<s>
An	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
language	O
is	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
designed	O
specifically	O
to	O
transform	O
an	O
input	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
into	O
an	O
output	O
document	O
which	O
satisfies	O
some	O
specific	O
goal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
:	O
the	O
output	O
document	O
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
Data	O
:	O
the	O
output	O
document	O
is	O
a	O
byte	O
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
outputs	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
,	O
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
chains	O
form	O
XML	B-Operating_System
pipelines	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XML	B-Protocol
(	O
EXtensible	B-Protocol
Markup	I-Protocol
Language	I-Protocol
)	O
to	O
Data	O
transformation	O
contains	O
some	O
important	O
cases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
notable	O
one	O
is	O
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
HTML	B-Language
(	O
HyperText	B-Language
Markup	I-Language
Language	I-Language
)	O
,	O
as	O
an	O
HTML	B-Language
document	O
is	O
not	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
XSLT	B-Application
:	O
XSLT	B-Application
is	O
the	O
best	O
known	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XSLT	B-Application
1.0	O
W3C	O
recommendation	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
1999	O
together	O
with	O
XPath	B-Language
1.0	I-Language
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
widely	O
implemented	O
since	O
then	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XSLT	B-Application
2.0	I-Application
has	O
become	O
a	O
W3C	O
recommendation	O
since	O
January	O
2007	O
and	O
implementations	O
of	O
the	O
specification	O
like	O
Saxon	B-Language
8	I-Language
are	O
already	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XQuery	B-Language
:	O
XQuery	B-Language
is	O
a	O
full	O
functional	B-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
despite	O
having	O
"	O
query	O
"	O
in	O
the	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
de	O
facto	O
standard	O
used	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
Oracle	O
,	O
DB2	O
,	O
MarkLogic	O
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
foundation	O
for	O
the	O
XRX	B-Application
web	O
programming	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
W3C	O
recommendation	O
for	O
versions	O
1.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XQuery	B-Language
is	O
not	O
written	O
in	O
XML	B-Protocol
itself	O
like	O
XSLT	B-Application
is	O
,	O
so	O
its	O
syntax	O
is	O
much	O
lighter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
language	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
XPath	B-General_Concept
2.0	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
XQuery	B-Language
programs	O
cannot	O
have	O
side-effects	O
,	O
just	O
like	O
XSLT	B-Application
and	O
provides	O
almost	O
the	O
same	O
capabilities	O
(	O
for	O
instance	O
:	O
declaring	O
variables	O
and	O
functions	O
,	O
iterating	O
over	O
sequences	O
,	O
using	O
W3C	O
schema	O
types	O
)	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
program	O
syntax	O
are	O
quite	O
different	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XQuery	B-Language
is	O
logic	O
driven	O
,	O
using	O
FOR	O
,	O
WHERE	O
and	O
function	O
composition	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
,	O
XSLT	B-Application
is	O
data-driven	O
(	O
push	O
processing	O
model	O
)	O
where	O
certain	O
conditions	O
of	O
the	O
input	O
document	O
trigger	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
templates	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
code	O
executing	O
in	O
the	O
order	O
in	O
which	O
it	O
is	O
written	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XProc	B-Language
:	O
XProc	B-Language
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Operating_System
Pipeline	I-Operating_System
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XProc	B-Language
1.0	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
May	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
transform	O
:	O
Is	O
a	O
Microsoft	O
standard	O
for	O
performing	O
simple	O
transforms	O
on	O
XML	B-Protocol
documents	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
STX	O
:	O
STX	O
(	O
Streaming	O
Transformations	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
)	O
is	O
inspired	O
by	O
XSLT	B-Application
but	O
has	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
a	O
one-pass	O
transformation	O
process	O
that	O
never	O
prevents	O
streaming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Implementations	O
are	O
available	O
in	O
Java	O
(	O
)	O
and	O
Perl	B-Language
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Language
Script	I-Language
:	O
XML	B-Language
Script	I-Language
is	O
an	O
imperative	O
scripting	O
language	O
inspired	O
by	O
Perl	B-Language
that	O
uses	O
the	O
XML	B-Protocol
syntax	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Language
Script	I-Language
supports	O
XPath	B-Language
and	O
its	O
proprietary	O
DSLPath	O
for	O
selecting	O
nodes	O
from	O
the	O
input	O
tree	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FXT	O
:	O
FXT	O
is	O
a	O
functional	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
tool	O
,	O
implemented	O
in	O
Standard	B-Language
ML	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
XDuce	B-Language
:	O
XDuce	B-Language
is	O
a	O
typed	O
language	O
with	O
a	O
lightweight	O
syntax	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
XSLT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
ML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
CDuce	B-Language
:	O
CDuce	B-Language
extends	O
XDuce	B-Language
to	O
a	O
general-purpose	O
functional	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
see	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XACT	O
:	O
XACT	O
is	O
a	O
Java-based	O
system	O
for	O
programming	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notable	O
features	O
include	O
XML	B-Protocol
templates	O
as	O
immutable	O
values	O
and	O
a	O
static	O
analysis	O
to	O
ensure	O
type	O
safety	O
using	O
XML	B-Protocol
Schema	O
types	O
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XFun	O
:	O
XFun	O
is	O
a	O
functional	B-Language
language	I-Language
X-Fun	O
for	O
defining	O
transformations	O
between	O
XML	B-Protocol
data	O
trees	O
,	O
while	O
providing	O
shredding	O
instructions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X-Fun	O
can	O
be	O
understood	O
as	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
Frisch	O
's	O
XStream	B-Language
language	O
with	O
output	O
shredding	O
,	O
while	O
pattern	O
matching	O
is	O
replaced	O
by	O
tree	O
navigation	O
with	O
XPath	B-Language
expressions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XStream	B-Language
:	O
XStream	B-Language
is	O
a	O
simple	O
functional	O
transformation	O
language	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
documents	I-Protocol
based	O
on	O
CAML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Protocol
transformations	O
written	O
in	O
XStream	B-Language
are	O
evaluated	O
in	O
streaming	O
:	O
when	O
possible	O
,	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
output	O
are	O
computed	O
and	O
produced	O
while	O
the	O
input	O
document	O
is	O
still	O
being	O
parsed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
transformations	O
can	O
thus	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
huge	O
XML	B-Protocol
documents	I-Protocol
which	O
would	O
not	O
even	O
fit	O
in	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XStream	B-Language
compiler	O
is	O
distributed	O
under	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
CeCILL	B-License
free	B-License
software	I-License
license	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
Xtatic	O
:	O
Xtatic	O
applies	O
methods	O
from	O
XDuce	B-Language
to	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
see	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HaXml	B-Language
:	O
HaXml	B-Language
is	O
a	O
library	O
and	O
collection	O
of	O
tools	O
to	O
write	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformations	O
in	O
Haskell	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
See	O
also	O
the	O
more	O
recent	O
and	O
Haskell	B-Language
XML	B-Protocol
Toolbox	O
(	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ideas	O
of	O
HaXml	B-Language
and	O
HXML	O
but	O
takes	O
a	O
more	O
general	O
approach	O
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FleXML	B-Language
:	O
FleXML	B-Language
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
processing	O
language	O
first	O
implemented	O
by	O
Kristofer	O
Rose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
approach	O
is	O
to	O
add	O
actions	O
to	O
an	O
XML	B-Language
DTD	I-Language
specifying	O
processing	O
instructions	O
for	O
any	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
DTD	B-Language
's	O
rules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scala	B-Application
:	O
Scala	B-Application
is	O
a	O
general-purpose	O
functional	O
and	O
object-oriented	O
language	O
with	O
specific	O
support	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
transformation	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
pattern	O
matching	O
,	O
literals	O
,	O
and	O
expressions	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
standard	O
XML	B-Protocol
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LINQ	O
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
:	O
LINQ	O
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
.NET	O
3.5	O
syntax	O
and	O
programming	O
API	O
available	O
in	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
VB	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
.NET	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LINQ	O
is	O
primarily	O
designed	O
as	O
a	O
query	O
language	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
also	O
supports	O
XML	B-Protocol
transforms	O
.	O
</s>
