Mohr's duties to board captured vessels and recover documents such as dispatches and code books that might assist the German war effort. Among the ships he boarded were Scientist; City of Bagdad, where he found Captain White in his cabin attempting to destroy documents; and Ole Jakob, which he approached on Atlantis's boat disguised in a British navy uniform. In November 1940, he boarded the merchant ship Automedon on which he was met by the first mate, all the officers having been killed or injured on the bridge by a shell from Atlantis before they could destroy confidential documents. The survivors were unable to throw the documents overboard as the key to the strong room had been lost in the shelling. The documents were eventually found by the Germans and included a secret British report stating that Britain would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaya, and other interests in Asia if Japan were to attack them. Captain Rogge forwarded the documents to the German embassy in Tokyo who sent them to Berlin where a summary was communicated to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the revelation to the Japanese of the weak state of British military power in Asia may have emboldened them to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In November 1941, Atlantis was attacked by the British ship HMS Devonshire in the Atlantic and scuttled by her crew after she caught fire. Devonshire did not stop to pick up survivors due to the threat of U-boats in the area. Mohr and the crew eventually made it home after two rescues were launched from Germany using U-boats and surface craft. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of Atlantis titled Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis. Towards the end of the war, he helped to arrange the surrender of Kiel and was a liaison officer between the British and German navies during the disarmament period. ## Post-war life In 1955, Mohr published Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider in conjunction with Arthur Sellwood. The book was published in the United States in 1956 under the title Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis and reprinted with that title in the United Kingdom by Amberley Publishing in 2008. ## Publications - Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis. Verlag die Heimbücherei John Jahr, Berlin, 1944. - Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider. Werner Laurie, London, 1955. (With A. V. Sellwood) - Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis. John Day, New York, 1956. (Reprinted by Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2008. ISBN 9781848681156)

enwiki/63124922

enwiki

63,124,922

Ulrich Mohr

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich_Mohr

2024-07-29T05:10:08Z

en

Q85811785

55,072

{{short description|German naval officer}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} {{Infobox person | name = Ulrich Mohr | image = Ulrich Mohr 1940.jpg | caption = Ulrich Mohr in 1940 | birth_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | nationality = German | education = | alma mater = | occupation = ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' officer | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | known for = * Service on the {{ship|German auxiliary cruiser|Atlantis}} during the Second World War * Joint author of ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' (1955) | boards = | spouse = | children = | parents = | relations = | website = }} '''Ulrich Mohr''' was a German naval officer and the [[adjutant]] (first officer) on the ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' auxiliary cruiser {{ship|German auxiliary cruiser|Atlantis||2}} during the Second World War, where one of his functions was to board captured ships and search for secret papers that might be of use to the German war effort. In November 1940, ''Atlantis'' captured the merchant ship ''Automedon'', and Mohr led the search party that found a secret British report that revealed that they would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaya if they were attacked by the Japanese. The captain of ''Atlantis'', [[Bernhard Rogge (Naval officer)|Bernhard Rogge]], sent the documents to his superiors who gave a summary to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the knowledge of the weak British defences in Asia may have emboldened the Japanese to invade Singapore and played a part in the development of the war in the Pacific. In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of ''Atlantis'' titled ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis'', and in 1955 he published ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' in conjunction with [[Arthur Sellwood]]. ==Early life== Ulrich Mohr's father was an officer in the German navy. In his early life, Ulrich travelled to Japan, China, and the United States,<ref name="Mohr"/> so that he spoke English with an American accent.<ref name="Duffy">{{cite book|author=Duffy, James P.|title=Hitler's Secret Pirate Fleet: The Deadliest Ships of World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA16|year=2005|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|location=Lincoln|isbn=0-8032-6652-9|page=16}}</ref> He earned the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.<ref name="Mohr">{{cite book|author=Mohr, Ulrich, & Arthur V. Sellwood.|title=Ship 16: The Story of a German Surface Raider|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=htfLF3BQPxkC&pg=PA26|year=2008|publisher=Amberley Publishing|location=Stroud|isbn=978-1-84868-115-6|page=26}}</ref> ==Military career== [[File:German raider Atlantis as Tamesis.jpg|thumb|''Atlantis'' disguised as ''Tamesis'', 1940.<ref>[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/306310/ Starboard Bow View of the German Auxiliary Cruiser Atlantis (Raider No 16).] Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref>]] [[File:City of Bagdad.jpg|thumb|''City of Bagdad'']] [[File:Sinking of the British ship Kemmendine, 1940.jpg|thumb|The destruction of the British ship {{ship||Kemmendine|ship|2}} by ''Atlantis'', July 1940.<ref>[https://www.wrecksite.eu/imgBrowser.aspx?74379# Kemmendine SS (+1940)], wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 11 February 2020.</ref>]] Mohr's early military career was in [[minesweeping]], but he used his father's connections to get a transfer to something more adventurous. That was the German auxiliary cruiser {{ship|German auxiliary cruiser|Atlantis||2}} (Ship 16), a [[merchant raider]] captained by [[Bernhard Rogge (Naval officer)|Bernhard Rogge]], on which Mohr took up the position of adjutant (first officer) to replace a professor of the history of art whom Rogge thought better suited to duties on dry land.<ref name="Mohr"/> Mohr served on ''Atlantis'' for the whole of her time at sea since leaving Germany in March 1940 until she was sunk in November 1941, during which time she sank or captured 22 [[Allied Powers (World War II)|Allied]] ships and travelled {{convert|112,500|mi}} without putting into port.<ref name="Duffy, p. 22">[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA22 Duffy, p. 22.]</ref><ref name="Mall">{{cite book|author=Mallmann Showell, Jak P.|title=Hitler's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Kriegsmarine 1935-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_NDBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128|year=2009|publisher=Seaforth|location=Barnsley|isbn=978-1-84832-020-8|pages=128–129}}</ref> It was part of Mohr's duties to board captured vessels and recover documents such as dispatches and code books that might assist the German war effort.<ref name=duffy12/> Among the ships he boarded were {{ship||Scientist|ship|2}};<ref name=duffy12>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA12 Duffy, p. 12.]</ref> {{ship||City of Bagdad|ship|2}}, where he found Captain White in his cabin attempting to destroy documents;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA15 Duffy, p. 15.]</ref> and {{ship||Ole Jakob|ship|2}}, which he approached on ''Atlantis''{{'}}s boat disguised in a British navy uniform.<ref name="Duffy, p. 22"/> In November 1940, he boarded the merchant ship {{SS|Automedon||2}}<ref name="Seki">{{cite book|author=Seki, Eiji.|title=Mrs Ferguson's Tea-set, Japan and the Second World War: The Global Consequences following Germany's Sinking of the SS Automedon in 1940|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_V5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17|year=2006|publisher=Global Oriental|location=Folkestone|isbn=978-90-04-21353-1|page=17}}</ref> on which he was met by the [[first mate]], all the officers having been killed or injured on the bridge by a shell from ''Atlantis'' before they could destroy confidential documents. The survivors were unable to throw the documents overboard as the key to the strong room had been lost in the shelling.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u_V5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA62 Seki, p. 62.]</ref> The documents were eventually found by the Germans and included a secret British report stating that Britain would not be able to hold Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaya, and other interests in Asia if Japan were to attack them. Captain Rogge forwarded the documents to the German embassy in Tokyo who sent them to Berlin where a summary was communicated to the Japanese. Historians have speculated that the revelation to the Japanese of the weak state of British military power in Asia may have emboldened them to [[Battle of Singapore|invade Singapore]] and played a part in the development of the [[South-East Asian theatre of World War II|war in the Pacific]].<ref name="Mall"/><ref name=duffy23>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXt8iTfDNacC&pg=PA23 Duffy, p. 23.]</ref><ref>[https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2007/01/07/books/book-reviews/how-one-merchant-ship-doomed-a-colony/#.XkmsA4jgpXY How one merchant ship doomed a colony.] Hugh Cortazzi, ''[[The Japan Times]]'', 7 January 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ib73HpvEtQ4C&pg=PA9-IA12 "The Sinking of the "Automedon", The Capture of the "Nankin": New Light on Two Intelligence Disasters in World War II"] by [[James Rusbridger]], ''[[Encounter (magazine)|Encounter]]'', May 1985, pp. 8-14.</ref> In November 1941, ''Atlantis'' was attacked by the British ship {{HMS|Devonshire|39|6}} in the Atlantic and scuttled by her crew after she caught fire. ''Devonshire'' did not stop to pick up survivors due to the threat of [[U-boats]] in the area. Mohr and the crew eventually made it home after two rescues were launched from Germany using U-boats and surface craft.<ref name="Mall"/><ref name="Tucker">{{cite book|author=Tucker, Spencer C. (Ed.)|title=World War II at Sea: An Encyclopedia Vol. I A-K|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N0nrSWUHx6sC&pg=PA63|year=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara|isbn=978-1-59884-457-3|pages=63–64}}</ref> In 1944, Mohr published an account of the raiding career of ''Atlantis'' titled ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis''. Towards the end of the war, he helped to arrange the surrender of [[Kiel]] and was a liaison officer between the British and German navies during the disarmament period.<ref name="Sell">[https://books.google.com/books?id=htfLF3BQPxkC&pg=PA22 "Preface"] by Arthur V. Sellwood in {{cite book|author=Ulrich Mohr & Arthur V. Sellwood.|title=Ship 16: The Story of a German Surface Raider|year=2008|publisher=Amberley Publishing|location=Stroud|isbn=978-1-84868-115-6|page=22}}</ref> ==Post-war life== In 1955, Mohr published ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider'' in conjunction with [[Arthur Sellwood]]. The book was published in the United States in 1956 under the title ''Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis'' and reprinted with that title in the United Kingdom by Amberley Publishing in 2008.<ref>[https://www.amberley-books.com/discover-books/military-history/ship-16.html Ship 16: The story of a German surface raider.] Amberley Publishing. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref> ==Publications== * ''Die Kriegsfahrt Des Hilfskreuzers Atlantis''. Verlag die Heimbücherei John Jahr, Berlin, 1944. * ''Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider''. Werner Laurie, London, 1955. (With A. V. Sellwood) * ''Ship 16: The story of the secret German raider Atlantis''. John Day, New York, 1956. (Reprinted by Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2008. {{ISBN|9781848681156}}) ==See also== * [[Cruiser rules]] == References == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mohr, Ulrich}} [[Category:Kriegsmarine personnel of World War II]] [[Category:20th-century German memoirists]] [[Category:Year of birth missing]] [[Category:Year of death missing]]

1,237,317,360

[{"title": "Ulrich Mohr", "data": {"Nationality": "German", "Occupation": "Kriegsmarine officer", "Known for": "- Service on the German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis during the Second World War - Joint author of Atlantis: The story of the German surface raider (1955)"}}]

false

# The Spike Drivers The Spike Drivers was a band from Detroit, Michigan and played from 1965 to 1967. The Spike Drivers began by working in various coffeehouses and clubs in the Detroit, Michigan folk rock music scene. Their music was rooted in folk, blues, and classical music. The band name was suggested by its vocalist Marycarol Brown, originating from a song about John Henry by Mississippi John Hurt called "Spike Driver Blues". The band shared the stage with performers such as Joni Mitchell and Del Shannon. The band traveled to New York City and landed a recording contract with Warner Brothers Reprise Records where they put out two 45's featuring "Strange Mysterious Sounds" with "Break Out The Wine" and "Often I Wonder" with "High Time." The band was showcased at many clubs in the New York area with the high point occurring when they opened for Eric Burdon and the Animals at the Rheingold Central Park Music Festival in 1966. Ted Lucas and Richard Keelan left the band in 1967 to record as the Misty Wizards. They were replaced in the Spike Drivers by Marshall Rubinoff and Ron Cobb. After both groups dissolved, Lucas released a self-titled solo album, Keelan relocated to Canada and performed in the Perth County Conspiracy, and Sid Brown released albums as part of the music collective, Peace, Bread & Land Band, who had four LPs between 1969 and 1978. Former member Steve Booker came to be known as Muruga Booker and still records and performs today. Rubinoff, who was married to actress Lin Shaye, relocated from Detroit to San Francisco after his attempts to form another band following the dissolution of the Spike Drivers failed; he died there in a motorcycle accident on July 7, 1968, a few days past his 24th birthday. ## Members - Marycarol Brown - vocals - Sid Brown - guitar - Ted Lucas - guitar, vocals - Richard Keelan - bass, vocals - Steve Booker - drums - Larry Cruse - drums (replaced Steve Booker in late 1965)[4]

enwiki/2863444

enwiki

2,863,444

The Spike Drivers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spike_Drivers

2025-04-13T10:46:51Z

en

Q7765863

33,092

{{Short description|US musical group}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = The Spike Drivers | image = The Spike Drivers.png | image_size = 250px | landscape =  | alt = | caption = The Spike Drivers in 1966 | background = group_or_band | alias = | origin = [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] | genre = [[Psychedelic pop]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Spike Drivers Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/spikedrivers-mn0003463526 |website=AllMusic |access-date=4 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> | years_active =  | label = Reprise Records | associated_acts = | website =  | current_members = | past_members = Ted Lucas, Richard Keelan, Sid Brown, Marycarol Brown, Larry Cruse, [[Muruga Booker|Steve Booker]] }} '''The Spike Drivers''' was a band from [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] and played from 1965 to 1967. The Spike Drivers began by working in various coffeehouses and clubs in the [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] [[folk rock]] music scene. Their music was rooted in folk, blues, and classical music. The band name was suggested by its vocalist Marycarol Brown, originating from a song about [[John Henry (folklore)|John Henry]] by [[Mississippi John Hurt]] called "Spike Driver Blues".<ref>Detroit Area Rock Bands [http://home.att.net/~s.m.geer/bands.htm Spike Drivers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070529084738/http://home.att.net/~s.m.geer/bands.htm |date=2007-05-29 }} Retrieved on May 30, 2007</ref> The band shared the stage with performers such as [[Joni Mitchell]] and [[Del Shannon]]. The band traveled to [[New York City]] and landed a recording contract with [[Warner Brothers]] [[Reprise Records]] where they put out two [[Gramophone record|45's]] featuring "Strange Mysterious Sounds" with "Break Out The Wine" and "Often I Wonder" with "High Time." The band was showcased at many clubs in the New York area with the high point occurring when they opened for [[Eric Burdon]] and [[the Animals]] at the Rheingold Central Park Music Festival in 1966. Ted Lucas and Richard Keelan left the band in 1967 to record as the Misty Wizards. They were replaced in the Spike Drivers by Marshall Rubinoff and Ron Cobb. After both groups dissolved, Lucas released a self-titled solo album, Keelan relocated to Canada and performed in the [[Perth County Conspiracy]], and Sid Brown released albums as part of the music collective, Peace, Bread & Land Band, who had four LPs between 1969 and 1978. Former member Steve Booker came to be known as [[Muruga Booker]] and still records and performs today. Rubinoff, who was married to actress [[Lin Shaye]], relocated from Detroit to San Francisco after his attempts to form another band following the dissolution of the Spike Drivers failed; he died there in a motorcycle accident on July 7, 1968, a few days past his 24th birthday.<ref>[https://www.fifthestate.org/archive/58-july-18-31-1968/marshall-rubinoff-7-5-44-7-7-68/ Marshall Rubinoff: In Memoriam.] [https://www.fifthestate.org/ Fifth Estate]. Retrieved May 21, 2019.</ref> == Members == *Marycarol Brown - [[Singing|vocals]] *Sid Brown - [[guitar]] *Ted Lucas - guitar, vocals *Richard Keelan - [[Bass guitar|bass]], vocals *[[Muruga Booker|Steve Booker]] - [[Drum kit|drums]] *Larry Cruse - drums (replaced Steve Booker in late 1965)<ref>[http://record-fiend.blogspot.com/2010/09/spike-drivers-folkrocking-psychedelia.html ''The Spike-Drivers - Folkrocking Psychedelia from the Motor City'' in The Record Fiend, September 2, 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114014548/http://record-fiend.blogspot.com/2010/09/spike-drivers-folkrocking-psychedelia.html |date=November 14, 2013 }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * {{Discogs artist|The Spike-Drivers}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Spike Drivers, The}} [[Category:American folk rock groups]] {{US-band-stub}}

1,285,376,844

[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Origin": "Detroit, Michigan", "Genres": "Psychedelic pop", "Labels": "Reprise Records"}}]

false

# Filipe da Costa Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa (born 30 August 1984) is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a midfielder. ## Football career ### Early career Born in Lisbon, Costa began his career at S.L. Benfica, also being loaned to C.F. Os Belenenses and Amora F.C. during his formative years. In 2003, he moved to Italy's A.C. Reggiana 1919, but failed to appear in any games in the season's Serie C1/A. ### Greece In January 2005, Costa joined Super League Greece club Ionikos FC. Exactly two years later he was loaned to Athlitiki Enosi Larissa FC, which eventually won the domestic cup as the player appeared in one match in the tournament, the 31 January quarter-finals against PAE Kerkyra. During his two-and-a-half-year stay in the country, Costa was voted by fans and league players and coaches for two consecutive years to the annual All-Star game, held between the best Greek and foreign players. ### England / Romania On 1 September 2007, Costa signed a one-year contract with Leeds United. He made seven appearances, all but one as a substitute, and was sent off in a rare start, a game against Bury for the Football League Trophy; his injuries otherwise largely prevented him from playing. In mid-January 2008, Costa joined Scottish club Falkirk for a trial, but returned to Elland Road after this proved unsuccessful. He was released in April. For the 2008–09 campaign, Costa moved to Romania with FC Politehnica Timișoara, with the contract including a special clause that stated it could be terminated if the player suffered an injury. He was released on 4 August 2008. ### Bulgaria In September 2008, Costa signed for PFC CSKA Sofia. He made his debut for his new team on 4 October against FC Vihren Sandanski, playing a total of five matches during the season. In January of the following year CSKA released the player, via arbitration commission of the Bulgarian Football Union. On 28 January 2009, Costa joined PFC Levski Sofia on a three-year deal. He made his competitive debut also against Vihren, in the first game of the second round of the championship, a 3–2 win. On 9 May he appeared in The Eternal Derby against ex-team CSKA, which resulted in a 2–0 away win; in total, he contributed with eight appearances for an eventual league win. On 21 June 2009, it was announced that Levski were trying to sell Costa. Club coach Emil Velev decided to sell the player due to his poor performances in the second round of the campaign. ### Return to Portugal On 13 July 2009, Costa returned to Portugal after six years, joining C.D. Nacional. He was not registered for the season's UEFA Europa League by the Madeirans and, on 5 January 2010, without making any official appearances, he was released, quickly signing with G.D. Estoril Praia in the Segunda Liga. ## Honours Larissa - Greek Football Cup: 2006–07 Levski - First Professional Football League: 2008–09

enwiki/13046386

enwiki

13,046,386

Filipe da Costa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipe_da_Costa

2025-05-03T20:53:53Z

en

Q1310363

99,966

{{short description|Portuguese footballer}} {{Lead too short|date=October 2021}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Filipe da Costa | image = | caption = | fullname = Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1984|8|30|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Lisbon]], Portugal | height = 1.80 m | position = [[Midfielder]] | currentclub = | clubnumber = | youthyears1 = 1994–2002 | youthyears2 = 1999–2001 | youthyears3 = 2001–2002 | youthyears4 = 2002–2003 | youthclubs1 = [[S.L. Benfica|Benfica]] | youthclubs2 = → [[C.F. Os Belenenses|Belenenses]] (loan) | youthclubs3 = → [[Amora F.C.|Amora]] (loan) | youthclubs4 = [[S.C. Braga|Braga]] | years1 = 2003–2004 | years2 = 2005–2007 | years3 = 2007 | years4 = 2007–2008 | years5 = 2008 | years6 = 2008 | years7 = 2009 | years8 = 2009–2010 | years9 = 2010–2011 | years10 = 2011–2012 | years11 = 2012–2013 | years12 = 2013 | years13 = 2013–2014 | years14 = 2014–2015 | years15 = 2015–2016 | years16 = 2016–2017 | years17 = 2017 | clubs1 = [[A.C. Reggiana 1919|Reggiana]] | clubs2 = [[Ionikos F.C.|Ionikos]] | clubs3 = → [[Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C.|AEL]] (loan) | clubs4 = [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds United]] | clubs5 = [[FC Politehnica Timișoara|Politehnica Timișoara]] | clubs6 = [[PFC CSKA Sofia|CSKA Sofia]] | clubs7 = [[PFC Levski Sofia|Levski Sofia]] | clubs8 = [[C.D. Nacional|Nacional]] | clubs9 = [[G.D. Estoril Praia|Estoril]] | clubs10 = [[Panserraikos F.C.|Panserraikos]] | clubs11 = [[Enosis Neon Paralimni|Enosis Neon]] | clubs12 = [[Panserraikos F.C.|Panserraikos]] | clubs13 = [[Veria F.C.|Veria]] | clubs14 = [[Panachaiki F.C.|Panachaiki]] | clubs15 = [[Panserraikos F.C.|Panserraikos]] | clubs16 = [[Olympiacos Volos F.C.|Olympiakos Volos]] | clubs17 = [[AE Ergazomenon Kritis SYN.KA F.C.|AEEK INKA]] | caps1 = 0 | caps2 = 49 | caps3 = 4 | caps4 = 4 | caps5 = 0 | caps6 = 5 | caps7 = 8 | caps8 = 0 | caps9 = 3 | caps10 = 19 | caps11 = 8 | caps12 = 18 | caps13 = 3 | caps14 = 24 | caps15 = 4 | caps16 = 0 | caps17 = 0 | totalcaps = 149 | goals1 = 0 | goals2 = 5 | goals3 = 0 | goals4 = 0 | goals5 = 0 | goals6 = 0 | goals7 = 0 | goals8 = 0 | goals9 = 0 | goals10 = 1 | goals11 = 0 | goals12 = 4 | goals13 = 0 | goals14 = 5 | goals15 = 0 | goals16 = 0 | goals17 = 0 | totalgoals = 15 | nationalyears1 = 2002 | nationalteam1 = [[Portugal national under-18 football team|Portugal U18]] | nationalcaps1 = 1 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | club-update = }} '''Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa''' (born 30 August 1984) is a Portuguese retired [[Association football|footballer]] who played as a [[midfielder]]. ==Football career== ===Early career=== Born in [[Lisbon]], Costa began his career at [[S.L. Benfica]], also being loaned to [[C.F. Os Belenenses]] and [[Amora F.C.]] during his formative years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amorafc.com/2001_2002_seniores_equipa.htm |title=Seniores 2001/2002 – Equipa|trans-title=Seniors 2001/2002 – Team|publisher=Amora FC|language=Portuguese|accessdate=28 July 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020920055239/http://amorafc.com/2001_2002_seniores_equipa.htm|archivedate=20 September 2002}}</ref> In 2003, he moved to Italy's [[A.C. Reggiana 1919]], but failed to appear in any games in the season's [[Lega Pro Prima Divisione|Serie C1/A]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calciatori.com/calcom/almanacco/squadra.jsp?id=42&anno=2003|title=Reggiana|publisher=Calciatori|language=Italian|accessdate=28 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915021443/http://www.calciatori.com/calcom/almanacco/squadra.jsp?id=42&anno=2003|archivedate=15 September 2007}}</ref> ===Greece=== In January 2005, Costa joined [[Super League Greece]] club [[Ionikos F.C.|Ionikos FC]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ionikos-fc.gr/gr/players2006-07/8dacosta.htm|title=Filipe da Costa|publisher=Ionikos F.C|language=Greek|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028213844/http://www.ionikos-fc.gr/gr/players2006-07/8dacosta.htm|archivedate=28 October 2008}}</ref> Exactly two years later he was loaned to [[Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C.|Athlitiki Enosi Larissa FC]], which eventually [[2006–07 Greek Cup|won]] the [[Greek Football Cup|domestic cup]] as the player appeared in one match in the tournament, the 31 January quarter-finals against [[PAE Kerkyra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ael1964.gr/inside.asp?lang=el&pid=4&sel=8&gid=118|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721075620/http://www.ael1964.gr/inside.asp?lang=el&pid=4&sel=8&gid=118|url-status=usurped|archive-date=21 July 2011|script-title=el:Στοιχεία αγώνα|trans-title=Match details|publisher=AEL 1964|language=Greek|date=2007|accessdate=28 July 2009|title=Ael1964.gr}}</ref> During his two-and-a-half-year stay in the country, Costa was voted by fans and league players and coaches for two consecutive years to the annual All-Star game, held between the best Greek and foreign players.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=5|title=All Star Game 2006|publisher=All Star Game|language=Greek|date=2006|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315024132/http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=5|archivedate=15 March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=6|title=All Star Game 2007|publisher=All Star Game|language=Greek|date=2007|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309034604/http://www.all-star-game.gr/ArticleDetail.asp?nodeId=5&articleId=6|archivedate=9 March 2009}}</ref> ===England / Romania=== On 1 September 2007, Costa signed a one-year contract with [[Leeds United A.F.C|Leeds United]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/leeds_united/6972246.stm|title=Leeds complete trio of signings|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|date=1 September 2007|accessdate=1 September 2007}}</ref> He made seven appearances, all but one as a [[Substitute (association football)|substitute]], and was [[Ejection (sports)|sent off]] in a rare start, a game against [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] for the [[Football League Trophy]]; his injuries otherwise largely prevented him from playing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/l/leeds_united/7346824.stm|title=Leeds cancel Da Costa's contract|publisher=BBC Sport|date=14 April 2008|accessdate=18 June 2010}}</ref> In mid-January 2008, Costa joined [[Scotland|Scottish]] club [[Falkirk F.C.|Falkirk]] for a trial, but returned to [[Elland Road]] after this proved unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leedsunited-mad.co.uk/news/loadnews.asp?cid=TMNW&id=373046|title=Da Costa still on look-out|publisher=Leeds United Mad|date=18 January 2008|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> He was released in April.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefootballnetwork.net/main/s277/st127939.htm|title=Da Costa released|publisher=The Football Network|date=14 April 2008|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> For the [[2008–09 Liga I|2008–09 campaign]], Costa moved to [[Romania]] with [[FC Politehnica Timișoara]], with the contract including a special clause that stated it could be terminated if the player suffered an injury. He was released on 4 August 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/da-costa-pus-pe-liber-de-timisoara-2853303|title=Da Costa, pus pe liber de Timişoara|trans-title=Da Costa, released by Timişoara|publisher=[[ProSport]]|language=Romanian|date=5 August 2008|accessdate=14 July 2009}}</ref> ===Bulgaria=== In September 2008, Costa signed for [[PFC CSKA Sofia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.football24.bg/?gg=3&hh=4&ii=139&jj=6&ll=10264&mm=139|title=CSKA takes Portugal playmaker|publisher=Football 24|date=10 September 2008|accessdate=10 September 2008}}</ref> He made his debut for his new team on 4 October against [[FC Vihren Sandanski]], playing a total of five matches during [[2008–09 A Group|the season]].<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|url=http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?pStr=Player&plid=189604|title=Da Costa facts|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=14 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008160523/http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?pStr=Player&plid=189604|archivedate=8 October 2011}}</ref> In January of the following year CSKA released the player, via arbitration commission of the [[Bulgarian Football Union]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cska.sportal.bg/bg/article:467|title=Трима футболисти разтрогнаха договорите си с ЦСКА|trans-title=Three players terminate contract with CSKA|publisher=CSKA Sportal|language=Bulgarian|date=January 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> On 28 January 2009, Costa joined [[PFC Levski Sofia]] on a three-year deal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170519|title=PFC Levski presents Portuguese Filipe Da Costa signing for three years|publisher=Levski Sofia|date=28 January 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211100/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170519|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> He made his competitive debut also against Vihren, in the first game of the second round of the championship, a 3–2 win. On 9 May he appeared in [[Eternal derby of Bulgarian football|The Eternal Derby]] against ex-team CSKA, which resulted in a 2–0 away win; in total, he contributed with eight appearances for an eventual league win.<ref name="Guardian"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170782|title=Levski win 26th title!|publisher=Levski Sofia|language=Bulgarian|date=31 May 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211211/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170782|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> On 21 June 2009, it was announced that Levski were trying to sell Costa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://topsport.ibox.bg/news/id_1588257436|title=Левски гони Да Коща|trans-title=Levski offload Costa|publisher=Topsport|language=Bulgarian|date=21 June 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009}}</ref> Club coach [[Emil Velev]] decided to sell the player due to his poor performances in the second round of the campaign.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paper.standartnews.com/en/article.php?d=2009-07-10&article=28058|title=Levski sell Da Costa|publisher=Paper Standartnews|date=10 July 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009}}</ref> ===Return to Portugal=== On 13 July 2009, Costa returned to Portugal after six years, joining [[C.D. Nacional]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170871|title=Filipe Da Costa transferred to Nacional Madeira (Portugal)|publisher=Levski Sofia|date=13 July 2009|accessdate=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001211244/http://levski.bg/Levski/info/news/showNewsById.do?news_id=170871|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref> He was not registered for [[2009–10 UEFA Europa League|the season]]'s [[UEFA Europa League]] by the [[Madeira]]ns<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/footballeurope/club=53010/competition=14/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819215110/http://www.uefa.com/footballEurope/Club=53010/competition=14/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2006|title=CD Nacional|publisher=UEFA|accessdate=12 September 2009}}</ref> and, on 5 January 2010, without making any official appearances, he was released,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdnacional.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1231|title=Futebol profissional: C.D. Nacional acorda rescisão com Filipe da Costa (Professional football: C.D. Nacional agree rescision with Filipe da Costa|publisher=CD Nacional|language=Portuguese|date=5 January 2010|accessdate=22 January 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603020905/http://www.cdnacional.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1231|archivedate=3 June 2010}}</ref> quickly signing with [[G.D. Estoril Praia]] in the [[Segunda Liga]]. ==Honours== '''Larissa''' *[[Greek Football Cup]]: [[2006–07 Greek Cup|2006–07]] '''Levski''' *[[First Professional Football League (Bulgaria)|First Professional Football League]]: [[2008–09 A Group|2008–09]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{ForaDeJogo}} *{{Soccerbase}} *{{FPF national player|451920}} *{{Soccerway|filipe-gui-paradela-maciel-da-costa/90160}} *[http://en.levskisofia.info/player/filipe-da-costa/ Levski official profile] {{DEFAULTSORT:Costa, Filipe Da}} [[Category:1984 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Footballers from Lisbon]] [[Category:Portuguese men's footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football midfielders]] [[Category:Liga Portugal 2 players]] [[Category:C.D. Nacional players]] [[Category:G.D. Estoril Praia players]] [[Category:AC Reggiana 1919 players]] [[Category:Super League Greece players]] [[Category:Football League (Greece) players]] [[Category:Ionikos F.C. players]] [[Category:Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C. players]] [[Category:Panserraikos F.C. players]] [[Category:Veria F.C. players]] [[Category:Panachaiki F.C. players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:Leeds United F.C. players]] [[Category:FC Politehnica Timișoara players]] [[Category:First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players]] [[Category:PFC CSKA Sofia players]] [[Category:PFC Levski Sofia players]] [[Category:Cypriot First Division players]] [[Category:Enosis Neon Paralimni FC players]] [[Category:Portugal men's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Italy]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Romania]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Bulgaria]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Greece]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Italy]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Romania]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Greece]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus]] [[Category:21st-century Portuguese sportsmen]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in England]]

1,288,620,572

[{"title": "Filipe da Costa", "data": {"Full name": "Filipe Gui Paradela Maciel da Costa", "Date of birth": "30 August 1984", "Place of birth": "Lisbon, Portugal", "Height": "1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)", "Position(s)": "Midfielder"}}, {"title": "Youth career", "data": {"1994\u20132002": "Benfica", "1999\u20132001": "\u2192 Belenenses (loan)", "2001\u20132002": "\u2192 Amora (loan)", "2002\u20132003": "Braga"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2003\u20132004": "Reggiana \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2005\u20132007": "Ionikos \u00b7 49 \u00b7 (5)", "2007": "\u2192 AEL (loan) \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2007\u20132008": "Leeds United \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2008": ["Politehnica Timi\u0219oara \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "CSKA Sofia \u00b7 5 \u00b7 (0)"], "2009": "Levski Sofia \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2009\u20132010": "Nacional \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2010\u20132011": "Estoril \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2011\u20132012": "Panserraikos \u00b7 19 \u00b7 (1)", "2012\u20132013": "Enosis Neon \u00b7 8 \u00b7 (0)", "2013": "Panserraikos \u00b7 18 \u00b7 (4)", "2013\u20132014": "Veria \u00b7 3 \u00b7 (0)", "2014\u20132015": "Panachaiki \u00b7 24 \u00b7 (5)", "2015\u20132016": "Panserraikos \u00b7 4 \u00b7 (0)", "2016\u20132017": "Olympiakos Volos \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "2017": "AEEK INKA \u00b7 0 \u00b7 (0)", "Total": "149 \u00b7 (15)"}}, {"title": "International career", "data": {"2002": "Portugal U18 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 (0)"}}]

false

# List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1990 In 1990, Billboard magazine published a chart ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the adult contemporary music (AC) market. The chart, which in 1990 was published under the title Hot Adult Contemporary, has undergone various name changes during its history but has been published as Adult Contemporary since 1996. In 1990, 18 songs topped the chart based on playlists submitted by radio stations. In the issue of Billboard dated January 6, Michael Bolton was at number one with "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You", which retained the top spot from the final chart of 1989.[a] Bolton's song held the top spot for one further week before being replaced by Rod Stewart's recording of the Tom Waits song "Downtown Train". Stewart was one of five acts to achieve two number ones during the year, as he returned to the top of the chart in April with "This Old Heart of Mine". The song featured additional vocals by Ronald Isley, whose group the Isley Brothers had recorded the original version of the song in the mid-1960s. Bolton, Mariah Carey, Gloria Estefan and Wilson Phillips also took two songs to number one during the year. Estefan and Stewart each spent a total of six weeks atop the chart, tying for the most weeks spent at number one during the year with Bette Midler, who spent six consecutive weeks in the top spot with "From a Distance", the year's longest unbroken run at number one. In the second half of the year, Carey achieved the feat of taking her first two singles not only to the top of the Hot Adult Contemporary chart but also to number one on Billboard's pop singles listing, the Hot 100, beginning a recording career that would ultimately make her one of the biggest-selling female performers of all time. She would achieve six AC number ones in the first half of the 1990s, before her music began to move in a more heavily R&B and hip hop-influenced direction. In October, the Righteous Brothers reached number one with their 1965 recording of the song "Unchained Melody", which was re-released after it was prominently featured in the film Ghost. Following the song's appearance on the film's soundtrack, the duo recorded a new version of the song, and both recordings entered the Hot 100, but it was the original rendition that gained sufficient airplay on adult contemporary radio to enter and ultimately top the AC chart. The year's final number one was also taken from a film soundtrack; "You Gotta Love Someone" by Elton John, which spent the last three weeks of 1990 at number one, appeared in the film Days of Thunder. ## Chart history | Issue date | Title | Artist(s) | Ref. | | ------------ | --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------ | | January 6 | "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" | Michael Bolton | [ 2 ] | | January 13 | "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" | Michael Bolton | [ 12 ] | | January 20 | "Downtown Train" | Rod Stewart | [ 13 ] | | January 27 | "Here We Are" | Gloria Estefan | [ 14 ] | | February 3 | "Here We Are" | Gloria Estefan | [ 15 ] | | February 10 | "Here We Are" | Gloria Estefan | [ 16 ] | | February 17 | "Here We Are" | Gloria Estefan | [ 17 ] | | February 24 | "Here We Are" | Gloria Estefan | [ 18 ] | | March 3 | "All My Life" | Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville | [ 19 ] | | March 10 | "All My Life" | Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville | [ 20 ] | | March 17 | "All My Life" | Linda Ronstadt featuring Aaron Neville | [ 21 ] | | March 24 | "Love Will Lead You Back" | Taylor Dayne | [ 22 ] | | March 31 | "Love Will Lead You Back" | Taylor Dayne | [ 23 ] | | April 7 | "Love Will Lead You Back" | Taylor Dayne | [ 24 ] | | April 14 | "Love Will Lead You Back" | Taylor Dayne | [ 25 ] | | April 21 | "This Old Heart of Mine" | Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley | [ 26 ] | | April 28 | "This Old Heart of Mine" | Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley | [ 27 ] | | May 5 | "This Old Heart of Mine" | Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley | [ 28 ] | | May 12 | "This Old Heart of Mine" | Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley | [ 29 ] | | May 19 | "This Old Heart of Mine" | Rod Stewart featuring Ronald Isley | [ 30 ] | | May 26 | "Hold On" | Wilson Phillips | [ 31 ] | | June 2 | "Do You Remember?" | Phil Collins | [ 32 ] | | June 9 | "Do You Remember?" | Phil Collins | [ 33 ] | | June 16 | "Do You Remember?" | Phil Collins | [ 34 ] | | June 23 | "Do You Remember?" | Phil Collins | [ 35 ] | | June 30 | "Do You Remember?" | Phil Collins | [ 36 ] | | July 7 | "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" | Michael Bolton | [ 37 ] | | July 14 | "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" | Michael Bolton | [ 38 ] | | July 21 | "When I'm Back on My Feet Again" | Michael Bolton | [ 39 ] | | July 28 | "Cuts Both Ways" | Gloria Estefan | [ 40 ] | | August 4 | "Vision of Love" | Mariah Carey | [ 41 ] | | August 11 | "Vision of Love" | Mariah Carey | [ 42 ] | | August 18 | "Vision of Love" | Mariah Carey | [ 43 ] | | August 25 | "Come Back to Me" | Janet Jackson | [ 44 ] | | September 1 | "Come Back to Me" | Janet Jackson | [ 45 ] | | September 8 | "Come Back to Me" | Janet Jackson | [ 46 ] | | September 15 | "Release Me" | Wilson Phillips | [ 47 ] | | September 22 | "Oh Girl" | Paul Young | [ 48 ] | | September 29 | "Oh Girl" | Paul Young | [ 49 ] | | October 6 | "Oh Girl" | Paul Young | [ 50 ] | | October 13 | "Unchained Melody" | The Righteous Brothers | [ 51 ] | | October 20 | "Unchained Melody" | The Righteous Brothers | [ 52 ] | | October 27 | "Love Takes Time" | Mariah Carey | [ 53 ] | | November 3 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 54 ] | | November 10 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 55 ] | | November 17 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 56 ] | | November 24 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 57 ] | | December 1 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 58 ] | | December 8 | "From a Distance" | Bette Midler | [ 59 ] | | December 15 | "You Gotta Love Someone" | Elton John | [ 60 ] | | December 22 | "You Gotta Love Someone" | Elton John | [ 61 ] | | December 29 | "You Gotta Love Someone" | Elton John | [ 62 ] |

enwiki/23831079

enwiki

23,831,079

List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1990

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hot_Adult_Contemporary_number_ones_of_1990

2025-05-16T00:25:56Z

en

Q6631121

241,444

{{short description|None}} {{Featured list}} [[File:TheRighteousBrothersperformingKBF.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.4|[[The Righteous Brothers]] topped the chart with their 1965 recording of "[[Unchained Melody]]", which was re-released after being featured in the film ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]''.|alt=Singers the Righteous Brothers performing]] In 1990, ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine published a [[record chart|chart]] ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the [[adult contemporary music]] (AC) market. The chart, which in 1990 was published under the title [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Hot Adult Contemporary]], has undergone various name changes during its history but has been published as Adult Contemporary since 1996.{{sfn|Whitburn|2007|p=vi}} In 1990, 18 songs topped the chart based on playlists submitted by radio stations.{{sfn|Whitburn|2007|p=vi}} In the issue of ''Billboard'' dated January 6, [[Michael Bolton]] was at number one with "[[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]", which retained the top spot from the final chart of 1989.<ref name=J7 />{{ref label|Phil|a|}} Bolton's song held the top spot for one further week before being replaced by [[Rod Stewart]]'s recording of the [[Tom Waits]] song "[[Downtown Train]]".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/apr/19/rod-stewart-songwriting-album-time|title=Rod Stewart: 'I thought songwriting had left me'|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Michael|last=Hann|date=April 19, 2013|accessdate=November 15, 2019}}</ref> Stewart was one of five acts to achieve two number ones during the year, as he returned to the top of the chart in April with "[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)|This Old Heart of Mine]]". The song featured additional vocals by [[Ronald Isley]], whose group [[the Isley Brothers]] had recorded the original version of the song in the mid-1960s.{{sfn|Whitburn|2005|p=339}} Bolton, [[Mariah Carey]], [[Gloria Estefan]] and [[Wilson Phillips]] also took two songs to number one during the year. Estefan and Stewart each spent a total of six weeks atop the chart, tying for the most weeks spent at number one during the year with [[Bette Midler]], who spent six consecutive weeks in the top spot with "[[From a Distance]]", the year's longest unbroken run at number one. In the second half of the year, Carey achieved the feat of taking her first two singles not only to the top of the Hot Adult Contemporary chart but also to number one on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[pop music|pop]] singles listing, the [[Billboard Hot 100|Hot 100]],{{sfn|Whitburn|2005|p=106}} beginning a recording career that would ultimately make her one of the biggest-selling female performers of all time.<ref name=mariah>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mariah-carey-mn0000262255/biography|title=Mariah Carey Biography & History|first=Jason|last=Ankeny|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=November 15, 2019|archive-date=July 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723104726/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mariah-carey-mn0000262255/biography|url-status=live}}</ref> She would achieve six AC number ones in the first half of the 1990s,{{sfn|Whitburn|2002|pp=45–46}} before her music began to move in a more heavily [[contemporary R&B|R&B]] and [[hip hop music|hip hop]]-influenced direction.<ref name=mariah /> In October, [[the Righteous Brothers]] reached number one with their 1965 recording of the song "[[Unchained Melody]]", which was re-released after it was prominently featured in the film ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]''.<ref name=ghost>{{Cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/10/entertainment/feat-ghost-25th-anniversary-years/index.html|title='Ghost' love has lingered for 25 years|publisher=[[CNN]]|first=Todd|last=Leopold|date=July 10, 2015|accessdate=November 15, 2019|archive-date=November 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115160422/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/10/entertainment/feat-ghost-25th-anniversary-years/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the song's appearance on the film's soundtrack, the duo recorded a new version of the song, and both recordings entered the Hot 100,<ref name=ghost /> but it was the original rendition that gained sufficient airplay on adult contemporary radio to enter and ultimately top the AC chart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1990-10-19-9003280065-story.html|title=James Ingram Hits No.1 as a Solo|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|first=Jan|last=DeKnock|date=October 19, 1990|accessdate=November 15, 2019}}</ref>{{sfn|Whitburn|2002|p=204}} The year's final number one was also taken from a film soundtrack; "[[You Gotta Love Someone]]" by [[Elton John]], which spent the last three weeks of 1990 at number one, appeared in the film ''[[Days of Thunder]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.radiox.co.uk/features/x-lists/best-selling-greatest-hits-albums/|title=The Top 10 best selling Greatest Hits albums|publisher=[[Radio X (United Kingdom)|Radio X]]|date=November 13, 2024|accessdate=March 20, 2025}}</ref> ==Chart history== [[File:BetteMidler90cropped.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Bette Midler]] had the year's longest-running number one with "[[From a Distance]]".|alt=Singer Bette Midler]] [[File:Ron Isley.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Ronald Isley]] guested on [[Rod Stewart]]'s recording of "[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)|This Old Heart of Mine]]", originally recorded by [[the Isley Brothers]].|alt=Singer Ronald Isley]] [[File:Taylor Dayne Performing.JPG|thumb|right|upright|"[[Love Will Lead You Back]]" was a chart-topper for [[Taylor Dayne]].|alt=Singer Taylor Dayne]] {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+{{sronly|Chart history}} !scope=col|Issue date !scope=col|Title !scope=col|Artist(s) !scope=col class=unsortable|{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- !scope=row|{{dts|January 6}} | rowspan="2"|"[[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]" | rowspan="2"|{{sortname|Michael|Bolton}} |align=center|<ref name=J7>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-06|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 6, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 13, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041942/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-06|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|January 13}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-13|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 13, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041942/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-13|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|January 20}} | rowspan="1"|"[[Downtown Train]]" | rowspan="1"|{{sortname|Rod|Stewart}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-20|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 20, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|January 27}} | rowspan="5"|"[[Here We Are (Gloria Estefan song)|Here We Are]]" | rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Gloria|Estefan}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-27|title=Adult Contemporary chart for January 27, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041909/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-01-27|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|February 3}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-03|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 3, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041902/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|February 10}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-10|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 10, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041856/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-10|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|February 17}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-17|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 17, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041855/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-17|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|February 24}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-24|title=Adult Contemporary chart for February 24, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041842/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-02-24|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|March 3}} | rowspan="3"|"[[All My Life (Linda Ronstadt song)|All My Life]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Linda|Ronstadt}} featuring [[Aaron Neville]] |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-03|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 3, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927021050/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|March 10}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-10|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 10, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|March 17}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-17|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 17, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041828/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-17|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|March 24}} | rowspan="4"|"[[Love Will Lead You Back]]" | rowspan="4"|{{sortname|Taylor|Dayne}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-24|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 24, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041817/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-24|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|March 31}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-31|title=Adult Contemporary chart for March 31, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041812/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-03-31|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|April 7}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-07|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 7, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|April 14}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-14|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 14, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041758/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-14|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|April 21}} | rowspan="5"|"[[This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)|This Old Heart of Mine]]" | rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Rod|Stewart}} featuring [[Ronald Isley]] |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-21|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 21, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041750/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-21|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|April 28}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-04-28|title=Adult Contemporary chart for April 28, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|May 5}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-05|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 5, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|May 12}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-12|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 12, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041730/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-12|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|May 19}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-19|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 19, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041723/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-19|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|May 26}} | rowspan="1"|"[[Hold On (Wilson Phillips song)|Hold On]]" | rowspan="1"|[[Wilson Phillips]] |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-26|title=Adult Contemporary chart for May 26, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041715/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-05-26|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|June 2}} | rowspan="5"|"[[Do You Remember? (Phil Collins song)|Do You Remember?]]" | rowspan="5"|{{sortname|Phil|Collins}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-02|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 2, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041707/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-02|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|June 9}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-09|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 9, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|June 16}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-16|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 16, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041715/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-16|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|June 23}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-23|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 23, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041650/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-23|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|June 30}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-30|title=Adult Contemporary chart for June 30, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041651/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-06-30|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|July 7}} | rowspan="3"|"[[When I'm Back on My Feet Again]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Michael|Bolton}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-07|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 7, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|July 14}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-14|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 14, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041609/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-14|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|July 21}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-21|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 21, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041556/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-21|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|July 28}} | rowspan="1"|"[[Cuts Both Ways (song)|Cuts Both Ways]]" | rowspan="1"|{{sortname|Gloria|Estefan}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-28|title=Adult Contemporary chart for July 28, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041546/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-07-28|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|August 4}} | rowspan="3"|"[[Vision of Love]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Mariah|Carey}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-04|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 4, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041540/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-04|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|August 11}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-11|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 11, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041525/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-11|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|August 18}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-18|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 18, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041457/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-18|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|August 25}} | rowspan="3"|"[[Come Back to Me (Janet Jackson song)|Come Back to Me]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Janet|Jackson}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-25|title=Adult Contemporary chart for August 25, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041500/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-08-25|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|September 1}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-01|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 1, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041430/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-01|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|September 8}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-08|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 8, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041419/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-08|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|September 15}} | rowspan="1"|"[[Release Me (Wilson Phillips song)|Release Me]]" | rowspan="1"|[[Wilson Phillips]] |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-15|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 15, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|September 22}} | rowspan="3"|"[[Oh Girl#Paul Young cover|Oh Girl]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Paul|Young}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-22|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 22, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041404/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-22|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|September 29}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-29|title=Adult Contemporary chart for September 29, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041358/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-09-29|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|October 6}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-06|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 6, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|October 13}} | rowspan="2"|"[[Unchained Melody#The Righteous Brothers versions|Unchained Melody]]" | rowspan="2"|{{sort|Righteous|[[The Righteous Brothers]]}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-13|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 13, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041331/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-13|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|October 20}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-20|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 20, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041342/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-20|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|October 27}} | rowspan="1"|"[[Love Takes Time]]" | rowspan="1"|{{sortname|Mariah|Carey}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-10-27|title=Adult Contemporary chart for October 27, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|November 3}} | rowspan="6"|"[[From a Distance]]" | rowspan="6"|{{sortname|Bette|Midler}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-03|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 3, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041312/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-03|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|November 10}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-10|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 10, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|November 17}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-17|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 17, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|November 24}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-24|title=Adult Contemporary chart for November 24, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041250/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-11-24|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|December 1}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-01|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 1, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|December 8}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-08|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 8, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=November 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121120803/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-08/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|December 15}} | rowspan="3"|"[[You Gotta Love Someone]]" | rowspan="3"|{{sortname|Elton|John}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-15|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 15, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts|December 22}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-22|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 22, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 14, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041227/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-22|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope=row|{{dts| December 29}} |align=center|<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-29|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 29, 1990|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 13, 2019|archive-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929041212/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1990-12-29|url-status=live}}</ref> |} ===Notes=== a. {{note|Phil}} Due to the holiday period, ''Billboard'' did not publish an issue dated December 30, 1989. The issue dated January 6, 1990, showed the "last week" position of every song in the Hot Adult Contemporary chart as identical to the chart dated December 23, placing "[[Another Day in Paradise]]" by [[Phil Collins]] at number one for a further week.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=January 6, 1990|page=22|title=Adult Contemporary}}</ref> ''Billboard'' has since published a revised chart dated December 30 on their website showing "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" at number one.<ref name=D30>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1989-12-30|title=Adult Contemporary chart for December 30, 1989|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=November 11, 2019|archive-date=September 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927020854/https://www.billboard.com/charts/adult-contemporary/1989-12-30|url-status=live}}</ref> ==See also== *[[1990 in music]] *[[List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Adult Contemporary chart]] ==References== {{reflist}} ===Works cited=== *{{Cite book|title=Joel Whitburn's Top Adult Contemporary, 1961–2001|first=Joel|last=Whitburn|authorlink=Joel Whitburn|publisher=Record Research Incorporated|date=2002|isbn=978-0-89820-149-9}} *{{cite book|title=Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles, 1955–2002|first=Joel|last=Whitburn|authorlink=Joel Whitburn|publisher=Record Research Incorporated|year=2005|isbn=978-0-89820-155-0}} *{{Cite book|title=Joel Whitburn Presents Billboard Top Adult Songs, 1961-2006|first=Joel|last=Whitburn|authorlink=Joel Whitburn|publisher=Record Research Incorporated|date=2007|isbn=978-0-89820-169-7}} {{Adult Contemporary Chart}} [[Category:Lists of number-one adult contemporary songs in the United States|1990]] [[Category:1990 record charts]] [[Category:1990 in American music]]

1,290,627,886

[]

false

# The Oxford Bar The Oxford Bar is a public house situated on Young Street, in the New Town of Edinburgh, Scotland. The pub is chiefly notable for having been featured in Sir Ian Rankin's Inspector Rebus series of novels. The Oxford Bar, or The Ox, is John Rebus's favourite pub in Edinburgh. ## History The Oxford Bar apparently became a public house in 1811, although it was a confectioner's shop in 1843. It was disponed on 30 October 1893 to Andrew Wilson, wines and spirits merchant, and thereafter remained a public bar. The Oxford Bar retains its original compartmentalised form, which many other local bars have lost. Originally consisting of a central corridor with rooms to right and left, the corridor has been opened up to the left with an archway into the small stand-up bar but the original form is still clear. It is a Category B listed building. ## Patrons Several Scottish writers and artists are also said to have been patrons of the Oxford Bar, including Sydney Goodsir Smith and Willie Ross. In fact, the pub was first immortalised in Smith's Carotid Cornucopius. Sir Ian Rankin is also a patron of The Oxford Bar, and chose it as Rebus's pub because a lot of police officers used to drink there. In Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book, Ray Dexter and Nadine Carr note that The Oxford Bar would be an improbable local for Rebus due to its geographical location. Other visitors to the bar have included actor Sir Sean Connery and author Colin Dexter. Sir Michael Palin visited in 1978 and mentions being impressed by it in his diary, The Python Years. Quintin Jardine's 2009 Bob Skinner novel, Fatal Last Words, also mentions The Oxford Bar considerably, again due to the connection with the local police force drinking there. There are a few other nods to Rankin too. In August 2024, television presenter Lorraine Kelly's visit made local headlines.

enwiki/16752999

enwiki

16,752,999

The Oxford Bar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Oxford_Bar

2024-11-24T21:41:26Z

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Q7755783

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} {{Infobox building | name = The Oxford Bar | image = The Oxford Bar, Edinburgh.jpg | caption = | address = Edinburgh, Scotland | coordinates = {{coord|55|57|10.61|N|03|12|19.82|W|region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | opened = 1811 | website = [http://www.oxfordbar.co.uk/ oxfordbar.co.uk] {{Infobox designation list | embed = yes | designation1 = Category B | designation1_offname = 8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South<ref name="HES">{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB30005 |desc=8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South |cat=B |access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref> | designation1_date = {{Start date and age|1966|03|03|df=yes}}<ref name="HES"/> | designation1_number = LB40820<ref name="HES"/> }} }} '''The Oxford Bar''' is a [[public house]] situated on Young Street, in the [[New Town, Edinburgh|New Town]] of [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]. The pub is chiefly notable for having been featured in [[Ian Rankin|Sir Ian Rankin]]'s [[Inspector Rebus]] series of novels. The Oxford Bar, or '''The Ox''', is John Rebus's favourite pub in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://news.scotsman.com/ViewArticle.aspx?articleid=2739067|title= Locating the city's Rebus role|publisher= The Scotsman|first= Judy|last= Vickers|date= 3 January 2005|accessdate= 16 June 2009}}</ref> ==History== The Oxford Bar apparently became a public house in 1811, although it was a confectioner's shop in 1843.<ref name="HES"/> It was [[disposition (Scots law)|disponed]] on 30 October 1893 to Andrew Wilson, wines and spirits merchant, and thereafter remained a public bar. The Oxford Bar retains its original compartmentalised form, which many other local bars have lost. Originally consisting of a central corridor with rooms to right and left, the corridor has been opened up to the left with an archway into the small stand-up bar but the original form is still clear.<ref name=HES/> It is a Category B listed building.<ref name="HES"/><ref name="Slaughter">{{cite book|last1=Slaughter|first1=Michael|title=Scotland's true heritage pubs|date=2007|publisher=CAMRA|location=St. Albans|isbn=9781852492427|page=49}}</ref> ==Patrons== Several Scottish writers and artists are also said to have been patrons of the Oxford Bar, including [[Sydney Goodsir Smith]] and Willie Ross. In fact, the pub was first immortalised in Smith's ''Carotid Cornucopius''. [[Ian Rankin|Sir Ian Rankin]] is also a patron of The Oxford Bar, and chose it as Rebus's pub because a lot of police officers used to drink there.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2004/jun/13/foodanddrink.features2|title= My favourite pub|publisher= The Observer|date= 13 June 2004|accessdate= 16 June 2009 | location=London | first=Chloe | last=Diski}}</ref> In ''Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book'', Ray Dexter and Nadine Carr note that The Oxford Bar would be an improbable local for Rebus due to its geographical location.<ref name="DexterCarr2015">{{cite book|author1=Ray Dexter|author2=Nadine Carr|title=Dirty Work: Ian Rankin and John Rebus Book-By-Book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t4euCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA144|date=18 September 2015|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-326-41521-1|page=144}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} Other visitors to the bar have included actor [[Sean Connery|Sir Sean Connery]] and author [[Colin Dexter]].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.scotsman.com/obituaries/John-Gates.4503021.jp|title= John Gates: Former landlord of the Oxford Bar, Edinburgh|publisher= The Scotsman|date= 18 September 2008|accessdate= 16 June 2009}}</ref> [[Michael Palin|Sir Michael Palin]] visited in 1978 and mentions being impressed by it in his diary, ''The Python Years''. [[Quintin Jardine]]'s 2009 Bob Skinner novel, ''Fatal Last Words'', also mentions The Oxford Bar considerably, again due to the connection with the local police force drinking there. There are a few other nods to Rankin too. In August 2024, television presenter [[Lorraine Kelly]]'s visit made local headlines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borland |first=Ben |date=2024-08-22 |title=Oxford Bar: From Rebus to Lorraine Kelly, the story of Edinburgh's 'proper pub' |url=https://www.scottishdailyexpress.co.uk/celebrity-news/oxford-bar-inspector-rebus-lorraine-33516374 |access-date=2024-11-24 |website=Scottish Daily Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-30 |title=The Oxford Bar – What's happened? |url=https://edinburghpubreviews.substack.com/p/oxford-bar-repost |access-date=2024-11-24 |website=Edinburgh Pub Reviews}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.edinburghpubguide.co.uk/PubDetails/Oxford_Bar_118.html The Oxford Bar at Edinburgh Pub Guide] {{Commercial buildings in Edinburgh}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oxford Bar, The}} [[Category:Tourist attractions in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Pubs in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Edinburgh in fiction]] [[Category:Category B listed buildings in Edinburgh]] [[Category:Listed pubs in Scotland]]

1,259,384,609

[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Address": "Edinburgh, Scotland", "Coordinates": "55\u00b057\u203210.61\u2033N 03\u00b012\u203219.82\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff55.9529472\u00b0N 3.2055056\u00b0W", "Opened": "1811"}}, {"title": "Website", "data": {"Website": "oxfordbar.co.uk"}}, {"title": "Listed Building \u2013 Category B", "data": {"Official name": "8 and 8A Young Street, the Oxford Bar, and 2 Young Street Lane South", "Designated": "3 March 1966", "Reference no.": "LB40820"}}]

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# Alfred Julien Alfred S. Julien (died 1989) was an American trial lawyer. ## Biography Julien attended Brooklyn Law School and graduated with honors. In 1931, he co-founded Julien & Schlesinger along with Stuart Schlesinger. In 1972, he represented Ron Galella in a lawsuit against Jacqueline Kennedy. He also represented Galella in another lawsuit against Marlon Brando which was settled out of the court. Julien also served as a president New York State and Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Associations. He participated in seminars on advocacy sponsored by the Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association. Julien was profiled in the book On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom by Norman Sheresky He was often mentioned by the press in stories written about his case. After Sybil Hart Kooper, a lawyer and member of the board of directors of the American Academy of Trial Lawyers and co-chairman of the women's rights committee of the Brooklyn Women's Bar Association, was denied membership to the Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Association, of which Alfred S. Julien was president and to which he had proposed her for membership, Julien wrote to Kooper saying he was "not at all proud" and "I mean to break the barrier if I can. It deserves to be broken. I suggest you bear with me". ## Awards - 1992: Hall of Fame Inductee, American Association for Justice.[12] ## Death In 1989, he died due to a heart attack in Scarsdale, New York. ## Books - Julien on Summation - Opening Statements

enwiki/71671988

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71,671,988

Alfred Julien

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Julien

2025-05-27T23:44:33Z

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Q113950642

39,381

{{Short description|American trial lawyer}} '''Alfred S. Julien''' (died 1989) was an American trial lawyer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/02/11/archives/galiber-acquitted-with-two-others-of-fraud-charges-galiber.html|title=Galiber Acquitted With Two Others Of Fraud Charges|first=Arnold H.|last=Lubasch|date=February 11, 1978|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fasano |first=Leonard |title=Al Julien: On Trial |url=https://issuu.com/nylslibrary/docs/0001_26f5c8f1ae5694/1 |journal=Equitas New York Law School}}</ref> ==Biography== Julien attended [[Brooklyn Law School]] and graduated with honors.<ref name="obit">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/07/obituaries/alfred-julien-lawyer-dies-at-78.html|title=Alfred Julien, Lawyer, Dies at 78|first=Joan|last=Cook|date=January 7, 1989|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> In 1931, he co-founded Julien & Schlesinger along with Stuart Schlesinger.<ref name="obit" /> In 1972, he represented [[Ron Galella]] in a lawsuit against [[Jacqueline Kennedy]].<ref name="obit" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/03/14/archives/testimony-by-mrs-onassis-contradicts-pretrial-deposition-given-by.html|title=Testimony by Mrs. Onassis Contradicts Pretrial Deposition Given by Secret Service Agent|first=Max H.|last=Seigel|date=March 14, 1972|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> He also represented Galella in another lawsuit against [[Marlon Brando]] which was settled out of the court.<ref name="obit" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Seigel |first=Max H. |date=1972-02-29 |title=Verbal Clash Stirs the Onassis Trial |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/29/archives/verbal-clash-stirs-the-onassis-trial.html |access-date=2022-09-08 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Boone |first=Steven |title=Smash His Camera: The sweetest New York stalker story ever told |url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2010/07/smash-his-camera-the-sweetest-new-york-stalker-story-ever-told-070194 |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=Politico |language=en}}</ref> Julien also served as a president New York State and Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Associations.<ref name="obit" /> He participated in seminars on advocacy sponsored by the Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-09-26 |title=History of the MCTLA |url=https://www.mctla.org/history |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=Middlesex County Trial Lawyers Association |language=en-US}}</ref> Julien was profiled in the book ''On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom'' by Norman Sheresky<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sheresky |first=Norman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNo8AQAAIAAJ&q=alfred+julien |title=On Trial: Masters of the Courtroom |date=1977 |publisher=Viking Press |isbn=978-0-670-52523-2 |language=en}}</ref> He was often mentioned by the press in stories written about his case.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Scott |first=Lael |date=1977-06-26 |title=LAWYERS WHO SUE LAWYERS |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/26/archives/lawyers-who-sue-lawyers-malpractice-suits-against-lawyers-have.html |access-date=2022-09-08 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |agency=Associated Press |date=1983-03-18 |title=FAMILY IN L.I. FIRE TO GET $20 MILLION |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/18/nyregion/family-in-li-fire-to-get-20-million.html |access-date=2022-09-08 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> After Sybil Hart Kooper, a lawyer and member of the board of directors of the American Academy of Trial Lawyers and co-chairman of the women's rights committee of the Brooklyn Women's Bar Association, was denied membership to the Metropolitan Trial Lawyers Association, of which Alfred S. Julien was president and to which he had proposed her for membership, Julien wrote to Kooper saying he was "not at all proud" and "I mean to break the barrier if I can. It deserves to be broken. I suggest you bear with me".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1971-02-27 |title=A Woman Lawyer Alleging Sex Bias, Sues City Bar Unit |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/27/archives/a-woman-lawyer-alleging-sex-bias-sues-city-bar-unit.html |access-date=2022-09-08 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Awards == * 1992: Hall of Fame Inductee, [[American Association for Justice]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hall of Fame |url=https://www.justice.org/membership/awards/hall-of-fame |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=www.justice.org |language=en}}</ref> == Death == In 1989, he died due to a [[heart attack]] in [[Scarsdale, New York]].<ref name="obit" /> ==Books== * ''Julien on Summation'' * ''Opening Statements'' ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:1989 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American lawyers]] [[Category:Brooklyn Law School alumni]]

1,292,621,686

[]

false

# Granace Granace is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica. ## Population | Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. | | ------------- | ---- | ------- | | 1968 | 93 | — | | 1975 | 72 | −3.59% | | 1982 | 107 | +5.82% | | 1990 | 82 | −3.27% | | 1999 | 61 | −3.23% | | 2009 | 57 | −0.68% | | 2014 | 72 | +4.78% | | 2020 | 93 | +4.36% | | Source: INSEE | | |

enwiki/15568068

enwiki

15,568,068

Granace

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granace

2024-01-30T11:45:21Z

en

Q273682

75,391

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} {{short description|Commune in Corsica, France}} {{Expand French|topic=geo|date=January 2009|Granace}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Granace |commune status = [[Communes of France|Commune]] |arrondissement = Sartène |canton = Sartenais-Valinco |INSEE = 2A128 |postal code = 20100 |mayor = Jean-Yves Leandri<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref> |term = 2020–2026 |intercommunality = |coordinates = {{coord|41.6478|9.0078|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation m = 300 |elevation min m = 100 |elevation max m = 601 |area km2 = 4.08 |population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} }} '''Granace''' is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Corse-du-Sud]] [[Departments of France|department]] of [[France]] on the island of [[Corsica]]. ==Population== {{Historical populations |source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7633058?geo=COM-2A128#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref> |percentages = pagr |align = none |1968 |93 |1975 |72 |1982 |107 |1990 |82 |1999 |61 |2009 |57 |2014 |72 |2020 |93 }} ==See also== *[[Communes of the Corse-du-Sud department]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{commons category}} {{Corse-du-Sud communes}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Communes of Corse-du-Sud]] [[Category:Corse-du-Sud communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia]] {{CorseSud-geo-stub}}

1,200,865,628

[{"title": "Granace", "data": {"Country": "France", "Region": "Corsica", "Department": "Corse-du-Sud", "Arrondissement": "Sart\u00e8ne", "Canton": "Sartenais-Valinco"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor (2020\u20132026)": "Jean-Yves Leandri", "Area1": "4.08 km2 (1.58 sq mi)", "Population (2022)": "92", "\u2022 Density": "23/km2 (58/sq mi)", "Time zone": "UTC+01:00 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+02:00 (CEST)", "INSEE/Postal code": "2A128 /20100", "Elevation": "100\u2013601 m (328\u20131,972 ft) \u00b7 (avg. 300 m or 980 ft)"}}]

false

# Rob Gier Robert James Dazo Gier (born 6 January 1981) is a football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Philippines U22 team. As a player, he was mainly a centre-back. Born in England, he progressed through the youth system of Wimbledon, making his debut in the Football League First Division in October 2000 and played until their final season. He then played for League Two club Rushden & Diamonds until their relegation in 2006. He then played in the Conference National for Cambridge United, Woking, and Aldershot Town with whom he won the 2007–08 Conference Premier title and Conference League Cup. After a brief spell with Grays Athletic, he spent the remainder of his career with his hometown club Ascot United in the Hellenic Football League. Eligible to represent the Philippines national team through his mother, Gier made his international debut in 2009. He captained the Philippines in the 2012 and 2014 AFF Championships. ## Early life Rob Gier was born to Robert Gier and Rosario and grew up in Ascot, England. Upon coming from work, Rob's father would often bring him to football training. His mother, Rosario is a Waray from Tacloban, Leyte. ## Club career Gier began his career at Wimbledon, who had been relegated from the Premiership in 1999–00 season. He made his debut the following season, starting a 0–0 home draw with Sheffield United on 28 October 2000. In 2004, he joined Rushden & Diamonds, and was part of the side that was relegated from the Football League in 2005–06. He left the club following their relegation, and had spells in the Conference with Cambridge United, and Woking during the 2006–07 season. He joined Aldershot Town at the start of the 2007–08 season, and was part of the side that won the Conference with a record points total. He made 38 league appearances for the club, all starts, but despite this was released at the end of the campaign. On 22 May 2008, Grays Athletic announced they had signed Gier on a one-year contract, however, he was transfer listed by the club in January 2009, with financial pressures and manager Wayne Burnett's plans being cited as the reason. Gier joined Hellenic League Premier Division club Ascot United in November 2009, after being released at the end of the previous season by Grays Athletic. He announced his retirement in February 2016. ## International career Gier was called up to the Philippines national team in March 2009, for the 2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualifiers in April, where they were due to face, Turkmenistan, Bhutan and the Maldives. He made his international debut in 2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification match against Bhutan on 14 April 2009 and also played against Maldives and Turkmenistan. On 10 September 2012 Gier scored his first international goal for the Philippines in a 2–1 loss to Laos, however it was not a FIFA-sanctioned match. FIFA did not recognize the match's results after it was found out that the referees who officiated the match were not recognized by the world sporting body. He scored his first official international goal for the Philippines in the 2014 Philippine Peace Cup against Chinese Taipei. ### International goals Scores and results list the Philippines' goal tally first. | # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | | -- | ---------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | ------ | ------------------------- | | 1. | 3 September 2014 | Rizal Memorial Stadium, Manila | Chinese Taipei | 1–0 | 5–1 | 2014 Philippine Peace Cup | | 2. | 25 November 2014 | Mỹ Đình National Stadium, Hanoi | Indonesia | 4–0 | 4–0 | 2014 AFF Suzuki Cup | ### Retirement On 17 February 2016 Gier announced his retirement from playing competitive football at the age of 35. Gier is set to focus on operating Zenith Soccer Tours and spending more time with his family. Earlier in 2014, Gier established Zenith Soccer Tours, a youth football program in the United Kingdom. The idea was concepted by Gier, after he met with the Philippine national youth team who had a three-week training camp in the UK in 2013. ## Coaching career ### Oxford University (Women's) In November 2016, Gier was appointed as head coach of the women's football team of the University of Oxford. He served in this role until May 2018. Gier obtained a UEFA A coaching licence by September 2017. While still playing for the national team and Ascot United, he began finishing a two-year course to obtain the UEFA A coaching licence. He plans to coach in the United Kingdom while working for a UEFA Pro Licence that would make him eligible to coach in the FA Premier League and UEFA competitions. He has expressed his openness to coach for the Philippine national team. ### Reading (Women's) In 2017, Gier began working with Reading F.C. Women as its women's development coach. He was eventually promoted as the Reading F.C. Women academy manager in July 2018. ### Philippines U22 In March 2023, the Philippine Football Federation announced that Rob Gier was appointed as the new head coach of Philippines U22. ## Honours ### Club Aldershot Town - Conference National: 2007–08 - Conference League Cup: 2007–08 ### International Philippines - AFC Challenge Cup: Third 2012 - Philippine Peace Cup: 2013 ## Personal life Gier is married and has two children. His family resides in England.

enwiki/10771481

enwiki

10,771,481

Rob Gier

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Gier

2025-06-27T11:51:34Z

en

Q2253292

101,786

{{Short description|Association football coach and former player (born 1981)}} {{use British English|date=July 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}} {{Filipino name|Dazo|Gier}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Rob Gier | image = | fullname = Robert James Dazo Gier | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1981|01|06}} | birth_place = [[Ascot, Berkshire|Ascot]], England | height = | position = [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|Centre back]] | currentclub = [[Philippines national under-23 football team|Philippines U22]] (head coach) | clubnumber = | youthyears1 = | youthclubs1 = [[Ascot United F.C.|Ascot United]] | youthyears2 = | youthclubs2 = [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]] | years1 = 2000–2004 | clubs1 = [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]] | caps1 = 71 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 2004–2006 | clubs2 = [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.|Rushden & Diamonds]] | caps2 = 67 | goals2 = 2 | years3 = 2006–2007 | clubs3 = [[Cambridge United F.C.|Cambridge United]] | caps3 = 17 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 2007 | clubs4 = [[Woking F.C.|Woking]] | caps4 = 7 | goals4 = 0 | years5 = 2007–2008 | clubs5 = [[Aldershot Town F.C.|Aldershot Town]] | caps5 = 38 | goals5 = 0 | years6 = 2008–2009 | clubs6 = [[Grays Athletic F.C.|Grays Athletic]] | caps6 = 18 | goals6 = 0 | years7 = 2009–2016 | clubs7 = [[Ascot United F.C.|Ascot United]] | caps7 = | goals7 = | nationalyears1 = 2009–2015 | nationalteam1 = [[Philippines national football team|Philippines]]  | nationalcaps1 = 66 | nationalgoals1 = 2 |manageryears1 = 2016–2018 |managerclubs1 = [[Oxford University Women's Association Football Club|Oxford University Women's]] |manageryears2 = 2018–2023 |managerclubs2 = [[Reading F.C. Women]] (academy manager) |manageryears3 = 2023– |managerclubs3 = [[Philippines national under-23 football team|Philippines U22]] }} '''Robert James Dazo Gier''' (born 6 January 1981) is a [[Association football|football]] [[Manager (association football)|coach]] and former player who is the head coach of the [[Philippines national under-23 football team|Philippines U22 team]]. As a player, he was mainly a [[Defender (association football)#Centre back|centre-back]]. Born in England, he progressed through the youth system of [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]], making his debut in the [[Football League First Division]] in October 2000 and played until [[2003–04 Wimbledon F.C. season|their final season]]. He then played for [[EFL League Two|League Two]] club [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.|Rushden & Diamonds]] until their relegation in 2006. He then played in the [[Conference National]] for [[Cambridge United F.C.|Cambridge United]], [[Woking F.C.|Woking]], and [[Aldershot Town F.C.|Aldershot Town]] with whom he won the [[2007–08 Football Conference|2007–08 Conference Premier]] title and [[2007–08 Conference League Cup|Conference League Cup]]. After a brief spell with [[Grays Athletic F.C.|Grays Athletic]], he spent the remainder of his career with his hometown club [[Ascot United F.C.|Ascot United]] in the [[Hellenic Football League]]. Eligible to represent the [[Philippines national football team|Philippines national team]] through his mother, Gier made his international debut in 2009. He [[captain (association football)|captained]] the Philippines in the [[2012 AFF Championship|2012]] and [[2014 AFF Championship]]s. ==Early life== Rob Gier was born to Robert Gier and Rosario and grew up in [[Ascot, Berkshire|Ascot]], England. Upon coming from work, Rob's father would often bring him to football training. His mother, Rosario is a [[Waray people|Waray]] from [[Tacloban]], [[Leyte]].<ref name=angers>{{cite news|last1=Biantan|first1=Jack|title=What really angers the Azkals captain?|url=http://pinoyfootball.com/articles/11101676/What-really-angers-the-Azkals-captain|accessdate=16 March 2015|publisher=Pinoy Football|date=15 March 2015|location=London|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154753/http://pinoyfootball.com/articles/11101676/What-really-angers-the-Azkals-captain|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> ==Club career== Gier began his career at [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]], who had been relegated from the [[Premier League|Premiership]] in [[1999–2000 in English football|1999–00]] season. He made his debut the following season, starting a 0–0 home draw with [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] on 28 October 2000.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} In 2004, he joined [[Rushden & Diamonds F.C.|Rushden & Diamonds]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/r/rushden_and_diamonds/3745683.stm |title=Rushden snap up trio |publisher=BBC Sport |date=24 May 2004 |accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and was part of the side that was relegated from the [[Football League]] in [[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]. He left the club following their relegation, and had spells in the Conference with [[Cambridge United F.C.|Cambridge United]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cambridge_utd/6274549.stm |title=Cambridge to sign defender Hooper |publisher=BBC Sport |date=18 January 2007 |accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and [[Woking F.C.|Woking]] during the [[2006–07 in English football|2006–07]] season.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} He joined [[Aldershot Town F.C.|Aldershot Town]] at the start of the [[2007–08 in English football|2007–08]] season,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/aldershot/6934485.stm |title=Aldershot boss recruits quartet |publisher=BBC Sport |date=7 August 2007 |accessdate=3 June 2008 }}</ref> and was part of the side that won the Conference with a record points total. He made 38 league appearances for the club, all starts, but despite this was released at the end of the campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/aldershot/7375695.stm |title=Aldershot bid farewell to quartet |publisher=BBC Sport |date=30 April 2008 |accessdate=22 May 2008 }}</ref> On 22 May 2008, [[Grays Athletic F.C.|Grays Athletic]] announced they had signed Gier on a one-year contract,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/g/grays_athletic/7415127.stm |title=Grays Athletic add three to squad |publisher=BBC Sport |date=22 May 2008 |accessdate=1 June 2008 }}</ref> however, he was [[transfer market#Transfer list|transfer listed]] by the club in January 2009, with financial pressures and manager [[Wayne Burnett]]'s plans being cited as the reason.<ref name="Grays place four on transfer list">{{cite news | title = Grays place four on transfer list |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/g/grays_athletic/7823934.stm |publisher=BBC Sport |date=12 January 2009 |accessdate=12 January 2009 }}</ref> Gier joined [[Hellenic Football League|Hellenic League Premier Division]] club [[Ascot United F.C.|Ascot United]] in November 2009, after being released at the end of the previous season by Grays Athletic.<ref name="Gier coup for Ascot">{{cite news | title = Gier coup for Ascot | url = http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=62458 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120926060544/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=62458 | url-status = usurped | archive-date = 26 September 2012 | publisher = Non-League Daily | date = 20 November 2009 | accessdate = 20 November 2009}}</ref> He announced his retirement in February 2016.<ref>[http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html Former Azkals captain Rob Gier retires] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224123220/http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html |date=24 February 2016 }} CNN Philippines, 17 February 2016</ref> ==International career== Gier was called up to the [[Philippines national football team|Philippines national team]] in March 2009, for the [[2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification|2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualifiers]] in April, where they were due to face, [[Turkmenistan national football team|Turkmenistan]], [[Bhutan national football team|Bhutan]] and the [[Maldives national football team|Maldives]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azkalsfootballteam.com/team.php?id=135 |title=Robert James Gier Player Profile |publisher=azkalsfootballteam.com |accessdate=12 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130117110336/http://www.azkalsfootballteam.com/team.php?id=135 |archivedate=17 January 2013 }}</ref> He made his international debut in [[2010 AFC Challenge Cup qualification]] match against Bhutan on 14 April 2009 and also played against Maldives and Turkmenistan.<ref name=angers/> On 10 September 2012 Gier scored his first international goal for the Philippines in a 2–1 loss to Laos,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://sports.inquirer.net/61744/azkals-yield-to-laotians-in-ill-tempered-friendly |title=Azkals yield to Laotians in ill-tempered 'friendly' |author=Tupas, Cedelf P. |publisher=inquirer.net |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |date=12 September 2012 |accessdate=12 September 2012 }}</ref> however it was not a [[FIFA]]-sanctioned match. FIFA did not recognize the match's results after it was found out that the referees who officiated the match were not recognized by the world sporting body.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/fifa-azkals-loss-to-laos-invalid |title=FIFA: Azkals loss to Laos invalid |author=Decena, Karl |publisher=interaksyon.com |date=12 September 2012 |accessdate=12 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913233140/http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/fifa-azkals-loss-to-laos-invalid |archivedate=13 September 2012 }}</ref> He scored his first official international goal for the Philippines in the [[2014 Philippine Peace Cup]] against [[Chinese Taipei national football team|Chinese Taipei]].<ref name="Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei">{{cite web|title=Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei in rain-delayed match to open Peace Cup |url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/377658/sports/football/azkals-dominate-chinese-taipei-in-rain-delayed-match-to-open-peace-cup |author=Roy Moore |work=GMA Network |date=3 September 2014 |accessdate=12 November 2014}}</ref> ===International goals=== :''Scores and results list the Philippines' goal tally first.'' {| class="wikitable" ! # !! Date !! Venue !! Opponent !! Score !! Result !! Competition |- | 1. || 3 September 2014 || [[Rizal Memorial Stadium]], [[Manila]] || {{fb|TPE}} || {{center|1–0}} || {{center|5–1}} || [[2014 Philippine Peace Cup]]<ref name="Azkals dominate Chinese Taipei"/> |- | 2. || 25 November 2014 || [[Mỹ Đình National Stadium]], [[Hanoi]] || {{fb|IDN}} || {{center|4–0}} || {{center|4–0}} || [[2014 AFF Championship|2014 AFF Suzuki Cup]] |} ===Retirement=== On 17 February 2016 Gier announced his retirement from playing competitive football at the age of 35.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Del Rosario|first1=Paolo|title=Former Azkals captain Rob Gier retires|url=http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html|accessdate=17 February 2016|publisher=CNN Philippines|date=17 February 2016|archive-date=24 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224123220/http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/02/17/Azkals-captain-Rob-Gier-retires.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gier is set to focus on operating Zenith Soccer Tours and spending more time with his family.<ref name=quits>{{cite news|last1=Terrado|first1=Jonas|title=Ex-Azkals skipper quits|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/ex-azkals-skipper-quits/|accessdate=17 February 2016|publisher=Manila Bulletin|date=17 February 2016}}</ref> Earlier in 2014,<ref>{{cite news|last1=De Guzman|first1=Icko|title=Rob Gier: Zenith Soccer Tours and What's Next for the Azkals|url=http://football.com.ph/rob-gier-zenith-soccer-tours-and-whats-next-for-the-azkals/|accessdate=17 February 2016|publisher=Football.com.ph|date=23 March 2015}}</ref> Gier established Zenith Soccer Tours, a youth football program in the [[United Kingdom]]. The idea was concepted by Gier, after he met with the Philippine national youth team who had a three-week training camp in the UK in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Reyes|first1=Jaelle Nevin|title=Azkals' Gier launches football program in UK|url=http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/football/83193-rob-gier-zenith-soccer-tours|accessdate=17 February 2016|publisher=Rappler|date=7 February 2016}}</ref> ==Coaching career== ===Oxford University (Women's)=== In November 2016, Gier was appointed as head coach of the [[Oxford University Women's Association Football Club|women's football team]] of the [[University of Oxford]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tupas|first1=Cedelf|title=Gier urges Azkals: Give your all|url=http://sports.inquirer.net/229515/gier-urges-azkals-give-your-all|accessdate=15 November 2016|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=15 November 2016}}</ref> He served in this role until May 2018. Gier obtained a UEFA A coaching licence by September 2017. While still playing for the national team and Ascot United, he began finishing a two-year course to obtain the UEFA A coaching licence. He plans to coach in the United Kingdom while working for a [[UEFA Pro Licence]] that would make him eligible to coach in the [[FA Premier League]] and UEFA competitions. He has expressed his openness to coach for the Philippine national team.<ref name=ukcoach>{{cite news|last1=Go|first1=Beatrice|title=Rob Gier to focus on UK coaching career after getting UEFA A license|url=https://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/football/181834-rob-gier-coaching-career-uefa-license|accessdate=12 September 2017|work=Rappler|date=11 September 2017}}</ref> ===Reading (Women's)=== In 2017, Gier began working with [[Reading F.C. Women]] as its women's development coach.<ref name=ukcoach/> He was eventually promoted as the Reading F.C. Women academy manager in July 2018.<ref name="LinkedIn Profile of Rob Gier">{{cite news | title = LinkedIn Profile of Rob Gier |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/rob-gier-68682774/?originalSubdomain=uk |publisher=LinkedIn |date=12 July 2018 |accessdate=14 December 2021 }}</ref> ===Philippines U22=== In March 2023, the [[Philippine Football Federation]] announced that Rob Gier was appointed as the new head coach of [[Philippines national under-23 football team|Philippines U22]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Philippines captain Rob Gier named Philippine Men's Under-22 head coach|url=https://pff.org.ph/2023/03/23/former-philippines-captain-rob-gier-named-philippine-mens-under-22-head-coach/|access-date=23 March 2023|website=Philippine Football Federation|date=23 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/sports/03/23/23/rob-gier-to-coach-azkals-u22-squad-for-sea-games|title=Football: Rob Gier to coach Azkals U22 squad for SEA Games|publisher=ABS-CBN News|date=23 March 2023|accessdate=23 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=del Carmen|first1=Lorenzo|url=https://tiebreakertimes.com.ph/tbt/rob-gier-to-lead-azkals-u22-in-32nd-sea-games/267090|title=Rob Gier to lead Azkals U22 in 32nd SEA Games|publisher=Tiebreaker Times|date=23 March 2023|accessdate=23 March 2023}}</ref> ==Honours== ===Club=== ;Aldershot Town *[[Conference National]]: [[Football Conference 2007-08|2007–08]] *[[Conference League Cup]]: [[2007–08 Conference League Cup|2007–08]] ===International=== ;Philippines *[[AFC Challenge Cup]]: Third [[2012 AFC Challenge Cup|2012]] *[[Philippine Peace Cup]]: [[2013 Philippine Peace Cup|2013]] ==Personal life== Gier is married and has two children. His family resides in England.<ref name=quits/> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{Soccerbase|name=Robert Gier}} *{{NFT player|pid=30957}} *{{FIFA player|345355}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gier, Robert}} [[Category:1981 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:English people of Filipino descent]] [[Category:Filipino people of English descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Ascot, Berkshire]] [[Category:British people of Filipino descent]] [[Category:British Asian footballers]] [[Category:English men's footballers]] [[Category:Filipino men's footballers]] [[Category:Filipino expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Philippines men's international footballers]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:National League (English football) players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:Aldershot Town F.C. players]] [[Category:Cambridge United F.C. players]] [[Category:Grays Athletic F.C. players]] [[Category:Rushden & Diamonds F.C. players]] [[Category:Wimbledon F.C. players]] [[Category:Woking F.C. players]] [[Category:Ascot United F.C. players]] [[Category:Filipino football managers]] [[Category:21st-century English sportsmen]] [[Category:21st-century Filipino sportsmen]]

1,297,624,746

[{"title": "Rob Gier", "data": {"Full name": "Robert James Dazo Gier", "Date of birth": "6 January 1981", "Place of birth": "Ascot, England", "Position(s)": "Centre back"}}, {"title": "Team information", "data": {"Current team": "Philippines U22 (head coach)"}}, {"title": "Senior career*", "data": {"Years": "Team \u00b7 Apps \u00b7 (Gls)", "2000\u20132004": "Wimbledon \u00b7 71 \u00b7 (0)", "2004\u20132006": "Rushden & Diamonds \u00b7 67 \u00b7 (2)", "2006\u20132007": "Cambridge United \u00b7 17 \u00b7 (0)", "2007": "Woking \u00b7 7 \u00b7 (0)", "2007\u20132008": "Aldershot Town \u00b7 38 \u00b7 (0)", "2008\u20132009": "Grays Athletic \u00b7 18 \u00b7 (0)", "2009\u20132016": "Ascot United"}}, {"title": "International career", "data": {"2009\u20132015": "Philippines \u00b7 66 \u00b7 (2)"}}, {"title": "Managerial career", "data": {"2016\u20132018": "Oxford University Women's", "2018\u20132023": "Reading F.C. Women (academy manager)", "2023\u2013": "Philippines U22"}}]

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# Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook is a 2017 book written by historian Mark Bray and published by Melville House Publishing, which explores the history of anti-fascist movements since the 1920s and 1930s and their contemporary resurgence. ## Content Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook details the emergence of anti-fascism in the 1920s and 1930s, and offers an analysis of contemporary anti-fascist movements, particularly antifa in the United States and Europe. Bray argues in his book that militant anti-fascism is a reasonable and legitimate political tradition, and describes his book as "an unabashedly partisan call to arms that aims to equip a new generation of anti-fascists with the history and theory necessary to defeat the resurgent far-right". Historical examples referred to in the book include the 43 Group, Rock Against Racism, the Red Warriors, and the Autonomen who popularized black bloc tactics. It also details key events in the history of anti-fascist movements, such as the Battle of Cable Street. In addition to describing the history of anti-fascist movements, the book dedicates a chapter to "Five Historical Lessons for Anti-Fascists". It discusses the subject of antifa as it relates to deplatforming and freedom of speech. Interviews that Bray conducted with antifa activists are included in the book. Bray conducted 61 such interviews across 17 different countries. Bray uses the definition of fascism provided by Robert Paxton. He defines antifa as "illiberal politics of social revolutionism applied to fighting the Far Right, not only literal fascists" and as a "pan-left radical politics uniting communists, socialists, anarchists and various different radical leftists together for the shared purpose of combating the far right." ## Reception The San Francisco Chronicle praised the book's writing, calling Bray's analysis "methodical and informative" and his arguments "incisive and cohesive". Carlos Lozada of The Washington Post commented that "the book's most enlightening contribution is on the history of anti-fascist efforts over the past century, but its most relevant for today is its justification for stifling speech and clobbering white supremacists". In the Los Angeles Review of Books, Luca Provenzano said that the book was "written from a commendable place of engagement and provides a serviceable genealogy for militant anti-fascism in the present", but was also critical of the book, saying that a "closer, more critical look at modern antifa's inception in the 1960s and '70s reveals some of the pitfalls of militant organizing, and a truly credible analysis of anti-fascist protest tactics would need to pay much closer attention to this period." Fred Shaw, writing in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, called the book "pointed with concise analysis provided by an insider’s perspective", but also said it was "not a page-turner". In Brazil, Bray's book featured in what Bray described as "a little bit of a controversy" on Twitter in 2021, when a member of the self-described "Anti-Fascism Police Movement" tweeted a photo of himself holding the book, to which the author replied that if he was really anti-fascist he should quit his job.

enwiki/55155440

enwiki

55,155,440

Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifa:_The_Anti-Fascist_Handbook

2025-06-17T04:49:48Z

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Q38762411

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{{Short description|2017 book by Mark Bray}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}} {{Use American English|date=September 2017}} {{Infobox book | name = Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook | image = Antifa, The Anti-Fascist Handbook.png{{!}}border | image_size = | border = | alt = | caption = | author = Mark Bray | audio_read_by = Keith Szarabajka | title_orig = | orig_lang_code = | title_working = | translator = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = United States | language = English | series = | release_number = | subject = [[Social movements]] | genre = | set_in = | publisher = [[Melville House Publishing|Melville House]] | pub_date = August 2017 | published = | media_type = | pages = 288 | awards = | isbn = 978-1-61219-703-6 | isbn_note = | oclc = | dewey = | congress = | preceded_by = | followed_by = | native_wikisource = | wikisource = | notes = | exclude_cover = | website = }} '''''Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook''''' is a 2017 book written by historian Mark Bray and published by [[Melville House Publishing]], which explores the history of [[anti-fascist movement]]s since the 1920s and 1930s and their contemporary resurgence. == Content == ''Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook'' details the emergence of [[anti-fascism]] in the 1920s and 1930s, and offers an analysis of contemporary anti-fascist movements, particularly [[Antifa (United States)|antifa in the United States]] and Europe. Bray argues in his book that militant anti-fascism is a reasonable and legitimate political tradition, and describes his book as "an unabashedly partisan call to arms that aims to equip a new generation of anti-fascists with the history and theory necessary to defeat the resurgent far-right". Historical examples referred to in the book include the [[43 Group]], [[Rock Against Racism]], the [[Redskin (subculture)#History|Red Warriors]], and the [[Autonomism#Germany|Autonomen]] who popularized [[black bloc]] tactics.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Denton|first=Donald D.|date=2021-01-02|title=ANTIFA: The Anti-Fascist Handbook and From Fascism to Populism in History|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09546553.2021.1864970|journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]]|volume=33|issue=1|pages=205–208|doi=10.1080/09546553.2021.1864970|s2cid=231654301 |issn=0954-6553|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Mogelson|first=Luke|title=In the Streets with Antifa|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/11/02/trump-antifa-movement-portland|access-date=2021-03-02|magazine=The New Yorker|language=en-us}}</ref><ref name="Lozada">{{cite news |last1=Lozada |first1=Carlos |author-link1=Carlos Lozada (journalist) |title=The history, theory and contradictions of antifa |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/book-party/wp/2017/09/01/the-history-theory-and-contradictions-of-antifa/ |access-date=1 October 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=1 September 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170903141742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/book-party/wp/2017/09/01/the-history-theory-and-contradictions-of-antifa/ |archive-date=3 September 2017 |url-status=unfit}}</ref>{{cbignore|bot=InternetArchiveBot}} It also details key events in the history of anti-fascist movements, such as the [[Battle of Cable Street]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=August 24, 2017|title=Anti-fascist handbook explores long history of opposition movement|work=[[CBC Radio]]|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-august-24-2017-1.4259076/anti-fascist-handbook-explores-long-history-of-opposition-movement-1.4259411|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> In addition to describing the history of anti-fascist movements, the book dedicates a chapter to "Five Historical Lessons for Anti-Fascists".<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> It discusses the subject of antifa as it relates to [[deplatforming]] and [[freedom of speech]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Burns|first=Chase|date=November 8, 2017|title=Shut Up About Nazi-Punching and Pick Up Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook|work=[[The Stranger (newspaper)|The Stranger]]|url=https://www.thestranger.com/books/2017/11/08/25539293/shut-up-about-nazi-punching-and-pick-up-antifa-the-anti-fascist-handbook|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Duford|first=Rochelle|date=January 30, 2019|others=[[American Philosophical Association]]|title='Who is a Negator of History?' Revisiting the Debate over Left Fascism 50 Years after 1968|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-american-philosophical-association/article/abs/who-is-a-negator-of-history-revisiting-the-debate-over-left-fascism-50-years-after-1968/62E0881E3EB04BCE7481D8ADF74A1EF6|journal=Journal of the American Philosophical Association|language=en|volume=5|issue=1|pages=59–77|doi=10.1017/apa.2018.39|s2cid=166995084 |issn=2053-4477|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Interviews that Bray conducted with antifa activists are included in the book.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Flood |first1=Alison |title=Antifa: the Anti-fascist Handbook – 'What Trump said made the book seem even more urgent' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/aug/22/antifa-anti-fascist-handbook-trump-us-politics-far-right-charlottesville |access-date=10 June 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=22 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Penny |first1=Daniel |title=An Intimate History of Antifa |url=https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/an-intimate-history-of-antifa |access-date=10 June 2020 |magazine=The New Yorker |date=22 August 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Schargel/> Bray conducted 61 such interviews across 17 different countries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Sycamore|first=Mattilda Bernstein|date=September 8, 2017|title='Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook,' by Mark Bray|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|url=https://www.sfgate.com/books/article/Antifa-The-Anti-Fascist-Handbook-by-Mark-12183664.php|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Bray uses the [[definition of fascism]] provided by [[Robert Paxton]].<ref name="Lozada" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Shaw|first=Fred|date=November 5, 2017|title=Mark Bray writes a roadmap to anti-fascist beliefs|work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/ae/books/2017/11/05/Anti-fascism-for-beginners-Mark-Bray-Antifa-Hankdbook/stories/201711050030|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> He defines antifa as "illiberal politics of social revolutionism applied to fighting the Far Right, not only literal fascists" and as a "pan-left radical politics uniting communists, socialists, anarchists and various different radical leftists together for the shared purpose of combating the far right."<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Koch|first=Ariel|date=2021-05-19|title=The Non-Jihadi Foreign Fighters: Western Right-Wing and Left-Wing Extremists in Syria|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546553.2019.1581614|journal=[[Terrorism and Political Violence]]|volume=33|issue=4|pages=669–696|doi=10.1080/09546553.2019.1581614|s2cid=197703519 |issn=0954-6553|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Antifa violence is ethical? This author explains why |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/antifa-violence-ethical-author-explains-why-n796106 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> == Reception == The ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' praised the book's writing, calling Bray's analysis "methodical and informative" and his arguments "incisive and cohesive".<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tucker |first1=Eric |last2=Flaccus |first2=Gillian |last3=Madhani |first3=Aamer |title=A look at the antifa movement Trump is blaming for violence |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/A-look-at-the-antifa-movement-Trump-is-blaming-15309040.php |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |agency=[[Associated Press|AP]] |date=2 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604132922/https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/A-look-at-the-antifa-movement-Trump-is-blaming-15309040.php |archive-date=4 June 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref>{{cbignore|bot=InternetArchiveBot}} [[Carlos Lozada (journalist)|Carlos Lozada]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' commented that "the book's most enlightening contribution is on the history of anti-fascist efforts over the past century, but its most relevant for today is its justification for stifling speech and clobbering white supremacists".<ref name="Lozada" /> In the ''[[Los Angeles Review of Books]]'', Luca Provenzano said that the book was "written from a commendable place of engagement and provides a serviceable genealogy for militant anti-fascism in the present", but was also critical of the book, saying that a "closer, more critical look at modern antifa's inception in the 1960s and '70s reveals some of the pitfalls of militant organizing, and a truly credible analysis of anti-fascist protest tactics would need to pay much closer attention to this period."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Provenzano|first=Luca|date=October 21, 2017|title=Street Fighting Men: Antifa's Origins in the '60s and '70s|work=[[Los Angeles Review of Books]]|url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/street-fighting-men-antifas-origins-in-the-60s-and-70s/|access-date=December 11, 2021}}</ref> Fred Shaw, writing in the ''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]'', called the book "pointed with concise analysis provided by an insider’s perspective", but also said it was "not a page-turner".<ref name=":1" /> In Brazil, Bray's book featured in what Bray described as "a little bit of a controversy" on Twitter in 2021, when a member of the self-described "Anti-Fascism Police Movement" tweeted a photo of himself holding the book, to which the author replied that if he was really anti-fascist he should quit his job.<ref name=Schargel>{{Cite journal |last=Schargel |first=Sergio |last2=Guimarães |first2=Julia de Oliveira Góes |date=2023-03-31 |title=Between Antifascism and Antifa: A Conversation with Mark Bray, Author of Antifa |url=http://www.scielo.br/j/rbh/a/NTRQWC8CGHQZnmmnYJktSyJ/?lang=en |journal=Revista Brasileira de História |language=en |volume=43 |pages=305–321 |doi=10.1590/1806-93472023v43n92-19 |issn=0102-0188|doi-access=free }}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Portal bar|Anarchism|Books|Society}} [[Category:2017 non-fiction books]] [[Category:Anti-fascist books]] [[Category:English-language non-fiction books]] [[Category:American non-fiction books]] [[Category:Melville House Publishing books]] [[Category:Anti-fascism in the United States]]

1,295,997,630

[{"title": "Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook", "data": {"Author": "Mark Bray", "Audio read by": "Keith Szarabajka", "Language": "English", "Subject": "Social movements", "Publisher": "Melville House", "Publication date": "August 2017", "Publication place": "United States", "Pages": "288", "ISBN": "978-1-61219-703-6"}}]

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# NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham Stock car races in the NASCAR Xfinity Series have been held at Rockingham Speedway from the series' inception in 1982 until 2004, and again since 2025. ## Spring race ### Past winners | Year | Date | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Race Distance | Race Distance | Race Time | Average Speed (mph) | | Year | Date | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Laps | Miles (km) | Race Time | Average Speed (mph) | | --------- | ----------- | -------------- | ------------------------ | ------------ | ------------- | ----------------- | --------- | ------------------- | | 1982 | June 27 | David Pearson | David Pearson | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | | 99.074 | | 1983 | March 5 | Dale Earnhardt | Robert Gee | Pontiac | 148* | 150.516 (242.232) | 1:36:57 | 91.892 | | 1984 | March 3 | Sam Ard | Thomas Brothers Racing | Oldsmobile | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:43:34 | 116.07 | | 1985 | March 2 | Dale Earnhardt | Dale Earnhardt, Inc. | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:53:38 | 105.787 | | 1986 | March 1 | Dale Earnhardt | Dale Earnhardt, Inc. | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:50:08 | 109.148 | | 1987 | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | | 1988 | March 5 | Mark Martin | Bruce Lawmaster | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:54:05 | 104.651 | | 1989 | March 4 | Rob Moroso | Dick Moroso | Oldsmobile | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:45:51 | 113.566 | | 1990 | March 3 | Dale Earnhardt | Dale Earnhardt, Inc. | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:52:24 | 106.948 | | 1991 | March 2 | Dale Jarrett | Dale Jarrett | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:48:31 | 110.775 | | 1992 | February 29 | Ward Burton | A.G. Dillard Motorsports | Buick | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 2:11:10 | 96.646 | | 1993 | February 27 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:46:21 | 113.032 | | 1994 | February 26 | Terry Labonte | Labonte Motorsports | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:53:14 | 106.161 | | 1995 | February 25 | Chad Little | Mark Rypien Motorsports | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:39:30 | 120.753 | | 1996 | February 24 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:53:26 | 105.974 | | 1997 | February 22 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:43:24 | 116.256 | | 1998 | February 21 | Matt Kenseth | Reiser Enterprises | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:40:00 | 120.209 | | 1999 | February 20 | Jeff Burton | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:56:02 | 103.599 | | 2000 | February 26 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:37:28 | 123.334 | | 2001 | February 24 | Todd Bodine | Buckshot Racing | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:47:17 | 112.049 | | 2002 | February 23 | Jason Keller | ppc Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:44:09 | 115.419 | | 2003 | February 24 | Jamie McMurray | Phoenix Racing | Dodge | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:58:04 | 101.815 | | 2004 | February 21 | Jamie McMurray | Braun Racing | Dodge | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:46:54 | 112.45 | | 2005–2024 | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | Not held | | 2025 | April 19 | Sammy Smith | JR Motorsports | Chevrolet | 256* | 240.64 (387.271) | 2:59:38 | 80.377 | - 1983: Race shortened due to crash. - 2025: Race extended due to a NASCAR overtime finish. ### Multiple winners (drivers) | # Wins | Driver | Years Won | | ------ | -------------- | ---------------------------- | | 5 | Mark Martin | 1988, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000 | | 4 | Dale Earnhardt | 1983, 1985, 1986, 1990 | | 2 | Jamie McMurray | 2003, 2004 | ### Multiple winners (teams) | # Wins | Team | Years Won | | ------ | ------------------- | ---------------------------- | | 5 | Roush Racing | 1993, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 | | 3 | Dale Earnhardt Inc. | 1985, 1986, 1990 | ### Manufacturer wins | # Wins | Make | Years Won | | ------ | ---------- | ---------------------------------------------- | | 8 | Ford | 1988, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002 | | 5 | Chevrolet | 1990, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2025 | | 5 | Pontiac | 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1991 | | 2 | Oldsmobile | 1984, 1989 | | 2 | Dodge | 2003, 2004 | ## Former Fall race ### Past winners | Year | Date | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Race Distance | Race Distance | Race Time | Average Speed (mph) | | Year | Date | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Laps | Miles (km) | Race Time | Average Speed (mph) | | ---- | ---------- | --------------- | -------------------------- | ------------ | ------------- | ---------------- | --------- | ------------------- | | 1984 | October 20 | Geoffrey Bodine | Hendrick Motorsports | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 2:06:51 | 94.765 | | 1985 | October 19 | Brett Bodine | Hendrick Motorsports | Pontiac | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:56:00 | 103.629 | | 1986 | October 18 | Morgan Shepherd | Whitaker Racing | Buick | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:39:08 | 101.177 | | 1987 | October 24 | Morgan Shepherd | Morgan Shepherd | Buick | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:52:29 | 106.396 | | 1988 | October 22 | Harry Gant | Whitaker Racing | Buick | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:50:09 | 109.132 | | 1989 | October 21 | Harry Gant | Whitaker Racing | Buick | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:47:32 | 111.788 | | 1990 | October 20 | Steve Grissom | Grissom Racing Enterprises | Oldsmobile | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:53:31 | 105.896 | | 1991 | October 19 | Ernie Irvan | Ernie Irvan | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:55:13 | 104.333 | | 1992 | October 24 | Mark Martin | Mark Martin | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:41:30 | 118.433 | | 1993 | October 23 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:42:37 | 117.144 | | 1994 | October 22 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:49:15 | 110.032 | | 1995 | October 21 | Todd Bodine | Parker Racing | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 2:01:48 | 98.694 | | 1996 | October 19 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:36:38 | 124.397 | | 1997 | October 25 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:59:42 | 100.426 | | 1998 | October 31 | Elliott Sadler | Diamond Ridge Motorsports | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:43:31 | 116.126 | | 1999 | October 23 | Mark Martin | Roush Racing | Ford | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:45:36 | 113.835 | | 2000 | October 21 | Jeff Green | ppc Racing | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:46:15 | 113.138 | | 2001 | November 3 | Kenny Wallace | Innovative Motorsports | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:36:56 | 124.012 | | 2002 | November 2 | Jamie McMurray | Brewco Motorsports | Chevrolet | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:41:18 | 118.667 | | 2003 | November 8 | Jamie McMurray | Phoenix Racing | Dodge | 197 | 200.349 (322.43) | 1:40:19 | 119.83 | ### Multiple winners (drivers) | # Wins | Driver | Years Won | | ------ | --------------- | ---------------------------------- | | 6 | Mark Martin | 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 | | 2 | Jamie McMurray | 2002, 2003 | | 2 | Morgan Shepherd | 1986, 1987 | | 2 | Harry Gant | 1988, 1989 | ### Multiple winners (teams) | # Wins | Team | Years Won | | ------ | -------------------- | ---------------------------- | | 5 | Roush Racing | 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 | | 3 | Whitaker Racing | 1986, 1988, 1989 | | 2 | Hendrick Motorsports | 1984, 1985 | ### Manufacturer wins | # Wins | Make | Years Won | | ------ | --------- | ---------------------------------- | | 6 | Ford | 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 | | 6 | Chevrolet | 1991, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 | | 4 | Buick | 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 | | 2 | Pontiac | 1984, 1985 |

enwiki/11424603

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11,424,603

NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASCAR_Xfinity_Series_at_Rockingham

2025-07-20T13:21:51Z

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86,182

{{Short description|NASCAR Xfinity Series race at Rockingham Speedway}} {{Redirect|Goodwrench 200|the race at Dover in 1992|OneMain Financial 200 (spring)}} {{Infobox motor race| Race title=NASCAR Xfinity Series at Rockingham| Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]| Venue=[[Rockingham Speedway]]| Track map = [[File:Rockingham Speedway.svg|200px]]| Location =[[Richmond County, North Carolina|Richmond County]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]]| Surface = Asphalt| Length mi = 0.94| Turns = 4}} [[Stock car racing|Stock car races]] in the [[NASCAR]] [[NASCAR Xfinity Series|Xfinity Series]] have been held at [[Rockingham Speedway]] from the series' inception in [[1982 NASCAR Budweiser Late Model Sportsman Series|1982]] until [[2004 NASCAR Busch Series|2004]], and again since 2025. ==Spring race== {{Infobox motor race|Race title=North Carolina Education Lottery 250|Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]|First race=1982|Distance={{convert|235|mi|km|1}}|Laps=250|Previous names='''Coca-Cola 200''' (1982–1983) '''Komfort Koach 200''' (1984–1985) '''Protecta-Liner 200''' (1986) '''Goodwrench 200''' (1988–1995) '''Goodwrench Service 200''' (1996–1997) '''GM Goodwrench Service Plus 200''' (1998) '''Alltel 200''' (1999–2001) '''1-866RBCTerm.com 200''' (2002) '''Rockingham 200''' (2003) '''Goody's Headache Powder 200''' (2004)|Most wins driver=[[Mark Martin]] (5)|Most wins team=[[Roush Racing]] (5)|Most wins manufacturer=[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] (8)|Logo=File:Rocking-Ham-Speedway-Xfinity-Series-Race-Logo-Announce.webp}} === Past winners === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" |- ! rowspan="2"|Year ! rowspan="2"|Date ! rowspan="2"|Driver ! rowspan="2"|Team ! rowspan="2"|Manufacturer ! colspan="2"|Race Distance ! rowspan="2"|Race Time ! rowspan="2"|Average Speed (mph) |- ! Laps ! Miles (km) |- | [[1982 NASCAR Busch Series|1982]] | June 27 | [[David Pearson (NASCAR driver)|David Pearson]] | [[David Pearson (NASCAR driver)|David Pearson]] | [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] |align="center"|197 |align="center"|200.349 (322.43) |align="center"| |align="center"|99.074 |- | [[1983 NASCAR Busch Series|1983]] | March 5 | [[Dale Earnhardt]] | [[Robert Gee]] | [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] |align="center"|148* |align="center"|150.516 (242.232) |align="center"|1:36:57 |align="center"|91.892 |- | [[1984 NASCAR Busch Series|1984]] | March 3 | [[Sam Ard]] | [[Thomas Brothers Racing]] | [[Oldsmobile]] |align="center"|197 |align="center"|200.349 (322.43) |align="center"|1:43:34 |align="center"|116.07 |- | [[1985 NASCAR Busch Series|1985]] | March 2 | [[Dale Earnhardt]] | [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] | [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:53:38 | align="center" |105.787 |- | [[1986 NASCAR Busch Series|1986]] | March 1 | [[Dale Earnhardt]] | [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] | [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:50:08 | align="center" |109.148 |- | 1987 | colspan="8" align=center|''Not held'' |- | [[1988 NASCAR Busch Series|1988]] | March 5 | [[Mark Martin]] | [[Bruce Lawmaster]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:54:05 | align="center" | 104.651 |- | [[1989 NASCAR Busch Series|1989]] | March 4 | [[Rob Moroso]] | [[Dick Moroso]] | [[Oldsmobile]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:45:51 | align="center" |113.566 |- | [[1990 NASCAR Busch Series|1990]] | March 3 | [[Dale Earnhardt]] | [[Dale Earnhardt, Inc.]] | [[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:52:24 | align="center" |106.948 |- | [[1991 NASCAR Busch Series|1991]] | March 2 | [[Dale Jarrett]] | [[Dale Jarrett]] | [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:48:31 | align="center" |110.775 |- | [[1992 NASCAR Busch Series|1992]] | February 29 | [[Ward Burton]] | [[A.G. Dillard Motorsports]] | [[Buick]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |2:11:10 | align="center" |96.646 |- | [[1993 NASCAR Busch Series|1993]] | February 27 | [[Mark Martin]] | [[Roush Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:46:21 | align="center" |113.032 |- | [[1994 NASCAR Busch Series|1994]] | February 26 | [[Terry Labonte]] | [[Labonte Motorsports]] | [[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:53:14 | align="center" |106.161 |- | [[1995 NASCAR Busch Series|1995]] | February 25 | [[Chad Little]] | [[Mark Rypien Motorsports]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:39:30 | align="center" |120.753 |- | [[1996 NASCAR Busch Series|1996]] | February 24 | [[Mark Martin]] | [[Roush Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:53:26 | align="center" |105.974 |- | [[1997 NASCAR Busch Series|1997]] | February 22 | [[Mark Martin]] | [[Roush Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:43:24 | align="center" |116.256 |- | [[1998 NASCAR Busch Series|1998]] | February 21 | [[Matt Kenseth]] | [[Reiser Enterprises]] | [[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:40:00 | align="center" |120.209 |- | [[1999 NASCAR Busch Series|1999]] | February 20 | [[Jeff Burton]] | [[Roush Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:56:02 | align="center" |103.599 |- | [[2000 NASCAR Busch Series|2000]] | February 26 | [[Mark Martin]] | [[Roush Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:37:28 | align="center" |123.334 |- | [[2001 NASCAR Busch Series|2001]] | February 24 | [[Todd Bodine]] | [[Buckshot Racing]] | [[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:47:17 | align="center" |112.049 |- | [[2002 NASCAR Busch Series|2002]] | February 23 | [[Jason Keller]] | [[ppc Racing]] | [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:44:09 | align="center" |115.419 |- | [[2003 NASCAR Busch Series|2003]] | February 24 | [[Jamie McMurray]] | [[Phoenix Racing (NASCAR team)|Phoenix Racing]] | [[Dodge]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:58:04 | align="center" |101.815 |- | [[2004 NASCAR Busch Series|2004]] | February 21 | [[Jamie McMurray]] | [[Braun Racing]] | [[Dodge]] |align="center"|197 |align="center"|200.349 (322.43) |align="center"|1:46:54 |align="center"|112.45 |- |align=center|2005–2024 |colspan=8 align=center| ''Not held'' |- | [[2025 NASCAR Xfinity Series|2025]] | April 19 | [[Sammy Smith]] | [[JR Motorsports]] | [[Chevrolet]] |align="center"|256* |align="center"|240.64 (387.271) |align="center"|2:59:38 |align="center"|80.377 |} *'''1983:''' Race shortened due to crash. *'''2025:''' Race extended due to a [[green–white–checker finish|NASCAR overtime finish]]. ===Multiple winners (drivers)=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" |- ! # Wins ! Driver ! Years Won |- ! 5 | [[Mark Martin]] | 1988, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000 |- ! 4 | [[Dale Earnhardt]] | 1983, 1985, 1986, 1990 |- !2 | [[Jamie McMurray]] | 2003, 2004 |} ===Multiple winners (teams)=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" |- ! # Wins ! Team ! Years Won |- ! 5 | [[Roush Racing]] | 1993, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 |- ! 3 | [[Dale Earnhardt Inc.]] | 1985, 1986, 1990 |} ===Manufacturer wins=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" |- ! # Wins ! Make ! Years Won |- ! 8 | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | 1988, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002 |- ! rowspan="2" | 5 | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Chevrolet]] | 1990, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2025 |- | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1991 |- ! rowspan="2" | 2 | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Oldsmobile]] | 1984, 1989 |- | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Dodge]] | 2003, 2004 |} == Former Fall race == {{Infobox motor race|Race title=Target House 200|Series long=[[NASCAR]] [[Xfinity Series]]|Venue=[[Rockingham Speedway]]|Location=[[Richmond County, North Carolina|Richmond County]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]]|First race=1984|Last race=2003|Distance={{convert|235|mi|km|1}}|Laps=250|Previous names='''Komfort Koach 200''' (1984) '''Sandhills 200''' (1985–1986) '''AC-Delco 200''' (1987–1998) '''Kmart 200''' (1999) '''Sam's Club 200''' (2000–2002) '''Target House 200''' (2003)|Most wins driver=[[Mark Martin]] (6)|Most wins team=[[Roush Racing]] (6)|Most wins manufacturer=[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]/[[Chevrolet|Chevy]] (6)}} === Past winners === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" ! rowspan="2" |Year ! rowspan="2" |Date ! rowspan="2" |Driver ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Manufacturer ! colspan="2" |Race Distance ! rowspan="2" |Race Time ! rowspan="2" |Average Speed (mph) |- !Laps !Miles (km) |- |[[1984 NASCAR Busch Series|1984]] |October 20 |[[Geoffrey Bodine]] |[[Hendrick Motorsports]] |[[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |2:06:51 | align="center" |94.765 |- |[[1985 NASCAR Busch Series|1985]] |October 19 |[[Brett Bodine]] |[[Hendrick Motorsports]] |[[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:56:00 | align="center" |103.629 |- |[[1986 NASCAR Busch Series|1986]] |October 18 |[[Morgan Shepherd]] |[[Whitaker Racing]] |[[Buick]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:39:08 | align="center" |101.177 |- |[[1987 NASCAR Busch Series|1987]] |October 24 |[[Morgan Shepherd]] |[[Morgan Shepherd]] |[[Buick]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:52:29 | align="center" |106.396 |- |[[1988 NASCAR Busch Series|1988]] |October 22 |[[Harry Gant]] |[[Whitaker Racing]] |[[Buick]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:50:09 | align="center" |109.132 |- |[[1989 NASCAR Busch Series|1989]] |October 21 |[[Harry Gant]] |[[Whitaker Racing]] |[[Buick]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:47:32 | align="center" |111.788 |- |[[1990 NASCAR Busch Series|1990]] |October 20 |[[Steve Grissom]] |[[Grissom Racing Enterprises]] |[[Oldsmobile]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:53:31 | align="center" |105.896 |- |[[1991 NASCAR Busch Series|1991]] |October 19 |[[Ernie Irvan]] |[[Ernie Irvan]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:55:13 | align="center" |104.333 |- |[[1992 NASCAR Busch Series|1992]] |October 24 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:41:30 | align="center" |118.433 |- |[[1993 NASCAR Busch Series|1993]] |October 23 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Roush Racing]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:42:37 | align="center" |117.144 |- |[[1994 NASCAR Busch Series|1994]] |October 22 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Roush Racing]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:49:15 | align="center" |110.032 |- |[[1995 NASCAR Busch Series|1995]] |October 21 |[[Todd Bodine]] |[[Parker Racing]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |2:01:48 | align="center" |98.694 |- |[[1996 NASCAR Busch Series|1996]] |October 19 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Roush Racing]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:36:38 | align="center" |124.397 |- |[[1997 NASCAR Busch Series|1997]] |October 25 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Roush Racing]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:59:42 | align="center" |100.426 |- |[[1998 NASCAR Busch Series|1998]] |October 31 |[[Elliott Sadler]] |[[Diamond Ridge Motorsports]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:43:31 | align="center" |116.126 |- |[[1999 NASCAR Busch Series|1999]] |October 23 |[[Mark Martin]] |[[Roush Racing]] |[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:45:36 | align="center" |113.835 |- |[[2000 NASCAR Busch Series|2000]] |October 21 |[[Jeff Green (racing driver)|Jeff Green]] |[[ppc Racing]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:46:15 | align="center" |113.138 |- |[[2001 NASCAR Busch Series|2001]] |November 3 |[[Kenny Wallace]] |[[Innovative Motorsports]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:36:56 | align="center" |124.012 |- |[[2002 NASCAR Busch Series|2002]] |November 2 |[[Jamie McMurray]] |[[Brewco Motorsports]] |[[Chevrolet]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:41:18 | align="center" |118.667 |- |[[2003 NASCAR Busch Series|2003]] |November 8 |[[Jamie McMurray]] |[[Phoenix Racing (NASCAR team)|Phoenix Racing]] |[[Dodge]] | align="center" |197 | align="center" |200.349 (322.43) | align="center" |1:40:19 | align="center" |119.83 |} ===Multiple winners (drivers)=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Driver !Years Won |- !6 |[[Mark Martin]] |1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 |- ! rowspan="3" |2 |[[Jamie McMurray]] |2002, 2003 |- |[[Morgan Shepherd]] |1986, 1987 |- |[[Harry Gant]] |1988, 1989 |} ===Multiple winners (teams)=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Team !Years Won |- !5 |[[Roush Racing]] |1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 |- !3 |[[Whitaker Racing]] |1986, 1988, 1989 |- !2 |[[Hendrick Motorsports]] |1984, 1985 |} ===Manufacturer wins=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" !# Wins !Make !Years Won |- ! rowspan="2" |6 |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] |1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 |- |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Chevrolet]] |1991, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 |- !4 |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Buick]] |1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 |- !2 |{{flagicon|USA}} [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] |1984, 1985 |} ==External links== {{Portal|1980s|1990s}} * {{Racing-Reference track|North_Carolina_Speedway|North Carolina Speedway}} {{NASCAR next race | Series = NASCAR Xfinity Series | Race = North Carolina Education Lottery 250 | Previous_race = [[NASCAR Xfinity Series at Bristol|SciAps 300]] | Next_race = [[NASCAR Xfinity Series at Talladega|Ag-Pro 300]] }} {{NASCAR Nationwide Series races}} [[Category:NASCAR races]] [[Category:NASCAR Xfinity Series races]] [[Category:NASCAR races at Rockingham Speedway| ]]

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[{"title": "NASCAR Xfinity Series", "data": {"Venue": "Rockingham Speedway", "Location": "Richmond County, North Carolina, United States"}}, {"title": "Circuit information", "data": {"Surface": "Asphalt", "Length": "0.94 mi (1.51 km)", "Turns": "4"}}, {"title": "NASCAR Xfinity Series", "data": {"First race": "1982", "Distance": "235 miles (378.2 km)", "Laps": "250", "Previous names": "Coca-Cola 200 (1982\u20131983) \u00b7 Komfort Koach 200 (1984\u20131985) \u00b7 Protecta-Liner 200 (1986) \u00b7 Goodwrench 200 (1988\u20131995) \u00b7 Goodwrench Service 200 (1996\u20131997) \u00b7 GM Goodwrench Service Plus 200 (1998) \u00b7 Alltel 200 (1999\u20132001) \u00b7 1-866RBCTerm.com 200 (2002) \u00b7 Rockingham 200 (2003) \u00b7 Goody's Headache Powder 200 (2004)", "Most wins (driver)": "Mark Martin (5)", "Most wins (team)": "Roush Racing (5)", "Most wins (manufacturer)": "Ford (8)"}}, {"title": "Target House 200", "data": {"Venue": "Rockingham Speedway", "Location": "Richmond County, North Carolina, United States", "First race": "1984", "Last race": "2003", "Distance": "235 miles (378.2 km)", "Laps": "250", "Previous names": "Komfort Koach 200 (1984) \u00b7 Sandhills 200 (1985\u20131986) \u00b7 AC-Delco 200 (1987\u20131998) \u00b7 Kmart 200 (1999) \u00b7 Sam's Club 200 (2000\u20132002) \u00b7 Target House 200 (2003)", "Most wins (driver)": "Mark Martin (6)", "Most wins (team)": "Roush Racing (6)", "Most wins (manufacturer)": "Ford/Chevy (6)"}}]

false

# The Zealot (film) The Zealot is an upcoming American thriller directed by Vadim Perelman, based on the 2016 play Damascus by Bennett Fisher. It stars Kodi Smit-McPhee and Djimon Hounsou. ## Premise Hounsou plays Hassan, a Somali-American shuttle driver who gets an offer from a mysterious passenger to take him from Minneapolis to Chicago. Unbeknownst to Hassan, his passenger has a dark and potentially catastrophic purpose. ## Cast - Djimon Hounsou as Hassan - Kodi Smit-McPhee as Lloyd ## Production WestEnd Films announced the project at Cannes. The movie began filming in Winnipeg in fall 2024 and had finished filming by November 2024.

enwiki/78456044

enwiki

78,456,044

The Zealot (film)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Zealot_(film)

2025-06-28T13:39:58Z

en

Q131425656

29,415

{{Short description|2025 film by Vadim Perelman}} {{Use American English|date=November 2024}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}} {{Infobox film | name = The Zealot | image = | alt = | caption = | director = [[Vadim Perelman]] | screenplay = Bennett Fisher | based_on = {{Based on|''Damascus''|Bennett Fisher}} | producer = {{Plainlist| * Bradley Gallo * Norman Golightly * Sean Harner * [[Michael Helfant]] * Jib Polhemus }} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] * [[Djimon Hounsou]] }} | cinematography = C. Kim Miles | editing = Mike Munn | music = | studio = {{plainlist| *WestEnd Films *Amasia Entertainment *Van Evera *[[Dark Castle Entertainment]] }} | distributor = | released = | runtime = | country = | language = English | budget = | gross = }} '''''The Zealot''''' is an upcoming American [[Thriller film|thriller]] directed by [[Vadim Perelman]], based on the 2016 play ''Damascus'' by Bennett Fisher. It stars [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] and [[Djimon Hounsou]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ritman |first1=Alex |title=Kodi Smit-McPhee, Djimon Hounsou to Star in ‘The Zealot,’ WestEnd Launching Vadim Perelman Thriller in Cannes (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/global/kodi-smit-mcphee-djimon-hounsou-the-zealot-vadim-perelman-1235992789/ |publisher=Variety |access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> == Premise == Hounsou plays Hassan, a [[Somali-American]] shuttle driver who gets an offer from a mysterious passenger to take him from [[Minneapolis]] to [[Chicago]]. Unbeknownst to Hassan, his passenger has a dark and potentially catastrophic purpose. == Cast == * [[Djimon Hounsou]] as Hassan * [[Kodi Smit-McPhee]] as Lloyd == Production == WestEnd Films announced the project at [[Cannes]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ritman |first1=Alex |title=Dark Castle Boards WestEnd’s Thriller ‘Zealot’ Starring Djimon Hounsou and Kodi Smit-McPhee, First Look Revealed (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/global/zealot-kodi-smit-mcphee-djimon-hounsou-first-look-1236201271/ |publisher=Variety |access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> The movie began filming in [[Winnipeg]] in fall 2024 and had finished filming by November 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last1=King |first1=Randall |title=2 more Oscar nominees headed to Winnipeg during busy fall filming period |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/film-industry-local-productions-oscar-winners-1.7332825 |publisher=CBC |access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} == External links == * {{IMDb title|32298956}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Zealot (film), The}} [[Category:2020s English-language films]] [[Category:American drama films]] [[Category:Films directed by Vadim Perelman]] [[Category:Films shot in Winnipeg]] {{US-film-stub}}

1,297,784,540

[{"title": "The Zealot", "data": {"Directed by": "Vadim Perelman", "Screenplay by": "Bennett Fisher", "Based on": "Damascus \u00b7 by Bennett Fisher", "Produced by": "- Bradley Gallo - Norman Golightly - Sean Harner - Michael Helfant - Jib Polhemus", "Starring": "- Kodi Smit-McPhee - Djimon Hounsou", "Cinematography": "C. Kim Miles", "Edited by": "Mike Munn", "Production \u00b7 companies": "- WestEnd Films - Amasia Entertainment - Van Evera - Dark Castle Entertainment", "Language": "English"}}]

false

# Operation Chin Brotherhood In June 2024, the Chin Brotherhood Alliance, a military alliance of several Chin ethnic organisations, launched Operation Chin Brotherhood, shortened to Operation CB, an operation to capture regions which the CBA is active in. This operation has been aided by several non-Chin groups, notably the Rakhine-led Arakan Army and the Magway Region-based Yaw Army. During the offensives, five town's have been captured by the CBA: Matupi, Lailenpi, Mindat, Kanpetlet, and Falam. ## Preceding Offensives Before the launch of Operation CB, the CBA launched several other offensives. On 22 December 2023, the CBA began an offensive on the strategically important town of Kyindwe, Kanpetlet Township, planning to capture the town by Christmas. After intensifying operations in March 2024, the CBA captured the town on 29 April 2024. After Kyindwe's capture, the CBA moved on Tedim on 26 May. After capturing several positions in the city, the offensive stalled, with both Chin and junta forces remaining in the town. ## Operation Chin Brotherhood On 9 June, the CBA, Arakan Army and Magway-based Yaw Army began Operation Chin Brotherhood, attacking Matupi, officially announcing its start 4 days later. Shortly after the announcement, the Chinland Council issued a statement asking the Arakan Army to refrain from military and administrative operations in Chinland. Despite this, the offensive continued with CBA aligned forces capturing one of the two junta battalion bases outside Matupi on 17 June. Clashes between the CBA and CBA broke out during the push towards the final base, leading to 2 CBA deaths. The CNA/Chinland Council was forced to retreat from the Matupi area by 24 June On 29 June, the CBA captured the remaining junta base near Matupi and took over the town. Infighting continued with CNA detaining other Yaw Defense Force soldiers and MDF (under the CBA) and AA taking Lailenpi, Matupi Township from the CDF-Mara and CNA on 11 July. On 9 November, the Chin Brotherhood Alliance relaunched Operation Chin Brotherhood, launching simultaneous offensives on Falam and Mindat, capturing most of the former. On 15 December, 123 junta troops and police officers from Mindat district and township police compounds, together with their families, surrendered to the CBA. On 21 December, the CBA declared Mindat a junta-free zone following the capture of the town. The following day, neighboring Kanpetlet was peacefully captured after junta forces retreated, leading to the liberation of the entirety of southern Chin State. On 7 April 2025, the Chin Brotherhood captured IB 268, the last remaining junta outpost in Falam.

enwiki/79355439

enwiki

79,355,439

Operation Chin Brotherhood

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Chin_Brotherhood

2025-04-13T11:25:14Z

en

Q133284152

85,332

{{Short description|Military offensive in Chin State, Myanmar}} {{more citations needed|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Operation Chin Brotherhood | partof = the [[Chin theater]] of the [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]] | image = | caption = | date = 9 June 2024 - ''present'' | place = [[Chin State]], [[Myanmar]] | result = Ongoing | combatant1 = {{flagdeco|MYA}} [[State Administration Council]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} [[Tatmadaw]] ** {{army|MYA}} *** {{flagicon image|Mm-north-western-rmc.svg}} [[Northwestern Regional Military Command (Myanmar)|Northwestern Command]] ** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Police Force.svg}} [[Myanmar Police Force]] | combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Chin State.svg}} [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]] *{{flagicon image|ULA-AA Flag.svg}} [[Arakan Army]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of PDF Myanmar.svg}} [[People's Defence Force (Myanmar)|People's Defence Force]] * Yaw Army | commander1 = Unknown | commander2 = Unknown | units1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} [[Tatmadaw]] * {{army|MYA}} * {{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Police Force.svg}} [[Myanmar Police Force]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Myanmar.svg}} [[Pyusawhti militia]] | units2 = * {{flagicon image|Flag of Chin State.svg}} [[Chinland Defense Force]] * {{flagicon image|CNO-CNDF_Flag.svg}} [[Chin National Defence Force]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of PDF Myanmar.svg}} Local PDFs | strength1 = 400+ | strength2 = Unknown | casualties1 = | casualties2 = | notes = | campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Myanmar Civil War (2021-2023)}} }} In June 2024, the [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]], a military alliance of several [[Chin people|Chin]] [[list of ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar|ethnic organisations]], launched '''Operation Chin Brotherhood''', shortened to '''Operation CB''', an operation to capture regions which the CBA is active in. This operation has been aided by several non-Chin groups, notably the [[Rakhine people|Rakhine]]-led [[Arakan Army]] and the [[Magway Region]]-based Yaw Army. During the offensives, five town's have been captured by the CBA: [[Matupi, Myanmar|Matupi]], [[Lailenpi]], [[Mindat, Chin State|Mindat]], [[Kanpetlet]], and [[Falam, Myanmar|Falam]]. ==Preceding Offensives== Before the launch of Operation CB, the CBA launched several other offensives. On 22 December 2023, the CBA began an [[Battle of Kyindwe|offensive]] on the strategically important town of Kyindwe, [[Kanpetlet Township]], planning to capture the town by [[Christmas]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Chin Anti-Regime Groups Target Town Despite Myanmar Junta Reinforcements |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/chin-anti-regime-groups-target-town-despite-myanmar-junta-reinforcements.html |date=April 30, 2024 |work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> After intensifying operations in March 2024, the CBA captured the town on 29 April 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=As Myawaddy Made Headlines, Myanmar's Resistance Took Bigger Prize: Kyindwe |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/analysis/as-myawaddy-made-headlines-myanmars-resistance-took-bigger-prize-kyindwe.html |date=May 2, 2024 |work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> After Kyindwe's capture, the CBA moved on [[Tedim]] on 26 May. After capturing several positions in the city, the offensive stalled, with both Chin and junta forces remaining in the town.<ref>{{cite news |title=Junta and Chin Resistance Forces Share Control Over Tedim Town |url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/junta-and-chin-resistance-forces-share-control-over-tedim-town |date=June 13, 2024 |work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> ==Operation Chin Brotherhood== On 9 June, the CBA, Arakan Army and [[Magway Region|Magway]]-based Yaw Army began Operation Chin Brotherhood, attacking [[Matupi, Myanmar|Matupi]], officially announcing its start 4 days later.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 June 2024 |title=Operation Chin Brotherhood Sees Swift Success Against Myanmar Junta Troops |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/operation-chin-brotherhood-sees-swift-success-against-myanmar-junta-troops.html |access-date=16 June 2024 |work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> Shortly after the announcement, the [[Chinland Council]] issued a statement asking the Arakan Army to refrain from military and administrative operations in [[Chinland]].<ref>{{cite news |title=The Chin Council asked the AA not to conduct military operations in Chin State |url=https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/chinland-aa-control-06112024141836.html |date=11 June 2024 |work=Radio Free Asia |language=my}}</ref> Despite this, the offensive continued with CBA aligned forces capturing one of the two junta battalion bases outside Matupi on 17 June.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chin Brotherhood Alliance on the Path towards Liberating Southern Chin State from Junta control |url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/chin-brotherhood-alliance-path-towards-liberating-southern-chin-state-junta-control |date=19 June 2024 |work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> Clashes between the CBA and CBA broke out during the push towards the final base, leading to 2 CBA deaths.<ref>{{cite news |title=Two Fighters Killed as Rival Myanmar Resistance Groups Clash in Chin State |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/two-fighters-killed-as-rival-myanmar-resistance-groups-clash-in-chin-state.html |date=20 June 2024 |work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> The CNA/Chinland Council was forced to retreat from the Matupi area by 24 June<ref>{{cite news |title=Chin Brotherhood Hails Progress Against Myanmar Junta |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/chin-brotherhood-hails-progress-against-myanmar-junta.html |date=26 June 2024 |work=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> On 29 June, the CBA captured the remaining junta base near Matupi and took over the town.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Chin Brotherhood alliance took over the town of Mutipi |url=https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/matupi-chin-brotherhood-occupied-06292024125225.html |date=30 June 2024 |work=Radio Free Asia |language=my}}</ref> Infighting continued with CNA detaining other Yaw Defense Force soldiers<ref>{{cite news |title=2 Yaw soldiers arrested by CNA released |url=https://bur.mizzima.com/2024/07/12/27140 |date=12 July 2024 |work=Mizzima |language=my}}</ref> and MDF (under the CBA) and AA taking Lailenpi, [[Matupi Township]] from the CDF-Mara and CNA on 11 July.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lailenpi Under MDF Control Amid Tension Between Mara Armed Forces |url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/lailenpi-under-mdf-control-amid-tension-between-mara-armed-forces |date=18 July 2024 |work=Khonumthung News}}</ref> On 9 November, the [[Chin Brotherhood Alliance]] relaunched Operation Chin Brotherhood, launching simultaneous offensives on [[Falam]] and [[Mindat, Chin State|Mindat]], capturing most of the former.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fighting Flares as Chin Rebels Launch Fresh Offensive |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/war-against-the-junta/fighting-flares-as-chin-rebels-launch-fresh-offensive.html |work=The Irrawaddy |date=15 November 2024}}</ref> On 15 December, 123 junta troops and police officers from Mindat district and township police compounds, together with their families, surrendered to the CBA.<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 100 Junta Troops Surrender in Mindat |url=https://www.narinjara.com/news/detail/67659e00a1d7dc7ac286e691 |work=Narinjara News |date=16 December 2024 |access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref> On 21 December, the CBA declared Mindat a junta-free zone following the capture of the town.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mindat Declared Junta-Free After 42-Day Operation |url=https://eng.mizzima.com/2024/12/25/17677 |work=Mizzima News |date=25 December 2024 |access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref> The following day, neighboring [[Kanpetlet]] was peacefully captured after junta forces retreated, leading to the liberation of the entirety of southern Chin State.<ref>{{cite news |title=Myanmar Junta Grip on Chin State Hangs by Thread |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/analysis/myanmar-junta-grip-on-chin-state-hangs-by-thread.html |work=The Irrawaddy |date=9 January 2025}}</ref> On 7 April 2025, the Chin Brotherhood captured IB 268, the last remaining junta outpost in Falam.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chin Rebels Rout Myanmar Junta From Falam After Five-Month Battle |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/chin-rebels-rout-myanmar-junta-from-falam-after-five-month-battle.html |work=The Irrawaddy |date=8 April 2025}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Military operations of the Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]

1,285,381,027

[{"title": "Operation Chin Brotherhood", "data": {"Date": "9 June 2024 - present", "Location": "Chin State, Myanmar", "Result": "Ongoing"}}, {"title": "Belligerents", "data": {"State Administration Council - Tatmadaw - Myanmar Army - Northwestern Command - Myanmar Police Force": "Chin Brotherhood Alliance \u00b7 - Arakan Army - People's Defence Force - Yaw Army"}}, {"title": "Commanders and leaders", "data": {"Unknown": "Unknown"}}, {"title": "Units involved", "data": {"Tatmadaw - Myanmar Army - Myanmar Police Force - Pyusawhti militia": "- Chinland Defense Force - Chin National Defence Force - Local PDFs"}}, {"title": "Strength", "data": {"400+": "Unknown"}}]

false

# Chuncheon Chuncheon (Korean: 춘천; Hanja: 春川市; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʰun.tɕʰʌn]; literally spring river), formerly romanized as Ch'unch'ŏn, is the capital of Gangwon Province, South Korea. The city lies in the north of the country, located in a basin formed by the Soyang River and Han River. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably Soyang Lake and Uiam Lake (or Uiam Dam). The area has small river islands, such as Sangjungdo, Ha-Jungdo, Bungeodo, and Wido. It is a popular destination among East Asian tourists as it was featured in the popular Korean drama Winter Sonata. It is where the resort island of Namiseom is located. Also, Gangwon Provincial Office is located in the city. ## History The area now occupied by the city was first settled several thousands of years ago, in prehistoric times, as demonstrated by stone-age archaeological evidence in the collections of Chuncheon National Museum and Hallym University Museum. In 637 AD the city was called Usooju. In 757 AD it was renamed Saku and again in 940 AD as Chunju (춘주; 春州) before receiving its current name in 1413. In 1896, Chuncheon became the capital city of Gangwon province. The city was largely destroyed during the Korean War in the Battle of Chuncheon. Uiam Dam on the Bukhan River was completed in 1967. In 1995 Chuncheon city was merged with the government of the surrounding Chuncheon county. ## Culture In the spring, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival is held, as well as the Spring Season Art Festival. In the summer, the Chuncheon Puppet Festival takes place. There is also a Makguksu festival; a cold noodle dish that originated in Chuncheon. Also celebrated in the summer is the International Animation Festival. The city has had its own annual marathon race since 1946; the Chuncheon Marathon is held every October. In winter, snow and ice festivals are organized. Currently, MAC Architects-Consultants Group Ltd. (명승건축그룹) is building the Design and Arts Arcadia of Myungseung in Chuncheon. According to the legend surrounding the temple Cheongpyeongsa in Chuncheon, a man loved a princess so much that he became a snake and would not leave her alone. When she begged leave to collect rice from the temple, the snake let her go but then went looking for her, only to be struck dead by lightning. The princess then buried him at the temple. ## Food The city was historically known as a chicken farming region, and is famous for "dak galbi", which translates as chicken ribs. It consists of chicken, sliced cabbage, sweet potatoes, tteok (rice cakes), and scallions, mixed with a spicy sauce heavy on gochujang. It is usually cooked in a big iron pan in the center of the table, but the original method is over charcoal. Despite the name, the dish is traditionally made from leg meat, not ribs. There is even a street in the city dedicated to restaurants serving the dish, with some 25 restaurants populating the area. Also, the regional specialty Makguksu noodles are famed throughout the country. ## Tourism ### Festivities #### Cultural festival Gim Yujeong munhakje is a literature festival that takes place in April every year in memorial of the novelist Gim Yujeong. Uiam jae is another festival in April in which people worship Nongae who sacrificed herself for the country. In May, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival gathers troupes from places including Denmark, Taiwan, Germany etc., to give theatre and dance performance. Chuncheon art festival in July provides performers with opportunities to show off their talents and skills. Chuncheon International Early Music Festival also takes place in July with a wide range of classical traditional music of Korea. Chuncheon Puppet Festival showcases traditional puppet shows every August while traditional theatre plays are performed on Chuncheon International Theatre Festival in September Chuncheon International AniTown Festival in September is a free event that enables participants to learn more about animation production. #### Local festivals In August, visitors can enjoy traditional Chuncheon cuisines like Dak-galbi (spicy stir-fried chicken) and Mak-guksu (buckwheat noodles) during the Chuncheon Dakgalbi & Makguksu Festival. The Soyang festival, which takes place in September, promotes the cultural history of the Soyang Dam. #### Leisure sports festival There are three marathons in Chuncheon every year. The National inlineskate Chuncheon Marathon takes place in April while The Chosun Ilbo Chuncheon Marathon and the Lakeside Chuncheon Marathon Festival are both held in October. People participate in Chuncheon Open International Taekwondo Championships in June to compete for championship in the Korean martial arts Taekwondo. Gangchon national MTB Challenge Competition September is a mountain bike racing festival. ### Legoland Korea Resort Legoland Korea Resort in Chuncheon covers 280,000 square meters, making it the 2nd largest in Asia behind Legoland Malaysia Resort. ## Economy Chuncheon is the market center for agricultural produce from the surrounding area. The main products are rice and soybeans. Since the 1960s light industry has become dominant in the city. After the huge success of the TV drama Winter Sonata, the city has also become a major "Korean Wave" (Han-ryu, 한류) tourist destination, attracting visitors from around East Asia. Legoland Korea on Jungdo Island opened on May 5, 2022, featuring seven clusters with different themes and 40 attractions. There are hydroelectric powerplants in the area around Chuncheon. The Soyang Dam is the largest sand gravel dam in East Asia. ## Population Per Korean census data, Chuncheon's population has grown steadily over the past half century. | Year | Pop. | ±% | | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | ----- | | 1965 | 191,576 | — | | 1970 | 209,821 | +9.5% | | 1975 | 204,246 | −2.7% | | 1980 | 210,985 | +3.3% | | 1985 | 213,198 | +1.0% | | 1990 | 217,869 | +2.2% | | 1995 | 233,016 | +7.0% | | 2000 | 251,991 | +8.1% | | 2005 | 256,455 | +1.8% | | 2010 | 272,739 | +6.3% | | 2015 | 281,725 | +3.3% | | 2020 | 284,645 | +1.0% | | Source: Statistics Korea (1965-2015), citypopulation.de (2020) | | | ## Education National Universities - Kangwon National University - Chuncheon National University of Education - Korea National Open University Gangwon Campus - Korea Polytechnic 3 University Private Universities - Hallym University - Hallym Sungsim University - Songgok College ## Transportation As of June 2014, there are two train stations in the Chuncheon suburban area: the terminus of the Gyeongchun Line, Chuncheon station, and the busier Namchuncheon station. Gimyujeong, Baegyang-ri, Gulbongsan, and Gangchon stations, all located in rural Chuncheon, attract tourists. Gangchon is one of the most favorite recreational destinations for university students. The Gyeongchun Line is a double track rapid transit commuter train that connects to Yongsan, Cheongnyangni and Sangbong stations in Seoul. On 21 December 2010, a new realignment of the Gyeongchun Line was opened, and several new or transferable stations have since been opened to replace the existing stations outside Chuncheon, such as Cheonmasan, Sinnae, and Byeollae. There is the Gyeongchun Line subway in Chuncheon. If you use the Gyeongchun Line, you can get to Chuncheon in an hour and a half from Seoul. Chuncheon is the northern terminus of the publicly funded Jungang Expressway, and the main destination of the privately run Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway, also known as Gyeongchun Expressway that connects to Seoul and Hongcheon-east. As of 2017, the expressway has been extended to east coast city of Yangyang, thus renamed to Seoul-Yangyang Expressway. Chuncheon Bus Terminal connects to all major cities in mainland South Korea. On National roads-wise, Chuncheon is also the main strategic destination that connects between Changwon to Cheolwon of Route (Number) 5, Incheon to Goseong of 46, and Cheolwon to Yangyang of 56. There are also river transport facilities in Soyangho (Lake Soyang), which connects to Cheongpyeongsa (청평사, Buddhist) temple. ## Climate Chuncheon has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa) with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. The lowest measured temperature was −27.9 °C (−18 °F) (6 February 1969), and the highest was 39.5 °C (103 °F) (1 August 2018). The annual precipitation is an average of 1347.3 mm. | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | Climate data for Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | | Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Record high °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) | 19.9 (67.8) | 23.5 (74.3) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.0 (93.2) | 36.4 (97.5) | 37.2 (99.0) | 39.5 (103.1) | 34.7 (94.5) | 28.5 (83.3) | 24.8 (76.6) | 16.6 (61.9) | 39.5 (103.1) | | Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.9 (35.4) | 5.4 (41.7) | 11.6 (52.9) | 18.9 (66.0) | 24.3 (75.7) | 28.1 (82.6) | 29.3 (84.7) | 29.9 (85.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 19.6 (67.3) | 11.2 (52.2) | 3.5 (38.3) | 17.4 (63.3) | | Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.1 (24.6) | −1.0 (30.2) | 5.0 (41.0) | 11.7 (53.1) | 17.6 (63.7) | 22.2 (72.0) | 24.9 (76.8) | 25.0 (77.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 12.7 (54.9) | 5.3 (41.5) | −2.0 (28.4) | 11.4 (52.5) | | Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) | −6.7 (19.9) | −1.1 (30.0) | 4.7 (40.5) | 11.3 (52.3) | 17.0 (62.6) | 21.3 (70.3) | 21.3 (70.3) | 15.3 (59.5) | 7.5 (45.5) | 0.4 (32.7) | −6.6 (20.1) | 6.3 (43.3) | | Record low °C (°F) | −25.6 (−14.1) | −27.9 (−18.2) | −16.2 (2.8) | −6.4 (20.5) | 1.6 (34.9) | 5.6 (42.1) | 11.7 (53.1) | 11.3 (52.3) | 1.9 (35.4) | −5.4 (22.3) | −15.8 (3.6) | −21.7 (−7.1) | −27.9 (−18.2) | | Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18.6 (0.73) | 27.6 (1.09) | 33.5 (1.32) | 71.5 (2.81) | 99.4 (3.91) | 122.9 (4.84) | 398.2 (15.68) | 319.9 (12.59) | 128.1 (5.04) | 49.3 (1.94) | 48.3 (1.90) | 24.2 (0.95) | 1,341.5 (52.81) | | Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.2 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 9.1 | 9.9 | 15.6 | 14.0 | 8.3 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 106.1 | | Average snowy days | 8.8 | 6.3 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 6.7 | 27.7 | | Average relative humidity (%) | 68.0 | 63.2 | 60.6 | 58.8 | 65.0 | 70.6 | 80.0 | 80.5 | 78.2 | 76.2 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 70.5 | | Mean monthly sunshine hours | 170.0 | 174.3 | 199.9 | 210.1 | 227.5 | 205.0 | 144.2 | 166.3 | 173.3 | 178.9 | 141.8 | 148.4 | 2,139.7 | | Percentage possible sunshine | 54.1 | 56.6 | 53.3 | 54.5 | 50.2 | 45.3 | 32.1 | 40.1 | 46.6 | 50.0 | 46.4 | 50.0 | 47.7 | | Source: Korea Meteorological Administration (snow and percent sunshine 1981–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ## Sports - Chuncheon Songam Sports Town ### International competitions High1 (하이원) is an ice hockey team based in Chuncheon. The club was a member of the Asia League Ice Hockey between 2005 and 2019. ### Domestic competitions Chuncheon's association football club, Chuncheon FC, is a member of the K4 League, a semi-professional football competition and the fourth tier of the South Korean football league system. The club was founded on 27 February 2010 with its home at the Chuncheon Stadium. ## Notable people - Son Heung-Min (손흥민), South Korean professional footballer - Hwang Hee-chan (황희찬), South Korean professional footballer - Hur Jae (허재), South Korean basketball coach and former basketball player - Kim Jun-hyun (김준현), South Korean comedian - Park Bo-ram (박보람), South Korean singer-songwriter - Seunghee (Real Name: Hyun Seung-hee, 현승희), singer, dancer, actress and K-pop idol, member of K-pop girl group Oh My Girl - Yebin (Real Name: Baek Ye-bin, 백예빈), singer-songwriter, dancer, composer and K-pop idol, former member of K-pop girl groups DIA and Uni.T. - Changjo (Real Name: Choi Jong-hyun, 최종현), singer-songwriter, rapper, dancer, model, actor and K-pop idol, member of K-pop boy group Teen Top - Gim Yu-jeong (김유정), one of the novelists of Korea - Jin Jong-oh (진종오), a South Korean sports shooter who competed at the 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics - Han Seung-soo (한승수), the 39th prime minister of Rep. of Korea, tenure 2008–2009 - Minji (Real Name: Kim Min-ji, 김민지), singer-songwriter, dancer, and K-pop idol, member of K-pop girl group NewJeans ## Sister cities Chuncheon protested against the enactment of "Day of Takeshima" ordinance of Shimane Prefecture, which expressed dispute over the Dokdo Islands, and announced suspension of its sisterhood relationship with Kakamigahara in March 2005. | City | State | Country | Year launched | Year terminated | | ----------------------- | -------------------- | ------------- | ----------------- | --------------- | | Higashichikuma District | Nagano Prefecture | Japan | 8 June 1984 | | | Hōfu | Yamaguchi Prefecture | Japan | 29 October 1991 | | | Dongdaemun District | Seoul | South Korea | 2003 | | | Ansan | Gyeonggi Province | South Korea | 2011 | | | Kakamigahara | Gifu Prefecture | Japan | 31 October 2003 | 25 June 2005 | | Addis Ababa | Addis Ababa (State) | Ethiopia | 2 May 2004 | | | Chicago | Illinois | United States | 1998 | | | Nanyang | Henan | China | 15 September 2012 | |

enwiki/502379

enwiki

502,379

Chuncheon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuncheon

2025-07-19T17:50:25Z

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{{Short description|City in Gangwon, South Korea}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Chuncheon | native_name = {{lang|ko|춘천}} | settlement_type = [[Cities of South Korea|Municipal City]] | translit_lang1 = Korean | translit_lang1_type1 = [[Hangul]] | translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ko|춘천시}} | translit_lang1_type2 = [[Hanja]] | translit_lang1_info2 = {{lang|ko|春川市}} | translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap|Revised Romanization}} | translit_lang1_info3 = Chuncheon-si | translit_lang1_type4 = {{nowrap|McCune–Reischauer}} | translit_lang1_info4 = Ch'unch'ŏn-si | image_skyline = {{multiple image | caption_align = center | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | perrow = 1/2/2/2 | color = white | image1 = 2016년 7월 22일 춘천시 전경 DSC03810.jpg | caption1 = Panoramic view of Chuncheon | image2 = Naminara Island.jpg | caption2 = [[Namiseom]] | image3 = KBS Chuncheon Broadcasting Branch Office-01.jpg | caption3 = [[KBS ]] Chuncheon | image4 = KangwonUniv Mirae.jpg | caption4 = [[Kangwon National University]] | image5 = 20231226 레고랜드코리아 정문 전경.jpg | caption5 = [[Legoland Korea]] | image6 = 국립춘천박물관 정면.jpg | caption6 = [[Chuncheon National Museum]] | image7 = Chuncheon City Hall 231207.jpg | caption7 = Chuncheon City Hall }} | image_map = Gangwon-Chuncheon.svg | mapsize = | map_caption = Location in South Korea | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[South Korea]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Korea|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Yeongseo, Gwandong]] | population_blank1_title = Dialect | population_blank1 = [[Gangwon Province (South Korea)|Gangwon]] | area_total_km2 = 1,116.41 | population_as_of = September 2024<ref>{{cite web |url=https://jumin.mois.go.kr/|title=Population statistics |date=2024|website=Korea Ministry of the Interior and Safety}}</ref> | population_total = 286,124 | population_density_km2 = 225 | parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of South Korea|Administrative divisions]] | parts = 1 ''eup'', 9 ''myeon'', 15 ''dong'' | coordinates = {{coord|37|52|N|127|44|E|region:KR-42|display=it}} | blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank_info = [[Humid continental climate#Hot/warm summer subtype|Dwa]] | image_flag = Flag of Chuncheon.svg | area_code = +82-33-2xx | image_blank_emblem = Red star.svg | blank_emblem_type = Badge | government_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chuncheon.go.kr/mayor/ |title=chuncheon mayor |date=2024|website=chuncheon City }}</ref> | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Yuk Dong-han ({{Korean|hangul=육동한|labels=no}}) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 =  }} [[File:Gangwon Provincial Office Annex (1).jpg|thumb|Gangwon Provincial Office Annex in Chuncheon]] '''Chuncheon''' ({{Korean|hangul=춘천|hanja=春川市}}; {{IPA|ko|tɕʰun.tɕʰʌn}}; literally ''spring river''), formerly romanized as '''Ch'unch'ŏn''', is the capital of [[Gangwon Province, South Korea]]. The city lies in the north of the country, located in a basin formed by the [[Soyang River]] and [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]]. There are some large lakes around the city, most notably [[Soyang Lake]] and Uiam Lake (or [[Uiam Dam]]). The area has small river islands, such as Sangjungdo, Ha-Jungdo, Bungeodo, and Wido. It is a popular destination among East Asian tourists as it was featured in the popular Korean drama ''[[Winter Sonata]]''. It is where the resort island of [[Namiseom]] is located. Also, Gangwon Provincial Office is located in the city. ==History== The area now occupied by the city was first settled several thousands of years ago, in prehistoric times, as demonstrated by stone-age archaeological evidence in the collections of [[Chuncheon National Museum]] and [[Hallym University]] Museum. In 637 AD the city was called ''Usooju''. In 757 AD it was renamed ''Saku'' and again in 940 AD as ''Chunju'' ({{Korean|labels=no|춘주|春州}}) before receiving its current name in 1413. In 1896, Chuncheon became the capital city of [[Gangwon (historical)|Gangwon]] province. The city was largely destroyed during the [[Korean War]] in the [[Battle of Chuncheon]]. [[Uiam Dam]] on the Bukhan River was completed in 1967.<ref name="KimKongbogwan1978">{{cite book|author1=Young-kwon Kim|author2=Korea (South). Haeoe Kongbogwan|author3=Soo-jung Lee|title=A Handbook of Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8IEJAQAAIAAJ|access-date=10 June 2013|year=1978|publisher=Korean Overseas Information Service, Ministry of Culture and Information|page=576}}</ref> In 1995 Chuncheon city was merged with the government of the surrounding Chuncheon county. ==Culture== In the spring, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival is held, as well as the Spring Season Art Festival. In the summer, the [[Chuncheon Puppet Festival]] takes place. There is also a [[Makguksu]] festival; a cold noodle dish that originated in Chuncheon. Also celebrated in the summer is the International Animation Festival. The city has had its own annual [[marathon]] race since 1946; the [[Chuncheon Marathon]] is held every October. In winter, snow and ice festivals are organized. Currently, MAC Architects-Consultants Group Ltd. ({{Korean|명승건축그룹|labels=no}}) is building the [[Design and Arts Arcadia of Myungseung]] in Chuncheon. According to the legend surrounding the temple [[Cheongpyeongsa]] in Chuncheon, a man loved a princess so much that he became a snake and would not leave her alone. When she begged leave to collect rice from the temple, the snake let her go but then went looking for her, only to be struck dead by lightning. The princess then buried him at the temple.<ref>Cin Woo Lee [http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/visit/33-beautiful-temples-enlightenment-857401 "Simply stunning: 33 incredible Korean temples"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417153903/http://www.cnngo.com/seoul/visit/33-beautiful-temples-enlightenment-857401 |date=17 April 2012 }} ''CNN Go''. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012</ref> ==Food== The city was historically known as a chicken farming region, and is famous for "[[dak galbi]]", which translates as chicken ribs. It consists of chicken, sliced [[cabbage]], [[sweet potato]]es, ''[[tteok]]'' (rice cakes), and [[scallion]]s, mixed with a spicy sauce heavy on [[gochujang]]. It is usually cooked in a big iron pan in the center of the table, but the original method is over charcoal. Despite the name, the dish is traditionally made from leg meat, not ribs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hansik.org/zh/restaurant/recommendRestaurantView.do?fboardId=1077 |title=Hansik.org |access-date=9 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402111658/http://www.hansik.org/zh/restaurant/recommendRestaurantView.do?fboardId=1077 |archive-date=2 April 2012 }}</ref> There is even a street in the city dedicated to restaurants serving the dish, with some 25 restaurants populating the area.<ref>[http://english.tour2korea.com/03Sightseeing/DestinationsByThemes/Depth04.asp?sight=Sightseeing&sightseeing_id=456&ADDRESS_1=15741&ADDRESS_2=14794&ThemeCode=Sightseeing_17&kosm=m3_2 Chuncheon's Dakgalbi (spicy stir-fried chicken with vegetables)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192627/http://english.tour2korea.com/03Sightseeing/DestinationsByThemes/Depth04.asp?sight=Sightseeing&sightseeing_id=456&ADDRESS_1=15741&ADDRESS_2=14794&ThemeCode=Sightseeing_17&kosm=m3_2 |date=27 September 2007 }}, Tour2Korea.com, Retrieved on 14 April 2006</ref> Also, the regional specialty [[Makguksu]] noodles are famed throughout the country. ==Tourism== {{multiple issues|section=yes |{{travel guide|section|date=December 2018}} {{prose|section|date=December 2018}} }} ===Festivities=== ====Cultural festival==== [[Gim Yujeong]] munhakje is a literature festival that takes place in April every year in memorial of the novelist [[Gim Yujeong]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20105&cont_code=61&pmode=content_view |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508114607/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20105&cont_code=61&pmode=content_view |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Uiam jae is another festival in April in which people worship [[Nongae]] who sacrificed herself for the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20106 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508120413/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20106 |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> In May, the Chuncheon International Mime Festival gathers troupes from places including Denmark, Taiwan, Germany etc., to give theatre and dance performance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20101 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508115358/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20101 |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Chuncheon art festival in July provides performers with opportunities to show off their talents and skills.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20107 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508114355/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20107 |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> Chuncheon International Early Music Festival also takes place in July with a wide range of classical [[traditional music of Korea]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20112 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508124519/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20112 |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> [[Chuncheon Puppet Festival]] showcases traditional puppet shows every August while traditional theatre plays are performed on Chuncheon International Theatre Festival in September<ref>{{cite web|url=http://citf.or.kr/english/|title=CITF|website=citf.or.kr|access-date=24 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403142627/http://citf.or.kr/english/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Chuncheon International AniTown Festival in September is a free event that enables participants to learn more about animation production.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gimc.or.kr/hb/eng/|title=GimC:Gangwon Information & Multimedia Corporation|website=gimc.or.kr}}</ref> ====Local festivals==== In August, visitors can enjoy traditional Chuncheon cuisines like [[Dak-galbi]] (spicy stir-fried chicken) and [[Mak-guksu]] (buckwheat noodles) during the [[Dak-galbi|Chuncheon]] Dakgalbi & Makguksu Festival.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mdfestival.com/ |script-title=ko:2018 춘천막국수닭갈비축제|website=Mdfestival.com}}</ref> The Soyang festival, which takes place in September, promotes the cultural history of the [[Soyang Dam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20111 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508113824/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20111 |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref> ====Leisure sports festival==== There are three marathons in Chuncheon every year. The National inlineskate Chuncheon Marathon takes place in April while The Chosun Ilbo Chuncheon Marathon<ref>{{cite web|title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr|url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20602|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325185844/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20602|archive-date=25 March 2016|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> and the Lakeside Chuncheon Marathon Festival<ref>{{cite web|last=춘천호반마라톤대회|first=2018 함기용 세계제패기념 제15회|script-title=ko:2018 함기용 세계제패기념 제15회 춘천호반마라톤대회|url=http://hoban.wizrun.com/|website=hoban.wizrun.com}}</ref> are both held in October.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20603 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325190059/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20603 |archive-date=25 March 2016 }}</ref> People participate in Chuncheon Open International Taekwondo Championships in June to compete for championship in the [[Korean martial arts]] [[Taekwondo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.koreaopentkd.org/|title=koreaopentkd.org|website=Koreaopentkd.org}}</ref> Gangchon national MTB Challenge Competition September is a [[mountain bike racing]] festival.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20604 |title=Tour.chuncheon.go.kr |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325161400/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/open_content/page/sub02/sub02.asp?Mcode=20604 |archive-date=25 March 2016 }}</ref> ===Legoland Korea Resort=== {{Main|Legoland Korea Resort}} [[File:20231226 레고랜드코리아 정문 전경.jpg|thumb|[[Legoland Korea]]]] Legoland Korea Resort in Chuncheon covers 280,000 square meters, making it the 2nd largest in Asia behind [[Legoland Malaysia Resort]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2021/09/28/business/industry/legoland-legoland-korea-resort-theme-park/20210928175752972.html | title=Korea's own Legoland to open next May | date=September 28, 2021 }}</ref> ==Economy== Chuncheon is the market center for agricultural produce from the surrounding area. The main products are rice and [[soybean]]s. Since the 1960s [[light industry]] has become dominant in the city. After the huge success of the TV drama ''[[Winter Sonata]]'', the city has also become a major "[[Korean Wave]]" (''Han-ryu'', {{lang|ko|한류}}) tourist destination, attracting visitors from around East Asia.<ref>[http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/sub02/sub02_06_05.html A promo page of Gangwon Drama Gallery] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20070927005743/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/sub02/sub02_06_05.html |date=27 September 2007 }}, Chuncheon, 2005</ref> Legoland Korea on Jungdo Island opened on May 5, 2022, featuring seven clusters with different themes and 40 attractions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Legoland Korea, a decade in the making, opens on Children's Day|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/05/05/business/industry/korea-legoland-amusementpark/20220505181626787.html|website=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]|date = 5 May 2014|access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> There are [[hydroelectric powerplant]]s in the area around Chuncheon. The [[Soyang Dam]] is the largest sand gravel dam in East Asia.<ref name="lifeinkorea">[http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Travel2/kangwon/366 Lake Soyang (Gangwon province)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911082447/http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Travel2/kangwon/366 |date=11 September 2007 }}</ref> ==Population== Per Korean census data, Chuncheon's population has grown steadily over the past half century. {{Historical populations | 1965 | 191,576 | 1970 | 209,821 | 1975 | 204,246 | 1980 | 210,985 | 1985 | 213,198 | 1990 | 217,869 | 1995 | 233,016 | 2000 | 251,991 | 2005 | 256,455 | 2010 | 272,739 | 2015 | 281,725 | 2020 | 284,645 | align = none | source = [[Statistics Korea]] (1965-2015),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/index.action|script-title=ko:통계청|website=Kostat.go.kr|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> citypopulation.de (2020)<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/southkorea/cities/ Chuncheon population statistics]</ref> }} ==Education== ;National Universities *[[Kangwon National University]] *[[Chuncheon National University of Education]] *[[Korea National Open University]] Gangwon Campus *Korea Polytechnic 3 University ;Private Universities *[[Hallym University]] *Hallym Sungsim University *Songgok College ==Transportation== [[Image:춘천역.JPG|200px|thumb|[[Chuncheon station]]]] As of June 2014, there are two train stations in the Chuncheon suburban area: the terminus of the [[Gyeongchun Line]], [[Chuncheon station]], and the busier [[Namchuncheon station]]. [[Gimyujeong station|Gimyujeong]], [[Baegyang-ri station|Baegyang-ri]], [[Gulbongsan station|Gulbongsan]], and [[Gangchon station|Gangchon]] stations, all located in rural Chuncheon, attract tourists. Gangchon is one of the most favorite recreational destinations for university students. The [[Gyeongchun Line]] is a [[double track]] [[rapid transit]] commuter train that connects to [[Yongsan station|Yongsan]], [[Cheongnyangni station|Cheongnyangni]] and [[Sangbong station|Sangbong]] stations in [[Seoul]]. On 21 December 2010, a new realignment of the Gyeongchun Line was opened, and several new or transferable stations have since been opened to replace the existing stations outside Chuncheon, such as [[Cheonmasan station|Cheonmasan]], [[Sinnae station|Sinnae]], and [[Byeollae station|Byeollae]]. There is the Gyeongchun Line subway in Chuncheon. If you use the Gyeongchun Line, you can get to Chuncheon in an hour and a half from Seoul. Chuncheon is the northern terminus of the [[Korea Expressway Corporation|publicly funded]] [[Jungang Expressway]], and the main destination of the privately run [[Seoul–Yangyang Expressway|Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway]], also known as Gyeongchun Expressway that connects to [[Seoul]] and [[Hongcheon]]-east.<ref>In contrast of private-owned Seoul-Chuncheon, The current line of Chuncheon Junction to East [[Hongcheon]] interchange is run by [[Korea Expressway Corporation|KEC]], publicly.</ref> As of 2017, the expressway has been extended to east coast city of Yangyang, thus renamed to Seoul-Yangyang Expressway. Chuncheon Bus Terminal connects to all major cities in mainland South Korea. On [[National highways of South Korea|National roads-wise]], Chuncheon is also the main strategic destination that connects between [[Changwon]] to [[Cheorwon County|Cheolwon]] of Route (Number) 5, [[Incheon]] to [[Goseong County, Gangwon|Goseong]] of [[National Route 46 (South Korea)|46]], and [[Cheorwon County|Cheolwon]] to [[Yangyang]] of 56. There are also river transport facilities in Soyangho (Lake Soyang), which connects to Cheongpyeongsa (청평사, Buddhist) temple.<ref name="lifeinkorea" /> ==Climate== Chuncheon has a monsoon-influenced [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dwa'')<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/south-korea/gangwon-do/chuncheon-4141/?amp=true|title=Chuncheon climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Chuncheon weather averages|website=En.climate-data.org|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. The lowest measured temperature was {{convert|−27.9|°C|0}} (6 February 1969),<ref>[http://www.kma.go.kr/weather/climate/extreme_daily.jsp?type=min_temp&mm=13&x=34&y=5 전년 일최저기온 (°C) 최저순위, 지점:101 지명:춘천] Korea Meteorological Administration</ref> and the highest was {{convert|39.5|°C|0}} (1 August 2018).<ref name= KMAextremes/> The annual precipitation is an average of 1347.3 mm. {{Weather box | location = Chuncheon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | metric first = Y | single line = Y | Jan record high C = 12.7 | Feb record high C = 19.9 | Mar record high C = 23.5 | Apr record high C = 32.0 | May record high C = 34.0 | Jun record high C = 36.4 | Jul record high C = 37.2 | Aug record high C = 39.5 | Sep record high C = 34.7 | Oct record high C = 28.5 | Nov record high C = 24.8 | Dec record high C = 16.6 | year record high C = 39.5 | Jan high C = 1.9 | Feb high C = 5.4 | Mar high C = 11.6 | Apr high C = 18.9 | May high C = 24.3 | Jun high C = 28.1 | Jul high C = 29.3 | Aug high C = 29.9 | Sep high C = 25.6 | Oct high C = 19.6 | Nov high C = 11.2 | Dec high C = 3.5 | year high C = 17.4 | Jan mean C = -4.1 | Feb mean C = -1.0 | Mar mean C = 5.0 | Apr mean C = 11.7 | May mean C = 17.6 | Jun mean C = 22.2 | Jul mean C = 24.9 | Aug mean C = 25.0 | Sep mean C = 19.8 | Oct mean C = 12.7 | Nov mean C = 5.3 | Dec mean C = -2.0 | year mean C = 11.4 | Jan low C = -9.3 | Feb low C = -6.7 | Mar low C = -1.1 | Apr low C = 4.7 | May low C = 11.3 | Jun low C = 17.0 | Jul low C = 21.3 | Aug low C = 21.3 | Sep low C = 15.3 | Oct low C = 7.5 | Nov low C = 0.4 | Dec low C = -6.6 | year low C = 6.3 | Jan record low C = -25.6 | Feb record low C = -27.9 | Mar record low C = -16.2 | Apr record low C = -6.4 | May record low C = 1.6 | Jun record low C = 5.6 | Jul record low C = 11.7 | Aug record low C = 11.3 | Sep record low C = 1.9 | Oct record low C = -5.4 | Nov record low C = -15.8 | Dec record low C = -21.7 | year record low C = -27.9 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 18.6 | Feb precipitation mm = 27.6 | Mar precipitation mm = 33.5 | Apr precipitation mm = 71.5 | May precipitation mm = 99.4 | Jun precipitation mm = 122.9 | Jul precipitation mm = 398.2 | Aug precipitation mm = 319.9 | Sep precipitation mm = 128.1 | Oct precipitation mm = 49.3 | Nov precipitation mm = 48.3 | Dec precipitation mm = 24.2 | year precipitation mm = 1341.5 | unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm | Jan precipitation days = 6.2 | Feb precipitation days = 5.9 | Mar precipitation days = 7.3 | Apr precipitation days = 8.3 | May precipitation days = 9.1 | Jun precipitation days = 9.9 | Jul precipitation days = 15.6 | Aug precipitation days = 14.0 | Sep precipitation days = 8.3 | Oct precipitation days = 6.0 | Nov precipitation days = 8.0 | Dec precipitation days = 7.5 | year precipitation days = | Jan snow days = 8.8 | Feb snow days = 6.3 | Mar snow days = 3.9 | Apr snow days = 0.2 | May snow days = 0.0 | Jun snow days = 0.0 | Jul snow days = 0.0 | Aug snow days = 0.0 | Sep snow days = 0.0 | Oct snow days = 0.0 | Nov snow days = 1.8 | Dec snow days = 6.7 | year snow days = 27.7 | Jan humidity = 68.0 | Feb humidity = 63.2 | Mar humidity = 60.6 | Apr humidity = 58.8 | May humidity = 65.0 | Jun humidity = 70.6 | Jul humidity = 80.0 | Aug humidity = 80.5 | Sep humidity = 78.2 | Oct humidity = 76.2 | Nov humidity = 73.3 | Dec humidity = 71.5 | year humidity = 70.5 | Jan sun = 170.0 | Feb sun = 174.3 | Mar sun = 199.9 | Apr sun = 210.1 | May sun = 227.5 | Jun sun = 205.0 | Jul sun = 144.2 | Aug sun = 166.3 | Sep sun = 173.3 | Oct sun = 178.9 | Nov sun = 141.8 | Dec sun = 148.4 | year sun = 2139.7 | Jan percentsun = 54.1 | Feb percentsun = 56.6 | Mar percentsun = 53.3 | Apr percentsun = 54.5 | May percentsun = 50.2 | Jun percentsun = 45.3 | Jul percentsun = 32.1 | Aug percentsun = 40.1 | Sep percentsun = 46.6 | Oct percentsun = 50.0 | Nov percentsun = 46.4 | Dec percentsun = 50.0 | year percentsun = 47.7 | source = [[Korea Meteorological Administration]] (snow and percent sunshine 1981–2010)<ref name= KMA> {{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129211110/https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf | archive-date = 29 January 2022 | url = https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf | title = Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020) | publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration | access-date = 4 April 2022 | pages = II-19, II-20, II-453 | language = ko}}</ref><ref name= KMAextremes> {{cite web | url = https://data.kma.go.kr/climate/extremum/selectExtremumList.do?pgmNo=103 | publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration | access-date = 10 October 2021 | script-title = ko:순위값 - 구역별조회 | language = ko}}</ref><ref name= KMAnormals> {{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161207185450/http://www.kma.go.kr/down/Climatological_2010.pdf | archive-date = 7 December 2016 | url = http://www.kma.go.kr/down/Climatological_2010.pdf | publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration | access-date = 7 December 2016 | title = Climatological Normals of Korea | date = 2011 | page = 499 and 649}}</ref> }} ==Sports== * [[Chuncheon Songam Sports Town]] ===International competitions=== [[High1]] ({{Korean|hangul=하이원|labels=no}}) is an ice hockey team based in Chuncheon. The club was a member of the [[Asia League Ice Hockey]] between 2005 and 2019. ===Domestic competitions=== Chuncheon's association football club, [[Chuncheon FC]], is a member of the [[K4 League]], a semi-professional football competition and the fourth tier of the [[South Korean football league system]]. The club was founded on 27 February 2010 with its home at the [[Chuncheon Stadium]]. ==Notable people== * [[Son Heung-Min]] ({{Korean|hangul=손흥민|labels=no}}), South Korean [[professional soccer|professional footballer]] * [[Hwang Hee-chan]] ({{Korean|hangul=황희찬|labels=no}}), South Korean [[professional soccer|professional footballer]] * [[Hur Jae]] ({{Korean|hangul=허재|labels=no}}), South Korean [[basketball coach]] and former [[basketball player]] * [[Kim Jun-hyun (comedian)|Kim Jun-hyun]] ({{Korean|hangul=김준현|labels=no}}), South Korean comedian * [[Park Bo-ram]] ({{Korean|hangul=박보람|labels=no}}), South Korean singer-songwriter * [[Seunghee]] (Real Name: ''Hyun Seung-hee'', {{Korean|hangul=현승희|labels=no}}), singer, dancer, actress and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup|girl group]] [[Oh My Girl]] * [[Yebin (singer)|Yebin]] (Real Name: ''Baek Ye-bin'', {{Korean|hangul=백예빈|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, dancer, composer and [[K-pop idol]], former member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup|girl groups]] [[DIA (group)|DIA]] and [[Uni.T]]. * * [[Changjo]] (Real Name: ''Choi Jong-hyun'', {{Korean|hangul=최종현|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, rapper, dancer, model, actor and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[boygroup|boy group]] [[Teen Top]] *[[Gim Yujeong|Gim Yu-jeong]] ({{Korean|hangul=김유정|labels=no}}), one of the [[novelist]]s of Korea *[[Jin Jong-oh]] ({{Korean|hangul=진종오|labels=no}}), a South Korean [[Shooting sports|sports shooter]] who competed at the [[2004 Summer Olympics|2004]], [[2008 Summer Olympics|2008]], [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012]] and [[2016 Summer Olympics]] *[[Han Seung-soo]] ({{Korean|hangul=한승수|labels=no}}), the 39th prime minister of Rep. of Korea, tenure 2008–2009 * [[Minji (singer)|Minji]] (Real Name: ''Kim Min-ji'', {{Korean|hangul=김민지|labels=no}}), singer-songwriter, dancer, and [[K-pop idol]], member of [[K-pop]] [[girlgroup|girl group]] [[NewJeans]] ==Sister cities== Chuncheon protested against the enactment of "Day of [[Liancourt Rocks|Takeshima]]" ordinance of [[Shimane Prefecture]], which expressed dispute over the [[Dokdo]] Islands, and announced suspension of its sisterhood relationship with [[Kakamigahara]] in March 2005.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Kyodo News |date=18 March 2005 |url=http://www.47news.jp/CN/200503/CN2005031801005534.html |language=ja |script-title=ja:冬ソナ・春川市も交流中断姉妹関係の各務原市などと) |access-date=16 February 2008 |archive-date=17 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717092115/http://www.47news.jp/CN/200503/CN2005031801005534.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%; background:#FFFFEF; float:left;" |- ! City ! State ! Country ! Year launched ! Year terminated |- | [[Higashichikuma District]] | {{flag|Nagano Prefecture}} | {{flagu|Japan}} | 8 June 1984 | |- | [[Hōfu, Yamaguchi|Hōfu]] | {{flag|Yamaguchi Prefecture}} | {{flagu|Japan}} | 29 October 1991 | |- | [[Dongdaemun District]] | [[Seoul]] | {{flagu|South Korea}} | 2003 | |- | [[Ansan]] | [[Gyeonggi Province]] | {{flagu|South Korea}} | 2011 | |- | [[Kakamigahara]] | {{flag|Gifu Prefecture}} | {{flagu|Japan}} | 31 October 2003 | 25 June 2005 |- | [[Addis Ababa]] | Addis Ababa (State) | {{flagu|Ethiopia}} | 2 May 2004 | |- | [[Chicago]] | {{flag|Illinois}} | {{flag|United States}} | 1998 |- | [[Nanyang, Henan|Nanyang]] | [[Henan]] | {{flagicon|PRC}} China | 15 September 2012 | |} {{clear}} ==See also== * [[List of cities in South Korea]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category|Chuncheon}} * {{wikivoyage inline|Chuncheon}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005735/http://tour.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/index.asp Official Homepage of Chuncheon] {{in lang|en}} {{Gangwon}} {{Metropolitan cities of South Korea}} {{Most populous cities in South Korea}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Chuncheon| ]] [[Category:Cities in Gangwon Province, South Korea]]

1,301,411,822

[{"title": "Korean transcription(s)", "data": {"\u2022 Hangul": "\ucd98\ucc9c\uc2dc", "\u2022 Hanja": "\u6625\u5ddd\u5e02", "\u2022 Revised Romanization": "Chuncheon-si", "\u2022 McCune\u2013Reischauer": "Ch'unch'\u014fn-si", "Korean transcription(s)": ["Panoramic view of ChuncheonNamiseomKBS ChuncheonKangwon National UniversityLegoland KoreaChuncheon National MuseumChuncheon City Hall", "FlagBadge", "Location in South Korea", "Coordinates: 37\u00b052\u2032N 127\u00b044\u2032E\ufeff / \ufeff37.867\u00b0N 127.733\u00b0E"], "Country": "South Korea", "Region": "Yeongseo, Gwandong", "Administrative divisions": "1 eup, 9 myeon, 15 dong"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor": "Yuk Dong-han (\uc721\ub3d9\ud55c)"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "1,116.41 km2 (431.05 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (September 2024)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "286,124", "\u2022 Density": "225/km2 (580/sq mi)", "\u2022 Dialect": "Gangwon", "Area code": "+82-33-2xx", "Climate": "Dwa"}}]

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# Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 Sweden was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 with the song "Bara hon älskar mig", written by Stephan Berg, and performed by Blond. The Swedish participating broadcaster, Sveriges Television (SVT), selected its entry through Melodifestivalen 1997. ## Before Eurovision ### Melodifestivalen1997 Melodifestivalen 1997 was the selection for the 37th song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 36th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 1,229 songs were submitted to Sveriges Television (SVT) for the competition. The final was held in the SVT Studios in Gothenburg on 8 March 1997, presented by Jan Jingryd and was broadcast on SVT2 and Sveriges Radio's P3 network. The show was watched by 2,965,000 people. The winner was chosen by 11 regional juries, being "Bara hon älskar mig" performed by Blond. It was written and composed by Stephan Berg. | Draw | Artist | Song | Songwriter(s) | Points | Place | | ---- | ----------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------ | ----- | | 1 | Monia Sjöström | "Nu idag" | Lasse Sahlin, Peter Karlsson | 11 | 11 | | 2 | Photogenique | "Nattens änglar" | Jonas Berggren | 0 | 12 | | 3 | Robert Randqvist | "Hand i hand" | Martin Klaman, Björn Johansson, Maurizio Sorrone | 55 | 5 | | 4 | N-Mix | "Där en ängel hälsat på" | Pernilla Emme Alexandersson, Per Andréasson | 68 | 2 | | 5 | Jim Jidhed | "Charlie" | John Ekedahl, Jim Jidhed | 12 | 10 | | 6 | Nick Borgen | "World Wide Web" | Nick Borgen | 26 | 9 | | 7 | Andreas Lundstedt | "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" | Alexander Bard, Ola Håkansson, Tim Norell | 32 | 7 | | 8 | Garmarna | "En gång ska han gråta" | Py Bäckman, Mats Wester | 28 | 8 | | 9 | B.I.G. | "Jag skall aldrig lämna dig" | Peo Thyrén, Richard Evenlind, Stefan Almqvist | 40 | 6 | | 10 | Wille Crafoord | "Missarna" | Wille Crafoord | 65 | 3 | | 11 | Cajsalisa Ejemyr | "Du gör mig hel igen" | Robin Carlsson, Ulf Lindström, Johan Ekhé | 56 | 4 | | 12 | Blond | "Bara hon älskar mig" | Stephan Berg | 80 | 1 | | Song | Luleå | Umeå | Sundsvall | Falun | Örebro | Karlstad | Gothenburg | Malmö | Växjö | Norrköping | Stockholm | Total | | -------------------------------- | ----- | ---- | --------- | ----- | ------ | -------- | ---------- | ----- | ----- | ---------- | --------- | ----- | | "Nu idag" | | | | 6 | 1 | | | 4 | | | | 11 | | "Nattens änglar" | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | "Hand i hand" | | 4 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 55 | | "Där en ängel hälsat på" | 8 | 12 | 1 | | | 10 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 4 | 12 | 68 | | "Charlie" | | | | 1 | | | 10 | 1 | | | | 12 | | "World Wide Web" | 1 | 1 | | | 6 | 1 | 6 | | 1 | 2 | 8 | 26 | | "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" | 4 | | | 4 | 4 | 2 | | | 2 | 10 | 6 | 32 | | "En gång ska han gråta" | | 6 | 8 | | | | | | | 12 | 2 | 28 | | "Jag ska aldrig lämna dig" | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 | | 4 | 8 | 2 | 10 | | | 40 | | "Missarna" | 12 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 12 | | | 6 | 8 | 1 | | 65 | | "Du gör mig hel igen" | 10 | | 2 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 4 | | | 8 | 4 | 56 | | "Bara hon älskar mig" | 6 | 8 | 12 | | 10 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 6 | | 10 | 80 | ## At Eurovision Blond performed 16th on the night of the contest and received 36 points, placing 14th. ### Voting | Score | Country | | --------- | -------------------- | | 12 points | | | 10 points | | | 8 points | Norway | | 7 points | United Kingdom | | 6 points | - Denmark - Slovenia | | 5 points | Ireland | | 4 points | Iceland | | 3 points | | | 2 points | | | 1 point | | | Score | Country | | --------- | ---------------------- | | 12 points | United Kingdom | | 10 points | Ireland | | 8 points | Iceland | | 7 points | Denmark | | 6 points | Turkey | | 5 points | Croatia | | 4 points | Bosnia and Herzegovina | | 3 points | Italy | | 2 points | France | | 1 point | Estonia |

enwiki/13594823

enwiki

13,594,823

Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_1997

2025-05-02T13:25:41Z

en

Q7654452

122,147

{{Short description|none}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{More citations needed|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox song contest national year | Year = 1997 | Broadcaster = {{lang|sv|[[Sveriges Television]]|i=no}} (SVT) | Country = Sweden | Selection process = {{lang|sv|[[Melodifestivalen]]|i=no}} 1997 | Selection date = 8 March 1997 | Song = {{lang|sv|Bara hon älskar mig|i=no}} | Artist = Blond | Writer = [[Stephan Berg]] | writer_single = y | Final result = 14th, 36 points }} Sweden was represented at the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1997]] with the song "{{lang|sv|Bara hon älskar mig|i=no}}", written by [[Stephan Berg]], and performed by Blond. The Swedish participating broadcaster, {{lang|sv|[[Sveriges Television]]|i=no}} (SVT), selected its entry through {{lang|sv|[[Melodifestivalen]]|i=no}} 1997. ==Before Eurovision== {{unreferenced|section|date=May 2025}} === {{lang|sv|Melodifestivalen|i=no}} 1997 === {{lang|sv|[[Melodifestivalen]]|i=no}} 1997 was the selection for the 37th song to represent {{esccnty|Sweden}} at the [[Eurovision Song Contest]]. It was the 36th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 1,229 songs were submitted to {{lang|sv|[[Sveriges Television]]|i=no}} (SVT) for the competition. The final was held in the SVT Studios in [[Gothenburg]] on 8 March 1997, presented by [[Jan Jingryd]] and was broadcast on [[SVT2]] and [[Sveriges Radio]]'s [[Sveriges Radio P3|P3]] network. The show was watched by 2,965,000 people. The winner was chosen by 11 regional juries, being "Bara hon älskar mig" performed by Blond. It was written and composed by [[Stephan Berg]]. {| class="sortable wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center" |+ Final – 8 March 1997 |- ! Draw ! Artist ! Song ! Songwriter(s) ! Points ! Place |- | 1 | align="left" | [[Monia Sjöström]] | align="left" | "Nu idag" | align="left" | Lasse Sahlin, Peter Karlsson | 11 | 11 |- | 2 | align="left" | Photogenique | align="left" | "Nattens änglar" | align="left" | [[Jonas Berggren]] | 0 | 12 |- | 3 | align="left" | Robert Randqvist | align="left" | "Hand i hand" | align="left" | Martin Klaman, Björn Johansson, Maurizio Sorrone | 55 | 5 |- | 4 | align="left" | N-Mix | align="left" | "Där en ängel hälsat på" | align="left" | Pernilla Emme Alexandersson, Per Andréasson | 68 | 2 |- | 5 | align="left" | [[Jim Jidhed]] | align="left" | "Charlie" | align="left" | John Ekedahl, [[Jim Jidhed]] | 12 | 10 |- | 6 | align="left" | [[Nick Borgen]] | align="left" | "World Wide Web" | align="left" | [[Nick Borgen]] | 26 | 9 |- | 7 | align="left" | [[Andreas Lundstedt]] | align="left" | "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" | align="left" | [[Alexander Bard]], [[Ola Håkansson]], Tim Norell | 32 | 7 |- | 8 | align="left" | [[Garmarna]] | align="left" | "En gång ska han gråta" | align="left" | [[Py Bäckman]], [[Mats Wester]] | 28 | 8 |- | 9 | align="left" | B.I.G. | align="left" | "Jag skall aldrig lämna dig" | align="left" | Peo Thyrén, Richard Evenlind, Stefan Almqvist | 40 | 6 |- | 10 | align="left" | [[Wille Crafoord]] | align="left" | "Missarna" | align="left" | [[Wille Crafoord]] | 65 | 3 |- | 11 | align="left" | [[Cajsalisa Ejemyr]] | align="left" | "[[Du gör mig hel igen]]" | align="left" | [[Robyn|Robin Carlsson]], Ulf Lindström, Johan Ekhé | 56 | 4 |- style="font-weight:bold; background: gold;" | 12 | align="left" | Blond | align="left" | "Bara hon älskar mig" | align="left" | [[Stephan Berg]] | 80 | 1 |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center;" |- |+ Detailed Regional Jury Voting |- ! scope="col" | Song ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Luleå}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Umeå}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Sundsvall}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Falun}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Örebro}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Karlstad}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Gothenburg}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Malmö}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Växjö}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Norrköping}} ! scope="col" {{vert header|nb=1|Stockholm}} ! scope="col" | Total |---- | align="left" | "Nu idag" | || || || 6 || 1 || || || 4 || || || | 11 |---- | align="left" | "Nattens änglar" | || || || || || || || || || || | 0 |---- | align="left" | "Hand i hand" | || 4 || 10 || 2 || 2 || '''12''' || 2 || '''12''' || 4 || 6 || 1 | 55 |---- | align="left" | "Där en ängel hälsat på" | 8 || '''12''' || 1 || || || 10 || 1 || 8 || '''12''' || 4 || '''12''' | 68 |---- | align="left" | "Charlie" | || || || 1 || || || 10 || 1 || || || | 12 |---- | align="left" | "World Wide Web" | 1 || 1 || || || 6 || 1 || 6 || || 1 || 2 || 8 | 26 |---- | align="left" | "Jag saknar dig, jag saknar dig" | 4 || || || 4 || 4 || 2 || || || 2 || 10 || 6 | 32 |---- | align="left" | "En gång ska han gråta" | || 6 || 8 || || || || || || || '''12''' || 2 | 28 |---- | align="left" | "Jag ska aldrig lämna dig" | 2 || 2 || 4 || 8 || || 4 || 8 || 2 || 10 || || | 40 |---- | align="left" | "Missarna" | '''12''' || 10 || 6 || 10 || '''12''' || || || 6 || 8 || 1 || | 65 |---- | align="left" | "Du gör mig hel igen" | 10 || || 2 || '''12''' || 8 || 8 || 4 || || || 8 || 4 | 56 |---- | align="left" | "Bara hon älskar mig" | 6 || 8 || '''12''' || || 10 || 6 || '''12''' || 10 || 6 || || 10 | '''80''' |} == At Eurovision == Blond performed 16th on the night of the contest and received 36 points, placing 14th.<ref>{{cite web |title=Final of Dublin 1997 |url=https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final |publisher=European Broadcasting Union |access-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414084557/https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final |archive-date=14 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Voting === {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable" |- |+ Points awarded to Sweden<ref name="1997detailed">{{cite web |title=Results of the Final of Dublin 1997 |url=https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final/results/sweden |publisher=European Broadcasting Union |access-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414114207/https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1997/final/results/sweden |archive-date=14 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="col" width="20%" | Score ! scope="col" | Country |- ! scope="row" | 12 points | |- ! scope="row" | 10 points | |- ! scope="row" | 8 points | {{Esc|Norway|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 7 points | {{Esc|United Kingdom|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 6 points | {{Unbulleted list|{{Esc|Denmark|y=1997}}|{{Esc|Slovenia|y=1997}}}} |- ! scope="row" | 5 points | {{Esc|Ireland|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 4 points | {{Esc|Iceland|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 3 points | |- ! scope="row" | 2 points | |- ! scope="row" | 1 point | |} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable" |- |+ Points awarded by Sweden<ref name="1997detailed" /> |- ! scope="col" width="20%" | Score ! scope="col" | Country |- ! scope="row" style="background:gold" | 12 points | {{Esc|United Kingdom|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" style="background:silver" | 10 points | {{Esc|Ireland|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" style="background:#CC9966" | 8 points | {{Esc|Iceland|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 7 points | {{Esc|Denmark|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 6 points | {{Esc|Turkey|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 5 points | {{Esc|Croatia|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 4 points | {{Esc|Bosnia and Herzegovina|1992|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 3 points | {{Esc|Italy|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 2 points | {{Esc|France|y=1997}} |- ! scope="row" | 1 point | {{Esc|Estonia|y=1997}} |} {{col-end}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150531051245/http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1857920/melodifestivalen-melodifestivalen-1997 Melodifestivalen 1997] on {{ill|Öppet arkiv|sv}} {{Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest}} {{Eurovision Song Contest 1997}} [[Category:Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest|1997]] [[Category:Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997]] [[Category:1997 in Swedish music|Eurovision]] [[Category:1997 in Swedish television|Eurovision]]

1,288,412,891

[{"title": "Sweden in the \u00b7 Eurovision Song Contest 1997", "data": {"Participating broadcaster": "Sveriges Television (SVT)", "Country": "Sweden", "Selection process": "Melodifestivalen 1997", "Selection date": "8 March 1997"}}, {"title": "Competing entry", "data": {"Song": "\"Bara hon \u00e4lskar mig\"", "Artist": "Blond", "Songwriter": "Stephan Berg"}}, {"title": "Placement", "data": {"Final result": "14th, 36 points"}}, {"title": "Participation chronology", "data": {"\u25c41996 \u2022": "1997 \u00b7 \u2022 1998\u25ba"}}]

false

# Reflections (Shah) Reflections by Idries Shah is a collection of eighty fables, aphorisms, and statements that seek to challenge the conditioned mind. The book intends to confront the reader with unaccustomed perspectives and ideas, in an attempt to set the mind free, to see how things really are. As the book's foreword states, "Do you imagine that fables exist only to amuse or to instruct, and are based upon fiction? The best ones are delineations of what happens in real life, in the community and in the individual's mental processes." ## Content Reflections is a collection of a foreword and eighty brief literary pieces which were designed for reflection. Many are as brief as this example: History is not usually what has happened. History is what some people have thought to be significant. ## Reception This small, pocket-sized book was well received by critics. In her review in The Observer, author Doris Lessing called Reflections "... a lively collection of fables, comments, aphorisms, its quality astringency." The New York Times Book Review called it "... witty, tart and instructional – they tend to come into your mind at appropriate moments." Pat Williams, reviewing for BBC's Review of the Year, stated that Reflections was "Very funny ... more wisdom than I have found in any other book this year. I found myself sitting up straight."

enwiki/37218238

enwiki

37,218,238

Reflections (Shah)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflections_(Shah)

2024-08-04T02:02:00Z

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{{Short description|1968 book by Idries Shah}} {{use dmy dates|date=June 2024}} {{infobox book | name = ''Reflections'' | author = [[Idries Shah]] | language = English | country = United Kingdom | genre = Eastern philosophy and culture. Sufism. Psychology. | published = 1968 | publisher = Zenith Books | isbn = 978-0-900860-00-3 | oclc = 29632 | title_orig = | translator = | image = File:Reflections cover, ISF Publishing edition.png | image_size = | caption = 2015 edition book cover | cover_artist = | series = | media_type = Print | pages = 104pp | preceded_by =[[Caravan of Dreams]] | followed_by =[[The Way of the Sufi]] }} '''''Reflections''''' by [[Idries Shah]] is a collection of eighty fables, aphorisms, and statements that seek to challenge the conditioned mind. The book intends to confront the reader with unaccustomed perspectives and ideas, in an attempt to set the mind free, to see how things really are.<ref>{{cite web | date=15 September 2011 | title=Reflections by Idries Shah: {{text|ISBN:}}0 900860 07 3 | url=http://www.octagonpress.com/titles/books/refl.htm | website=octagonpress.com | publisher=Octagon Press | access-date=4 October 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807161507/http://www.octagonpress.com/titles/books/refl.htm | archive-date=7 August 2012}}</ref> As the book's foreword states, "Do you imagine that fables exist only to amuse or to instruct, and are based upon fiction? The best ones are delineations of what happens in real life, in the community and in the individual's mental processes."<ref>{{cite book | last=Shah | first=Idries | title=Reflections | year=1983 | publisher=Octagon Press | location=London | isbn=978-0-900860-07-2 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/reflections00idri/page/4 4] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/reflections00idri/page/4}}</ref> == Content == ''Reflections'' is a collection of a foreword and eighty brief literary pieces which were designed for reflection. Many are as brief as this example: {{Quotation|History is not usually what has happened. History is what some people have thought to be significant.}} == Reception == This small, pocket-sized book was well received by critics. In her review in ''The Observer'', author [[Doris Lessing]] called ''Reflections'' "... a lively collection of fables, comments, aphorisms, its quality astringency."<ref name=Observer>{{cite news | last=Lessing | first=Doris | newspaper=The Observer | title=Some kind of a cake | date=January 19, 1969}}</ref> The ''New York Times Book Review'' called it "... witty, tart and instructional – they tend to come into your mind at appropriate moments."<ref name=NYT>{{cite news | last=Lessing | first=Doris | newspaper=New York Times Book Review | title=What looks like an egg and is an egg | date=May 7, 1972}}</ref> Pat Williams, reviewing for BBC's Review of the Year, stated that ''Reflections'' was "Very funny ... more wisdom than I have found in any other book this year. I found myself sitting up straight." == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == *[http://www.idriesshahfoundation.org/ The Idries Shah Foundation] *[http://www.idriesshahfoundation.org/books/reflections/ Free Online Read and Audiobook] [[Category:1968 books]] [[Category:Sufi literature]] [[Category:Books by Idries Shah]] [[Category:Contemporary philosophical literature]]

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[{"title": "Reflections", "data": {"Author": "Idries Shah", "Language": "English", "Genre": "Eastern philosophy and culture. Sufism. Psychology.", "Published": "1968", "Publisher": "Zenith Books", "Publication place": "United Kingdom", "Media type": "Print", "Pages": "104pp", "ISBN": "978-0-900860-00-3", "OCLC": "29632", "Preceded by": "Caravan of Dreams", "Followed by": "The Way of the Sufi"}}]

false

# Shireen Mazari Shireen Mehrunnisa Mazari (Urdu: شیریں مہر النساء مزاری) is a former Pakistani politician who served the Federal Minister for Human Rights, from 20 August 2018 to 10 April 2022. She is the chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on Appointment of Chief Election Commissioner and Members of the Election Commission of Pakistan. She has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since August 2018, and served as a chief whip for Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. Previously, she was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018. Mazari studied at the London School of Economics and later received her PhD from Columbia University in political science. Mazari joined Quaid-i-Azam University as an associate professor and went on to head the university's strategic studies department. In 2002, Mazari became the head of the government-funded Institute of Strategic Studies and remained until she was sacked in 2008. In 2009, Mazari became the editor of The Nation. ## Early life and education Mazari, an ethnic Baloch, is a graduate of the London School of Economics. She received her PhD in political science from Columbia University. ## Professional career In 2008, Government of Pakistan removed Mazari from the post of Director General of The Institute of Strategic Studies where she was due to retire in 2009. In 2009, Mazari was appointed as the editor of The Nation. She also hosted a weekly television show on the Waqt News. Mazari came under intensive criticism from the Committee to Protect Journalists after she publicly alleged an American journalist to be a CIA spy. She had been an associate professor at Quaid-i-Azam University and later became chairperson of the university's Department of Defense and Strategic Studies. ## Personal life Shireen is married to Tabish Aitbar Hazir. The couple has a daughter, Imaan Zainab Mazari Hazir and a son Sabeel Hazir. ## Political career Mazari joined the PTI in 2008 In 2009, she was Information Secretary and Spokesperson of PTI. In 2012, she resigned from PTI where she was the Central Vice President and in charge of Foreign Policy. citing "policy differences and its takeover by corrupt elements" after she was served a show cause notice by PTI for "making unfounded, incorrect, inaccurate and false statements in the media". She rejoined PTI in 2013. She was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan for the first time in the 2013 Pakistani general election on the ticket of PTI on reserved seats for women from Punjab. She was the chief whip of PTI in the National Assembly of Pakistan. She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PTI on a seat reserved for women from Punjab in the 2018 Pakistani general election. On 18 August, Imran Khan formally announced his federal cabinet structure and Mazari was named as Minister for Human Rights. On 20 August 2018, she was sworn in as Federal Minister for Human Rights in the federal cabinet of Prime Minister Imran Khan. In January 2020, she strongly condemned an attack on Karak temple by a mob of 1,500 local Muslims led by a local Islamic cleric and the supporters of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam party. In May 2022, she was arrested, but released after Islamabad High court ordered her release and called the arrest unlawful. ### Resignation On 10 April 2022, because of the Vote of No Confidence, she resigned from the National Assembly on the orders of Imran Khan. The newly elected Speaker accepted the resignations of eleven members on 28 July 2022, one of them was Shireen Mazari. After the 09/05 vandalism of Army installations, the beneficiaries of regime change after accusing the PTI members and leadership, carried out mass-scale arrests. Shireen Mazari upon 5 consecutive arrests and bails announced her retirement from active politics. On 23 May 2023, Shireen Mazari made the decision to leave the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party and publicly announced her retirement from active politics seemingly under considerable duress. Mazari cited personal reasons as the basis for her departure from the political arena. But according to some sources Sheeren Mazari left politics as she was forced to leave politics by the PDM government and the Army Establishment. ## Controversies In 2019, after a terrorist attack in London, she chose to criticize Pakistan's leading newspaper Dawn for publicizing that the terrorist had been a man of Pakistani origin, rather than deploring the attack itself or offering condolences. She accused Dawn to pursue an anti-Pakistani agenda. While mobs surrounded the offices of Dawn calling for the editor to be hanged, she left the defense of the freedom of expression in Pakistan to others, such as Reporters without Borders. On 21 November 2020, Mazari while citing an online article, wrote on Twitter that French president "Macron [was] doing to Muslims was what the Nazis did to the Jews – Muslim children will get ID numbers (other children won't) just as Jews were forced to wear the yellow star on their clothing for identification". French government denounced Mazari's tweet as "fake news and false accusation" and stated that "the proposed ID would be for all children in France". Bina Shah, a writer and New York Times columnist, said "just like in Pakistan, where as soon as you register a child's birth, the child will get assigned a 13 digit number which is then their NIC number when they reach 18". Later, Mazari deleted her tweet and issued a clarification stating that the article on the basis of which she had written her tweet has been amended. The online article, which was quoted by Mazari, now includes a clarification stating that the new law will be applied to all children in France. Foreign Ministry of France thanked Mazari for deleting her tweet and accepted her clarification. Shireen Mazari has also been criticized for her silence on China's persecution of Uyghurs during a talkshow at Al Jazeera. However, Mazari said that "there may be such cases in China and we have taken up those cases with the Chinese and that is how we deal with our allies." ## Works ### Books - Pakistan's Security and the Nuclear Option, Institute of Policy Studies, 1995, 167 p. Co-edited with Tarik Jan et al. - The Kargil Conflict, 1999: Separating Fact from Fiction, Institute of Policy Studies, 2003, 162 p. ### Research papers - Nuclear Safety and Terrorism: A Case Study of India, Institute of Strategic Studies, 2001, 46 p. Co-written with Maria Sultan. - Pakistan's Nuclear Doctrine and Approach to Arms Control, Institute of South Asian Studies, 2005, 17 p. - 'Islam and the West' Dialogue: What Achievements? What New Effective Methods?, ISIS Malaysia, 2008, 16 p. ## More Reading - List of members of the 15th National Assembly of Pakistan

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shireen_Mazari

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{{Short description|Pakistani Baloch Politician and former Minister of Human Rights of Pakistan}} {{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Shireen Mazari | image = Shireen Mazari.jpg | honorific-suffix = | office = [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)|Minister of Human Rights]] | president = [[Mamnoon Hussain]] [[Arif Alvi]] | primeminister = [[Imran Khan]] | term_start = 20 August 2018 | term_end = 10 April 2022 | predecessor = [[Roshan Khursheed Bharucha]] (caretaker) | office1 = Member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] | term_start1 = 13 August 2018 | term_end1 = 29 July 2022 | constituency1 = ''Reserved seat for women'' | term_start2 = 1 June 2013 | term_end2 = 31 May 2018 | constituency2 = ''Reserved seat for women'' | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1949|04|26}} [[Quetta]], [[Balochistan]], [[Pakistan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2357679/1966-born-shireen-mazari-arrested-in-a-case-registered-in-1972|title=1966-born Shireen Mazari arrested in a case registered in 1972|date=21 May 2022|access-date=21 May 2022|work=[[The Express Tribune]] (newspaper)|quote=...The former federal minister, who was born on April 26, 1951, was booked on a...}}</ref> | nationality = Pakistani | alma_mater = [[London School of Economics]] [[Columbia University]]<ref name="ary">{{ cite news | url = https://arynews.tv/en/shireen-mazari/? | title = Shireen Mazari | date = 11 August 2018 | work = ARY News | access-date = 15 December 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219222330/https://arynews.tv/en/shireen-mazari/ | archive-date = 19 December 2019 | url-status = live }}</ref> | otherparty = [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf|PTI]] (2013-2023) | spouse = Tabish Aitbar Hazir (died-2022) | residence = [[Islamabad]] | children = [[Imaan Zainab Mazari]] | successor = [[Riaz Hussain Pirzada]] | successor1 = [[Asiya Azeem]] }} '''Shireen Mehrunnisa Mazari''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|شیریں مہر النساء مزاری}}}}) is a former [[Pakistani]] politician who served the [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)|Federal Minister for Human Rights]], from 20 August 2018 to 10 April 2022. She is the chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on Appointment of Chief Election Commissioner and Members of the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]]. She has been a member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] since August 2018, and served as a [[Chief Whip|chief whip]] for [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]]. Previously, she was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018.<ref name="ary"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-20 |title=PTI's chief whip: Shireen Mazari |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1780001/ptis-chief-whip-shireen-mazari |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> Mazari studied at the [[London School of Economics]] and later received her [[PhD]] from [[Columbia University]] in political science.<ref name="ary"/> Mazari joined [[Quaid-i-Azam University]] as an associate professor and went on to head the university's strategic studies department. In 2002, Mazari became the head of the government-funded [[The Institute of Strategic Studies|Institute of Strategic Studies]] and remained until she was sacked in 2008. In 2009, Mazari became the editor of [[The Nation (Pakistan)|''The Nation'']].<ref name="ary"/> ==Early life and education== Mazari, an ethnic [[Baloch people|Baloch]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/shireenmazari1/status/1161252889605627904|title=Shireen Mazari Twitter|access-date=10 December 2019}}</ref> is a graduate of the [[London School of Economics]]. She received her PhD in political science from [[Columbia University]].<ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan">{{cite book|last1=Markey|first1=Daniel S.|title=No exit from Pakistan : America's tortured relationship with Islamabad|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-10-762359-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ_qAAAAQBAJ&q=nationalist+shireen+mazari&pg=PA38|access-date=4 March 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023204251/https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ_qAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=nationalist+shireen+mazari&source=bl&ots=8uTnPwbJtA&sig=aUdQJqRF7-wygywxj2UZBKR5iNE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZob7GgPHPAhVGto8KHaTbBLYQ6AEIXDAJ#v=onepage&q=nationalist%20shireen%20mazari&f=false|archive-date=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Making some sense out of nonsense|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/12/21/making-some-sense-out-of-nonsense/|access-date=4 March 2017|publisher=Pakistan Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304194513/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/12/21/making-some-sense-out-of-nonsense/|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="nation/8sept2009">{{cite news|title=TheNation welcomes new Editor|url=http://nation.com.pk/politics/08-Sep-2009/TheNation-welcomes-new-Editor|access-date=4 March 2017|work=The Nation|date=8 September 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193442/http://nation.com.pk/politics/08-Sep-2009/TheNation-welcomes-new-Editor|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> ==Professional career== In 2008, Government of Pakistan removed Mazari from the post of Director General of [[The Institute of Strategic Studies]] where she was due to retire in 2009.<ref>{{cite news|title=ISSI DG Shireen Mazari removed|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg7_8|access-date=4 March 2017|work=Daily Times|date=15 May 2008|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209033016/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg7_8|archive-date=9 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008" /><ref name="nation/8sept2009" /><ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan" /><ref name="dawn/26sept2012" /> In 2009, Mazari was appointed as the editor of ''[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]''.<ref name="book/noexitfrompakistan" /><ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008">{{cite news|title=Shireen Mazari replaces Arif Nizami as Editor The Nation|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%5C09%5C08%5Cstory_8-9-2009_pg7_24|access-date=4 March 2017|date=8 September 2009|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012042839/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%5C09%5C08%5Cstory_8-9-2009_pg7_24|archive-date=12 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=CIA slur has chilling parallel with Pearl|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/cia-slur-has-chilling-parallel-with-daniel-pearl/news-story/7722ec93bc111c7bf6f9a42fe831634e|access-date=4 March 2017|publisher=The Australian|date=25 November 2009}}</ref> She also hosted a weekly television show on the ''[[Waqt News]]''.<ref name="nation/8sept2009" /> Mazari came under intensive criticism from the [[Committee to Protect Journalists]] after she publicly alleged [[Matthew Rosenberg|an American journalist]] to be a [[CIA]] spy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cpj.org/2009/11/international-press-decries-attack-on-rosenberg/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403203104/https://cpj.org/blog/2009/11/international-press-decries-attack-on-rosenberg.php|url-status=dead|title=International press decries attack on Rosenberg|first=Bob|last=Dietz|date=16 November 2009|archivedate=3 April 2017}}</ref> She had been an associate professor at [[Quaid-i-Azam University]] and later became chairperson of the university's Department of Defense and Strategic Studies.<ref name="nation/8sept2009" /> ==Personal life== Shireen is married to Tabish Aitbar Hazir. The couple has a daughter, Imaan Zainab Mazari Hazir<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-31 |title=Imaan Hazir Mazari Net Worth, Age, Height, Weight, Husband, Dating, Bio & Wiki |url=https://celebkatha.com/imaan-hazir-mazari/ |access-date=2023-11-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> and a son Sabeel Hazir.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/shireen-mazaris-daughter-imaan-roasts-pak-army-for-propping-terrorists/articleshow/61885172.cms|title=Shireen Mazari's daughter, Imaan, roasts Pak army for propping terrorists|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=December 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/shireen-mazari-s-daughter-slams-dg-ispr-117123000749_1.html|title=Shireen Mazari's daughter slams DG ISPR|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=30 December 2017}}</ref> ==Political career== Mazari joined the PTI in 2008<ref name="thenews/20mar2013" /><ref name="tribune/7june2013">{{cite news|title=Reserved seats for women and the elite's hold on them - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/560239/reserved-seats-for-women-and-the-elites-hold-on-them/|access-date=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=7 June 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034453/https://tribune.com.pk/story/560239/reserved-seats-for-women-and-the-elites-hold-on-them/|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> In 2009, she was Information Secretary and Spokesperson of PTI.<ref name="dailytimes/8sept2008" /><ref name="thenews/7sept2009">{{cite news|title=Clarification|url=http://thenews.jang.com.pk/print3.asp?id=24368|access-date=4 March 2017|publisher=The News|date=7 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220004822/http://thenews.jang.com.pk/print3.asp?id=24368|archive-date=20 February 2010}}</ref> In 2012, she resigned from PTI<ref name="thenews/20mar2013">{{cite news|title=Shireen Mazari rejoins PTI - thenews.com.pk|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-166185-Shireen-Mazari-rejoins-PTI|access-date=4 March 2017|publisher=The News|date=20 March 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319193638/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-166185-Shireen-Mazari-rejoins-PTI|archive-date=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="tribune/7june2013" /> where she was the Central Vice President<ref>{{cite news|title=Shireen Mazari quits PTI - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/442692/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti/|access-date=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=26 September 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304194924/https://tribune.com.pk/story/442692/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti/|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> and in charge of Foreign Policy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Shireen Mazari resigns, alleges PTI hijacked by 'big money'|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/752171/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti|access-date=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=26 September 2012|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193910/https://www.dawn.com/news/752171/shireen-mazari-resigns-from-pti|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> citing "policy differences and its takeover by corrupt elements"<ref name="dawn/26sept2012">{{cite news|title=Shireen Mazari quits PTI|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/752275/shireen-mazari-quits-pti|access-date=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=26 September 2012|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034533/https://www.dawn.com/news/752275/shireen-mazari-quits-pti|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> after she was served a show cause notice by PTI for "making unfounded, incorrect, inaccurate and false statements in the media".<ref name="dawn/26sept2012" /> She rejoined PTI in 2013.<ref name="tribune/7june2013" /> She was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan for the first time in the [[2013 Pakistani general election]] on the ticket of PTI on reserved seats for women from Punjab.<ref>{{cite news|title=Women, minority seats allotted|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1014677|access-date=7 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=29 May 2013|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307205110/https://www.dawn.com/news/1014677|archive-date=7 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=PML-N secures most reserved seats for women in NA - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/555511/pml-n-secures-most-reserved-seats-for-women-in-na/|access-date=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=28 May 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304195047/https://tribune.com.pk/story/555511/pml-n-secures-most-reserved-seats-for-women-in-na/|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Women's reserved seats: Top politicians' spouses, kin strike it lucky - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/556356/womens-reserved-seats-top-politicians-spouses-kin-strike-it-lucky/|access-date=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=30 May 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212164311/https://tribune.com.pk/story/556356/womens-reserved-seats-top-politicians-spouses-kin-strike-it-lucky/|archive-date=12 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bye bye PTI?|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1016007|access-date=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=4 June 2013|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193556/https://www.dawn.com/news/1016007|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Capital varsity bill passed amid walkout|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1182893|access-date=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=19 May 2015|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193826/https://www.dawn.com/news/1182893|archive-date=4 March 2017}}</ref> She was the chief whip of PTI in the National Assembly of Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news|title=PTI's Mazari questions ISPR silence on army sackings|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1253707|access-date=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=22 April 2016|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305034900/https://www.dawn.com/news/1253707|archive-date=5 March 2017}}</ref> She was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PTI on a seat reserved for women from Punjab in the [[2018 Pakistani general election]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Reporter |first1=The Newspaper's Staff |title=List of MNAs elected on reserved seats for women, minorities |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426560/list-of-mnas-elected-on-reserved-seats-for-women-minorities |access-date=12 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=12 August 2018}}</ref> On 18 August, [[Imran Khan]] formally announced his federal cabinet structure and Mazari was named as [[Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)|Minister for Human Rights]].<ref>{{cite news |title=PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1427792/pm-imran-khan-finalises-names-of-21-member-cabinet |access-date=18 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=18 August 2018}}</ref> On 20 August 2018, she was sworn in as Federal Minister for Human Rights in the federal cabinet of Prime Minister Imran Khan.<ref>{{cite news |title=16 ministers from PM Imran Khan's cabinet sworn in |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1428169/16-ministers-from-pm-imran-khans-cabinet-sworn-in |access-date=20 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=20 August 2018}}</ref> In January 2020, she strongly condemned an attack on [[2020 Karak temple attack|Karak temple]]<ref name="samaa">{{Cite news|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/pakistan/2020/12/historic-hindu-temple-burnt-down-in-kps-karak/amp/|title=Historic Hindu temple set ablaze in KP's Karak|work=SAMAA|author=Basit Gilani|date=30 December 2020|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> by a mob of 1,500 local Muslims led by a local Islamic cleric and the supporters of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)|Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam party]].<ref name="Aljazeera">{{Cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/31/pakistan-arrests-14-people-over-demolishing-of-hindu-temple|title=Pakistan arrests more than a dozen over Hindu temple attack|newspaper=Aljazeera|date=31 December 2020|access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref> In May 2022, she was arrested, but released after Islamabad High court ordered her release and called the arrest unlawful.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Video: When Shireen Mazari was arrested |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/418169-video-when-shireen-mazari-was-arrested |access-date=2022-05-21 |website=www.geo.tv |language=en}}</ref> ===Resignation=== On 10 April 2022, because of the Vote of No Confidence, she resigned from the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]] on the orders of [[Imran Khan]]. The newly elected Speaker accepted the resignations of eleven members on 28 July 2022, one of them was Shireen Mazari. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2368342/resignations-of-11-pti-mnas-accepted |title=Resignations of 11 PTI MNAs accepted |date=2022-07-28 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> After the 09/05 vandalism of Army installations, the beneficiaries of regime change after accusing the PTI members and leadership, carried out mass-scale arrests. Shireen Mazari upon 5 consecutive arrests and bails announced her retirement from active politics. On 23 May 2023, Shireen Mazari made the decision to leave the [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] party and publicly announced her retirement from active politics seemingly under considerable duress. Mazari cited personal reasons as the basis for her departure from the political arena.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dawn.com |date=2023-05-23 |title=In first major blow for PTI, Shireen Mazari leaves party and quits 'active politics' |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1755265 |access-date=2023-05-23 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> But according to some sources Sheeren Mazari left politics as she was forced to leave politics by the PDM government and the Army Establishment. == Controversies == In 2019, after a [[2019 London Bridge stabbing|terrorist attack in London]], she chose to criticize Pakistan's leading newspaper ''[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]'' for publicizing that the [[Usman Khan (terrorist)|terrorist]] had been a man of Pakistani origin, rather than deploring the attack itself or offering condolences. She accused Dawn to pursue an anti-Pakistani agenda. While mobs surrounded the offices of Dawn calling for the editor to be hanged, she left the defense of the [[Freedom of speech|freedom of expression]] in Pakistan to others, such as [[Reporters without Borders]].<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/pakistan-dawn-newspaper-protests-london-bridge-usman-khan-a9232246.html Pakistan newspaper besieged by Islamists calling for editor to be hanged over London Bridge coverage], The Independent, 4 December 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/extremism-watch_london-attack-coverage-prompted-riots-against-pakistani-newspaper/6180464.html London Attack Coverage Prompted Riots Against a Pakistani Newspaper], Voice of America, 4 December 2019.</ref><ref>[http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/recent-attacks-against-independent-media-in-pakistan/ Recent attacks against independent media in Pakistan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917193524/http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/recent-attacks-against-independent-media-in-pakistan/ |date=17 September 2020 }}, Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, 16 december 2019.</ref> On 21 November 2020, Mazari while citing an online article, wrote on [[Twitter]] that French president "[[Emmanuel Macron|Macron]] [was] doing to Muslims was what the Nazis did to the Jews – Muslim children will get ID numbers (other children won't) just as Jews were forced to wear the yellow star on their clothing for identification". French government denounced Mazari's tweet as "fake news and false accusation" and stated that "the proposed ID would be for all children in France". Bina Shah, a writer and [[New York Times]] columnist, said "just like in Pakistan, where as soon as you register a child's birth, the child will get assigned a 13 digit number which is then their [[National identification number#Pakistan|NIC]] number when they reach 18".<ref>{{Cite news|last=Staff|date=22 November 2020|title=France demands Pakistan rectifies Macron Nazi jibe|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-security-pakistan-idUSKBN2820BD|access-date=2020-11-22}}</ref><ref>[https://newsable.asianetnews.com/pakistan/shireen-mazari-fake-news-emmanuel-macron-muslim-registration-france-vpn-qk6var Pakistan minister Shireen Mazari exposed, France busts her fake news] ''newsable.asianetnews.com''. 22 November 2020.</ref> Later, Mazari deleted her tweet and issued a clarification stating that the article on the basis of which she had written her tweet has been amended. The online article, which was quoted by Mazari, now includes a clarification stating that the new law will be applied to all children in France. [[Foreign Ministry of France]] thanked Mazari for deleting her tweet and accepted her clarification.<ref>[https://www.geo.tv/latest/319942-france-accepts-shireen-mazaris-apology-over-insulting-comments-on-president-emmanuel-macron France thanks Shireen Mazari for deletion of tweet against President Macron]. 22 November 2020. Geo News.</ref><ref>[https://www.dawn.com/news/1591774 Mazari deletes tweet containing Macron Nazi jibe after news website issues correction]. 22 November 2020. Dawn News.</ref> Shireen Mazari has also been criticized for her silence on [[Persecution of Uyghurs in China|China's persecution of Uyghurs]] during a talkshow at [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]]. However, Mazari said that "there may be such cases in [[China]] and we have taken up those cases with the Chinese and that is how we deal with our allies."<ref>[https://www.dialoguepakistan.com/pakistan-has-taken-up-issue-of-uyghurs-with-china-shireen-mazari/ Pakistan has taken up issue of Uyghurs with China: Shireen Mazari]. 12 December 2019. Dialogue Pakistan.</ref> ==Works== ===Books=== * ''Pakistan's Security and the Nuclear Option'', [[Institute of Policy Studies (Pakistan)|Institute of Policy Studies]], 1995, 167 p. Co-edited with Tarik Jan et al. * ''The [[Kargil War|Kargil Conflict]], 1999: Separating Fact from Fiction'', Institute of Policy Studies, 2003, 162 p. ===Research papers=== * ''Nuclear Safety and Terrorism: A Case Study of India'', [[Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad|Institute of Strategic Studies]], 2001, 46 p. Co-written with Maria Sultan. * ''Pakistan's Nuclear Doctrine and Approach to Arms Control'', Institute of South Asian Studies, 2005, 17 p. * ''<nowiki/>'Islam and the West' Dialogue: What Achievements? What New Effective Methods?'', ISIS Malaysia, 2008, 16 p. ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== *{{twitter|ShireenMazari1}} * {{Citation | url = https://na.gov.pk/en/profile.php?uid=1528 | title = Shireen Mazari | work = Personal Profile | publisher = [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] | access-date = Aug 10, 2022 | ref = Official Government Website }} ==More Reading== * [[List of members of the 15th National Assembly of Pakistan]] {{Pakistani political parties}} {{Political families of Pakistan}} {{Khan Cabinet}} {{Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mazari, Shireen M.}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Baloch politicians]] [[Category:1966 births]] [[Category:Pakistani women journalists]] [[Category:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf MNAs]] [[Category:Pakistani political scientists]] [[Category:Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni]] [[Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics]] [[Category:Academic staff of Quaid-i-Azam University]] [[Category:Defence and security analysts in Pakistan]] [[Category:Pakistani women academics]] [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2013–2018]] [[Category:Politicians from Islamabad]] [[Category:Women members of the National Assembly of Pakistan]] [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2018–2023]] [[Category:Women political scientists]] [[Category:Human rights ministers of Pakistan]] [[Category:21st-century Pakistani women politicians]]

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[{"title": "Minister of Human Rights", "data": {"Minister of Human Rights": "In office \u00b7 20 August 2018 \u2013 10 April 2022", "President": "Mamnoon Hussain \u00b7 Arif Alvi", "Prime Minister": "Imran Khan", "Preceded by": "Roshan Khursheed Bharucha (caretaker)", "Succeeded by": "Riaz Hussain Pirzada"}}, {"title": "Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan", "data": {"Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan": ["In office \u00b7 13 August 2018 \u2013 29 July 2022", "In office \u00b7 1 June 2013 \u2013 31 May 2018"], "Succeeded by": "Asiya Azeem", "Constituency": "Reserved seat for women"}}, {"title": "Personal details", "data": {"Born": "26 April 1949 Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan", "Nationality": "Pakistani", "Other political \u00b7 affiliations": "PTI (2013-2023)", "Spouse": "Tabish Aitbar Hazir (died-2022)", "Children": "Imaan Zainab Mazari", "Residence": "Islamabad", "Alma mater": "London School of Economics \u00b7 Columbia University"}}]

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# Agra Cantonment railway station Agra Cantt (station code: AGC) is the main railway station in the Indian city of Agra. It is located near the Sadar Bazaar towards the southwest of the city. It lies on the main Delhi–Chennai and one of the Delhi–Mumbai lines. ## History The 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)-wide metre-gauge Delhi–Bandikui and Bandikui–Agra lines of Rajputana State Railway were opened in 1874. The Agra–Jaipur line was converted to 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge in 2005. The broad-gauge Agra–Delhi chord was opened in 1904. ## Electrification The Faridabad–Mathura–Agra section was electrified in 1982–85, Tundla–Yamuna Bridge in 1988–89 and Yamuna Bridge–Agra in 1990–91. ## The station Agra Cantt railway station has 6 platforms: - Platform 1 = 540 meters[importance?] - Platform 2 = 598 - Platform 3 = 573 - Platform 4 = 735 - Platform 5 = 631 - Platform 6 = 320 - Platform 7 = Proposed on 24 Jan 2018 The fastest train in India, Gatimaan Express, originates and terminates here. It was extended to Jhansi in April 2018. ## Passenger movement Agra Cantonment is among the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway. 1,34,26,890 Passengers Arrive at Agra Cantt per/year on an average. ## Amenities Agra Cantt. railway station has tourist information counter, computerized reservation counters (Indrail Passes were available), waiting room, retiring room, vegetarian and non-vegetarian refreshment rooms, water coolers, water vending machines and book stall. Taxis, auto-rickshaws, tempos and cycle-rickshaws are available for local movement. Idgah Bus Stand is nearby. Distance from Agra Cantt. railway station: Taj Mahal 5.7 km, Agra Fort 5.2 km, Sikandra 9.7 km, Fatehpur Sikri 38 km, Agra airport 3.6 km. ## Gallery - Railway Station View - Platform - Sign board - Station in 1920s

enwiki/18579230

enwiki

18,579,230

Agra Cantonment railway station

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agra_Cantonment_railway_station

2025-04-13T21:47:35Z

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{{Short description|Main railway station in the Indian city of Agra}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} {{Use Indian English|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox station | name = Agra Cantonment Railway Station | native_name = <hr/>Agra Cantt | type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[Indian Railways]] station | style = Indian Railways | image = Agra Cantt.jpg | image_caption = | address = [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] | country = India | coordinates = {{Coord|27|9|32|N|77|59|26|E|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}} | elevation = {{convert|174|m|ft}} | line = {{ubl|[[Agra–Delhi chord]]|[[Agra–Bhopal section]]|[[Delhi–Chennai line]]|Agra–Jaipur section}} | other = | structure = [[Intersection (road)#At grade railways|At grade]] | platform = 6 | tracks = 21 | parking = {{rint|park}} Available | bicycle = No | opened = 1904 | closed = | rebuilt = | electrified = 1982–85 | accessible = {{Access icon|20px}} Available | code = {{Indian railway code | code = AGC | zone = [[North Central Railway zone|North Central Railway]] | division = {{rwd|Agra}}}} | owned = [[Indian Railways]] | operator = [[North Central Railway zone]] | status = Functional | former = | passengers = | pass_year = | pass_percent = | pass_system = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=13|type=point|marker=rail}} | map_type = India Uttar Pradesh | map_dot_label = Agra Cantt | map_size = 300 }} {{Railways in Agra|collapse=y}} '''Agra Cantt''' (station code: '''AGC''') is the main railway station in the Indian city of [[Agra]]. It is located near the [[Sadar Bazaar, Agra|Sadar Bazaar]] towards the southwest of the city. It lies on the main Delhi–Chennai and one of the Delhi–Mumbai lines. ==History== The {{track gauge|1000mm}}-wide [[metre-gauge]] Delhi–Bandikui and Bandikui–Agra lines of Rajputana State Railway were opened in 1874.<ref name=irfcaii>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history2.html|title = IR History:Early Days II (1870-1899)| publisher= IRFCA| access-date =23 June 2013 }}</ref> The Agra–Jaipur line was converted to {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/06/stories/2005050613070500.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050506020437/http://www.hindu.com/2005/05/06/stories/2005050613070500.htm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 6 May 2005 |title = Boost for Jaipur–Agra rail link |date=6 May 2005| work = [[The Hindu]] | access-date =2 July 2013 }}</ref> The broad-gauge Agra–Delhi chord was opened in 1904.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history3.html|title = IR History: Part III (1900–1947)| publisher= IRFCA| access-date =2 July 2013 }}</ref> ==Electrification== The Faridabad–Mathura–Agra section was electrified in 1982–85, Tundla–Yamuna Bridge in 1988–89 and Yamuna Bridge–Agra in 1990–91.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html|title = History of Electrification| publisher= IRFCA| access-date = 2 July 2013}}</ref> ==The station== Agra Cantt railway station has 6 platforms: * Platform 1 = 540 meters{{Importance inline|reason=Why is length of each platform important? Is it deviation from normal ? Or anything extraordinary worth mentioning here?|date=August 2023}} * Platform 2 = 598 * Platform 3 = 573 * Platform 4 = 735 * Platform 5 = 631 * Platform 6 = 320 * Platform 7 = Proposed on 24 Jan 2018 The fastest train in India, [[Gatimaan Express]], originates and terminates here. It was extended to Jhansi in April 2018.{{citation needed|date=November 2018}} ==Passenger movement== Agra Cantonment is among the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html |title=Indian Railways Passenger Reservation Enquiry |work=Availability in trains for Top 100 Booking Stations of Indian Railways |publisher=Indian Railways |access-date=2 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510115649/http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html |archive-date=10 May 2014 }}</ref> 1,34,26,890 Passengers Arrive at Agra Cantt per/year on an average. ==Amenities== Agra Cantt. railway station has tourist information counter, computerized reservation counters ([[Indrail Pass]]es were available), waiting room, retiring room, vegetarian and non-vegetarian refreshment rooms, water coolers, water vending machines and book stall.<ref name="Agra">{{cite web |title=Agra Railway Station |url=http://www.makemytrip.com/railways/agra.html |access-date=2 July 2013 |publisher=Make my trip}}</ref> Taxis, auto-rickshaws, tempos and cycle-rickshaws are available for local movement. [[Idgah Bus Stand]] is nearby. Distance from Agra Cantt. railway station: [[Taj Mahal]] 5.7 km, [[Agra Fort]] 5.2 km, [[Sikandra, Agra|Sikandra]] 9.7 km, [[Fatehpur Sikri]] 38 km, [[Agra airport]] 3.6 km.<ref name=Agra/> ==Gallery== <gallery widths=180> Agra Cant railway station.jpg|Railway Station View File:Agra Cant Railway Station.jpg|Platform Agra Cantonment railway station sign, India DSCF8293 (33449685810).jpg|Sign board Agra railway station in the 1920s (2).JPG|Station in 1920s </gallery> == References == {{reflist|30em}} == External links == {{Portal bar|India|Railways|Transport}} * {{Wikivoyage inline|Agra}} {{Adjacent stations|noclear=y |system=Indian Railways |line=North Central Railway zone|left=Bhandai|right=Raja ki Mandi|type=[[Jhansi–Delhi line]] |line2=North Central Railway zone|left2=|right2=Bichpuri|type2=Agra–Bharatpur branch line |line3=North Central Railway zone|left3=|right3=Pathauli|type3=Agra–Bayana branch line |line4=North Central Railway zone|left4=|right4=Idgah|type4=[[Tundla–Agra line 1]] |line5=North Central Railway zone|left5=|right5=Agra City|type5=[[Tundla–Agra line 2]]}} {{Commons category}} {{Railway stations in Uttar Pradesh}} [[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1904]] [[Category:Railway stations in Agra]] [[Category:Agra railway division]]

1,285,470,868

[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Agra, Uttar Pradesh \u00b7 India", "Coordinates": "27\u00b09\u203232\u2033N 77\u00b059\u203226\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff27.15889\u00b0N 77.99056\u00b0E", "Elevation": "174 metres (571 ft)", "Owned by": "Indian Railways", "Operated by": "North Central Railway zone", "Line(s)": "- Agra\u2013Delhi chord - Agra\u2013Bhopal section - Delhi\u2013Chennai line - Agra\u2013Jaipur section", "Platforms": "6", "Tracks": "21"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "At grade", "Parking": "Available", "Bicycle facilities": "No", "Accessible": "Available"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Status": "Functional", "Station code": "AGC", "Zone(s)": "North Central Railway", "Division(s)": "Agra"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "1904", "Electrified": "1982\u201385"}}]

false

# Woodridge railway station Woodridge railway station is located on the Beenleigh line in Queensland, Australia. Despite the name, it serves the Logan suburb of Logan Central. Neighbouring station Trinder Park serves the suburb of Woodridge, Logan City. ## History Woodridge station opened in 1885, providing an outlet for sawn timber. Graham's timber siding was opened in 1913, and in the next year another sawmiller subdivided land on the west side of the line and marketed it as the Woodridge estate. Though the Railways Department called it 15 Mile Siding. The siding was named Woodridge in January 1917, when the platform was made accessible to the public. As part of the Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail project, the station will receive level crossing removals. ## Services Woodridge station is served by all stops Beenleigh line services from Beenleigh to Bowen Hills and Ferny Grove. ## Services by platform | Platform | Line | Destinations | Notes | | -------- | --------- | ------------------------- | ----- | | 1 | Beenleigh | Beenleigh | [ 7 ] | | 2 | Beenleigh | Bowen Hills & Ferny Grove | [ 8 ] |

enwiki/1645464

enwiki

1,645,464

Woodridge railway station

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodridge_railway_station

2025-01-28T22:34:32Z

en

Q8033147

70,251

{{Short description|Railway station in Queensland, Australia}} {{Use Australian English|date=June 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Infobox station |name = Woodridge |type = |style = TransLink (Queensland) |image = Woodridge Railway Station, Queensland, July 2012.JPG |image_caption = Westbound view from Platform 2, July 2012 |address = Station Road, [[Logan Central]] |country = |coordinates = {{coord|-27.6381|153.1038|format=dms|type:railwaystation_region:AU-QLD|display=inline,title}} |distance = 26.79 kilometres from [[Central railway station, Brisbane|Central]] |line = [[Beenleigh railway line|Beenleigh]] |other = |structure = Ground |platform = 1 island |depth = |levels = |tracks = 2 |parking = 167 bays |bicycle = Yes |opened = {{Start date and age|1885}} |closed = |rebuilt = |electrified = Yes |accessible = |code = 600226 (platform 1) 600227 (platform 2) |owned = [[Queensland Rail]] |operator = [[Queensland Rail]] |zone = [[go card]] 2 |status = Staffed |former = 15 Mile Siding |passengers = |pass_year = |pass_percent = |pass_system = |mpassengers = |services = {{Adjacent stations |system1=Queensland Rail |line2=Beenleigh|left2=Trinder Park|right2=Kingston }} |map_locator = |web = [{{Translink stop|woodridge-station}} Translink]}} '''Woodridge railway station''' is located on the [[Beenleigh railway line|Beenleigh line]] in [[Queensland]], Australia. Despite the name, it serves the [[Logan City|Logan]] suburb of [[Logan Central]]. Neighbouring station [[Trinder Park railway station|Trinder Park]] serves the suburb of [[Woodridge, Queensland|Woodridge]], [[Logan City]].<ref name="globe">{{Queensland Globe|accessdate=10 December 2018}}</ref> ==History== Woodridge station opened in 1885, providing an outlet for sawn timber.<ref name=":0" /> Graham's timber siding was opened in 1913, and in the next year another sawmiller subdivided land on the west side of the line and marketed it as the Woodridge estate.<ref name=":0" /> Though the Railways Department called it 15 Mile Siding.<ref name=":1" /> The siding was named Woodridge in January 1917,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Woodridge {{!}} Queensland Places |url=https://queenslandplaces.com.au/woodridge |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=queenslandplaces.com.au}}</ref> when the platform was made accessible to the public.<ref name=":1">{{cite web | title = Woodridge | publisher = [[Logan City]] | url = http://www.logan.qld.gov.au/about-logan/suburbs/woodridge | accessdate = 19 February 2015}}</ref><ref>[http://www.queenslandplaces.com.au/woodridge Woodridge] Centre for the Government of Queensland</ref> As part of the Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail project, the station will receive level crossing removals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Logan and Gold Coast Faster Rail (Department of Transport and Main Roads) |url=https://sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net/projects/logan-and-gold-coast-faster-rail |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=sc-tmrwcmgr-cd.azurewebsites.net |language=en}}</ref> ==Services== Woodridge station is served by all stops [[Beenleigh railway line|Beenleigh line]] services from [[Beenleigh railway station|Beenleigh]] to [[Bowen Hills railway station|Bowen Hills]] and [[Ferny Grove railway station|Ferny Grove]].<ref>{{Queensland Timetables|Beenleigh}}</ref> ==Services by platform== {|class="wikitable" style="float: none; margin: 0.5em; " |- !Platform !Line !Destinations !Notes |- |rowspan=1 style="text-align:center;"|1 |style="background:#E31836"|[[Beenleigh railway line|{{color|white|Beenleigh}}]] |[[Beenleigh railway station|Beenleigh]] |<ref>[{{Translink stop|600226/timetable}} Woodridge Platform 1] TransLink</ref> |- |rowspan=1 style="text-align:center;"|2 |style="background:#E31836"|[[Beenleigh railway line|{{color|white|Beenleigh}}]] |[[Bowen Hills railway station|Bowen Hills]] & [[Ferny Grove railway station|Ferny Grove]] |<ref>[{{Translink stop|600227/timetable}} Woodridge Platform 2] TransLink</ref> |- |} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *{{commons category-inline}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080905112643/http://qroti.com/placeinfo/qld/rail/woodridge/ Woodridge station] Queensland's Railways on the Internet *[{{Translink stop|woodridge-station}} Woodridge station] Translink travel information {{Queensland Rail railway stations|Beenleigh=y|state=collapsed}} [[Category:Railway stations in Logan City]] [[Category:Railway stations in Australia opened in 1913]]

1,272,494,917

[{"title": "General information", "data": {"Location": "Station Road, Logan Central", "Coordinates": "27\u00b038\u203217\u2033S 153\u00b006\u203214\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff27.6381\u00b0S 153.1038\u00b0E", "Owned by": "Queensland Rail", "Operated by": "Queensland Rail", "Line(s)": "Beenleigh", "Distance": "26.79 kilometres from Central", "Platforms": "1 island", "Tracks": "2"}}, {"title": "Construction", "data": {"Structure type": "Ground", "Parking": "167 bays", "Bicycle facilities": "Yes"}}, {"title": "Other information", "data": {"Status": "Staffed", "Station code": "600226 (platform 1) \u00b7 600227 (platform 2)", "Fare zone": "go card 2", "Website": "Translink"}}, {"title": "History", "data": {"Opened": "1885", "Electrified": "Yes", "Previous names": "15 Mile Siding"}}, {"title": "Services", "data": {"Preceding station": "Queensland Rail \u00b7 Following station", "Trinder Parktowards Bowen Hills": "Beenleigh Line \u00b7 Kingstontowards Beenleigh"}}]

false

# My French Coach and My Spanish Coach My French Coach and My Spanish Coach are educational games developed by Sensory Sweep Studios and published by Ubisoft for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation Portable, and Wii. They are part of Ubisoft's My Coach series, and were released for the Nintendo DS on November 6, 2007 in North America, for the Wii on November 23, 2007 in Europe, and My Spanish Coach was released for the PlayStation Portable on October 7, 2008, and iOS on June 6, 2009. For their releases in Europe and Australia, the games were renamed My French Coach Level 1: Beginners and My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners. French and Spanish language teachers assisted with development of the gameplay for both games, which concentrates on teaching French or Spanish using lessons and minigames. As the player progresses the lessons, the gameplay uses increasingly complex words and phrases. The games received praise and criticism from various video game publications; they praised the games' effectiveness in teaching the language, but lamented their repetitive nature. The next installments in the series, titled My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate and My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate, also developed and published by Ubisoft, were released in Europe on November 23, 2007 alongside their Level 1 counterparts. ## Gameplay The gameplay of My French Coach and My Spanish Coach consists of the player completing lessons that introduce new vocabulary and then focus on mastering the words through several puzzles. As the player progresses through the game, the words increase in difficulty. When first starting the game, the player takes an introductory test that gauges their initial comprehension level of the French or Spanish language. The player is then placed into a level reflective of the score they received on the test. A player who scores highly will be able to skip many of the initial levels and more basic concepts. When starting a lesson, the player is shown ten new words, which include nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs, as well as their meanings and proper enunciation. Following this, the player is offered a choice of eight minigames to test their knowledge of the words given in the lesson. These minigames are Multiple Choice, Hit-A-Word, Word Find, Flash Cards, Fill in the Blank, Memory, Bridge Builder, and Spelltastic. In Multiple Choice, the player must select the correct French or Spanish translation of an English word from four choices in a limited time frame. Hit-A-Word is a Whac-A-Mole game in which the player must hit the most moles with the correct translation of an English word within the allotted time. Word Find is a word search in which the player must find the French or Spanish translations of a set of English words or phrases. In Flash Cards, the player is given a French or Spanish word and must choose the card with the proper English translation. In Memory, the player must select from a set of face-down cards a French or Spanish word and its English translation. Bridge Builder tests sentence structure; the player has to construct a proper sentence from a set of given words. In Spelltastic, the player listens to a French or Spanish word and spells it using a keyboard within the allotted time. For Fill-in-the-Blank, the player selects the proper conjugation of a French or Spanish verb within a sentence. Whenever a player correctly answers a question or solves a puzzle in a minigame, they gain "mastery points" on the word they successfully answered. The minigames can be increased in difficulty; on higher difficulty levels, players will acquire more mastery points when successfully completing a minigame. For instance, in Multiple Choice, the player has 50 seconds to select an answer for a question on the "Easy" difficulty, and will receive two mastery points for each correct answer. On the "Medium" difficulty, the player has 40 seconds to select an answer and receives three mastery points for each correct answer. The process continues until the player scores fifteen mastery points for every word, allowing the player to proceed to the next lesson. Following the completion of all fifty lessons, the player can continue to learn new words through "open lessons" that contain ten new vocabulary words apiece; the dictionaries of both games each hold nearly 10,000 words. The player can freely access the reference section, which contains a dictionary and phrasebook, at any time. Both the dictionary and phrasebook hold all of the words and phrases in each game, as well as meanings and audio files for both; the player can look through different categories of words and phrases, use a search function, and bookmark chosen phrases. ## Development My French Coach and My Spanish Coach are two of the first three games Ubisoft released for the My Coach series; the other game is My Word Coach. During the course of their development by Sensory Sweep Studios, the lessons and minigames were created with the help of French and Spanish language teachers. Ubisoft announced the creation of a new division to create the My Coach series on May 21, 2007, and that Pauline Jacquey, the producer of the Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon and Rayman series, would lead the division. When commenting on the direction of the My Coach series, Jacquey said that she was "developing projects that make people feel that playing games is worth their while, allowing them to spend quality time with family and friends, learn a new skill, or improve their daily lives". Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot commented that, "The timing is right for us to leverage our creativity and to open up the video games market to new consumers who will be attracted by content that can help them learn, grow and feel better in an entertaining way". All three games were released on November 6, 2007 in North America. Ubisoft followed with a PlayStation Portable version of My Spanish Coach, releasing it in North America on October 7, 2008; Wii versions of My French Coach and My Spanish Coach were released in Europe on November 30, 2007. The European releases for My French Coach, titled My French Coach Level 1: Beginners, and My Spanish Coach, renamed My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners, were accompanied by My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate and My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate, the next games in the series. ## Reception | Aggregator | Score | Score | | Aggregator | DS | PSP | | ------------ | ------------------------- | ------------ | | GameRankings | 80.00% (MFC) 75.29% (MSC) | 60.00% (MSC) | | Metacritic | 73 of 100 (MSC) | N/A | | Publication | Score | Score | | Publication | DS | PSP | | --------------------- | ----------------------------- | --------------- | | Eurogamer | 7.0 of 10[n 1] | N/A | | GameZone | 7.0 of 10[n 1] | N/A | | IGN | 7.0 of 10[n 1] | 7.0 of 10 (MSC) | | Nintendo World Report | 9.5 of 10 (MFC) 7 of 10 (MSC) | N/A | My French Coach and My Spanish Coach have received generally favorable reviews from several video game publications. On Metacritic, a website that compiles scores from various video game reviews, My Spanish Coach received a 73/100, based on seven reviews. In a review of the DS versions of both games, IGN called them a "great learning experience" and a more entertaining alternative to traditional methods of learning French and Spanish such as "[h]ours of boring exercises and outdated videos". Eurogamer claimed the games were not substitutes for proper language lessons, but admitted that "as tools for improving your language skills, whether you're starting from scratch or have some basic knowledge, they're great". In a review of the DS version of My French Coach, Nintendo World Report called the game "not be the hottest game to ever sit in your DS, but it is an unusually polished product that achieves the edutainment holy grail – it makes learning easy and fun". During the 2007 Christmas holiday season, video game retailer GameStop recommended My Spanish Coach for "The Academic Gamer". My Spanish Coach led all Nintendo DS games in sales during the week of August 15, 2008 to August 21, 2008. The gameplay received mixed reviews from critics. In a review of the PSP version of My Spanish Coach, IGN noted that acquiring mastery points in the minigames lead to "quite a bit of grinding" due to the game's repetitive structure. Nevertheless, IGN accepted that the repetition was an effective way to learn the vocabulary, and noted that "[p]icking up on things like gender and age, emphasis and the breakdowns of the actual language itself and proper/casual ways of conversing are made fairly clear and reinforced regularly". IGN's review of the DS versions of both games commented that neither game taught the future or past tense, calling it one of the "most disappointing" aspects of the game, but praised the effective incorporation of the DS stylus into the minigames. Eurogamer noted that the minigames were "only really good for practicing reading" due to a lack of games for practicing proper speaking, but GameZone disagreed, noting that the player was able to hear their attempt to speak the French or Spanish words alongside the correct pronunciation during lessons, and praised this aspect as the "most interesting and intriguing feature of [My French Coach and My Spanish Coach]". In a review of the DS version of My Spanish Coach, Nintendo World Report lamented that many of the minigames "exhibit the same type of unimaginative boringness" and that "it takes ages to unlock new lessons and mini-games"; however, it noted that the minigames were "extremely effective" and "constructed extremely well" in terms of teaching the language. Nintendo World Report's review of the DS version of My French Coach called the game's reference section "a very handy travel dictionary", noting that having a dictionary list and a phrasebook with audio files that could bookmark chosen phrases was "an absurd value". The games' graphics and audio also received praise and criticism from reviewers. IGN's review of the PSP version of My Spanish Coach noted that the fact that the game appeared on multiple platforms contributed to its "sparse look and feel" because the games' graphics and audio were made for the Nintendo DS. Eurogamer praised the games' "clean, crisp visuals" and "jolly accordion music and jolly fiesta music". In contrast, IGN's review of the DS versions of both games called the music "catchy but repetitive" and the graphics "cute but nothing to write home about". GameZone noted that "[t]he visual concept was obviously not a front runner in [the games'] conception", and that the audio of neither game "[does] anything remotely special". Nintendo World Report made note of the games' narrator during the lessons, praising its "clear and coherent glory" in terms of pronouncing the words correctly.

enwiki/14938293

enwiki

14,938,293

My French Coach and My Spanish Coach

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_French_Coach_and_My_Spanish_Coach

2025-05-03T12:36:50Z

en

Q10334093

147,431

{{Short description|2007 video game}} {{Infobox video game |title = ''My French Coach'' ''My Spanish Coach'' |italic title = no |image = [[Image:My French Coach cover art.jpg]] [[Image:My Spanish Coach Coverart.png]] |caption = Box art of the North American releases of ''My French Coach'' (top) and ''My Spanish Coach'' (bottom) |developer = [[Sensory Sweep Studios]] |publisher = [[Ubisoft]] |released = '''Nintendo DS'''<ref name="GFAQsDSDataMSC">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/portable/ds/data/939690.html|title=My Spanish Coach Release Information for DS|publisher=[[GameFAQs]]|access-date=2009-03-16}}</ref><ref name="NWRMFCProfileDS">{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=13992|title=Game Info: My French Coach (DS)|publisher=Nintendo World Report|access-date=2009-03-16|archive-date=2009-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425030122/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=13992|url-status=live}}</ref> {{vgrelease|NA|November 6, 2007}}{{vgrelease|PAL|November 23, 2007}}'''Wii'''<ref name="GFAQsWiiData">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/wii/data/944276.html|title=My Spanish Coach Release Information for Wii|publisher=[[GameFAQs]]|access-date=2009-03-16|archive-date=2009-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225005929/http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/wii/data/944276.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NWRMFCProfileWii">{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/gameArt.cfm?artid=15021|title=Game Info: My French Coach (Wii)|publisher=Nintendo World Report|access-date=2009-03-16}}</ref> {{vgrelease|PAL|November 30, 2007}}'''PlayStation Portable'''<ref name="IGNPSPReview">{{cite web|url=http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p1.html|title=My Spanish Coach Review (PSP) - Page 1|publisher=[[IGN]]|author=Bishop, Sam|date=2008-10-23|access-date=2009-03-16|archive-date=2009-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221161138/http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> (''My Spanish Coach'') {{vgrelease|NA|October 7, 2008|EU|October 2008}}'''iOS''' June 6, 2009 |genre = [[Educational game|Educational]], [[Puzzle video game|puzzle]] |modes = [[Single-player]] |platforms = [[Nintendo DS]], [[Wii]], [[PlayStation Portable]], [[iOS]] }} '''''My French Coach''''' and '''''My Spanish Coach''''' are [[educational game]]s developed by [[Sensory Sweep Studios]] and published by [[Ubisoft]] for the [[Nintendo DS]], [[iOS]], [[PlayStation Portable]], and [[Wii]]. They are part of Ubisoft's ''[[My Coach]]'' series, and were released for the Nintendo DS on November 6, 2007 in North America, for the Wii on November 23, 2007 in Europe,<ref name="GFAQsWiiData"/><ref name="NWRMFCProfileWii"/> and ''My Spanish Coach'' was released for the PlayStation Portable on October 7, 2008, and iOS on June 6, 2009.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> For their releases in Europe and Australia, the games were renamed ''My French Coach Level 1: Beginners'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners''.<ref name="GFAQsDSDataMSC"/> French and Spanish language teachers assisted with development of the gameplay for both games, which concentrates on teaching French or Spanish using lessons and [[minigames]].<ref name="EurogamerReview">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/my-coach-roundup-review?page=2|title=My Coach Roundup Review - Page 2 // DS|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|author=Gibson, Ellie|date=March 12, 2008|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> As the player progresses the lessons, the gameplay uses increasingly complex words and phrases. The games received praise and criticism from various [[Video game journalism|video game publications]]; they praised the games' effectiveness in teaching the language, but lamented their repetitive nature. The next installments in the series, titled ''My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate'', also developed and published by Ubisoft, were released in Europe on November 23, 2007 alongside their ''Level 1'' counterparts.<ref name="GameSpotLevel2Data">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myspanishcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary|title=My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate for DS - Technical Information, Game Information, Technical Support|publisher=[[GameSpot]]|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> ==Gameplay== [[File:MySpanishCoachGameplay.jpg|thumb|left|The player going through the vocabulary given during the 44th lesson in ''My Spanish Coach''; the player can listen to the pronunciation of the words in this sequence.]] The gameplay of ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' consists of the player completing lessons that introduce new vocabulary and then focus on mastering the words through several [[puzzle video game|puzzles]]. As the player progresses through the game, the words increase in difficulty. When first starting the game, the player takes an introductory test that gauges their initial comprehension level of the French or Spanish language.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> The player is then placed into a level reflective of the score they received on the test. A player who scores highly will be able to skip many of the initial levels and more basic concepts.<ref name="IGNDSReview">{{cite web|url=http://ds.ign.com/articles/836/836806p1.html|title=My Spanish Coach Review (DS)|publisher=[[IGN]]|author=Sullivan, Meghan|date=November 20, 2007|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> When starting a lesson, the player is shown ten new words, which include [[nouns]], [[verbs]], [[adjectives]], or [[adverbs]], as well as their meanings and proper enunciation.<ref name="GUIDE8">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=8}}</ref> Following this, the player is offered a choice of eight minigames to test their knowledge of the words given in the lesson.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> These minigames are Multiple Choice, Hit-A-Word, Word Find, Flash Cards, Fill in the Blank, Memory, Bridge Builder, and Spelltastic.<ref name="IGNPSPReviewP2">{{cite web|url=http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p2.html|title=My Spanish Coach Review (PSP) - Page 2|publisher=[[IGN]]|author=Bishop, Sam|date=2008-10-23|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=2011-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527204424/http://psp.ign.com/articles/923/923174p2.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In Multiple Choice, the player must select the correct French or Spanish translation of an English word from four choices in a limited time frame.<ref name="GUIDE10">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=10}}</ref> Hit-A-Word is a [[Whac-A-Mole]] game in which the player must hit the most moles with the correct translation of an English word within the allotted time.<ref name="GUIDE11">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=11}}</ref> Word Find is a [[word search]] in which the player must find the French or Spanish translations of a set of English words or phrases.<ref name="GUIDE12">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=12}}</ref> In Flash Cards, the player is given a French or Spanish word and must choose the card with the proper English translation.<ref name="GUIDE12"/> In Memory, the player must select from a set of face-down cards a French or Spanish word and its English translation.<ref name="GUIDE13">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=13}}</ref> Bridge Builder tests sentence structure; the player has to construct a proper sentence from a set of given words.<ref name="GUIDE14">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=14}}</ref> In Spelltastic, the player listens to a French or Spanish word and spells it using a keyboard within the allotted time.<ref name="GUIDE14"/> For Fill-in-the-Blank, the player selects the proper conjugation of a French or Spanish verb within a sentence.<ref name="GUIDE15">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=15}}</ref> Whenever a player correctly answers a question or solves a puzzle in a minigame, they gain "mastery points" on the word they successfully answered. The minigames can be increased in difficulty; on higher difficulty levels, players will acquire more mastery points when successfully completing a minigame.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> For instance, in Multiple Choice, the player has 50 seconds to select an answer for a question on the "Easy" difficulty, and will receive two mastery points for each correct answer. On the "Medium" difficulty, the player has 40 seconds to select an answer and receives three mastery points for each correct answer.<ref name="GUIDE10"/> The process continues until the player scores fifteen mastery points for every word, allowing the player to proceed to the next lesson.<ref name="GUIDE16">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=16}}</ref> Following the completion of all fifty lessons, the player can continue to learn new words through "open lessons" that contain ten new vocabulary words apiece; the dictionaries of both games each hold nearly 10,000 words.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/><ref name="IGNDSReview"/><ref name="GUIDE9">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=9}}</ref><ref name="GameSpotPressRelease">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/strategy/myspanishcoach/news.html?sid=6182365&om_act=convert&om_clk=gsupdates&tag=updates;title;2|title=Top News Stories for My Spanish Coach on DS|publisher=[[GameSpot]]|date=November 6, 2007|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> The player can freely access the reference section, which contains a dictionary and phrasebook, at any time. Both the dictionary and phrasebook hold all of the words and phrases in each game, as well as meanings and audio files for both; the player can look through different categories of words and phrases, use a search function, and bookmark chosen phrases.<ref name="GUIDE18">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=18}}</ref><ref name="GUIDE19">{{cite book |editor=Ubisoft|title=My Spanish Coach North American instruction manual|year=2007|publisher=Ubisoft|page=19}}</ref><ref name="NWRReviewMFC">{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=15148|title=DS Review: My French Coach|publisher=Nintendo World Report|author=Metts, Jonathan|date=January 20, 2008|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=April 26, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426223304/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=15148|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Development== ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' are two of the first three games Ubisoft released for the ''My Coach'' series; the other game is ''[[My Word Coach]]''. During the course of their development by Sensory Sweep Studios, the lessons and minigames were created with the help of French and Spanish language teachers.<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> Ubisoft announced the creation of a new division to create the ''My Coach'' series on May 21, 2007, and that Pauline Jacquey, the producer of the ''[[Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon]]'' and ''[[Rayman]]'' series, would lead the division. When commenting on the direction of the ''My Coach'' series, Jacquey said that she was "developing projects that make people feel that playing games is worth their while, allowing them to spend quality time with family and friends, learn a new skill, or improve their daily lives".<ref name="GamasutraDivisionCreation">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=14021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524044536/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=14021|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 24, 2007|title=Ubisoft Makes Serious, Casual Moves With My Coach|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]|author=Boyer, Brandon|date=May 21, 2007|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot commented that, "The timing is right for us to leverage our creativity and to open up the video games market to new consumers who will be attracted by content that can help them learn, grow and feel better in an entertaining way".<ref name="GamasutraDivisionCreation"/> All three games were released on November 6, 2007 in North America.<ref name="GameSpotPressRelease"/> Ubisoft followed with a PlayStation Portable version of ''My Spanish Coach'', releasing it in North America on October 7, 2008; Wii versions of ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' were released in Europe on November 30, 2007.<ref name="GFAQsWiiData"/><ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> The European releases for ''My French Coach'', titled ''My French Coach Level 1: Beginners'', and ''My Spanish Coach'', renamed ''My Spanish Coach Level 1: Beginners'', were accompanied by ''My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate'' and ''My Spanish Coach Level 2: Intermediate'', the next games in the series.<ref name="GameSpotLevel2Data"/><ref name="GameSpotMFCLevel2Data">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myfrenchcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary|title=My French Coach Level 2: Intermediate for DS - Technical Information, Game Information, Technical Support|publisher=[[GameSpot]]|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=April 27, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427112011/http://www.gamespot.com/ds/puzzle/myfrenchcoachlevel2intermediate/tech_info.html?tag=tabs;summary|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Reception== {{Video game reviews | DS = true | PSP = true | na = true | GameZone_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="GameZoneReview">{{cite web|url=http://nds.gamezone.com/gzreviews/r33738.htm|title=My Spanish Coach Review|publisher=GameZone|author=Folkers, Brandon|date=2007-11-26|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721164207/http://nds.gamezone.com/gzreviews/r33738.htm |archive-date=July 21, 2011}}</ref>{{Ref|1|[n 1]}} | EuroG_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="EurogamerReview"/>{{Ref|1|[n 1]}} | IGN_DS = 7.0 of 10<ref name="IGNDSReview"/>{{Ref|1|[n 1]}} | IGN_PSP = 7.0 of 10 (''MSC'')<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> | NWR_DS = 9.5 of 10 (''MFC'')<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/> 7 of 10 (''MSC'')<ref name="NWRReview">{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=16514|title=DS Review: My Spanish Coach|publisher=Nintendo World Report|author=Basire, Casey|date=August 1, 2008|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=April 24, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424220749/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/reviewArt.cfm?artid=16514|url-status=live}}</ref> | MC_DS = 73 of 100 (''MSC'')<ref name="MetacriticReview">{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ds/myspanishcoach|title=My Spanish Coach (ds: 2007): Reviews|publisher=[[Metacritic]]|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=April 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417012912/http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ds/myspanishcoach|url-status=dead}}</ref> | GR_DS = 80.00% (''MFC'')<ref name="GameRankingsDSMFC">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939691-my-french-coach/index.html|title=My French Coach for DS|publisher=[[GameRankings]]|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=February 12, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212025402/http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939691-my-french-coach/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> 75.29% (''MSC'')<ref name="GameRankingsDS">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939690-my-spanish-coach/index.html|title=My Spanish Coach for DS|publisher=[[GameRankings]]|access-date=June 24, 2011|archive-date=October 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003045732/http://www.gamerankings.com/ds/939690-my-spanish-coach/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | GR_PSP = 60.00% (''MSC'')<ref name="GameRankingsPSP">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/psp/951606-my-spanish-coach/index.html|title=My Spanish Coach for PSP|publisher=[[GameRankings]]|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> }} ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'' have received generally favorable reviews from several video game publications. On [[Metacritic]], a website that compiles scores from various video game reviews, ''My Spanish Coach'' received a 73/100, based on seven reviews.<ref name="MetacriticReview"/> In a review of the DS versions of both games, IGN called them a "great learning experience" and a more entertaining alternative to traditional methods of learning French and Spanish such as "[h]ours of boring exercises and outdated videos".<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> [[Eurogamer]] claimed the games were not substitutes for proper language lessons, but admitted that "as tools for improving your language skills, whether you're starting from scratch or have some basic knowledge, they're great".<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> In a review of the DS version of ''My French Coach'', Nintendo World Report called the game "not be the hottest game to ever sit in your DS, but it is an unusually polished product that achieves the edutainment holy grail – it makes learning easy and fun".<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/> During the 2007 Christmas holiday season, video game retailer [[GameStop]] recommended ''My Spanish Coach'' for "The Academic Gamer".<ref name="GamasutraGameStopPromotion">{{cite web|url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/gamestop-highlights-holiday-season-trends|title=GameStop Highlights Holiday Season Trends|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]|author=Alexander, Leigh|date=November 7, 2007|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> ''My Spanish Coach'' led all Nintendo DS games in sales during the week of August 15, 2008 to August 21, 2008.<ref name="GamasutraSales">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=19959|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827210722/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=19959|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 27, 2008|title=Saling The World: Vesperia, Wii Fit, Madden Rule Roost|publisher=[[Gamasutra]]|author=Cowan, Danny|date=August 22, 2008|access-date=June 24, 2011}}</ref> The gameplay received mixed reviews from critics. In a review of the PSP version of ''My Spanish Coach'', ''IGN'' noted that acquiring mastery points in the minigames lead to "quite a bit of [[Grind (gaming)|grinding]]" due to the game's repetitive structure.<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> Nevertheless, ''IGN'' accepted that the repetition was an effective way to learn the vocabulary, and noted that "[p]icking up on things like [[Grammatical gender|gender]] and age, emphasis and the breakdowns of the actual language itself and proper/casual ways of conversing are made fairly clear and reinforced regularly".<ref name="IGNPSPReview"/> IGN's review of the DS versions of both games commented that neither game taught the [[Future tense|future]] or [[past tense]], calling it one of the "most disappointing" aspects of the game, but praised the effective incorporation of the [[Nintendo DS#Input and output|DS stylus]] into the minigames.<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> ''Eurogamer'' noted that the minigames were "only really good for practicing reading" due to a lack of games for practicing proper speaking,<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> but ''GameZone'' disagreed, noting that the player was able to hear their attempt to speak the French or Spanish words alongside the correct pronunciation during lessons, and praised this aspect as the "most interesting and intriguing feature of [''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach'']".<ref name="GameZoneReview"/> In a review of the DS version of ''My Spanish Coach'', ''Nintendo World Report'' lamented that many of the minigames "exhibit the same type of unimaginative boringness" and that "it takes ages to unlock new lessons and mini-games"; however, it noted that the minigames were "extremely effective" and "constructed extremely well" in terms of teaching the language.<ref name="NWRReview"/> ''Nintendo World Report'''s review of the DS version of ''My French Coach'' called the game's reference section "a very handy travel dictionary", noting that having a dictionary list and a phrasebook with audio files that could bookmark chosen phrases was "an absurd value".<ref name="NWRReviewMFC"/> The games' graphics and audio also received praise and criticism from reviewers. IGN's review of the PSP version of ''My Spanish Coach'' noted that the fact that the game appeared on multiple platforms contributed to its "sparse look and feel" because the games' graphics and audio were made for the Nintendo DS.<ref name="IGNPSPReviewP2"/> ''Eurogamer'' praised the games' "clean, crisp visuals" and "jolly accordion music and jolly fiesta music".<ref name="EurogamerReview"/> In contrast, IGN's review of the DS versions of both games called the music "catchy but repetitive" and the graphics "cute but nothing to write home about".<ref name="IGNDSReview"/> ''GameZone'' noted that "[t]he visual concept was obviously not a front runner in [the games'] conception", and that the audio of neither game "[does] anything remotely special". ''Nintendo World Report'' made note of the games' narrator during the lessons, praising its "clear and coherent glory" in terms of pronouncing the words correctly.<ref name="NWRReview"/> ==See also== {{Portal|Video games}} *[[List of Ubisoft games]] ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ;Notes {{Refbegin}} #{{note|1}} Review covers both ''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach''. {{Refend}} ==External links== *[http://mywordcoach.us.ubi.com/my_french_coach.php Official website of ''My French Coach''] *[http://mywordcoach.us.ubi.com/my_spanish_coach.php Official website of ''My Spanish Coach''] {{My Coach series}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:''My French Coach'' and ''My Spanish Coach''}} {{good article}} {{DEFAULTSORT:My French Coach And My Spanish Coach}} [[Category:2007 video games]] [[Category:Language learning video games]] [[Category:IOS games]] [[Category:Nintendo DS games]] [[Category:PlayStation Portable games]] [[Category:Puzzle video games]] [[Category:Ubisoft games]] [[Category:Video games developed in the United States]] [[Category:Wii games]] [[Category:Sensory Sweep Studios games]] [[Category:Single-player video games]]

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[{"title": "My French Coach \u00b7 My Spanish Coach", "data": {"Developer(s)": "Sensory Sweep Studios", "Publisher(s)": "Ubisoft", "Platform(s)": "Nintendo DS, Wii, PlayStation Portable, iOS", "Release": "Nintendo DS \u00b7 - NA: November 6, 2007 - PAL: November 23, 2007 Wii \u00b7 - PAL: November 30, 2007 PlayStation Portable \u00b7 (My Spanish Coach) \u00b7 - NA: October 7, 2008 - EU: October 2008 iOS \u00b7 June 6, 2009", "Genre(s)": "Educational, puzzle", "Mode(s)": "Single-player"}}]

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# Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne This is a list of results for the 2024 Victorian local elections in the South-Eastern Melbourne region. South-Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of Bayside, Cardinia, Casey, Frankston, Glen Eira, Greater Dandenong, Kingston, Mornington Peninsula and Stonnington. ## Bayside Bayside City Council is composed of seven single-member wards. ### Bayside results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 42,161 | 70.05 | –9.61 | 4 | 3 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 16,975 | 28.20 | +16.97 | 3 | 3 | | | Greens | Greens | 652 | 1.08 | –6.73 | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 402 | 0.67 | +0.67 | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 60,190 | 94.82 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,288 | 5.18 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 63,478 | 100.00 | | 7 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 75,633 | 83.93 | | | | ### Beckett | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Liberal | Debbie Taylor-Haynes | 3,337 | 37.78 | | | | Independent | Chris Sutton | 3,130 | 35.44 | | | | Independent | Garry Hoover | 1,553 | 17.58 | | | | Independent | Jess Clark | 812 | 9.19 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,832 | 97.66 | +0.53 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 212 | 2.34 | –0.53 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,044 | 86.96 | –1.22 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Debbie Taylor-Haynes | 4,797 | 54.31 | | | | Independent | Chris Sutton | 4,035 | 45.69 | | | | Independent Liberal gain from Independent | | | | | ### Bleazby | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Liberal | Robert Irlicht | 2,535 | 27.84 | | | | Independent | Lily Andrews | 1,580 | 17.35 | | | | Independent Liberal | Jenson Galvin | 1,556 | 17.09 | | | | Independent | John Rundell | 1,515 | 16.64 | | | | Independent Liberal | Lyn Maver | 1,189 | 13.06 | | | | Independent | Tony Fischetto | 401 | 4.40 | | | | Independent | Jerry Soldatos | 330 | 3.62 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,106 | 96.23 | +1.41 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 357 | 3.77 | –1.41 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,463 | 82.83 | –2.50 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Robert Irlicht | 5,376 | 59.04 | | | | Independent | Lily Andrews | 3,730 | 40.96 | | | | Independent Liberal gain from Independent | | | | | ### Boyd | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Kylie McIntosh | 1,973 | 21.54 | +10.25 | | | Independent | Jane Ev Proskurnya | 1,900 | 20.74 | | | | Independent | Fiona Stitfold | 1,471 | 16.06 | –0.40 | | | Independent | Christine Barca | 1,155 | 12.61 | | | | Independent | David Williams | 1,034 | 11.29 | | | | Independent | Faiza Nouman | 868 | 9.48 | | | | Independent Liberal | Nicholas Healey | 758 | 8.28 | −10.26 | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,159 | 96.62 | +0.09 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 320 | 3.38 | –0.09 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,479 | 84.75 | –1.00 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Kylie McIntosh | 5,443 | 59.43 | | | | Independent | Jane Ev Proskurnya | 3,716 | 40.57 | | | | Independent gain from Independent | Independent gain from Independent | Swing | | | ### Castlefield | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Liberal | Colleen Harkin | 1,820 | 20.31 | | | | Independent | Elli Murray | 1,282 | 14.30 | | | | Independent | Kevin Howard | 1,235 | 13.78 | +6.18 | | | Independent | Tim Wood | 1,202 | 13.41 | +10.60 | | | Independent | Hamish Hughes | 720 | 8.03 | | | | Independent | Toni Armstrong | 398 | 4.44 | | | | Independent | Karen Clements | 375 | 4.18 | | | | Independent | James D. Catlin | 371 | 4.14 | | | | Independent | Bella Irlicht | 315 | 3.51 | | | | Independent | Anne Elizabeth Fitzgerald | 312 | 3.48 | | | | Independent | Jarrod Kanizay | 241 | 2.69 | | | | Independent | Amanda McSweeney | 202 | 2.25 | | | | Independent | Richard Campbell | 191 | 2.13 | | | | Independent | Robyn Buccheri | 160 | 1.79 | | | | Independent Liberal | Penelope Ann Hansen | 138 | 1.54 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,962 | 92.51 | –3.83 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 726 | 7.49 | +3.83 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,688 | 83.68 | –2.80 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Elli Murray | 4,651 | 51.90 | | | | Independent Liberal | Colleen Harkin | 4,311 | 48.10 | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Dendy | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Hanna El Mouallem | 2,592 | 32.53 | +15.00 | | | Independent Liberal | Michael Heffernan | 1,539 | 19.31 | –5.51 | | | Independent Liberal | Thomas Bartels | 380 | 4.77 | | | | Independent | Joshua Goldstat | 366 | 4.59 | –2.93 | | | Independent | Natalie French | 357 | 4.48 | | | | Independent | Lindsey Joffe | 339 | 4.25 | | | | Independent | Alex Nutman | 320 | 4.02 | | | | Independent | Joanne Bryant | 313 | 3.93 | –10.89 | | | Independent | Terence Scanlon | 280 | 3.51 | | | | Independent | Isabella Do Rozario-Romic | 264 | 3.31 | | | | Independent | Ming Min Xu | 235 | 2.95 | | | | Independent | Hugh McFadden | 172 | 2.16 | | | | Independent | Mark Tseytlin | 169 | 2.12 | | | | Independent | David Lurie | 158 | 1.98 | | | | Independent Liberal | Steve Wolf | 137 | 1.72 | | | | Independent | Mike Rawlinson | 132 | 1.66 | | | | Independent | Greg Smith | 119 | 1.49 | | | | Independent | Paras Georgoulos | 97 | 1.22 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,969 | 92.30 | –4.22 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 665 | 7.70 | +4.22 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,634 | 80.75 | –2.51 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Hanna El Mouallem | 4,926 | 61.81 | +8.59 | | | Independent Liberal | Michael Heffernan | 3,043 | 38.19 | –8.59 | | | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | +8.59 | | ### Ebden | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Liberal | Geoff Leigh | 2,467 | 30.41 | | | | Independent | Laurence Evans | 1,610 | 19.84 | –11.02 | | | Independent Liberal | Calista Clements | 1,119 | 13.79 | | | | Independent | Clifford Maillard | 727 | 8.96 | –2.73 | | | Independent | Matthew Kaplan | 675 | 8.32 | | | | Independent | Janet Abadee | 653 | 8.05 | | | | Independent | Ian Cochrane | 365 | 4.50 | | | | Independent | Timothy David Watts | 263 | 3.24 | | | | Independent | David Perry | 234 | 2.88 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,113 | 95.79 | –1.53 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 357 | 4.21 | +1.53 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,470 | 84.71 | –1.54 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Geoff Leigh | 4,633 | 57.11 | | | | Independent | Laurence Evans | 3,480 | 42.89 | –17.63 | | | Independent Liberal gain from Independent | | | | | ### Ivison | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Andrew Hockley | 3,821 | 47.47 | | | | Independent | James Long | 955 | 11.86 | | | | Independent | Sonia Castelli | 833 | 10.35 | –10.32 | | | Greens | Alysia Regan | 652 | 8.10 | −0.99 | | | Independent | Brandon Hoult | 580 | 7.21 | –2.54 | | | Victorian Socialists | Liam Kruger | 402 | 4.99 | | | | Independent | Anastasia Sagris-Desmond | 337 | 4.19 | | | | Independent | Nicholas Batzialas | 311 | 3.86 | | | | Independent | Lyn Austin | 158 | 1.96 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,049 | 95.48 | –0.64 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 381 | 4.52 | +0.64 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,430 | 81.40 | –1.76 | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent | Andrew Hockley | 4,109 | 51.05 | | | | Independent | James Long | 1,154 | 14.34 | | | | Independent | Sonia Castelli | 1,055 | 13.11 | | | | Greens | Alysia Regan | 1,002 | 12.45 | | | | Independent | Brandon Hoult | 729 | 9.06 | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ## Cardinia Cardinia Shire Council is composed of nine single-member wards. On 16 April 2021, Westernport Ward councillor Ray Brown died after a prolonged illness. A by-election was held in 24 July 2021 and was won by Independent Liberal candidate Kaye Cameron. ### Cardinia results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | ----------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ------ | ------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 39,041 | 67.22 | | 7 | Steady | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 9,318 | 16.04 | | 1 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 4,288 | 7.38 | | 0 | Steady | | | Independent Libertarian | Independent Libertarian | 3,720 | 6.41 | | 1 | 1 | | | Greens | Greens | 875 | 1.51 | | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 834 | 1.44 | | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 58,076 | 95.75 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,575 | 4.25 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 60,651 | 100.00 | | 9 | Steady | | Registered voters | Registered voters | Registered voters | 82,745 | | | | | ### Beacon Hills | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Brett Owen | 6,036 | 76.48 | +10.88 | | | Independent | Kylie Wagstaff | 1,856 | 23.52 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,892 | 95.46 | –2.52 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 375 | 4.54 | +2.52 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,267 | 86.31 | –0.20 | | | Independent hold | | | | | ### Bunyip | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Alanna Pomeroy | 3,929 | 55.67 | | | | Independent | Travis Parker | 3,129 | 44.33 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,058 | 95.51 | –1.79 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 332 | 4.49 | +1.79 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,390 | 83.61 | –0.14 | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Central | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Labor | Collin Ross | 5,519 | 76.61 | +26.31 | | | Independent | Rekha Devdas Naidu | 1,685 | 23.39 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,204 | 94.94 | –2.06 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 384 | 5.06 | +2.06 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,588 | 81.50 | +0.88 | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Henty | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Liz Roberts | 2,550 | 36.51 | | | | Independent Labor | Carol Ryan | 1,735 | 24.84 | +0.52 | | | Independent Liberal | Shoheli Sunjida | 1,083 | 15.51 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Stephanie Grigg | 834 | 11.94 | | | | Independent Labor | Cecilia Rabecca Mphande | 782 | 11.20 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,984 | 96.29 | +0.19 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 269 | 3.71 | –0.19 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,253 | 78.39 | +1.22 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Liz Roberts | 4,247 | 60.81 | | | | Independent Labor | Carol Ryan | 2,737 | 39.19 | –16.16 | | | Independent gain from Independent Labor | | | | | ### Officer | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Samantha-Jane Potter | 4,866 | 67.72 | | | | Independent | Ron Malhotra | 2,319 | 32.28 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,185 | 95.62 | –0.61 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 329 | 4.38 | +0.61 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,514 | 82.74 | +0.74 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Pakenham Hills | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | --------- | - | -- | | | Independent | Jack Kowarzik | unopposed | | | | Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 8,719 | | | | | Independent hold | | | | | ### Ranges | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | --------------------- | ----- | ----- | -- | | | Independent | David Nickell | 2,841 | 37.73 | | | | Independent | Jeff Springfield | 2,732 | 36.29 | | | | Independent | Catherine Oldenburger | 1,956 | 25.98 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,529 | 96.39 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 282 | 3.61 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,811 | 81.85 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | David Nickell | 4,066 | 54.00 | | | | Independent | Jeff Springfield | 3,463 | 46.00 | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Toomuc | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Casey Thomsen | 2,674 | 36.64 | | | | Independent | Stephanie Marie Davies | 2,468 | 33.81 | | | | Independent Labor | Amirthalingam Dhileepan | 1,282 | 17.56 | | | | Greens | Rodrigo Alonso Bardales Salguero | 875 | 11.99 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,299 | 97.19 | +0.24 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 211 | 2.81 | –0.24 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,510 | 80.71 | +1.05 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Casey Thomsen | 3,728 | 51.08 | | | | Independent | Stephanie Marie Davies | 3,571 | 48.92 | –1.58 | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Westernport | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Libertarian | Trudi Paton | 3,720 | 53.72 | +53.72 | | | Independent Liberal | Kaye Cameron | 3,205 | 46.28 | −14.70 | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,925 | 94.63 | +0.22 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 393 | 5.37 | −0.22 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,318 | 82.71 | +4.76 | | | Independent Libertarian gain from Independent Liberal | | | | | ## Casey Casey City Council is composed of twelve single-member wards. The council increased from eleven members to twelve prior to the 2024 election; members were previously elected across six wards (five two-member and one single-member). This is the first election for the City of Casey since 2016, as the council was dismissed and put into administration in February 2020. ### Casey results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 134,110 | 69.62 | 10 | 10 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 31,798 | 16.51 | 1 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 12,082 | 6.27 | 0 | Steady | | | Independent Freedom | Independent Freedom | 4,623 | 2.40 | 0 | Steady | | | Libertarian | Libertarian | 3,109 | 1.61 | 0 | Steady | | | Independent Libertarian | Independent Libertarian | 2,575 | 1.34 | 0 | Steady | | | Greens | Greens | 2,451 | 1.27 | 1 | 1 | | | Independent Family First | Independent Family First | 1,893 | 0.98 | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 192,641 | 95.93 | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 8,169 | 4.07 | | | | Total | Total | Total | 200,810 | 100.00 | 12 | 1 | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 246,948 | 81.32 | | | ### Akoonah | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Liberal | Samuel Dennison | 4,235 | 25.94 | | | | Independent | Scott William Dowling | 3,603 | 22.07 | | | | Independent | Dianne Pagliuca | 2,774 | 16.99 | | | | Independent | Mush Rahaman | 2,567 | 15.72 | | | | Independent | Kushal Shah | 1,949 | 11.94 | | | | Independent | Patrick R. Ferdinands | 1,201 | 7.36 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,329 | 97.12 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 485 | 2.88 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,814 | 81.43 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Scott William Dowling | 8,489 | 51.99 | | | | Independent Liberal | Samuel Dennison | 7,840 | 48.01 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Casuarina | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kim Ross | 3,494 | 20.75 | | | | Independent | Rex Flannery | 2,011 | 11.94 | | | | Independent Liberal | Lyndon Samuel | 1,927 | 11.44 | | | | Independent Family First | Jane Foreman | 1,893 | 11.24 | | | | Independent | Morteza Ali | 1,844 | 10.95 | | | | Independent | Bassir Qaridi | 1,356 | 8.05 | | | | Independent Labor | Suzanne Carmody | 1,311 | 7.78 | | | | Independent | Rex Lazaros | 1,286 | 7.64 | | | | Independent | Mariam Khaliqy | 1,078 | 6.40 | | | | Independent | Michael Kelaart | 642 | 3.81 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,842 | 94.43 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 993 | 5.57 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 17,835 | 80.81 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Kim Ross | 10,156 | 60.30 | | | | Independent Family First | Jane Foreman | 6,686 | 39.70 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Correa | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Gary Rowe | 4,961 | 29.50 | | | | Independent Labor | Kanu Aggarwal | 4,193 | 24.93 | | | | Independent | Tracey Ryan | 3,555 | 21.14 | | | | Independent Labor | Abdullah Neshat | 2,148 | 12.77 | | | | Independent | Shegofa Naseri | 1,226 | 7.29 | | | | Independent | Onkar Singh Sandhawalia | 736 | 4.38 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,819 | 96.20 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 664 | 3.80 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 17,483 | 79.23 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Gary Rowe | 9,605 | 57.11 | | | | Independent Labor | Kanu Aggarwal | 7,214 | 42.89 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Cranbourne Gardens | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Michelle Crowther | 5,279 | 32.32 | | | | Independent | Anthony Lake | 3,888 | 23.80 | | | | Independent | Tamas Kapitany | 3,013 | 18.45 | | | | Independent | Jo Muir | 1,627 | 9.96 | | | | Independent | Blessing Nhliziyo | 1,315 | 8.05 | | | | Independent | Mary Beth Melton | 1,213 | 7.43 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,335 | 96.35 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 619 | 3.65 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,954 | 81.84 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Michelle Crowther | 9,469 | 57.97 | | | | Independent | Anthony Lake | 6,866 | 42.03 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Dillwynia | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | -------------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Anthony Walter | 3,233 | 21.69 | | | | Independent | Joe Pang | 2,519 | 16.90 | | | | Independent | David Bissell | 1,974 | 13.24 | | | | Independent | Gurpreet Gill | 1,836 | 12.32 | | | | Independent | Baljinder Dhaliwal | 1,535 | 10.30 | | | | Independent Liberal | Jaz Masuta Kamaljeet Singh | 1,445 | 9.69 | | | | Independent | Anthony Dissanayake | 1,376 | 9.23 | | | | Independent | Champika Hewa Maddumage | 990 | 6.64 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 14,908 | 95.85 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 645 | 4.15 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 15,553 | 82.28 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Anthony Walter | 8,246 | 55.33 | | | | Independent | Joe Pang | 6,659 | 44.67 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Grevillea | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Carmen Powell | 3,074 | 17.83 | | | | Independent Liberal | John Ternel | 2,809 | 16.29 | | | | Independent Libertarian | Stephen Matulec | 2,575 | 14.93 | | | | Greens | Dave Perry | 2,451 | 14.21 | | | | Independent | Bernie Postma | 2,145 | 12.44 | | | | Independent Labor | David Parr | 1,685 | 9.77 | | | | Independent | Stephen Capon | 1,307 | 7.58 | | | | Independent | Haroon Sayed | 620 | 3.60 | | | | Independent | Sinfree Chirunga | 578 | 3.35 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 17,244 | 95.55 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 804 | 4.45 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 18,048 | 83.95 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Greens | Dave Perry | 8,758 | 50.79 | | | | Independent | Carmen Powell | 8,486 | 49.21 | | | | Greens win | Greens win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Kalora | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Melinda Ambros | 3,933 | 23.56 | | | | Independent | Brian Herbert Oates | 2,652 | 15.89 | | | | Independent | Damien Sawyer | 2,326 | 13.93 | | | | Independent | Zabi Mazoori | 2,259 | 13.53 | | | | Independent Liberal | Jafri Katagara Luwanga | 1,666 | 9.98 | | | | Independent | Duc Nguyen | 1,196 | 7.16 | | | | Independent | Peterine Smulders | 1,108 | 6.64 | | | | Independent | Fred Jover | 817 | 4.89 | | | | Independent | Afroz Ahmed | 736 | 4.41 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,693 | 95.20 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 842 | 4.80 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 17,535 | 83.17 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Melinda Ambros | 9,444 | 56.57 | | | | Independent | Damien Sawyer | 7,249 | 43.43 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Kowan | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Kasuni Mendis | 3,490 | 21.53 | | | | Independent | Bernard Brian Carr | 3,139 | 19.37 | | | | Libertarian | Christine Skrobo | 3,109 | 19.18 | | | | Independent | Shane Taylor | 3,061 | 18.89 | | | | Independent | Jawad Erfani | 1,358 | 8.38 | | | | Independent | Joby George | 921 | 5.68 | | | | Independent | Gagan Bumrah | 622 | 3.84 | | | | Independent Labor | Raj Nayak | 508 | 3.13 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 16,208 | 96.45 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 597 | 3.55 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,805 | 84.12 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Shane Taylor | 8,470 | 52.26 | | | | Independent Labor | Kasuni Mendis | 7,738 | 47.74 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Quarters | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Carolyn Eaves | 3,092 | 20.05 | | | | Independent | Ian Wood | 2,799 | 18.15 | | | | Independent Freedom | Craig Baird | 2,343 | 15.19 | | | | Independent | Kuljeet Kaur Robinson | 2,046 | 13.27 | | | | Independent Labor | Aftab Hussain | 2,043 | 13.25 | | | | Independent | Jagdeep Singh Sukhija | 1,730 | 11.22 | | | | Independent | David Rolfe | 1,037 | 6.72 | | | | Independent | Ridvan Rasimi | 334 | 2.17 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 15,424 | 96.16 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 616 | 3.84 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,040 | 79.63 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Carolyn Eaves | 8,517 | 55.22 | | | | Independent | Ian Wood | 6,907 | 44.78 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### River Gum | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Lynette Pereira | 3,691 | 24.41 | | | | Independent Labor | Wayne Smith | 2,535 | 16.77 | | | | Independent | Nazir Yousafi | 2,351 | 15.55 | | | | Independent Freedom | Geoff Hansen | 2,280 | 15.08 | | | | Independent | Asher Coleman | 2,111 | 13.96 | | | | Independent | Damien Rosario | 1,117 | 7.39 | | | | Independent Labor | Garry Page | 1,033 | 6.83 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 15,118 | 96.10 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 614 | 3.90 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 15,732 | 80.27 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Lynette Pereira | 8,551 | 56.56 | | | | Independent Freedom | Geoff Hansen | 6,567 | 43.44 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Tooradin | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Jennifer Dizon | 4,164 | 26.45 | | | | Independent | Anthony Tassone | 4,123 | 26.19 | | | | Independent | Kuldeep Kaur | 1,995 | 12.67 | | | | Independent Labor | Andrew Gai | 1,952 | 12.40 | | | | Independent Labor | Yaghobi Ali | 1,474 | 9.36 | | | | Independent | Brenton Kelly | 1,407 | 8.94 | | | | Independent Labor | Ravneet Singh | 626 | 3.98 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 15,741 | 96.49 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 573 | 3.51 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,314 | 81.06 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Jennifer Dizon | 8,597 | 54.62 | | | | Independent | Anthony Tassone | 7,144 | 45.38 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Waratah | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Stefan Koomen | 6,481 | 43.26 | | | | Independent | Jamel Kaur Singh | 3,245 | 21.66 | | | | Independent | Nasser Yawari | 2,352 | 15.70 | | | | Independent Labor | Ezatullah Alam | 1,959 | 13.08 | | | | Independent | Burak Dilbaz | 943 | 6.30 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 14,980 | 95.43 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 717 | 4.57 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 15,697 | 78.19 | | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Stefan Koomen | 7,660 | 51.13 | | | | Independent | Jamel Kaur Singh | 3,961 | 26.44 | | | | Independent | Nasser Yawari | 3,359 | 22.42 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ## Frankston Frankston City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Frankston results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 52,315 | 66.88 | | 5 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 15,299 | 19.56 | | 2 | Steady | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 3,972 | 5.08 | | 1 | Steady | | | Greens | Greens | 2,140 | 2.74 | | 1 | 1 | | | Ind. Sustainable Australia | Ind. Sustainable Australia | 2,013 | 2.57 | | 0 | Steady | | | Independent Libertarian | Independent Libertarian | 1,724 | 2.20 | | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 749 | 0.96 | | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 78,212 | 96.88 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,522 | 3.12 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 80,734 | 100.00 | | 9 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 101,147 | 79.82 | | | | ### Ballam | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kris Bolam | 3,852 | 43.09 | | | | Independent | Adam Marshal | 1,846 | 20.65 | | | | Independent | Steven Hughes | 1,624 | 18.17 | | | | Independent | Cristy Solis | 1,618 | 18.10 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,940 | 97.11 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 266 | 2.89 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,206 | 77.12 | | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent | Kris Bolam | 4,778 | 53.45 | | | | Independent | Adam Marshal | 2,182 | 24.41 | | | | Independent | Steven Hughes | 1,980 | 22.15 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Centenary Park | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Liberal | Michael O'Reilly | 4,313 | 47.96 | | | | Independent | Maureen Rodgers | 2,254 | 25.07 | | | | Independent Liberal | Shane Osborne | 1,676 | 18.64 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Andrew Cheeseman | 749 | 8.33 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,992 | 96.97 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 281 | 3.03 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,273 | 82.89 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Michael O'Reilly | 5,478 | 60.92 | | | | Independent | Maureen Rodgers | 3,514 | 39.08 | | | | Independent Liberal win | Independent Liberal win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Derinya | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Brad Hill | 2,417 | 26.62 | | | | Independent | Liam Hughes | 1,889 | 20.81 | | | | Independent | Hans Vanderstadt | 1,706 | 18.79 | | | | Independent | Cassandra Grace | 1,285 | 14.15 | | | | Independent | Ashleigh Hoult | 1,236 | 13.61 | | | | Independent | Iva Babic | 546 | 6.01 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,079 | 96.74 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 306 | 3.26 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,385 | 82.62 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Brad Hill | 5,201 | 57.29 | | | | Independent | Liam Hughes | 3,878 | 42.71 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Elisabeth Murdoch | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | -------------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Cherie Wanat | 3,951 | 40.92 | | | | Independent | Stephen McDonald | 2,423 | 25.10 | | | | Independent Libertarian | Chrysten Abraham | 1,724 | 17.86 | | | | Independent | Suzette Tayler | 1,202 | 12.45 | | | | Independent Labor | Henryk Kay | 355 | 3.68 | | | | Independent | Renee Jackson (ineligible) | N/A | N/A | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,655 | 96.63 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 337 | 3.37 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,992 | 84.53 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Cherie Wanat | 6,007 | 62.22 | | | | Independent | Stephen McDonald | 3,648 | 37.78 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Kananook | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Greens | Emily Green | 2,140 | 27.43 | | | | Independent | Glenn Aitken | 1,999 | 25.62 | | | | Independent | Lisa Stark | 1,602 | 20.53 | | | | Independent | Nathan Pither | 1,358 | 17.41 | | | | Independent | Trent Stagg | 703 | 9.01 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,802 | 97.14 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 230 | 2.86 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,032 | 75.60 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Greens | Emily Green | 4,192 | 53.73 | | | | Independent | Glenn Aitken | 3,610 | 46.27 | | | | Greens win | Greens win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Lyrebird | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Liberal | Steffie Conroy | 3,385 | 38.93 | | | | Independent | Sam Keats | 2,907 | 33.43 | | | | Independent Liberal | Nathan Havis | 2,403 | 27.64 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,695 | 96.57 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 309 | 3.43 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,004 | 79.51 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Steffie Conroy | 4,537 | 52.18 | | | | Independent | Sam Keats | 4,158 | 47.82 | | | | Independent Liberal win | Independent Liberal win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Pines | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Sue Baker | 2,708 | 36.39 | | | | Independent Liberal | Justin Turner | 2,288 | 30.75 | | | | Independent | Bernadette Graus | 1,245 | 16.73 | | | | Independent Labor | Quinney Brownfield-Hanna | 1,200 | 16.13 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,441 | 96.64 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 259 | 3.36 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,700 | 73.88 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Sue Baker | 4,266 | 57.33 | | | | Independent Liberal | Justin Turner | 3,175 | 42.67 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Wilton | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | David Asker | 3,976 | 42.93 | | | | Independent | Annaliese Collison | 3,127 | 33.77 | | | | Independent Liberal | Prasad Philip | 1,234 | 13.32 | | | | Independent | Richard Rendell | 924 | 9.98 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,261 | 97.29 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 258 | 2.71 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,519 | 82.31 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | David Asker | 5,004 | 54.03 | | | | Independent | Annaliese Collison | 4257 | 45.97 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Yamala | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Nathan Butler | 2,986 | 35.77 | | | | Ind. Sustainable Australia | Sheila Newman | 2,013 | 24.12 | | | | Independent | Alistair Wardle | 1,526 | 18.28 | | | | Independent | Garry Ebbott | 1,040 | 12.46 | | | | Independent | Steve Toms | 782 | 9.37 | | | | Independent | Ben Frawley (ineligible) | N/A | N/A | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,347 | 96.80 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 276 | 3.20 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,623 | 79.07 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Nathan Butler | 5,161 | 61.83 | | | | Ind. Sustainable Australia | Sheila Newman | 3,186 | 38.17 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ## Glen Eira Glen Eira City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Glen Eira results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 57,980 | 68.75 | +15.39 | 6 | 1 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 16,205 | 19.78 | +0.97 | 3 | Steady | | | Greens | Greens | 4,253 | 5.19 | –3.77 | 0 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 1,647 | 2.01 | –11.56 | 0 | Steady | | | Libertarian | Libertarian | 1,060 | 1.29 | +0.67 | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 785 | 0.96 | +0.96 | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 81,930 | 97.15 | +2.31 | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,407 | 2.85 | –2.31 | | | | Total | Total | Total | 84,337 | 100.00 | | 9 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 102,201 | 82.52 | –0.66 | | | ### Bambra | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Margaret Esakoff | 3,542 | 38.25 | | | | Independent | Catherine McNaughton | 1,621 | 17.51 | | | | Independent | Shane Shmuel | 1,418 | 15.31 | | | | Independent Labor | Max Gross | 1,137 | 12.28 | | | | Independent | Anouchkar Caderamanpulle | 721 | 7.79 | | | | Independent Liberal | Richard Codron | 456 | 4.92 | | | | Independent | Elen David | 364 | 3.93 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,259 | 96.95 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 291 | 3.05 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,550 | 82.78 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Margaret Esakoff | 5,715 | 61.72 | | | | Independent | Shane Shmuel | 3,544 | 38.28 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Booran | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Jane Karslake | 3,056 | 34.11 | | | | Independent | Anne-Marie Cade | 2,992 | 33.40 | | | | Independent | Cliff Carp | 1,174 | 13.10 | | | | Independent Labor | Meg Lyell | 914 | 10.20 | | | | Independent | Jeremy Koadlow | 823 | 9.19 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,959 | 97.19 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 259 | 2.81 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,218 | 82.45 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Jane Karslake | 4,591 | 51.24 | | | | Independent | Anne-Marie Cade | 4,368 | 48.76 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Caulfield Park | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | -------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Sam Parasol | 5,154 | 56.66 | | | | Independent | Victor Deng | 1,658 | 18.23 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Jaynaya Travis | 785 | 8.63 | | | | Independent | Tammy Graeve | 759 | 8.34 | | | | Independent Labor | James Steedman | 740 | 8.14 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,096 | 97.95 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 190 | 2.05 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,286 | 79.55 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Jasper | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Arabella Daniel | 4,582 | 48.95 | | | | Independent | Josh Lobo | 3,600 | 38.46 | | | | Independent | J. Han | 1,178 | 12.59 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,360 | 97.42 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 248 | 2.58 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,608 | 84.18 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Arabella Daniel | 5,168 | 55.21 | | | | Independent | Josh Lobo | 4,192 | 44.79 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Mallanbool | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kimberley Young | 4,037 | 43.31 | | | | Independent Labor | Jim Magee | 3,230 | 34.65 | | | | Independent | Nick Palamaras | 1,391 | 14.92 | | | | Independent | Robert Breda | 663 | 7.11 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,321 | 97.49 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 240 | 2.51 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,561 | 84.98 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Kimberley Young | 5,306 | 56.93 | | | | Independent Labor | Jim Magee | 4,015 | 43.07 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Moorleigh | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kay Rimbaldo | 6,554 | 71.50 | | | | Independent | Karen Nisbet | 2,612 | 28.50 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,166 | 95.44 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 438 | 4.56 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,604 | 84.06 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Murrumbeena | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Luca Ragni | 2,828 | 31.00 | | | | Independent | Neil Pilling | 2,704 | 29.64 | | | | Greens | Callum Bugbird | 1,830 | 20.06 | | | | Libertarian | Matthew Aitken | 1,060 | 11.62 | | | | Independent | Edward Kreymer | 702 | 7.69 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,124 | 97.42 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 242 | 2.58 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,366 | 82.49 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Luca Ragni | 4,880 | 53.49 | | | | Independent | Neil Pilling | 4,244 | 46.51 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Orrong | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Greens | Sue Pennicuik | 2,423 | 28.29 | | | | Independent | Simone Zmood | 2,236 | 26.11 | | | | Independent | Yossi Salamon | 1,991 | 23.25 | | | | Independent Labor | Mike Craig | 1,281 | 14.96 | | | | Independent | Lily Steiner | 634 | 7.40 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,565 | 97.56 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 214 | 2.44 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,779 | 78.14 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Simone Zmood | 4,670 | 54.52 | | | | Greens | Sue Pennicuik | 3,895 | 45.48 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Wattle Grove | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Li Zhang | 3,019 | 33.25 | | | | Independent | Angus Morrison | 1,442 | 15.88 | | | | Independent | Eric Stone | 1,390 | 15.31 | | | | Independent Liberal | Mish-elle Korn | 1,191 | 13.12 | | | | Independent | Angie Glance | 1,054 | 11.61 | | | | Independent | Emiko Hunt | 504 | 5.55 | | | | Independent | Kenneth Law | 480 | 5.29 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,080 | 96.96 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 285 | 3.04 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,365 | 84.11 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Li Zhang | 5,290 | 58.26 | | | | Independent | Angus Morrison | 3,790 | 41.74 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ## Greater Dandenong Greater Dandenong City Council is composed of 11 single-member wards. Greater Dandenong's ward structure was changed prior to the 2020 election, making this the second election with single-member wards. Keysborough South Ward councillor Rhonda Garad successfully contested Cleeland Ward. Independent Liberal councillor Tim Dark did not seek re-election in Keysborough Ward. ### Greater Dandenong results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | ----------------- | -------------------- | -------------------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- | ------ | | | Independents | Independents | 31,088 | 46.04 | +10.12 | 2 | 1 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 29,937 | 44.34 | −13.32 | 7 | 1 | | | Greens | Greens | 5,728 | 8.48 | +5.66 | 2 | 1 | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 766 | 1.13 | +1.13 | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 67,519 | 96.56 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,405 | 3.44 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 69,924 | 100.00 | | 11 | Steady | | Registered voters | Registered voters | Registered voters | 93,869 | | | | | ### Cleeland | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------- | --------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Greens | Rhonda Garad | 2,025 | 34.64 | | | | Independent Labor | Angela Long | 1,804 | 30.86 | +4.25 | | | Independent Labor | Zahra Haydar Big | 1,355 | 23.18 | | | | Independent Labor | Pradeep Hewavitharana | 662 | 11.32 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,846 | 95.74 | +0.29 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 260 | 4.26 | –0.29 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,106 | 75.36 | +0.58 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Greens | Rhonda Garad | 3,135 | 53.63 | | | | Independent Labor | Angela Long | 2,711 | 46.37 | –10.32 | | | Greens gain from Independent Labor | | | | | ### Dandenong | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Labor | Jim Memeti | 3,466 | 62.78 | +1.62 | | | Independent | Rahima Rizai | 2,055 | 37.22 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,521 | 92.36 | –3.57 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 457 | 7.64 | +3.57 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,978 | 75.05 | +2.48 | | | Independent Labor hold | Independent Labor hold | Swing | +1.62 | | ### Dandenong North | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Bob Milkovic | 3,828 | 52.03 | +11.10 | | | Independent | Rhonda Tannous | 1,924 | 26.15 | | | | Independent Labor | Daniel Formoso | 985 | 13.39 | | | | Independent | Rosana Ierone | 325 | 4.42 | | | | Independent Labor | Branka Tomic | 296 | 4.02 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,358 | 97.38 | –0.16 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 198 | 2.62 | +0.16 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,556 | 83.78 | –1.29 | | | Independent hold | | | | | ### Keysborough | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Melinda Yim | 3,058 | 42.07 | | | | Independent | Peter Brown | 2,104 | 28.94 | | | | Independent | Daniel Dang | 793 | 10.91 | | | | Independent | Sinan Akkurt | 593 | 8.16 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Tevyn Gov | 328 | 4.51 | | | | Independent Labor | Hemara In | 215 | 2.96 | | | | Independent Labor | Reinaldo Ivan Pincheira | 178 | 2.45 | –0.36 | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,269 | 97.00 | +0.40 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 225 | 3.00 | –0.40 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,494 | 84.54 | –2.06 | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent | Melinda Yim | 3,734 | 51.37 | | | | Independent | Peter Brown | 2,404 | 33.07 | | | | Independent | Daniel Dang | 1,131 | 15.56 | | | | Independent gain from Independent Liberal | | | | | ### Keysborough South | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Greens | Isabella Do | 3,703 | 47.52 | +19.25 | | | Independent Labor | Alexandra Bryant | 1,340 | 17.19 | | | | Independent Labor | Ajdin Muzur | 1,274 | 16.35 | | | | Independent Labor | Sasha Jankovic | 797 | 10.23 | | | | Independent | Geraldine Gonsalvez | 679 | 8.71 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,793 | 97.73 | +0.96 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 181 | 2.27 | –0.96 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,974 | 86.82 | –0.50 | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Greens | Isabella Do | 4,027 | 51.67 | | | | Independent Labor | Alexandra Bryant | 1,498 | 19.22 | | | | Independent Labor | Ajdin Muzur | 1,355 | 17.39 | | | | Independent Labor | Sasha Jankovic | 913 | 11.72 | | | | Greens hold | | | | | ### Noble Park | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------- | --------- | - | -- | | | Independent Labor | Sophie Tan | unopposed | | | | Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,066 | | | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Noble Park North | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Labor | Lana Formoso | 3,873 | 55.45 | +14.51 | | | Independent | Will Billings | 2,082 | 29.81 | | | | Independent | Love Agravante | 548 | 7.85 | | | | Independent | Karl Rathnayake | 482 | 6.90 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,985 | 97.42 | +0.70 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 185 | 2.58 | –0.70 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,170 | 82.79 | –0.47 | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Springvale Central | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Labor | Alice Phuong Le | 1,669 | 23.96 | | | | Independent Labor | Meng Bunlay | 1,635 | 23.47 | | | | Independent | Minh Le | 1,628 | 23.37 | | | | Independent | Brian Dalton | 985 | 14.14 | | | | Independent | Hor Truong | 612 | 8.78 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Sean Stebbings | 438 | 6.29 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,967 | 97.58 | +0.13 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 173 | 2.42 | –0.13 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,140 | 85.35 | +2.00 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Alice Phuong Le | 4,022 | 57.73 | | | | Independent | Minh Le | 2,945 | 42.27 | | | | Independent Labor gain from Independent Labor | | | | | ### Springvale North | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Labor | Sean O'Reilly | 2,905 | 45.39 | –6.16 | | | Independent | Angela Holl | 2,262 | 35.34 | –7.29 | | | Independent | Huong Dinh | 1,233 | 19.27 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,400 | 97.71 | +0.43 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 150 | 2.29 | –0.43 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,550 | 83.64 | +2.85 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Sean O'Reilly | 3,300 | 51.56 | | | | Independent | Angela Holl | 3,100 | 48.44 | | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Springvale South | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Labor | Loi Truong | 2,429 | 34.26 | +1.44 | | | Independent Labor | Thayhorn Yim | 1,364 | 19.24 | +7.10 | | | Independent | Andy Tran | 1,206 | 17.01 | | | | Independent | Yen Thai | 740 | 10.44 | | | | Independent | Maleb Hem | 712 | 10.04 | | | | Independent | Lin Sok | 639 | 9.01 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,090 | 96.44 | –1.34 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 262 | 3.56 | +1.34 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,352 | 86.37 | +0.98 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Loi Truong | 4,098 | 57.80 | +7.24 | | | Independent Labor | Thayhorn Yim | 2,992 | 42.20 | | | | Independent Labor hold | Independent Labor hold | Swing | +7.24 | | ### Yarraman | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Labor | Phillip Danh | 3,690 | 58.66 | +35.80 | | | Independent | Ian Cook | 2,600 | 41.34 | +41.34 | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,290 | 95.25 | +1.87 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 314 | 4.75 | –1.87 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,604 | 79.57 | +12.44 | | | Independent Labor hold | Independent Labor hold | Swing | +7.63 | | ## Kingston Kingston City Council is composed of 11 single-member wards. Kingston's ward structure was changed prior to the 2020 election, making this the second election with single-member wards. ### Kingston results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independents | Independents | 67,025 | 72.31 | | 8 | 3 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 18,837 | 20.32 | | 3 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 2,845 | 3.07 | | 0 | 2 | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 2,714 | 2.93 | | 0 | Steady | | | Greens | Greens | 1,267 | 1.37 | | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 92,688 | 96.74 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,126 | 3.26 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 95,814 | 100.00 | | 11 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 114,049 | 84.01 | | | | ### Banksia | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Chris Howe | 5,079 | 61.38 | | | | Independent | Kalina Murday | 1,796 | 21.70 | | | | Independent | Rosemary Parrant | 771 | 9.32 | | | | Independent | Heather Smith | 629 | 7.60 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,275 | 97.06 | +0.13 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 251 | 2.94 | –0.13 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,526 | 80.35 | –1.92 | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Bunjil | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent Labor | Tony Athanasopoulos | 4,791 | 56.96 | | | | Independent | Nikki Kaur | 3,620 | 43.04 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,411 | 95.34 | –2.56 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 411 | 4.66 | +2.56 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,822 | 83.42 | +0.56 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor gain from Independent Labor | | | | | ### Caruana | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Caroline White | 2,713 | 30.84 | | | | Independent Labor | Eric Lee | 1,878 | 21.35 | | | | Independent Labor | Natan Raykhtin-Breitenfeld | 1,040 | 11.82 | | | | Independent | Shannon Hughes | 1,022 | 11.62 | | | | Independent Liberal | Sav Peulich | 822 | 9.34 | –5.35 | | | Independent | Michael Carty | 435 | 4.94 | –1.80 | | | Independent | Riz Sheikh Nasir | 412 | 4.68 | | | | Independent | Joe Crupi | 275 | 3.13 | | | | Independent Liberal | Gandhi Bevinakoppa | 201 | 2.28 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,798 | 96.31 | –1.07 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 337 | 3.69 | +1.07 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,135 | 88.38 | +0.26 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Caroline White | 5,369 | 61.03 | | | | Independent Labor | Eric Lee | 3,429 | 38.97 | | | | Independent gain from Independent Liberal | | | | | ### Chicquita | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Jane Agirtan | 1,937 | 23.06 | | | | Independent | Tracey Davies | 1,620 | 19.29 | –12.86 | | | Independent | Wandzia French | 966 | 11.50 | | | | Independent | Ian Baldock | 812 | 9.67 | +3.26 | | | Independent | Rosemary West | 758 | 9.02 | –18.08 | | | Victorian Socialists | Jayden McKay | 591 | 7.04 | | | | Independent Labor | Lachlan McDonald | 568 | 6.76 | | | | Independent | Emma Doble | 533 | 6.35 | | | | Independent | Anna Ricciuti | 411 | 4.89 | | | | Independent | Lina Pistone | 204 | 2.43 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,400 | 95.21 | –1.90 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 423 | 4.79 | +1.90 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,823 | 85.45 | –0.65 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Jane Agirtan | 4,438 | 52.83 | | | | Independent | Tracey Davies | 3,962 | 47.17 | –11.24 | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Como | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Chris Hill | 2,933 | 34.07 | +3.89 | | | Independent | Victoria Oxley | 1,903 | 22.10 | | | | Independent | Brendan Lenarcic | 1,758 | 20.42 | | | | Independent | David Beckett | 1,357 | 15.76 | | | | Independent | Ya Ge Xu | 658 | 7.64 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,609 | 97.70 | –0.32 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 203 | 2.30 | +0.32 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,812 | 82.09 | –2.15 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Chris Hill | 4,582 | 53.22 | –3.62 | | | Independent | Victoria Oxley | 4,027 | 46.78 | | | | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | –3.62 | | ### Karkarook | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Labor | Hadi Saab | 3,744 | 45.04 | +24.55 | | | Independent | Jono Ling | 1,940 | 23.34 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Lauren Stevenson | 1,611 | 19.38 | | | | Independent | Shiva Ambadgatti | 1,018 | 12.25 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,313 | 96.82 | +1.79 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 273 | 3.18 | –1.79 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,586 | 83.59 | +0.45 | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Hadi Saab | 4,180 | 50.28 | | | | Independent | Jono Ling | 2,400 | 28.87 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Lauren Stevenson | 1,733 | 20.85 | | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Longbeach | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent Labor | Georgina Oxley | 3,020 | 37.94 | –7.87 | | | Independent | Rohan Parrant | 1,996 | 25.08 | | | | Independent | Bronwyn Currie | 1,413 | 17.75 | +10.95 | | | Independent | Luke Gilling | 622 | 7.81 | | | | Independent | David Walker | 539 | 6.77 | +1.30 | | | Independent | Samara Dixon | 370 | 4.65 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,960 | 96.54 | –0.35 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 285 | 3.46 | +0.35 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,245 | 83.32 | –0.34 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Georgina Oxley | 4,448 | 55.88 | | | | Independent | Rohan Parrant | 3,512 | 44.12 | | | | Independent Labor hold | | | | | ### Melaleuca | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Tess Law | 2,687 | 29.90 | | | | Independent Liberal | Louise Black | 1,822 | 20.27 | | | | Independent | Declan Dubout | 1,747 | 19.44 | | | | Independent | Gavin Nolan | 1,405 | 15.63 | | | | Greens | Alex Breskin | 691 | 7.69 | | | | Independent | Jack Cassidy | 636 | 7.08 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,988 | 97.50 | –0.39 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 230 | 2.50 | +0.39 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,218 | 83.31 | –1.60 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Tess Law | 5,103 | 56.78 | | | | Independent Liberal | Louise Black | 3,885 | 43.22 | | | | Independent gain from Independent | | | | | ### Sandpiper | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Kirralee Ashworth-Collett | 3,584 | 42.26 | | | | Independent | Graham Fountain | 2,286 | 26.96 | +5.33 | | | Independent Labor | Kealey Nutt | 1,962 | 23.14 | | | | Independent | Abraham Jesus Garcia | 648 | 7.64 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,480 | 97.92 | +0.50 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 180 | 2.08 | –0.50 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,660 | 85.13 | –0.76 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Kirralee Ashworth-Collett | 5,367 | 63.29 | | | | Independent | Graham Fountain | 3,113 | 36.71 | –9.75 | | | Independent gain from Independent Labor | | | | | ### Wattle | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Jenna Davey-Burns | 2,253 | 28.80 | –0.97 | | | Independent Freedom | Georgia Erevnidis | 1,878 | 24.00 | | | | Independent | Geoff Woods | 1,582 | 20.22 | | | | Independent | Aldo Comazzetto | 738 | 9.43 | | | | Independent | Trent Pirihi | 549 | 7.02 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Amiriya Dorian | 512 | 6.54 | | | | Independent | Nadica Visic | 312 | 3.99 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,824 | 96.90 | –0.56 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 250 | 3.10 | +0.56 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,074 | 81.99 | –1.57 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Freedom | Georgia Erevnidis | 4,312 | 55.11 | +55.11 | | | Independent | Jenna Davey-Burns | 3,512 | 44.89 | –12.49 | | | Independent Freedom gain from Independent | | | | | ### Yammerbrook | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----- | ----- | ----- | | | Independent | Sarah O'Donnell | 2,690 | 31.17 | | | | Independent | Greg McMahon | 2,173 | 25.18 | | | | Independent Labor | David Eden | 1,834 | 21.25 | | | | Greens | Susanna Moore | 576 | 6.67 | | | | Independent | Tony Firman | 451 | 5.23 | | | | Independent | Mark Tarulli | 423 | 4.90 | | | | Independent | Daniel Loza | 273 | 3.16 | | | | Independent | Mellissa Glanville | 210 | 2.43 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 8,630 | 96.82 | –0.88 | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 283 | 3.18 | +0.88 | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,913 | 87.29 | –0.18 | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Sarah O'Donnell | 5,136 | 59.51 | | | | Independent | Greg McMahon | 3,494 | 40.49 | | | | Independent gain from Independent Liberal | | | | | ## Mornington Peninsula Mornington Peninsula Shire Council is composed of eleven single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of six wards (three single-member wards, one two-member ward and two three-member wards), but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Mornington Peninsula results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 90,460 | 82.86 | | 10 | 1 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 10,013 | 9.17 | | 1 | 1 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 5,864 | 5.37 | | 0 | Steady | | | Greens | Greens | 2,026 | 1.86 | | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 811 | 0.74 | | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 109,174 | 97.01 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,360 | 2.99 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 112,534 | 100.00 | | 11 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 134,819 | 83.47 | | | | ### Beek Beek | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kate Roper | 6,367 | 66.74 | | | | Independent | Lavinia Jenkin | 3,173 | 33.26 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,540 | 94.36 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 570 | 5.64 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,110 | 85.56 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Benbenjie | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Max Patton | 4,593 | 48.53 | | | | Independent Liberal | Peter Clarke | 4,113 | 43.45 | | | | Independent | Dinka Jakovac | 759 | 8.02 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,465 | 97.70 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 223 | 2.30 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,688 | 85.18 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Max Patton | 5,097 | 53.85 | | | | Independent Liberal | Peter Clarke | 4,368 | 46.15 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Briars | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Anthony Marsh | 7,717 | 70.43 | | | | Independent | Despi O'Connor | 3,240 | 29.57 | | | | Independent | Bill Daish (ineligible) | N/A | N/A | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 10,957 | 98.43 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 175 | 1.57 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 11,132 | 85.97 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Brokil | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Patrick Binyon | 5,117 | 50.93 | | | | Independent | Elizabeth Woolcock | 3,580 | 35.63 | | | | Independent | Marie Murray | 1,351 | 13.45 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 10,048 | 97.53 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 254 | 2.47 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,302 | 82.85 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Coolart | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | David Gill | 4,715 | 45.07 | | | | Independent | Neil Biggins | 3,395 | 32.45 | | | | Independent | Dennice Allen-Breeschoten | 2,351 | 22.47 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 10,461 | 97.97 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 217 | 2.03 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,678 | 83.64 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | David Gill | 5,474 | 52.33 | | | | Independent | Neil Biggins | 4,987 | 47.67 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Kackeraboite | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Liberal | Stephen Batty | 5,900 | 60.77 | | | | Independent Labor | Daniel McCaffrey | 3,808 | 39.23 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,708 | 95.42 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 466 | 4.58 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,174 | 85.83 | | | | Independent Liberal win | Independent Liberal win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Moorooduc | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Bruce Ranken | 5,241 | 56.15 | | | | Independent | Kathryn Smith | 4,093 | 43.85 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,334 | 95.64 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 426 | 4.36 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,760 | 83.98 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Nepean | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Susan Bissinger | 2,279 | 21.79 | | | | Independent | Andrea Allen | 2,252 | 21.53 | | | | Independent | Eddie Matt | 2,103 | 20.11 | | | | Independent | Josie Jones | 1,568 | 14.99 | | | | Independent | Suzanne Jones | 1,509 | 14.43 | | | | Independent | Krysten Le Marshall | 457 | 4.37 | | | | Independent | Monique Toms | 290 | 2.77 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 10,458 | 97.48 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 270 | 2.52 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,728 | 82.68 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Andrea Allen | 5,396 | 51.60 | | | | Independent | Eddie Matt | 5,062 | 48.40 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Tanti | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | --------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Paul Pingiaro | 4,827 | 49.53 | | | | Independent | Nick Fallaw | 2,840 | 29.14 | | | | Independent | Tom Davies | 1,237 | 12.69 | | | | Independent | Barry Besanko | 842 | 8.64 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,746 | 98.04 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 195 | 1.96 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,941 | 83.28 | | | After distribution of preferences | | | | | | | | Independent | Paul Pingiaro | 5,212 | 53.48 | | | | Independent | Nick Fallaw | 3,102 | 31.83 | | | | Independent | Tom Davies | 1,432 | 14.69 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Tootgarook | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Cam Williams | 3,790 | 39.64 | | | | Independent | Antonella Celi | 3,746 | 39.18 | | | | Greens | Andrew De Bartolo | 2,026 | 21.19 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,562 | 97.41 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 254 | 2.59 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,816 | 79.50 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Cam Williams | 4,929 | 51.55 | | | | Independent | Antonella Celi | 4,633 | 48.45 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Warringine | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | -------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Michael Stephens | 3,458 | 34.95 | | | | Independent | Hilda Rachid | 2,544 | 25.71 | | | | Independent Labor | Simon Meyer | 2,056 | 20.78 | | | | Independent | Mark Palmer | 1,026 | 10.37 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Nic Robertson | 811 | 8.20 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 9,895 | 96.96 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 310 | 3.04 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,205 | 80.22 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Michael Stephens | 5,760 | 58.21 | | | | Independent | Hilda Rachid | 4,135 | 41.79 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ## Stonnington Stonnington City Council is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the Local Government Act 2020. ### Stonnington results | Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------ | ------ | ----- | ----- | ------ | | | Independent | Independent | 27,648 | 48.15 | | 6 | 3 | | | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 13,873 | 24.16 | | 1 | 2 | | | Greens | Greens | 7,478 | 13.02 | | 0 | 2 | | | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 6,418 | 11.18 | | 2 | 1 | | | Libertarian | Libertarian | 1,125 | 1.96 | | 0 | Steady | | | Victorian Socialists | Victorian Socialists | 873 | 1.52 | | 0 | Steady | | Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 57,415 | 97.57 | | | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,432 | 2.43 | | | | | Total | Total | Total | 58,847 | 100.00 | | 9 | Steady | | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 76,735 | 76.69 | | | | ### Como | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Meghan Hopper | 1,819 | 34.89 | | | | Greens | Hamish Taylor | 1,294 | 24.82 | | | | Independent Liberal | Luke Balasingam | 1,084 | 20.79 | | | | Independent Liberal | Spencer James Millear | 755 | 14.48 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Clayton Doueihi | 261 | 5.01 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,213 | 98.36 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 87 | 1.64 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,300 | 67.59 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Labor | Meghan Hopper | 3,319 | 63.67 | | | | Greens | Hamish Taylor | 1,894 | 36.33 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Greville | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Melina Sehr | 1,801 | 34.21 | | | | Greens | Mike Scott | 1,083 | 20.57 | | | | Independent | Paul Francazio | 809 | 15.37 | | | | Independent | Susan Louey | 693 | 13.16 | | | | Independent | Alison Baker | 487 | 9.25 | | | | Independent | Francois Geraghty | 311 | 5.91 | | | | Independent | Alan Menadue | 81 | 1.54 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,265 | 97.50 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 135 | 2.50 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,400 | 68.46 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Melina Sehr | 3,370 | 64.01 | | | | Greens | Mike Scott | 1,895 | 35.99 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Hedgeley Dene | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Sally Davis | 2,765 | 38.39 | | | | Independent Liberal | Josh Fast | 2,587 | 35.92 | | | | Independent | Claudio Bevilacqua | 1,250 | 17.36 | | | | Independent | Joel Iglicki | 600 | 8.33 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,202 | 97.89 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 155 | 2.11 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,357 | 84.23 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Sally Davis | 3,720 | 51.65 | | | | Independent Liberal | Josh Fast | 3,482 | 48.35 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Malvern Valley | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------ | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Labor | Jami Klisaris | 4,599 | 61.63 | | | | Independent | Joe Gianfriddo | 2,863 | 38.37 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,462 | 95.63 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 341 | 4.37 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,803 | 83.31 | | | | Independent Labor win | Independent Labor win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Orrong | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Samantha Choudhury | 2,981 | 48.37 | | | | Independent | Henry Buch | 1,805 | 29.29 | | | | Greens | Arkie Paten | 1,377 | 22.34 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,163 | 98.01 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 125 | 1.99 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,288 | 73.82 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Samantha Choudhury | 4,099 | 66.51 | | | | Independent | Henry Buch | 2,064 | 33.49 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### South Yarra | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Kate Hely | 2,468 | 47.40 | | | | Independent Liberal | Julie McLean | 1,531 | 29.40 | | | | Greens | Mitch Fuller | 1,208 | 23.20 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,207 | 97.69 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 123 | 2.31 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,330 | 69.99 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Kate Hely | 3,226 | 61.96 | | | | Independent Liberal | Julie McLean | 1,981 | 38.04 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Toorak | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent Liberal | Marcia Griffin | 2,527 | 37.60 | | | | Independent Liberal | Tom Humphries | 2,347 | 34.92 | | | | Libertarian | David Segal | 1,125 | 16.74 | | | | Independent Liberal | Lloyd Bickerton | 722 | 10.74 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,721 | 97.69 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 159 | 2.31 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,880 | 77.57 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent Liberal | Tom Humphries | 3,501 | 52.09 | | | | Independent Liberal | Marcia Griffin | 3,220 | 47.91 | | | | Independent Liberal win | Independent Liberal win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Tooronga | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Greens | Polly Morgan | 2,516 | 34.29 | | | | Independent | Jamie Bell | 2,502 | 34.10 | | | | Independent Liberal | Peter Hammond | 2,320 | 31.62 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 7,338 | 97.83 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 163 | 2.17 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,501 | 82.16 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Jamie Bell | 4,243 | 57.82 | | | | Greens | Polly Morgan | 3,095 | 42.18 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) | ### Wattletree | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | | ------------------------------ | -------------------- | ------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | | | Independent | Nicki Batagol | 2,138 | 31.24 | | | | Independent | Steve Stefanopoulos | 1,915 | 27.98 | | | | Independent | Tammy Lidano | 1,414 | 20.66 | | | | Independent | Kerry Nasser | 765 | 11.18 | | | | Victorian Socialists | Allyssa Gardner | 612 | 8.94 | | | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 6,844 | 97.94 | | | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 144 | 2.06 | | | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,988 | 79.70 | | | Two-candidate-preferred result | | | | | | | | Independent | Steve Stefanopoulos | 3,450 | 50.41 | | | | Independent | Nicki Batagol | 3,394 | 49.59 | | | | Independent win | Independent win | (new ward) | (new ward) | (new ward) |

enwiki/77933115

enwiki

77,933,115

Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Results_of_the_2024_Victorian_local_elections_in_South-Eastern_Melbourne

2025-06-28T07:15:51Z

en

Q130484859

1,170,731

{{Short description|none}} {{main|Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections}} {{Infobox election | election_name = {{nowrap|2024 Victorian local elections}} (South-Eastern Melbourne) | country = Victoria | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne|2028]] | seats_for_election = | election_date = October 2024 | opinion_polls = }} This is a list of results for the '''[[2024 Victorian local elections]]''' in the [[Greater Melbourne|South-Eastern Melbourne]] region.<ref>{{cite web |title=2024 local council elections |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Council Elections 2024 |url=https://www.localgovernment.vic.gov.au/elections-2024 |publisher=Victorian Government |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> South-Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of [[City of Bayside|Bayside]], [[Shire of Cardinia|Cardinia]], [[City of Casey|Casey]], [[City of Frankston|Frankston]], [[City of Glen Eira|Glen Eira]], [[City of Greater Dandenong|Greater Dandenong]], [[City of Kingston|Kingston]], [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Mornington Peninsula]] and [[City of Stonnington|Stonnington]]. ==Bayside== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Bayside City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Bayside|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Bayside|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 4 | seats_for_election = All 7 seats on [[City of Bayside|Bayside City Council]] | image1 = <div style="width:100px;"> '''IND'''</div> | leader1 = | party1 = [[Independent politician|Independent]] | last_election1 = 7 seats | seats_before1 = 7 | seats1 = 4 seats | seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 3 | popular_vote1 = | percentage1 = | swing1 = | image2 = <div style="width:100px;"> '''IND'''</div> | leader2 = | party2 = [[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Ind. Liberal]] | last_election2 = 0 seats | seats_before2 = 0 | seats2 = 3 seats | seat_change2 = {{increase}} 3 | popular_vote2 = | percentage2 = | swing2 = | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Bayside|Bayside City Council]] is composed of seven single-member wards. ===Bayside results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Bayside]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Bayside City Council results|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/bayside-city-council/results|publisher=VEC|access-date=10 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 42,161 | style="width:40px;" | 70.05 | style="width:45px;" | –9.61 | style="width:40px;" | 4 | style="width:40px;" | {{decrease}} 3 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 16,975 | 28.20 | +16.97 | 3 | {{increase}} 3 |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 652 | 1.08 | –6.73 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 402 | 0.67 | +0.67 | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 60,190 | 94.82 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 3,288 | 5.18 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 63,478 | 100.00 | | 7 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 75,633 | 83.93 | | | |} ===Beckett=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Beckett Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Debbie Taylor-Haynes |votes = 3,337 |percentage = 37.78 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Chris Sutton |votes = 3,130 |percentage = 35.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Garry Hoover |votes = 1,553 |percentage = 17.58 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jess Clark |votes = 812 |percentage = 9.19 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,832 |percentage = 97.66 |change = +0.53 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 212 |percentage = 2.34 |change = –0.53 }} {{Election box turnout |votes=9,044|percentage=86.96|change=–1.22}} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Debbie Taylor-Haynes |votes = 4,797 |percentage = 54.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Chris Sutton |votes = 4,035 |percentage = 45.69 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Bleazby=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Bleazby Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Robert Irlicht |votes = 2,535 |percentage = 27.84 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lily Andrews |votes = 1,580 |percentage = 17.35 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Jenson Galvin |votes = 1,556 |percentage = 17.09 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = John Rundell |votes = 1,515 |percentage = 16.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Lyn Maver |votes = 1,189 |percentage = 13.06 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tony Fischetto |votes = 401 |percentage = 4.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jerry Soldatos |votes = 330 |percentage = 3.62 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,106 |percentage = 96.23 |change = +1.41 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 357 |percentage = 3.77 |change = –1.41 }} {{Election box turnout|votes=9,463|percentage=82.83|change=–2.50}} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Robert Irlicht |votes = 5,376 |percentage = 59.04 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lily Andrews |votes = 3,730 |percentage = 40.96 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Boyd=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Boyd Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kylie McIntosh |votes = 1,973 |percentage = 21.54 |change = +10.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jane Ev Proskurnya |votes = 1,900 |percentage = 20.74 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Fiona Stitfold |votes = 1,471 |percentage = 16.06 |change = –0.40 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Christine Barca |votes = 1,155 |percentage = 12.61 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Williams |votes = 1,034 |percentage = 11.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Faiza Nouman |votes = 868 |percentage = 9.48 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Nicholas Healey |votes = 758 |percentage = 8.28 |change = -10.26 }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,159 |percentage = 96.62 |change = +0.09 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 320 |percentage = 3.38 |change = –0.09 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,479 |percentage = 84.75 |change = –1.00 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kylie McIntosh |votes = 5,443 |percentage = 59.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jane Ev Proskurnya |votes = 3,716 |percentage = 40.57 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Castlefield=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Castlefield Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Colleen Harkin |votes = 1,820 |percentage = 20.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Elli Murray |votes = 1,282 |percentage = 14.30 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kevin Howard |votes = 1,235 |percentage = 13.78 |change = +6.18 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tim Wood |votes = 1,202 |percentage = 13.41 |change = +10.60 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hamish Hughes |votes = 720 |percentage = 8.03 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Toni Armstrong |votes = 398 |percentage = 4.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Karen Clements |votes = 375 |percentage = 4.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = James D. Catlin |votes = 371 |percentage = 4.14 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bella Irlicht |votes = 315 |percentage = 3.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anne Elizabeth Fitzgerald |votes = 312 |percentage = 3.48 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jarrod Kanizay |votes = 241 |percentage = 2.69 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Amanda McSweeney |votes = 202 |percentage = 2.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Richard Campbell |votes = 191 |percentage = 2.13 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Robyn Buccheri |votes = 160 |percentage = 1.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Penelope Ann Hansen |votes = 138 |percentage = 1.54 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,962 |percentage = 92.51 |change = –3.83 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 726 |percentage = 7.49 |change = +3.83 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,688 |percentage = 83.68 |change = –2.80 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Elli Murray |votes = 4,651 |percentage = 51.90 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Colleen Harkin |votes = 4,311 |percentage = 48.10 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Dendy=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Dendy Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hanna El Mouallem |votes = 2,592 |percentage = 32.53 |change = +15.00 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Michael Heffernan |votes = 1,539 |percentage = 19.31 |change = –5.51 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Thomas Bartels |votes = 380 |percentage = 4.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joshua Goldstat |votes = 366 |percentage = 4.59 |change = –2.93 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Natalie French |votes = 357 |percentage = 4.48 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lindsey Joffe |votes = 339 |percentage = 4.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Alex Nutman |votes = 320 |percentage = 4.02 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joanne Bryant |votes = 313 |percentage = 3.93 |change = –10.89 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Terence Scanlon |votes = 280 |percentage = 3.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Isabella Do Rozario-Romic |votes = 264 |percentage = 3.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ming Min Xu |votes = 235 |percentage = 2.95 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hugh McFadden |votes = 172 |percentage = 2.16 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mark Tseytlin |votes = 169 |percentage = 2.12 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Lurie |votes = 158 |percentage = 1.98 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Steve Wolf |votes = 137 |percentage = 1.72 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mike Rawlinson |votes = 132 |percentage = 1.66 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Greg Smith |votes = 119 |percentage = 1.49 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Paras Georgoulos |votes = 97 |percentage = 1.22 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,969 |percentage = 92.30 |change = –4.22 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 665 |percentage = 7.70 |change = +4.22 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,634 |percentage = 80.75 |change = –2.51 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hanna El Mouallem |votes = 4,926 |percentage = 61.81 |change = +8.59 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Michael Heffernan |votes = 3,043 |percentage = 38.19 |change = –8.59 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent |swing = +8.59 }} {{Election box end}} ===Ebden=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Ebden Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = [[Geoff Leigh (politician)|Geoff Leigh]] |votes = 2,467 |percentage = 30.41 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Laurence Evans |votes = 1,610 |percentage = 19.84 |change = –11.02 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Calista Clements |votes = 1,119 |percentage = 13.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Clifford Maillard |votes = 727 |percentage = 8.96 |change = –2.73 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Matthew Kaplan |votes = 675 |percentage = 8.32 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Janet Abadee |votes = 653 |percentage = 8.05 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ian Cochrane |votes = 365 |percentage = 4.50 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Timothy David Watts |votes = 263 |percentage = 3.24 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Perry |votes = 234 |percentage = 2.88 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,113 |percentage = 95.79 |change = –1.53 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 357 |percentage = 4.21 |change = +1.53 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,470 |percentage = 84.71 |change = –1.54 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = [[Geoff Leigh (politician)|Geoff Leigh]] |votes = 4,633 |percentage = 57.11 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Laurence Evans |votes = 3,480 |percentage = 42.89 |change = –17.63 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Ivison=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Bayside|Ivison Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Andrew Hockley |votes = 3,821 |percentage = 47.47 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = James Long |votes = 955 |percentage = 11.86 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sonia Castelli |votes = 833 |percentage = 10.35 |change = –10.32 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Alysia Regan |votes = 652 |percentage = 8.10 |change = -0.99 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brandon Hoult |votes = 580 |percentage = 7.21 |change = –2.54 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Liam Kruger |votes = 402 |percentage = 4.99 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anastasia Sagris-Desmond |votes = 337 |percentage = 4.19 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nicholas Batzialas |votes = 311 |percentage = 3.86 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lyn Austin |votes = 158 |percentage = 1.96 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,049 |percentage = 95.48 |change = –0.64 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 381 |percentage = 4.52 |change = +0.64 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,430 |percentage = 81.40 |change = –1.76 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Andrew Hockley |votes = 4,109 |percentage = 51.05 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = James Long |votes = 1,154 |percentage = 14.34 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sonia Castelli |votes = 1,055 |percentage = 13.11 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Alysia Regan |votes = 1,002 |percentage = 12.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brandon Hoult |votes = 729 |percentage = 9.06 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Cardinia== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Cardinia Shire Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Cardinia|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 5 | seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[Shire of Cardinia|Cardinia Shire Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[Shire of Cardinia|Cardinia Shire Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cardinia Shire Council election |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/cardinia-shire-council|publisher=VEC |access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> On 16 April 2021, [[Shire of Cardinia|Westernport Ward]] councillor Ray Brown died after a prolonged illness.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cardinia Shire pays tribute after the passing of Councillor Ray Brown |url=https://www.cardinia.vic.gov.au/news/article/691/cardinia_shire_pays_tribute_after_the_passing_of_councillor_ray_brown |publisher=Cardinia Shire Council |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715091752/https://www.cardinia.vic.gov.au/news/article/691/cardinia_shire_pays_tribute_after_the_passing_of_councillor_ray_brown |archive-date=15 July 2024 |date=19 April 2021}}</ref> A by-election was held in 24 July 2021 and was won by [[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] candidate Kaye Cameron.<ref>{{cite web |title=CARDINIA SHIRE COUNCIL – BY-ELECTION |url=https://resources.reglii.com/VGG.2021.4.23.S183.pdf |publisher=Victoria Government Gazette |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107103714/https://resources.reglii.com/VGG.2021.4.23.S183.pdf |archive-date=7 November 2024 |date=23 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cardinia Shire Council, Westernport Ward by-election results |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/council-by-elections-and-countbacks-timeline/cardinia-shire-council-westernport-ward |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424154147/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/council-by-elections-and-countbacks-timeline/cardinia-shire-council-westernport-ward |archive-date=24 April 2024 |date=30 July 2021}}</ref> ===Cardinia results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Cardinia]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Cardinia Shire Council results|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/cardinia-shire-council/results|publisher=VECaccess-date=11 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Labor and Liberals behind the 'independent' candidates|url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-17/the-labor-and-liberals-behind-the-independent-candidates/|author=Everitt, Corey|publisher=Pakenham Officer Star News|date=17 October 2024|access-date=21 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107102443/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-17/the-labor-and-liberals-behind-the-independent-candidates/ |archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 39,041 | style="width:40px;" | 67.22 | style="width:45px;" | | style="width:40px;" | 7 | style="width:40px;" | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 9,318 | 16.04 | | 1 | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 4,288 | 7.38 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Independent Libertarian]] | 3,720 | 6.41 | | 1 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 875 | 1.51 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 834 | 1.44 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 58,076 | 95.75 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 2,575 | 4.25 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 60,651 | 100.00 | | 9 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters | 82,745 | | | | |} ===Beacon Hills=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Beacon Hills Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brett Owen |votes = 6,036 |percentage = 76.48 |change = +10.88 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kylie Wagstaff |votes = 1,856 |percentage = 23.52 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,892 |percentage = 95.46 |change = –2.52 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 375 |percentage = 4.54 |change = +2.52 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,267 |percentage = 86.31 |change = –0.20 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Bunyip=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Bunyip Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Alanna Pomeroy |votes = 3,929 |percentage = 55.67 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Travis Parker |votes = 3,129 |percentage = 44.33 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,058 |percentage = 95.51 |change = –1.79 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 332 |percentage = 4.49 |change = +1.79 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,390 |percentage = 83.61 |change = –0.14 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Central=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Central Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Collin Ross |votes = 5,519 |percentage = 76.61 |change = +26.31 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rekha Devdas Naidu |votes = 1,685 |percentage = 23.39 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,204 |percentage = 94.94 |change = –2.06 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 384 |percentage = 5.06 |change = +2.06 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,588 |percentage = 81.50 |change = +0.88 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Henty=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Henty Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Shoheli steps to election race |url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/shoheli-steps-to-election-race/ |publisher=Pakenham Officer Star News |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001193206/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/shoheli-steps-to-election-race/ |archive-date=1 October 2024 |date=17 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Liz Roberts |votes = 2,550 |percentage = 36.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Carol Ryan |votes = 1,735 |percentage = 24.84 |change = +0.52 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Shoheli Sunjida |votes = 1,083 |percentage = 15.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Stephanie Grigg |votes = 834 |percentage = 11.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Cecilia Rabecca Mphande |votes = 782 |percentage = 11.20 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,984 |percentage = 96.29 |change = +0.19 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 269 |percentage = 3.71 |change = –0.19 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,253 |percentage = 78.39 |change = +1.22 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Liz Roberts |votes = 4,247 |percentage = 60.81 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Carol Ryan |votes = 2,737 |percentage = 39.19 |change = –16.16 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Officer=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Officer Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Samantha-Jane Potter |votes = 4,866 |percentage = 67.72 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ron Malhotra |votes = 2,319 |percentage = 32.28 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,185 |percentage = 95.62 |change = –0.61 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 329 |percentage = 4.38 |change = +0.61 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,514 |percentage = 82.74 |change = +0.74 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Pakenham Hills=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Pakenham Hills Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jack Kowarzik |votes = unopposed |percentage = |change = }} {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,719 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Ranges=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Ranges Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Nickell |votes = 2,841 |percentage = 37.73 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jeff Springfield |votes = 2,732 |percentage = 36.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Catherine Oldenburger |votes = 1,956 |percentage = 25.98 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,529 |percentage = 96.39 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 282 |percentage = 3.61 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,811 |percentage = 81.85 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Nickell |votes = 4,066 |percentage = 54.00 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jeff Springfield |votes = 3,463 |percentage = 46.00 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Toomuc=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Toomuc Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Casey Thomsen |votes = 2,674 |percentage = 36.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Stephanie Marie Davies |votes = 2,468 |percentage = 33.81 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Amirthalingam Dhileepan |votes = 1,282 |percentage = 17.56 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Rodrigo Alonso Bardales Salguero |votes = 875 |percentage = 11.99 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,299 |percentage = 97.19 |change = +0.24 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 211 |percentage = 2.81 |change = –0.24 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,510 |percentage = 80.71 |change = +1.05 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Casey Thomsen |votes = 3,728 |percentage = 51.08 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Stephanie Marie Davies |votes = 3,571 |percentage = 48.92 |change = –1.58 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Westernport=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Shire of Cardinia|Westernport Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Everitt |first1=Corey |title=Voice of the 'overlooked' |url=https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-29/voice-of-the-overlooked/ |publisher=Star Weekly |access-date=7 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241006012351/https://pakenhamnews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-29/voice-of-the-overlooked/ |archive-date=6 October 2024 |date=29 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Libertarian |candidate = Trudi Paton |votes = 3,720 |percentage = 53.72 |change = +53.72 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Kaye Cameron |votes = 3,205 |percentage = 46.28 |change = −14.70 }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,925 |percentage = 94.63 |change = +0.22 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 393 |percentage = 5.37 |change = −0.22 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,318 |percentage = 82.71 |change = +4.76 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Libertarian |loser = Independent Liberal |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Casey== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Casey City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2016 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Casey|2016]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Casey|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 7 | seats_for_election = All 12 seats on [[City of Casey|Casey City Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = N/A (under administration) | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Casey|Casey City Council]] is composed of twelve single-member wards. The council increased from eleven members to twelve prior to the 2024 election; members were previously elected across six wards (five two-member and one single-member).<ref>{{cite web |title=Casey City Council electoral structure review |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/council-reviews/electoral-structure-reviews/casey|publisher=VEC |access-date=30 September 2024}}</ref> This is the first election for the City of Casey since [[2016 Victorian local elections|2016]], as the council was dismissed and put into administration in February 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rollason |first=Bridget |date=18 Feb 2020 |title=City of Casey could be without elected council until 2024 after damning report prompts sacking |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-18/city-of-casey-sacked-administrators-could-run-council-until-2024/11976104 |access-date=15 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Preiss |first=Benjamin |last2=Towell |first2=Noel |date=18 February 2020 |title=Casey council sacked for four years as watchdog finds bullying, 'unacceptable behaviour' |work=The Age |url=https://www.theage.com.au/politics/victoria/casey-council-to-be-run-by-administrators-until-2024-20200218-p541td.html |access-date=15 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 February 2020 |title=Dismissal Of The Casey City Council |work=Premier of Victoria |url=https://www.premier.vic.gov.au/dismissal-of-the-casey-city-council/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623164514/https://www.premier.vic.gov.au/dismissal-of-the-casey-city-council/ |archive-date=23 June 2020}}</ref> ===Casey results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Casey]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 134,110 | style="width:40px;" | 69.62 | style="width:40px;" | 10 | style="width:40px;" | {{increase}} 10 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 31,798 | 16.51 | 1 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 12,082 | 6.27 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Freedom|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Freedom Party of Victoria|Independent Freedom]] | 4,623 | 2.40 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Libertarian]] | 3,109 | 1.61 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Independent Libertarian]] | 2,575 | 1.34 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 2,451 | 1.27 | 1 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Family First 2021|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Family First Party (2021)|Independent Family First]] | 1,893 | 0.98 | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 192,641 | 95.93 | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 8,169 | 4.07 | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 200,810 | 100.00 | 12 | {{increase}} 1 |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 246,948 | 81.32 | | |} ===Akoonah=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Akoonah Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Samuel Dennison |votes = 4,235 |percentage = 25.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Scott William Dowling |votes = 3,603 |percentage = 22.07 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Dianne Pagliuca |votes = 2,774 |percentage = 16.99 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mush Rahaman |votes = 2,567 |percentage = 15.72 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kushal Shah |votes = 1,949 |percentage = 11.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Patrick R. Ferdinands |votes = 1,201 |percentage = 7.36 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,329 |percentage = 97.12 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 485 |percentage = 2.88 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 16,814 |percentage = 81.43 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=8,489|candidate=Scott William Dowling|percentage=51.99|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Liberal|candidate=Samuel Dennison|votes=7,840|percentage=48.01|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Casuarina=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Casuarina Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kim Ross |votes = 3,494 |percentage = 20.75 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rex Flannery |votes = 2,011 |percentage = 11.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Lyndon Samuel |votes = 1,927 |percentage = 11.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Family First Party (2021)|Independent Family First]] |party style = Family First 2021 |candidate = Jane Foreman |votes = 1,893 |percentage = 11.24 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Morteza Ali |votes = 1,844 |percentage = 10.95 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bassir Qaridi |votes = 1,356 |percentage = 8.05 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Suzanne Carmody |votes = 1,311 |percentage = 7.78 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rex Lazaros |votes = 1,286 |percentage = 7.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mariam Khaliqy |votes = 1,078 |percentage = 6.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Michael Kelaart |votes = 642 |percentage = 3.81 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,842 |percentage = 94.43 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 993 |percentage = 5.57 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 17,835 |percentage = 80.81 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=10,156|candidate=Kim Ross|percentage=60.30|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party = [[Family First Party (2021)|Independent Family First]]|party style = Family First 2021|candidate=Jane Foreman|votes=6,686|percentage=39.70|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Correa=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Correa Ward]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet the Casey Council candidates – Correa Ward|url= https://cranbournenews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-03/meet-the-casey-council-candidates-correa-ward/|publisher=Cranbourne Star News|date=3 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = [[Gary Rowe]] |votes = 4,961 |percentage = 29.50 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Kanu Aggarwal |votes = 4,193 |percentage = 24.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tracey Ryan |votes = 3,555 |percentage = 21.14 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Abdullah Neshat |votes = 2,148 |percentage = 12.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shegofa Naseri |votes = 1,226 |percentage = 7.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Onkar Singh Sandhawalia |votes = 736 |percentage = 4.38 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,819 |percentage = 96.20 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 664 |percentage = 3.80 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 17,483 |percentage = 79.23 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=9,605|candidate=[[Gary Rowe]]|percentage=57.11|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Kanu Aggarwal|votes=7,214|percentage=42.89|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Cranbourne Gardens=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Cranbourne Gardens Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Michelle Crowther |votes = 5,279 |percentage = 32.32 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Lake |votes = 3,888 |percentage = 23.80 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tamas Kapitany |votes = 3,013 |percentage = 18.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jo Muir |votes = 1,627 |percentage = 9.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Blessing Nhliziyo |votes = 1,315 |percentage = 8.05 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mary Beth Melton |votes = 1,213 |percentage = 7.43 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,335 |percentage = 96.35 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 619 |percentage = 3.65 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 16,954 |percentage = 81.84 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=9,469|candidate=Michelle Crowther|percentage=57.97|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Anthony Lake|votes=6,866|percentage=42.03|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Dillwynia=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Dillwynia Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Walter |votes = 3,233 |percentage = 21.69 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joe Pang |votes = 2,519 |percentage = 16.90 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Bissell |votes = 1,974 |percentage = 13.24 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Gurpreet Gill |votes = 1,836 |percentage = 12.32 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Baljinder Dhaliwal |votes = 1,535 |percentage = 10.30 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Jaz Masuta Kamaljeet Singh |votes = 1,445 |percentage = 9.69 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Dissanayake |votes = 1,376 |percentage = 9.23 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Champika Hewa Maddumage |votes = 990 |percentage = 6.64 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 14,908 |percentage = 95.85 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 645 |percentage = 4.15 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 15,553 |percentage = 82.28 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=8,246|candidate=Anthony Walter|percentage=55.33|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Joe Pang|votes=6,659|percentage=44.67|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Grevillea=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Grevillea Ward]]<ref name=CaseyResults>{{cite web|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/casey-city-council/results|title=Casey City Council Results|website=Victorian Electoral Commission|date=7 November 2024|accessdate=7 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the Grevillea Ward candidates |url=https://berwicknews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-06/meet-the-grevillea-ward-candidates/ |publisher=Berwick Star News |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107105451/https://berwicknews.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-10-06/meet-the-grevillea-ward-candidates/ |archive-date=7 November 2024 |date=6 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=David Perry, Candidate for Casey City Council - Grevillea Ward |url=https://greens.org.au/vic/person/david-perry |publisher=Victorian Greens |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107105512/https://greens.org.au/vic/person/david-perry |archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Carmen Powell |votes = 3,074 |percentage = 17.83 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = John Ternel |votes = 2,809 |percentage = 16.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Libertarian |candidate = Stephen Matulec |votes = 2,575 |percentage = 14.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Dave Perry |votes = 2,451 |percentage = 14.21 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bernie Postma |votes = 2,145 |percentage = 12.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = David Parr |votes = 1,685 |percentage = 9.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Stephen Capon |votes = 1,307 |percentage = 7.58 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Haroon Sayed |votes = 620 |percentage = 3.60 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sinfree Chirunga |votes = 578 |percentage = 3.35 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 17,244 |percentage = 95.55 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 804 |percentage = 4.45 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 18,048 |percentage = 83.95 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Greens Vic|votes=8,758|candidate=Dave Perry|percentage=50.79|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Carmen Powell|votes=8,486|percentage=49.21|change=}} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Greens }} {{Election box end}} ===Kalora=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Kalora Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Melinda Ambros |votes = 3,933 |percentage = 23.56 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brian Herbert Oates |votes = 2,652 |percentage = 15.89 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Damien Sawyer |votes = 2,326 |percentage = 13.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Zabi Mazoori |votes = 2,259 |percentage = 13.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Jafri Katagara Luwanga |votes = 1,666 |percentage = 9.98 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Duc Nguyen |votes = 1,196 |percentage = 7.16 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Peterine Smulders |votes = 1,108 |percentage = 6.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Fred Jover |votes = 817 |percentage = 4.89 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Afroz Ahmed |votes = 736 |percentage = 4.41 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,693 |percentage = 95.20 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 842 |percentage = 4.80 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 17,535 |percentage = 83.17 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Melinda Ambros |votes = 9,444 |percentage = 56.57 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Damien Sawyer |votes = 7,249 |percentage = 43.43 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kowan=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Kowan Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Kasuni Mendis |votes = 3,490 |percentage = 21.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bernard Brian Carr |votes = 3,139 |percentage = 19.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Libertarian |candidate = Christine Skrobo |votes = 3,109 |percentage = 19.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shane Taylor |votes = 3,061 |percentage = 18.89 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jawad Erfani |votes = 1,358 |percentage = 8.38 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joby George |votes = 921 |percentage = 5.68 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Gagan Bumrah |votes = 622 |percentage = 3.84 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Raj Nayak{{efn|name=alpgreen|Member of the [[Victorian Labor Party|Labor Party]] and also "affiliated" with the [[Victorian Greens|Greens]].<ref name="affiliation">{{cite web|title=Many of your local election candidates appear to be independent. Our survey reveals otherwise|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/many-of-your-local-election-candidates-appear-to-be-independent-our-survey-reveals-otherwise-20240929-p5kedz.html|website=The Age|author=Rachael Dexter and Nathanael Scott|access-date=5 October 2024|date=3 October 2024}}</ref>}} |votes = 508 |percentage = 3.13 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 16,208 |percentage = 96.45 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 597 |percentage = 3.55 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 16,805 |percentage = 84.12 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shane Taylor |votes = 8,470 |percentage = 52.26 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Kasuni Mendis |votes = 7,738 |percentage = 47.74 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Quarters=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Quarters Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Carolyn Eaves |votes = 3,092 |percentage = 20.05 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ian Wood |votes = 2,799 |percentage = 18.15 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria|Independent Freedom]] |party style = Freedom |candidate = Craig Baird |votes = 2,343 |percentage = 15.19 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kuljeet Kaur Robinson |votes = 2,046 |percentage = 13.27 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Aftab Hussain |votes = 2,043 |percentage = 13.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jagdeep Singh Sukhija |votes = 1,730 |percentage = 11.22 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Rolfe |votes = 1,037 |percentage = 6.72 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ridvan Rasimi |votes = 334 |percentage = 2.17 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 15,424 |percentage = 96.16 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 616 |percentage = 3.84 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 16,040 |percentage = 79.63 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Carolyn Eaves |votes = 8,517 |percentage = 55.22 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ian Wood |votes = 6,907 |percentage = 44.78 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===River Gum=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|River Gum Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lynette Pereira |votes = 3,691 |percentage = 24.41 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Wayne Smith |votes = 2,535 |percentage = 16.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nazir Yousafi |votes = 2,351 |percentage = 15.55 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria|Independent Freedom]] |party style = Freedom |candidate = Geoff Hansen |votes = 2,280 |percentage = 15.08 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Asher Coleman |votes = 2,111 |percentage = 13.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Damien Rosario |votes = 1,117 |percentage = 7.39 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Garry Page |votes = 1,033 |percentage = 6.83 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 15,118 |percentage = 96.10 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 614 |percentage = 3.90 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 15,732 |percentage = 80.27 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lynette Pereira |votes = 8,551 |percentage = 56.56 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Freedom Party of Victoria|Independent Freedom]] |party style = Freedom |candidate = Geoff Hansen |votes = 6,567 |percentage = 43.44 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tooradin=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Tooradin Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jennifer Dizon |votes = 4,164 |percentage = 26.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Tassone |votes = 4,123 |percentage = 26.19 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kuldeep Kaur |votes = 1,995 |percentage = 12.67 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Andrew Gai |votes = 1,952 |percentage = 12.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Yaghobi Ali |votes = 1,474 |percentage = 9.36 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brenton Kelly |votes = 1,407 |percentage = 8.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Ravneet Singh |votes = 626 |percentage = 3.98 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 15,741 |percentage = 96.49 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 573 |percentage = 3.51 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 16,314 |percentage = 81.06 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jennifer Dizon |votes = 8,597 |percentage = 54.62 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Tassone |votes = 7,144 |percentage = 45.38 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Waratah=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Casey|Waratah Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Stefan Koomen |votes = 6,481 |percentage = 43.26 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jamel Kaur Singh |votes = 3,245 |percentage = 21.66 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nasser Yawari |votes = 2,352 |percentage = 15.70 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Ezatullah Alam |votes = 1,959 |percentage = 13.08 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Burak Dilbaz |votes = 943 |percentage = 6.30 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 14,980 |percentage = 95.43 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 717 |percentage = 4.57 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 15,697 |percentage = 78.19 |change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Stefan Koomen |votes = 7,660 |percentage = 51.13 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jamel Kaur Singh |votes = 3,961 |percentage = 26.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nasser Yawari |votes = 3,359 |percentage = 22.42 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ==Frankston== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Frankston City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Frankston|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Frankston|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 5 | seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Frankston|Frankston City Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Frankston|Frankston City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Frankston City Council |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/frankston-city-council |publisher=VEC |access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref> ===Frankston results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Frankston]] ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 52,315 | style="width:40px;" | 66.88 | style="width:45px;" | | style="width:40px;" | 5 | style="width:40px;" | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 15,299 | 19.56 | | 2 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 3,972 | 5.08 | | 1 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 2,140 | 2.74 | | 1 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Sustainable Australia|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Sustainable Australia|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] | 2,013 | 2.57 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Independent Libertarian]] | 1,724 | 2.20 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 749 | 0.96 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 78,212 | 96.88 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 2,522 | 3.12 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 80,734 | 100.00 | | 9 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 101,147 | 79.82 | | | |} ===Ballam=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Ballam Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kris Bolam |votes = 3,852 |percentage = 43.09 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Adam Marshal |votes = 1,846 |percentage = 20.65 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Steven Hughes |votes = 1,624 |percentage = 18.17 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cristy Solis |votes = 1,618 |percentage = 18.10 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,940 |percentage = 97.11 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 266 |percentage = 2.89 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,206 |percentage = 77.12 |change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kris Bolam |votes = 4,778 |percentage = 53.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Adam Marshal |votes = 2,182 |percentage = 24.41 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Steven Hughes |votes = 1,980 |percentage = 22.15 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Centenary Park=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Centenary Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Michael O'Reilly |votes = 4,313 |percentage = 47.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Maureen Rodgers |votes = 2,254 |percentage = 25.07 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Shane Osborne |votes = 1,676 |percentage = 18.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Andrew Cheeseman |votes = 749 |percentage = 8.33 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,992 |percentage = 96.97 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 281 |percentage = 3.03 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,273 |percentage = 82.89 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Michael O'Reilly |votes = 5,478 |percentage = 60.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Maureen Rodgers |votes = 3,514 |percentage = 39.08 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Derinya=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Derinya Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Brad Hill |votes = 2,417 |percentage = 26.62 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Liam Hughes |votes = 1,889 |percentage = 20.81 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hans Vanderstadt |votes = 1,706 |percentage = 18.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cassandra Grace |votes = 1,285 |percentage = 14.15 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ashleigh Hoult |votes = 1,236 |percentage = 13.61 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Iva Babic |votes = 546 |percentage = 6.01 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,079 |percentage = 96.74 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 306 |percentage = 3.26 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,385 |percentage = 82.62 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Brad Hill |votes = 5,201 |percentage = 57.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Liam Hughes |votes = 3,878 |percentage = 42.71 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Elisabeth Murdoch=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Elisabeth Murdoch Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Henryk Kay |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/henryk-kay-elisabeth-murdoch-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221339/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/henryk-kay-elisabeth-murdoch-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cherie Wanat |votes = 3,951 |percentage = 40.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Stephen McDonald |votes = 2,423 |percentage = 25.10 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Libertarian |candidate = Chrysten Abraham |votes = 1,724 |percentage = 17.86 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Suzette Tayler |votes = 1,202 |percentage = 12.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Henryk Kay |votes = 355 |percentage = 3.68 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Renee Jackson {{small|(ineligible)}}{{efn|name=retired|Candidate was ineligible to contest the election after not completing [[2024 Victorian local elections#Mandatory candidate training|mandatory candidate training]].<ref name="retires16">{{cite web |title=VEC retires 16 local council election candidates |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/about-us/media/vec-retires-16-local-council-election-candidates |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=1 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001090935/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/about-us/media/vec-retires-16-local-council-election-candidates |archive-date=1 October 2024 |date=30 September 2024}}</ref> They still appeared on the ballot as they were only "retired" by the [[Victorian Electoral Commission]] after ballot papers had been printed, however they could not serve as a councillor and their votes were distributed to other candidates according to voters' preferences.<ref>{{cite web |title=16 council candidates retired over training failure |url=https://insidelocalgovernment.com.au/16-council-election-candidates-retired-after-training-failure/ |publisher=Inside Local Government |access-date=1 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001103520/https://insidelocalgovernment.com.au/16-council-election-candidates-retired-after-training-failure/ |archive-date=1 October 2024 |date=30 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Retired candidates |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/retired-candidates |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=7 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241107204304/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/retired-candidates |archive-date=7 November 2024}}</ref>}} |votes = ''N/A'' |percentage = ''N/A'' |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,655 |percentage = 96.63 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 337 |percentage = 3.37 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,992 |percentage = 84.53 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cherie Wanat |votes = 6,007 |percentage = 62.22 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Stephen McDonald |votes = 3,648 |percentage = 37.78 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kananook=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Kananook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Emily Green |votes = 2,140 |percentage = 27.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Glenn Aitken |votes = 1,999 |percentage = 25.62 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lisa Stark |votes = 1,602 |percentage = 20.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nathan Pither |votes = 1,358 |percentage = 17.41 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Trent Stagg |votes = 703 |percentage = 9.01 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,802 |percentage = 97.14 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 230 |percentage = 2.86 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,032 |percentage = 75.60 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Emily Green |votes = 4,192 |percentage = 53.73 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Glenn Aitken |votes = 3,610 |percentage = 46.27 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Greens |swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Lyrebird=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Lyrebird Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Steffie Conroy |votes = 3,385 |percentage = 38.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sam Keats |votes = 2,907 |percentage = 33.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Nathan Havis |votes = 2,403 |percentage = 27.64 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,695 |percentage = 96.57 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 309 |percentage = 3.43 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,004 |percentage = 79.51 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Steffie Conroy |votes = 4,537 |percentage = 52.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sam Keats |votes = 4,158 |percentage = 47.82 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Pines=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Pines Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sue Baker |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sue-baker-pines-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221431/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sue-baker-pines-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Justin Turner |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/justin-turner-pines-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221346/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/justin-turner-pines-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bernadette Graus |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bernadette-graus-pines-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221316/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bernadette-graus-pines-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Quinney Brownfield-Hanna |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/quinney-brownfield-hanna-pines-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221417/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/quinney-brownfield-hanna-pines-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sue Baker |votes = 2,708 |percentage = 36.39 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Justin Turner |votes = 2,288 |percentage = 30.75 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bernadette Graus |votes = 1,245 |percentage = 16.73 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Quinney Brownfield-Hanna |votes = 1,200 |percentage = 16.13 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,441 |percentage = 96.64 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 259 |percentage = 3.36 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,700 |percentage = 73.88 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sue Baker |votes = 4,266 |percentage = 57.33 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Justin Turner |votes = 3,175 |percentage = 42.67 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wilton=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Wilton Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Asker |votes = 3,976 |percentage = 42.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Annaliese Collison |votes = 3,127 |percentage = 33.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Prasad Philip |votes = 1,234 |percentage = 13.32 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Richard Rendell |votes = 924 |percentage = 9.98 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,261 |percentage = 97.29 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 258 |percentage = 2.71 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,519 |percentage = 82.31 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Asker |votes = 5,004 |percentage = 54.03 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Annaliese Collison |votes = 4257 |percentage = 45.97 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent |swing = }} {{Election box end}} ===Yamala=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Frankston|Yamala Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sheila Newman |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sheila-newman-yamala-fcc/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221422/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/sheila-newman-yamala-fcc/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Frankston letterboxing and social meetup |url=https://www.sustainableaustralia.org.au/frankston_letterboxing_and_social_meetup_-_sunday_5_december_2021 |publisher=Sustainable Australia Party |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014134015/https://www.sustainableaustralia.org.au/frankston_letterboxing_and_social_meetup_-_sunday_5_december_2021 |archive-date=14 October 2024 |date=5 December 2021}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nathan Butler |votes = 2,986 |percentage = 35.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Sustainable Australia|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] |party style = Sustainable Australia |candidate = Sheila Newman |votes = 2,013 |percentage = 24.12 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Alistair Wardle |votes = 1,526 |percentage = 18.28 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Garry Ebbott |votes = 1,040 |percentage = 12.46 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Steve Toms |votes = 782 |percentage = 9.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ben Frawley {{small|(ineligible)}}{{efn|name=retired}} |votes = N/A |percentage = N/A |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,347 |percentage = 96.80 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 276 |percentage = 3.20 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,623 |percentage = 79.07 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nathan Butler |votes = 5,161 |percentage = 61.83 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = [[Sustainable Australia|Ind. Sustainable Australia]] |party style = Sustainable Australia |candidate = Sheila Newman |votes = 3,186 |percentage = 38.17 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==Glen Eira== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Glen Eira City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections#Glen Eira in South-Eastern Melbourne|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Glen Eira|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 5 | seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Glen Eira|Glen Eira City Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[No overall control]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Glen Eira|Glen Eira City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Glen Eira City Council |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/glen-eira-city-council |publisher=VEC |access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ===Glen Eira results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Glen Eira]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Glen Eira City Council results|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/glen-eira-city-council/results|publisher=VEC|access-date=11 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Glen Eira City Council election candidates|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/glen-eira-city-council/nominations|publisher=VEC|access-date=11 November 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 57,980 | style="width:40px;" | 68.75 | style="width:45px;" | +15.39 | style="width:40px;" | 6 | style="width:40px;" | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 16,205 | 19.78 | +0.97 | 3 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 4,253 | 5.19 | –3.77 | 0 | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 1,647 | 2.01 | –11.56 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Libertarian]] | 1,060 | 1.29 | +0.67 | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 785 | 0.96 | +0.96 | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 81,930 | 97.15 | +2.31 | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 2,407 | 2.85 | –2.31 | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 84,337 | 100.00 | | 9 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 102,201 | 82.52 | –0.66 | | |} ===Bambra=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Bambra Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=VOTE 1 MARGARET ESAKOFF |url=https://www.facebook.com/residentscomefirst/posts/pfbid032su3GH4hHNFSmvi3Z5PQhg9BEPXkptwbmAQyRMPJ1R4w4tU28j59MrUy3KCfcdNfl?rdid=9fub44SFNMxznZvz |website=Facebook |publisher=Margaret Esakoff - Candidate for Bambra Ward |access-date=4 November 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241104051922/https://www.facebook.com/residentscomefirst/posts/pfbid032su3GH4hHNFSmvi3Z5PQhg9BEPXkptwbmAQyRMPJ1R4w4tU28j59MrUy3KCfcdNfl?rdid=9fub44SFNMxznZvz |archive-date=4 November 2024 |date=13 September 2020 |quote=I am not a member of a political party}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Margaret Esakoff |votes = 3,542 |percentage = 38.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Catherine McNaughton |votes = 1,621 |percentage = 17.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shane Shmuel |votes = 1,418 |percentage = 15.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Max Gross |votes = 1,137 |percentage = 12.28 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anouchkar Caderamanpulle |votes = 721 |percentage = 7.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Richard Codron |votes = 456 |percentage = 4.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Elen David |votes = 364 |percentage = 3.93 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,259 |percentage = 96.95 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 291 |percentage = 3.05 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,550 |percentage = 82.78 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Margaret Esakoff |votes = 5,715 |percentage = 61.72 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shane Shmuel |votes = 3,544 |percentage = 38.28 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Booran=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Booran Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Jane Karslake |votes = 3,056 |percentage = 34.11 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anne-Marie Cade |votes = 2,992 |percentage = 33.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cliff Carp |votes = 1,174 |percentage = 13.10 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Meg Lyell |votes = 914 |percentage = 10.20 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jeremy Koadlow |votes = 823 |percentage = 9.19 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,959 |percentage = 97.19 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 259 |percentage = 2.81 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,218 |percentage = 82.45 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Jane Karslake |votes = 4,591 |percentage = 51.24 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anne-Marie Cade |votes = 4,368 |percentage = 48.76 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Caulfield Park=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Caulfield Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sam Parasol |votes = 5,154 |percentage = 56.66 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Victor Deng |votes = 1,658 |percentage = 18.23 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Jaynaya Travis |votes = 785 |percentage = 8.63 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tammy Graeve |votes = 759 |percentage = 8.34 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = James Steedman |votes = 740 |percentage = 8.14 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,096 |percentage = 97.95 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 190 |percentage = 2.05 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,286 |percentage = 79.55 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Jasper=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Jasper Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Arabella Daniel |votes = 4,582 |percentage = 48.95 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Josh Lobo |votes = 3,600 |percentage = 38.46 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = J. Han |votes = 1,178 |percentage = 12.59 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,360 |percentage = 97.42 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 248 |percentage = 2.58 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,608 |percentage = 84.18 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Arabella Daniel |votes = 5,168 |percentage = 55.21 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Josh Lobo |votes = 4,192 |percentage = 44.79 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Mallanbool=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Mallanbool Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kimberley Young |votes = 4,037 |percentage = 43.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Jim Magee |votes = 3,230 |percentage = 34.65 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nick Palamaras |votes = 1,391 |percentage = 14.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Robert Breda |votes = 663 |percentage = 7.11 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,321 |percentage = 97.49 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 240 |percentage = 2.51 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,561 |percentage = 84.98 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kimberley Young |votes = 5,306 |percentage = 56.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Jim Magee |votes = 4,015 |percentage = 43.07 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Moorleigh=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Moorleigh Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kay Rimbaldo |votes = 6,554 |percentage = 71.50 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Karen Nisbet |votes = 2,612 |percentage = 28.50 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,166 |percentage = 95.44 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 438 |percentage = 4.56 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,604 |percentage = 84.06 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Murrumbeena=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Murrumbeena Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Luca Ragni |votes = 2,828 |percentage = 31.00 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Neil Pilling |votes = 2,704 |percentage = 29.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Callum Bugbird |votes = 1,830 |percentage = 20.06 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Libertarian |candidate = Matthew Aitken |votes = 1,060 |percentage = 11.62 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Edward Kreymer |votes = 702 |percentage = 7.69 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,124 |percentage = 97.42 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 242 |percentage = 2.58 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,366 |percentage = 82.49 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Luca Ragni |votes = 4,880 |percentage = 53.49 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Neil Pilling |votes = 4,244 |percentage = 46.51 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Orrong=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Orrong Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = [[Sue Pennicuik]] |votes = 2,423 |percentage = 28.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Simone Zmood |votes = 2,236 |percentage = 26.11 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Yossi Salamon |votes = 1,991 |percentage = 23.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Mike Craig |votes = 1,281 |percentage = 14.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lily Steiner |votes = 634 |percentage = 7.40 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,565 |percentage = 97.56 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 214 |percentage = 2.44 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,779 |percentage = 78.14 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Simone Zmood |votes = 4,670 |percentage = 54.52 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = [[Sue Pennicuik]] |votes = 3,895 |percentage = 45.48 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wattle Grove=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Glen Eira|Wattle Grove Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Li Zhang |votes = 3,019 |percentage = 33.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Angus Morrison |votes = 1,442 |percentage = 15.88 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Eric Stone |votes = 1,390 |percentage = 15.31 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Mish-elle Korn |votes = 1,191 |percentage = 13.12 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Angie Glance |votes = 1,054 |percentage = 11.61 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Emiko Hunt |votes = 504 |percentage = 5.55 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kenneth Law |votes = 480 |percentage = 5.29 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,080 |percentage = 96.96 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 285 |percentage = 3.04 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,365 |percentage = 84.11 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Li Zhang |votes = 5,290 |percentage = 58.26 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Angus Morrison |votes = 3,790 |percentage = 41.74 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ==Greater Dandenong== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = {{nowrap|2024 Greater Dandenong City Council election}} | election_date = 26 October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 6 | seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[City of Greater Dandenong|Greater Dandenong City Council]] | image2 = <div style="width:100px;"> '''IND'''</div> | leader2 = | party2 = [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Ind. Labor]] | last_election2 = 8 seats | seats_before2 = 8 | seats2 = '''7''' | seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 1 | popular_vote2 = 29,937 | percentage2 = 44.34% | swing2 = {{decrease}} 13.32{{efn|name="DandenongALP2020"}} | image1 = <div style="width:100px;"> '''IND'''</div> | leader1 = | party1 = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | last_election1 = 1 seat | seats_before1 = 1 | seats1 = 2 | seat_change1 = {{increase}} 1 | popular_vote1 = '''31,088''' | percentage1 = '''46.04%''' | swing1 = {{increase}} 10.12 | image3 = [[File:Greens placeholder-01.png|150x150px]] | leader3 = | party3 = Australian Greens Victoria | last_election3 = 1 seat | seats_before3 = 1 | seats3 = 2 | seat_change3 = {{increase}} 1 | popular_vote3 = 5,728 | percentage3 = 8.48% | swing3 = {{increase}} 5.66 | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | after_party = | map = {{Switcher | [[File:GreaterDandenong2024wards.png|250px]] | Results in each ward by winning party | [[File:MelbLGA-GreaterDandenong.gif|280px]] | Map of [[Greater Melbourne]] with Greater Dandenong highlighted }}}} [[City of Greater Dandenong|Greater Dandenong City Council]] is composed of 11 single-member wards. Greater Dandenong's ward structure was changed prior to the [[2020 Victorian local elections|2020 election]], making this the second election with single-member wards. [[City of Greater Dandenong|Keysborough South Ward]] councillor Rhonda Garad successfully contested [[City of Greater Dandenong|Cleeland Ward]]. [[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] councillor Tim Dark did not seek re-election in [[City of Greater Dandenong|Keysborough Ward]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Foladi |first1=Sahar |title=Cr Tim Dark exits council |url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-12/cr-tim-dark-exits-council/ |publisher=Star Journal |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912101128/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-12/cr-tim-dark-exits-council/ |archive-date=12 September 2024 |date=12 September 2024}}</ref> ===Greater Dandenong results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Greater Dandenong]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Greater Dandenong council election, 2024 |url=https://www.tallyroom.com.au/viccouncil2024/gtdandenong2024 |publisher=The Tally Room |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909224218/https://www.tallyroom.com.au/viccouncil2024/gtdandenong2024 |archive-date=9 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Greater Dandenong |url=https://greens.org.au/vic/lga/greaterdandenong |publisher=Victorian Greens |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918102509/https://greens.org.au/vic/lga/greaterdandenong |archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lucadou-Wells |first1=Cam |title=Formoso clan, Ian Cook announce shock candidacies |url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/formoso-clan-ian-cook-announce-shock-candidacies/ |publisher=Star Journal |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105102/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-17/formoso-clan-ian-cook-announce-shock-candidacies/ |archive-date=18 September 2024 |date=17 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Foladi |first1=Sahar |title=Ballots drawn for Greater Dandenong Council poll |url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/ballots-drawn-for-greater-dandenong-council-poll/ |publisher=Star Journal |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105311/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/ballots-drawn-for-greater-dandenong-council-poll/ |archive-date=18 September 2024 |date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Foladi |first1=Sahar |title=Low on council candidates |url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/low-on-council-candidates/ |publisher=Star Journal |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918103036/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-18/low-on-council-candidates/ |archive-date=18 September 2024 |date=18 September 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independents]] | style="width:70px;" | 31,088 | style="width:40px;" | 46.04 | style="width:45px;" | +10.12 | style="width:40px;" | 2 | style="width:40px;" | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 29,937 | 44.34 | −13.32{{efn|name="DandenongALP2020"|Compared to the combined [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Dandenong Labor]] and [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] vote total at the [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Greater Dandenong|2020 election]].<ref name="Dandenong2020">{{cite web |title=Greater Dandenong City Council election results 2020 |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/2020-council-election-results/greater-dandenong-city-council |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=9 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241025031318/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/results/council-election-results/2020-council-election-results/greater-dandenong-city-council |archive-date=25 October 2024 |date=10 November 2020}}</ref>}} | 7 | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 5,728 | 8.48 | +5.66 | 2 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 766 | 1.13 | +1.13 | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 67,519 | 96.56 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 2,405 | 3.44 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 69,924 | 100.00 | | 11 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters | 93,869 | | | | |} ===Cleeland=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Cleeland Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = greens vic |candidate = Rhonda Garad |votes = 2,025 |percentage = 34.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Angela Long |votes = 1,804 |percentage = 30.86 |change = +4.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Zahra Haydar Big |votes = 1,355 |percentage = 23.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Pradeep Hewavitharana |votes = 662 |percentage = 11.32 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 5,846 |percentage = 95.74 |change = +0.29 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 260 |percentage = 4.26 |change = –0.29 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,106 |percentage = 75.36 |change = +0.58 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Greens|votes=3,135|candidate=Rhonda Garad|percentage=53.63|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Angela Long|votes=2,711|percentage=46.37|change=–10.32}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Greens Vic |loser = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Dandenong=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Dandenong Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Jim Memeti |votes = 3,466 |percentage = 62.78 |change = +1.62 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Rahima Rizai |votes = 2,055 |percentage = 37.22 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 5,521 |percentage = 92.36 |change = –3.57 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 457 |percentage = 7.64 |change = +3.57 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 5,978 |percentage = 75.05 |change = +2.48 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = independent labor |swing = +1.62 }} {{Election box end}} ===Dandenong North=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Dandenong North Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults>{{cite web|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/greater-dandenong-city-council/results|title=Greater Dandenong City Council Results|website=Victorian Electoral Commission|date=November 2024|accessdate=7 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the Greater Dandenong Council candidates – Dandenong North Ward |url=https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-24/meet-the-greater-dandenong-council-candidates-dandenong-north-ward/ |publisher=Dandenong Star Journal |access-date=14 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924010719/https://dandenong.starcommunity.com.au/news/2024-09-24/meet-the-greater-dandenong-council-candidates-dandenong-north-ward/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |date=24 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Bob Milkovic |votes = 3,828 |percentage = 52.03 |change = +11.10 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Rhonda Tannous |votes = 1,924 |percentage = 26.15 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Daniel Formoso |votes = 985 |percentage = 13.39 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Rosana Ierone |votes = 325 |percentage = 4.42 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Branka Tomic |votes = 296 |percentage = 4.02 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,358 |percentage = 97.38 |change = –0.16 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 198 |percentage = 2.62 |change = +0.16 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,556 |percentage = 83.78 |change = –1.29 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Keysborough=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Keysborough Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/><ref>{{cite web |title=Tevyn Gov |url=https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/tevyn-gov |publisher=Victorian Socialists |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918072613/https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/tevyn-gov |archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Melinda Yim |votes = 3,058 |percentage = 42.07 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Peter Brown |votes = 2,104 |percentage = 28.94 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Daniel Dang |votes = 793 |percentage = 10.91 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Sinan Akkurt |votes = 593 |percentage = 8.16 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = victorian socialists |candidate = Tevyn Gov |votes = 328 |percentage = 4.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Hemara In |votes = 215 |percentage = 2.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Reinaldo Ivan Pincheira |votes = 178 |percentage = 2.45 |change = –0.36 }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,269 |percentage = 97.00 |change = +0.40 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 225 |percentage = 3.00 |change = –0.40 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,494 |percentage = 84.54 |change = –2.06 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|votes=3,734|candidate=Melinda Yim|percentage=51.37|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Peter Brown|votes=2,404|percentage=33.07|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Daniel Dang|votes=1,131|percentage=15.56|change=}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = independent |loser = independent liberal |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Keysborough South=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Keysborough South Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = greens vic |candidate = Isabella Do |votes = 3,703 |percentage = 47.52 |change = +19.25 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Alexandra Bryant |votes = 1,340 |percentage = 17.19 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Ajdin Muzur |votes = 1,274 |percentage = 16.35 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Sasha Jankovic |votes = 797 |percentage = 10.23 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Geraldine Gonsalvez |votes = 679 |percentage = 8.71 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,793 |percentage = 97.73 |change = +0.96 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 181 |percentage = 2.27 |change = –0.96 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,974 |percentage = 86.82 |change = –0.50 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Greens|votes=4,027|candidate=Isabella Do|percentage=51.67|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Alexandra Bryant|votes=1,498|percentage=19.22|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Ajdin Muzur|votes=1,355|percentage=17.39|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Sasha Jankovic|votes=913|percentage=11.72|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Greens Vic |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Noble Park=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Noble Park Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Sophie Tan |votes = unopposed |percentage = |change = }} {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 9,066 |percentage = |change = }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = independent labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Noble Park North=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Noble Park North Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Lana Formoso |votes = 3,873 |percentage = 55.45 |change = +14.51 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Will Billings |votes = 2,082 |percentage = 29.81 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Love Agravante |votes = 548 |percentage = 7.85 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Karl Rathnayake |votes = 482 |percentage = 6.90 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,985 |percentage = 97.42 |change = +0.70 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 185 |percentage = 2.58 |change = –0.70 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,170 |percentage = 82.79 |change = –0.47 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = independent labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale Central=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Springvale Central Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/><ref>{{cite web |title=Sean Stebbings |url=https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/sean-stebbings |publisher=Victorian Socialists |access-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918105626/https://victoriansocialists.org.au/candidates/sean-stebbings |archive-date=18 September 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Alice Phuong Le |votes = 1,669 |percentage = 23.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent Labor |candidate = Meng Bunlay |votes = 1,635 |percentage = 23.47 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Minh Le |votes = 1,628 |percentage = 23.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Brian Dalton |votes = 985 |percentage = 14.14 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Hor Truong |votes = 612 |percentage = 8.78 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = victorian socialists |candidate = Sean Stebbings |votes = 438 |percentage = 6.29 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,967 |percentage = 97.58 |change = +0.13 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 173 |percentage = 2.42 |change = –0.13 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,140 |percentage = 85.35 |change = +2.00 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Alice Phuong Le|votes=4,022|percentage=57.73|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Minh Le|votes=2,945|percentage=42.27|change=}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = independent labor |loser = independent labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale North=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Springvale North Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Sean O'Reilly |votes = 2,905 |percentage = 45.39 |change = –6.16 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Angela Holl |votes = 2,262 |percentage = 35.34 |change = –7.29 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Huong Dinh |votes = 1,233 |percentage = 19.27 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,400 |percentage = 97.71 |change = +0.43 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 150 |percentage = 2.29 |change = –0.43 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,550 |percentage = 83.64 |change = +2.85 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Sean O'Reilly|votes=3,300|percentage=51.56|change=}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent|candidate=Angela Holl|votes=3,100|percentage=48.44|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ===Springvale South=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Springvale South Ward]]<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Loi Truong |votes = 2,429 |percentage = 34.26 |change = +1.44 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Thayhorn Yim |votes = 1,364 |percentage = 19.24 |change = +7.10 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Andy Tran |votes = 1,206 |percentage = 17.01 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Yen Thai |votes = 740 |percentage = 10.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Maleb Hem |votes = 712 |percentage = 10.04 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Lin Sok |votes = 639 |percentage = 9.01 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,090 |percentage = 96.44 |change = –1.34 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 262 |percentage = 3.56 |change = +1.34 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,352 |percentage = 86.37 |change = +0.98 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|votes=4,098|candidate=Loi Truong|percentage=57.80|change=+7.24}} {{Election box candidate AU party|party=Independent Labor|candidate=Thayhorn Yim|votes=2,992|percentage=42.20|change=}} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |swing = +7.24 }} {{Election box end}} ===Yarraman=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Greater Dandenong|Yarraman Ward]]{{efn|Swings and percentage changes compared to results of the [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#2024 Yarraman Ward by-election|2024 Yarraman Ward by-election]].}}<ref name=DandenongResults/> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent labor |candidate = Phillip Danh |votes = 3,690 |percentage = 58.66 |change = +35.80 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = independent |candidate = Ian Cook |votes = 2,600 |percentage = 41.34 |change = +41.34 }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,290 |percentage = 95.25 |change = +1.87 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 314 |percentage = 4.75 |change = –1.87 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,604 |percentage = 79.57 |change = +12.44 }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = independent labor |swing = +7.63 }} {{Election box end}} ==Kingston== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Kingston City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Kingston|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Kingston|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 6 | seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[City of Kingston|Kingston City Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[No overall control]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Kingston|Kingston City Council]] is composed of 11 single-member wards. Kingston's ward structure was changed prior to the [[2020 Victorian local elections|2020 election]], making this the second election with single-member wards. ===Kingston results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Kingston]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Kingston City Council election|url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council|publisher=VEC|access-date=26 September 2024}}</ref> ! style="width:10px" colspan=3 | Party ! style="width:70px;"| Votes ! style="width:40px;"| % ! style="width:40px;"| Swing ! style="width:40px;"| Seats ! style="width:40px;"| Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |   | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| [[Independent politician|Independents]] | 67,025 | 72.31 | | 8 | {{increase}} 3 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |   | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| [[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 18,837 | 20.32 | | 3 | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 2,845 | 3.07 | | 0 | {{decrease}} 2 |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |   | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| [[Victorian Socialists]] | 2,714 | 2.93 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |   | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| [[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 1,267 | 1.37 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |  Formal votes | 92,688 | 96.74 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |  Informal votes | 3,126 | 3.26 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |  Total | 95,814 | 100.00 | | 11 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |  Registered voters / turnout | 114,049 | 84.01 | | | |} === Banksia === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Banksia Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Chris Howe |votes = 5,079 |percentage = 61.38 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kalina Murday |votes = 1,796 |percentage = 21.70 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rosemary Parrant |votes = 771 |percentage = 9.32 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Heather Smith |votes = 629 |percentage = 7.60 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,275 |percentage = 97.06 |change = +0.13 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 251 |percentage = 2.94 |change = –0.13 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,526 |percentage = 80.35 |change = –1.92 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Bunjil === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Bunjil Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Tony Athanasopoulos |votes = 4,791 |percentage = 56.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nikki Kaur |votes = 3,620 |percentage = 43.04 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,411 |percentage = 95.34 |change = –2.56 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 411 |percentage = 4.66 |change = +2.56 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,822 |percentage = 83.42 |change = +0.56 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |loser = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Caruana === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Caruana Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Kingston City Council election candidates |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council/nominations#caruana-ward |publisher=Victorian Electoral Commission |access-date=10 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928044953/https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/kingston-city-council/nominations#caruana-ward |archive-date=28 September 2024 |date=17 September 2024 |quote=If you share my concerns and Liberal values, I ask that you vote 1 Sav Peulich.}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Caroline White |votes = 2,713 |percentage = 30.84 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Eric Lee |votes = 1,878 |percentage = 21.35 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Natan Raykhtin-Breitenfeld |votes = 1,040 |percentage = 11.82 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shannon Hughes |votes = 1,022 |percentage = 11.62 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Sav Peulich |votes = 822 |percentage = 9.34 |change = –5.35 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Michael Carty |votes = 435 |percentage = 4.94 |change = –1.80 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Riz Sheikh Nasir |votes = 412 |percentage = 4.68 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joe Crupi |votes = 275 |percentage = 3.13 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Gandhi Bevinakoppa |votes = 201 |percentage = 2.28 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,798 |percentage = 96.31 |change = –1.07 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 337 |percentage = 3.69 |change = +1.07 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,135 |percentage = 88.38 |change = +0.26 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Caroline White |votes = 5,369 |percentage = 61.03 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Eric Lee |votes = 3,429 |percentage = 38.97 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent Liberal |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Chicquita === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Chicquita Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jane Agirtan |votes = 1,937 |percentage = 23.06 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tracey Davies |votes = 1,620 |percentage = 19.29 |change = –12.86 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Wandzia French |votes = 966 |percentage = 11.50 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ian Baldock |votes = 812 |percentage = 9.67 |change = +3.26 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rosemary West |votes = 758 |percentage = 9.02 |change = –18.08 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Jayden McKay |votes = 591 |percentage = 7.04 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Lachlan McDonald |votes = 568 |percentage = 6.76 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Emma Doble |votes = 533 |percentage = 6.35 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anna Ricciuti |votes = 411 |percentage = 4.89 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lina Pistone |votes = 204 |percentage = 2.43 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,400 |percentage = 95.21 |change = –1.90 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 423 |percentage = 4.79 |change = +1.90 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,823 |percentage = 85.45 |change = –0.65 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jane Agirtan |votes = 4,438 |percentage = 52.83 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tracey Davies |votes = 3,962 |percentage = 47.17 |change = –11.24 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Como === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Como Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Chris Hill |votes = 2,933 |percentage = 34.07 |change = +3.89 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Victoria Oxley |votes = 1,903 |percentage = 22.10 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Brendan Lenarcic |votes = 1,758 |percentage = 20.42 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Beckett |votes = 1,357 |percentage = 15.76 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Ya Ge Xu |votes = 658 |percentage = 7.64 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,609 |percentage = 97.70 |change = –0.32 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 203 |percentage = 2.30 |change = +0.32 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,812 |percentage = 82.09 |change = –2.15 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Chris Hill |votes = 4,582 |percentage = 53.22 |change = –3.62 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Victoria Oxley |votes = 4,027 |percentage = 46.78 |change = }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent |swing = –3.62 }} {{Election box end}} === Karkarook === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Karkarook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Hadi Saab |votes = 3,744 |percentage = 45.04 |change = +24.55 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jono Ling |votes = 1,940 |percentage = 23.34 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Lauren Stevenson |votes = 1,611 |percentage = 19.38 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Shiva Ambadgatti |votes = 1,018 |percentage = 12.25 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,313 |percentage = 96.82 |change = +1.79 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 273 |percentage = 3.18 |change = –1.79 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,586 |percentage = 83.59 |change = +0.45 }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Hadi Saab |votes = 4,180 |percentage = 50.28 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jono Ling |votes = 2,400 |percentage = 28.87 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Lauren Stevenson |votes = 1,733 |percentage = 20.85 |change = }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Longbeach === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Longbeach Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Georgina Oxley |votes = 3,020 |percentage = 37.94 |change = –7.87 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rohan Parrant |votes = 1,996 |percentage = 25.08 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bronwyn Currie |votes = 1,413 |percentage = 17.75 |change = +10.95 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Luke Gilling |votes = 622 |percentage = 7.81 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Walker |votes = 539 |percentage = 6.77 |change = +1.30 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Samara Dixon |votes = 370 |percentage = 4.65 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,960 |percentage = 96.54 |change = –0.35 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 285 |percentage = 3.46 |change = +0.35 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,245 |percentage = 83.32 |change = –0.34 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Georgina Oxley |votes = 4,448 |percentage = 55.88 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Rohan Parrant |votes = 3,512 |percentage = 44.12 |change = }} {{Election box hold AU party| |winner = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Melaleuca === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Melaleuca Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tess Law |votes = 2,687 |percentage = 29.90 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Louise Black |votes = 1,822 |percentage = 20.27 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Declan Dubout |votes = 1,747 |percentage = 19.44 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Gavin Nolan |votes = 1,405 |percentage = 15.63 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Alex Breskin |votes = 691 |percentage = 7.69 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jack Cassidy |votes = 636 |percentage = 7.08 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,988 |percentage = 97.50 |change = –0.39 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 230 |percentage = 2.50 |change = +0.39 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,218 |percentage = 83.31 |change = –1.60 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tess Law |votes = 5,103 |percentage = 56.78 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Louise Black |votes = 3,885 |percentage = 43.22 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Sandpiper === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Sandpiper Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kirralee Ashworth-Collett |votes = 3,584 |percentage = 42.26 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Graham Fountain |votes = 2,286 |percentage = 26.96 |change = +5.33 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Kealey Nutt{{efn|name=alpgreen}} |votes = 1,962 |percentage = 23.14 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Abraham Jesus Garcia |votes = 648 |percentage = 7.64 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,480 |percentage = 97.92 |change = +0.50 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 180 |percentage = 2.08 |change = –0.50 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,660 |percentage = 85.13 |change = –0.76 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kirralee Ashworth-Collett |votes = 5,367 |percentage = 63.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Graham Fountain |votes = 3,113 |percentage = 36.71 |change = –9.75 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent Labor |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Wattle === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Wattle Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Huge shake-up at Kingston Council |url=https://baysidenews.com.au/2024/11/11/huge-shake-up-at-kingston-council/ |publisher=Bayside News |access-date=28 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204124745/https://baysidenews.com.au/2024/11/11/huge-shake-up-at-kingston-council/ |archive-date=4 December 2024 |date=11 November 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jenna Davey-Burns |votes = 2,253 |percentage = 28.80 |change = –0.97 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Freedom |candidate = Georgia Erevnidis |votes = 1,878 |percentage = 24.00 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Geoff Woods |votes = 1,582 |percentage = 20.22 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Aldo Comazzetto |votes = 738 |percentage = 9.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Trent Pirihi |votes = 549 |percentage = 7.02 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Amiriya Dorian |votes = 512 |percentage = 6.54 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nadica Visic |votes = 312 |percentage = 3.99 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,824 |percentage = 96.90 |change = –0.56 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 250 |percentage = 3.10 |change = +0.56 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,074 |percentage = 81.99 |change = –1.57 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Freedom |candidate = Georgia Erevnidis |votes = 4,312 |percentage = 55.11 |change = +55.11 }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jenna Davey-Burns |votes = 3,512 |percentage = 44.89 |change = –12.49 }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent Freedom |loser = Independent |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} === Yammerbrook === {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Kingston|Yammerbrook Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sarah O'Donnell |votes = 2,690 |percentage = 31.17 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Greg McMahon |votes = 2,173 |percentage = 25.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = David Eden |votes = 1,834 |percentage = 21.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Susanna Moore |votes = 576 |percentage = 6.67 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tony Firman |votes = 451 |percentage = 5.23 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mark Tarulli |votes = 423 |percentage = 4.90 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Daniel Loza |votes = 273 |percentage = 3.16 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mellissa Glanville |votes = 210 |percentage = 2.43 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 8,630 |percentage = 96.82 |change = –0.88 }} {{Election box informal |votes = 283 |percentage = 3.18 |change = +0.88 }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 8,913 |percentage = 87.29 |change = –0.18 }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sarah O'Donnell |votes = 5,136 |percentage = 59.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Greg McMahon |votes = 3,494 |percentage = 40.49 |change = }} {{Election box gain AU party| |winner = Independent |loser = Independent Liberal |swing = No }} {{Election box end}} ==Mornington Peninsula== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Mornington Peninsula|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Mornington Peninsula|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 6 | seats_for_election = All 11 seats on [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Mornington Peninsula Shire Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Mornington Peninsula Shire Council]] is composed of eleven single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of six wards (three single-member wards, one two-member ward and two three-member wards), but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/mornington-peninsula-shire-council|publisher=VEC |access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> ===Mornington Peninsula results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Mornington Peninsula]] ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 90,460 | style="width:40px;" | 82.86 | style="width:45px;" | | style="width:40px;" | 10 | style="width:40px;" | {{decrease}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 10,013 | 9.17 | | 1 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 5,864 | 5.37 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 2,026 | 1.86 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 811 | 0.74 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 109,174 | 97.01 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 3,360 | 2.99 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 112,534 | 100.00 | | 11 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 134,819 | 83.47 | | | |} ===Beek Beek=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Beek Beek Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kate Roper |votes = 6,367 |percentage = 66.74 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Lavinia Jenkin |votes = 3,173 |percentage = 33.26 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,540 |percentage = 94.36 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 570 |percentage = 5.64 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,110 |percentage = 85.56 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Benbenjie=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Benbenjie Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ker |first1=Peter |title=Clarke misses Liberal preselection by a vote |url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/clarke-misses-liberal-preselection-by-a-vote-20060626-ge2lbk.html |publisher=The Age |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318152744/https://www.theage.com.au/national/clarke-misses-liberal-preselection-by-a-vote-20060626-ge2lbk.html |archive-date=18 March 2023 |date=26 June 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Butler |first1=Ben |last2=Desloires |first2=Vanessa |title=Prime Trust director Peter Clarke gave false evidence |url=https://www.smh.com.au/business/prime-trust-director-peter-clarke-gave-false-evidence-20140727-3cnkx.html |publisher=Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017002351/https://www.smh.com.au/business/prime-trust-director-peter-clarke-gave-false-evidence-20140727-3cnkx.html |archive-date=17 October 2022 |date=28 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Peter Clarke |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/peter-clarke-benbenjie-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221414/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/peter-clarke-benbenjie-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Max Patton |votes = 4,593 |percentage = 48.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Peter Clarke |votes = 4,113 |percentage = 43.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Dinka Jakovac |votes = 759 |percentage = 8.02 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,465 |percentage = 97.70 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 223 |percentage = 2.30 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,688 |percentage = 85.18 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Max Patton |votes = 5,097 |percentage = 53.85 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Peter Clarke |votes = 4,368 |percentage = 46.15 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Briars=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Briars Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Anthony Marsh |votes = 7,717 |percentage = 70.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Despi O'Connor |votes = 3,240 |percentage = 29.57 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bill Daish {{small|(ineligible)}}{{efn|name=retired}} |votes = ''N/A'' |percentage = ''N/A'' |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 10,957 |percentage = 98.43 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 175 |percentage = 1.57 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 11,132 |percentage = 85.97 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Brokil=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Brokil Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Patrick Binyon |votes = 5,117 |percentage = 50.93 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Elizabeth Woolcock |votes = 3,580 |percentage = 35.63 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Marie Murray |votes = 1,351 |percentage = 13.45 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 10,048 |percentage = 97.53 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 254 |percentage = 2.47 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,302 |percentage = 82.85 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Coolart=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Coolart Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Gill |votes = 4,715 |percentage = 45.07 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Neil Biggins |votes = 3,395 |percentage = 32.45 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Dennice Allen-Breeschoten |votes = 2,351 |percentage = 22.47 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 10,461 |percentage = 97.97 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 217 |percentage = 2.03 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,678 |percentage = 83.64 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = David Gill |votes = 5,474 |percentage = 52.33 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Neil Biggins |votes = 4,987 |percentage = 47.67 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Kackeraboite=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Kackeraboite Ward]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mpnews.com.au/2024/11/11/councillors-decided-as-count-comes-to-end/|title=Councillors decided as count comes to end|author=McCullough, Cameron|publisher=Mornington Peninsula News Group|date=11 November 2024|access-date=11 November 2024 |archive-date=11 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111064914/https://www.mpnews.com.au/2024/11/11/councillors-decided-as-count-comes-to-end/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Daniel McCaffrey |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/daniel-mccaffrey-kackeraboite-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221321/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/daniel-mccaffrey-kackeraboite-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Stephen Batty |votes = 5,900 |percentage = 60.77 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Daniel McCaffrey |votes = 3,808 |percentage = 39.23 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,708 |percentage = 95.42 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 466 |percentage = 4.58 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,174 |percentage = 85.83 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Moorooduc=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Moorooduc Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Bruce Ranken |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bruce-ranken-moorooduc-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221319/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/bruce-ranken-moorooduc-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Bruce Ranken |votes = 5,241 |percentage = 56.15 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kathryn Smith |votes = 4,093 |percentage = 43.85 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,334 |percentage = 95.64 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 426 |percentage = 4.36 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,760 |percentage = 83.98 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Nepean=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Nepean Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Suzanne Jones |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/suzanne-jones-nepean-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221436/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/suzanne-jones-nepean-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Susan Bissinger |votes = 2,279 |percentage = 21.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Andrea Allen |votes = 2,252 |percentage = 21.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Eddie Matt |votes = 2,103 |percentage = 20.11 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Josie Jones |votes = 1,568 |percentage = 14.99 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Suzanne Jones |votes = 1,509 |percentage = 14.43 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Krysten Le Marshall |votes = 457 |percentage = 4.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Monique Toms |votes = 290 |percentage = 2.77 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 10,458 |percentage = 97.48 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 270 |percentage = 2.52 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,728 |percentage = 82.68 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Andrea Allen |votes = 5,396 |percentage = 51.60 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Eddie Matt |votes = 5,062 |percentage = 48.40 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tanti=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Tanti Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Tom Davies |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/tom-davies-tanti-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221439/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/tom-davies-tanti-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Paul Pingiaro |votes = 4,827 |percentage = 49.53 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nick Fallaw |votes = 2,840 |percentage = 29.14 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tom Davies |votes = 1,237 |percentage = 12.69 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Barry Besanko |votes = 842 |percentage = 8.64 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,746 |percentage = 98.04 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 195 |percentage = 1.96 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,941 |percentage = 83.28 |change = }} {{Election box after preferences}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Paul Pingiaro |votes = 5,212 |percentage = 53.48 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nick Fallaw |votes = 3,102 |percentage = 31.83 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tom Davies |votes = 1,432 |percentage = 14.69 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Tootgarook=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Tootgarook Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Andrew De Bartolo |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/andrew-debartolo-tootgarook-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221303/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/andrew-debartolo-tootgarook-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cam Williams |votes = 3,790 |percentage = 39.64 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Antonella Celi |votes = 3,746 |percentage = 39.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Andrew De Bartolo |votes = 2,026 |percentage = 21.19 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,562 |percentage = 97.41 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 254 |percentage = 2.59 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 9,816 |percentage = 79.50 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Cam Williams |votes = 4,929 |percentage = 51.55 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Antonella Celi |votes = 4,633 |percentage = 48.45 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Warringine=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[Mornington Peninsula Shire|Warringine Ward]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Simon Meyer |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/simon-meyer-warringine-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221424/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/simon-meyer-warringine-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nic Robertson |url=https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/nic-robertson-warringine-mps/ |publisher=Committee for Frankston & Mornington Peninsula |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241016221406/https://www.cfmp.org.au/events/council-elections/nic-robertson-warringine-mps/ |archive-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Michael Stephens |votes = 3,458 |percentage = 34.95 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hilda Rachid |votes = 2,544 |percentage = 25.71 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Simon Meyer |votes = 2,056 |percentage = 20.78 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Mark Palmer |votes = 1,026 |percentage = 10.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Nic Robertson |votes = 811 |percentage = 8.20 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 9,895 |percentage = 96.96 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 310 |percentage = 3.04 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 10,205 |percentage = 80.22 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Michael Stephens |votes = 5,760 |percentage = 58.21 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Hilda Rachid |votes = 4,135 |percentage = 41.79 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==Stonnington== {{Infobox election | country = Victoria | election_name = 2024 Stonnington City Council election | election_date = October 2024 | previous_year = [[Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Stonnington|2020]] | next_year = [[Results of the 2028 Victorian local elections in South-Eastern Melbourne#Stonnington|2028]] | type = parliamentary | vote_type = [[Instant-runoff voting#Australia|First preference]] | ongoing = | turnout = | majority_seats = 5 | seats_for_election = All 9 seats on [[City of Stonnington|Stonnington City Council]] | title = Largest party | posttitle = Subsequent largest party | before_election = [[No overall control]] | before_party = | after_election = [[Independent politician|Independents]] | after_party = }} [[City of Stonnington|Stonnington City Council]] is composed of nine single-member wards. Prior to the 2024 election, it was composed of three multi-member wards with three members each, but the electoral structure has changed as a result of the [[Local Government Act 2020]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Stonnington City Council |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/electoral-boundaries/local-councils/stonnington-city-council |publisher=VEC |access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ===Stonnington results=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0" |+[[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Stonnington]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Stonnington City Council election |url=https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/voting/2024-local-council-elections/stonnington-city-council/nominations |publisher=VEC |access-date=25 September 2024}}</ref> ! colspan="3" style="width:10px" |Party ! style="width:70px;" |Votes ! style="width:40px;" | % ! style="width:40px;" |Swing ! style="width:40px;" |Seats ! style="width:40px;" |Change |- | {{Australian party style|Independent|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] | style="width:70px;" | 27,648 | style="width:40px;" | 48.15 | style="width:45px;" | | style="width:40px;" | 6 | style="width:40px;" | {{increase}} 3 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Liberal|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Liberal (Australia)|Independent Liberal]] | 13,873 | 24.16 | | 1 | {{decrease}} 2 |- | {{Australian party style|Greens|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Greens|Greens]] | 7,478 | 13.02 | | 0 | {{decrease}} 2 |- | {{Australian party style|Independent Labor|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent Labor (Australia)|Independent Labor]] | 6,418 | 11.18 | | 2 | {{increase}} 1 |- | {{Australian party style|Libertarian|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Libertarian]] | 1,125 | 1.96 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- | {{Australian party style|Victorian Socialists|width:1px}} |  | colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |[[Victorian Socialists]] | 873 | 1.52 | | 0 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Formal votes | 57,415 | 97.57 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Informal votes | 1,432 | 2.43 | | | |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Total | 58,847 | 100.00 | | 9 | {{steady}} |- ! colspan="3" rowspan="1" | Registered voters / turnout | 76,735 | 76.69 | | | |} ===Como=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Como Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Meghan Hopper |votes = 1,819 |percentage = 34.89 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Hamish Taylor |votes = 1,294 |percentage = 24.82 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Luke Balasingam |votes = 1,084 |percentage = 20.79 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Spencer James Millear |votes = 755 |percentage = 14.48 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Clayton Doueihi |votes = 261 |percentage = 5.01 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 5,213 |percentage = 98.36 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 87 |percentage = 1.64 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 5,300 |percentage = 67.59 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Meghan Hopper |votes = 3,319 |percentage = 63.67 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Hamish Taylor |votes = 1,894 |percentage = 36.33 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Greville=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Greville Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Melina Sehr |votes = 1,801 |percentage = 34.21 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Mike Scott |votes = 1,083 |percentage = 20.57 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Paul Francazio |votes = 809 |percentage = 15.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Susan Louey |votes = 693 |percentage = 13.16 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Alison Baker |votes = 487 |percentage = 9.25 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Francois Geraghty |votes = 311 |percentage = 5.91 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Alan Menadue |votes = 81 |percentage = 1.54 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 5,265 |percentage = 97.50 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 135 |percentage = 2.50 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 5,400 |percentage = 68.46 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Melina Sehr |votes = 3,370 |percentage = 64.01 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Mike Scott |votes = 1,895 |percentage = 35.99 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Hedgeley Dene=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Hedgeley Dene Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sally Davis |votes = 2,765 |percentage = 38.39 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Josh Fast |votes = 2,587 |percentage = 35.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Claudio Bevilacqua |votes = 1,250 |percentage = 17.36 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joel Iglicki |votes = 600 |percentage = 8.33 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,202 |percentage = 97.89 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 155 |percentage = 2.11 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,357 |percentage = 84.23 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Sally Davis |votes = 3,720 |percentage = 51.65 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Josh Fast |votes = 3,482 |percentage = 48.35 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Malvern Valley=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Malvern Valley Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Labor |candidate = Jami Klisaris |votes = 4,599 |percentage = 61.63 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Joe Gianfriddo |votes = 2,863 |percentage = 38.37 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,462 |percentage = 95.63 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 341 |percentage = 4.37 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,803 |percentage = 83.31 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Labor }} {{Election box end}} ===Orrong=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Orrong Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Samantha Choudhury |votes = 2,981 |percentage = 48.37 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Henry Buch |votes = 1,805 |percentage = 29.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Arkie Paten |votes = 1,377 |percentage = 22.34 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,163 |percentage = 98.01 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 125 |percentage = 1.99 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,288 |percentage = 73.82 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Samantha Choudhury |votes = 4,099 |percentage = 66.51 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Henry Buch |votes = 2,064 |percentage = 33.49 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===South Yarra=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|South Yarra Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kate Hely |votes = 2,468 |percentage = 47.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Julie McLean |votes = 1,531 |percentage = 29.40 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Mitch Fuller |votes = 1,208 |percentage = 23.20 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 5,207 |percentage = 97.69 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 123 |percentage = 2.31 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 5,330 |percentage = 69.99 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kate Hely |votes = 3,226 |percentage = 61.96 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Julie McLean |votes = 1,981 |percentage = 38.04 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Toorak=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Toorak Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Marcia Griffin |votes = 2,527 |percentage = 37.60 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Tom Humphries |votes = 2,347 |percentage = 34.92 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Libertarian |candidate = David Segal |votes = 1,125 |percentage = 16.74 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Lloyd Bickerton |votes = 722 |percentage = 10.74 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,721 |percentage = 97.69 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 159 |percentage = 2.31 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,880 |percentage = 77.57 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Tom Humphries |votes = 3,501 |percentage = 52.09 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Marcia Griffin |votes = 3,220 |percentage = 47.91 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent Liberal }} {{Election box end}} ===Tooronga=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Tooronga Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Polly Morgan |votes = 2,516 |percentage = 34.29 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jamie Bell |votes = 2,502 |percentage = 34.10 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent Liberal |candidate = Peter Hammond |votes = 2,320 |percentage = 31.62 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 7,338 |percentage = 97.83 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 163 |percentage = 2.17 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 7,501 |percentage = 82.16 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Jamie Bell |votes = 4,243 |percentage = 57.82 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Greens Vic |candidate = Polly Morgan |votes = 3,095 |percentage = 42.18 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ===Wattletree=== {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Victorian local elections]]: [[City of Stonnington|Wattletree Ward]] }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nicki Batagol |votes = 2,138 |percentage = 31.24 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Steve Stefanopoulos |votes = 1,915 |percentage = 27.98 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Tammy Lidano |votes = 1,414 |percentage = 20.66 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Kerry Nasser |votes = 765 |percentage = 11.18 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Victorian Socialists |candidate = Allyssa Gardner |votes = 612 |percentage = 8.94 |change = }} {{Election box formal |votes = 6,844 |percentage = 97.94 |change = }} {{Election box informal |votes = 144 |percentage = 2.06 |change = }} {{Election box turnout |votes = 6,988 |percentage = 79.70 |change = }} {{Election box 2cp}} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Steve Stefanopoulos |votes = 3,450 |percentage = 50.41 |change = }} {{Election box candidate AU party |party = Independent |candidate = Nicki Batagol |votes = 3,394 |percentage = 49.59 |change = }} {{Election box new ward win AU party| |winner = Independent }} {{Election box end}} ==See also== *[[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Eastern Melbourne]] *[[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Inner Melbourne]] *[[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Northern Melbourne]] *[[Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Western Melbourne]] ==Notes== {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}} {{2024 Victorian local elections}} [[Category:2024 Victorian local elections|MelbourneSouthEastern]] [[Category:Results of Victorian local elections|MelbourneSouthEastern2024]]

1,297,750,206

[{"title": "2024 Bayside City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 7 seats on Bayside City Council \u00b7 4 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Party": "Independent \u00b7 Ind. Liberal", "Last election": "7 seats \u00b7 0 seats", "Seats before": "7 \u00b7 0", "Seats won": "4 seats \u00b7 3 seats", "Seat change": "3 \u00b7 3", "Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Cardinia Shire Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Cardinia Shire Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Casey City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2016": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 12 seats on Casey City Council \u00b7 7 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 N/A (under administration) \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Frankston City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Frankston City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Glen Eira City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Glen Eira City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Greater Dandenong City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "26 October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Greater Dandenong City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Party": "Independents \u00b7 Ind. Labor \u00b7 Greens", "Last election": "1 seat \u00b7 8 seats \u00b7 1 seat", "Seats before": "1 \u00b7 8 \u00b7 1", "Seats won": "2 \u00b7 7 \u00b7 2", "Seat change": "1 \u00b7 1 \u00b7 1", "First preference vote": "31,088 \u00b7 29,937 \u00b7 5,728", "Percentage": "46.04% \u00b7 44.34% \u00b7 8.48%", "Swing": "10.12 \u00b7 13.32 \u00b7 5.66", "All 11 seats on Greater Dandenong City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority": "Results in each ward by winning party Map of Greater Melbourne with Greater Dandenong highlighted", "Largest party before election \u00b7 Independent Labor \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independent Labor"}}, {"title": "2024 Kingston City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Kingston City Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Mornington Peninsula Shire Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 11 seats on Mornington Peninsula Shire Council \u00b7 6 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 Independents \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}, {"title": "2024 Stonnington City Council election", "data": {"\u2190 2020": "October 2024 \u00b7 2028 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All 9 seats on Stonnington City Council \u00b7 5 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Largest party before election \u00b7 No overall control \u00b7": "Subsequent largest party \u00b7 Independents"}}]

false

# Srirangam taluk Srirangam taluk is a taluk of Tiruchirapalli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Srirangam.This taluk has a 1 to 6 wards of city as jurisdictional areas and some villages are under this taluk of Trichy. ## Demographics According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Srirangam had a population of 210,361 with 104,734 males and 105,627 females. There were 1009 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 73.24. Child population in the age group below 6 was 10,813 Males and 10,445 Females.

enwiki/23833165

enwiki

23,833,165

Srirangam taluk

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srirangam_taluk

2019-10-01T14:06:44Z

en

Q7586514

28,267

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} '''Srirangam taluk''' is a [[taluk]] of [[Tiruchirapalli district]] of the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of [[Srirangam]].This taluk has a 1 to 6 wards of city as jurisdictional areas and some villages are under this taluk of Trichy. ==Demographics== According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Srirangam had a population of 210,361 with 104,734 males and 105,627 females. There were 1009 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 73.24. Child population in the age group below 6 was 10,813 Males and 10,445 Females.<ref>{{cite web|title=Provisional Population Totals - Tamil Nadu-Census 2011|url=http://www.census.tn.nic.in/census2011data/PPT_taluk_data_final.pdf|publisher=Census Tamil Nadu|accessdate=4 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617095215/http://www.census.tn.nic.in/census2011data/PPT_taluk_data_final.pdf|archivedate=17 June 2013}}</ref> == References == <References/> {{Tiruchirapalli district}} {{coord missing|Tamil Nadu}} [[Category:Taluks of Tiruchirapalli district]] {{Tiruchirapalli-geo-stub}}

919,037,335

[]

false

# UCSF648 UCSF648 is an experimental drug which acts as a selective partial agonist for the 5-HT5A serotonin receptor. Very few selective ligands are available for this receptor, and UCSF648 is expected to be useful in researching its structure and function.

enwiki/79721571

enwiki

79,721,571

UCSF648

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCSF648

2025-05-03T19:53:57Z

en

Q134287071

145,603

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}} {{Drugbox | IUPAC_name = N-[(5-chloroquinolin-8-yl)methyl]-3-ethylsulfonylpropan-1-amine | image = UCSF648.svg | width =  | tradename = | routes_of_administration =  | CAS_number = 2637090-56-1 | UNII = | ATC_prefix = | PubChem = 154864756 | IUPHAR_ligand = | ChemSpiderID = 115008020 | ChEMBL = 5079940  | C=15 | H=19 | Cl=1 | N=2 | O=2 | S=1 | smiles = CCS(=O)(=O)CCCNCC1=C2C(=C(C=C1)Cl)C=CC=N2 | StdInChI = 1S/C15H19ClN2O2S/c1-2-21(19,20)10-4-8-17-11-12-6-7-14(16)13-5-3-9-18-15(12)13/h3,5-7,9,17H,2,4,8,10-11H2,1H3 | StdInChIKey = GNNSPXBPLMMQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N }} '''UCSF648''' is an experimental drug which acts as a selective [[partial agonist]] for the [[5-HT5A receptor|5-HT5A]] [[serotonin receptor]]. Very few selective ligands are available for this receptor, and UCSF648 is expected to be useful in researching its structure and function.<ref name="pmid35195401">{{cite journal | vauthors = Levit Kaplan A, Strachan RT, Braz JM, Craik V, Slocum S, Mangano T, Amabo V, O'Donnell H, Lak P, Basbaum AI, Roth BL, Shoichet BK | title = Structure-Based Design of a Chemical Probe Set for the 5-HT5A Serotonin Receptor | journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 65 | issue = 5 | pages = 4201–4217 | date = March 2022 | pmid = 35195401 | pmc = 9116900 | doi = 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02031 }}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Serotonergics}} [[Category:5-HT5A agonists]] [[Category:Experimental drugs]] [[Category:Quinolines]] [[Category:Sulfones]] [[Category:Chloroarenes]] [[Category:Secondary amines]] {{nervous-system-drug-stub}}

1,288,611,873

[{"title": "Identifiers", "data": {"Identifiers": "IUPAC name - N-[(5-chloroquinolin-8-yl)methyl]-3-ethylsulfonylpropan-1-amine", "CAS Number": "- 2637090-56-1", "PubChem CID": "- 154864756", "ChemSpider": "- 115008020", "ChEMBL": "- ChEMBL5079940"}}, {"title": "Chemical and physical data", "data": {"Formula": "C15H19ClN2O2S", "Molar mass": "326.84 g\u00b7mol\u22121", "3D model (JSmol)": "- Interactive image", "Chemical and physical data": ["SMILES - CCS(=O)(=O)CCCNCC1=C2C(=C(C=C1)Cl)C=CC=N2", "InChI - InChI=1S/C15H19ClN2O2S/c1-2-21(19,20)10-4-8-17-11-12-6-7-14(16)13-5-3-9-18-15(12)13/h3,5-7,9,17H,2,4,8,10-11H2,1H3 - Key:GNNSPXBPLMMQSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N"]}}]

false

# Victor of Marseilles Victor of Marseilles (died c. 290) was an Egyptian Christian martyr. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, and Eastern Orthodox Church. ## Life Victor is said to have been a Roman army officer in Marseille, who publicly denounced the worship of idols. For that, he was brought before the Roman prefects, Asterius and Eutychius, who later sent him to the Emperor Maximian. He was then racked, beaten, dragged through the streets, and thrown into prison, where he converted three other Roman soldiers, Longinus, Alexander, and Felician, who were subsequently beheaded. After refusing to offer incense to a statue of the Roman god Jupiter, Victor kicked it over with his foot. The emperor ordered that he be put to death by being ground under a millstone, but the millstone broke while Victor was still alive. He was then beheaded. ## Veneration Victor and the three other Roman soldiers he converted – Longinus, Alexander and Felician – were killed near the end of the 3rd century. In the 4th century, John Cassian built a monastery over the site where their bodies had been buried in a cave, which later became a Benedictine abbey and minor basilica. This is the Abbey of St Victor (Abbaye Saint-Victor). Saint Victor's feast day, along with Saints Longinus, Alexander and Felician, is celebrated on July 21. ## Patronage Victor is the patron saint of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. His life and martyrdom are celebrated in the scenes depicted on the high altar of St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn.

enwiki/2726857

enwiki

2,726,857

Victor of Marseilles

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_of_Marseilles

2025-02-17T19:22:50Z

en

Q1374522

28,456

{{Short description|3rd-century Egyptian martyr and saint}} {{Infobox saint |honorific_prefix=Saint |name=Victor of Marseilles |birth_date=3rd century [[AD]] |death_date=c. 290 [[AD]] |feast_day=July 21 |venerated_in=[[Catholic Church]] [[Oriental Orthodox Church]] [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] |image=Woudrichem_-_Nooit_Gedagt_-_Victor_van_Marseille.jpg |imagesize=250px |caption= |birth_place= |death_place=[[Marseille]] |titles=Martyr |beatified_date= |beatified_place= |beatified_by= |canonized_date= |canonized_place= |canonized_by= |attributes=Depicted as a Roman soldier with a millstone; depicted overthrowing a statue of Jupiter; in stocks, comforted by angels; scourged and crushed by a millstone; or with his body beheaded and flung into the river, from which the angels take it;<ref name="Saints of July 21">[http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0721.shtml Saints of July 21]</ref> depicted with windmill |patronage= cabinetmakers, millers, torture victims, sick children; invoked against lightning |major_shrine= |suppressed_date= |issues= }} '''Victor of Marseilles''' (died c. 290) was an [[Egyptians|Egyptian]] [[Christian martyr]]. He is [[veneration|venerated]] as a [[saint]] in the [[Catholic Church]], [[Oriental Orthodox Church]], and [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]. ==Life== Victor is said to have been a [[Roman army]] officer in [[Marseille]], who publicly denounced the worship of [[Cult image|idols]]. For that, he was brought before the Roman [[prefect]]s, Asterius and Eutychius, who later sent him to the Emperor [[Maximian]].<ref name=butler>[http://www.bartleby.com/210/7/214.html Butler, Alban. ''Lives of the Saints'', Vol. VII, 1866]</ref> He was then racked, beaten, dragged through the streets, and thrown into prison, where he converted three other Roman soldiers, Longinus, Alexander, and Felician, who were subsequently beheaded. After refusing to offer [[incense]] to a statue of the Roman god [[Jupiter (god)|Jupiter]], Victor kicked it over with his foot. The emperor ordered that he be put to death by being ground under a millstone, but the millstone broke while Victor was still alive. He was then beheaded.<ref name=butler/> ==Veneration== [[Image:Abbaye Saint-Victor (Marseille).jpg|thumb|150px|right|Abbey of St Victor]] Victor and the three other Roman soldiers he converted – Longinus, Alexander and Felician – were killed near the end of the 3rd century. In the 4th century, [[John Cassian]] built a [[monastery]] over the site where their bodies had been buried in a cave, which later became a [[Benedictine]] abbey and [[minor basilica]]. This is the [[Abbey of St Victor, Marseille|Abbey of St Victor]] (''Abbaye Saint-Victor''). Saint Victor's [[feast day]], along with Saints Longinus, Alexander and Felician, is celebrated on July 21. [[File:Saint Victor, Saint Nicholas, Saint George and the blackamoor, Tallin (ES).jpg|thumb|left|Saint Victor, [[Saint Nicholas]], [[Saint George]], and [[Saint Maurice]] at [[St. Nicholas Church, Tallinn]]]] == Patronage == Victor is the patron saint of [[Tallinn]], the capital of [[Estonia]].<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/1959116/ ''Puha Viktor-Tallinna kaitsepuhak. St. Victor -the patron saint of Tallinn.'']</ref> His life and martyrdom are celebrated in the scenes depicted on the high altar of [[St. Nicholas' Church, Tallinn]]. ==Notes== <references/> ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070624145027/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintv12.htm Victor of Marseilles] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Victor Of Marseille}} [[Category:3rd-century births]] [[Category:290 deaths]] [[Category:Ancient Massaliotes]] [[Category:3rd-century Christian martyrs]] [[Category:Gallo-Roman saints]]

1,276,246,376

[{"title": "Martyr", "data": {"Born": "3rd century AD", "Died": "c. 290 AD \u00b7 Marseille", "Venerated in": "Catholic Church \u00b7 Oriental Orthodox Church \u00b7 Eastern Orthodox Church", "Feast": "July 21", "Attributes": "Depicted as a Roman soldier with a millstone; depicted overthrowing a statue of Jupiter; in stocks, comforted by angels; scourged and crushed by a millstone; or with his body beheaded and flung into the river, from which the angels take it; depicted with windmill", "Patronage": "cabinetmakers, millers, torture victims, sick children; invoked against lightning"}}]

false

# Mary Adelaide Hare Mary Adelaide Hare (3 November 1865 – 5 November 1945) was a teacher of Deaf children and a suffragist who founded the Mary Hare School. ## Early life Mary Adelaide Hare was born on 3 November 1865 in Kentish Town, London, the sixth of eleven children of Adelaide, (née Rogers) and Thomas Hare, an engineering draughtsman. ## Teaching career Mary Hare trained at the Ealing Training College for Teachers of the Deaf, and taught there as a teacher-trainee. She later became a full-time teacher there, and remained an examiner there after her departure. In January 1885, Hare opened her own school for Deaf pupils within a private girls’ school run by three of her sisters in Upper Norwood. She took in a handful of students, some of them boarders, including one child from a poor family whom she taught for free. The school moved premises to Brighton in 1894, eventually settling at Burgess Hill, in 1916, where it was known as the Dene Hollow School for the Deaf. The school focused on the 'oral method,' teaching Deaf children to speak as well as sign, and attracted pupils from great distances away. ## Suffragist While in Brighton, Mary Hare chaired meetings of the Women's Social and Political Union and hosted WSPU events in her house. By 1913, she had become the secretary of the Brighton branch of the Women's Freedom League. She spoiled her 1911 census record as part of a WFL protest. ## Later positions and death During World War I she held a leadership role in the Brighton branch of the Women's Police Volunteers. She was the first woman to serve on the Burgess Hill Urban District Council (1919–1938) and the first woman chair of the National College of Teachers of the Deaf (1928). She died at her home in Dene Hollow on 5 November 1945. In 1946 the school was redesignated the Mary Hare Grammar School for the Deaf. ## Commemoration A blue plaque was erected in her memory in 2024 at St Michael's Place, Brighton, where she taught for six years at the end of the nineteenth century.

enwiki/75665079

enwiki

75,665,079

Mary Adelaide Hare

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Adelaide_Hare

2025-06-17T09:51:02Z

en

Q106383460

27,571

{{Short description|English teacher of the Deaf and suffragist}}{{Infobox person | name = Mary Adelaide Hare | birth_date = 3 November 1865 | death_date = {{Death date and age|1945|11|05|1865|11|03|df=y}} | known_for = Teacher of Deaf children, [[suffragist]], founder of [[Mary Hare School]]. }} '''Mary Adelaide Hare''' (3 November 1865 – 5 November 1945) was a teacher of Deaf children and a [[Suffrage|suffragist]] who founded the [[Mary Hare School]]. == Early life == Mary Adelaide Hare was born on 3 November 1865 in [[Kentish Town]], London, the sixth of eleven children of Adelaide, (''née'' Rogers) and Thomas Hare, an engineering draughtsman.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last1=Crawford |first1=Elizabeth |author-link=Elizabeth Crawford (historian) |date=2019 |title=Hare, Mary Adelaide (1865–1945), teacher of the deaf and campaigner for women's suffrage |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-369185 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |language=en |doi=10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.369185 |isbn=978-0-19-861412-8}}</ref> == Teaching career == Mary Hare trained at the Ealing Training College for Teachers of the Deaf, and taught there as a teacher-trainee. She later became a full-time teacher there, and remained an examiner there after her departure.<ref name=":0" /> In January 1885, Hare opened her own school for Deaf pupils within a private girls’ school run by three of her sisters in [[Upper Norwood]]. She took in a handful of students, some of them boarders, including one child from a poor family whom she taught for free.<ref name=":0" /> The school moved premises to [[Brighton]] in 1894, eventually settling at [[Burgess Hill]], in 1916, where it was known as the Dene Hollow School for the Deaf.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=The National |date=2022-11-16 |title=The National Archives - Mary Hare's Pioneering Establishment: The Dene Hollow Oral School for the Deaf |url=https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/the-dene-hollow-oral-school-for-the-deaf/ |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=The National Archives blog |language=en-GB}}</ref> The school focused on the 'oral method,' teaching Deaf children to speak as well as sign, and attracted pupils from great distances away.<ref>‘Unique Establishment at Burgess Hill’, Mid Sussex Times, 22 September 1925, p. 5.</ref> == Suffragist == While in Brighton, Mary Hare chaired meetings of the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] and hosted WSPU events in her house. By 1913, she had become the secretary of the Brighton branch of the [[Women's Freedom League]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crawford |first=Elizabeth |title=The Women's Suffrage Movement in Britain and Ireland: a Regional Survey |year=2006 |pages=196}}</ref> She spoiled her 1911 census record as part of a WFL protest.<ref name=":0" /> == Later positions and death == During World War I she held a leadership role in the Brighton branch of the [[Women's Police Service|Women's Police Volunteers]]. She was the first woman to serve on the Burgess Hill Urban District Council (1919–1938) and the first woman chair of the National College of Teachers of the Deaf (1928).<ref name=":0" /> She died at her home in Dene Hollow on 5 November 1945. In 1946 the school was redesignated the Mary Hare Grammar School for the Deaf.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-05 |title=History of Mary Hare |url=https://www.maryhare.org.uk/about-us/history-mary-hare |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=Mary Hare School |language=en}}</ref> == Commemoration == A blue plaque was erected in her memory in 2024 at St Michael's Place, Brighton, where she taught for six years at the end of the nineteenth century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-23 |title=Mary Hare: Brighton pioneer deaf teacher and suffragette honoured |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp6d9jx0041o |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hare, Mary Adelaide}} [[Category:1865 births]] [[Category:1945 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century English women educators]] [[Category:20th-century English educators]] [[Category:English suffragists]]

1,296,026,295

[{"title": "Mary Adelaide Hare", "data": {"Born": "3 November 1865", "Died": "5 November 1945 (aged 80)", "Known for": "Teacher of Deaf children, suffragist, founder of Mary Hare School."}}]

false

# Being Black in Halifax Being Black in Halifax is a Canadian documentary film and television series, which premiered in 2020 on CBC Television and CBC Gem. Created in conjunction with Fabienne Colas's Being Black in Canada foundation, the series selects several emerging filmmakers each year to create and produce short documentary films about Black Canadian life and experience in Halifax, Nova Scotia, which are screened at the Halifax Black Film Festival before being broadcast as an episode of the CBC's Absolutely Canadian series and streamed on CBC Gem. The series is a companion to Being Black in Toronto, a similar collaboration between the CBC and Colas' Toronto Black Film Festival. The four films in the 2020 series were Francesca Ekwuyasi's "Black + Belonging", Bradley Bright's "Normal", Latesha Auger's "The Journey of Self Love" and Harmony Adesola's "Youth Hiphop and Halifax". Four more films — "Farrin" by Lily Nottage, "The Search for Healing" by Tyler Simmonds, "A Passion Made New" by Dena Williams and "North Preston: The Untold Story" by Kardeisha Provo — were broadcast in 2021. Four new films, Guyleigh Johnson's "Scratching the Surface", Deborah Castrilli's "Framework", Tyus McSween's "Washed Up" and Jodell Stundon's "Finding a Way Out", premiered at HBFF in 2022. ## Awards At the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022, the series received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Documentary Program, and Nottage, Simmonds, Williams and Provo won for Best Direction in a Documentary Series. Johnson, Castrilli, McSween and Stundon were nominated for Best Direction in a Documentary Series at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023.

enwiki/70081886

enwiki

70,081,886

Being Black in Halifax

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Being_Black_in_Halifax

2025-05-15T17:20:19Z

en

Q111097643

15,240

{{short description|2020 Canadian documentary film and television series}} '''''Being Black in Halifax''''' is a Canadian documentary film and television series, which premiered in 2020 on [[CBC Television]] and [[CBC Gem]].<ref>Stephen Cooke, [https://www.saltwire.com/nova-scotia/lifestyles/local-talent-local-stories-get-a-boost-from-being-black-in-halifax-at-online-hbff-2021-554774/ "Local talent, local stories get a boost from Being Black in Halifax at online HBFF 2021"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', February 20, 2021.</ref> Created in conjunction with [[Fabienne Colas]]'s Being Black in Canada foundation, the series selects several emerging filmmakers each year to create and produce short documentary films about [[Black Canadian]] life and experience in [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]], [[Nova Scotia]], which are screened at the [[Halifax Black Film Festival]] before being broadcast as an episode of the CBC's ''[[Absolutely Canadian]]'' series and streamed on CBC Gem.<ref>[https://www.saltwire.com/nova-scotia/lifestyles/being-black-in-halifax-program-welcomes-five-new-local-filmmakers-534785/ "Being Black in Halifax program welcomes five new local filmmakers"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', December 24, 2020.</ref> The series is a companion to ''[[Being Black in Toronto]]'', a similar collaboration between the CBC and Colas' [[Toronto Black Film Festival]]. The four films in the 2020 series were [[Francesca Ekwuyasi]]'s "Black + Belonging", Bradley Bright's "Normal", Latesha Auger's "The Journey of Self Love" and Harmony Adesola's "Youth Hiphop and Halifax".<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/community/four-films-exploring-black-experiences-in-halifax-1.5792410 "Four Films Exploring Black Experiences in Halifax"]. CBC Nova Scotia, November 6, 2020.</ref> Four more films — "Farrin" by Lily Nottage, "The Search for Healing" by Tyler Simmonds, "A Passion Made New" by Dena Williams and "North Preston: The Untold Story" by Kardeisha Provo — were broadcast in 2021. Four new films, Guyleigh Johnson's "Scratching the Surface", Deborah Castrilli's "Framework", Tyus McSween's "Washed Up" and Jodell Stundon's "Finding a Way Out", premiered at HBFF in 2022.<ref>[https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/lifestyles/voices-and-visions-amplified-by-halifax-black-film-festival-feb-24-to-27-100687660/ "Voices and visions amplified by Halifax Black Film Festival Feb. 24 to 27"]. ''[[SaltWire Network]]'', February 1, 2022.</ref> ==Awards== At the [[10th Canadian Screen Awards]] in 2022, the series received a [[Canadian Screen Award]] nomination for Best Documentary Program,<ref>Brent Furdyk, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220215130202/https://etcanada.com/news/867531/2022-canadian-screen-awards-nominees-announced/ "2022 Canadian Screen Award Nominees Announced, ‘Sort Of’ & ‘Scarborough’ Lead The Pack"]. ''[[ET Canada]]'', February 15, 2022.</ref> and Nottage, Simmonds, Williams and Provo won for Best Direction in a Documentary Series.<ref>Greg David, [https://www.tv-eh.com/2022/04/06/corner-gas-animated-the-hardy-boys-mary-berg-and-canadas-drag-race-win-during-night-3-of-the-2022-canadian-screen-awards/ "Corner Gas Animated, The Hardy Boys, Mary Berg and Canada’s Drag Race win during Night 3 of the 2022 Canadian Screen Awards"]. ''TV, eh?'', April 6, 2022.</ref> Johnson, Castrilli, McSween and Stundon were nominated for Best Direction in a Documentary Series at the [[11th Canadian Screen Awards]] in 2023.<ref>Pat Mullen, [https://povmagazine.com/2023-canadian-screen-award-nominations-for-documentary/ "2023 Canadian Screen Award Nominations for Documentary"]. ''[[Point of View (magazine)|Point of View]]'', February 22, 2023.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:2020s Canadian documentary television series]] [[Category:2020 Canadian television series debuts]] [[Category:2020s Black Canadian television series]] [[Category:CBC Gem original programming]] [[Category:Canadian non-fiction web series]]

1,290,578,518

[]

false

# Stagecoach Buckaroo Stagecoach Buckaroo is a 1942 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and written by Al Martin. The film stars Johnny Mack Brown, Fuzzy Knight, Nell O'Day, Anne Nagel, Herbert Rawlinson and Glenn Strange. The film was released on February 13, 1942, by Universal Pictures. ## Cast - Johnny Mack Brown as Steve Hardin - Fuzzy Knight as Clem Clemmons - Nell O'Day as Molly Denton - Anne Nagel as Nina Kincaid - Herbert Rawlinson as Bill Kincaid - Glenn Strange as Breck Braddock - Henry Hall as Joseph Denton - Ernie Adams as Blinky - Lloyd Ingraham as Ezra Simpson - Frank Brownlee as Higgins - Jack C. Smith as Sheriff - Harry Tenbrook as Slatz - Blackie Whiteford as Hogan

enwiki/60280619

enwiki

60,280,619

Stagecoach Buckaroo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagecoach_Buckaroo

2025-04-12T03:32:53Z

en

Q62277577

53,761

{{short description|1942 film by Ray Taylor}} {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2021}} {{Use American English|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox film | name = Stagecoach Buckaroo | image = Stagecoach Buckaroo poster.jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Ray Taylor (director)|Ray Taylor]] | producer = Will Cowan | screenplay = [[Al Martin (screenwriter)|Al Martin]] | story = [[Arthur St. Claire]] | starring = [[Johnny Mack Brown]] [[Fuzzy Knight]] [[Nell O'Day]] [[Anne Nagel]] [[Herbert Rawlinson]] [[Glenn Strange]] | cinematography = Jerome Ash | editing = Maurice Wright | studio = [[Universal Pictures]] | distributor = Universal Pictures | released = {{Film date|1942|2|13}} | runtime = 58 minutes | country = United States | language = English }} '''''Stagecoach Buckaroo''''' is a 1942 American [[Western (genre)|Western]] film directed by [[Ray Taylor (director)|Ray Taylor]] and written by [[Al Martin (screenwriter)|Al Martin]]. The film stars [[Johnny Mack Brown]], [[Fuzzy Knight]], [[Nell O'Day]], [[Anne Nagel]], [[Herbert Rawlinson]] and [[Glenn Strange]]. The film was released on February 13, 1942, by [[Universal Pictures]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/91229/stagecoach-buckaroo |title=Stagecoach Buckaroo (1942) - Overview |publisher=Turner Classic Movies |date= |access-date=2019-03-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Hal Erickson |url=https://www.allmovie.com/movie/stagecoach-buckaroo-v111563 |title=Stagecoach Buckaroo (1942) - Ray Taylor |publisher=AllMovie |date= |accessdate=2019-03-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27477-STAGECOACH-BUCKAROO |title=Stagecoach Buckaroo |publisher=Catalog.afi.com |date= |accessdate=2019-03-20}}</ref> ==Plot== {{no plot|date=March 2019}} ==Cast== *[[Johnny Mack Brown]] as Steve Hardin *[[Fuzzy Knight]] as Clem Clemmons *[[Nell O'Day]] as Molly Denton *[[Anne Nagel]] as Nina Kincaid *[[Herbert Rawlinson]] as Bill Kincaid *[[Glenn Strange]] as Breck Braddock *Henry Hall as Joseph Denton *[[Ernie Adams (actor)|Ernie Adams]] as Blinky *[[Lloyd Ingraham]] as Ezra Simpson *[[Frank Brownlee]] as Higgins *Jack C. Smith as Sheriff *[[Harry Tenbrook]] as Slatz *[[Blackie Whiteford]] as Hogan ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * {{IMDb title|0035376|Stagecoach Buckaroo}} {{Ray Taylor (director)}} [[Category:1942 films]] [[Category:American Western (genre) films]] [[Category:1942 Western (genre) films]] [[Category:Universal Pictures films]] [[Category:Films directed by Ray Taylor]] [[Category:American black-and-white films]] [[Category:1940s English-language films]] [[Category:1940s American films]] [[Category:English-language Western (genre) films]]

1,285,176,463

[{"title": "Stagecoach Buckaroo", "data": {"Directed by": "Ray Taylor", "Screenplay by": "Al Martin", "Story by": "Arthur St. Claire", "Produced by": "Will Cowan", "Starring": "Johnny Mack Brown \u00b7 Fuzzy Knight \u00b7 Nell O'Day \u00b7 Anne Nagel \u00b7 Herbert Rawlinson \u00b7 Glenn Strange", "Cinematography": "Jerome Ash", "Edited by": "Maurice Wright", "Production \u00b7 company": "Universal Pictures", "Distributed by": "Universal Pictures", "Release date": "- February 13, 1942", "Running time": "58 minutes", "Country": "United States", "Language": "English"}}]

false

# Nimrod (writer) Nimrod Bena Djangrang (born 7 December 1959), better known by the pen name Nimrod, is a Chadian poet, novelist and essayist who currently lives in France. ## Life and work Nimrod was born in Koyom and completed primary and secondary school in Chad. In 1984 he moved to Abidjan in Ivory Coast, where he continued his studies and taught in middle and high schools. In 1991, he moved to France. He currently lives in Amiens, France, and teaches philosophy at the University of Picardy Jules Verne. He was the editor-in-chief of the journal Aleph, beth (1997–2000) and also the founder of the literary magazine Agotem. ## Bibliography ### Poetry - Pierre, poussière (Obsidiane, 1989) - Passage à l’infini (Obsidiane, 1999) - En saison, suivi de Pierre, poussière (Obsidiane, 2004) - Babel, Babylone (Obsidiane, 2010) - Sur les berges du Chari, district nord de la beauté (Bruno Doucey, 2016) - J'aurais un royaume en bois flottés : anthologie personnelle 1989–2016 (Gallimard, 2017) - Nébuleux trésor (Archétype, 2018) - Petit éloge de la lumière nature (Obsidiane, 2020) ### Novels, novellas and short stories - Les Jambes d’Alice (Actes Sud, 2001) - Le Départ (Actes Sud, 2005) - Le Bal des princes (Actes Sud, 2008) - L’Or des rivières (Actes Sud, 2010). The Rivers' Gold, trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Un balcon sur l’Algérois (Actes Sud, 2013) - L’enfant n'est pas mort (Bruno Doucey, 2017) - Gens de brume (Actes Sud, 2017) - La Traversée de Montparnasse (Gallimard, 2020) - Le temps liquide (Gallimard, 2021) ### Essays - Tombeau de Léopold Sédar Senghor (Le Temps qu’il fait, 2003). Léopold Sédar Senghor: In Memoriam, trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Léopold Sédar Senghor (Éditions Seghers, 2006). - La Nouvelle Chose française (Actes Sud, 2008). The New French Matter, partially trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in Nimrod: Selected Writings (2018) - Alan Tasso d'un chant solitaire (Les Blés d'or, 2010) - Visite à Aimé Césaire suivi de Aimé Césaire, le poème d'une vie (Obsidiane, 2013) - Léon-Gontran Damas, le poète jazzy (À dos d'âne, 2014) - L'Eau les choses les reflets : la peinture de Claire Bianchi (Claire Bianchi, 2018) ### Children's books - Rosa Parks, non à la discrimination raciale (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2008) - Aimé Césaire, non à l'humiliation (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2012). Aimé Césaire: No to Humiliation, trans. Emma Ramadan (Seven Stories Press, forthcoming). ### Compilations in English - Nimrod: Selected Writings, ed. Frieda Ekotto (University of Michigan Press, 2018) ## Awards and honours - 1989: Prix de la vocation en poésie - 1999: Prix Louise-Labé - 2008: Prix Ahmadou-Kourouma - 2008: Prix Benjamin-Fondane - 2008: Prix Édouard-Glissant - 2011: Prix Max-Jacob - 2016: Prix de poésie Pierrette-Micheloud - 2020: Prix Guillaume-Apollinaire

enwiki/77140485

enwiki

77,140,485

Nimrod (writer)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrod_(writer)

2024-08-17T03:04:27Z

en

Q3341908

33,084

{{Short description|Chadian writer (born 1959)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}} {{Infobox writer | name = Nimrod | image = Nimrod Benda Djangrang salon du livre 2012.jpg | caption = Nimrod in 2012 | native_name = | native_name_lang = | pseudonym = | birth_name = Nimrod Bena Djangrang | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1959|12|07|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Koyom]], Chad | occupation = | language = | education = | genre = }} '''Nimrod Bena Djangrang''' (born 7 December 1959), better known by the pen name '''Nimrod''', is a [[Demographics of Chad|Chadian]] poet, novelist and essayist who currently lives in [[France]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Akyeampong |first=Emmanuel Kwaku |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ |title=Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 4 |last2=Jr |first2=Professor Henry Louis Gates |date=2012-02-02 |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=978-0-19-538207-5 |pages=470–471 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nimrod {{!}} Spier Poetry |url=https://spierpoetryfestival.co.za/poet/nimrod/ |access-date=2024-06-12 |website=spierpoetryfestival.co.za}}</ref> == Life and work == Nimrod was born in [[Koyom]] and completed primary and secondary school in Chad. In 1984 he moved to [[Abidjan]] in [[Ivory Coast]], where he continued his studies and taught in middle and high schools. In 1991, he moved to France.<ref name=":0" /> He currently lives in [[Amiens]], France, and teaches philosophy at the [[University of Picardy Jules Verne]]. He was the editor-in-chief of the journal ''Aleph, beth'' (1997–2000)<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGowAQAAIAAJ |title=Aleph, beth |date=1997 |publisher=Association JUAF |language=fr}}</ref> and also the founder of the literary magazine ''Agotem''. == Bibliography == === Poetry === * ''Pierre, poussière'' (Obsidiane, 1989) * ''Passage à l’infini'' (Obsidiane, 1999) * ''En saison,'' suivi de ''Pierre, poussière'' (Obsidiane, 2004) * ''Babel, Babylone'' (Obsidiane, 2010) * ''Sur les berges du Chari, district nord de la beauté'' (Bruno Doucey, 2016) * ''J'aurais un royaume en bois flottés : anthologie personnelle 1989–2016'' (Gallimard, 2017) * ''Nébuleux trésor'' (Archétype, 2018) * ''Petit éloge de la lumière nature'' (Obsidiane, 2020) === Novels, novellas and short stories === * ''Les Jambes d’Alice'' (Actes Sud, 2001) * ''Le Départ'' (Actes Sud, 2005) * ''Le Bal des princes'' (Actes Sud, 2008) * ''L’Or des rivières'' (Actes Sud, 2010). ''The Rivers' Gold'', trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Un balcon sur l’Algérois'' (Actes Sud, 2013) * ''L’enfant n'est pas mort'' (Bruno Doucey, 2017) * ''Gens de brume'' (Actes Sud, 2017) * ''La Traversée de Montparnasse'' (Gallimard, 2020) * ''Le temps liquide'' (Gallimard, 2021) === Essays === * ''Tombeau de Léopold Sédar Senghor'' (Le Temps qu’il fait, 2003)''.'' ''Léopold Sédar Senghor: In Memoriam'', trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Léopold Sédar Senghor'' (Éditions Seghers, 2006). * ''La Nouvelle Chose française'' (Actes Sud, 2008). ''The New French Matter'', partially trans. Dawn M. Cornelio in ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'' (2018) * ''Alan Tasso d'un chant solitaire'' (Les Blés d'or, 2010) * ''Visite à Aimé Césaire'' suivi de ''Aimé Césaire, le poème d'une vie'' (Obsidiane, 2013) * ''Léon-Gontran Damas, le poète jazzy'' (À dos d'âne, 2014) * ''L'Eau les choses les reflets'' : ''la peinture de Claire Bianchi'' (Claire Bianchi, 2018) === Children's books === * ''Rosa Parks, non à la discrimination raciale'' (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2008) * ''Aimé Césaire, non à l'humiliation'' (Actes Sud Jeunesse, 2012). ''Aimé Césaire: No to Humiliation'', trans. Emma Ramadan (Seven Stories Press, forthcoming). === Compilations in English === * ''Nimrod: Selected Writings'', ed. [[Frieda Ekotto]] (University of Michigan Press, 2018) == Awards and honours == * 1989: Prix de la vocation en poésie * 1999: Prix Louise-Labé * 2008: [[Prix Ahmadou-Kourouma]] * 2008: Prix Benjamin-Fondane * 2008: Prix Édouard-Glissant * 2011: Prix Max-Jacob * 2016: Prix de poésie Pierrette-Micheloud * 2020: [[Prix Guillaume Apollinaire|Prix Guillaume-Apollinaire]] == References == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} [[Category:1959 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Academic staff of the University of Picardy Jules Verne]] [[Category:Chadian writers]] [[Category:Chadian poets]] [[Category:Pseudonymous writers]]

1,240,737,976

[{"title": "Nimrod", "data": {"Born": "Nimrod Bena Djangrang \u00b7 7 December 1959 \u00b7 Koyom, Chad"}}]

false

# Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the British Empire. The medal gradually superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire. In 1930, the medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal in an effort to standardise recognition across the Empire. ## Origin The Volunteer Long Service Medal was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks in the part-time Volunteer Force of the United Kingdom. In 1896, the grant of this medal was extended by Queen Victoria to members of Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and a separate new medal was instituted, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies. ## Institution The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria's Royal Warrant of 18 May 1899. This medal could be awarded to part-time members of all ranks in recognition of long service in any of the organised military forces of the Dominion of Canada, the Crown Colonies and the Protectorates, whether designated as militia or volunteers or otherwise. The medal superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire. Adoption of the medal by the Colonies took place gradually. In the Colonies which would become the Union of South Africa in 1910, for example, it was adopted by the Colony of Natal in 1900, the Cape of Good Hope in 1901 and the Transvaal Colony in 1906. In Canada and New Zealand, the medal was authorised in 1902. ## Award criteria The medal could be awarded for twenty years of service as a part-time member of any rank in any of the Colonial Auxiliary Forces. Qualifying service could be had by serving in the forces of more than one Colony or Protectorate. Service in the Militia and Volunteer Forces of the United Kingdom was also reckonable, so long as at least half of all qualifying service had been rendered in the forces of the Dominion, Colonies or Protectorates. Service on the West Coast of Africa counted as double time. Service on the permanent staff was not reckonable. Officers holding the medal who were subsequently awarded the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration were not required to surrender the medal, but were not permitted to wear it any more until such time as the full periods of service required for both decoration and medal were completed. On 25 January 1923, the Royal Warrant was amended in respect of part-time members who had actually served, or accepted the obligation of serving, beyond the boundaries of the Dominions, Colonies, Dependencies or Protectorates during the First World War. Such service on the active list was reckoned two-fold as qualifying service towards the requisite twenty years, whether such service was in the Naval Forces, Military Forces or Air Forces. ## Order of wear In the order of wear prescribed by the British Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence after the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and before the Medal for Good Shooting (Naval). ### South Africa With effect from 6 April 1952, when a new South African set of decorations and medals was instituted to replace the British awards used to date, the older British decorations and medals which were applicable to South Africa continued to be worn in the same order of precedence but, with the exception of the Victoria Cross, took precedence after all South African decorations and medals awarded to South Africans on or after that date. Of the official British medals which were applicable to South Africans, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence as shown. - Preceded by the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration (VD). - Succeeded by the Efficiency Decoration (South Africa) (ED). ## Description The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 1.42 inches (36 millimetres) in diameter, with a raised rim on each side. It is suspended from a plain, straight, swivelling silver bar, affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the rim. Obverse The obverse of the medal depicts the reigning monarch. Three obverse versions of the medal were struck. - The original Queen Victoria version of 1899 has a diademed and veiled (widowed) effigy of the Queen, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX". The initials "TB" of medallist Sir Thomas Brock KCB RA are in the field below the bust.[7][8][13] - The King Edward VII version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR". The initials "DES" of medallist George William de Saulles are in the field below the bust.[8][14] - The King George V version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1910, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and is circumscribed with the legend "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:". The initials "BM" of Australian medallist Sir Edgar Bertram Mackennal KCVO appear under the shoulder of the bust.[8] Reverse The reverse shows an ornamental shield bearing the legend "FOR LONG SERVICE IN THE COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES" in five lines. Above the shield is the Imperial Crown with a spray of oak leaves to the left and a spray of laurel to the right. Ribbon The ribbon is plain dark green and 1+1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide. The same ribbon was used for the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies and the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers Decoration. ## Discontinuation The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal on 23 September 1930 in an effort to standardise recognition for part-time service across the Empire by the award of one medal.

enwiki/47044112

enwiki

47,044,112

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Auxiliary_Forces_Long_Service_Medal

2025-05-27T19:41:54Z

en

Q20716647

382,503

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}} {{Use British English|date=July 2015}} {{Infobox military award | name = Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal | image = Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal (Victoria).jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Queen Victoria version | presenter = [[Queen Victoria|the Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Empress of India]] | country = [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px]] [[United Kingdom]] | type = Military long service medal | eligibility = All ranks of part-time Colonial Forces | awarded_for = Twenty years service | campaign = | status = Discontinued in 1930 | description = | motto = | clasps = | post-nominals = | established = 1899 | firstawarded = | lastawarded = 1931 | total_awarded = | total_awarded_posthumously = | total_recipients = | precedence_label = Order of Wear | individual = | higher = [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] | same = | lower = [[Naval Good Shooting Medal|Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)]] | related = [[Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies]] | image2 = [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png|x29px]] | caption2 = Ribbon bar }} The '''Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal''' was instituted by [[Queen Victoria]] in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the [[British Empire]]. The medal gradually superseded the [[Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies]] in all these territories, with the exception of the [[Isle of Man]], [[Bermuda]] and the [[British Raj|Indian Empire]].<ref name="LGaz1899">{{London Gazette|issue=27085|page=3517|date=2 June 1899}}</ref><ref name="Colonial">[http://www.geocities.ws/militaf/mil94.htm South African Medal Website – Colonial Military Forces] (Accessed 6 May 2015)</ref><ref name="Medaille">{{cite web|url=http://www.medal-medaille.com/product_info.php?products_id=11175 |title=Volunteer Force Long Service Medal (Colonies), King George V issue, 1911–1930, miniature |publisher= Medal-Medaille |date=6 February 2006 |access-date=7 April 2014}}</ref> In 1930, the medal, along with the [[Volunteer Long Service Medal]], the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the [[Militia Long Service Medal]], the [[Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal]] and the [[Territorial Efficiency Medal]], were superseded by the [[Efficiency Medal]] in an effort to standardise recognition across the Empire.<ref name="LGaz1930">{{London Gazette |issue=33653 |page=6311 |date=17 October 1930}}</ref> ==Origin== The [[Volunteer Long Service Medal]] was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks in the part-time Volunteer Force of the United Kingdom. In 1896, the grant of this medal was extended by Queen Victoria to members of Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and a separate new medal was instituted, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies.<ref name="Mayo495">{{cite book|last=Mayo|first=John Horsley|title=Medals and Decorations of the British Army and Navy, Vol. II, 1897 (No. 224. Volunteer Long Service, 1894.)|url=https://archive.org/stream/medalsdecoration02mayouoft#page/494/mode/2up|year=1897|publisher=A. Constable|page=495|location=London}}</ref><ref name="Mayo499">{{cite book|last=Mayo|first=John Horsley|title=Medals and Decorations of the British Army and Navy, Vol. II, 1897 (No. 225. Volunteer Long Service Medal for Indian and Colonial Forces, 1896.)|url=https://archive.org/stream/medalsdecoration02mayouoft#page/498/mode/2up|year=1897|publisher=A. Constable|page=499|location=London}}</ref> ==Institution== The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria's Royal Warrant of 18 May 1899. This medal could be awarded to part-time members of all ranks in recognition of long service in any of the organised military forces of the [[Canada|Dominion of Canada]], the [[Crown colony|Crown Colonies]] and the [[Protectorate#British protectorates|Protectorates]], whether designated as militia or volunteers or otherwise. The medal superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire.<ref name="LGaz1899"/> Adoption of the medal by the Colonies took place gradually. In the Colonies which would become the [[Union of South Africa]] in 1910, for example, it was adopted by the [[Colony of Natal]] in 1900, the [[Cape Colony|Cape of Good Hope]] in 1901 and the [[Transvaal Colony]] in 1906. In Canada and New Zealand, the medal was authorised in 1902.<ref name="Colonial"/><ref name="Birkenhead">[http://www.birkenheadrsa.com/medals-details.php?MedalNumber=685 Birkenhead Returned Services Association - Military Medals - The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705180739/http://www.birkenheadrsa.com/medals-details.php?MedalNumber=685 |date=5 July 2015 }} (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref><ref name="Canada">[http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/medals-decorations/service-medals/cafsm Veterans Affairs Canada - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref> ==Award criteria== The medal could be awarded for twenty years of service as a part-time member of any rank in any of the Colonial Auxiliary Forces. Qualifying service could be had by serving in the forces of more than one Colony or Protectorate. Service in the Militia and Volunteer Forces of the United Kingdom was also reckonable, so long as at least half of all qualifying service had been rendered in the forces of the Dominion, Colonies or Protectorates. Service on the West Coast of Africa counted as double time. Service on the permanent staff was not reckonable.<ref name="LGaz1899"/><ref name="LGaz1923">{{London Gazette|issue=32792|page=801|date=2 February 1923}}</ref> Officers holding the medal who were subsequently awarded the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration were not required to surrender the medal, but were not permitted to wear it any more until such time as the full periods of service required for both decoration and medal were completed.<ref name="LGaz1923"/> On 25 January 1923, the Royal Warrant was amended in respect of part-time members who had actually served, or accepted the obligation of serving, beyond the boundaries of the Dominions, Colonies, Dependencies or Protectorates during the [[World War I|First World War]]. Such service on the active list was reckoned two-fold as qualifying service towards the requisite twenty years, whether such service was in the Naval Forces, Military Forces or Air Forces.<ref name="LGaz1923"/> ==Order of wear== In the order of wear prescribed by the British [[Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood]], the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence after the [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] and before the [[Naval Good Shooting Medal|Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)]].<ref name="London Gazette">{{London Gazette|issue=56878|supp=y|page=3353|date=17 March 2003}}</ref> ===South Africa=== {{main|South African military decorations order of wear#Order of wear}} With effect from 6 April 1952, when a new South African set of decorations and medals was instituted to replace the British awards used to date, the older British decorations and medals which were applicable to South Africa continued to be worn in the same order of precedence but, with the exception of the [[Victoria Cross]], took precedence after all South African decorations and medals awarded to South Africans on or after that date. Of the official British medals which were applicable to South Africans, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal takes precedence as shown.<ref name="London Gazette"/><ref name="Notice1982">Government Notice no. 1982 of 1 October 1954 - ''Order of Precedence of Orders, Decorations and Medals'', published in the Government Gazette of 1 October 1954.</ref><ref name="Gazette 27376">Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, {{OCLC|72827981}}</ref> [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png|x37px|Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] [[File:Ribbon - Volunteer Long Service Medal.png|x37px|Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal]] [[File:Ribbon - Efficiency Decoration (South Africa).png|x37px|Efficiency Decoration (South Africa)]] * Preceded by the [[Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration]] (VD). * Succeeded by the [[Efficiency Decoration (South Africa)]] (ED). ==Description== [[File:Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal (Edward VII).jpg|thumb|King Edward VII version]] [[File:Colonial_Auxiliary_Forces_Long_Service_Medal_-_George_V_version.jpg|thumb|King George V version]] The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, {{convert|1.42|in|0|abbr=off}} in diameter, with a raised rim on each side. It is suspended from a plain, straight, swivelling silver bar, affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the rim.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia">[http://artilleryhistory.org/gunners_past_and_present/awards/colonial_auxiliary_forces_long_service_medal/colonial_auxiliary_forces_long_service_medal.html Royal Australian Artillery Historical Company - Defence Honours and Awards - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal] (Accessed 5 July 2015)</ref> ;Obverse The obverse of the medal depicts the reigning monarch. Three obverse versions of the medal were struck.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/> * The original Queen Victoria version of 1899 has a diademed and veiled (widowed) effigy of the Queen, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX". The initials "TB" of medallist [[Sir Thomas Brock]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath|KCB]] [[Royal Academy of Arts|RA]] are in the field below the bust.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia"/> * The [[Edward VII|King Edward VII]] version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR". The initials "DES" of medallist [[George William de Saulles]] are in the field below the bust.<ref name="Canada"/><ref name="MuseumVictoria">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130719204633/http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/1205817/medal-colonial-auxiliary-forces-long-service-medal-king-edward-vii-australia-1902-1910 Museum Victoria - Medal - Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, King Edward VII, Australia, 1902-1910] (Accessed 6 July 2015)</ref> * The [[George V|King George V]] version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1910, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and is circumscribed with the legend "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:". The initials "BM" of Australian medallist Sir [[Edgar Bertram Mackennal]] [[Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order|KCVO]] appear under the shoulder of the bust.<ref name="Canada"/> ;Reverse The reverse shows an ornamental shield bearing the legend "FOR LONG SERVICE IN THE COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES" in five lines. Above the shield is the Imperial Crown with a spray of oak leaves to the left and a spray of laurel to the right.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/><ref name="Australia"/><ref name="MuseumVictoria"/> ;Ribbon The ribbon is plain dark green and {{convert|1+1/4|in|0|abbr=off}} wide. The same ribbon was used for the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies and the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers Decoration.<ref name="Birkenhead"/><ref name="Canada"/> ==Discontinuation== The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal on 23 September 1930 in an effort to standardise recognition for part-time service across the Empire by the award of one medal.<ref name="LGaz1930"/> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} {{Efficiency and long service decorations and medals}} {{South African military decorations and medals}} {{Thomas Brock}} [[Category:Long and Meritorious Service Medals of Britain and the Commonwealth]] [[Category:Military awards and decorations of Australia]] [[Category:Military awards and decorations of Canada]] [[Category:New Zealand Meritorious & Long Service Awards]] [[Category:Military decorations and medals of South Africa pre-1952]] [[Category:Awards established in 1899]]

1,292,584,663

[{"title": "Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal", "data": {"Type": "Military long service medal", "Awarded for": "Twenty years service", "Country": "United Kingdom", "Presented by": "the Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Empress of India", "Eligibility": "All ranks of part-time Colonial Forces", "Status": "Discontinued in 1930", "Established": "1899", "Final award": "1931"}}, {"title": "Order of Wear", "data": {"Next (higher)": "Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration", "Next (lower)": "Medal for Good Shooting (Naval)", "Related": "Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies"}}]

false

# 1998–99 Birmingham City F.C. season The 1998–99 season was Birmingham City Football Club's 96th in the Football League. They finished in fourth place in the Football League First Division, qualifying for the promotion play-offs, in which they were eliminated in the semi-final by Watford in a penalty shootout. Birmingham lost to Leicester City in the third round of the FA Cup and to Wimbledon in the third round of the Football League Cup. ## Football League First Division ### Match details | Date | League position | Opponents | Venue | Result | Score F–A | Scorers | Attendance | Report | | ----------------- | --------------- | ----------------------- | ----- | ------ | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | | 8 August 1998 | 1st | Port Vale | A | W | 2–0 | Furlong 21', Adebola 68' | 10,465 | [ 2 ] | | 16 August 1998 | 1st | Crystal Palace | H | W | 3–1 | Adebola 12', O'Connor 29' pen., Forster 90' | 16,699 | [ 2 ] | | 22 August 1998 | 2nd | Sheffield United | A | W | 2–0 | Adebola 55', Forster 81' | 17,528 | [ 2 ] | | 29 August 1998 | 4th | Barnsley | H | D | 0–0 | | 19,825 | [ 2 ] | | 31 August 1998 | 5th | Bradford City | A | L | 1–2 | Ndlovu 56' | 13,910 | [ 2 ] | | 8 September 1998 | 3rd | Bury | H | W | 1–0 | Adebola 20' | 15,935 | [ 2 ] | | 5 September 1998 | 1st | Stockport County | H | W | 2–0 | Marsden 15', Hughes 67' | 16,429 | [ 2 ] | | 12 September 1998 | 2nd | Bolton Wanderers | A | L | 1–3 | Rowett 40' | 19,637 | [ 2 ] | | 19 September 1998 | 3rd | Grimsby Town | H | L | 0–1 | | 17,563 | [ 2 ] | | 26 September 1998 | 7th | Norwich City | A | L | 0–2 | | 16,584 | [ 2 ] | | 29 September 1998 | 5th | Portsmouth | A | W | 1–0 | O'Connor 59 pen. | 11,843 | [ 2 ] | | 3 October 1998 | 4th | Tranmere Rovers | H | D | 2–2 | M. Johnson 40', Ndlovu 72' | 17,189 | [ 2 ] | | 10 October 1998 | 3rd | Watford | A | D | 1–1 | Adebola 22' | 10,096 | [ 2 ] | | 17 October 1998 | 2nd | Crewe Alexandra | H | W | 3–1 | Ndlovu 8', O'Connor 43' pen., Furlong 53' | 20,087 | [ 2 ] | | 20 October 1998 | 2nd | Swindon Town | H | D | 1–1 | Marsden 58' | 19,485 | [ 2 ] | | 25 October 1998 | 2nd | Queens Park Rangers | A | W | 1–0 | Adebola 6' | 10,272 | [ 2 ] | | 31 October 1998 | 1st | Huddersfield Town | H | D | 1–1 | Ndlovu 53' | 19,170 | [ 2 ] | | 7 November 1998 | 3rd | West Bromwich Albion | A | W | 3–1 | Ndlovu 5', 34', Adebola 12' | 19,472 | [ 2 ] | | 14 November 1998 | 4th | Oxford United | H | L | 0–1 | | 18,216 | [ 2 ] | | 22 November 1998 | 8th | Wolverhampton Wanderers | A | L | 1–3 | Furlong 21' | 23,037 | [ 2 ] | | 28 November 1998 | 4th | Bristol City | H | W | 4–2 | M. Johnson 5', Ndlovu 11', Forster (2) 42', 72' | 17,577 | [ 2 ] | | 5 December 1998 | 7th | Ipswich Town | A | L | 0–1 | | 15,901 | [ 2 ] | | 12 December 1998 | 4th | Oxford United | A | W | 7–1 | Rowett (2) 16', 31', Furlong (2) 17', 43', Grainger 55', Ndlovu 72', Hughes 89' | 7,189 | [ 2 ] | | 19 December 1998 | 7th | Sunderland | H | D | 0–0 | | 22,095 | [ 2 ] | | 26 December 1998 | 4th | Sheffield United | H | W | 1–0 | Furlong 20' pen. | 22,005 | [ 2 ] | | 28 December 1998 | 3rd | Bury | A | W | 4–2 | Furlong (2) 32', 56', O'Connor 35', Adebola 74' | 7,024 | [ 2 ] | | 9 January 1999 | 2nd | Port Vale | H | W | 1–0 | Furlong 25' | 18,632 | [ 3 ] | | 16 January 1999 | 4th | Barnsley | A | D | 0–0 | | 17,114 | [ 2 ] | | 31 January 1999 | 4th | Bradford City | H | W | 2–1 | Furlong (2) 45', 90' pen. | 19,291 | [ 2 ] | | 6 February 1999 | 5th | Crystal Palace | A | D | 1–1 | Furlong 50' pen. | 15,996 | [ 2 ] | | 13 February 1999 | 5th | Stockport County | A | L | 0–1 | | 9,056 | [ 2 ] | | 21 February 1999 | 5th | Bolton Wanderers | H | D | 0–0 | | 26,051 | [ 2 ] | | 27 February 1999 | 5th | Grimsby Town | A | W | 3–0 | Ndlovu 36', Adebola 85', Rowett 90' | 7,807 | [ 2 ] | | 2 March 1999 | 5th | Norwich City | H | D | 0–0 | | 20,749 | [ 2 ] | | 6 March 1999 | 4th | Portsmouth | H | W | 4–1 | Adebola (2) 26', 60', Forster 50', Hughes 84' | 20,617 | [ 2 ] | | 9 March 1999 | 4th | Tranmere Rovers | A | W | 1–0 | M. Johnson 46' | 7,184 | [ 2 ] | | 13 March 1999 | 4th | West Bromwich Albion | H | W | 4–0 | Adebola (2) 24', 62', Ndlovu 50', Grainger 88' | 29,060 | [ 2 ] | | 20 March 1999 | 4th | Huddersfield Town | A | D | 1–1 | M. Johnson 47' | 14,667 | [ 2 ] | | 2 April 1999 | 4th | Crewe Alexandra | A | D | 0–0 | | 5,582 | [ 2 ] | | 5 April 1999 | 4th | Watford | H | L | 1–2 | Holdsworth 87' | 24,877 | [ 2 ] | | 10 April 1999 | 4th | Swindon Town | A | W | 1–0 | Rowett 83' | 8,896 | [ 2 ] | | 17 April 1999 | 4th | Wolverhampton Wanderers | H | L | 0–1 | | 28,143 | [ 2 ] | | 20 April 1999 | 4th | Queens Park Rangers | H | W | 1–0 | Forinton 85' | 20,888 | [ 2 ] | | 24 April 1999 | 4th | Bristol City | A | W | 2–1 | Grainger 48' pen., Ndlovu 70' | 15,845 | [ 2 ] | | 2 May 1999 | 4th | Ipswich Town | H | W | 1–0 | Furlong 60' | 27,685 | [ 2 ] | | 9 May 1999 | 4th | Sunderland | A | L | 1–2 | Grainger 38' | 41,634 | [ 2 ] | ### League table (part) | Pos | Club | Pld | W | D | L | F | A | GD | Pts | | ------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 2nd | Bradford City | 46 | 26 | 9 | 11 | 82 | 47 | +35 | 87 | | 3rd | Ipswich Town | 46 | 26 | 8 | 12 | 69 | 32 | +37 | 86 | | 4th | Birmingham City | 46 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 66 | 37 | +29 | 81 | | 5th | Watford | 46 | 21 | 14 | 11 | 65 | 56 | +9 | 77 | | 6th | Bolton Wanderers | 46 | 20 | 16 | 10 | 78 | 59 | +19 | 76 | | Key | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | Pos = League position; Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GD = Goal difference; Pts = Points | | Source | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | [ 4 ] | ### Results summary | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | | ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | | 46 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 66 | 37 | +29 | 81 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 32 | 15 | +17 | 11 | 5 | 7 | 34 | 22 | +12 | Source: ### Play-offs | Round | Date | Opponents | Venue | Result | Score F–A | Scorers | Attendance | Report | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | --------- | ----- | ------ | ------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ------ | | Semifinal 1st leg | 16 May 1999 | Watford | A | L | 0–1 | | 18,535 | [ 2 ] | | Semifinal 2nd leg | 20 May 1999 | Watford | H | W | 1–0 1–1 agg. | Adebola 2' | 29,100 | [ 2 ] | | Watford won 7–6 on penalties. Birmingham scorers: Grainger, Rowett, Bradbury, Hughes, Purse, Poole. | | | | | | | | | ## FA Cup | Round | Date | Opponents | Venue | Result | Score F–A | Scorers | Attendance | Report | | ----------- | -------------- | -------------- | ----- | ------ | --------- | ------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | | Third round | 2 January 1999 | Leicester City | A | L | 2–4 | Robinson 35', Adebola 89' | 19,846 | [ 2 ] | ## League Cup | Round | Date | Opponents | Venue | Result | Score F–A | Scorers | Attendance | Report | | -------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------- | ----- | ------ | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | | First round 1st leg | 11 August 1998 | Millwall | H | W | 2–0 | Adebola 70', M. Johnson 87' | 14,133 | [ 2 ] | | First round 2nd leg | 19 August 1998 | Millwall | A | D | 1–1 3–1 agg. | Adebola 45' | 4,478 | [ 2 ] | | Second round 1st leg | 15 September 1998 | Macclesfield Town | A | W | 3–0 | Forster 66', Marsden 70', Rowett 89' | 2,275 | | | Second round 2nd leg | 22 September 1998 | Macclesfield Town | H | W | 6–0 9–0 agg. | Ndlovu (2) 7', 19', Askey 37' o.g., Marsden 57', Rowett 66', M. Johnson 89' | 3,443 | [ 2 ] | | Third round | 28 October 1998 | Wimbledon | H | L | 1–2 | Marsden 34' | 11,845 | [ 2 ] | ## Transfers ### In | Date | Player | Club | Fee | Ref | | ---------------- | ---------------- | ------------------- | -------- | ----- | | 13 August 1998 | Gary Rowett | Derby County | £1m | | | 10 December 1998 | Simon Marsh | Oxford United | £250,000 | | | 4 February 1999 | Graham Hyde | Sheffield Wednesday | Free | [ 5 ] | | 23 March 1999 | David Holdsworth | Sheffield United | £1.25m | | ### Out | Date | Player | Fee | Joined | Ref | | --------------- | ------------- | ----------- | ---------------- | ----- | | 2 July 1998 | Steve Bruce | c. £200,000 | Sheffield United | [ 6 ] | | 23 October 1998 | Steve Barnes | Free | Barnet | | | 13 January 1999 | Paul Tait | Free | Oxford United | [ 7 ] | | 1 February 1999 | Chris Marsden | £800,000 | Southampton | | | 22 June 1999 | Nicky Forster | £650,000 | Reading | [ 8 ] | ### Loan in | Date | Player | Club | Return | Ref | | ---------------- | ------------ | -------------- | --------------- | ------ | | 19 December 1998 | Fumaça | Catuense | 27 January 1999 | [ 9 ] | | 25 March 1999 | Lee Bradbury | Crystal Palace | End of season | [ 10 ] | ## Appearances and goals Numbers in parentheses denote appearances made as a substitute. Players with name in italics and marked * were on loan from another club for the whole of their season with Birmingham. Players marked † left the club during the playing season. Players listed with no appearances have been in the matchday squad but only as unused substitutes. Key to positions: GK – Goalkeeper; DF – Defender; MF – Midfielder; FW – Forward | Pos. | Nat. | Name | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Play-offs | Play-offs | Total | Total | Discipline | Discipline | | Pos. | Nat. | Name | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | A yellow rectangle, denoting the yellow penalty card shown to a player being cautioned | A red rectangle, denoting the red penalty card shown to a player being sent off | | ---- | ---- | ---------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ---------- | ---------- | --------- | --------- | ------- | ----- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | GK | ENG | Ian Bennett | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | GK | ENG | Kevin Poole | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Gary Ablett | 23 (3) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 (3) | 0 | 1 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Jon Bass | 9 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 (2) | 0 | 2 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Simon Charlton | 27 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 (1) | 0 | 4 | 1 | | DF | ENG | Jerry Gill | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Martin Grainger | 30 (10) | 4 | 0 (1) | 0 | 2 (1) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 34 (12) | 4 | 11 | 0 | | DF | ENG | David Holdsworth | 8 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 10 (1) | 0 | 4 | 1 | | DF | JAM | Michael Johnson | 43 (3) | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 50 (3) | 6 | 6 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Simon Marsh | 6 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Darren Purse | 11 (9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (1) | 0 | 0 (1) | 0 | 13 (11) | 0 | 2 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Simon Rea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Gary Rowett | 42 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 49 | 7 | 5 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Darren Wassall | 0 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | MF | GER | Tony Hey | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | MF | ENG | Chris Holland | 7 (6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 9 (11) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | MF | ENG | Bryan Hughes | 20 (8) | 3 | 0 (1) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 22 (10) | 3 | 2 | 0 | | DF | ENG | Graham Hyde | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 4 | 1 | | MF | ENG | Chris Marsden † | 20 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 5 | 4 | 0 | | MF | NIR | Jon McCarthy | 35 (8) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 43 (8) | 0 | 6 | 0 | | MF | CAY | Martyn O'Connor | 35 (2) | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 42 (2) | 4 | 7 | 0 | | MF | ENG | Steve Robinson | 20 (11) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 (11) | 1 | 1 | 0 | | FW | NGA | Dele Adebola | 33 (6) | 13 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 (1) | 1 | 39 (7) | 17 | 3 | 0 | | FW | ENG | Lee Bradbury * | 6 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 7 (2) | 0 | 1 | 0 | | FW | ENG | Howard Forinton | 0 (3) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) | 1 | 0 | 0 | | FW | ENG | Nicky Forster | 8 (24) | 5 | 0 (1) | 0 | 2 (2) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 (27) | 6 | 0 | 0 | | FW | ENG | Paul Furlong | 24 (5) | 13 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 28 (5) | 13 | 4 | 0 | | FW | ENG | Andrew Johnson | 0 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (5) | 0 | 2 | 0 | | FW | ZIM | Peter Ndlovu | 37 (6) | 11 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 1 (1) | 0 | 43 (7) | 13 | 3 | 1 | | Pos. | Nat. | Name | | ---- | ---- | -------------- | | MF | ENG | Steve Barnes † | | MF | ENG | Paul Tait † | | MF | BRA | Fumaça * |

enwiki/33338404

enwiki

33,338,404

1998–99 Birmingham City F.C. season

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%E2%80%9399_Birmingham_City_F.C._season

2025-06-08T17:48:11Z

en

Q4594231

247,658

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}} {{Use British English|date=December 2014}} {{Infobox football club season | club = Birmingham City F.C. | season = 1998–99 | manager = [[Trevor Francis]] | chairman = [[David Gold (businessman)|David Gold]] | stdtitle = Ground | stadium = [[St Andrew's (stadium)|St Andrew's]] | league = [[1998–99 Football League|Division One]] | league result = 4th | cup1 = [[Football League Championship play-offs#1999|Play-offs]] | cup1 result = Semi-final (eliminated by [[Watford F.C.|Watford]]) | cup2 = [[1998–99 FA Cup|FA Cup]] | cup2 result = Third round (eliminated by [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]) | cup3 = [[1998–99 Football League Cup|League Cup]] | cup3 result = Third round (eliminated by [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]]) | league topscorer = [[Dele Adebola]], [[Paul Furlong]] (13) | season topscorer = Dele Adebola (17) | highest attendance = 29,100 vs Watford, play-off semi-final, 20 May 1999 | lowest attendance = 3,443 vs [[Macclesfield Town F.C.|Macclesfield Town]], League Cup 2nd round, 22 September 1998 | average attendance = 20,794<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.european-football-statistics.co.uk/attnclub/birc.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719102809/http://www.european-football-statistics.co.uk/attnclub/birc.htm |title=English historical attendance and performance: Birmingham City |publisher=European Football Statistics |archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref> | pattern_la1=_whiteborder|pattern_b1=_collarwhite|pattern_ra1=_whiteborder|pattern_sh1=_bluesides|pattern_so1=_whitetop|leftarm1=0000ff|body1=0000ff|rightarm1=0000ff|shorts1=|socks1=0000ff| | prevseason = [[1997–98 Birmingham City F.C. season|1997–98]] | nextseason = [[1999–2000 Birmingham City F.C. season|1999–2000]] }} The [[1998–99 Football League|1998–99 season]] was [[Birmingham City Football Club]]'s 96th in [[the Football League]]. They finished in fourth place in the [[Football League First Division]], qualifying for the [[Football League Championship play-offs#1999|promotion play-offs]], in which they were eliminated in the semi-final by [[Watford F.C.|Watford]] in a [[penalty shootout (association football)|penalty shootout]]. Birmingham lost to [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]] in the third round of the [[FA Cup]] and to [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]] in the third round of the [[Football League Cup]]. ==Football League First Division== {{main|1998–99 Football League}} ===Match details=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |- !scope="col"|Date!!scope="col"|League position!!scope="col"|Opponents !scope="col"|Venue!!scope="col"|Result!!scope="col"|Score F–A!!scope="col"|Scorers !scope="col"|Attendance!!scope="col"|Report |- !scope="row"|8 August 1998 |1st||align="left"|[[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]]||[[Vale Park|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–0||align="left"|[[Paul Furlong|Furlong]] 21', [[Dele Adebola|Adebola]] 68' |10,465 |<ref name=Reports>{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522233822/http://www.sportinglife.com/football/cc_championship/birmingham/reports/birmingham_1998.html |url=http://www.sportinglife.com/football/cc_championship/birmingham/reports/birmingham_1998.html |title=Birmingham City Reports – 1998–1999 |website=sportinglife.com |publisher=365 Media Group |archive-date=22 May 2012}} Individual match reports are linked from this page.</ref> |- !scope="row"|16 August 1998 |1st||align="left"|[[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||3–1||align="left"|Adebola 12', [[Martin O'Connor (footballer)|O'Connor]] 29' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]], [[Nicky Forster|Forster]] 90' |16,699 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|22 August 1998 |2nd||align="left"|[[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]||[[Bramall Lane|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–0||align="left"|Adebola 55', Forster 81' |17,528 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|29 August 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |19,825 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|31 August 1998 |5th||align="left"|[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]||[[Valley Parade|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–2||align="left"|[[Peter Ndlovu|Ndlovu]] 56' |13,910 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|8 September 1998 |3rd||align="left"|[[Bury F.C.|Bury]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Adebola 20' |15,935 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|5 September 1998 |1st||align="left"|[[Stockport County F.C.|Stockport County]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–0||align="left"|[[Chris Marsden|Marsden]] 15', [[Bryan Hughes|Hughes]] 67' |16,429 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|12 September 1998 |2nd||align="left"|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.|Bolton Wanderers]]||[[Reebok Stadium|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–3||align="left"|[[Gary Rowett|Rowett]] 40' |19,637 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|19 September 1998 |3rd||align="left"|[[Grimsby Town F.C.|Grimsby Town]]||H |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |17,563 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|26 September 1998 |7th||align="left"|[[Norwich City F.C.|Norwich City]]||A |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–2|| |16,584 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|29 September 1998 |5th||align="left"|[[Portsmouth F.C.|Portsmouth]]||[[Fratton Park|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|O'Connor 59 [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]] |11,843 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|3 October 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Tranmere Rovers F.C.|Tranmere Rovers]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||2–2||align="left"|[[Michael Johnson (footballer born 1973)|M. Johnson]] 40', Ndlovu 72' |17,189 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|10 October 1998 |3rd||align="left"|[[Watford F.C.|Watford]]||[[Vicarage Road|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1||align="left"|Adebola 22' |10,096 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|17 October 1998 |2nd||align="left"|[[Crewe Alexandra F.C.|Crewe Alexandra]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||3–1||align="left"|Ndlovu 8', O'Connor 43' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]], Furlong 53' |20,087 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|20 October 1998 |2nd||align="left"|[[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1||align="left"|Marsden 58' |19,485 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|25 October 1998 |2nd||align="left"|[[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]]||[[Loftus Road|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Adebola 6' |10,272 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|31 October 1998 |1st||align="left"|[[Huddersfield Town F.C.|Huddersfield Town]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1||align="left"|Ndlovu 53' |19,170 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|7 November 1998 |3rd||align="left"|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]||[[The Hawthorns|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||3–1||align="left"|Ndlovu 5', 34', Adebola 12' |19,472 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|14 November 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Oxford United F.C.|Oxford United]]||H |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |18,216 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|22 November 1998 |8th||align="left"|[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]]||[[Molineux Stadium|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–3||align="left"|Furlong 21' |23,037 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|28 November 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||4–2||align="left"|M. Johnson 5', Ndlovu 11', Forster (2) 42', 72' |17,577 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|5 December 1998 |7th||align="left"|[[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]||[[Portman Road|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |15,901 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|12 December 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Oxford United F.C.|Oxford United]]||[[Manor Ground, Oxford|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||7–1||align="left"|Rowett (2) 16', 31', Furlong (2) 17', 43', [[Martin Grainger|Grainger]] 55', Ndlovu 72', Hughes 89' |7,189 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|19 December 1998 |7th||align="left"|[[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |22,095 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|26 December 1998 |4th||align="left"|[[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Furlong 20' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]] |22,005 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|28 December 1998 |3rd||align="left"|[[Bury F.C.|Bury]]||[[Gigg Lane|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||4–2||align="left"|Furlong (2) 32', 56', O'Connor 35', Adebola 74' |7,024 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|9 January 1999 |2nd||align="left"|[[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Furlong 25' |18,632 |<ref>{{cite news |url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:BEM1&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=138E640E998BF290&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815 |title=Blues do it hard way – again |newspaper=Evening Mail |location=Birmingham |date=11 January 1999 |access-date=19 June 2013}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|16 January 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]]||[[Oakwell|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |17,114 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|31 January 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–1||align="left"|Furlong (2) 45', 90' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]] |19,291 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|6 February 1999 |5th||align="left"|[[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]||[[Selhurst Park|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1||align="left"|Furlong 50' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]] |15,996 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|13 February 1999 |5th||align="left"|[[Stockport County F.C.|Stockport County]]||[[Edgeley Park|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |9,056 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|21 February 1999 |5th||align="left"|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.|Bolton Wanderers]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |26,051 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|27 February 1999 |5th||align="left"|[[Grimsby Town F.C.|Grimsby Town]]||[[Blundell Park|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||3–0||align="left"|Ndlovu 36', Adebola 85', Rowett 90' |7,807 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|2 March 1999 |5th||align="left"|[[Norwich City F.C.|Norwich City]]||H |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |20,749 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|6 March 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Portsmouth F.C.|Portsmouth]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||4–1||align="left"|Adebola (2) 26', 60', Forster 50', Hughes 84' |20,617 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|9 March 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Tranmere Rovers F.C.|Tranmere Rovers]]||[[Prenton Park|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|M. Johnson 46' |7,184 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|13 March 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||4–0||align="left"|Adebola (2) 24', 62', Ndlovu 50', Grainger 88' |29,060 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|20 March 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Huddersfield Town F.C.|Huddersfield Town]]||[[McAlpine Stadium|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1||align="left"|M. Johnson 47' |14,667 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|2 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Crewe Alexandra F.C.|Crewe Alexandra]]||[[Gresty Road|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||0–0|| |5,582 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|5 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Watford F.C.|Watford]]||H |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–2||align="left"|[[David Holdsworth|Holdsworth]] 87' |24,877 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|10 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]]||[[County Ground, Swindon|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Rowett 83' |8,896 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|17 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]]||H |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |28,143 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|20 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|[[Howard Forinton|Forinton]] 85' |20,888 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|24 April 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]]||[[Ashton Gate Stadium|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–1||align="left"|Grainger 48' [[Penalty kick (association football)|pen.]], Ndlovu 70' |15,845 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|2 May 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0||align="left"|Furlong 60' |27,685 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|9 May 1999 |4th||align="left"|[[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]]||[[Stadium of Light|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–2||align="left"|Grainger 38' |41,634 |<ref name=Reports/> |} ===League table (part)=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Final Division One table (part) !scope="col"|Pos !scope="col"|Club !scope="col"|Pld !scope="col"|W !scope="col"|D !scope="col"|L !scope="col"|F !scope="col"|A !scope="col"|GD !scope="col"|Pts |- !scope="row"|2nd |align="left"|[[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]]||46||26||9||11||82||47||+35||87 |- !scope="row"|3rd |align="left"|[[Ipswich Town F.C.|Ipswich Town]]||46||26||8||12||69||32||+37||86 |- style="font-weight:bold" !scope="row"|4th |align="left"|[[Birmingham City F.C.|Birmingham City]]||46||23||12||11||66||37||+29||81 |- !scope="row"|5th |align="left"|[[Watford F.C.|Watford]]||46||21||14||11||65||56||+9||77 |- !scope="row"|6th |align="left"|[[Bolton Wanderers F.C.|Bolton Wanderers]]||46||20||16||10||78||59||+19||76 |- !scope="row"|Key |colspan="9"|'''Pos''' = League position; '''Pld''' = Matches played; '''W''' = Matches won; '''D''' = Matches drawn; '''L''' = Matches lost; '''F''' = Goals for; '''A''' = Goals against; '''GD''' = [[Goal difference]]; '''Pts''' = Points |- !scope="row"|Source |colspan="9"|<ref name=FinalTable>{{cite web |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/birmingham-city/1998-1999/table |title=Birmingham City 1998–1999 : English Division One Table |publisher=Statto Organisation |access-date=4 October 2011}}</ref> |} ===Results summary=== {{Fb_rs |hw=12 |hd=7 |hl=4 |hgf=32 |hga=15 |aw=11 |ad=5 |al=7 |agf=34 |aga=22 }} {{Fb rs footer|s=<ref name=FinalTable/>|date=March 2012}} ===Play-offs=== {{main|Football League Championship play-offs#1999}} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |- !scope="col"|Round !scope="col"|Date!!scope="col"|Opponents!!scope="col"|Venue !scope="col"|Result!!scope="col"|Score F–A!!scope="col"|Scorers !scope="col"|Attendance!!scope="col"|Report |- !scope="row"|Semifinal 1st leg |align="left"|16 May 1999||align="left"|[[Watford F.C.|Watford]]||[[Vicarage Road|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||0–1|| |18,535 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|Semifinal 2nd leg |align="left"|20 May 1999||align="left"|Watford||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||1–0 1–1 [[aggregate score|agg.]]||align="left"|[[Dele Adebola|Adebola]] 2' |29,100 |<ref name=Reports/> |- |colspan=8|Watford won 7–6 on [[penalty shootout|penalties]]. Birmingham scorers: Grainger, Rowett, Bradbury, Hughes, Purse, Poole. |} ==FA Cup== {{Main|1998–99 FA Cup}} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |- !scope="col"|Round !scope="col"|Date!!scope="col"|Opponents!!scope="col"|Venue !scope="col"|Result!!scope="col"|Score F–A!!scope="col"|Scorers !scope="col"|Attendance!!scope="col"|Report |- !scope="row"|Third round |align="left"|2 January 1999||align="left"|[[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]||[[Filbert Street|A]] |style="background:#fcc"|L||2–4||align="left"|[[Steve Robinson (English footballer)|Robinson]] 35', [[Dele Adebola|Adebola]] 89' |19,846 |<ref name=Reports/> |} ==League Cup== {{Main|1998–99 Football League Cup}} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |- !scope="col"|Round !scope="col"|Date!!scope="col"|Opponents!!scope="col"|Venue !scope="col"|Result!!scope="col"|Score F–A!!scope="col"|Scorers !scope="col"|Attendance!!scope="col"|Report |- !scope="row"|First round 1st leg |align="left"|11 August 1998||align="left"|[[Millwall F.C.|Millwall]]||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||2–0||align="left"|[[Dele Adebola|Adebola]] 70', [[Michael Johnson (footballer born 1973)|M. Johnson]] 87' |14,133 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|First round 2nd leg |align="left"|19 August 1998||align="left"|Millwall||[[The Den|A]] |style="background:#ffc"|D||1–1 3–1 [[aggregate score|agg.]]||align="left"|Adebola 45' |4,478 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|Second round 1st leg |align="left"|15 September 1998||align="left"|[[Macclesfield Town F.C.|Macclesfield Town]]||[[Moss Rose|A]] |style="background:#cfc"|W||3–0||align="left"|[[Nicky Forster|Forster]] 66', [[Chris Marsden|Marsden]] 70', [[Gary Rowett|Rowett]] 89' |2,275 | |- !scope="row"|Second round 2nd leg |align="left"|22 September 1998||align="left"|Macclesfield Town||H |style="background:#cfc"|W||6–0 9–0 [[aggregate score|agg.]]||align="left"|[[Peter Ndlovu|Ndlovu]] (2) 7', 19', [[John Askey|Askey]] 37' [[own goal|o.g.]], Marsden 57', Rowett 66', M. Johnson 89' |3,443 |<ref name=Reports/> |- !scope="row"|Third round |align="left"|28 October 1998||align="left"|[[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]]||H |style="background:#fcc"|L||1–2||align="left"|Marsden 34' |11,845 |<ref name=Reports/> |} ==Transfers== ===In=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" |- !Date !Player !Club !Fee !Ref |- | 13 August 1998 || [[Gary Rowett]] || [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] || £1m | |- | 10 December 1998 || [[Simon Marsh]] || [[Oxford United F.C.|Oxford United]] || £250,000 | |- | 4 February 1999 || [[Graham Hyde]] || [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]] || Free | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcfc.com/990204c.htm |title=Blues swoop for Owls ace |publisher=Birmingham City F.C |date=4 February 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990504024946/http://www.bcfc.com/990204c.htm |archive-date=4 May 1999 }}</ref> |- | 23 March 1999 || [[David Holdsworth]] || [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] || £1.25m | |} ===Out=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" |- !Date !Player !Fee !Joined !Ref |- | 2 July 1998 || [[Steve Bruce]] || {{circa|£200,000}} || [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:BEM1&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=138E60B0612EE368&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815 |title=Gold – we tried to keep Bruce |newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail |author=Tattum, Colin |date=2 July 1998 |access-date=13 June 2013}}</ref> |- | 23 October 1998 || [[Steve Barnes (footballer)|Steve Barnes]] || Free || [[Barnet F.C.|Barnet]] | |- | 13 January 1999 || [[Paul Tait (footballer born 1971)|Paul Tait]] || Free || [[Oxford United F.C.|Oxford United]] | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60552236 |title=One-time golden boy Tait closes Blues era |newspaper=Birmingham Post |date=14 January 1999 |access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> |- | 1 February 1999 || [[Chris Marsden]] || £800,000 || [[Southampton F.C.|Southampton]] | |- | 22 June 1999 || [[Nicky Forster]] || £650,000 || [[Reading F.C.|Reading]] | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60323250.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054707/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60323250.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2016 |title=Forster joins Reading in £650,000 move |newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail |date=23 June 1999 |access-date=4 October 2011}} {{subscription required}}</ref> |} ===Loan in=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left" |- !Date !Player !Club !Return !Ref |- | 19 December 1998 || [[Fumaça (footballer born 1976)|Fumaça]] || [[Catuense Futebol|Catuense]] || 27 January 1999 | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-61443683 |title=Blues sign Brazil star |newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail |date=19 December 1998 |access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}} {{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60349799 |title=Blues drop Brazilian |newspaper=Birmingham Evening Mail |date=27 January 1999 |access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> |- | 25 March 1999 || [[Lee Bradbury]] || [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] || End of season | style="text-align: center"|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60545172 |title=Loan star Bradbury signs up for promotion push |author=Milledge, Adrian |newspaper=Birmingham Post |date=26 March 1999 |access-date=13 June 2013}} {{subscription required}}</ref> |} ==Appearances and goals== :Numbers in parentheses denote appearances made as a [[substitute (association football)|substitute]]. :Players with name ''in italics'' and marked * were on loan from another club for the whole of their season with Birmingham. :Players marked {{dagger}} left the club during the playing season. :Players listed with no appearances have been in the matchday squad but only as unused substitutes. :Key to positions: GK – [[Goalkeeper (association football)|Goalkeeper]]; DF – [[Defender (association football)|Defender]]; MF – [[Midfielder]]; FW – [[Forward (association football)|Forward]] {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Players' appearances and goals by competition |- !rowspan="2" scope="col"|{{abbr|Pos.|Playing position}} !rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:5em;"|{{abbr|Nat.|Nationality}} !rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:15em;"|Name !colspan="2"|[[1998–99 Football League|League]] !colspan="2"|[[1998–99 FA Cup|FA Cup]] !colspan="2"|[[1998–99 Football League Cup|League Cup]] !colspan="2"|[[Football League Championship play-offs#1999|Play-offs]] !colspan="2"|Total !colspan="2"|Discipline |- !scope="col" style="width:4em;"|{{abbr|Apps|Appearances}}!!scope="col"|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"|{{abbr|Apps|Appearances}}!!scope="col"|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"|{{abbr|Apps|Appearances}}!!scope="col"|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"|{{abbr|Apps|Appearances}}!!scope="col"|Goals !scope="col" style="width:4em;"|{{abbr|Apps|Appearances}}!!scope="col"|Goals !scope="col"|[[File:Yellow card.svg|13px|Booked|alt=A yellow rectangle, denoting the yellow penalty card shown to a player being cautioned]] !scope="col"|[[File:Red card.svg|13px|Sent off|alt=A red rectangle, denoting the red penalty card shown to a player being sent off]] |- |GK||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Ian Bennett (footballer)|Ian Bennett]] |10||0||0||0||4||0||0||0||14||0||0||0 |- |GK||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Kevin Poole]] |36||0||1||0||1||0||2||0||40||0||0||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Gary Ablett (English footballer)|Gary Ablett]] |23 (3)||0||1||0||4||0||0||0||28 (3)||0||1||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Jon Bass (footballer)|Jon Bass]] |9 (2)||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||9 (2)||0||2||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Simon Charlton]] |27 (1)||0||0||0||3||0||0||0||30 (1)||0||4||1 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Jerry Gill]] |3||0||0||0||1||0||0||0||4||0||1||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Martin Grainger]] |30 (10)||4||0 (1)||0||2 (1)||0||2||0||34 (12)||4||11||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[David Holdsworth]] |8 (1)||0||0||0||0||0||2||0||10 (1)||0||4||1 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|JAM}} !scope="row"|[[Michael Johnson (footballer, born 1973)|Michael Johnson]] |43 (3)||4||1||0||4||2||2||0||50 (3)||6||6||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Simon Marsh]] |6 (1)||0||1||0||0||0||0||0||7 (1)||0||0||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Darren Purse]] |11 (9)||0||0||0||2 (1)||0||0 (1)||0||13 (11)||0||2||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Simon Rea (footballer)|Simon Rea]] |0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Gary Rowett]] |42||5||1||0||4||2||2||0||49||7||5||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Darren Wassall]] |0 (3)||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0 (3)||0||0||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|GER}} !scope="row"|[[Antoine Hey|Tony Hey]] |0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Chris Holland]] |7 (6)||0||0||0||1 (4)||0||1 (1)||0||9 (11)||0||0||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Bryan Hughes]] |20 (8)||3||0 (1)||0||1 (1)||0||1||0||22 (10)||3||2||0 |- |DF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Graham Hyde]] |13||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||13||0||4||1 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"| [[Chris Marsden]] {{dagger}} |20||2||0||0||5||3||0||0||25||5||4||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|NIR}} !scope="row"|[[Jon McCarthy]] |35 (8)||0||1||0||5||0||2||0||43 (8)||0||6||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|CAY}} !scope="row"|[[Martyn O'Connor]] |35 (2)||4||1||0||4||0||2||0||42 (2)||4||7||0 |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Steve Robinson (English footballer)|Steve Robinson]] |20 (11)||0||1||1||2||0||1||0||24 (11)||1||1||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|NGA}} !scope="row"|[[Dele Adebola]] |33 (6)||13||1||1||4||2||1 (1)||1||39 (7)||17||3||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|''[[Lee Bradbury]]'' * |6 (1)||0||0||0||0||0||1 (1)||0||7 (2)||0||1||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Howard Forinton]] |0 (3)||1||0||0||1 (1)||0||0||0||1 (4)||1||0||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Nicky Forster]] |8 (24)||5||0 (1)||0||2 (2)||1||0||0||10 (27)||6||0||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Paul Furlong]] |24 (5)||13||1||0||1||0||2||0||28 (5)||13||4||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Andrew Johnson (English footballer)|Andrew Johnson]] |0 (3)||0||0||0||0 (2)||0||0||0||0 (5)||0||2||0 |- |FW||align="left"|{{Flag|ZIM}} !scope="row"|[[Peter Ndlovu]] |37 (6)||11||1||0||4||2||1 (1)||0||43 (7)||13||3||1 |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Players not included in matchday squads |- !scope="col"|{{abbr|Pos.|Playing position}} !scope="col" style="width:5em;"|{{abbr|Nat.|Nationality}} !scope="col" style="width:15em;"|Name |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Steve Barnes (footballer)|Steve Barnes]] {{dagger}} |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|ENG}} !scope="row"|[[Paul Tait (footballer born 1971)|Paul Tait]] {{dagger}} |- |MF||align="left"|{{Flag|BRA}} !scope="row"|''[[Fumaça (footballer born 1976)|Fumaça]]'' * |} ==See also== * [[List of Birmingham City F.C. seasons]] ==References== '''General''' * {{cite book |last=Matthews |first=Tony |title=Birmingham City: A Complete Record |year=1995 |publisher=Breedon Books |location=Derby |isbn=978-1-85983-010-9}} * {{cite book |last=Matthews |first=Tony |title=Birmingham City: The Complete Record |year=2010 |publisher=DB Publishing |location=Derby |isbn=978-1-85983-853-2}} * Source for match dates, league positions and results: {{cite web |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/birmingham-city/1998-1999/results |title=Birmingham City 1998–1999: Results |publisher=Statto Organisation |access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for lineups, appearances, goalscorers and attendances: Matthews (2010), ''Complete Record'', pp. 432–33. * Source for goal times: {{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=results&season_id=128 |title=Birmingham Results 1998/99 |work=Soccerbase |publisher=Centurycomm |access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for transfers: {{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=transfers&season_id=128 |title=Birmingham Transfers 1998/99 |work=Soccerbase |publisher=Centurycomm |access-date=13 June 2013}} * Source for discipline: individual player pages linked from {{cite web |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=291&teamTabs=stats&season_id=128 |title=Birmingham Squad details 1998/99 |work=Soccerbase |publisher=Centurycomm |access-date=13 June 2013}} '''Specific''' {{reflist|colwidth=40em}} {{Birmingham City F.C.}} {{Birmingham City F.C. seasons}} {{1998–99 in English football}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1998-99 Birmingham City F.C. season}} [[Category:Birmingham City F.C. seasons]] [[Category:1998–99 Football League First Division by team|Birmingham City]]

1,294,598,035

[{"title": "Birmingham City F.C.", "data": {"Chairman": "David Gold", "Manager": "Trevor Francis", "Ground": "St Andrew's", "Division One": "4th", "Play-offs": "Semi-final (eliminated by Watford)", "FA Cup": "Third round (eliminated by Leicester City)", "League Cup": "Third round (eliminated by Wimbledon)", "Top goalscorer": "League: Dele Adebola, Paul Furlong (13) \u00b7 All: Dele Adebola (17)", "Highest home attendance": "29,100 vs Watford, play-off semi-final, 20 May 1999", "Lowest home attendance": "3,443 vs Macclesfield Town, League Cup 2nd round, 22 September 1998", "Average home league attendance": "20,794"}}]

false

# La Plaine, Maine-et-Loire La Plaine (French pronunciation: [la plɛn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

enwiki/15896525

enwiki

15,896,525

La Plaine, Maine-et-Loire

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Plaine,_Maine-et-Loire

2025-07-19T11:53:21Z

en

Q1650051

75,342

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox French commune |name = La Plaine |commune status = [[Communes of France|Commune]] |image = |caption = |arrondissement = Cholet |canton = Cholet-2 |INSEE = 49240 |postal code = 49360 |mayor = Sylvie Barbault<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref> |term = 2020–2026 |intercommunality = [[Cholet Agglomération|CA Cholet Agglomération]] |coordinates = {{coord|47.0689|-0.6339|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation min m = 124 |elevation max m = 213 |area km2 = 22.24 |population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} |demonym = Plainais, Plainaise |website = }} '''La Plaine''' ({{IPA|fr|la plɛn|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Hélène (Hsarrazin)-La Plaine.wav}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] [[Departments of France|department]] in western [[France]]. ==See also== *[[Communes of the Maine-et-Loire department]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{commons category|La Plaine}} {{Maine-et-Loire communes}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:La Plaine, Maine-Et-Loire}} [[Category:Communes of Maine-et-Loire|Plaine]] {{Cholet-geo-stub}}

1,301,366,357

[{"title": "La Plaine", "data": {"Country": "France", "Region": "Pays de la Loire", "Department": "Maine-et-Loire", "Arrondissement": "Cholet", "Canton": "Cholet-2", "Intercommunality": "CA Cholet Agglom\u00e9ration"}}, {"title": "Government", "data": {"\u2022 Mayor (2020\u20132026)": "Sylvie Barbault", "Area1": "22.24 km2 (8.59 sq mi)", "Population (2022)": "1,016", "\u2022 Density": "46/km2 (120/sq mi)", "Demonym(s)": "Plainais, Plainaise", "Time zone": "UTC+01:00 (CET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+02:00 (CEST)", "INSEE/Postal code": "49240 /49360", "Elevation": "124\u2013213 m (407\u2013699 ft)"}}]

false

# Agence universitaire de la Francophonie The Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF; English: University Agency of the Francophonie) is a global network of French-speaking higher-education and research institutions. Founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1961, as the Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française (AUPELF), the AUF is a multilateral institution supporting co-operation and solidarity among French-speaking universities and institutions. It operates in French-speaking and non-speaking countries of Africa, the Arab world, Southeast Asia, North and South America, Polynesia, the Caribbean, Central, Eastern and Western Europe. As of 2020, the AUF has 1,007 members (public and private universities, institutes of higher education, research centers and institutions, institutional networks, and networks of university administrators) distributed throughout francophone countries on six continents. It is active in 119 countries, and represented by regional offices and information centers on campuses and in institutes. The Association receives funding from the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), and its headquarters are located at the Université de Montréal, Quebec. ## History ### Origins In 1959, Jean-Marc Léger (Canadian journalist at Le Devoir) and André Bachand (public-relations director at the University of Montreal) voiced the idea of a worldwide organisation which would create a link between French-speaking universities. On 13 September 1961 in Montreal, some 150 representatives of the French-speaking world created the foundation of what would become Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française (AUPELF), French for the "Association of Partially or Entirely French-speaking Universities." From 1972 to 1975, Robert Mallet chaired the board of directors of AUPELF. ### Expansion In 1987, during the heads of state summit in Quebec, an "exchange university" project was implemented under the name UREF (Université des Réseaux d'Expression Français, University French Expression Networks). Its purpose was to create a university network for research and education. In November 1993, AUPELF became AUPELF-UREF. In April 1998, in Beirut, AUPELF-UREF became the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie. ### Reforms To answer the Moncton action plan's request, the AUF undertook reforms in three fields in 1999: - Modification of its status - Administration - Programmes In 2005, the AUF endowed a four-year program to meet the goals and priorities of the decennial strategic agreement of the institutional French-speaking world. This agreement, adopted in 2004 by member states of the French-speaking world, sets the principles and strategies of the institutional French-speaking world and controls its activities. ## Structure The association is composed of seven bodies: - General assembly: Main body of the AUF. Every four years, the 774 members of the association gather to decide goals and strategy for the four next years. It oversees the board of directors. - Association council: Enhances solidarity among higher-education and research institutions of the association, encouraging them to pursue relevant objectives - Board of directors: The management body, comprising university and government representatives - Scientific council: Decides the methodology of AUF programs and ensures their academic quality. Its members are selected for their technical and professional skills in culture, science and technology. - President: Elected by the general assembly for a single four-year term, they head the association council and board of directors. - Rector: Elected by the board of directors for a four-year term, their primary function is to implement financial commitments by higher-education and research institutions. - University development and co-operation fund: Administered by the rector ## Activities The primary activities of the AUF are distributed among four scientific administrations, each aiming at a specific goal. These four branches are: - Language and communication: Supports French-language development through instruction in the scientific disciplines; promotes multilingualism and cultural diversity by stimulating the production, spread and teaching of scientific knowledge in French. Coordinates research projects, training and curriculum reform in linguistics, culture, literature and education. Monitors meetings and scientific conferences, emphasizing publication (particularly online publication). Significantly, more than 2,250 specialists improve understanding of the French-speaking world and the impact of cultural and linguistic diversity on societies. - Economic development: Fundraising and public relations - Scientific skill reinforcement: Acts as liaison between scientific departments and regional offices. Administers French-speaking digital campuses and institutes in four-year cycles. Evaluates relations between the association and the French-speaking scientific community in the fields of the environment, water, energy, climate, sustainable development and well-being of populations; supports research. - Education: Supports communication and information technology in higher education and research; encourages digital development and offers training in the Technologies of Information and Communication (TICE) for teachers, students and staff. ## Partnerships The Agence universitaire de la Francophonie has developed partnerships with three objectives: - To establish more universities and giving them significant developmental roles - To develop ties between the AUF, its member institutions and developmental agencies (foundations, NGOs, territorial collectivities, etc.) - To increase development in the following ways: - Place the association's knowledge at the disposal of the projects in question - Promote scientific evaluation - Use tools of university and scientific co-operation AUF numbers among its partners the European Union, UNESCO and the World Bank. It has been requested to assist in: - Project management - Technical evaluations - Information technology and communication - Developmental networks ## Publishing In 2001, the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie facilitated the creation of electronic French-language science journals. Francophone digital campuses were created to support the development of TIC (technologies of information and communication). AUF conducts workshops on the presentation and publication of scientific articles. Financial support is available for selected projects. ## AUF worldwide The AUF's education office and headquarters are in Montreal; central services and a second education office are in Paris. Regional offices have been established in Montreal, Port-au-Prince, Dakar, Yaoundé, Antananarivo, Hanoi, Beirut, Brussels and Bucharest. ## Golden anniversary 2011 marked the 50th anniversary of the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie. To mark the occasion AUF promoted the Francophonie throughout the year with events devoted to "50 years of the Agency", celebrating its role as an academic agent of the French-speaking scientific community. ## Networks ### Research - Lexicology, terminology, translation - Sociolinguistics - Erosion and hydrology - Economics - Demography - Entrepreneurship - Biotechnology - Health sciences ### Institutional - Veterinary medicine (AEEVTPLF) - Management (CIDEGEF) - Medicine (CIDMEF) - Pharmacy (CIDPHARMEF) - Law (CIFDUF) - Engineering (CITEF) - Journalism (Théophraste) - Dentistry (CIDCDF) - Information sciences (AIESI) - Science and technology (CIRUISEF) - Urbanization (APERAU)

enwiki/9804575

enwiki

9,804,575

Agence universitaire de la Francophonie

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie

2025-05-01T22:09:17Z

en

Q2826718

93,871

{{short description|University network based in Montreal, Canada}} {{Italic title}} {{Use British English|date=January 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Primary sources|date=January 2013}} {{Infobox organization | name = Agence universitaire de la Francophonie<ref name="UIA">{{Cite web |url=https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100054269 |url-access= |title=Agence universitaire de La Francophonie (AUF) |author1=Staff writer |year=2024 |department=UIA Global Civil Society Database |website=uia.org |publisher=[[Union of International Associations]] |agency=Yearbook of International Organizations Online |location=Brussels, Belgium |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date=24 December 2024 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote= |trans-quote= }}</ref> | logo = AGENCE UNIVERSITAIRE DE LA FRANCOPHONIE.JPG | formation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1961|09|13}} | predecessor = Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française | type = Francophone university network | headquarters = [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada | coordinates = {{coord|45.50175850|-73.61996090|region:CA-QC|display=inline,title}} | language = [[French language|French]] | budget = 37,200,000 [[Euro|€]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web |title=In Brief |url=https://www.auf.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/140619_AUFENBREF.pdf |language=French|publisher=AUF |access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref> | membership = 1,007 university associations<ref name="whoweare">{{cite web|url=https://www.auf.org/a-propos/qui-nous-sommes/ |title=Qui nous sommes |language=French |trans-title=Who We Are|publisher=Agence universitaire de la Francophonie|access-date=28 March 2021}}</ref> | membership_year = 2020 | leader_title = Rector | leader_name = [[Slim Khalbous]] (since 2019) | website = {{official URL}} }} The '''''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''''' ('''AUF'''; {{langx|en|University Agency of the Francophonie}}) is a global network of French-speaking [[higher education|higher-education]] and research institutions. Founded in [[Montreal|Montreal, Quebec]], Canada in 1961, as the ''Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française'' (AUPELF),<ref name="auf.org">[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/histoire/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, History''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716090619/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/histoire/accueil.html |date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> the AUF is a multilateral institution supporting co-operation and solidarity among French-speaking universities and institutions. It operates in French-speaking and non-speaking countries of Africa, the [[Arab world]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[North America|North]] and [[South America]], [[Polynesia]], the [[Caribbean]], [[Central Europe|Central]], [[Eastern Europe|Eastern]] and [[Western Europe]]. As of 2020, the AUF has 1,007 members<ref name="whoweare"/> (public and private universities, institutes of higher education, research centers and institutions, institutional networks, and networks of university administrators) distributed throughout francophone countries on six continents. It is active in 119 countries,<ref name="whoweare"/> and represented by regional offices and information centers on campuses and in institutes. The Association receives funding from the {{lang|fr|[[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]}} (OIF), and its headquarters are located at the [[Université de Montréal]], [[Quebec]]. ==History== ==={{anchor|Beginning}}Origins=== In 1959, Jean-Marc Léger (Canadian journalist at ''[[Le Devoir]]'') and André Bachand (public-relations director at the University of Montreal) voiced the idea of a worldwide organisation which would create a link between French-speaking universities. On 13 September 1961 in Montreal, some 150 representatives of the French-speaking world created the foundation of what would become ''Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française'' (AUPELF),<ref>[http://www.refer.mg/general/histoire.htm ''Agence francophone pour l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche'']</ref> French for the "Association of Partially or Entirely French-speaking Universities." From 1972 to 1975, [[Robert Mallet (writer)|Robert Mallet]] chaired the board of directors of AUPELF.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JCZWE7jC_0IC|title=Du terroir à la terre: Robert Mallet, recteur, écrivain, mondialiste : etudes biographiques et entretiens avec un témoignage inédit de Guillevic|first1=Jacques|last1=Lardoux|first2=Robert|last2=Mallet|date=2003|publisher=Editions La Part Commune|isbn=9782844180360|via=Google Books}}</ref> ==={{anchor|Expansion era}}Expansion=== In 1987, during the heads of state summit in Quebec, an "exchange university" project was implemented under the name UREF (''Université des Réseaux d'Expression Français'', University French Expression Networks). Its purpose was to create a university network for research and education. In November 1993, AUPELF became ''AUPELF-UREF''. In April 1998, in Beirut, AUPELF-UREF became the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''.<ref name="auf.org"/> ===Reforms=== To answer the [[Moncton]] action plan's request, the AUF undertook reforms in three fields in 1999: * Modification of its status * Administration * Programmes In 2005, the AUF endowed a four-year program to meet the goals and priorities of the decennial strategic agreement of the institutional French-speaking world. This agreement, adopted in 2004 by member states of the French-speaking world, sets the principles and strategies of the institutional French-speaking world and controls its activities.<ref>[http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/acdi-cida.nsf/fra/JUD-1211133416-PSG ''Agence canadienne de développement international'']{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> =={{anchor|Authorities}}Structure== The association is composed of seven bodies: *General assembly: Main body of the AUF. Every four years, the 774 members of the association gather to decide goals and strategy for the four next years. It oversees the board of directors. *Association council: Enhances solidarity among higher-education and research institutions of the association, encouraging them to pursue relevant objectives *Board of directors: The management body, comprising university and government representatives *Scientific council: Decides the methodology of AUF programs and ensures their academic quality. Its members are selected for their technical and professional skills in culture, science and technology. *President: Elected by the general assembly for a single four-year term, they head the association council and board of directors. *Rector: Elected by the board of directors for a four-year term, their primary function is to implement financial commitments by higher-education and research institutions. *University development and co-operation fund: Administered by the rector =={{anchor|Fields of action}}Activities== The primary activities of the AUF are distributed among four scientific administrations,<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/nos-directions-scientifiques/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Scientific Departments''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110418051541/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/nos-directions-scientifiques/accueil.html |date=18 April 2011 }}</ref> each aiming at a specific goal. These four branches are: *Language and communication: Supports French-language development through instruction in the scientific disciplines; promotes multilingualism and cultural diversity by stimulating the production, spread and teaching of scientific knowledge in French. Coordinates research projects, training and curriculum reform in linguistics, culture, literature and education. Monitors meetings and scientific conferences, emphasizing publication (particularly online publication). Significantly, more than 2,250 specialists improve understanding of the French-speaking world and the impact of cultural and linguistic diversity on societies. *Economic development: Fundraising and public relations *Scientific skill reinforcement: Acts as liaison between scientific departments and regional offices. Administers French-speaking digital campuses and institutes in four-year cycles. Evaluates relations between the association and the French-speaking scientific community in the fields of the environment, water, energy, climate, sustainable development and well-being of populations; supports research. *Education: Supports communication and information technology in higher education and research; encourages digital development and offers training in the [[Technologies of Information and Communication]] (TICE) for teachers, students and staff. =={{anchor|Policy of partnership}}Partnerships== The ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie'' has developed partnerships with three objectives:<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/accueil.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Partnerships''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814035834/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/accueil.html |date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> *To establish more universities and giving them significant developmental roles *To develop ties between the AUF, its member institutions and developmental agencies (foundations, [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]]s, [[territorial collectivities]], etc.) *To increase development in the following ways: ** Place the association's knowledge at the disposal of the projects in question ** Promote scientific evaluation ** Use tools of university and scientific co-operation AUF numbers among its partners the [[European Union]], [[UNESCO]] and the [[World Bank]].<ref>[http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/liste-des-partenariats.html ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, List of Partnerships''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814061616/http://www.auf.org/l-auf/partenaires/liste-des-partenariats.html |date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> It has been requested to assist in: * Project management * Technical evaluations * Information technology and communication * Developmental networks =={{anchor|Support to electronic scientific journal creation}}Publishing== In 2001, the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie'' facilitated the creation of electronic French-language science journals.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://revues.refer.org/index.php |title=''Appui à la création de revues scientifques électroniques'' |access-date=5 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705005216/http://revues.refer.org/index.php |archive-date=5 July 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Francophone digital campuses were created to support the development of TIC (technologies of information and communication). AUF conducts workshops on the presentation and publication of scientific articles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://revues.refer.org/ateliers-formation.php |title=''Appui à la création de revues scientifiques électroniques, Workshops of formation'' |access-date=5 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713070318/http://revues.refer.org/ateliers-formation.php |archive-date=13 July 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Financial support is available for selected projects. =={{anchor|The AUF Worldwide}}AUF worldwide== The AUF's education office and headquarters are in Montreal; central services and a second education office are in [[Paris]]. Regional offices have been established in [[Montreal]], [[Port-au-Prince]], [[Dakar]], [[Yaoundé]], [[Antananarivo]], [[Hanoi]], [[Beirut]], [[Brussels]] and [[Bucharest]].<ref>[http://www.auf.org/regions/ ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, Regions''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110405183323/http://www.auf.org/regions/ |date=5 April 2011 }}</ref> =={{anchor|50th anniversary}}Golden anniversary== 2011 marked the 50th anniversary of the ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie''. To mark the occasion AUF promoted the [[Francophonie]] throughout the year with events devoted to "50 years of the Agency", celebrating its role as an academic agent of the French-speaking scientific community. =={{anchor|Researchers network}}Networks== ===Research=== *[[Lexicology]], [[terminology]], [[translation]] *[[Sociolinguistics]] *[[Erosion]] and [[hydrology]] *[[Economics]] *[[Demography]] *[[Entrepreneurship]] *[[Biotechnology]] *[[Health sciences]] ==={{anchor|Institutional networks}}Institutional=== *[[Veterinary medicine]] (AEEVTPLF) *[[Management]] (CIDEGEF) *[[Medicine]] (CIDMEF) *[[Pharmacy]] (CIDPHARMEF) *[[Law]] (CIFDUF) *[[Engineering]] (CITEF) *[[Journalism]] (Théophraste) *[[Dentistry]] (CIDCDF) *[[Information sciences]] (AIESI) *[[Science, technology and society|Science and technology]] (CIRUISEF) *[[Urbanization]] (APERAU) == See also == * [[Institut de la Francophonie pour l'Informatique]] - one of its institutions. * [[TV5Monde]] * [[Université Senghor]] ([[Alexandria]]) * [[Association of Commonwealth Universities]] * [[EAIE]] * [[EURODOC]] * [[Association of African Universities]] * [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities]] * [[European University Association]]   ==References== {{Reflist}} == External links == * {{Official website}} {{in lang|fr}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110507150145/http://auf-50ans.org/50ans/ 50th-anniversary website] {{in lang|fr}} *[http://www.refer.mg/general/agence.htm ''AUPELF-UREF's website''] {{in lang|fr}} *[http://agora.qc.ca/francophonie.nsf/ ''Francophonia's Encyclopaedia''] {{in lang|fr}} *[https://www.francophonie.org/''Francophonie's official website''] {{in lang|fr}} {{Networks of European universities}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:1961 establishments in Quebec]] [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1961]] [[Category:International organizations based in Canada]] [[Category:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Organizations based in Montreal]] [[Category:University associations and consortia]]

1,288,321,960

[{"title": "Agence universitaire de la Francophonie", "data": {"Predecessor": "Association des Universit\u00e9s Partiellement ou Enti\u00e8rement de Langue Fran\u00e7aise", "Formation": "13 September 1961", "Type": "Francophone university network", "Headquarters": "Montreal, Quebec, Canada", "Coordinates": "45\u00b030\u203206\u2033N 73\u00b037\u203212\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff45.50175850\u00b0N 73.61996090\u00b0W", "Membership": "1,007 university associations (2020)", "Official language": "French", "Rector": "Slim Khalbous (since 2019)", "Budget": "37,200,000 \u20ac (2019)", "Website": "www.auf.org"}}]

false

# Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College (RKMGEC), formerly Purulia Government Engineering College (PGEC), is an engineering college located in Purulia, West Bengal, India. It offers undergraduate (B.Tech.) engineering degree courses affiliated to the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT). The institution is regulated, operated and administered by the Government of West Bengal. ## Academics RKMGEC offers four-year under-graduate degree courses in the various disciplines. - Civil engineering[1] - Mechanical engineering[2] - Electrical engineering[3] - Computer science and engineering[4] - Electronics and communication engineering[5] ## Admission The candidates are admitted on the basis of the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination (WBJEE) rankings. B.Tech. courses have a provision of 10% lateral entry at the second-year level through West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination for Lateral Entry (JELET). ## Student Life ### RKMGEC Hostels RKMGEC provides four hostels on campus. Out of them two are for male boarders and the other two for female boarders. The hostels are as follows: - Old Girls' Hostel - New Girls' Hostel - Old Boys' Hostel - New Boys' Hostel Each hostel has its own mess managed by own duly elected mess committee.

enwiki/54250448

enwiki

54,250,448

Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramkrishna_Mahato_Government_Engineering_College

2024-10-05T15:32:25Z

en

Q30644028

82,735

{{Short description|Engineering college in West Bengal, India}} {{redirect|PGEC|the former professional society|IEEE Computer Society#History}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}} {{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}} {{Infobox university | name = Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College | former_name = Purulia Government Engineering College | image = PGECMAINGATE.jpg | caption = Entrance to the Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College | established = {{start date and age|2016}} | type = [[Public]] [[Engineering]] [[College]] | address = | city = [[Purulia, West Bengal]] | country = India | postcode = 723103 | coordinates = {{coord|23.4209|N|86.2067|E|region:IN-WB_type:edu|display=title,inline}} | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India | pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[West Bengal]]##Location in India | campus = Rural | campus_size = {{convert|33|acre}} | academic_affiliations = [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology|MAKAUT]] | principal = Bibek Chakraborty | academic_staff = 37 | website = {{url|https://rkmgec.ac.in}} | logo = | logo_size = 150px | logo_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College''' ('''RKMGEC'''), formerly '''Purulia Government Engineering College''' ('''PGEC'''), is an engineering college located in [[Purulia, West Bengal]], India. It offers undergraduate ([[B.Tech.]]) engineering degree courses affiliated to the [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology]] (MAKAUT). The institution is regulated, operated and administered by the [[Government of West Bengal]]. ==Academics== RKMGEC offers four-year under-graduate degree courses in the various disciplines. * Civil engineering<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/civil_engineering|access-date=2021-03-02|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Mechanical engineering<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/mechanical_engineering|access-date=2021-03-02|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Electrical engineering<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/electrical_engineering|access-date=2021-03-02|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Computer science and engineering<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/computer_science_and_engineering|access-date=2021-03-02|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> * Electronics and communication engineering<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/index/department/electronics_and_communication_engineering|access-date=2021-03-02|website=rkmgec.ac.in}}</ref> ==Admission== The candidates are admitted on the basis of the [[West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination]] (WBJEE) rankings. B.Tech.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Participating Institutions|url=https://wbjeeb.in/engineering-college-institution-in-west-bengal|access-date=2021-03-02|website=wbjeeb.in}}</ref> courses have a provision of 10% lateral entry at the second-year level through West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination for Lateral Entry (JELET).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notice|url=https://rkmgec.ac.in/images/pagepdf/1613189485992Notice%20for%20Decentralized%20Counseling%20Lateral%202020_21_.pdf}}</ref> == Student Life == === RKMGEC Hostels === RKMGEC provides four hostels on campus. Out of them two are for male boarders and the other two for female boarders. The hostels are as follows: * Old Girls' Hostel * New Girls' Hostel * Old Boys' Hostel * New Boys' Hostel Each hostel has its own mess managed by own duly elected mess committee. ==See also== {{columns-list|colwidth=22em| *[[List of institutions of higher education in West Bengal]] *[[Education in India]] *[[Education in West Bengal]] }} ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * {{official|https://rkmgec.ac.in/}} *[http://www.ugc.ac.in/ University Grants Commission] *[http://www.naac.gov.in/ National Assessment and Accreditation Council] {{West Bengal University of Technology}} [[Category:Engineering colleges in West Bengal]] [[Category:Universities and colleges in Purulia district]] [[Category:Colleges affiliated to West Bengal University of Technology]] [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 2016]] [[Category:2016 establishments in West Bengal]] {{WestBengal-university-stub}}

1,249,561,970

[{"title": "Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College", "data": {"Former name": "Purulia Government Engineering College", "Type": "Public Engineering College", "Established": "2016", "Academic affiliations": "MAKAUT", "Principal": "Bibek Chakraborty", "Academic staff": "37", "Location": "Purulia, West Bengal, 723103, India \u00b7 23\u00b025\u203215\u2033N 86\u00b012\u203224\u2033E\ufeff / \ufeff23.4209\u00b0N 86.2067\u00b0E", "Campus": "Rural, 33 acres (13 ha)", "Website": "rkmgec.ac.in"}}]

false

# Anthoupolis Anthoupolis (Greek: Ανθούπολη) is a village, south of Nicosia, Cyprus. Anthoupolis is a rather new area which was created after the Turkish Invasion of 1974 to house refugees. The original refugee site is slowly abandoned and new houses and projects are being held to regenerate the wider area. The Greek name means Flower-City or in a more metaphorical sense flowering, expanding city. Anthoupolis is located next to the A9 highway exit towards Troodos mountain.

enwiki/2256114

enwiki

2,256,114

Anthoupolis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthoupolis

2025-07-07T01:44:18Z

en

Q4773823

64,331

{{Infobox settlement  | official_name = Anthoupolis | other_name = | native_name = {{nativename|el|Ανθούπολη}} | nickname = | settlement_type = [[List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus#Minor towns and villages|Village]] | motto =  | image_map = {{infobox mapframe|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=250|frame-height=300|zoom=14|type=shape-inverse|id=Q4773823|title=Anthoupolis}} | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | map_caption = Interactive map outlining Anthoupolis | pushpin_map = Cyprus#Mediterranean east#European_Union#Asia | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_relief = y | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Cyprus]]##Location within the [[Eastern Mediterranean]]##Location within the [[European Union]]##Location within [[Asia]] | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Cyprus}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Cyprus|District]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Nicosia District]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Urban area]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Nicosia]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 =  | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | established_title =  | established_date =  | area_magnitude = | total_type = [[List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus#Minor towns and villages|Village]] | area_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cyprus: Nicosia Urban Agglomeration (Municipalities, Communities and Quarters) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/cyprus/nicosia/admin/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 0.44 | area_land_km2 =  | area_metro_km2 =  | population_as_of = 2011 | population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cyprus: Nicosia Urban Agglomeration (Municipalities, Communities and Quarters) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/cyprus/nicosia/admin/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> | population_note = | population_total = 1756 | population_density_km2 = | timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +3 | coordinates = {{coord|35|06|15|N|33|17|23|E|region:CY_type:city|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes =  | elevation_m = | elevation_ft =  | postal_code_type =  | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Anthoupolis''' (Greek: Ανθούπολη) is a village, south of [[Nicosia]], [[Republic of Cyprus|Cyprus]]. Anthoupolis is a rather new area which was created after the [[Turkish Invasion of Cyprus|Turkish Invasion of 1974]] to house refugees. The original refugee site is slowly abandoned and new houses and projects are being held to regenerate the wider area. The Greek name means Flower-City or in a more metaphorical sense flowering, expanding city. Anthoupolis is located next to the [[A9 motorway (Cyprus)|A9 highway]] exit towards Troodos mountain. ==References== <references/> {{Nicosia District}} [[Category:Communities in Nicosia District]] {{NicosiaDistrict-geo-stub}}

1,299,200,549

[{"title": "Anthoupolis \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 (Greek)", "data": {"Country": "Cyprus", "District": "Nicosia District", "Urban area": "Nicosia"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Village": "0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi)"}}, {"title": "Population (2011)", "data": {"\u2022 Village": "1,756", "Time zone": "UTC+2 (EET)", "\u2022 Summer (DST)": "UTC+3 (EEST)"}}]

false

# Josh Fauver Joshua Donald Fauver (December 4, 1978 – November 2, 2018) was an American musician. He served as the longtime bassist for the band Deerhunter from 2004 to 2012. Fauver replaced second Deerhunter bassist Justin Bosworth in 2004 following Bosworth's death. Fauver played on their debut self-titled album (2004), Cryptograms (2007), the Fluorescent Grey EP (2007), Weird Era Cont. and Microcastle (2008), Rainwater Cassette Exchange EP (2009), and Halcyon Digest (2010). Fauver was a member of the following Atlanta DIY bands: the Mascara Aesthetic, Titus, Circle 5, Perpetual Sciamachy Theorem, Electrosleep International and S.I.D.S., and had his own solo project, called Diet Cola. His independent label "Army Of Bad Luck", released albums for several Atlanta bands, such as Pleasure Cruise, Facehugger, and Battlecat, as well as Austin's Finally Punk and Portland's Hurry Up. On November 2, 2018, Fauver died unexpectedly in Atlanta, Georgia, aged 39. Deerhunter revealed on social media that Fauver had died; a representative of the band confirmed the death. No cause of death was announced.

enwiki/58967305

enwiki

58,967,305

Josh Fauver

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Fauver

2025-06-07T19:28:07Z

en

Q58227346

74,185

{{Short description|American musician (1978–2018)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2018}} {{Multiple issues| {{Update|date=November 2018}} {{Notability|Music|date=November 2018}}}} {{Infobox musical artist | honorific_prefix = | name = | honorific_suffix = | image = Josh Fauver, bassist for Deerhunter (2004-2012).jpg | image_upright = | image_size = | landscape =  | alt = Fauver performing at an ATP Festival in 2010. | caption = Fauver performing at an [[All Tomorrow's Parties|ATP Festival]] in 2010. | birth_name = Joshua Donald Fauver | birth_date = {{birth date|1978|12|4}} | birth_place = [[Naperville, Illinois]], U.S. | origin = | death_date = {{dda|2018|11|2|1978|12|4}} | death_place = [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S. | genre = [[Indie rock]] | instrument = [[Bass guitar]] | years_active =  | label = Army of Bad Luck | associated_acts = [[Deerhunter]], Vera Fang, Diet Cola, Bushwalking,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://chaptermusic.com/artist/bushwalking/|title=Bushwalking at Chapter Music|website=Chaptermusic.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-05}}</ref> Electrosleep International, S.I.D.S., [[Stickfigure Records]], [[Goodnight Records]], Circle 5 | website = {{URL|armyofbadluck.com}} }} '''Joshua Donald Fauver''' (December 4, 1978 – November 2, 2018)<ref name="legacy.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/jconline/obituary.aspx?n=joshua-donald-fauver&pid=190684178&fhid=4905|title=Joshua Donald Fauver 1978-2018 Obituary|access-date=November 10, 2018}}</ref> was an American musician. He served as the longtime bassist for the band [[Deerhunter]] from 2004 to 2012.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/deerhunter-josh-fauver-dead-751751/|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dead at 39|first=Daniel|last=Kreps|date=November 4, 2018|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref> Fauver replaced second Deerhunter bassist Justin Bosworth in 2004 following Bosworth's death.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Anderson |first1=Shawn |title=Making Sense of Deerhunter |url=https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/music/making-sense-of-deerhunter-6445955 |website=Phoenix New Times |access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref> Fauver played on their debut self-titled album (2004), [[Cryptograms (album)|Cryptograms]] (2007), [[Fluorescent Grey|the Fluorescent Grey EP]] (2007), [[Weird Era Cont.]] and [[Microcastle]] (2008), [[Rainwater Cassette Exchange]] EP (2009), and [[Halcyon Digest]] (2010).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-is-dead|title=Former Deerhunter Bassist Josh Fauver Dead at 39 - Pitchfork|website=Pitchfork.com|date=November 4, 2018}}</ref> Fauver was a member of the following [[Atlanta]] DIY bands: the Mascara Aesthetic, Titus, Circle 5, Perpetual Sciamachy Theorem,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Radford |first1=Chad |title=Josh Fauver R.I.P. Army of Bad Luck label owner and former Deerhunter bass player was 39 |url=https://creativeloafing.com/content-416705-josh-fauver-r-i-p |website=Creative Loafing (Atlanta) |access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref> [[Electrosleep International]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/2308794-Electrosleep-International|title=Electrosleep International|website=Discogs.com|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> and [[S.I.D.S.]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metal-archives.com/bands/S.I.D.S./3540299133|title=S.I.D.S. - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives|website=Metal-archives.com|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/724294-Josh-Fauver|title=Josh Fauver|website=Discogs.com|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> and had his own solo project, called Diet Cola.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shinygreymonotone.blogspot.com/2014/04/diet-cola-early-learning.html|title=[shiny grey monotone]: Diet Cola - Early Learning|last=Gray|date=April 2, 2014|website=Shinygreymonotone.blogspot.com|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> His independent label "Army Of Bad Luck", released albums for several Atlanta bands, such as Pleasure Cruise, Facehugger, and Battlecat, as well as Austin's Finally Punk and Portland's Hurry Up.<ref name="NME">{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-died-2396794|title=Former Deerhunter bassist Josh Fauver has died, aged 39|date=November 4, 2018|website=Nme.com|access-date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> On November 2, 2018, Fauver died unexpectedly in [[Atlanta, Georgia]], aged 39.<ref name=NME/><ref name="billboard">{{cite news|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dies at 39 |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/obituary/8483185/josh-fauver-dies-former-deerhunter-bassist-dead|access-date=November 10, 2018 |website=Billboard.com|date=November 5, 2018}}</ref> Deerhunter revealed on social media that Fauver had died; a representative of the band confirmed the death. No cause of death was announced.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/former-deerhunter-bassist-josh-fauver-is-dead/|title = Former Deerhunter Bassist Josh Fauver Dead at 39| website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |date = November 4, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/deerhunter-josh-fauver-dead-751751/|title=Josh Fauver, Former Deerhunter Bassist, Dead at 39|last=Kreps|first=Daniel|date=2018-11-04|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=2018-11-27|language=en-US}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Deerhunter}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fauver, Josh}} [[Category:4AD artists]] [[Category:1979 births]] [[Category:2018 deaths]] [[Category:American bass guitarists]] [[Category:American rock bass guitarists]] [[Category:American male bass guitarists]] [[Category:Alternative rock bass guitarists]] [[Category:Place of birth missing]] [[Category:Deerhunter members]] {{US-bass-guitarist-stub}}

1,294,445,850

[{"title": "Background information", "data": {"Birth name": "Joshua Donald Fauver", "Born": "December 4, 1978 \u00b7 Naperville, Illinois, U.S.", "Died": "November 2, 2018 (aged 39) \u00b7 Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.", "Genres": "Indie rock", "Instrument": "Bass guitar", "Labels": "Army of Bad Luck"}}, {"title": "Deerhunter", "data": {"Studio albums": "Turn It Up Faggot Cryptograms Microcastle Weird Era Cont. Halcyon Digest Monomania Fading Frontier Why Hasn't Everything Already Disappeared?", "EPs": "Fluorescent Grey Rainwater Cassette Exchange Double Dream of Spring", "Singles": "Deerhunter 7\" Whirlyball 7\" \" Nothing Ever Happened \" \" Vox Celeste 5 \" \" Revival \" \" Memory Boy \"", "Splits": "Deerhunter/Alphabets Split Deerhunter/Hubcap City Split Fluorescent Grey/Oh, It's Such A Shame", "Related articles": "Discography Atlas Sound Lotus Plaza Macha Mice Parade"}}]

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# Kennedy Polamalu Kennedy Polamalu (born November 22, 1963) is an American Samoan professional football coach who is the running backs coach for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). Formerly, he served as the running backs coach for the Cleveland Browns, Jacksonville Jaguars, Minnesota Vikings, and Las Vegas Raiders. He was the offensive coordinator for the UCLA Bruins. Prior to that he was the offensive coordinator for the USC Trojans. ## Playing career Polamalu was a fullback at USC from 1982 to 1985. His contributions helped the USC Trojans defeat the Ohio State Buckeyes, 20–17, in the 1985 Rose Bowl. ## Coaching career ### Early coaching career Polamalu coached running backs and special teams for the USC Trojans from 2000 to 2003. He coached Justin Fargas, Hershel Dennis and Tom Malone. Prior to that he coached at the high school level and for University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), San Diego State University and the University of Colorado at Boulder. He coached the Cleveland Browns in 2004 and the Jacksonville Jaguars from 2005 to 2009. On July 24, 2010, Polamalu accepted a position with USC to become the offensive coordinator. The hiring led Tennessee Titans coach Jeff Fisher to publicly criticize USC head coach, Lane Kiffin, for not following generally accepted National Football League (NFL) protocol: that the head coach or athletic department of the interested team should call the other head coach and let him know that he will be contacting an assistant on their staff. Fisher was upset that Kiffin called and left a voicemail after Polamalu had already accepted the job. Kiffin then explained that he called Polamalu on Friday, July 23, to gauge his interest; after getting Polamalu's positive answer on Saturday, Kiffin called Fisher and left a message. On July 26, 2010, the Titans filed a lawsuit against Kiffin and USC for "maliciously luring" Polamalu away, asking for damages. On December 4, 2013, it was announced that Polamalu was hired to be the running backs coach at UCLA. In July 2013, Polamalu decided to coach his son at Loyola High School in Los Angeles. He coached the running backs and was the Specials Team Coordinator. He only coached there for a year until he got an offer to coach at UCLA. ### UCLA On January 13, 2016, UCLA announced that it has promoted Polamalu to offensive coordinator. Following the loss to California on November 26, 2016, Polamalu's contract at UCLA was not renewed. ### Minnesota Vikings In January 2017, the Minnesota Vikings officially announced the hiring of Polamalu as the team's running back coach. He, along with the rest of the coaching staff was let go after the 2021 season. ### Las Vegas Raiders In 2022 he became the running backs coach for the Raiders. On February 2 Polamalu was not retained by new Raiders head coach Antonio Pierce and the Raiders after they hired DeShaun Foster as the Raiders' new running backs coach. Foster later backed out to become the head coach of the UCLA Bruins and Polamalu was replaced by Cadillac Williams ### Seattle Seahawks In February 2024, Polamalu joined head coach Mike Macdonald as running backs coach for the Seahawks. ## Personal life Polamalu is married to Stephanie Nelson and they share six children K.C., Matthew, Tre, Sophia, Andrew, and Xander. They also have a daughter-in-law Theresa Pola and two grandsons, Tre and Koa. He was born the day President Kennedy was assassinated, and was named in his honor. He graduated from Mater Dei High School in Santa Ana, California, in 1982 where he also played basketball and ran track and field and was Student Body President his senior year. Polamalu's brother, Aoatoa, played nose tackle at Penn State from 1984 to 1988. Upon moving to California from American Samoa in the mid-1970s, Kennedy's family shortened their last name to Pola. In 2011, he began the process of legally changing it back to Polamalu while preparing for a return to Samoa. In June, he was part of a contingent that included former USC players Rey Maualuga, Deuce Lutui, Malaefou MacKenzie and others who returned to Samoa for a football camp sponsored by his nephew, former USC Trojans All-American and Pittsburgh Steelers safety Troy Polamalu. His name change became official in August 2011.

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Kennedy Polamalu

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2025-06-18T19:19:55Z

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{{Short description|American Samoan football coach (born 1963)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}} {{Infobox NFL biography | name = Kennedy Polamalu | image = 2010-0918-KennedyPola.jpg | alt = | caption = | current_team = Seattle Seahawks | position = Running backs coach  | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|11|22}} | birth_place = [[Pago Pago]], American Samoa | death_date = | death_place = | high_school = [[Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California)|Mater Dei]] {{nowrap|([[Santa Ana, California]])}} | college = [[USC Trojans football|USC]] | undraftedyear = 1986 | pastcoaching = * [[UCLA Bruins football|UCLA]] (1992–1993) Graduate assistant * [[San Diego State Aztecs football|San Diego State]] (1994–1996) Running backs coach & special teams coordinator * [[Colorado Buffaloes football|Colorado]] (1997–1998) Running backs coach * San Diego State (1999) Linebackers coach * [[USC Trojans football|USC]] (2000) Running backs coach * USC (2001) Special teams coordinator * USC (2002–2003) Running backs coach & special teams coordinator * [[Cleveland Browns]] ({{nfly|2004}}) Running backs coach * [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] ({{nfly|2005}}–{{nfly|2009}}) Running backs coach * USC (2010–2012) Offensive coordinator & running backs coach * UCLA (2014–2015) Running backs coach * UCLA (2016) Offensive coordinator * [[Minnesota Vikings]] ({{nfly|2017}}–{{nfly|2021}}) Running backs coach * [[Las Vegas Raiders]] ({{nfly|2021}}–{{nfly|2023}}) Running backs coach * [[Seattle Seahawks]] ({{nfly|2024}}–present) Running backs coach }} '''Kennedy Polamalu''' (born November 22, 1963) is an American Samoan professional [[American football|football]] coach who is the running backs coach for the [[Seattle Seahawks]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL). Formerly, he served as the running backs coach for the [[Cleveland Browns]], [[Jacksonville Jaguars]], [[Minnesota Vikings]], and [[Las Vegas Raiders]]. He was the [[offensive coordinator]] for the [[UCLA Bruins football|UCLA Bruins]]. Prior to that he was the [[offensive coordinator]] for the [[USC Trojans football|USC Trojans]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/college/usc/la-sp-usc-football-20130209,0,4826725.story |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Gary |last=Klein |title=Kennedy Polamalu reportedly out as USC running backs coach |date=February 8, 2013}}</ref> ==Playing career== Polamalu was a [[Fullback (American football)|fullback]] at [[University of Southern California|USC]] from 1982 to 1985. His contributions helped the [[USC Trojans football|USC Trojans]] defeat the [[1985 Ohio State Buckeyes football team|Ohio State Buckeyes]], 20–17, in the [[1985 Rose Bowl]].<ref>[http://www.tournamentofroses.com/photogallery/RBGtimeline/1980sb.htm Rose Bowl Game Photo Timeline, 1980-1989] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090609052027/http://www.tournamentofroses.com/photogallery/RBGtimeline/1980sb.htm |date=June 9, 2009 }}, [[Pasadena Tournament of Roses]]</ref> ==Coaching career== ===Early coaching career=== Polamalu coached running backs and [[special teams]] for the USC Trojans from 2000 to 2003.<ref name=jaguars>{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguars.com/team/Coach.aspx?id=2588 |title=Kennedy Pola coach bio |publisher=Jaguars.com |access-date=December 2, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102040012/http://jaguars.com/team/coach.aspx?id=2588 |archive-date=January 2, 2010 }}</ref> He coached [[Justin Fargas]], [[Hershel Dennis]] and [[Tom Malone (American football)|Tom Malone]]. Prior to that he coached at the high school level and for [[University of California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA), [[San Diego State University]] and the [[University of Colorado at Boulder]]. He coached the [[Cleveland Browns]] in 2004 and the [[Jacksonville Jaguars]] from 2005 to 2009.<ref name=jaguars/> On July 24, 2010, Polamalu accepted a position with USC to become the [[offensive coordinator]]. The hiring led [[Tennessee Titans]] coach [[Jeff Fisher]] to publicly criticize USC head coach, [[Lane Kiffin]], for not following generally accepted [[National Football League]] (NFL) protocol: that the head coach or athletic department of the interested team should call the other head coach and let him know that he will be contacting an assistant on their staff. Fisher was upset that Kiffin called and left a voicemail after Polamalu had already accepted the job. Kiffin then explained that he called Polamalu on Friday, July 23, to gauge his interest; after getting Polamalu's positive answer on Saturday, Kiffin called Fisher and left a message.<ref name=ESPN072510>[https://www.espn.com/los-angeles/ncf/news/story?id=5407023 Kiffin's approach 'disappoints' Fisher], ESPN.com, July 24, 2010, Accessed July 25, 2010.</ref> On July 26, 2010, the Titans filed a lawsuit against Kiffin and USC for "maliciously luring" Polamalu away, asking for damages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/story/13671180/titans-sue-usc-kiffin-for-taking-assistant-coach-pola?tag=headlines;other |title=Titans sue USC, Kiffin for taking assistant coach Pola |work=CBS Sports |date=26 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211015932/http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/story/13671180/titans-sue-usc-kiffin-for-taking-assistant-coach-pola?tag=headlines;other |archive-date=11 December 2013}}</ref> On December 4, 2013, it was announced that Polamalu was hired to be the running backs coach at UCLA.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/varsity-times/la-sp-vi-football-kennedy-polamalu-is-headed-to-ucla-20131204,0,5537437.story | work=Los Angeles Times | first=Eric | last=Sondheimer | title=Football: Kennedy Polamalu is headed to UCLA | date=December 4, 2013}}</ref> In July 2013, Polamalu decided to coach his son at Loyola High School in Los Angeles. He coached the running backs and was the Specials Team Coordinator. He only coached there for a year until he got an offer to coach at UCLA. ===UCLA=== On January 13, 2016, UCLA announced that it has promoted Polamalu to offensive coordinator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=210633290|title=Football Staff Hires and Promotion|work=UCLA Athletics|date=January 13, 2016|access-date=January 14, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160223211544/http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=210633290|archive-date=February 23, 2016}}</ref> Following the loss to California on November 26, 2016, Polamalu's contract at UCLA was not renewed. ===Minnesota Vikings=== In January 2017, the [[Minnesota Vikings]] officially announced the hiring of Polamalu as the team's running back coach.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vikings.com/news/article-1/5-Things-to-Know-About-New-Vikings-RB-Coach-Kennedy-Polamalu/da799fb9-299c-41b6-a8fb-a7577fb84bc9 |title=5 Things to Know About New Vikings RB Coach Kennedy Polamalu |publisher=Minnesota Vikings |date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202040701/http://www.vikings.com/news/article-1/5-Things-to-Know-About-New-Vikings-RB-Coach-Kennedy-Polamalu/da799fb9-299c-41b6-a8fb-a7577fb84bc9 |archive-date=2 February 2017}}</ref> He, along with the rest of the coaching staff was let go after the 2021 season. ===Las Vegas Raiders=== In 2022 he became the running backs coach for the Raiders.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aspuria |first=Ray |date=2022-02-23 |title=New Raiders RB coach lands in solid spot |url=https://www.silverandblackpride.com/2022/2/23/22946150/raiders-kennedy-polamalu-runnning-backs-coach |access-date=2024-02-21 |website=Silver And Black Pride |language=en}}</ref> On February 2 Polamalu was not retained by new Raiders head coach [[Antonio Pierce]] and the Raiders after they hired [[DeShaun Foster]] as the Raiders' new running backs coach. Foster later backed out to become the head coach of the UCLA Bruins and Polamalu was replaced by [[Cadillac Williams]] ===Seattle Seahawks=== In February 2024, Polamalu joined head coach [[Mike Macdonald]] as running backs coach for the Seahawks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-16 |title=Seahawks are expected to hire Kennedy Polamalu as RBs coach |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/seahawks-are-expected-to-hire-kennedy-polamalu-as-rbs-coach |access-date=2024-02-21 |website=NBC Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Personal life== Polamalu is married to Stephanie Nelson and they share six children K.C., Matthew, Tre, Sophia, Andrew, and Xander. They also have a daughter-in-law Theresa Pola and two grandsons, Tre and Koa. He was born the day [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|President Kennedy was assassinated]], and was named in his honor. He graduated from [[Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California)|Mater Dei High School]] in [[Santa Ana, California]], in 1982 where he also played basketball and ran track and field and was Student Body President his [[Twelfth grade|senior]] year. Polamalu's brother, Aoatoa, played [[nose tackle]] at [[Penn State Nittany Lions football|Penn State]] from 1984 to 1988.<ref name=aoatoa>{{cite web |url=http://usctrojans.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/082100aab.html |title=Football Opens Against Penn State In Kickoff Classic XVIII |publisher=USC Sports Information |date=August 21, 2000 |access-date=April 9, 2008 |archive-date=December 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206060639/http://usctrojans.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/082100aab.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Upon moving to [[California]] from [[American Samoa]] in the mid-1970s, Kennedy's family shortened their last name to Pola. In 2011, he began the process of legally changing it back to Polamalu while preparing for a return to Samoa. In June,<ref name=NameChangeESPN>[https://www.espn.com/blog/los-angeles/usc/post/_/id/7107/football-kennedy-pola-goes-home-changes-his-name "Football: Kennedy Pola goes home, changes his name"], Pedro Moura, [[ESPN]], June 30, 2011</ref> he was part of a contingent that included former USC players [[Rey Maualuga]], [[Deuce Lutui]], [[Malaefou MacKenzie]] and others who returned to Samoa for a football camp sponsored by his nephew, former [[USC Trojans football|USC Trojans]] All-American and [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] safety [[Troy Polamalu]].<ref name=NameChangeESPN/> His name change became official in August 2011. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219214341/http://www.uclabruins.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=30500&ATCLID=209335285 UCLA profile] {{NFL running back coaches}} {{2003 USC Trojans football navbox}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Polamalu, Kennedy}} [[Category:1963 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American football fullbacks]] [[Category:American Samoan Roman Catholics]] [[Category:American sportspeople of Samoan descent]] [[Category:Cleveland Browns coaches]] [[Category:Colorado Buffaloes football coaches]] [[Category:High school football coaches in California]] [[Category:Jacksonville Jaguars coaches]] [[Category:San Diego State Aztecs football coaches]] [[Category:UCLA Bruins football coaches]] [[Category:USC Trojans football coaches]] [[Category:USC Trojans football players]] [[Category:People from Pago Pago]] [[Category:Players of American football from American Samoa]] [[Category:Players of American football from Orange County, California]] [[Category:Las Vegas Raiders coaches]] [[Category:Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California) alumni]] [[Category:Seattle Seahawks coaches]] [[Category:Coaches of American football from California]] [[Category:Loyola High School (Los Angeles) alumni]] [[Category:Pacific Islander American players of American football]]

1,296,238,106

[{"title": "Seattle Seahawks", "data": {"Position": "Running backs coach"}}, {"title": "Personal information", "data": {"Born": "November 22, 1963 \u00b7 Pago Pago, American Samoa"}}, {"title": "Career information", "data": {"High school": "Mater Dei (Santa Ana, California)", "College": "USC", "NFL draft": "1986: undrafted"}}, {"title": "As a coach:", "data": {"As a coach:": "- UCLA (1992\u20131993) \u00b7 Graduate assistant - San Diego State (1994\u20131996) \u00b7 Running backs coach & special teams coordinator - Colorado (1997\u20131998) \u00b7 Running backs coach - San Diego State (1999) \u00b7 Linebackers coach - USC (2000) \u00b7 Running backs coach - USC (2001) \u00b7 Special teams coordinator - USC (2002\u20132003) \u00b7 Running backs coach & special teams coordinator - Cleveland Browns (2004) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Jacksonville Jaguars (2005\u20132009) \u00b7 Running backs coach - USC (2010\u20132012) \u00b7 Offensive coordinator & running backs coach - UCLA (2014\u20132015) \u00b7 Running backs coach - UCLA (2016) \u00b7 Offensive coordinator - Minnesota Vikings (2017\u20132021) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Las Vegas Raiders (2021\u20132023) \u00b7 Running backs coach - Seattle Seahawks (2024\u2013present) \u00b7 Running backs coach"}}]

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# Tahua Municipality Tahua Municipality is the second municipal section of the Daniel Campos Province in the Potosí Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Tahua. ## Geography Tahua Municipality lies in the Altiplano at the Uyuni salt flat. Some of the highest mountains of the municipality are listed below: - Ch'iyar Qullu - Jisk'a Wat'a - Lluqu Lluqu - Muruq'u Qullu - Wila Qullu - Wila Wilani - Jorth Carolina ## Subdivision The municipality consists of the following cantons: - Ayque - Cacoma - Caquena - Coqueza - Tahua - Yonza ## The people The people are predominantly indigenous citizens of Aymara descent. | Ethnic group | % | | ------------------------- | ---- | | Quechua | 6.0 | | Aymara | 90.5 | | Guaraní, Chiquitos, Moxos | 0.1 | | Not indigenous | 3.3 | | Other indigenous groups | 0.0 |

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32,817,060

Tahua Municipality

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahua_Municipality

2024-05-18T06:31:51Z

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Q1477909

61,284

{{Infobox settlement   |official_name = Tahua Municipality |other_name = |native_name = Tawa |nickname = |settlement_type = Municipality |motto =  |image_skyline = Coquesa y Salar de Uyuni - Potosí - Bolivia.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = The village of Coquesa and [[Salar de Uyuni]] in Tahua Municipality |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map =51402 Tahua Municipio.png |mapsize = |map_caption =Location within Potosí Department |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map =Bolivia |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location within Bolivia  |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name ={{flag|Bolivia}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Departments of Bolivia|Department]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Potosí Department]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Bolivia|Province]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Daniel Campos Province]]  |seat_type = Seat |seat = [[Tahua, Potosí|Tahua]]  |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 =  |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title =  |established_date = |established_title2 =  |established_date2 = |established_title3 =  |established_date3 =  |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial  |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 =3272 |area_land_km2 =  |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi =  |population_as_of = 2001 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 2166 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 =[[Aymara people|Aymara]] |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi =  |timezone = BOT |utc_offset = -4 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|20|18|S|67|24|W|region:BO|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes =  |elevation_m =3700 |elevation_ft =  |postal_code_type =  |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Tahua Municipality''' is the second [[Municipalities of Bolivia|municipal section]] of the [[Daniel Campos Province]] in the [[Potosí Department]] in [[Bolivia]]. Its seat is [[Tahua, Potosí|Tahua]]. == Geography == Tahua Municipality lies in the [[Altiplano]] at the [[Salar de Uyuni|Uyuni]] salt flat. Some of the highest mountains of the municipality are listed below:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=051402&tipo=1|title=Tahua|author= |publisher=INE, Bolivia|access-date=October 16, 2015}}</ref> * Ch'iyar Qullu * Jisk'a Wat'a * Lluqu Lluqu * Muruq'u Qullu * Wila Qullu * Wila Wilani * Jorth Carolina == Subdivision == The municipality consists of the following cantons: * [[Ayque Canton|Ayque]] * [[Cacoma Canton|Cacoma]] * [[Caquena Canton|Caquena]] * [[Coqueza Canton|Coqueza]] * [[Tahua Canton|Tahua]] * [[Yonza Canton|Yonza]] == The people == The people are predominantly [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|indigenous]] citizens of [[Aymara people|Aymara]] descent.<ref name="desc">obd.descentralizacion.gov.bo/municipal/fichas/ (inactive)</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:25%;" border="1" |-bgcolor=#EFEFEF ! '''Ethnic group''' ! '''%''' |- |[[Quechuas|Quechua]] |align="right" |6.0 |- |[[Aymara people|Aymara]] |align="right" |90.5 |- |[[Guarani people|Guaraní]], [[Chiquitos]], [[Moxos people|Moxos]] |align="right" |0.1 |- |Not [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|indigenous]] |align="right" |3.3 |- |Other indigenous groups |align="right" |0.0 |- |} == See also == * [[Incahuasi Island|Inkawasi Island]] * [[Isla del Pescado]] == References == <references /> == External links == *[http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=051402&tipo=1 Tahua Municipality: population data and map] {{Potosí Department}} [[Category:Municipalities of Potosí Department]] {{Potosí-geo-stub}}

1,224,407,212

[{"title": "Tahua Municipality Tawa", "data": {"Country": "Bolivia", "Department": "Potos\u00ed Department", "Province": "Daniel Campos Province", "Seat": "Tahua"}}, {"title": "Area", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "1,263 sq mi (3,272 km2)", "Elevation": "12,100 ft (3,700 m)"}}, {"title": "Population (2001)", "data": {"\u2022 Total": "2,166", "\u2022 Ethnicities": "Aymara", "Time zone": "UTC-4 (BOT)"}}]

false

# The Smoke Ring (novel) The Smoke Ring is a 1987 science fiction novel by Larry Niven. Like much of Niven's work, the story is heavily influenced by the setting: a gas torus, a ring of air around a neutron star. It is a sequel to The Integral Trees. ## Setting The story is set at the fictional neutron star Levoy's Star (abbreviated "Voy"). The gas giant Goldblatt's World (abbreviated "Gold") orbits the star just outside its Roche limit. While Gold's gravity is enough to keep it from being pulled apart by Voy's tidal forces, it is insufficient to hold its atmosphere, which has been pulled loose into an independent orbit around Voy. This orbiting air forms a ring known as a gas torus. The gas torus is huge—one million kilometers thick—but most of it is too thin to be habitable. The central part of the Gas Torus, where the air is thicker, is known as the Smoke Ring. The Smoke Ring supports a wide variety of life. Robert L. Forward helped Niven calculate the parameters of the ring. There is no "ground" in the Smoke Ring; it is a world consisting entirely of sky. Thus, most animals can fly, even the fish. Furthermore, since the Smoke Ring is in orbit, it is in free fall. There is no "up" or "down", only "in" or "out" from Voy. Humans moving in the Smoke Ring use a poetic adage to aid their understanding of orbital mechanics: "East takes you Out, Out takes you West, West takes you In, In takes you East. Port and Starboard bring you back". (In the novel, the characters also say: "North and South bring you back".) Most animals have trilateral symmetry, allowing them to see in all directions. Most plants in the Smoke Ring are quite fragile, as they do not have to support their own weight. A notable exception to this rule are the Integral Trees. These are trees that are up to 100 kilometers long. Tidal locking causes them to be oriented radially, with one end pointing in toward Voy and one end pointing out. The ends of the tree experience a tidal force of up to 1⁄5 g. Each end consists of a leafy "tuft", which is where photosynthesis occurs. Each tuft of a tree is 50 kilometers from the tree's center of mass. Thus, a tuft is either orbiting too slowly (the in tuft) or too quickly (the out tuft). Since the atmosphere at either end is moving at its local orbital speed, the ends of trees are subject to a constant hurricane-force wind. This wind bends the ends into the shape of an integral symbol: ∫. The Smoke Ring was colonized 500 years prior to the beginning of the story by a crew of 20 astronauts. Their descendants have adapted to the free-fall environment by growing taller and developing prehensile toes. According to N-Space, the wings and the method of self-propelled flying featured in the novel were suggested by Isaac Asimov. ## Plot summary This book takes place about fifteen years after the end of the original story, when survivors of the Dalton-Quinn tree, a few Carther States jungle dwellers, and two London Tree Citizens have settled on a new tree. This 'Citizen's Tree' has become a stable community which some believe may be too small to survive in the long run. Kendy, the recorded personality of a citizen of "The State" who exists in the computer of the original space-ship that colonized the Smoke Ring, has become impatient. He decides to re-establish contact with Citizen's Tree. Kendy manipulates a group into making contact with "The Admiralty", a neighboring civilization at Gold's L4 Lagrange Point (which they refer to as "the Clump"). The group explores this more advanced civilization with a mixture of wonder and trepidation. Although much of the story is a sort of "travelogue" exploring the Smoke Ring and the technology used in the unique environment, The Smoke Ring does spend more time on story and character development than The Integral Trees. One of the drivers for the story follows the latest operator of "the silver suit", the Citizen's Tree's working spacesuit. Few are capable of operating the suit due to its size; due to the lack of gravity, most humans in the Smoke Ring grow too tall to fit into it. The job goes to the occasionally born "dwarves" who tend to develop into humans of Earth-normal height and build. A major sub-plot develops around the latest silver suit operator's attempts to infiltrate The Admiralty to gain information, and The Admiralty's near obsession with capturing the Citizen's Tree's spacesuit. This focuses on the story of Kendy and the original mission. The chain of events that led to the colonization of the Smoke Ring through a "mutiny" on the ship is explored. After retrieving the crew's own records of the events, Kendy realizes that the crew had not mutinied at all, and that he had forced them off the ship, believing this to be in keeping with his orders from Earth. This was apparently blocked from his memory, and he suffers a form of breakdown when he learns (or re-learns) the truth. ## Literary significance and reception The Magill Book Reviews said in 1990 that "the societies and science in the book are very well-researched. It is, however, a "hard" science fiction novel, and it has the weakness endemic to that genre – the individual characters are never satisfyingly drawn, so that the reader is somewhat distanced from them." The Library Journal said in 1987 that "the alien topography of this sequel to The Integral Trees serves as a fascinating contrast to the persistence of humanity's adventuring spirit". J. Michael Caparula reviewed The Smoke Ring in Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer No. 81. Caparula commented that "The setting is, naturally, spectacular, but a lot of the freshness has worn off. Ringworld merited a sequel, The Integral Trees did not." ## Sources - Larry Niven (1984). The Integral Trees. Del Rey. ISBN 0-345-32065-4.

enwiki/1085364

enwiki

1,085,364

The Smoke Ring (novel)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Smoke_Ring_(novel)

2025-03-29T21:22:25Z

en

Q7764931

59,414

{{Short description|1987 novel by Larry Niven}} {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}} {{infobox book | | name = The Smoke Ring | title_orig = | translator = | image = The smoke ring.jpg | caption = First edition | author = [[Larry Niven]] | illustrator = | cover_artist = [[Michael Whelan]] | country = United States | language = English | series = [[The State (Larry Niven)|The State]] | genre = [[Science fiction]] | publisher = [[Del Rey Books]] | release_date = 1987 | english_release_date = | media_type = Print (hardback & paperback) | pages = 302 | isbn = 0-345-30256-7 | preceded_by = [[The Integral Trees]] | followed_by_quotation_marks = [[N-Space (short story collection)|The Kiteman]] }} '''''The Smoke Ring''''' is a 1987 [[science fiction]] novel by [[Larry Niven]]. Like much of Niven's work, the story is heavily influenced by the setting: a [[gas torus]], a ring of air around a [[neutron star]]. It is a sequel to ''[[The Integral Trees]]''. ==Setting== The story is set at the fictional neutron star Levoy's Star (abbreviated "Voy"). The [[gas giant]] Goldblatt's World (abbreviated "Gold") orbits the star just outside its [[Roche limit]]. While Gold's gravity is enough to keep it from being pulled apart by Voy's [[tidal force]]s, it is insufficient to hold its atmosphere, which has been pulled loose into an independent orbit around Voy. This orbiting air forms a ring known as a [[gas torus]]. The gas torus is huge—one [[million]] kilometers thick—but most of it is too thin to be habitable. The central part of the Gas Torus, where the air is thicker, is known as the Smoke Ring. The Smoke Ring supports a wide variety of life. [[Robert L. Forward]] helped Niven calculate the parameters of the ring. There is no "ground" in the Smoke Ring; it is a world consisting entirely of sky. Thus, most animals can fly, even the fish. Furthermore, since the Smoke Ring is in orbit, it is in [[free fall]]. There is no "up" or "down", only "in" or "out" from Voy. Humans moving in the Smoke Ring use a poetic adage to aid their understanding of orbital mechanics: "East takes you Out, Out takes you West, West takes you In, In takes you East. Port and Starboard bring you back".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Niven|first1=Larry|title=Teaching Physics (and more) with Niven|url=http://www.larryniven.net/physics/img34.shtml|accessdate=19 January 2018}}</ref> (In the novel, the characters also say: "North and South bring you back".) [[Image:integral-tree.svg|thumb|Illustration of an "Integral Tree"]] Most animals have [[trilateral symmetry]], allowing them to see in all directions. Most plants in the Smoke Ring are quite fragile, as they do not have to support their own weight. A notable exception to this rule are the Integral Trees. These are trees that are up to 100 kilometers long. [[Tidal locking]] causes them to be oriented radially, with one end pointing in toward Voy and one end pointing out. The ends of the tree experience a tidal force of up to {{frac|1|5}} [[g-force|''g'']]. Each end consists of a leafy "tuft", which is where photosynthesis occurs. Each tuft of a tree is 50 kilometers from the tree's [[center of mass]]. Thus, a tuft is either orbiting too slowly (the in tuft) or too quickly (the out tuft). Since the atmosphere at either end is moving at its local orbital speed, the ends of trees are subject to a constant hurricane-force wind. This wind bends the ends into the shape of an [[integral]] symbol: ∫. The Smoke Ring was colonized 500 years prior to the beginning of the story by a crew of 20 astronauts. Their descendants have adapted to the free-fall environment by growing taller and developing prehensile toes. According to ''[[N-Space (short story collection)|N-Space]]'', the wings and the method of self-propelled flying featured in the novel were suggested by [[Isaac Asimov]]. ==Plot summary== This book takes place about fifteen years after the end of the original story, when survivors of the Dalton-Quinn tree, a few Carther States jungle dwellers, and two London Tree Citizens have settled on a new tree. This 'Citizen's Tree' has become a stable community which some believe may be too small to survive in the long run. Kendy, the recorded personality of a citizen of "[[The State (Larry Niven)|The State]]" who exists in the computer of the original space-ship that colonized the Smoke Ring, has become impatient. He decides to re-establish contact with Citizen's Tree. Kendy manipulates a group into making contact with "The Admiralty", a neighboring civilization at Gold's L4 [[Lagrange Point]] (which they refer to as "the Clump"). The group explores this more advanced civilization with a mixture of wonder and trepidation. Although much of the story is a sort of "[[Travel journal|travelogue]]" exploring the Smoke Ring and the technology used in the unique environment, ''The Smoke Ring'' does spend more time on story and character development than ''The Integral Trees''. One of the drivers for the story follows the latest operator of "the silver suit", the Citizen's Tree's working spacesuit. Few are capable of operating the suit due to its size; due to the lack of gravity, most humans in the Smoke Ring grow too tall to fit into it. The job goes to the occasionally born "dwarves" who tend to develop into humans of Earth-normal height and build. A major sub-plot develops around the latest silver suit operator's attempts to infiltrate The Admiralty to gain information, and The Admiralty's near obsession with capturing the Citizen's Tree's spacesuit. This focuses on the story of Kendy and the original mission. The chain of events that led to the colonization of the Smoke Ring through a "mutiny" on the ship is explored. After retrieving the crew's own records of the events, Kendy realizes that the crew had not mutinied at all, and that he had forced them off the ship, believing this to be in keeping with his orders from Earth. This was apparently blocked from his memory, and he suffers a form of breakdown when he learns (or re-learns) the truth. ==Literary significance and reception== The [[Magill Book Reviews]] said in 1990 that "the societies and science in the book are very well-researched. It is, however, a "hard" science fiction novel, and it has the weakness endemic to that genre – the individual characters are never satisfyingly drawn, so that the reader is somewhat distanced from them."<ref>{{cite journal|date=1990-01-01|title=The Smoke Ring|journal=Magill Book Reviews|issn=0890-7722}}</ref> The [[Library Journal]] said in 1987 that "the alien topography of this sequel to ''[[The Integral Trees]]'' serves as a fascinating contrast to the persistence of humanity's adventuring spirit".<ref>{{cite journal|date=1987-04-15|title=The Smoke Ring (Book)|journal=Library Journal|volume= 112|issue= 7|page=102|issn=0363-0277}}</ref> J. Michael Caparula reviewed ''The Smoke Ring'' in ''[[The Space Gamer|Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer]]'' No. 81.<ref name="SG">{{cite journal|last=Caparula |first=J. Michael |date=1987|title=Space/Fantasy Reader|journal=[[The Space Gamer|Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer]]|publisher=[[Diverse Talents, Incorporated]]|issue=81|pages=46}}</ref> Caparula commented that "The setting is, naturally, spectacular, but a lot of the freshness has worn off. ''[[Ringworld]]'' merited a sequel, ''The Integral Trees'' did not."<ref name="SG"/> ==See also== * [[Neutron stars in fiction]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Sources== *{{cite book|author=Larry Niven|title=The Integral Trees|year=1984|publisher=Del Rey|isbn=0-345-32065-4|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/integraltrees00nive}} {{Larry Niven}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Smoke Ring, The}} [[Category:1987 American novels]] [[Category:1987 science fiction novels]] [[Category:American science fiction novels]] [[Category:Fiction about gas giants]] [[Category:Novels by Larry Niven]] [[Category:Del Rey books]] [[Category:Ballantine Books books]] [[Category:Fiction set around neutron stars]] [[Category:Books with cover art by Michael Whelan]]

1,283,002,789

[{"title": "The Smoke Ring", "data": {"Author": "Larry Niven", "Cover artist": "Michael Whelan", "Language": "English", "Series": "The State", "Genre": "Science fiction", "Publisher": "Del Rey Books", "Publication date": "1987", "Publication place": "United States", "Media type": "Print (hardback & paperback)", "Pages": "302", "ISBN": "0-345-30256-7", "Preceded by": "The Integral Trees", "Followed by": "\"The Kiteman\""}}]

false

# Vasyl Stolyar Vasyl Stolyar (Ukrainian: Василь Столяр) (born April 11, 1962, in Lutsk) is a Ukrainian businessman and chairman of FC Volyn Lutsk. ## President of FC Volyn Lutsk In March 2000, Vasyl Stolyar founded the Junior Football School "Femida-Inter" (Lutsk), presently Junior Football School "Volyn". Since January 2001 – FC Volyn Lutsk vice-president. Holds the position of FC Volyn Lutsk president since 2003. ## Political activities Stolyar is a member of the Volyn Oblast council (the parliament of Volyn Oblast) since 2006; during the 2006 Ukrainian local elections he was elected on the list of Our Ukraine and during the 2010 Ukrainian local elections he was elected for Front of Changes. As a member of Front of Changes. On 15 June 2013 his Front for Change (party) merged into "Fatherland". ## Family Stolyar is divorced and has three sons.

enwiki/32204927

enwiki

32,204,927

Vasyl Stolyar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasyl_Stolyar

2025-06-27T20:41:36Z

en

Q7917062

35,009

{{Short description|Ukrainian businessman}} {{Update|type=|date=July 2020|reason=}}{{Infobox person | name = Vasyl Stolyar Василь Столяр | image =Vasyl Stolyar.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|4|11}} | birth_place = [[Lutsk]], [[Ukrainian SSR]] | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = [[Chairperson|Chairman]], FC Volyn Lutsk | spouse = | website = | children = 3 }} '''Vasyl Stolyar''' ({{langx|uk|Василь Столяр}}) (born April 11, 1962, in [[Lutsk]]<ref name=VPVS221211>{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.volynpost.com/articles/26-vasyl-stoliar-poka-pechatayut-dengy-ony-u-vseh-mogut-byt-prosto-yh-nado-pravylno-podniat Василь Столяр: «Пока печатают деньги, они у всех могут быть. Просто их надо правильно поднять» ''Just raise the right's mercy''], [[Volyn Post]] (22 December 2011)</ref>) is a [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] businessman and chairman of [[FC Volyn Lutsk]]. == President of FC Volyn Lutsk == In March 2000, Vasyl Stolyar founded the Junior Football School "Femida-Inter" (Lutsk), presently Junior Football School "Volyn". Since January 2001 – FC Volyn Lutsk vice-president. Holds the position of FC Volyn Lutsk president since 2003.<ref name=VPVS221211/><ref name=VSVOC>{{in lang|uk}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104655/http://volynrada.gov.ua/deputy/stolyar-vasil-andriiovich Short biography], [[Volyn Oblast council]]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html |title=Керівництво : ФК Волинь : www.fc.volyn.net |website=fc.volyn.net |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821034316/http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html |archive-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Political activities== Stolyar is a member of the [[Volyn Oblast council]] (the parliament of [[Volyn Oblast]]) since 2006; during the 2006 Ukrainian local elections he was elected on the list of [[Our Ukraine (political party)|Our Ukraine]] and during the [[2010 Ukrainian local elections]] he was elected for [[Front of Changes]].<ref name=VPVS221211/> As a member of Front of Changes.<ref name=VSVOC/> On 15 June 2013 his Front for Change (party) merged into [[All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"|"Fatherland"]].<ref name="mergeBatFoCROPJune2013">[http://www.interfax.co.uk/ukraine-news/sobolev-front-for-change-and-reform-and-order-party-to-join-batkivschyna/ Sobolev: Front for Change and Reform and Order Party to join Batkivschyna], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (11 June 2013) [http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/news/front_for_change_reforms_and_order_to_dissolve_for_merger_with_batkivshchyna___sobolev_304988 Front for Change, Reforms and Order to dissolve for merger with Batkivshchyna - Sobolev], [[Ukrinform]] (11 June 2013)</ref> == Family == Stolyar is divorced and has three sons.<ref name=VSVOC/><ref name=VPVS221211/> == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://fc.volyn.net/administracija.html Vasyl Stolyar's profile on FC Volyn Lutsk official website] {{in lang|en}} {{s-start}} {{succession box | title=Football Federation of Volyn | before=[[Ihor Bezuhlyi]] | after=[[Vitaliy Kvartsianyi]] | years=2009–2013}} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stolyar, Vasyl}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Lutsk]] [[Category:Ukrainian businesspeople]] [[Category:Front for Change (Ukraine) politicians]] [[Category:Ukrainian football chairmen and investors]] [[Category:Batkivshchyna politicians]] [[Category:FC Volyn Lutsk]] {{Ukraine-politician-stub}}

1,297,685,154

[{"title": "Vasyl Stolyar \u00b7 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440", "data": {"Born": "April 11, 1962 \u00b7 Lutsk, Ukrainian SSR", "Occupation(s)": "Chairman, FC Volyn Lutsk", "Children": "3"}}]

false

# Hugh Walpole bibliography Sir Hugh Seymour Walpole, a 20th-century English novelist, had a large and varied output. Between 1909 and 1941 he wrote thirty-six novels, five volumes of short stories, two original plays and three volumes of memoirs. His range included disturbing studies of the macabre, children's stories and historical fiction, most notably his "Herries" series, set in the Lake District. ## Books | Title | First published | British publisher | US publisher | Notes | Online edition | | ---------------------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | | The Wooden Horse | 1909 | Smith, Elder | Doran | | The Wooden Horse at Faded Page (Canada) | | Maradick at Forty: A Transition | 1910 | Smith, Elder | Doran | | Maradick at Forty: A Transition at Faded Page (Canada) | | Mr Perrin and Mr Traill | 1911 | Mills and Boon | Doran | revised for the US version as The Gods and Mr Perrin: subsequently filmed (1948). | The Gods and Mr Perrin at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Prelude to Adventure | 1912 | Mills and Boon | Doran | | Prelude to Adventure at Faded Page (Canada) | | Fortitude | 1913 | Martin Secker | Doran | | Fortitude at Project Gutenberg | | The Duchess of Wrexe, Her Decline and Death | 1914 | Martin Secker | Doran | | The Duchess of Wrexe: Her Decline and Death at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Golden Scarecrow | 1915 | Cassell | Doran | short stories: - Prologue - Hugh Seymour - Henry Fitzgeorge Strether - Ernest Henry - Angelina - Bim Rochester - Nancy Ross - 'Enery - Barbara Flint - Sarah Trefusis - Young John Scarlet - Epilogue | The Golden Scarecrow at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Dark Forest | 1916 | Martin Secker | Doran | | The Dark Forest at Faded Page (Canada) | | Joseph Conrad | 1916 | Nisbet | Henry Holt | Biography and criticism | Joseph Conrad at Project Gutenberg | | The Green Mirror | 1918 | Macmillan | Doran | | The Green Mirror at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Secret City | 1919 | Macmillan | Doran | | The Secret City at Project Gutenberg | | Jeremy | 1919 | Cassell | Doran | | Jeremy at Project Gutenberg | | The Art of James Branch Cabell | 1920 | – | R M McBride | | | | The Captives | 1920 | Macmillan | Doran | | The Captives at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Thirteen Travellers | 1920 | Hutchinson | Doran | short stories: - Absalom Jay - Fanny Close - The Hon Clive Torby - Miss Morganhurst - Peter Westcott - Lucy Moon - Mrs Porter and Miss Allen - Lois Drake - Mr Nix - Lizzie Rand - Nobody - Bombastes Furioso | The Thirteen Travellers at Project Gutenberg | | The Young Enchanted | 1921 | Macmillan | Grosset and Dunlap | | The Young Enchanted at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Cathedral | 1922 | Macmillan | Doran | | The Cathedral at Project Gutenberg | | Jeremy and Hamlet | 1923 | Cassell | Doran | | Jeremy and Hamlet at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Crystal Box | 1924 | Privately published by Walpole | – | limited edition of 150 copies | | | The Old Ladies | 1924 | Macmillan | Doran | | The Old Ladies at Faded Page (Canada) | | The English Novel: Some Notes on its Evolution | 1924 | Cambridge University Press | – | not published in the US until 1970 (Folcroft edition) | | | Portrait of a Man with Red Hair | 1925 | Macmillan | Doran | | Portrait of a Man with Red Hair at Faded Page (Canada) | | Harmer John | 1926 | Macmillan | Doran | | Harmer John at Project Gutenberg Australia | | Reading: An Essay | 1926 | Jarrolds | – | | | | Jeremy at Crale | 1927 | Cassell | Doran | | Jeremy at Crale at Faded Page (Canada) | | Anthony Trollope | 1928 | Macmillan | Macmillan | Biography and criticism | | | My Religious Experience | 1928 | Benn | – | | | | The Silver Thorn | 1928 | Macmillan | Doubleday | short stories: - The Little Donkeys with the Crimson Saddles - The Tiger - No Unkindness Intended - Ecstasy - A Picture - Old Elizabeth (A Portrait) - The Etching - Chinese Horses - The Tarn - Major Wilbraham - A Silly Old Fool - The Enemy - The Enemy in Ambush - The Dove - Bachelors | The Silver Thorn: A Book of Stories at Faded Page (Canada) | | Wintersmoon | 1928 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Wintersmoon at Faded Page (Canada) | | Farthing Hall | 1929 | Macmillan | Doubleday | with J B Priestley | | | Hans Frost | 1929 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Hans Frost at Faded Page (Canada) | | Rogue Herries | 1930 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Rogue Herries at Faded Page (Canada) | | Above the Dark Circus | 1931 | Macmillan | Doubleday | published in the US as Above the Dark Tumult | Above the Dark Tumult at Project Gutenberg Australia | | Judith Paris | 1931 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Judith Paris at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Apple Trees: Four Reminiscences | 1932 | Golden Cockerel Press | | – | limited edition of 500 copies | | The Fortress | 1932 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Fortress at Faded Page (Canada) | | A Letter to a Modern Novelist | 1932 | Hogarth | | | A Letter to a Modern Novelist at Faded Page (Canada) | | All Souls' Night | 1933 | Macmillan | Doubleday | short stories: - The Whistle - The Silver Mask - The Staircase - A Carnation for an Old Man - Tarnhelm – or The Death of my Uncle Robert - Mr Oddy - Seashore Macabre – A Moment's Experience - Lilac - The Oldest Talland - The Little Ghost - Mrs Lunt - Sentimental but True - Portrait in Shadow - The Snow - The Ruby Glass - Spanish Dusk | All Soul's Night at Faded Page (Canada) | | Vanessa | 1933 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Vanessa at Faded Page (Canada) | | Extracts from a Diary | 1934 | Privately published by Walpole | | | | | Captain Nicholas | 1934 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Captain Nicholas at Project Gutenberg Australia | | Cathedral Carol Service | 1934 | Faber and Faber | – | an episode from "The Inquisitor" | | | The Inquisitor | 1935 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Inquisitor at Faded Page (Canada) | | Claude Houghton: Appreciations | 1935 | Heinemann | – | with Clemence Dane | | | A Prayer for My Son | 1936 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | A Prayer for my Son at Project Gutenberg Australia | | John Cornelius: His Life and Adventures | 1937 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | John Cornelius... at Faded Page (Canada) | | Head in Green Bronze and Other Stories | 1938 | Macmillan | Doubleday | short stories: - Head in Green Bronze - The German - The Exile - The Train - The Haircut - Let The Bores Tremble - The Honey-Box - The Fear of Death - The Field with Five Trees - Having No Hearts - The Conjurer | Head in Green Bronze at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Joyful Delaneys | 1938 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Joyful Delaneys at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Sea Tower | 1939 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Sea Tower at Faded Page (Canada) | | Roman Fountain | 1940 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | Roman Fountain at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Bright Pavilions | 1940 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Bright Pavilions at Faded Page (Canada) | | The Blind Man's House | 1941 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Blind Man's House at Faded Page (Canada) | | Open Letter of an Optimist | 1941 | Macmillan | – | | | | The Killer and the Slain | 1942 | Macmillan | Doubleday | | The Killer and the Slain at Project Gutenberg Australia | | Katherine Christian | 1943 | Macmillan | Doubleday | UK publication 1944 | Katherine Christian at Faded Page (Canada) | | Mr Huffam and Other Stories | 1948 | Macmillan | | short stories: - The White Cat - The Train to the Sea - The Perfect Close - Service for the Blind - The Faithful Servant - Miss Thom - Women are Motherly - The Beard - The Last Trump - Green Tie - The Church in the Snow - Mr Huffam – A Christmas Story | Mr Huffam and Other Stories at the Internet Archive | ### Book series Some of Walpole's stories were parts of series with related themes: - The London Novels were Fortitude, The Duchess of Wrexe, The Green Mirror, The Captives, The Young Enchanted, Wintersmoon, Hans Frost and Captain Nicholas. - Scenes from Provincial Life included The Cathedral, The Old Ladies, Harmer John and The Inquisitor. - The Herries Chronicle comprises Rogue Herries, Judith Paris, The Fortress and Vanessa. Two later Herries books were The Bright Pavilions and Katherine Christian. - The Jeremy stories were Jeremy, Jeremy and Hamlet and Jeremy at Crale. - Four Fantastic Tales were Maradick at Forty, Prelude to Adventure, Portrait of a Man with Red Hair and Above the Dark Circus. ## Short stories The following stories appeared in The Windsor Magazine: - "The Dog and the Dragon in Reminiscence" (October 1923) - "Red Amber" (December 1923) - "The Garrulous Diplomatist" (December 1924) - "The Adventure of Mrs Farbman" (January 1925) - "The Adventure of the Imaginative Child" (February 1925) - "The Happy Optimist" (March 1925) - "The Dyspeptic Critic" (April 1925) - "The Man Who Lost His Identity" (May 1925) - "The Adventure of the Beautiful Things" (June 1925) - "The War Babies are Growing Up!" (November 1934) ## Other works ### Plays - The Young Huntress, 1933 - The Cathedral (adaptation of his 1922 novel), 1936 - The Haxtons, 1939 ### Editor In 1932 Walpole edited The Waverley Pageant: Best Passages from the Novels of Sir Walter Scott. In 1937 he edited a compilation of short stories, A Second Century of Creepy Stories (Hutchinson, 1937), by a range of writers including Guy de Maupassant, M. R. James, Henry James, Walter de la Mare, Oliver Onions, Walpole himself ("Tarnhelm") and twenty-one others.

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Hugh Walpole bibliography

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Walpole_bibliography

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{{EngvarB|date=June 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} '''[[Hugh Walpole|Sir Hugh Seymour Walpole]]''', a 20th-century English novelist, had a large and varied output. Between 1909 and 1941 he wrote thirty-six novels, five volumes of short stories, two original plays and three volumes of memoirs. His range included disturbing studies of the macabre, children's stories and historical fiction, most notably his "Herries" series, set in the Lake District. ==Books== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: left; margin-right: 0;" ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |First published ! scope="col" |British publisher ! scope="col" |US publisher ! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Notes ! scope="col" |Online edition |- valign="top" | ''The Wooden Horse'' | 1909 | [[Smith, Elder & Co.|Smith, Elder]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150614|name=The Wooden Horse}} |- valign="top" | ''Maradick at Forty: A Transition'' | 1910 | [[Smith, Elder & Co.|Smith, Elder]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20141112|name=Maradick at Forty: A Transition}} |- valign="top" | ''Mr Perrin and Mr Traill'' | 1911 | [[Mills and Boon]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | revised for the US version as ''The Gods and Mr Perrin'': [[Mr. Perrin and Mr. Traill|subsequently filmed (1948)]]. |{{FadedPage|id=20171025|name=The Gods and Mr Perrin}} |- valign="top" | ''The Prelude to Adventure'' | 1912 | [[Mills and Boon]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20170404|name=Prelude to Adventure}} |- valign="top" | ''Fortitude'' | 1913 | [[Martin Secker]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=7887|name=Fortitude}} |- valign="top" | ''The Duchess of Wrexe, Her Decline and Death'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iaJHAAAAYAAJ ''The Duchess of Wrexe''] (1914)</ref> | 1914 | [[Martin Secker]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150615|name=The Duchess of Wrexe: Her Decline and Death}} |- valign="top" | ''The Golden Scarecrow'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5_0nAAAAMAAJ ''The Golden Scarecrow''] (1915)</ref> | 1915 | [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | short stories:{{smalldiv| *Prologue *Hugh Seymour *Henry Fitzgeorge Strether *Ernest Henry *Angelina *Bim Rochester *Nancy Ross *'Enery *Barbara Flint *Sarah Trefusis *Young John Scarlet *Epilogue }} |{{FadedPage|id=20150612|name=The Golden Scarecrow}} |- valign="top" | ''The Dark Forest'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=o6ysmQ0EH9gC ''The Dark Forest''] (1916)</ref> | 1916 | [[Martin Secker]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150613|name=The Dark Forest}} |- valign="top" | ''[[Joseph Conrad]]'' | 1916 | Nisbet | [[Henry Holt and Company|Henry Holt]] | Biography and criticism |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=52453|name=Joseph Conrad}} |- valign="top" | ''The Green Mirror'' | 1918 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150337|name=The Green Mirror}} |- valign="top" | ''The Secret City'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=M301AAAAMAAJ ''The Secret City''] (1919)</ref> | 1919 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=12349|name=The Secret City}} |- valign="top" | ''Jeremy'' | 1919 | [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=3474|name=Jeremy}} |- valign="top" | ''The Art of [[James Branch Cabell]]'' | 1920 | – | R M McBride | | |- valign="top" | ''The Captives'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qXw1AAAAMAAJ ''The Captives''] (1920)</ref> | 1920 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150611|name=The Captives}} |- valign="top" | ''The Thirteen Travellers'' | 1920 | [[Hutchinson (publisher)|Hutchinson]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | short stories:{{smalldiv| *Absalom Jay *Fanny Close *The Hon Clive Torby *Miss Morganhurst *Peter Westcott *Lucy Moon *Mrs Porter and Miss Allen *Lois Drake *Mr Nix *Lizzie Rand *Nobody *Bombastes Furioso }} |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=60278|name=The Thirteen Travellers}} |- valign="top" | ''The Young Enchanted'' <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=tr3TAAAAMAAJ ''The Young Enchanted''] (1921)</ref> | 1921 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Grosset & Dunlap|Grosset and Dunlap]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20131101|name=The Young Enchanted}} |- valign="top" | ''The Cathedral'' <ref> [https://books.google.com/books?id=ouO8T7uxnwIC ''The Cathedral''] (1922)</ref> | 1922 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{Gutenberg|bullet=none|no=8135|name=The Cathedral}} |- valign="top" | ''Jeremy and [[Hamlet]]'' | 1923 | [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150705|name=Jeremy and Hamlet}} |- valign="top" | ''The Crystal Box'' | 1924 | Privately published by Walpole | – | limited edition of 150 copies | |- valign="top" | ''The Old Ladies'' | 1924 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20161206|name=The Old Ladies}} |- valign="top" | ''The English Novel: Some Notes on its Evolution'' | 1924 | [[Cambridge University Press]] | – | not published in the US until 1970 (Folcroft edition) | |- valign="top" | ''Portrait of a Man with Red Hair'' | 1925 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20150660|name=Portrait of a Man with Red Hair}} |- valign="top" | ''Harmer John'' | 1926 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{Gutenberg Australia |id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole |name=Harmer John}} |- valign="top" | ''Reading: An Essay'' | 1926 | Jarrolds | – | | |- valign="top" | ''Jeremy at Crale'' | 1927 | [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doran]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20121213|name=Jeremy at Crale}} |- valign="top" | ''[[Anthony Trollope]]'' | 1928 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | Biography and criticism | |- valign="top" | ''My Religious Experience'' | 1928 | Benn | – | | |- valign="top" | ''The Silver Thorn'' | 1928 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | short stories:{{smalldiv| *The Little Donkeys with the Crimson Saddles *The Tiger *No Unkindness Intended *Ecstasy *A Picture *Old Elizabeth (A Portrait) *The Etching *Chinese Horses *The Tarn *Major Wilbraham *A Silly Old Fool *The Enemy *The Enemy in Ambush *The Dove *Bachelors }} |{{FadedPage|id=20160906|name=The Silver Thorn: A Book of Stories}} |- valign="top" | ''[[Wintersmoon]]'' | 1928 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20121220|name=Wintersmoon}} |- valign="top" | ''Farthing Hall'' | 1929 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | with J B Priestley | |- valign="top" | ''Hans Frost'' | 1929 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20140317|name=Hans Frost}} |- valign="top" | ''[[Rogue Herries]]'' | 1930 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20140405|name=Rogue Herries}} |- valign="top" | ''Above the Dark Circus'' | 1931 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | published in the US as ''Above the Dark Tumult'' |{{Gutenberg Australia |id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole |name=Above the Dark Tumult}} |- valign="top" | ''Judith Paris'' | 1931 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20130844|name=Judith Paris}} |- valign="top" | ''The Apple Trees: Four Reminiscences'' | 1932 | [[Golden Cockerel Press]] | | – |limited edition of 500 copies |- valign="top" | ''The Fortress'' | 1932 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20140914|name=The Fortress}} |- valign="top" | ''A Letter to a Modern Novelist'' | 1932 | [[Hogarth Press|Hogarth]] | | |{{FadedPage|id=20191219|name=A Letter to a Modern Novelist}} |- valign="top" | ''All Souls' Night'' | 1933 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | short stories:{{smalldiv| *The Whistle *The Silver Mask *The Staircase *A Carnation for an Old Man *Tarnhelm – or The Death of my Uncle Robert *Mr Oddy *Seashore Macabre – A Moment's Experience *Lilac *The Oldest Talland *The Little Ghost *Mrs Lunt *Sentimental but True *Portrait in Shadow *The Snow *The Ruby Glass *Spanish Dusk }} |{{FadedPage|id=20170303|name=All Soul's Night}} |- valign="top" | ''Vanessa'' | 1933 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20140437|name=Vanessa}} |- valign="top" | ''Extracts from a Diary'' | 1934 | Privately published by Walpole | | | |- valign="top" | ''Captain Nicholas'' | 1934 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{Gutenberg Australia |id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole |name=Captain Nicholas}} |- valign="top" | ''Cathedral Carol Service '' | 1934 | Faber and Faber | – | an episode from "The Inquisitor" | |- valign="top" | ''The Inquisitor'' | 1935 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20130417|name=The Inquisitor}} |- valign="top" | ''[[Claude Houghton]]: Appreciations'' | 1935 | [[Heinemann (publisher)|Heinemann]] | – | with [[Clemence Dane]] | |- valign="top" | ''A Prayer for My Son'' | 1936 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{Gutenberg Australia |id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole |name=A Prayer for my Son}} |- valign="top" | ''John Cornelius: His Life and Adventures'' | 1937 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20171011|name=John Cornelius...}} |- valign="top" | ''Head in Green Bronze and Other Stories'' | 1938 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] |short stories:{{smalldiv| *Head in Green Bronze *The German *The Exile *The Train *The Haircut *Let The Bores Tremble *The Honey-Box *The Fear of Death *The Field with Five Trees *Having No Hearts *The Conjurer }} |{{FadedPage|id=20160705|name=Head in Green Bronze}} |- valign="top" | ''The Joyful Delaneys'' | 1938 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20160615|name=The Joyful Delaneys}} |- valign="top" | ''The Sea Tower'' | 1939 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20170432|name=The Sea Tower}} |- valign="top" | ''Roman Fountain'' | 1940 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | | {{FadedPage|id=20190534|name=Roman Fountain}} |- valign="top" | ''The Bright Pavilions'' | 1940 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20140205|name=The Bright Pavilions}} |- valign="top" | ''The Blind Man's House'' | 1941 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{FadedPage|id=20121212|name=The Blind Man's House}} |- valign="top" | ''Open Letter of an Optimist'' | 1941 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | – | | |- valign="top" | ''[[The Killer and the Slain]]'' | 1942 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | |{{Gutenberg Australia |id=plusfifty-n-z.html#walpole |name=The Killer and the Slain}} |- valign="top" | ''Katherine Christian'' | 1943 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] | UK publication 1944 |{{FadedPage|id=20140303|name=Katherine Christian}} |- valign="top" | ''Mr Huffam and Other Stories'' | 1948 | [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] | |short stories:{{smalldiv| *The White Cat *The Train to the Sea *The Perfect Close *Service for the Blind *The Faithful Servant *Miss Thom *Women are Motherly *The Beard *The Last Trump *Green Tie *The Church in the Snow *Mr Huffam – A Christmas Story }} |{{Internet Archive|id=in.ernet.dli.2015.462448|name=Mr Huffam and Other Stories}} |} ===Book series=== {{anchor|Book series}} Some of Walpole's stories were parts of series with related themes: *The ''London Novels'' were ''Fortitude'', ''The Duchess of Wrexe'', ''The Green Mirror'', ''The Captives'', ''The Young Enchanted'', ''Wintersmoon'', ''Hans Frost'' and ''Captain Nicholas''. *''Scenes from Provincial Life'' included ''The Cathedral'', ''The Old Ladies'', ''Harmer John'' and ''The Inquisitor''. *''The Herries Chronicle'' comprises ''[[Rogue Herries]]'', ''Judith Paris'', ''The Fortress'' and ''Vanessa''. Two later Herries books were ''The Bright Pavilions'' and ''Katherine Christian''. *The Jeremy stories were ''Jeremy'', ''Jeremy and Hamlet'' and ''Jeremy at Crale''. *''Four Fantastic Tales'' were ''Maradick at Forty'', ''Prelude to Adventure'', ''Portrait of a Man with Red Hair'' and ''Above the Dark Circus''. ==Short stories== The following stories appeared in ''[[The Windsor Magazine]]'': * "The Dog and the Dragon in Reminiscence" (October 1923) * "Red Amber" (December 1923) * "The Garrulous Diplomatist" (December 1924) * "The Adventure of Mrs Farbman" (January 1925) * "The Adventure of the Imaginative Child" (February 1925) * "The Happy Optimist" (March 1925) * "The Dyspeptic Critic" (April 1925) * "The Man Who Lost His Identity" (May 1925) * "The Adventure of the Beautiful Things" (June 1925) * "The War Babies are Growing Up!" (November 1934) ==Other works== === Plays === * ''The Young Huntress'', 1933 * ''The Cathedral'' (adaptation of his 1922 novel), 1936 * ''The Haxtons'', 1939 === Editor === In 1932 Walpole edited ''The Waverley Pageant: Best Passages from the Novels of Sir Walter Scott''. In 1937 he edited a compilation of short stories, ''A Second Century of Creepy Stories'' (Hutchinson, 1937), by a range of writers including [[Guy de Maupassant]], [[M. R. James]], Henry James, [[Walter de la Mare]], [[Oliver Onions]], Walpole himself ("Tarnhelm") and twenty-one others.<ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3011435 "A Second Century of Creepy Stories"] WorldCat. Retrieved 23 November 2013</ref> ==Notes== {{reflist|2}} ==Sources== *{{cite book | last=Hart-Davis | first=Rupert | year=1997| orig-date=1952| title=Hugh Walpole |pages=481–483|location=Stroud, Gloucestershire |publisher=Sutton| isbn=0750914912}} *[http://galenet.galegroup.com "Hugh Walpole"], ''Contemporary Authors Online'', Gale Group. Retrieved 23 November 2013 {{subscription required}} *[http://wwwukwhoswhocom/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U233081 "Walpole, Sir Hugh Seymour"], Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2007 online edition, Oxford University Press, December 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2013 {{subscription required}} *[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AHugh+Walpole&fq=yr%3A1909..1945+%3E&qt=advanced&dblist=638 "Hugh Walpole"], [[WorldCat]]. Retrieved 5 January 2014 ==External links== * {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/hugh-walpole|Display Name=Hugh Walpole}} [[Category:20th-century English novelists]] [[Category:20th-century English male writers]]

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# Fred Kijek Bronislaus "Fred" Kijek (1919-1986) was a Grey Cup champion and All-Star fullback in the early days of Canadian football. He was also an excellent punter and flying wing. The son of Joseph Kijek and Mary Buita, Kijek was a well traveled football player. During World War II he played with his hometown Hamilton Tigers, the Toronto Argonauts (playing five regular season and two playoff games), the Toronto RCAF Hurricanes (with whom he won his first Grey Cup), and the Camp Borden RCAF Fliers. He played for the Toronto Indians for a couple of seasons, then joined the inaugural Montreal Alouettes team in 1946. He won his second Grey Cup with them in 1949, his "terrific" punting being a key to victory. He returned home for his final two seasons with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Kijek was twice an Ontario Rugby Football Union all star. He died on March 21, 1986.

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33,830,312

Fred Kijek

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Kijek

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Q5495660

41,303

{{Infobox gridiron football person | name = Fred Kijek | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = October 4, 1919 | birth_place = [[Hamilton, Ontario]], Canada | death_date = March 21, 1986 | death_place = | team = | number = | status = | position1 = Fullback | position2 = Punter | position3 = Flying Wing | height_ft = | height_in = | weight_lb = | playing_years1 = 1940 | playing_team1 = [[Hamilton Tigers]] | playing_years2 = 1941 | playing_team2 = [[Toronto Argonauts]] | playing_years3 = 1942–1943 | playing_team3 = [[Toronto RCAF Hurricanes]] | playing_years4 = 1944 | playing_team4 = [[Camp Borden RCAF Fliers]] | playing_years5 = 1945–1946 | playing_team5 = [[Toronto Indians]] | playing_years6 = 1947–1949 | playing_team6 = [[Montreal Alouettes]] | playing_years7 = 1950–1951 | playing_team7 = [[Hamilton Tiger-Cats]] | career_highlights = * 2× [[Grey Cup]] champion ([[30th Grey Cup|1942]], [[37th Grey Cup|1949]]) | CFLAllStar = 1942, 1945 | honors = }} '''Bronislaus "Fred" Kijek''' (1919-1986) was a [[Grey Cup]] champion and All-Star fullback in the early days of [[Canadian football]]. He was also an excellent punter and flying wing. The son of Joseph Kijek and Mary Buita, Kijek was a well traveled football player. During [[World War II]] he played with his hometown [[Hamilton Tigers]], the [[Toronto Argonauts]] (playing five regular season and two playoff games), the [[Toronto RCAF Hurricanes]] (with whom he won his first [[30th Grey Cup|Grey Cup]]), and the [[Camp Borden RCAF Fliers]]. He played for the [[Toronto Indians]] for a couple of seasons, then joined the inaugural [[Montreal Alouettes]] team in 1946. He won his second [[37th Grey Cup|Grey Cup]] with them in 1949, his "terrific" punting being a key to victory.<ref>Montreal Alouettes Pack Power, Passing, Speed [[Ottawa Citizen]], November 23, 1949</ref> He returned home for his final two seasons with the [[Hamilton Tiger-Cats]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cflapedia.com/Players/k/kijek_fred.htm |website=CFLapedia.com |title=Profile: Fred Kijek |access-date=August 18, 2023}}</ref> Kijek was twice an [[Ontario Rugby Football Union]] all star. He died on March 21, 1986. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{30th Grey Cup}} {{37th Grey Cup}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kijek, Fred}}{{Canadianfootball-runningback-stub}} [[Category:1919 births]] [[Category:1986 deaths]] [[Category:Montreal Alouettes players]] [[Category:Toronto Argonauts players]] [[Category:Hamilton Tiger-Cats players]] [[Category:Hamilton Tigers football players]] [[Category:Ontario Rugby Football Union players]] [[Category:Players of Canadian football from Ontario]] [[Category:Canadian football people from Hamilton, Ontario]]

1,288,440,690

[{"title": "Fred Kijek", "data": {"Date of birth": "October 4, 1919", "Place of birth": "Hamilton, Ontario, Canada", "Date of death": "March 21, 1986"}}, {"title": "Career information", "data": {"Position(s)": "FB/P/Flying Wing"}}, {"title": "As player", "data": {"1940": "Hamilton Tigers", "1941": "Toronto Argonauts", "1942\u20131943": "Toronto RCAF Hurricanes", "1944": "Camp Borden RCAF Fliers", "1945\u20131946": "Toronto Indians", "1947\u20131949": "Montreal Alouettes", "1950\u20131951": "Hamilton Tiger-Cats"}}, {"title": "Career highlights and awards", "data": {"Career highlights and awards": "- 2\u00d7 Grey Cup champion (1942, 1949)", "CFL All-Star": "1942, 1945"}}]

false

# Bagaduce River The Bagaduce River is a tidal river in the Hancock County, Maine that empties into Penobscot Bay near the town of Castine. From the confluence of Black Brook and the outflow of Walker Pond (44°21′16″N 68°40′41″W / 44.3544°N 68.6781°W), the river runs about 14 miles (23 km) north, northwest, and southwest, forming the border between Brooksville on its left bank and Sedgwick, Penobscot, and Castine on its right. In 2014, residents of Penobscot raised concerns over the rapidly growing oyster farming on the Bagaduce River.

enwiki/23587854

enwiki

23,587,854

Bagaduce River

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagaduce_River

2025-07-06T22:52:58Z

en

Q4841399

85,015

{{Use American English|date=February 2025}} {{Infobox river | name = Bagaduce River | image = Bagaduce River.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = [[Maine State Route 175|ME Route 175]]/[[Maine State Route 176|176]] crosses the Bagaduce River | source1_location = [[Maine]] | mouth_location = [[Penobscot Bay]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|44.377|-68.814|region:US-ME|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = [[United States]] |length_mi=14 | source1_elevation = | mouth_elevation = [[sea level]] | discharge1_avg = | basin_size = }} The '''Bagaduce River''' is a [[tidal river]] in the [[Hancock County, Maine|Hancock County]], [[Maine]] that empties into [[Penobscot Bay]] near the town of [[Castine, Maine|Castine]]. From the confluence of Black Brook and the outflow of Walker Pond ({{coord|44.3544|-68.6781 |format=dms |type:river_region:US-ME |name= Bagaduce River source}}), the river runs about {{convert|14|mi}}<ref name=NHD>U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. [http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ The National Map] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329155652/http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ |date=2012-03-29 }}, accessed June 22, 2011</ref> north, northwest, and southwest, forming the border between [[Brooksville, Maine|Brooksville]] on its left bank and [[Sedgwick, Maine|Sedgwick]], [[Penobscot, Maine|Penobscot]], and [[Castine, Maine|Castine]] on its right. In 2014, residents of Penobscot raised concerns over the rapidly growing [[oyster farming]] on the Bagaduce River.<ref name="Oysterfarming">{{cite news|url=http://bangordailynews.com/video/increased-oyster-farming-on-the-bagaduce-river-raises-concerns-for-area-residents/|title=Increased oyster farming on the Bagaduce River raises concerns for area residents|work=[[Bangor Daily News]]|access-date=4 August 2014}}</ref> ==See also== *[[List of rivers of Maine]] ==External links== * [https://bagaducewatershed.org/ Bagaduce Watershed Association] ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite gnis |id=561431 |name= Bagaduce River |entrydate=30 September 1980 |access-date=2010-05-18 }} *[http://waterdata.usgs.gov/me/nwis/current/?type=flow Maine Streamflow Data from the USGS] *[https://www.epa.gov/waterdata/hows-my-waterway Maine Watershed Data From Environmental Protection Agency] {{Rivers of Maine}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Penobscot Bay]] [[Category:Rivers of Hancock County, Maine]] [[Category:Rivers of Maine]] [[Category:Brooksville, Maine]] {{Maine-river-stub}}

1,299,172,252

[{"title": "Location", "data": {"Country": "United States"}}, {"title": "Physical characteristics", "data": {"\u2022 location": ["Maine", "Penobscot Bay"], "\u2022 coordinates": "44\u00b022\u203237\u2033N 68\u00b048\u203250\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff44.377\u00b0N 68.814\u00b0W", "\u2022 elevation": "sea level", "Length": "14 mi (23 km)"}}]

false

# Jacob Landau (academic) Jacob M. Landau (20 March 1924 – 12 November 2020) was Professor Emeritus in the Department of Political Science (in the field of Middle Eastern Studies) at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. ## Biography Landau was born on 20 March 1924 in Chișinău, Bessarabia (modern Moldova), which he left in 1935, moving to Palestine with his parents, Miriam and Michael Landau. They settled in Tel Aviv, where he studied at the Herzliya Gymnasium, ending his school career in 1942. He took his B.A. and M.A. in 1942–1946 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in history and Arabic studies. His M.A. thesis researched the nationalist movement in modern Egypt. It was supervised by Professor Richard Michael Koebner. For his Ph.D. studies he went to the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. His Ph.D. dissertation there was on parliaments and parties in Egypt (published in book form in 1953). His supervisor was Professor Bernard Lewis. Returning to Israel in 1949, he first taught history and the Arabic language at the Hebrew University's experimental high school from 1949 to 1958, interrupting this to take up a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard University with Professor H. A. R. Gibb in 1955–1956. During that year he was also visiting lecturer in modern Middle East history at Brandeis University. ## Academic career In 1958 he joined the Hebrew University's department of political science where he lectured until 1993 when he left as a full professor emeritus. During those years he also served as a part-time professor of political science at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israel, in addition to the Hebrew University. He also served as visiting professor at foreign universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. Landau was one of the founders of the Israel Oriental Society in 1949 and served as its first secretary. Member of the Israel Association of Political Science and its president in 1993–1998. Also member of the Centre International des Etudes Pré-Ottomanes et Ottomanes (Paris), honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara) and others. Member of the editorial board of several journals and of the central editorial committee of the Encyclopedia Judaica, 2nd edition. ## Awards and recognition Research prizes by the Ben Zvi Institute (Jerusalem), Itzhak Grünbaum (Tel-Aviv), silver medals from Boğaziçi University (Istanbul) and the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara), and the Israel Prize in Middle Eastern Research (2005). ## Research Landau's main themes of research are Ottoman and Middle Eastern ideologies and nationalist movements, political radicalism, minorities, pan-Islam, pan-Turkism, politics and language in Central Asia. His published works are 23 books (selected list below). He has also edited 12 books and has written numerous book-reviews in specialized journals and various encyclopedias. His books and articles were published in ten different languages: Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Russian and Chinese (see his Bibliography of Published Works, 2015). ## Published works 1. Parliaments and Parties in Egypt. Jerusalem: The Israel Oriental Society, 1953. Second edition, New York: Praeger, 1954. Also in Arabic, Cairo and Beirut: 1975. 2. Studies in the Arab Theater. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1958. Also in French, Paris: 1965. Also in Arabic, Cairo: 1972. 3. A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1959. 4. The Israeli Communist Party and the Elections for the Fifth Knesset, 1961. Stanford, CA: The Hoover Institution, 1956 (=Hoover Institution Studies, 9) (with Professor M.M. Czudnowski). 5. Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. New York: New York University Press, 1969. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1967. 6. Arabische Literaturgeschichte. Zürich: Artemis Verlag, 1968. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv, 1970. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1994. Second edition, (T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları), 2002 (with Professor H.A.R. Gibb). 7. The Arabs in Israel: A Political Study. London: Oxford University Press, under the Auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1969, reprinted 1970. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1971. 8. The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage: A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1971. 9. Middle Eastern Themes: Papers in History and Politics. London: Frank Cass, 1973. 10. Radical Politics in Modern Turkey. Leiden: Brill, 1974. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1978. 11. Politics and Islam: The National Salvation Party in Turkey. Salt Lake City, Utah: The University of Utah, 1976. 12. Abdul-Hamid's Palestine. London: André Deutsch, 1979. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1979. 13. Pan-Turkism in Turkey: A Study of Irredentism. London: C. Hurst, 1981. Second enlarged edition, 1995. Also in Greek, Athens: 1985. Also in Chinese, Urumchi: 1992. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1999. Also in Persian (farsi), Tehran: 2024 (fifth edition). 14. Tekinalp, Turkish Patriot 1883–1961. Istanbul and Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1984. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1996. 15. The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Second edition, 1994. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1993. 16. The Arab Minority in Israel, 1967–1991: Political Aspects. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1993. 17. Arabisches Volkstheater in Kairo im Jahre 1909: Ahmad IlFār und seine Schwaenke. Beirut and Stuttgart: Steiner Verlag, 1993 (=Bibliotheca Islamica, 38) (with Professor M. Woidich). 18. Jews, Arabs, Turks. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993. 19. Hebrew-Arabic Proverbs. Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv: Schocken, 1998 (with Dr. David Sagiv). Second edition, 2002. 20. The Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim States (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. 21. Exploring Ottoman and Turkish History. London: Hurst, 2004. 22. Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). London: I.B. Tauris, 2012. Also in Russian, Moscow: 2015. ## Bibliography Jacob M. Landau, Bibliography of published works. J. M. Landau, Jerusalem: 2015 (690 items). ## Mentioned In - Who's Who in World Jewry, 1965, New York - Who's Who in Israel, 1966–67, Tel Aviv - Who's Who in Israel, 2001, Tel-Aviv - Contemporary Authors 1968, Detroit - Dictionary of International Biography, 1968, London - Marquis’ Who's Who in the World, Chicago - Asia's Who's Who of Men and Women of Achievement, Delhi - Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ansiklopedisi, 1985, Istanbul - Guide to the Scholars of the History and Culture of Central Asia, 1995, Cambridge, MA - 2000 Outstanding Scholars of the Twentieth Century, 2000, Cambridge, UK - The International Directory of Distinguished Leadership, 2000, Raleigh, North Carolina - The Contemporary Who's Who, 2003, Raleigh, North Carolina - Encyclopaedia Judaica, Second edition, Volume 12, p. 463

enwiki/49588668

enwiki

49,588,668

Jacob Landau (academic)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Landau_(academic)

2025-07-08T18:20:02Z

en

Q350521

34,220

{{Short description|Israeli political scientist (1924–2020)}} {{Other people||Jack Landau (disambiguation){{!}}Jack Landau|Jacob Landau (disambiguation){{!}}Jacob Landau}} {{more citations needed|date=June 2017}} [[File:Jacob M Landau.jpg|thumb|Jacob M. Landau, 2005]] '''Jacob M. Landau''' (20 March 1924 – 12 November 2020) was [[Professor Emeritus]] in the Department of Political Science (in the field of Middle Eastern Studies) at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]. == Biography == Landau was born on 20 March 1924 in [[Chișinău]], [[Bessarabia]] (modern [[Moldova]]), which he left in 1935, moving to Palestine with his parents, Miriam and Michael Landau. They settled in Tel Aviv, where he studied at the [[Herzliya Gymnasium]], ending his school career in 1942. He took his B.A. and M.A. in 1942–1946 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in history and Arabic studies. His M.A. thesis researched the nationalist movement in modern Egypt. It was supervised by Professor Richard Michael Koebner. For his Ph.D. studies he went to the [[SOAS, University of London|School of Oriental and African Studies]] in London. His Ph.D. dissertation there was on parliaments and parties in Egypt (published in book form in 1953). His supervisor was Professor [[Bernard Lewis]]. Returning to Israel in 1949, he first taught history and the Arabic language at the Hebrew University's experimental high school from 1949 to 1958, interrupting this to take up a post-doctoral fellowship at [[Harvard University]] with Professor [[H. A. R. Gibb]] in 1955–1956. During that year he was also visiting lecturer in modern Middle East history at [[Brandeis University]]. ==Academic career== In 1958 he joined the Hebrew University's department of political science where he lectured until 1993 when he left as a full professor emeritus. During those years he also served as a part-time professor of political science at [[Bar-Ilan University]] in Ramat-Gan, Israel, in addition to the Hebrew University. He also served as visiting professor at foreign universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Turkey. Landau was one of the founders of the Israel Oriental Society in 1949 and served as its first secretary. Member of the Israel Association of Political Science and its president in 1993–1998. Also member of the Centre International des Etudes Pré-Ottomanes et Ottomanes (Paris), honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara) and others. Member of the editorial board of several journals and of the central editorial committee of the ''[[Encyclopedia Judaica]]'', 2nd edition. == Awards and recognition== Research prizes by the [[Ben Zvi Institute]] (Jerusalem), Itzhak Grünbaum (Tel-Aviv), silver medals from [[Boğaziçi University]] (Istanbul) and the Turkish Historical Society (Ankara), and the [[Israel Prize]] in Middle Eastern Research (2005). == Research == Landau's main themes of research are Ottoman and Middle Eastern ideologies and nationalist movements, political radicalism, minorities, [[Pan-Islamism|pan-Islam]], [[pan-Turkism]], politics and language in [[Central Asia]]. His published works are 23 books (selected list below). He has also edited 12 books and has written numerous book-reviews in specialized journals and various encyclopedias. His books and articles were published in ten different languages: Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Russian and Chinese (see his Bibliography of Published Works, 2015). == Published works == # ''Parliaments and Parties in Egypt''. Jerusalem: The Israel Oriental Society, 1953. Second edition, New York: Praeger, 1954. Also in Arabic, Cairo and Beirut: 1975. # ''Studies in the Arab Theater''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1958. Also in French, Paris: 1965. Also in Arabic, Cairo: 1972. # ''A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose''. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1959. # ''The Israeli Communist Party and the Elections for the Fifth Knesset, 1961''. Stanford, CA: The Hoover Institution, 1956 (=Hoover Institution Studies, 9) (with Professor M.M. Czudnowski). # ''Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt''. New York: New York University Press, 1969. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1967. # ''Arabische Literaturgeschichte''. Zürich: Artemis Verlag, 1968. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv, 1970. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1994. Second edition, (T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları), 2002 (with Professor H.A.R. Gibb). # ''The Arabs in Israel: A Political Study''. London: Oxford University Press, under the Auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1969, reprinted 1970. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1971. # ''The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage: A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda''. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1971. # ''Middle Eastern Themes: Papers in History and Politics''. London: Frank Cass, 1973. # ''Radical Politics in Modern Turkey''. Leiden: Brill, 1974. Also in Turkish, Ankara: 1978. # ''Politics and Islam: The National Salvation Party in Turkey''. Salt Lake City, Utah: The University of Utah, 1976. # ''Abdul-Hamid's Palestine''. London: André Deutsch, 1979. Also in Hebrew, Jerusalem: 1979. # ''Pan-Turkism in Turkey: A Study of Irredentism''. London: C. Hurst, 1981. Second enlarged edition, 1995. Also in Greek, Athens: 1985. Also in Chinese, Urumchi: 1992. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1999. Also in Persian (farsi), Tehran: 2024 (fifth edition). # ''Tekinalp, Turkish Patriot 1883–1961''. Istanbul and Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1984. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1996. # ''The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Second edition, 1994. Also in Turkish, Istanbul: 1993. # ''The Arab Minority in Israel, 1967–1991: Political Aspects''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Also in Hebrew, Tel Aviv: 1993. # ''Arabisches Volkstheater in Kairo im Jahre 1909: Ahmad IlFār und seine Schwaenke''. Beirut and Stuttgart: Steiner Verlag, 1993 (=Bibliotheca Islamica, 38) (with Professor M. Woidich). # ''Jews, Arabs, Turks''. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993. # ''Hebrew-Arabic Proverbs''. Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv: Schocken, 1998 (with Dr. [[David Sagiv]]). Second edition, 2002. # ''The Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim States'' (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. # ''Exploring Ottoman and Turkish History''. London: Hurst, 2004. # ''Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia'' (with Professor B. Kellner-Heinkele). London: I.B. Tauris, 2012. Also in Russian, Moscow: 2015. == Bibliography == Jacob M. Landau, Bibliography of published works. J. M. Landau, Jerusalem: 2015 (690 items). == Mentioned In == * Who's Who in World Jewry, 1965, New York * Who's Who in Israel, 1966–67, Tel Aviv * Who's Who in Israel, 2001, Tel-Aviv * Contemporary Authors 1968, Detroit * Dictionary of International Biography, 1968, London * Marquis’ Who's Who in the World, Chicago * Asia's Who's Who of Men and Women of Achievement, Delhi * Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ansiklopedisi, 1985, Istanbul * Guide to the Scholars of the History and Culture of Central Asia, 1995, Cambridge, MA * 2000 Outstanding Scholars of the Twentieth Century, 2000, Cambridge, UK * The International Directory of Distinguished Leadership, 2000, Raleigh, North Carolina * The Contemporary Who's Who, 2003, Raleigh, North Carolina * Encyclopaedia Judaica, Second edition, Volume 12, p. 463 == External links == *[http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashsah/Landau/LandauKorotHaim.htm Jacob M. Landau's curriculum vitae] from the Israel Prize website (in Hebrew). *[https://politics.huji.ac.il/sites/default/files/politics/files/jacob_m_landau_list_of_publications_2019.pdf Professor Jacob M. Landau’s List of Publications], in the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem|Hebrew University]]'s website. *[https://kutuphane.isam.org.tr/?url=makaleilh/findrecords.php&navdil=eng Scanned articles of Jacob M. Landau] (select "Author" at Search Area and insert "Jacob M Landau" at Search Term). {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Landau, Jacob M.}} [[Category:1924 births]] [[Category:2020 deaths]] [[Category:Moldovan Jews]] [[Category:Bessarabian Jews]] [[Category:Romanian emigrants to Mandatory Palestine]] [[Category:Israeli people of Moldovan-Jewish descent]] [[Category:Academic staff of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem]] [[Category:Israel Prize in Middle Eastern studies recipients]] [[Category:People from Chișinău]] [[Category:Burials at Har HaMenuchot]]

1,299,488,190

[]

false

# Joel's Bohemia 40°45′21″N 73°59′19″W / 40.7557603°N 73.9885315°W Joel's Bohemia was a two-story all-night restaurant near Times Square, New York from 1902 to 1925, catering to artists, writers, revolutionaries, and other bohemians. Owned by and managed by Joel Rinaldo, it was also known as Joel's or Joel's Bohemian Refreshery. Above the restaurant, Rinaldo ran a three-story hotel. Its address was 206 West 41st Street. Joel's claimed to be the only place in New York offering Mexican food, with specialties of chile con carne and tamales. His Blue Moon cocktail was notoriously strong. Joel's was once described as a "poor man's Rector's". There was usually piano music, singing, and often an impromptu cabaret show. Among the regulars were Booth Tarkington, Horace Traubel, William Glackens, George Luks, Alan Dale, William Winter, Zoe Anderson Norris, Shaemas O'Sheel, Sadakichi Hartmann, Robert Chanler, Hippolyte Havel, "General" Jake Coxey, and O. Henry. The El Refugio café in O. Henry's 1910 short story "The Gold that Glittered" was probably based on Joel's. When he was in town, Edwin Markham would drink coffee at the restaurant and sleep at the hotel. Joel's was a "renowned" meeting place for Spanish-language exiles, especially "bohemians, painters, musicians, caricaturists, actors". A table in the corner of the dining-room had a sign on it, starting at 11 o'clock, reading "Reserved for Literature and Revolution", "where famous Hispanic-American revolutionaries used to sit". Leaders of the Mexican Carrancistas met here, and the Mexican Liberal Party's headquarters were here. When the US joined the First World War in 1917, the table was renamed the "Newspaper and Literary Table". [H]is Bohemia was... the meeting-place of heretics and radicals of all breeds: fleeing, out-at-heels generals from Mexico; hunted, unshaven admirals from Honduras; common, every-day White House dynamiters from Guatemala; bawling Egyptian Anarchists; loud-mouthed sappers and minors of the social edifice in general who would shup up for a beer and a load of beans; barroom Napoleons and millennial crackpots of all nationalities. Several artists painted scenes set in the restaurant: - Max Weber's oil painting "Joel's Cafe", 1909 or 1910. - George Luks, "Joel's Famous Bohemia at 41st Street and Seventh Avenue. The Tall Man is Joel", published in Vanity Fair in 1934.[3][2][12] Joel's was famous for its celebrity wall of drawings and caricatures, some by Carlo de Fornaro, an opponent of Porfirio Díaz. Paintings by Luks, Glackens, and John Sloan hung on the walls. The closing of Joel's in 1925 was memorialized in the New Yorker: Joel's has closed; perhaps the last of the older order of restaurants, whose hosts were individuals, not corporations. It was never a gaudy, nor a gilt-edged establishment, that one on Forty-first street, with its green-tinted door; and its heydays were ten, or even fifteen years behind when it surrendered to the inevitable.

enwiki/68733003

enwiki

68,733,003

Joel's Bohemia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%27s_Bohemia

2025-04-14T05:12:39Z

en

Q108749757

55,534

{{Short description|Restaurant in New York City, 1902–1925}} {{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}} {{Coord|40.7557603|-73.9885315|display=title}} {{Infobox restaurant | embed = | name =Joel's Bohemia | title =  | logo = | logo_width = | logo_alt = | image = | image_width = | image_alt = | image_caption = | mapframe =  | pushpin_map =  | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | established =  | closed =  | current-owner = | previous-owner = [[Joel Rinaldo]] | manager = | head-chef = | chef = | pastry-chef = | food-type = | dress-code = | rating = | street-address = | city = New York City | county = | state = New York | postcode =  | country = | coordinates =  | seating-capacity = | reservations = | other-locations = | other-information =  | website =  }} '''Joel's Bohemia''' was a two-story all-night restaurant near [[Times Square]], New York from 1902 to 1925, catering to artists, writers, revolutionaries, and other [[bohemianism|bohemians]].<ref name="bdc"/> Owned by and managed by [[Joel Rinaldo]], it was also known as '''Joel's''' or '''Joel's Bohemian Refreshery'''. Above the restaurant, Rinaldo ran a three-story hotel.<ref name="bdc">[[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Joel's", ''[[The American Mercury]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_american-mercury_1932-07_26_103/page/360/mode/2up '''26''':103:360] (July 1932)</ref> Its address was 206 West [[41st Street (Manhattan)|41st Street]]. [[File:Cartoon_Room_at_Joel's_Bohemian_Refreshery.jpg|thumb|right|alt=1910s postcard showing celebrity wall at Joel's|"Cartoon Room" (postcard)]]Joel's claimed to be the only place in New York offering [[Mexican cuisine|Mexican food]], with specialties of [[chile con carne]] and [[tamales]]. His Blue Moon cocktail was notoriously strong.<ref name="whitaker"/><ref name="freese"/> Joel's was once described as a "poor man's [[Rector's]]". There was usually piano music, singing, and often an impromptu [[cabaret]] show.<ref name="laurie">Joe Laurie, Jr., "Lefty Writes a Letter", ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_variety_1945-02-07_157_9/page/4/mode/2up?q=rinaldo '''157''':9:4] (February 7, 1945)</ref> Among the regulars were [[Booth Tarkington]], [[Horace Traubel]], [[William Glackens]], [[George Luks]], Alan Dale, [[William Winter (author)|William Winter]], [[Zoe Anderson Norris]], [[Shaemas O'Sheel]], [[Sadakichi Hartmann]], [[Robert Winthrop Chanler|Robert Chanler]], [[Hippolyte Havel]], [[Jacob S. Coxey Sr.|"General" Jake Coxey]], and [[O. Henry]].<ref name="rony">[[George S. Chappell]], ''The Restaurants of New York'', 1925, [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.87125/2015.87125.The-Restaurants-Of-New-York_djvu.txt full text]</ref><ref name="nyer">"Note on a Passing" (Talk of the Town), ''The New Yorker'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=11IQAAAAIAAJ&q=%22joel%20rinaldo%22 June 6, 1925], p. 3</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Norris|first=Zoe Anderson|date=March 1911|title=One Thing and Another|page=29|work=The East Side|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101064172719&view=1up&seq=237&skin=2021&q1=literati}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Norris|first=Zoe Anderson|date=September–October 1913|title=Now that Coney is no more|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101064172727&view=1up&seq=97&skin=2021&q1=pathetic|journal=The East Side|pages=23}}</ref><ref name="bdc"/> The El Refugio café in O. Henry's 1910 short story "The Gold that Glittered" was probably based on Joel's.<ref name="whitaker"/> When he was in town, [[Edwin Markham]] would drink coffee at the restaurant and sleep at the hotel.<ref name="bdc"/> [[File:Joel's_Literary_Corner_by_Fornaro.png|thumb|left|Carlo de Fornaro, "The Literature and Revolution Table", c1911|alt="Joel's Literary Corner; Once Mexican Revolutionary Table" The Literary Table at Joel's Bohemia (New York), ca. 1911, showing Joel Rinaldo (proprietor), Michael Monahan, Leonard Charles van Noppen, Edwin Markham, Booth Tarkington, Benjamin de Casseres, and Shaemas O'Sheel]] Joel's was a "renowned" meeting place for Spanish-language exiles, especially "bohemians, painters, musicians, caricaturists, actors". A table in the corner of the dining-room had a sign on it, starting at 11 o'clock, reading "Reserved for Literature and Revolution",<ref name="bdc"/> "where famous Hispanic-American revolutionaries used to sit".<ref>Peter Hulme, ''The Dinner at Gonfarone's: Salomón de la Selva and His Pan-American Project in Nueva York, 1915-1919'', 2019, {{isbn|1786942003}}, p.16</ref><ref>Peter Hulme, "Joel's Revolutionary Table: New York and Mexico City in Turbulent Times", ''Comparative American Studies An International Journal'' '''15''':3-4:117-145 (2017) {{doi|10.1080/14775700.2017.1551600}}</ref> Leaders of the Mexican [[Constitutionalists in the Mexican Revolution|Carrancistas]] met here,<ref name="rony"/> and the [[Mexican Liberal Party]]'s headquarters were here.<ref>"Fighting Diaz from a New York Restaurant", ''[[New York Times]]'' '''59''':19111, [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1910/05/22/105078588.html?pageNumber=53 May 22, 1910], p. 53</ref> When the US joined the [[First World War]] in 1917, the table was renamed the "Newspaper and Literary Table".<ref name="bdc"/> {{quote box|align=right|width=35%|[H]is Bohemia was... the meeting-place of heretics and radicals of all breeds: fleeing, out-at-heels generals from Mexico; hunted, unshaven admirals from Honduras; common, every-day White House dynamiters from Guatemala; bawling Egyptian Anarchists; loud-mouthed sappers and minors of the social edifice in general who would shup up for a beer and a load of beans; barroom Napoleons and millennial crackpots of all nationalities.| — [[Benjamin De Casseres]]<ref name="bdc"/>}} Several artists painted scenes set in the restaurant: [[File:Max_Weber,_Joel's_Cafe (1909-10).jpg|thumb|left|alt=Cubist oil painting|Max Weber, "Joel's Café"]] * [[Max Weber (artist)|Max Weber]]'s oil painting "Joel's Cafe", 1909 or 1910. * George Luks, "Joel's Famous Bohemia at 41st Street and Seventh Avenue. The Tall Man is Joel", published in ''[[Vanity Fair (American magazine 1913–1936)|Vanity Fair]]'' in 1934.<ref name="freese">Lauren Freese, ''Taste in the city: depictions of food consumption in urban America, 1880-1920'', Ph.D. dissertation, University of Iowa, Spring 2017, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210914013647/https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6951&context=etd full text], p. 231</ref><ref name="whitaker"/><ref>[[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Old New York drinking places: by George Luks", ''[[Vanity Fair (American magazine 1913–1936)|Vanity Fair]]'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=C4A7AQAAIAAJ&dq=%22Joel's%20Famous%20Bohemia%20at%2041st%20Street%20and%20Seventh%20Avenue.%20The%20Tall%20Man%20is%20Joel&pg=PA18-IA4 '''41''':5:20] (January, 1934)</ref> Joel's was famous for its [[celebrity wall]] of drawings and caricatures, some by [[Carlo de Fornaro]], an opponent of [[Porfirio Díaz]].<ref name="whitaker">Jan Whitaker, "Faces on the wall", ''Restaurant-ing through history'', blog, [https://restaurant-ingthroughhistory.com/2016/09/11/faces-on-the-wall/ September 11, 2016]</ref> Paintings by Luks, Glackens, and [[John Sloan]] hung on the walls.<ref name="bdc"/> The closing of Joel's in 1925 was memorialized in the ''[[The New Yorker|New Yorker]]'': <blockquote> Joel's has closed; perhaps the last of the older order of restaurants, whose hosts were individuals, not corporations. It was never a gaudy, nor a gilt-edged establishment, that one on Forty-first street, with its green-tinted door; and its heydays were ten, or even fifteen years behind when it surrendered to the inevitable.<ref name="nyer"/> </blockquote> {{clear}} ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== *[[Benjamin De Casseres]], "Joel's", ''[[The American Mercury]]'' [https://archive.org/details/sim_american-mercury_1932-07_26_103/page/360/mode/2up '''26''':103:360] (July 1932) * Jan Whitaker, "Joel's bohemian refreshery", Restaurant-ing through history, [https://victualling.wordpress.com/2008/07/17/joels-bohemian-restaurant/ July 17, 2008] [[Category:Defunct restaurants in Manhattan]] [[Category:Times Square buildings]] [[Category:Theater District, Manhattan]] [[Category:Mexican restaurants in New York City]] [[Category:Defunct Latin American restaurants in the United States]]

1,285,517,501

[{"title": "Restaurant information", "data": {"Previous owner(s)": "Joel Rinaldo", "City": "New York City", "State": "New York"}}]

false

# Broad Bay (New Hampshire) Broad Bay is a 431-acre (1.74 km2) freshwater lake located in Carroll County in eastern New Hampshire, United States, in the towns of Freedom and Ossipee. Broad Bay is part of a chain of four lakes with identical water levels, due to a dam located downstream in Effingham Falls. Upstream, a channel connects Broad Bay to Ossipee Lake, while a channel leads downstream through Leavitt Bay and Berry Bay to the start of the Ossipee River, which flows east into Maine and the Saco River. Broad Bay is classified as a cold- and warmwater fishery, with observed species including largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, rainbow trout, lake trout, landlocked salmon, chain pickerel, yellow perch, white perch, sunfish, and brown bullhead.

enwiki/5196680

enwiki

5,196,680

Broad Bay (New Hampshire)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad_Bay_(New_Hampshire)

2025-07-16T02:59:25Z

en

Q4971844

55,424

{{Short description|Freshwater lake in New Hampshire, US}} {{Use American English|date=July 2025}} {{Infobox lake | name = Broad Bay | image = | caption = | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = [[Carroll County, New Hampshire]] | coords = {{Coord|43|48|21|N|71|06|05|W|type:waterbody_region:US|display=inline,title}} | type = | inflow = [[Ossipee Lake]] | outflow = [[Ossipee River]] | catchment = | basin_countries = United States | length = {{Convert|2.1|mi|abbr=on}} | width = {{Convert|0.6|mi|abbr=on}} | area = {{Convert|464|acre|km2|abbr=on}} | depth = {{convert|27|ft|abbr=on}} | max-depth = {{convert|73|ft|abbr=on}} | volume = | residence_time = | shore = | elevation = {{Convert|407|ft|abbr=on}} | islands = 1 | cities = [[Freedom, New Hampshire|Freedom]]; [[Ossipee, New Hampshire|Ossipee]]  | pushpin_map = New Hampshire#USA | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = Location of Broad Bay in New Hampshire, USA. | pushpin_map_caption =  | website = | reference = }} '''Broad Bay''' is a {{Convert|431|acre|km2|adj=on}}<ref name=NHFG/> [[freshwater]] [[lake]] located in [[Carroll County, New Hampshire|Carroll County]] in eastern [[New Hampshire]], United States, in the towns of [[Freedom, New Hampshire|Freedom]] and [[Ossipee, New Hampshire|Ossipee]]. Broad Bay is part of a chain of four lakes with identical water levels, due to a dam located downstream in [[Effingham, New Hampshire|Effingham Falls]]. Upstream, a channel connects Broad Bay to [[Ossipee Lake]], while a channel leads downstream through Leavitt Bay and Berry Bay to the start of the [[Ossipee River]], which flows east into [[Maine]] and the [[Saco River]]. Broad Bay is classified as a cold- and warmwater fishery, with observed species including [[largemouth bass]], [[smallmouth bass]], [[rainbow trout]], [[lake trout]], [[Atlantic salmon|landlocked salmon]], [[chain pickerel]], [[yellow perch]], [[white perch]], [[Centrarchidae|sunfish]], and [[brown bullhead]].<ref name=NHFG>{{Cite web| url=http://www.wildlife.state.nh.us/maps/bathymetry/broadbay_ossipee.pdf| title=Broad Bay, Ossipee, Freedom| publisher=NH Fish & Game| accessdate=August 6, 2014}}</ref> ==See also== {{portal|New Hampshire}} *[[List of lakes in New Hampshire]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Saco River}} [[Category:Lakes of Carroll County, New Hampshire]] {{NewHampshire-geo-stub}}

1,300,732,063

[{"title": "Broad Bay", "data": {"Location": "Carroll County, New Hampshire", "Coordinates": "43\u00b048\u203221\u2033N 71\u00b006\u203205\u2033W\ufeff / \ufeff43.80583\u00b0N 71.10139\u00b0W", "Primary inflows": "Ossipee Lake", "Primary outflows": "Ossipee River", "Basin countries": "United States"}}, {"title": "Broad Bay", "data": {"Max. length": "2.1 mi (3.4 km)", "Max. width": "0.6 mi (0.97 km)", "Surface area": "464 acres (1.88 km2)", "Average depth": "27 ft (8.2 m)", "Max. depth": "73 ft (22 m)", "Surface elevation": "407 ft (124 m)"}}]

false

# Robert Sastre Robert Sastre (born 7 Jun 1926 in Grand-Popo; died 2000) was a Beninese clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lokossa. He became ordained in 1952 and was appointed bishop in 1972.

enwiki/65903920

enwiki

65,903,920

Robert Sastre

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sastre

2025-02-17T08:30:21Z

en

Q11891042

33,929

{{Short description|Beninese clergyman and bishop}} {{one source|date=November 2020}} [[File:Cathédrale Saint-Pierre-Claver, Lokossa, Mono, Benin 03.jpg|alt=Street of Saint-Pierre-Claver Cathedral in Lokossa, Benin|thumb|Street of Saint-Pierre-Claver Cathedral in Lokossa, Benin]] '''Robert Sastre''' (born 7 Jun 1926 in [[Grand-Popo]]; died 2000) was a [[Beninese]] clergyman and [[bishop]] for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lokossa]]. He became ordained in 1952 and was appointed bishop in 1972.<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsastre.html Catholic-Hierarchy.org]</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{wikiquote}} {{commonscat}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sastre, Robert}} [[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Benin]] [[Category:1926 births]] [[Category:2000 deaths]] [[Category:People from Mono Department]] [[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Lokossa]] {{Benin-bio-stub}} {{Africa-RC-bishop-stub}}

1,276,172,501

[]

false

# Hungary at the 1896 Summer Olympics Hungary competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Austrian and Hungarian results at early Olympic Games are generally kept separate despite the union of the two nations as Austria-Hungary at the time. Seven athletes from Hungary competed in six sports. The Hungarian medals came on 18 entries in 15 events. ## Medalists The following Hungarian competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are bolded. | Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date | | ------ | ------------------- | --------- | -------------------------- | -------- | | Gold | Alfréd Hajós | Swimming | Men's 100 metre freestyle | 11 April | | Gold | Alfréd Hajós | Swimming | Men's 1200 metre freestyle | 11 April | | Silver | Nándor Dáni | Athletics | Men's 800 metres | 9 April | | Bronze | Alajos Szokolyi | Athletics | Men's 100 metres | 10 April | | Bronze | Gyula Kellner | Athletics | Men's marathon | 10 April | | Bronze | Momcsilló Tapavicza | Tennis | Men's singles | 11 April | | Sport | 1st place, gold medalist(s) | 2nd place, silver medalist(s) | 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) | Total | | Swimming | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | | Athletics | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | Tennis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | Total | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | ### Multiple medalists The following competitors won multiple medals at the 1896 Olympic Games. | Name | Medal | Sport | Event | | ------------ | ----------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------- | | Alfréd Hajós | Gold · Gold | Swimming | Men's 100 m freestyle Men's 1200 m freestyle | ## Competitors | Sport | Men | Women | Total | | ------------- | --- | ----- | ----- | | Athletics | 3 | 0 | 3 | | Gymnastics | 2 | 0 | 2 | | Swimming | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Tennis | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Weightlifting | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Wrestling | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Total | 7 | 0 | 7 | | Medals by date | Medals by date | Medals by date | Medals by date | Medals by date | Medals by date | Medals by date | | -------------- | -------------- | --------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | | Day | Date | 1st place, gold medalist(s) | 2nd place, silver medalist(s) | 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) | Total | | | Day 1 | 6 April | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | Day 2 | 7 April | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | Day 3 | 8 April | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | Day 4 | 9 April | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | | Day 5 | 10 April | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | Day 6 | 11 April | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | | | Day 7 | 12 April | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | Day 8 | 13 April | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | Total | Total | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | | ## Athletics The Hungarian athletes were successful in each event except the 110 metre hurdles, taking a silver, two bronzes, and a 4th-place finish. The entry and competitor lists for some events are not agreed on by all sources. In the 100 metres, Dáni, Leonidasz Manno, and István Zachar may have entered and not started (or possibly have competed) along with Szokolyi. Track & road events | Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Final | Final | | Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | | --------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------- | | Nándor Dáni | 100 m | Did not start | Did not start | Did not advance | Did not advance | | Leonidasz Manno | 100 m | Did not start | Did not start | Did not advance | Did not advance | | István Zachar | 100 m | Did not start | Did not start | Did not advance | Did not advance | | Alajos Szokolyi | 100 m | 12.8 | 2 Q | 12.6 | 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) | | Nándor Dáni | 800 m | 2:10.2 | 2 Q | 2:11.8 | 2nd place, silver medalist(s) | | Alajos Szokolyi | 110 m hurdles | Unknown | 2 Q | Did not start | Did not start | | Gyula Kellner | Marathon | — | — | 3:06:35 | 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) | Field events | Athlete | Event | Final | Final | | Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | | --------------- | ----------------- | -------- | -------- | | Alajos Szokolyi | Men's triple jump | 11.26 | 4 | ## Gymnastics ### Artistic | Athlete | Event | Rank | | --------------- | -------------- | ------ | | Gyula Kakas | Vault | 4–15 | | Desiderius Wein | Vault | 4–15 | | Gyula Kakas | Pommel horse | 3–15 | | Desiderius Wein | Pommel horse | 3–15 | | Gyula Kakas | Horizontal bar | 3–15 | | Desiderius Wein | Horizontal bar | 3–15 | | Gyula Kakas | Parallel bars | 3–18 | | Desiderius Wein | Parallel bars | 3–18 | | Desiderius Wein | Rings | 4, 6–8 | ## Swimming Hajós won both events he entered, taking two of the four swimming medals (he could not enter the 100 metres for sailors event, and the 500 metres was immediately after the 100 metres and immediately before the 1200 metres). | Athlete | Event | Final | Final | | Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | | ------------ | ---------------- | --------- | --------------------------- | | Alfréd Hajós | 100 m freestyle | 1:22.2 OR | 1st place, gold medalist(s) | | Alfréd Hajós | 1200 m freestyle | 18:22.2 | 1st place, gold medalist(s) | ## Tennis Tapavicza was defeated by Dionysios Kasdaglis in the semifinals of the singles tournament. | Athlete | Event | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | | Athlete | Event | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Rank | | ------------------- | ------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- | | Momcsilló Tapavicza | Men's singles | Frangopoulos (GRE) · W | Bye | Kasdaglis (GRE) · L | Did not advance | 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) | ## Weightlifting | Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------ | ---- | | Momcsilló Tapavicza | Men's two hand lift | 80.0 | 6 | ## Wrestling | Athlete | Event | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Final | Final | | Athlete | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank | | ------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------- | ----- | | Momcsilló Tapavicza | Men's Greco-Roman | Christopoulos (GRE) · L | Did not advance | Did not advance | 4 |

enwiki/2208614

enwiki

2,208,614

Hungary at the 1896 Summer Olympics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics

2023-11-13T17:26:27Z

en

Q146694

104,082

{{infobox country at games | NOC = HUN | NOCname = [[Hungarian Olympic Committee]] | games = Summer Olympics | year = 1896 | flagcaption = | oldcode = | website = {{url|www.olimpia.hu }} {{in lang|hu|en}} | location = [[Athens]], [[Greece]] | date = ''April 6, 1896 – April 15, 1896'' | competitors = 7 | sports = 6 | events = 16 | flagbearer = | rank = 6 | gold = 2 | silver = 1 | bronze = 3 | officials = | appearances = auto | app_begin_year = | app_end_year = | summerappearances = | winterappearances = | seealso = [[Hungary at the 1906 Intercalated Games|1906]] Intercalated Games }} [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]] competed at the [[1896 Summer Olympics]] in [[Athens]], [[Greece]]. Austrian and Hungarian results at early Olympic Games are generally kept separate despite the union of the two nations as [[Austria-Hungary]] at the time. Seven athletes from Hungary competed in six sports. The Hungarian medals came on 18 entries in 15 events. __TOC__ {{Clear}} ==Medalists== {{main|1896 Summer Olympics medal table|List of 1896 Summer Olympics medal winners}} The following Hungarian competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are '''bolded'''. {{col-begin}} | style="text-align:left; width:78%; vertical-align:top;"| {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%" |- !Medal !Name !Sport !Event !Date |- | {{gold medal}} | {{Sortname|Alfréd|Hajós}} || [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] | [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|Men's 100 metre freestyle]] | {{dts|11 April}} |- | {{gold medal}} | {{Sortname|Alfréd|Hajós}} || [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] | [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle|Men's 1200 metre freestyle]] | {{dts|11 April}} |- | {{silver medal}} | {{Sortname|Nándor|Dáni}} || [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Athletics]] | [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres|Men's 800 metres]] | {{dts|9 April}} |- | {{bronze medal}} | {{Sortname|Alajos|Szokolyi}} || [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Athletics]] | [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|Men's 100 metres]] | {{dts|10 April}} |- | {{bronze medal}} | {{Sortname|Gyula|Kellner}} || [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Athletics]] | [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|Men's marathon]] | {{dts|10 April}} |- | {{bronze medal}} | {{Sortname|Momcsilló|Tapavicza|Momčilo Tapavica}} || [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Tennis]] | [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|Men's singles]] | {{dts|11 April}} |} | style="text-align:left; width:22%; vertical-align:top;"| {{Clear}} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; float:right;" |- style="background:#efefef;" !colspan=7|Medals by sport |- style="text-align:center" |'''Sport''' | bgcolor=#f7f6a8 |{{gold01}} | bgcolor=#dce5e5 |{{silver02}} | bgcolor=#ffdab9 |{{bronze03}} |'''Total''' |- style="text-align:center" |[[#Swimming|Swimming]] | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |2 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''2''' |- style="text-align:center" |[[#Athletics|Athletics]] | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |1 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |2 |'''3''' |- style="text-align:center" |[[#Tennis|Tennis]] | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |1 |'''1''' |- style="text-align:center" ! Total !style="background:gold"| 2 !style="background:silver"| 1 !style="background:#c96"| 3 ! 6 |} {{col-end}} ===Multiple medalists=== The following competitors won multiple medals at the 1896 Olympic Games. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%" |- ! Name ! Medal ! Sport ! Event |- | {{sortname|Alfréd|Hajós}} || {{gold medal}} {{gold medal}} ||[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Swimming]]|| [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|Men's 100 m freestyle]] [[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle|Men's 1200 m freestyle]] |} ==Competitors== {{col-begin}} | width=78% align=left valign=top | The following is the list of number of competitors participating in the Games: {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width=180|Sport ! width=55|Men ! width=55|Women ! width=55|Total |- | align=left|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Athletics]] | 3 || 0 || 3 |- | align=left|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Gymnastics]] | 2 || 0 || 2 |- | align=left|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] | 1 || 0 || 1 |- | align=left|[[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Tennis]] | 1 || 0 || 1 |- | align=left|[[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Weightlifting]] | 1 || 0 || 1 |- | align=left|[[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics|Wrestling]] | 1 || 0 || 1 |-class=sortbottom ! Total || 7<ref name="Tapavicza">[[Momčilo Tapavica|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] competed in [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics|tennis]], [[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics|weightlifting]] and [[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics|wrestling]].</ref> || 0 || 7 |} | width="22%" align="left" valign="top" | {{Clear}} {| class=wikitable style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; float:right;" |- bgcolor=efefef !colspan=7|Medals by date |- style="text-align:center" |'''Day''' |'''Date''' | bgcolor=#f7f6a8 |{{gold01}} | bgcolor=#dce5e5 |{{silver02}} | bgcolor=#ffdab9 |{{bronze03}} |'''Total''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 1 |6 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |1 |'''1''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 2 |7 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''0''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 3 |8 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''0''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 4 |9 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |1 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''1''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 5 |10 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |1 |'''1''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 6 |11 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |2 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |1 | '''3''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 7 |12 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''0''' |- style="text-align:center" |Day 8 |13 April | bgcolor=F7F6A8 |0 | bgcolor=DCE5E5 |0 | bgcolor=FFDAB9 |0 |'''0''' |- !colspan=2|Total ! style="background:gold" |2 ! style="background:silver" |1 ! style="background:#c96" |3 !6 |} {{col-end}} ==Athletics== {{main|Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Image:BASA-3K-7-422-20-1896 Summer Olympics.jpg|thumb|Hungarian athletic team of 1896 Summer Olympics]] [[Image:Nandor dani.jpg|thumb|right|Nándor Dáni]] [[Image:Alajos szokolyi.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Alajos Szokolyi]] The Hungarian athletes were successful in each event except the 110 metre hurdles, taking a silver, two bronzes, and a 4th-place finish. The entry and competitor lists for some events are not agreed on by all sources. In the 100 metres, Dáni, Leonidasz Manno, and István Zachar may have entered and not started (or possibly have competed) along with Szokolyi.<ref name=Butler>Butler, Maynard. ''The Olympic Games''. In Mallon & Widlund, pp. 37–41.</ref><ref name=Megede>Ekkehard zur Megede : The history of Olympic athletics. Volume 1: 1896-1936. Verlag Bartels & Wernitz KG, Berlin, 2nd edition 1970.</ref><ref name=Olympedia100m>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/results/56000 |work=Olympedia |title=100 metres, Men |access-date=21 July 2020}}</ref> '''Track & road events''' {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Heat !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |align=left|[[Nándor Dáni]] |align=left rowspan=4|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|100 m]] |colspan=2|Did not start |colspan=2|Did not advance |- |align=left|Leonidasz Manno |colspan=2|Did not start |colspan=2|Did not advance |- |align=left|István Zachar |colspan=2|Did not start |colspan=2|Did not advance |- |align=left|'''[[Alajos Szokolyi]]''' |12.8 |2 '''Q''' |12.6 |{{bronze03}} |- |align=left|'''[[Nándor Dáni]]''' |align=left|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres|800 m]] |2:10.2 |2 '''Q''' |2:11.8 |{{silver02}} |- |align=left|[[Alajos Szokolyi]] |align=left|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles|110 m hurdles]] |Unknown |2 '''Q''' |colspan=2|Did not start |- |align=left|'''[[Gyula Kellner]]''' |align=left|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|Marathon]] |colspan=2 {{N/A}} |3:06:35 |{{bronze03}} |} '''Field events''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Distance !Position |- |align=left|[[Alajos Szokolyi]] |align=left|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump|Men's triple jump]] |11.26 |4 |} ==Gymnastics== {{main|Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} === Artistic === {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !Athlete !Event !Rank |- |align=left|[[Gyula Kakas]] |align=left rowspan=2|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's vault|Vault]] | 4–15 |- |align=left|[[Desiderius Wein]] | 4–15 |- |align=left|[[Gyula Kakas]] |align=left rowspan=2|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's pommel horse|Pommel horse]] | 3–15 |- |align=left|[[Desiderius Wein]] | 3–15 |- |align=left|[[Gyula Kakas]] |align=left rowspan=2|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's horizontal bar|Horizontal bar]] | 3–15 |- |align=left|[[Desiderius Wein]] | 3–15 |- |align=left|[[Gyula Kakas]] |align=left rowspan=2 |[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's parallel bars|Parallel bars]] | 3–18 |- |align=left|[[Desiderius Wein]] | 3–18 |- |align=left|[[Desiderius Wein]] |align=left|[[Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's rings|Rings]] | 4, 6–8 |} ==Swimming== {{main|Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Image:Hajos.jpg|thumb|right|Alfréd Hajós]] Hajós won both events he entered, taking two of the four swimming medals (he could not enter the 100 metres for sailors event, and the 500 metres was immediately after the 100 metres and immediately before the 1200 metres). {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank |- |align=left|'''[[Alfréd Hajós]]''' |align=left|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] |1:22.2 [[List of Olympic records in athletics|'''OR''']] |{{gold01}} |- |align=left|'''[[Alfréd Hajós]]''' |align=left|[[Swimming at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 1200 metre freestyle|1200 m freestyle]] |18:22.2 |{{gold01}} |} ==Tennis== {{main|Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} Tapavicza was defeated by [[Dionysios Kasdaglis]] in the semifinals of the singles tournament. {|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals !colspan=2|Final |-style="font-size:95%" !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |align=left|'''[[Momčilo Tapavica|Momcsilló Tapavicza]]''' |align=left|[[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|Men's singles]] |{{flagIOCathlete|[[D. Frangopoulos|Frangopoulos]]|GRE|1896 Summer}} '''W''' |{{Bye}} |{{flagIOCathlete|[[Dionysios Kasdaglis|Kasdaglis]]|GRE|1896 Summer}} '''L''' |Did not advance |{{bronze03}} |} ==Weightlifting== {{main|Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} {|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" !Athlete !Event !Result !Rank |- |align=left|[[Momčilo Tapavica|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] |align=left|[[Weightlifting at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's two hand lift|Men's two hand lift]] | 80.0 |6 |} ==Wrestling== {{main|Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} {|class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center" !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |align=left|[[Momčilo Tapavica|Momcsilló Tapavicza]] |align=left|[[Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman|Men's Greco-Roman]] |{{flagIOCathlete|[[Stephanos Christopoulos|Christopoulos]]|GRE|1896 Summer}} '''L''' |colspan=2|Did not advance |4 |} ==Notes== {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} ==References== * {{cite book |author1=Lampros, S.P. |author2=Polites, N.G. |author3=De Coubertin, Pierre |author4=Philemon, P.J. |author5=Anninos, C. | title=The Olympic Games: BC 776 – AD 1896 | location=Athens | publisher=Charles Beck | year=1897 }} (Digitally available at [http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1896/1896.pdf]) * {{cite book | author1=Mallon, Bill | author2=Widlund, Ture | title=The 1896 Olympic Games. Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary | location=Jefferson | publisher=McFarland | year=1998 | isbn=0-7864-0379-9 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/resultsofearlymo00mall }} (Excerpt available at [https://web.archive.org/web/20080411091042/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/Mallon/1896.pdf]) * {{cite book | author=Smith, Michael Llewellyn | title= Olympics in Athens 1896. The Invention of the Modern Olympic Games | location=London | publisher=Profile Books | year = 2004 | isbn=1-86197-342-X}} {{Nations at the 1896 Summer Olympics}} [[Category:Nations at the 1896 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Hungary at the Summer Olympics by year|1896]] [[Category:1896 in Hungarian sport|Olympics]]

1,184,954,744

[{"title": "Hungary at the \u00b7 1896 Summer Olympics", "data": {"IOC code": "HUN", "NOC": "Hungarian Olympic Committee", "Website": "www.olimpia.hu (in Hungarian and English)"}}, {"title": "in Athens, Greece \u00b7 April 6, 1896 \u2013 April 15, 1896", "data": {"Competitors": "7 in 6 sports and 16 events", "Medals \u00b7 Ranked 6th": "Gold 2 Silver 1 Bronze 3 Total 6"}}, {"title": "Summer Olympics appearances (overview)", "data": {"Summer Olympics appearances (overview)": "1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024"}}, {"title": "Other related appearances", "data": {"Other related appearances": "1906 Intercalated Games"}}]

false

# 2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone The Asia/Oceania Zone was one of three zones of regional competition in the 2004 Fed Cup. ## Group I - Venue: R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, New Delhi, India (outdoor hard) - Date: 19–24 April The nine teams were divided into two pools of four and five teams. The teams that finished first and second in the pools played-off to determine which team would partake in the World Group play-offs. The two nations coming second-last and last in the pools also played-off to determine which two would be relegated to Group II for 2005. ### Pools | | Pool A | THA | NZL | CHN | PHI | | 1 | Thailand (3–0) | | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | | 2 | New Zealand (2–1) | 1–2 | | 2–1 | 3–0 | | 3 | China (1–2) | 1–2 | 1–2 | | 3–0 | | 4 | Philippines (0–3) | 0–3 | 0–3 | 0–3 | | | | Pool B | INA | IND | KOR | TPE | UZB | | 1 | Indonesia (4–0) | | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | | 2 | India (3–1) | 1–2 | | 2–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | | 3 | South Korea (2–2) | 1–2 | 1–2 | | 3–0 | 2–1 | | 4 | Chinese Taipei (1–3) | 0–3 | 0–3 | 0–3 | | 2–1 | | 5 | Uzbekistan (0–4) | 1–2 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 1–2 | | ### Play-offs | Placing | A Team | Score | B Team | | ---------- | ----------- | ----- | -------------- | | Promotion | Thailand | 2–0 | India | | Promotion | New Zealand | 1–2 | Indonesia | | 5th | N/A | | South Korea | | Relegation | China | 2–1 | Uzbekistan | | Relegation | Philippines | 1–2 | Chinese Taipei | - Thailand and Indonesia advanced to 2004 World Group play-offs.[1][2] - Uzbekistan and Philippines was relegated to Group II for 2005.[3] ## Group II - Venue: R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, New Delhi, India (outdoor hard) - Date: 19–24 April The five teams played in one pool of five, with the two teams placing first and second in the pool advancing to Group I for 2005. ### Pool | | Pool | KAZ | SIN | POC | SYR | TKM | | 1 | Kazakhstan (4–0) | | 3–0 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 3–0 | | 2 | Singapore (3–1) | 0–3 | | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | | 3 | Pacific Oceania (2–2) | 0–3 | 1–2 | | 3–0 | 3–0 | | 4 | Syria (1–3) | 0–3 | 1–2 | 0–3 | | 2–1 | | 5 | Turkmenistan (0–4) | 0–3 | 0–3 | 0–3 | 1–2 | | - Kazakhstan and Singapore advanced to Group I for 2005.[4]

enwiki/36572454

enwiki

36,572,454

2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Fed_Cup_Asia/Oceania_Zone

2025-06-17T04:33:38Z

en

Q4602774

88,650

{{Short description|Subsection of tennis competition}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}} {{main|2004 Fed Cup}} The '''Asia/Oceania Zone''' was one of three zones of regional competition in the [[2004 Fed Cup]]. ==Group I== *Venue: [[R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]] (outdoor hard) *Date: 19–24 April The nine teams were divided into two pools of four and five teams. The teams that finished first and second in the pools played-off to determine which team would partake in the [[2004 Fed Cup World Group play-offs|World Group play-offs]]. The two nations coming second-last and last in the pools also played-off to determine which two would be relegated to Group II for 2005. ===Pools=== {{col-float-begin|width=35em}} {{4TeamRR | title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool A|Pool A]] | team-1-abbrev=THA | team-1={{fed|THA}} (3–0) | team-2-abbrev=NZL | team-2={{nowrap|{{fed|NZL}} (2–1)}} | team-3-abbrev=CHN | team-3={{fed|CHN}} (1–2) | team-4-abbrev=PHI | team-4={{nowrap|{{fed|PHI}} (0–3)}} | 1v2=2–1 |1v3=2–1 |1v4=3–0 |2v1=1–2 | 2v3=2–1 |2v4=3–0 |3v1=1–2 |3v2=1–2 | 3v4=3–0 |4v1=0–3 |4v2=0–3 |4v3=0–3 }} {{col-float-break|width=35em}} {{5TeamRR | title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B|Pool B]] | team-1-abbrev=INA | team-1={{fed|INA}} (4–0) | team-2-abbrev=IND | team-2={{fed|IND}} (3–1) | team-3-abbrev=KOR | team-3={{fed|KOR}} (2–2) | team-4-abbrev=TPE | team-4={{nowrap|{{fed|TPE}} (1–3)}} | team-5-abbrev=UZB | team-5={{fed|UZB}} (0–4) | 1v2=2–1 |1v3=2–1 |1v4=3–0 |1v5=2–1 |2v1=1–2 | 2v3=2–1 |2v4=3–0 |2v5=2–1 |3v1=1–2 |3v2=1–2 | 3v4=3–0 |3v5=2–1 |4v1=0–3 |4v2=0–3 |4v3=0–3 | 4v5=2–1 |5v1=1–2 |5v2=1–2 |5v3=1–2 |5v4=1–2 }} {{col-float-end}} ===Play-offs=== {{main|2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Play-offs}} {|class=wikitable style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;" |- !Placing!!A Team!!Score!!B Team |- |Promotion || '''{{fed|THA}}''' ||align="center"|2–0||| {{fed|IND}} |- |Promotion || {{fed|NZL}} ||align="center"|1–2||| '''{{fed|INA}}''' |- |5th || N/A ||||| {{fed|KOR}} |- |Relegation || {{fed|CHN}} ||align="center"|2–1||| ''{{fed|UZB}}'' |- |Relegation || ''{{fed|PHI}}'' ||align="center"|1–2||| {{fed|TPE}} |} * '''{{fed|THA}}''' and '''{{fed|INA}}''' advanced to 2004 World Group play-offs.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100006009|title=Thailand v Australia|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100006015|title=Indonesia v Slovenia|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> * ''{{fed|UZB}}'' and ''{{fed|PHI}}'' was relegated to Group II for 2005.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100007127|title=Uzbekistan v Philippines|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> ==Group II== *Venue: [[R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]] (outdoor hard) *Date: 19–24 April The five teams played in one pool of five, with the two teams placing first and second in the pool advancing to Group I for 2005. ===Pool=== {{5TeamRR | title=[[2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool|Pool]] | team-1-abbrev=KAZ | team-1={{fed|KAZ}} (4–0) | team-2-abbrev=SIN | team-2={{fed|SIN}} (3–1) | team-3-abbrev=POC | team-3= [[Pacific Oceania Fed Cup team|Pacific Oceania]] (2–2) | team-4-abbrev=SYR | team-4={{fed|SYR}} (1–3) | team-5-abbrev=TKM | team-5={{fed|TKM}} (0–4) | 1v2=3–0 |1v3=3–0 |1v4=3–0 |1v5=3–0 |2v1=0–3 | 2v3=2–1 |2v4=2–1 |2v5=3–0 |3v1=0–3 |3v2=1–2 | 3v4=3–0 |3v5=3–0 |4v1=0–3 |4v2=1–2 |4v3=0–3 | 4v5=2–1 |5v1=0–3 |5v2=0–3 |5v3=0–3 |5v4=1–2 }} * '''{{fed|KAZ}}''' and '''{{fed|SIN}}''' advanced to Group I for 2005.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fedcup.com/en/results/tie/details.aspx?tieId=100007156|title=Kazakhstan v Singapore|publisher=fedcup.com}}</ref> ==See also== *[[Fed Cup structure]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{refbegin}} * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=INA Fed Cup Profile, Indonesia] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=KOR Fed Cup Profile, South Korea] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=TPE Fed Cup Profile, Chinese Taipei] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=NZL Fed Cup Profile, New Zealand] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=CHN Fed Cup Profile, China] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=IND Fed Cup Profile, India] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=THA Fed Cup Profile, Thailand] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=PHI Fed Cup Profile, Philippines] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=SYR Fed Cup Profile, Syria] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=KAZ Fed Cup Profile, Kazakhstan] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=POC Fed Cup Profile, Pacific Oceania] * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=SIN Fed Cup Profile, Singapore] {{refend}} ==External links== * [http://www.fedcup.com/en/home.aspx Fed Cup website] {{Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone}} {{DEFAULTSORT:2004 Fed Cup Asia Oceania Zone}} [[Category:2004 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone| ]] [[Category:2004 Fed Cup|Asia Oceania]] [[Category:Sport in New Delhi]] [[Category:Tennis tournaments in India]]

1,295,996,332

[]

false

# 1864 United States presidential election in Maine The 1864 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 8, 1864, as part of the 1864 United States presidential election. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Maine voted for the National Union candidate, incumbent Republican President Abraham Lincoln and his running mate Andrew Johnson. They defeated the Democratic candidate, George B. McClellan and his running mate George H. Pendleton. Lincoln won the state by a margin of 18.14%. ## Results | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | | | National Union | Abraham Lincoln (incumbent) | 67,805 | 59.07% | 7 | | | Democratic | George B. McClellan | 46,992 | 40.93% | 0 | | Totals | Totals | Totals | 114,797 | 100.0% | 7 |

enwiki/53965898

enwiki

53,965,898

1864 United States presidential election in Maine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine

2025-06-08T05:47:05Z

en

Q30638126

198,380

{{short description|none}} {{Use American English|date=June 2025}}  {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}} {{Main|1864 United States presidential election}} {{Infobox election | election_name = 1864 United States presidential election in Maine | country = Maine | flag_image = Flag of the United States (1863-1865).svg | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1860 United States presidential election in Maine | previous_year = 1860 | next_election = 1868 United States presidential election in Maine | next_year = 1868 | election_date = November 8, 1864 | image_size = x200px | image1 = Abraham Lincoln November 1863.jpg | nominee1 = '''[[Abraham Lincoln]]''' | party1 = National Union Party (United States) | home_state1 = [[Illinois]] | running_mate1 = '''[[Andrew Johnson]]''' | electoral_vote1 = '''7''' | popular_vote1 = '''67,805''' | percentage1 = '''59.07%''' | image2 = GeorgeMcClellan2 (cropped).jpg | nominee2 = [[George B. McClellan]] | party2 = Democratic Party (United States) | home_state2 = [[New Jersey]] | running_mate2 = [[George H. Pendleton]] | electoral_vote2 = 0 | popular_vote2 = 46,992 | percentage2 = 40.93% | map_image = Maine Presidential Election Results 1864.svg | map_size = 300px | map_caption = County Results {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} '''Lincoln''' {{legend|#E27F90|50–60%}} {{legend|#cc2f4a|60–70%}} {{legend|#d40000|70–80%}} {{col-2}} '''McClellan''' {{legend|#86b6f2|50–60%}} {{col-end}} | title = President | before_election = [[Abraham Lincoln]] | before_party = Republican Party (United States) | after_election = [[Abraham Lincoln]] | after_party = National Union Party (United States) }} {{Elections in Maine sidebar}} The '''1864 United States presidential election in Maine''' took place on November 8, 1864, as part of the [[1864 United States presidential election]]. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]], who voted for [[President of the United States|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]]. [[Maine]] voted for the [[National Union Party (United States)|National Union]] candidate, incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] President [[Abraham Lincoln]] and his running mate [[Andrew Johnson]]. They defeated the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] candidate, [[George B. McClellan]] and his running mate [[George H. Pendleton]]. Lincoln won the state by a margin of 18.14%. ==Results== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" |- ! colspan="6" | 1864 United States presidential election in Maine<ref name=results>{{cite web|title=1864 Presidential General Election Results - Maine|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?fips=23&year=1864&f=0&off=0&elect=0|publisher=U.S. Election Atlas|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" style="width: 15em" |Party ! style="width: 17em" |Candidate ! style="width: 5em" |Votes ! style="width: 7em" |Percentage ! style="width: 5em" |Electoral votes |- ! style="background-color:#FF3333; width: 3px" | | style="width: 130px" | '''[[National Union Party (United States)|National Union]]''' | '''[[Abraham Lincoln]] (incumbent)''' | align="right" | '''67,805''' | align="right" | '''59.07%''' | align="right" | '''7''' |- ! style="background-color:#3333FF; width: 3px" | | style="width: 130px" | [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] | [[George B. McClellan]] | align="right" | 46,992 | align="right" | 40.93% | align="right" | 0 |- |-bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | colspan="3" align="right" | '''Totals''' | align="right" | '''114,797''' | align="right" | '''100.0%''' | align="right" | '''7''' |- |} ==See also== * [[United States presidential elections in Maine]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Maine elections}} {{United States elections}} {{State Results of the 1864 U.S. presidential election}} [[Category:1864 United States presidential election by state|Maine]] [[Category:United States presidential elections in Maine|1864]] [[Category:1864 Maine elections]] {{Maine-election-stub}}

1,294,519,044

[{"title": "1864 United States presidential election in Maine", "data": {"\u2190 1860": "November 8, 1864 \u00b7 1868 \u2192", "Nominee": "Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 George B. McClellan", "Party": "National Union \u00b7 Democratic", "Home state": "Illinois \u00b7 New Jersey", "Running mate": "Andrew Johnson \u00b7 George H. Pendleton", "Electoral vote": "7 \u00b7 0", "Popular vote": "67,805 \u00b7 46,992", "Percentage": "59.07% \u00b7 40.93%", "Lincoln 50\u201360% 60\u201370% 70\u201380%": "McClellan 50\u201360%", "President before election \u00b7 Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 Republican": "Elected President \u00b7 Abraham Lincoln \u00b7 National Union"}}]

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# L. P. Davies Leslie Purnell Davies (20 October 1914 – 6 January 1988) was a British novelist whose works typically combine elements of horror, science fiction and mystery. He also wrote many short stories under several pseudonyms, including: L. Purnell Davies, Leo Berne, Richard Bridgeman, Morgan Evans, Ian Jefferson, Lawrence Phillips, Thomas Philips, G. K. Thomas, Leslie Vardre, and Rowland Welch. ## Themes Davies' books often deal with the manipulation of human consciousness, and in some ways are comparable to the works of Philip K. Dick. (The premise of The Artificial Man resembles that of Dick's Time Out of Joint.) His protagonists frequently suffer from amnesia or other loss of identity, and their quest to find out who they really are drives the plot. ## Film adaptations Davies' novels The Artificial Man (1965) and Psychogeist (1966) were adapted into the 1968 film Project X, and The Alien (1968) was loosely adapted into the 1972 film The Groundstar Conspiracy. The Paper Dolls (1964) was adapted by Hammer as an episode ("Paper Dolls") of its television series Journey to the Unknown (1968). ## Personal life Davies worked as a pharmacist, postmaster, optometrist, and gift shop owner, and served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in France, Italy and North Africa. ## Critical evaluation A critical essay on Davies' novels can be found in S. T. Joshi's The Evolution of the Weird Tale (2004). ## Novels - The Paper Dolls (1964) - Man Out of Nowhere (1965; published in the US in 1966 as Who Is Lewis Pinder?) - The Artificial Man (1965) - Psychogeist (1966) - Tell it to the Dead (1966, under the pseudonym Leslie Vardre; published in the US in 1967 as The Reluctant Medium under the author's real name) - Twilight Journey (1967) - The Lampton Dreamers (1967) - The Nameless Ones (1967; published in the US in 1968 as A Grave Matter) - The Alien (1968) - Dimension A (1969) - Genesis Two (1969) - Stranger to Town (1969) - The White Room (1969) - Adventure Holidays Ltd. (1970) - The Shadow Before (1970) - Give Me Back Myself (1971) - What Did I Do Tomorrow? (1972) - Assignment Abacus (1975) - Possession (1976) - The Land of Leys (1979) - Morning Walk (1983) ## Short Story Collection - Shadows Before: The London Mystery Stories of L.P. Davies (2 vols., Ramble House, 2021)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._P._Davies

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{{Short description|British writer}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} '''Leslie Purnell Davies''' (20 October 1914 – 6 January 1988) was a British [[novelist]] whose works typically combine elements of [[horror fiction|horror]], [[science fiction]] and [[mystery fiction|mystery]]. He also wrote many [[short story|short stories]] under several [[pseudonym]]s, including: L. Purnell Davies, Leo Berne, Richard Bridgeman, Morgan Evans, Ian Jefferson, Lawrence Phillips, Thomas Philips, G. K. Thomas, Leslie Vardre, and Rowland Welch.<ref>"L(eslie) P(urnell) Davies." ''St. James Guide to Crime & Mystery Writers'', Gale, 1996. ''Biography in Context'', http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K2406000118/BIC1?u=azycldo&xid=dd1fb25d . Accessed 23 Feb. 2018.</ref> ==Themes== Davies' books often deal with the manipulation of human [[consciousness]], and in some ways are comparable to the works of [[Philip K. Dick]]. (The premise of ''The Artificial Man'' resembles that of Dick's ''[[Time Out of Joint]]''.) His protagonists frequently suffer from [[amnesia]] or other loss of [[Psychological identity|identity]], and their quest to find out who they really are drives the plot. ==Film adaptations== Davies' novels ''The Artificial Man'' (1965) and ''Psychogeist'' (1966) were adapted into the 1968 film [[Project X (1968 film)|Project X]], and ''The Alien'' (1968) was loosely adapted into the 1972 film ''[[The Groundstar Conspiracy]]''. ''The Paper Dolls'' (1964) was adapted by [[Hammer Film Productions|Hammer]] as an episode ("Paper Dolls") of its television series [[Journey to the Unknown]] (1968). ==Personal life== Davies worked as a pharmacist, postmaster, optometrist, and gift shop owner, and served in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] in France, Italy and North Africa. ==Critical evaluation== A critical essay on Davies' novels can be found in [[S. T. Joshi]]'s ''The Evolution of the Weird Tale'' (2004). ==Novels== *''The Paper Dolls'' (1964) *''Man Out of Nowhere'' (1965; published in the US in 1966 as ''Who Is Lewis Pinder?'') *''The Artificial Man'' (1965) *''Psychogeist'' (1966) *''Tell it to the Dead'' (1966, under the pseudonym Leslie Vardre; published in the US in 1967 as ''The Reluctant Medium'' under the author's real name) *''Twilight Journey'' (1967) *''The Lampton Dreamers'' (1967) *''The Nameless Ones'' (1967; published in the US in 1968 as ''A Grave Matter'') *''The Alien'' (1968) *''Dimension A'' (1969) *''Genesis Two'' (1969) *''Stranger to Town'' (1969) *''The White Room'' (1969) *''Adventure Holidays Ltd.'' (1970) *''The Shadow Before'' (1970) *''Give Me Back Myself'' (1971) *''What Did I Do Tomorrow?'' (1972) *''Assignment Abacus'' (1975) *''Possession'' (1976) *''The Land of Leys'' (1979) *''Morning Walk'' (1983) ==Short Story Collection== *''Shadows Before: The London Mystery Stories of L.P. Davies'' (2 vols., Ramble House, 2021) ==See also== *[[List of horror fiction authors]] ==References== <references /> * Joshi, S. T. "L. P. Davies: The Workings of the Mind", in ''The Evolution of the Weird Tale'' (2004), pp. 149–165. ==External links== *{{isfdb name|id=L._P._Davies|name=L. P. Davies}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20111021053806/http://www.trashface.com/lpdavies.html L. P. Davies: International Man of Mystery, Author and ... Gift Shop Owner] *[http://bloodymurder.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/m-is-for-man-out-of-nowhere-1965-by-lp-davies/ M is for … MAN OUT OF NOWHERE by LP Davies (with much additional information)] * [[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]] https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/davies_l_p {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Davies, L. P.}} [[Category:1914 births]] [[Category:1988 deaths]] [[Category:British horror writers]] [[Category:British science fiction writers]] [[Category:20th-century British novelists]] [[Category:British male novelists]] [[Category:British Army personnel of World War II]] [[Category:Royal Army Medical Corps soldiers]]

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