<s>
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open	I-License
source	I-License
download	B-Protocol
manager	I-Protocol
for	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
from	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
and	O
over	O
1,000	O
other	O
video	O
hosting	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
released	O
under	O
the	B-License
Unlicense	I-License
software	B-License
license	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
September	O
2021	O
,	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
starred	O
projects	O
on	O
GitHub	B-Application
,	O
with	O
over	O
100,000	O
stars	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Numerous	O
forks	B-Application
exist	O
of	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
was	O
created	O
in	O
2006	O
by	O
Ricardo	O
Garcia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
only	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
was	O
supported	O
,	O
but	O
as	O
the	O
project	O
grew	O
,	O
it	O
began	O
supporting	O
other	O
video	O
sharing	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
some	O
community	O
members	O
released	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
of	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
,	O
named	O
youtube-dlc	O
(	O
for	O
"	O
community	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
23	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
Recording	O
Industry	O
Association	O
of	O
America	O
(	O
RIAA	O
)	O
issued	O
a	O
takedown	O
notice	O
to	O
GitHub	B-Application
under	O
the	O
Digital	O
Millennium	O
Copyright	O
Act	O
(	O
DMCA	O
)	O
,	O
requesting	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
and	O
17	O
public	O
forks	B-Application
of	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RIAA	O
request	O
argued	O
that	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
violates	O
the	O
Section	O
1201	O
anti-circumvention	O
provisions	O
of	O
the	O
DMCA	O
,	O
and	O
provisions	O
of	O
German	O
copyright	O
law	O
,	O
since	O
it	O
circumvents	O
a	O
"	O
rolling	O
cipher	O
"	O
used	O
by	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
to	O
generate	O
the	O
URL	O
for	O
the	O
video	O
file	O
itself	O
(	O
which	O
the	O
RIAA	O
has	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
technical	B-Application
protection	I-Application
measure	I-Application
,	O
since	O
it	O
is	O
"	O
intended	O
to	O
inhibit	O
direct	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
underlying	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
video	I-General_Concept
files	O
,	O
thereby	O
preventing	O
or	O
inhibiting	O
the	O
downloading	O
,	O
copying	O
,	O
or	O
distribution	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
files	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
its	O
documentation	O
expressly	O
encouraged	O
its	O
use	O
with	O
copyrighted	O
media	O
by	O
listing	O
music	O
videos	O
by	O
RIAA-represented	O
artists	O
as	O
examples	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GitHub	B-Application
initially	O
complied	O
with	O
the	O
request	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
users	O
posted	O
images	O
on	O
Twitter	B-Application
containing	O
the	O
whole	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
source	O
code	O
encoded	O
in	O
different	O
colors	O
on	O
each	O
pixel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GitHub	B-Application
users	O
also	O
filed	O
pull	O
requests	O
to	O
GitHub	B-Application
's	O
own	O
repository	O
of	O
DMCA	O
takedown	O
notices	O
that	O
included	O
youtube-dl	B-Protocol
source	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
16	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
GitHub	B-Application
publicly	O
reinstated	O
the	O
repository	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
Electronic	O
Frontier	O
Foundation	O
sent	O
GitHub	B-Application
a	O
document	O
contesting	O
that	O
the	O
software	O
was	O
not	O
capable	O
of	O
breaching	O
commercial	O
DRM	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GitHub	B-Application
also	O
announced	O
that	O
future	O
takedown	O
claims	O
under	O
Section	O
1201	O
would	O
be	O
manually	O
scrutinized	O
on	O
a	O
case-by-case	O
basis	O
by	O
legal	O
and	O
technical	O
experts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
ffmpeg	B-Library
.	O
</s>
