<s>
Windows	B-Library
Rally	I-Library
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
technologies	O
from	O
Microsoft	O
intended	O
to	O
simplify	O
the	O
setup	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
wired	O
and	O
wireless	O
network-connected	O
devices	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
aim	O
to	O
increase	O
reliability	O
and	O
security	O
of	O
connectivity	O
for	O
users	O
who	O
connect	O
the	O
devices	B-Device
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
or	O
to	O
computers	O
running	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
technologies	O
provide	O
control	O
of	O
network	B-Architecture
quality	O
of	O
service	O
(	O
QoS	O
)	O
and	O
diagnostics	O
for	O
data	O
sharing	O
,	O
communications	O
,	O
and	O
entertainment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Library
Rally	I-Library
technologies	O
provide	O
provisioning	O
for	O
the	O
following	O
devices	B-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Library
Rally	I-Library
includes	O
the	O
following	O
set	O
of	O
technologies	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Link	O
Layer	O
Topology	B-Architecture
Discovery	O
(	O
LLTD	O
)	O
protocol	O
enables	O
applications	O
to	O
discover	B-Protocol
devices	B-Device
and	O
determine	O
network	B-Architecture
topology	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
it	O
enables	O
a	O
graphical	O
view	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
devices	B-Device
in	O
the	O
network	B-Architecture
on	O
the	O
Network	B-Architecture
Map	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
computers	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
the	O
Network	B-Architecture
Map	O
,	O
the	O
must	O
be	O
downloaded	O
and	O
installed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Devices	B-Device
that	O
provide	O
audio	O
or	O
video	O
playback	O
or	O
that	O
are	O
bandwidth	O
sensitive	O
can	O
implement	O
the	O
QoS	O
Extension	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
protocol	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
receive	O
prioritized	O
streams	O
and	O
that	O
changes	O
in	O
available	O
bandwidth	O
have	O
less	O
impact	O
on	O
the	O
playback	O
experience	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
includes	O
qWAVE	O
,	O
a	O
pre-configured	O
quality	O
of	O
service	O
API	O
for	O
time-dependent	O
multimedia	O
data	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
audio	O
or	O
video	O
streams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
qWAVE	O
uses	O
different	O
packet	B-Protocol
priority	O
schemes	O
for	O
real-time	O
flows	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
multimedia	O
packets	B-Protocol
)	O
and	O
best-effort	O
flows	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
file	O
downloads	O
or	O
e-mails	O
)	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
real-time	O
data	O
gets	O
delayed	O
as	O
little	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
while	O
providing	O
a	O
high-quality	O
channel	O
for	O
other	O
data	B-Protocol
packets	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
qWAVE-enabled	O
applications	O
together	O
with	O
devices	B-Device
that	O
implement	O
the	O
LLTD	O
QoS	O
Extensions	O
aim	O
to	O
improve	O
an	O
end	O
user	O
's	O
experience	O
of	O
streaming	O
video	O
by	O
prioritizing	O
traffic	O
and	O
reducing	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
network-related	O
transient	O
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	O
Connect	O
Now	O
(	O
WCN	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
Windows	B-Library
Rally	I-Library
technologies	O
aimed	O
for	O
simpler	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
device	O
configuration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Windows	O
Connect	O
Now	O
,	O
users	O
running	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
or	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
SP2	O
can	O
create	O
network	B-Architecture
configuration	O
settings	O
and	O
transmit	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
access	B-Device
point	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
WCN-NET	O
is	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Wi-Fi	B-Protocol
Simple	I-Protocol
Config	I-Protocol
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
provides	O
for	O
configuration	O
of	O
devices	B-Device
using	O
out-of-band	O
Ethernet	O
and	O
in-band	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
WCN-NET	O
can	O
discover	B-Protocol
an	O
unconfigured	O
router	B-Protocol
,	O
access	B-Device
point	I-Device
,	O
base	O
station	O
or	O
a	O
device	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
Media	O
Center	O
Extender	B-Application
by	O
using	O
UPnP	B-Application
,	O
authenticate	O
with	O
the	O
device	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
personal	O
identification	O
number	O
(	O
PIN	O
)	O
,	O
provide	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
settings	O
that	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
user	O
selection	O
and	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
over	O
a	O
wired	O
Ethernet	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
and	O
earlier	O
Windows	O
versions	O
do	O
not	O
support	O
WCN-NET	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WCN-UFD	O
uses	O
an	O
API	O
and	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
format	O
that	O
works	O
with	O
a	O
wizard	O
to	O
write	O
configuration	O
files	O
to	O
a	O
USB	B-Protocol
Flash	O
Drive	O
for	O
more	O
secure	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
Service	O
Pack	O
2	O
and	O
later	O
Windows	B-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
supports	O
WCN-UFD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WCN-MTP	O
includes	O
a	O
Media	B-Protocol
Transfer	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
MTP	O
)	O
extension	O
that	O
enables	O
an	O
MTP	O
initiator	O
to	O
provide	O
an	O
MTP	O
responder	O
with	O
configuration	O
parameters	O
for	O
joining	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
and	O
supports	O
more	O
secure	O
configuration	O
of	O
MTP-capable	O
devices	B-Device
on	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
a	O
temporary	O
USB	B-Protocol
cable	O
connection	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
MTP-class	O
devices	B-Device
such	O
as	O
portable	O
media	O
,	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Devices	B-Device
Profile	O
for	O
Web	O
Services	O
(	O
DPWS	O
)	O
standard	O
defines	O
a	O
minimal	O
set	O
of	O
implementation	O
constraints	O
to	O
enable	O
secure	O
web	O
service	O
messaging	O
,	O
discovery	O
,	O
description	O
,	O
and	O
eventing	O
on	O
resource-constrained	O
devices	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
DPWS	O
is	O
similar	O
Universal	B-Application
Plug	I-Application
and	I-Application
Play	I-Application
(	O
UPnP	B-Application
)	O
but	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
fully	O
aligned	O
with	O
Web	O
Services	O
technology	O
,	O
supports	O
standards	O
for	O
device	O
connectivity	O
such	O
as	O
WS-Discovery	O
and	O
WS-Eventing	O
and	O
includes	O
numerous	O
extension	O
points	O
allowing	O
for	O
integration	O
of	O
device-provided	O
services	O
in	O
enterprise-wide	O
application	O
scenarios	O
and	O
roaming	O
devices	B-Device
that	O
work	O
across	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
Web	O
Services	O
for	O
Devices	B-Device
(	O
WSDAPI	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
unmanaged	O
code	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Devices	B-Device
Profile	O
for	O
Web	O
Services	O
(	O
DPWS	O
)	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	B-Application
Communication	I-Application
Foundation	I-Application
(	O
WCF	O
)	O
executes	O
managed	O
code	O
and	O
offers	O
enterprise-level	O
services	O
for	O
Web	O
Services	O
solutions	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
support	O
Simple	B-Protocol
Service	I-Protocol
Discovery	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
SSDP	O
)	O
and	O
WS-Discovery	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
extensible	O
discovery	O
to	O
support	O
other	O
protocols	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
includes	O
the	O
Function	O
Discovery	O
API	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Function	O
Discovery	O
serves	O
as	O
an	O
abstraction	O
layer	O
between	O
applications	O
and	O
devices	B-Device
,	O
allowing	O
applications	O
to	O
discover	B-Protocol
devices	B-Device
by	O
referencing	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
function	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
by	O
its	O
bus	O
type	O
or	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
its	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Function	O
Discovery	O
API	O
aims	O
to	O
create	O
applications	O
that	O
enumerate	O
system	O
resources	O
,	O
use	O
devices	B-Device
of	O
a	O
specific	O
type	O
and	O
discover	B-Protocol
and	O
manage	O
lists	O
of	O
devices	B-Device
or	O
objects	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
sorted	O
by	O
functionality	O
or	O
class	O
,	O
whether	O
local	O
or	O
network	B-Architecture
connected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PnP-X	O
uses	O
SSDP	O
and	O
WS-Discovery	O
network	B-Architecture
communication	O
protocols	O
to	O
make	O
network-connected	O
devices	B-Device
as	O
discoverable	O
as	O
those	O
that	O
are	O
connected	O
directly	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
over	O
a	O
bus	O
such	O
as	O
Universal	B-Protocol
Serial	I-Protocol
Bus	I-Protocol
(	O
USB	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
manufacturer	O
implements	O
PnP-X	O
capabilities	O
to	O
supplement	O
either	O
UPnP	B-Application
or	O
Web	O
Services	O
for	O
Devices	B-Device
(	O
WSD	O
)	O
enabled	O
devices	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
for	O
end	O
users	O
,	O
the	O
device	O
is	O
relatively	O
as	O
easy	O
to	O
install	O
as	O
traditional	O
Plug	B-Device
and	I-Device
Play	I-Device
devices	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
association	O
database	O
service	O
using	O
this	O
protocol	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
under	O
the	O
name	O
Device	O
Association	O
Framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Universal	B-Application
Plug	I-Application
and	I-Application
Play	I-Application
(	O
UPnP	B-Application
)	O
is	O
an	O
IP-based	O
protocol	O
suite	O
based	O
on	O
preliminary	O
versions	O
of	O
Web	O
Services	O
protocols	O
such	O
as	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
Simple	B-Protocol
Object	I-Protocol
Access	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
SOAP	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
UPnP	B-Application
,	O
a	O
device	O
can	O
dynamically	O
join	O
a	O
network	B-Architecture
,	O
obtain	O
an	O
IP	B-Protocol
address	O
,	O
convey	O
its	O
capability	O
,	O
and	O
discover	B-Protocol
the	O
presence	O
and	O
capabilities	O
of	O
other	O
devices	B-Device
on	O
the	O
network	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	O
about	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
services	O
that	O
a	O
particular	O
device	O
type	O
can	O
provide	O
is	O
captured	O
in	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
device	O
description	O
document	O
that	O
the	O
device	O
hosts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UPnP	B-Application
has	O
been	O
adopted	O
widely	O
for	O
devices	B-Device
that	O
interact	O
in	O
home	O
network	B-Architecture
audio-video	O
scenarios	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UPnP	B-Application
is	O
supported	O
by	O
Windows	B-Device
Me	I-Device
,	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
UPnP	B-Application
is	O
integrated	O
with	O
PnP-X	O
and	O
Function	O
Discovery	O
.	O
</s>
