<s>
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
(	O
previously	O
LZMA	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
command-line	B-Application
lossless	B-Algorithm
data	I-Algorithm
compressors	I-Algorithm
,	O
including	O
the	O
programs	O
lzma	B-General_Concept
and	O
xz	B-Language
,	O
for	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
and	O
,	O
from	O
version	O
5.0	O
onwards	O
,	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
compression/decompression	O
the	O
Lempel	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Ziv	I-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Markov	I-General_Concept
chain	I-General_Concept
algorithm	I-General_Concept
(	O
LZMA	B-General_Concept
)	O
is	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
started	O
as	O
a	O
Unix	O
port	O
of	O
Igor	B-Language
Pavlov	I-Language
's	O
LZMA-SDK	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
adapted	O
to	O
fit	O
seamlessly	O
into	O
Unix	O
environments	O
and	O
their	O
usual	O
structure	O
and	O
behavior	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
cases	O
,	O
xz	B-Language
achieves	O
higher	O
compression	O
rates	O
than	O
alternatives	O
like	O
gzip	B-Application
and	O
bzip2	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Decompression	O
speed	O
is	O
higher	O
than	O
bzip2	B-Application
,	O
but	O
lower	O
than	O
gzip	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compression	O
can	O
be	O
much	O
slower	O
than	O
gzip	B-Application
,	O
and	O
is	O
slower	O
than	O
bzip2	B-Application
for	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
compression	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
most	O
useful	O
when	O
a	O
compressed	O
file	O
will	O
be	O
used	O
many	O
times	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
consists	O
of	O
two	O
major	O
components	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
can	O
compress	O
and	O
decompress	O
both	O
the	O
xz	B-Language
and	O
lzma	B-General_Concept
file	O
formats	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
the	O
LZMA	B-General_Concept
format	O
is	O
now	O
legacy	B-Device
,	O
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
compresses	O
by	O
default	O
to	O
xz	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
the	O
behavior	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
file	O
format	O
have	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
work	O
similarly	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
popular	O
Unix	O
compressing	O
tools	O
gzip	B-Application
and	O
bzip2	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Just	O
like	O
gzip	B-Application
and	O
bzip	B-Application
,	O
xz	B-Language
and	O
lzma	B-General_Concept
can	O
only	O
compress	O
single	O
files	O
(	O
or	O
data	O
streams	O
)	O
as	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
cannot	O
bundle	O
multiple	O
files	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
archive	B-Application
–	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
an	O
archiving	O
program	O
is	O
used	O
first	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
tar	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compressing	O
an	O
archive	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
Decompressing	O
the	O
archive	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
1.22	O
or	O
greater	O
of	O
the	O
GNU	B-Operating_System
implementation	O
of	O
tar	B-Application
has	O
transparent	O
support	O
for	O
tarballs	B-Application
compressed	O
with	O
lzma	B-General_Concept
and	O
xz	B-Language
,	O
using	O
the	O
switches	O
or	O
for	O
xz	B-Language
compression	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
LZMA	B-General_Concept
compression	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Creating	O
an	O
archive	B-Application
and	O
compressing	O
it	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Decompressing	O
the	O
archive	B-Application
and	O
extracting	O
its	O
contents	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Single-letter	O
tar	B-Application
example	O
for	O
archive	B-Application
with	O
compress	O
and	O
decompress	O
with	O
extract	O
using	O
short	O
suffix	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
xz	B-Language
has	O
supported	O
multi-threaded	O
compression	O
(	O
with	O
the	O
flag	O
)	O
since	O
2014	O
,	O
version	O
5.2.0.	O
;	O
since	O
version	O
5.4.0	O
threaded	O
decompression	O
has	O
been	O
implemented	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
xz	B-Language
format	O
improves	O
on	O
lzma	B-General_Concept
by	O
allowing	O
for	O
preprocessing	O
filters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
exact	O
filters	O
used	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
used	O
in	O
7z	O
,	O
as	O
7z	O
's	O
filters	O
are	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
public	B-Application
domain	I-Application
via	O
the	O
LZMA	B-General_Concept
SDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
of	O
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
took	O
place	O
within	O
the	O
Tukaani	O
Project	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
led	O
by	O
Mike	O
Kezner	O
,	O
by	O
a	O
small	O
group	O
of	O
developers	O
who	O
once	O
maintained	O
a	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
based	O
on	O
Slackware	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
for	O
xz	B-Language
and	O
liblzma	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
into	O
the	O
public	B-Application
domain	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
source	O
distribution	O
additionally	O
includes	O
some	O
optional	O
scripts	O
and	O
an	O
example	O
program	O
that	O
are	O
subject	O
to	O
various	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
GPL	B-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specifically	O
,	O
the	O
full	O
list	O
of	O
GPL	B-License
scripts	O
and	O
sources	O
distributed	O
with	O
the	O
XZ	B-Language
Utils	I-Language
software	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resulting	O
software	O
xz	B-Language
and	O
liblzma	O
binaries	O
are	O
public	B-Application
domain	I-Application
,	O
unless	O
the	O
optional	O
LGPL	B-Application
getopt	B-Library
implementation	O
is	O
incorporated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Binaries	O
are	O
available	O
for	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
NetBSD	B-Device
,	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
,	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
and	O
FreeDOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
,	O
including	O
Fedora	O
,	O
Slackware	B-Application
,	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Debian	O
use	O
xz	B-Language
for	O
compressing	O
their	O
software	O
packages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Arch	O
Linux	B-Application
previously	O
used	O
xz	B-Language
to	O
compress	O
packages	O
,	O
but	O
as	O
of	O
December	O
27	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
packages	O
are	O
compressed	O
with	O
Zstandard	B-Language
compression	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GNU	B-Operating_System
FTP	O
archive	B-Application
also	O
uses	O
xz	B-Language
.	O
</s>
