<s>
Yandex	B-Application
Search	I-Application
(	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2015	O
,	O
Yandex	B-Application
Search	I-Application
generated	O
51.2	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
search	O
traffic	O
in	O
Russia	O
according	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
search	O
technology	O
provides	O
local	B-Application
search	I-Application
results	O
in	O
more	O
than	O
1,400	O
cities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	B-Application
Search	I-Application
also	O
features	O
“	O
parallel	O
”	O
search	O
that	O
presents	O
results	O
from	O
both	O
main	O
web	O
index	O
and	O
specialized	O
information	O
resources	O
,	O
including	O
news	O
,	O
shopping	O
,	O
blogs	O
,	O
images	O
and	O
videos	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	B-Application
Search	I-Application
is	O
responsive	O
to	O
real-time	O
queries	O
,	O
recognizing	O
when	O
a	O
query	O
requires	O
the	O
most	O
current	O
information	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
breaking	O
news	O
or	O
the	O
most	O
recent	O
post	O
on	O
Twitter	B-Application
on	O
a	O
particular	O
topic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
contains	O
some	O
additional	O
features	O
:	O
Wizard	O
Answer	O
,	O
which	O
provides	O
additional	O
information	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
sports	O
results	O
)	O
,	O
spell	B-Application
checker	I-Application
,	O
autocomplete	O
which	O
suggests	O
queries	O
as-you-type	O
,	O
antivirus	B-Application
that	O
detects	O
malware	O
on	O
webpages	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2010	O
,	O
Yandex	O
launched	O
Yandex.com,	O
a	O
platform	O
for	O
beta	O
testing	O
and	O
improving	O
non-Russian	O
language	O
search	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
web	B-Application
search	I-Application
,	O
Yandex	O
provides	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
specialized	O
search	B-Application
services	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Yandex	O
launched	O
MatrixNet	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
method	O
of	O
machine	O
learning	O
that	O
significantly	O
improves	O
the	O
relevance	O
of	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
the	O
Yandex’	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
to	O
take	O
into	O
account	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
factors	O
when	O
it	O
makes	O
the	O
decision	O
about	O
relevancy	O
of	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
inferring	O
implicit	O
queries	O
and	O
returning	O
matching	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Proportions	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
responding	O
to	O
different	O
user	O
intents	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
user	O
demand	O
for	O
these	O
results	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
first	O
release	O
on	O
21	O
July	O
2017	O
,	O
Brave	B-Application
web	O
browser	O
features	O
Yandex	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
its	O
default	O
search	B-Application
engines	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2022	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
2022	O
Russian	O
invasion	O
of	O
Ukraine	O
,	O
Yandex	O
and	O
Mail.ru	O
were	O
removed	O
as	O
optional	O
search	O
providers	O
from	O
the	O
Mozilla	B-Application
Firefox	I-Application
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
consists	O
of	O
three	O
main	O
components	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Index	O
is	O
a	O
database	O
compiled	O
by	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
indexing	I-Application
robots	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
,	O
Yandex	O
indexes	O
the	O
following	O
file	O
types	O
:	O
html	B-Language
,	O
pdf	B-Application
,	O
rtf	O
,	O
doc	B-Application
,	O
xls	B-Application
,	O
ppt	B-Application
,	O
docx	B-Operating_System
,	O
odt	B-Application
,	O
odp	O
,	O
ods	O
,	O
odg	O
,	O
xlsx	B-Operating_System
,	O
pptx	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
there	O
are	O
several	O
sites	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
content	O
,	O
only	O
one	O
will	O
be	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mozilla/5.0	O
(	O
compatible	O
;	O
YandexAntivirus/2.0	O
)	O
-	O
Yandex	O
anti-virus	B-Application
robot	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Yandex	B-Application
search	I-Application
takes	O
into	O
account	O
the	O
morphology	O
of	O
the	O
Russian	O
language	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
the	O
word	O
in	O
the	O
search	O
query	O
,	O
the	O
search	O
will	O
be	O
performed	O
for	O
all	O
word	O
forms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Search	B-Application
results	I-Application
for	O
each	O
user	O
are	O
formed	O
individually	O
based	O
on	O
their	O
location	O
,	O
language	O
of	O
a	O
query	O
,	O
interests	O
and	O
preferences	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
previous	O
and	O
current	O
search	O
sessions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
key	O
factor	O
in	O
ranking	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
is	O
their	O
relevance	O
to	O
the	O
search	O
query	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Search	B-Application
results	I-Application
can	O
be	O
sorted	O
by	O
relevance	O
and	O
by	O
date	O
(	O
buttons	O
below	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
page	O
with	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
consists	O
of	O
10	O
links	O
with	O
short	O
annotations	O
-	O
“	O
snippets	O
”	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	O
implements	O
the	O
“	O
parallel	O
searches	O
”	O
mechanism	O
,	O
when	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
web	B-Application
search	I-Application
,	O
a	O
search	O
is	O
performed	O
on	O
Yandex	O
services	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Catalog	O
,	O
News	O
,	O
Market	O
,	O
Encyclopedias	O
,	O
Images	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
distinctive	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
is	O
also	O
the	O
technology	O
of	O
"	O
intent	O
search	O
"	O
that	O
mean	O
a	O
search	O
for	O
solving	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
request	O
“	O
Boris	O
Grebenshchikov	O
-	O
Golden	O
City	O
”	O
,	O
the	O
system	O
will	O
show	O
a	O
form	O
for	O
online	O
listening	O
to	O
music	O
from	O
the	O
Yandex	B-Application
Music	I-Application
service	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
"	O
st.	O
Koroleva	O
12	O
"	O
will	O
be	O
shown	O
a	O
fragment	O
of	O
the	O
map	B-Operating_System
with	O
the	O
marked	O
object	O
on	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
Yandex	O
was	O
considered	O
by	O
some	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
safest	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
at	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
the	O
third	O
most	O
secure	O
among	O
all	O
web	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2016	O
,	O
Yandex	O
had	O
slipped	O
down	O
to	O
third	O
with	O
Google	B-Application
being	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Checking	O
web	O
pages	O
and	O
warning	O
users	O
appeared	O
on	O
Yandex	O
in	O
2009	O
:	O
since	O
then	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
page	O
,	O
next	O
to	O
a	O
dangerous	O
site	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
note	O
“	O
This	O
site	O
may	O
threaten	O
the	O
security	O
of	O
your	O
computer	O
”	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
was	O
purchased	O
from	O
the	O
American	O
antivirus	B-Application
Sophos	O
and	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
signature	O
approach	O
:	O
that	O
means	O
,	O
when	O
accessing	O
a	O
web	O
page	O
,	O
the	O
antivirus	B-Application
system	O
also	O
accesses	O
a	O
database	O
of	O
already	O
known	O
viruses	O
and	O
malware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
Yandex	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
signature	O
also	O
uses	O
its	O
own	O
antivirus	B-Application
complex	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
an	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
behavioral	O
factor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
if	O
information	O
is	O
received	O
that	O
the	O
site	O
begins	O
to	O
perform	O
certain	O
actions	O
(	O
cascading	O
style	O
sheets	O
,	O
JavaScript	B-Language
modules	O
are	O
launched	O
and	O
complete	O
programs	O
)	O
without	O
user	O
permission	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
placed	O
in	O
the	O
“	O
black	O
list	O
”	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
database	O
of	O
virus	O
signatures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	O
about	O
the	O
infection	O
of	O
the	O
site	O
appears	O
in	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
,	O
and	O
through	O
the	O
Yandex.Webmaster	O
service	O
the	O
owner	O
of	O
the	O
site	O
receives	O
a	O
notification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
mechanism	O
was	O
implemented	O
in	O
the	O
Yandex	O
and	O
in	O
the	B-Application
Google	I-Application
's	O
PageRank	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
user	O
types	O
the	O
query	O
in	O
the	O
search	O
bar	O
,	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
offers	O
hints	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
drop-down	O
list	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hints	O
appear	O
even	O
before	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
appears	O
and	O
allow	O
you	O
to	O
refine	O
the	O
query	O
,	O
correct	O
the	O
layout	O
or	O
typo	O
,	O
or	O
go	O
directly	O
to	O
the	O
site	O
you	O
are	O
looking	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
actual	O
search	O
,	O
Hints	O
are	O
built	O
into	O
Yandex	B-Application
search	I-Application
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
hint	O
function	O
is	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
technology	O
of	O
intent	O
search	O
and	O
first	O
appeared	O
on	O
Yandex.Bar	O
in	O
August	O
2007	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
October	O
2008	O
it	O
was	O
introduced	O
on	O
the	O
main	O
page	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Changes	O
in	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
were	O
not	O
widely	O
represented	O
and	O
remained	O
nameless	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
And	O
only	O
from	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
2008	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
algorithm	O
8	O
SP1	O
was	O
announced	O
,	O
Yandex	O
announced	O
that	O
henceforth	O
the	O
new	O
ranking	B-Application
algorithms	I-Application
will	O
bear	O
the	O
names	O
of	O
cities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
the	O
interpretation	O
of	O
Artemy	O
Lebedev	O
,	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
is	O
consonant	O
with	O
Yandeks	O
,	O
where	O
yang	O
means	O
the	O
masculine	O
beginning	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
yandex.ru	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
was	O
announced	O
by	O
CompTek	O
on	O
23	O
September	O
1997	O
at	O
the	O
Softool	O
exhibition	O
,	O
although	O
some	O
developments	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
search	O
(	O
Bible	O
indexing	O
,	O
searching	O
for	O
documents	O
on	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
,	O
site	O
search	O
)	O
were	O
carried	O
out	O
by	O
the	O
company	O
even	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
same	O
1997	O
,	O
the	O
search	O
for	O
Yandex	O
began	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
version	O
of	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
4.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Search	O
”	O
as	O
of	O
1998	O
worked	O
on	O
three	O
machines	O
running	O
on	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
under	O
Apache	B-Application
:	O
one	O
machine	O
crawled	O
the	O
Internet	O
and	O
indexed	O
documents	O
,	O
one	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
,	O
and	O
one	O
machine	O
duplicated	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
a	O
search	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
categories	O
-	O
search	O
,	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
a	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
and	O
a	O
catalog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
was	O
updated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
6	O
June	O
2000	O
the	O
second	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
was	O
presented	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
limit	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
to	O
the	O
selected	O
topic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2001	O
,	O
Yandex	O
overtook	O
another	O
Russian	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
,	O
Rambler	B-Application
,	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
attendance	O
,	O
and	O
became	O
the	O
leading	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
of	O
Runet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indexing	O
.rtf	O
and	O
.pdf	B-Application
documents	O
was	O
launched	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Search	B-Application
results	I-Application
began	O
to	O
be	O
issued	O
including	O
in	O
XML	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ranking	B-Application
algorithm	I-Application
has	O
changed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	O
began	O
indexing	O
documents	O
in	O
.swf	O
(	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
)	O
.xls	O
and	O
.ppt	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
study	O
“”	O
was	O
published	O
(	O
authors	O
Ilya	O
Segalovich	O
,	O
Mikhail	O
Maslov	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
revealed	O
certain	O
ranking	O
details	O
in	O
a	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ranking	B-Application
algorithm	I-Application
has	O
been	O
improved	O
to	O
increase	O
search	O
accuracy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
has	O
learned	O
to	O
understand	O
queries	O
like	O
“	O
What	O
is	O
 [ something ] 	O
in	O
Spanish	O
”	O
and	O
automatically	O
translate	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
became	O
possible	O
to	O
limit	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
by	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
May	O
2006	O
,	O
site	O
icons	O
have	O
been	O
displayed	O
in	O
the	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ranking	B-Application
algorithm	I-Application
changed	O
again	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Yandex	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
began	O
to	O
openly	O
announce	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
search	B-Application
algorithm	I-Application
and	O
started	O
to	O
name	O
the	O
changes	O
with	O
the	O
names	O
of	O
Russian	O
cities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
started	O
artificially	O
placing	O
negative	O
commentary	O
about	O
Navalny	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
positions	O
in	O
its	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
for	O
his	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	O
declared	O
this	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
an	O
"	O
experiment	O
"	O
and	O
returned	O
to	O
presenting	O
organic	O
search	B-Application
results	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Yandex	O
was	O
the	O
ninth	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
in	O
2009	O
the	O
seventh	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
2013	O
the	O
fourth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2002	O
,	O
the	O
word	O
Yandex	O
became	O
so	O
common	O
that	O
when	O
Arkady	O
Volozh`s	O
company	O
demanded	O
to	O
return	O
the	O
yandex.com	B-Application
domain	O
,	O
bought	O
by	O
third	O
parties	O
,	O
the	O
defendant	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
word	O
"	O
Yandex	O
"	O
was	O
already	O
synonymous	O
with	O
the	O
search	O
and	O
became	O
a	O
household	O
word	O
in	O
Russia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
late	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
Yandex	B-Application
search	I-Application
engine	O
has	O
outperformed	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
users	O
on	O
the	B-Application
Google	I-Application
Chrome	B-Application
browser	I-Application
in	O
Russia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Yandex	O
logo	O
appears	O
in	O
numerous	O
settings	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yandex	O
has	O
relied	O
on	O
several	O
logos	O
since	O
its	O
renaming	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
logo	O
created	O
by	O
Arkady	O
Volozh	O
and	O
debuted	O
in	O
1997	O
on	O
Яndex.Site	O
and	O
Яndex.CD	O
products	O
,	O
even	O
before	O
the	O
announcement	O
of	O
the	O
Yandex	B-Application
search	I-Application
engine	O
.	O
</s>
