<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
X	B-Operating_System
Window	I-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
,	O
X11	B-Device
color	I-Device
names	I-Device
are	O
represented	O
in	O
a	O
simple	O
text	O
file	O
,	O
which	O
maps	O
certain	O
strings	O
to	O
RGB	O
color	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
traditionally	O
shipped	O
with	O
every	O
X11	B-Operating_System
installation	O
,	O
hence	O
the	O
name	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
usually	O
located	O
in	O
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1/lib/X11/rgb.txt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Color	O
names	O
are	O
not	O
standardized	O
by	O
Xlib	O
or	O
the	O
X11	B-Operating_System
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
earlier	O
releases	O
of	O
X11	B-Operating_System
(	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
Xcms	O
)	O
,	O
server	O
implementors	O
were	O
encouraged	O
to	O
modify	O
the	O
RGB	O
values	O
in	O
the	O
reference	O
color	O
database	O
to	O
account	O
for	O
gamma	O
correction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
X.Org	O
Release	O
7.4	O
rgb.txt	B-Device
is	O
no	O
longer	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
roll	O
up	O
release	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
list	O
is	O
built	O
directly	O
into	O
the	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
optional	O
module	O
xorg/app/rgb	O
contains	O
the	O
stand-alone	O
rgb.txt	B-Device
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
list	O
first	O
shipped	O
with	O
X10	O
release	O
3	O
(	O
X10R3	O
)	O
on	O
7	O
June	O
1986	O
,	O
having	O
been	O
checked	O
into	O
RCS	B-Architecture
by	O
Jim	O
Gettys	O
in	O
1985	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Approximately	O
the	O
full	O
list	O
as	O
is	O
available	O
today	O
shipped	O
with	O
X11R4	B-Operating_System
on	O
29	O
January	O
1989	O
,	O
with	O
substantial	O
additions	O
by	O
Paul	O
Ravelling	O
(	O
who	O
added	O
colors	O
based	O
on	O
Sinclair	O
Paints	O
samples	O
)	O
,	O
John	O
C	O
.	O
Thomas	O
(	O
who	O
added	O
colors	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
72	O
Crayola	O
crayons	O
he	O
had	O
on	O
hand	O
)	O
and	O
Jim	O
Fulton	O
(	O
who	O
reconciled	O
contributions	O
to	O
produce	O
the	O
X11R4	B-Operating_System
list	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
was	O
running	O
DEC	O
VT240	B-Device
terminals	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
so	O
would	O
have	O
worked	O
to	O
that	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
usually	O
matched	O
insensitive	O
of	O
case	O
and	O
the	O
X	B-Operating_System
Server	O
source	O
code	O
contains	O
spaced	O
aliases	O
for	O
most	O
entries	O
;	O
this	O
article	O
uses	O
spaces	O
and	O
uppercase	O
initials	O
except	O
where	O
variants	O
with	O
spaces	O
are	O
not	O
specified	O
in	O
the	O
actual	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
versions	O
of	O
Mosaic	B-Application
and	O
Netscape	B-Protocol
Navigator	I-Protocol
used	O
the	O
X11	B-Device
colors	I-Device
as	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
the	O
web	O
colors	O
list	O
,	O
as	O
both	O
were	O
originally	O
X	B-Operating_System
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
specifications	O
SVG	B-Application
and	O
CSS	B-Language
level	I-Language
3	I-Language
module	I-Language
Color	I-Language
eventually	O
adopted	O
the	O
X11	B-Operating_System
list	O
with	O
some	O
changes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
present	O
W3C	O
list	O
is	O
a	O
superset	O
of	O
the	O
16	O
"	O
VGA	B-Protocol
colors	O
"	O
defined	O
in	O
HTML	O
3.2	O
and	O
CSS	B-Language
level	O
1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
notable	O
difference	O
between	O
X11	B-Operating_System
and	O
W3C	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
and	O
its	O
variants	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
in	O
X11	B-Operating_System
,	O
"	O
gray	O
"	O
was	O
assigned	O
to	O
the	O
190	O
triplet	O
(	O
74.5	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
close	O
to	O
W3C	O
"	O
Silver	O
"	O
at	O
192	O
(	O
75.3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
"	O
Light	O
Gray	O
"	O
at	O
211	O
(	O
83%	O
)	O
and	O
"	O
Dark	O
Gray	O
"	O
at	O
169	O
(	O
66%	O
)	O
counterparts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
combined	O
CSS	B-Language
3.0	O
color	O
list	O
that	O
prevails	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
today	O
produces	O
"	O
Dark	O
Gray	O
"	O
as	O
a	O
significantly	O
lighter	O
tone	O
than	O
plain	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
,	O
because	O
"	O
Dark	O
Gray	O
"	O
was	O
descended	O
from	O
X11	B-Operating_System
–	O
for	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
exist	O
in	O
HTML	O
nor	O
CSS	B-Language
level	O
1	O
–	O
while	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
was	O
descended	O
from	O
HTML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Even	O
in	O
the	O
current	O
draft	O
for	O
CSS	B-Language
4.0	O
,	O
dark	O
gray	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
lighter	O
shade	O
than	O
gray	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
browsers	O
such	O
as	O
Netscape	B-Protocol
Navigator	I-Protocol
insisted	O
on	O
an	O
"	O
a	O
"	O
in	O
any	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
except	O
for	O
"	O
Light	O
Grey	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Recent	O
X	B-Operating_System
releases	O
(	O
since	O
2014	O
,	O
xorg-rgb	O
version	O
1.0.6	O
)	O
also	O
support	O
the	O
W3C	O
definitions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
X11	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
original	O
definitions	O
have	O
been	O
preserved	O
(	O
so	O
"	O
Dark	O
Gray	O
"	O
remains	O
a	O
darker	O
shade	O
of	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
for	O
every	O
conflicting	O
name	O
pair	O
,	O
"	O
Web	O
"	O
and	O
additional	O
"	O
X11	B-Operating_System
"	O
prefixes	O
have	O
been	O
added	O
to	O
ease	O
disambiguation	O
after	O
the	O
merger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
X11	B-Operating_System
"	O
prefix	O
is	O
an	O
alias	O
for	O
the	O
non-prefixed	O
version	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
X11	B-Operating_System
Gray	O
"	O
=	O
"	O
Gray	O
"	O
≠	O
"	O
Web	O
Gray	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
also	O
defined	O
a	O
color	O
that	O
is	O
equal	O
to	O
X11	B-Operating_System
's	O
"	O
Green	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
Lime	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
X11	B-Operating_System
,	O
this	O
is	O
simply	O
called	O
"	O
Lime	O
"	O
,	O
as	O
no	O
such	O
name	O
existed	O
before	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Lime	O
"	O
=	O
"	O
Green	O
"	O
=	O
"	O
X11	B-Operating_System
Green	O
"	O
≠	O
"	O
Web	O
Green	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
chart	O
presents	O
the	O
standardized	O
X11	B-Device
color	I-Device
names	I-Device
from	O
the	O
X.org	O
source	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Actual	O
rgb.txt	B-Device
files	O
and	O
other	O
color	O
databases	O
or	O
palettes	O
may	O
differ	O
since	O
they	O
are	O
freely	O
editable	O
by	O
vendors	O
and	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
*	O
Prior	O
to	O
standardization	O
as	O
a	O
web	O
color	O
,	O
Gainsboro	O
was	O
included	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
X11	B-Device
color	I-Device
names	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
complete	O
rgb.txt	B-Device
defines	O
101	O
shades	O
from	O
'	O
Gray0	O
 '	O
(	O
black	O
)	O
up	O
to	O
'	O
Gray100	O
 '	O
(	O
white	O
)	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
'	O
Gray	O
 '	O
and	O
its	O
variants	O
listed	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
'	O
Gray96	O
 '	O
,	O
which	O
happens	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
'	O
White	B-Device
Smoke	I-Device
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
shades	O
are	O
not	O
included	O
in	O
W3C	O
specifications	O
,	O
although	O
drafts	O
for	O
level	O
4	O
of	O
the	O
CSS	B-Language
Color	O
module	O
include	O
a	O
similar	O
function	O
gray( )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
78	O
colors	O
(	O
not	O
counting	O
grays	O
)	O
,	O
rgb.txt	B-Device
offers	O
four	O
variants	O
"	O
color1	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
color2	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
color3	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
color4	O
"	O
,	O
with	O
"	O
color1	O
"	O
sometimes	O
corresponding	O
to	O
"	O
color	O
"	O
,	O
so	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Light	B-Device
Goldenrod	I-Device
Yellow	I-Device
"	O
and	O
"	O
Dark	B-Device
Olive	I-Device
Green	I-Device
"	O
are	O
special	O
,	O
because	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
corresponding	O
color	O
entries	O
without	O
Dark	O
and	O
Light	O
prefixes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tones	O
are	O
far	O
less	O
common	O
in	O
the	O
X11	B-Operating_System
set	O
than	O
nuances	O
,	O
tints	O
and	O
shades	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wherever	O
possible	O
,	O
the	O
values	O
are	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
W3C	O
adaptation	O
of	O
the	O
X11	B-Operating_System
list	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
Turquoise	O
which	O
is	O
instead	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
