<s>
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
(	O
German	O
:	O
Arbeit	O
4.0	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
conceptual	O
umbrella	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
work	O
is	O
discussed	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
,	O
to	O
some	O
extent	O
,	O
within	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Munich	O
:	O
Economix	O
Research	O
&	O
Consulting.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1	O
and	O
beyond	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
developments	O
associated	O
with	O
Industry	B-General_Concept
4.0	I-General_Concept
,	O
including	O
widespread	O
digitalization.Federal	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Labour	O
and	O
Social	O
Affairs	O
of	O
Germany	O
(	O
2017	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Re-Imagining	O
Work	O
:	O
White	O
Paper	O
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
,	O
p	O
.	O
5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
:	O
An	O
Enormous	O
Potential	O
for	O
Economic	O
Growth	O
in	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conceptually	O
,	O
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
reflects	O
the	O
current	O
fourth	O
phase	O
of	O
work	O
relations	O
,	O
having	O
been	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
birth	O
of	O
industrial	O
society	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
workers	O
 '	O
organizations	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
18th	O
century	O
(	O
Work	O
1.0	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
mass	O
production	O
and	O
of	O
the	O
welfare	O
state	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
19th	O
century	O
(	O
Work	O
2.0	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
advent	O
of	O
globalization	O
,	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
the	O
social	O
market	O
economy	O
since	O
the	O
1970s	O
(	O
Work	O
3.0	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
contrast	O
,	O
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
high	O
degree	O
of	O
integration	O
and	O
cooperation	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
digital	O
technologies	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
drivers	O
include	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
,	O
globalization	O
,	O
demographic	O
change	O
(	O
ageing	O
,	O
migration	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
cultural	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
iii	O
)	O
the	O
issues	O
associated	O
with	O
Big	B-Application
Data	I-Application
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Fourth	I-General_Concept
Industrial	I-General_Concept
Revolution	I-General_Concept
,	O
4IR	B-General_Concept
or	O
Industry	B-General_Concept
4.0	I-General_Concept
marks	O
a	O
rapid	O
change	O
to	O
how	O
technology	O
influences	O
industry	O
,	O
society	O
,	O
processes	O
and	O
operations	O
in	O
the	O
21st	O
century	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
has	O
become	O
increasingly	O
common	O
in	O
literature	O
,	O
media	O
and	O
scientific	O
documentation	O
and	O
has	O
continued	O
to	O
evolve	O
since	O
its	O
inception	O
in	B-General_Concept
2015	I-General_Concept
.	I-General_Concept
</s>
<s>
Under	O
the	O
Industry	B-General_Concept
4.0	I-General_Concept
umbrella	O
is	O
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
,	O
a	O
term	O
coined	O
by	O
Germany	O
and	O
used	O
within	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
to	O
describe	O
significant	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
of	O
work	O
until	O
2030	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
Industry	B-General_Concept
4.0	I-General_Concept
and	O
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
are	O
powered	O
by	O
transformation	O
and	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
evolution	O
of	O
technology	O
and	O
its	O
inherent	O
connectivity	O
and	O
capability	O
have	O
given	O
rise	O
to	O
other	O
applications	O
and	O
approaches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Safety	O
4.0	O
offers	O
a	O
new	O
level	O
of	O
Industry	B-General_Concept
4.0	I-General_Concept
by	O
ensuring	O
that	O
people	O
sit	O
at	O
the	O
center	O
of	O
engagements	O
across	O
plants	O
,	O
machinery	O
and	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Work	B-Device
4.0	I-Device
has	O
also	O
emerged	O
as	O
a	O
core	O
topic	O
of	O
discussion	O
for	O
the	O
WEF	O
during	O
its	O
annual	O
meetings	O
in	O
Davos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Referring	O
to	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
as	O
the	B-General_Concept
Fourth	I-General_Concept
Industrial	I-General_Concept
Revolution	I-General_Concept
,	O
it	O
integrates	O
concepts	O
from	O
Synthetic	O
biology	O
,	O
Artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Additive	O
Manufacturing	O
.	O
</s>
