<s>
X3D	B-Application
(	O
Extensible	B-Application
3D	I-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
royalty-free	O
ISO/IEC	O
standards	O
for	O
declaratively	O
representing	O
3D	O
computer	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
includes	O
multiple	O
graphics	O
file	O
formats	O
,	O
programming-language	O
API	B-Application
definitions	O
,	O
and	O
run-time	O
specifications	O
for	O
both	O
delivery	O
and	O
integration	O
of	O
interactive	O
network-capable	O
3D	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
version	O
4.0	O
has	O
been	O
approved	O
by	O
Web3D	B-General_Concept
Consortium	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
under	O
final	O
review	O
by	O
ISO/IEC	O
as	O
a	O
revised	O
International	O
Standard	O
(	O
IS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
is	O
specifically	O
designed	O
to	O
work	O
across	O
diverse	O
devices	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
Web	O
Architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
provides	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
3D	O
functionality	O
through	O
Profiles	O
,	O
from	O
basic	O
asset	O
Interchange	O
and	O
CADInterchange	O
to	O
Interactive	O
,	O
MPEG-4	O
Interactive	O
,	O
Medical	O
,	O
Immersive	O
,	O
and	O
Full	O
Profiles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
‘	O
X’	O
in	O
X3D	B-Application
means	O
Extensible	O
:	O
custom	O
vendor	O
and	O
research	O
component	O
extensions	O
can	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
standard	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
file	O
format	O
support	O
includes	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
ClassicVRML	O
,	O
Compressed	O
Binary	O
Encoding	O
(	O
CBE	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
draft	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
encoding	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
became	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
Virtual	B-Application
Reality	I-Application
Modeling	I-Application
Language	I-Application
(	O
VRML	B-Application
)	O
in	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
provides	O
multiple	O
extensions	O
to	O
VRML	B-Application
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
CAD	B-Application
,	O
geospatial	B-General_Concept
,	O
humanoid	O
animation	O
,	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
encode	O
the	O
scene	O
using	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
syntax	B-Application
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Open	O
Inventor-like	O
syntax	B-Application
of	O
VRML97	B-Application
,	O
or	O
binary	O
compression	O
,	O
with	O
strongly	O
typed	O
APIs	B-Application
including	O
ECMAScript	B-Language
,	O
Java	O
,	O
Python	O
and	O
other	O
programming	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
rendering	O
includes	O
both	O
classic	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Blinn-Phong	O
)	O
and	O
modern	O
physically	O
based	O
rendering	O
(	O
PBR	O
)	O
methods	O
matching	O
glTF	B-Language
2.0	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fully	O
spatialized	O
aural	O
rendering	O
applies	O
W3C	O
Web	O
Audio	O
API	B-Application
capabilities	O
,	O
plus	O
audio	O
inputs	O
digitized	O
using	O
MIDI	O
2.0	O
or	O
other	O
sound	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
X3D	B-Application
file	O
encodings	O
and	O
programming-language	O
APIs	B-Application
have	O
equivalent	O
expressive	O
power	O
,	O
matching	O
functional	O
definitions	O
in	O
the	O
X3D	B-Application
Architecture	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
X3D	B-Application
can	O
work	O
with	O
open	O
standards	O
including	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
Document	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Model	I-General_Concept
(	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
XPath	B-Language
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3D	B-Application
defines	O
several	O
profiles	O
(	O
sets	O
of	O
components	O
)	O
for	O
various	O
levels	O
of	O
capability	O
including	O
X3D	B-Application
Core	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
Interchange	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
Interactive	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
CADInterchange	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
Immersive	O
,	O
and	O
X3D	B-Application
Full	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Browser	O
makers	O
can	O
define	O
their	O
own	O
component	O
extensions	O
prior	O
to	O
submitting	O
them	O
for	O
standardisation	O
by	O
the	O
Web3D	B-General_Concept
Consortium	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Liaison	O
and	O
cooperation	O
agreements	O
are	O
also	O
in	O
place	O
between	O
the	O
Web3D	B-General_Concept
Consortium	O
and	O
the	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
Consortium	O
(	O
W3C	O
)	O
,	O
Open	O
Geospatial	B-General_Concept
Consortium	O
(	O
OGC	O
)	O
,	O
Digital	B-Algorithm
Imaging	I-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
Communications	I-Algorithm
in	I-Algorithm
Medicine	I-Algorithm
(	O
DICOM	B-Algorithm
)	O
and	O
the	B-Library
Khronos	I-Library
Group	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
subset	O
of	O
X3D	B-Application
is	O
XMT-A	O
,	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
XMT	O
,	O
defined	O
in	O
MPEG-4	O
Part	O
11	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
link	O
between	O
X3D	B-Application
and	O
3D	O
content	O
in	O
MPEG-4	O
(	O
BIFS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
abstract	O
specification	O
for	O
X3D	B-Application
(	O
ISO/IEC	O
19775	O
)	O
was	O
first	O
approved	O
by	O
the	O
ISO	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
ClassicVRML	O
encodings	O
for	O
X3D	B-Application
(	O
ISO/IEC	O
19776	O
)	O
were	O
first	O
approved	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
several	O
applications	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
open-source	O
software	O
,	O
which	O
natively	O
parse	O
and	O
interpret	O
X3D	B-Application
files	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
3D	O
graphics	O
and	O
animation	O
editor	O
Blender	B-Application
and	O
the	O
Sun	O
Microsystems	O
virtual	O
world	O
client	O
Project	B-Application
Wonderland	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
X3D	B-Application
applet	O
is	O
a	O
software	O
program	O
that	O
runs	O
within	O
a	O
web	O
browser	O
and	O
displays	O
content	O
in	O
3D	O
,	O
using	O
OpenGL	O
3D	O
graphics	O
technology	O
to	O
display	O
X3D	B-Application
content	O
in	O
several	O
different	O
browsers	O
(	O
IE	O
,	O
Safari	O
,	O
Firefox	O
)	O
across	O
several	O
different	O
operating	O
systems	O
(	O
Windows	O
,	O
Mac	O
OS	O
X	O
,	O
Linux	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
has	O
not	O
received	O
as	O
wide	O
acceptance	O
as	O
that	O
of	O
other	O
,	O
more	O
notable	O
software	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
2000s	O
,	O
many	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
Bitmanagement	O
improved	O
the	O
quality	O
level	O
of	O
virtual	O
effects	O
in	O
X3D	B-Application
to	O
the	O
quality	O
level	O
of	O
DirectX	B-Application
9.0c	I-Application
,	O
but	O
at	O
the	O
expense	O
of	O
using	O
proprietary	O
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
include	O
multi-pass	O
render	O
with	O
low	O
level	O
setting	O
for	O
Z-buffer	O
,	O
BlendOp	O
,	O
AlphaOp	O
,	O
Stencil	O
,	O
Multi-texture	O
,	O
Shader	O
with	O
HLSL	O
and	O
GLSL	B-Language
support	O
,	O
real-time	O
Render	O
To	O
Texture	O
,	O
Multi	O
Render	O
Target	O
(	O
MRT	O
)	O
and	O
post-processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
demos	O
shows	O
that	O
X3D	B-Application
already	O
supports	O
lightmap	B-Data_Structure
,	O
normal	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
,	O
SSAO	O
,	O
CSM	O
and	O
real-time	O
environment	O
reflection	O
along	O
with	O
other	O
virtual	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Striving	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
3D	O
standard	O
for	O
the	O
Web	O
,	O
X3D	B-Application
is	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
integrated	O
into	O
HTML5	B-Application
pages	O
as	O
other	O
XML	B-Protocol
standards	O
such	O
as	O
MathML	B-Language
and	O
SVG	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
X3DOM	O
is	O
a	O
proposed	O
syntax	B-Application
model	O
and	O
its	O
implementation	O
as	O
a	O
script	O
library	O
that	O
demonstrates	O
how	O
this	O
integration	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
without	O
a	O
browser	O
plugin	B-Application
,	O
using	O
only	O
WebGL	B-Library
and	O
JavaScript	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
VRML	B-Application
representation	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
,	O
except	O
that	O
the	O
version	O
numbers	O
are	O
changed	O
to	O
reflect	O
the	O
latest	O
X3D	B-Application
standard	O
(	O
#X3D	O
V4.0	O
utf8	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
and	O
binary	O
formats	O
,	O
see	O
Web3D	B-General_Concept
for	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3MF	O
:	O
An	O
XML-based	O
format	O
that	O
includes	O
3D	O
additive	O
manufacturing	O
data	O
such	O
as	O
material	O
properties	O
.	O
</s>
