<s>
Windows	B-Device
Presentation	I-Device
Foundation	I-Device
(	O
WPF	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
graphical	O
subsystem	O
(	O
similar	O
to	O
WinForms	B-Application
)	O
originally	O
developed	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
for	O
rendering	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
in	O
Windows-based	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
,	O
previously	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Avalon	B-Device
"	O
,	O
was	O
initially	O
released	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.0	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
uses	O
DirectX	B-Application
and	O
attempts	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
consistent	O
programming	O
model	O
for	O
building	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
separates	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
from	O
business	B-Architecture
logic	I-Architecture
,	O
and	O
resembles	O
similar	O
XML-oriented	O
object	B-Application
models	I-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
implemented	O
in	O
XUL	B-Application
and	O
SVG	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
employs	O
XAML	B-Device
,	O
an	O
XML-based	O
language	O
,	O
to	O
define	O
and	O
link	O
various	O
interface	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
aims	O
to	O
unify	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
common	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
elements	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
2D/3D	O
rendering	O
,	O
fixed	O
and	O
adaptive	O
documents	O
,	O
typography	B-Application
,	O
vector	O
graphics	O
,	O
runtime	O
animation	O
,	O
and	O
pre-rendered	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
elements	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
linked	O
and	O
manipulated	O
based	O
on	O
various	O
events	O
,	O
user	O
interactions	O
,	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
bindings	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
runtime	B-Library
libraries	I-Library
are	O
included	O
with	O
all	O
versions	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
since	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
Server	I-Device
2008	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
of	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
SP2/SP3	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Server	I-Application
2003	I-Application
can	O
optionally	O
install	O
the	O
necessary	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Silverlight	I-Application
provided	O
functionality	O
that	O
is	O
mostly	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
WPF	O
to	O
provide	O
embedded	O
web	O
controls	O
comparable	O
to	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
3D	O
runtime	O
rendering	O
had	O
been	O
supported	O
in	O
Silverlight	B-Application
since	O
Silverlight	B-Application
5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
released	O
under	O
the	B-License
MIT	I-License
License	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Device
Presentation	I-Device
Foundation	I-Device
has	O
become	O
available	O
for	O
projects	O
targeting	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
software	B-Architecture
framework	I-Architecture
,	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
system	O
is	O
not	O
cross-platform	O
and	O
is	O
still	O
available	O
only	O
on	O
Windows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graphics	O
,	O
including	O
desktop	O
items	O
like	O
windows	O
,	O
are	O
rendered	O
using	O
Direct3D	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
the	O
display	O
of	O
more	O
complex	O
graphics	O
and	O
custom	O
themes	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
GDI	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
wider	O
range	O
of	O
support	O
and	O
uniform	O
control	O
theming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
Windows	O
to	O
offload	O
some	O
graphics	O
tasks	O
to	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
reduces	O
the	O
workload	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
's	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
GPUs	B-Architecture
are	O
optimized	O
for	O
parallel	O
pixel	O
computations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
tends	O
to	O
speed	O
up	O
screen	O
refreshes	O
at	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
decreased	O
compatibility	O
in	O
markets	O
where	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
are	O
not	O
necessarily	O
as	O
powerful	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
netbook	B-Device
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
Silverlight	B-Application
,	O
Direct3D	B-Application
integration	O
allows	O
for	O
streamlined	O
3D	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
four	O
types	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
binding	I-General_Concept
:	O
</s>
<s>
LINQ	B-Language
queries	O
,	O
including	O
LINQ	B-Language
to	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
can	O
also	O
act	O
as	O
data	O
sources	O
for	O
data	B-General_Concept
binding	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WPF	O
provides	O
an	O
integrated	O
system	O
for	O
building	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
with	O
common	O
media	O
elements	O
like	O
vector	O
and	O
raster	O
images	O
,	O
audio	O
,	O
and	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
3D	O
capabilities	O
in	O
WPF	O
are	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
full-feature	O
set	O
provided	O
by	O
Direct3D	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
WPF	O
provides	O
tighter	O
integration	O
with	O
other	O
features	O
like	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
,	O
documents	O
,	O
and	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
makes	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
have	O
3D	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
,	O
3D	O
documents	O
,	O
or	O
3D	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
support	O
for	O
most	O
common	O
image	O
formats	O
:	O
BMP	O
,	O
JPEG	O
,	O
PNG	O
,	O
TIFF	O
,	O
Windows	B-Device
Media	I-Device
Photo	I-Device
,	O
GIF	O
,	O
and	O
ICON	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
supports	O
the	O
video	O
formats	O
WMV	B-Device
,	O
MPEG	O
and	O
some	O
AVI	O
files	O
by	O
default	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
it	O
has	O
Windows	B-Device
Media	I-Device
Player	I-Device
running	O
beneath	O
,	O
WPF	O
can	O
use	O
all	O
the	O
codecs	O
installed	O
for	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
visual	O
sub-elements	O
are	O
turned	O
into	O
a	O
hierarchical	O
visual	O
tree	O
by	O
WPF	O
and	O
eventually	O
rendered	O
by	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
has	O
a	O
flexible	O
data	B-General_Concept
binding	I-General_Concept
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rather	O
than	O
showing	O
simple	O
text	O
for	O
the	O
bound	O
data	O
,	O
WPF	O
can	O
apply	O
a	O
data	O
template	O
(	O
replaceable	O
UI	O
for	O
.NET	B-Application
types	O
)	O
before	O
rendering	O
to	O
the	O
visual	O
tree	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Animation	O
classes	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
type	O
of	O
property	O
to	O
be	O
animated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Animation	O
effects	O
can	O
be	O
defined	O
on	O
a	O
per-object	O
basis	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
directly	O
from	O
XAML	B-Device
markup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
can	O
natively	O
access	O
Windows	O
Imaging	O
Component	O
(	O
WIC	O
)	O
code	O
and	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
allowing	O
developers	O
to	O
write	O
image	O
codecs	O
for	O
their	O
specific	O
image	O
file	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
raster	O
effects	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
unmanaged	O
code	O
and	O
force	O
rendering	O
of	O
the	O
Visual	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
on	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
and	O
not	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
accelerated	I-General_Concept
by	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
BitmapEffects	O
were	O
deprecated	O
in	O
.NET	B-Application
3.5	O
SP	O
1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.5	O
SP1	O
adds	O
the	O
Effect	O
class	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
Pixel-Shader	O
2.0	O
effect	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
a	O
visual	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
all	O
rendering	O
to	O
remain	O
on	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Effect	O
class	O
,	O
in	O
.NET	B-Application
3.5	O
SP1	O
and	O
4.0	O
,	O
ships	O
with	O
two	O
built-in	O
effects	O
,	O
BlurEffect	O
and	O
DropShadowEffect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
BitmapEffect	O
class	O
was	O
marked	O
as	O
deprecated	O
in	O
.Net	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.5	O
SP1	O
,	O
its	O
use	O
was	O
still	O
allowed	O
and	O
these	O
effects	O
would	O
still	O
render	O
correctly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
.Net	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
4.0	O
the	O
BitmapEffect	O
class	O
was	O
effectively	O
deprecated	O
-	O
code	O
referencing	O
BitmapEffect	O
still	O
builds	O
without	O
errors	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
effect	O
gets	O
actually	O
rendered	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Natively	O
supports	O
XML	B-Device
Paper	I-Device
Specification	I-Device
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
includes	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
text	O
rendering	O
features	O
that	O
were	O
not	O
available	O
in	O
GDI	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Font	O
linking	O
and	O
font	O
fallback	O
information	O
is	O
stored	O
in	O
a	O
portable	O
XML	B-Protocol
file	O
,	O
using	O
composite	O
font	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XML	B-Protocol
file	O
has	O
extension	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WPF	O
text	O
engine	O
also	O
supports	O
built-in	O
spell	B-Application
checking	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
text	O
rendering	O
takes	O
advantage	O
of	O
advances	O
in	O
ClearType	O
technology	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
sub-pixel	O
positioning	O
,	O
natural	O
advance	O
widths	O
,	O
Y-direction	O
anti-aliasing	O
,	O
hardware-accelerated	B-General_Concept
text	O
rendering	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
aggressive	O
caching	O
of	O
pre-rendered	O
text	O
in	O
video	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
the	O
ClearType	O
in	O
GDI	B-Operating_System
or	O
GDI+	O
,	O
WPF	O
ClearType	O
does	O
not	O
snap	O
glyphs	O
to	O
pixels	O
horizontally	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
loss	O
of	O
contrast	O
disliked	O
by	O
some	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DirectX	B-Application
10	I-Application
cards	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
cache	O
the	O
font	O
glyphs	O
in	O
video	O
memory	O
,	O
then	O
perform	O
the	O
composition	O
(	O
assembling	O
of	O
character	O
glyphs	O
in	O
the	O
correct	O
order	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
correct	O
spacing	O
)	O
,	O
alpha-blending	O
(	O
application	O
of	O
anti-aliasing	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
RGB	O
blending	O
(	O
ClearType	O
's	O
sub-pixel	O
color	O
calculations	O
)	O
,	O
entirely	O
in	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
means	O
that	O
only	O
the	O
original	O
glyphs	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
stored	O
in	O
video	O
memory	O
once	O
per	O
font	O
(	O
Microsoft	O
estimates	O
that	O
this	O
would	O
require	O
2	O
MB	O
of	O
video	O
memory	O
per	O
font	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
operations	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
display	O
of	O
anti-aliased	O
text	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
other	O
graphicsincluding	O
videocan	O
also	O
be	O
done	O
with	O
no	O
computation	O
effort	O
on	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
DirectX	B-Application
9	I-Application
cards	O
are	O
only	O
able	O
to	O
cache	O
the	O
alpha-blended	O
glyphs	O
in	O
memory	O
,	O
thus	O
requiring	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
to	O
handle	O
glyph	O
composition	O
and	O
alpha-blending	O
before	O
passing	O
this	O
to	O
the	O
video	O
card	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cards	O
that	O
do	O
n't	O
support	O
DirectX	B-Application
9	I-Application
have	O
no	O
hardware-accelerated	B-General_Concept
text	O
rendering	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Forms	I-Application
is	O
also	O
possible	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
ElementHost	O
and	O
WindowsFormsHost	O
classes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
enable	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
WinForms	B-Application
,	O
the	O
developer	O
executes	O
this	O
from	O
their	O
WPF	O
C#	B-Application
code	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
System.Windows.Forms.Integration.WindowsFormsHost.EnableWindowsFormsInterop( )	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
4.0	O
supports	O
multi-touch	O
input	O
on	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
and	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
supports	O
Microsoft	B-Application
UI	I-Application
Automation	I-Application
to	O
allow	O
developers	O
to	O
create	O
accessible	O
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
API	B-General_Concept
also	O
allows	O
automated	O
test	O
scripts	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
the	O
UI	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
markup	O
languages	O
for	O
web	O
development	O
,	O
WPF	O
introduces	O
eXtensible	B-Device
Application	I-Device
Markup	I-Device
Language	I-Device
(	O
XAML	B-Device
;	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
XAML	B-Device
is	O
designed	O
as	O
a	O
more	O
efficient	O
method	O
of	O
developing	O
application	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
specific	O
advantage	O
that	O
XAML	B-Device
brings	O
to	O
WPF	O
is	O
that	O
XAML	B-Device
is	O
a	O
completely	O
declarative	B-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
developer	O
(	O
or	O
designer	O
)	O
to	O
describe	O
the	O
behavior	O
and	O
integration	O
of	O
components	O
without	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
procedural	B-Application
programming	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
is	O
rare	O
that	O
an	O
entire	O
application	O
will	O
be	O
built	O
completely	O
in	O
XAML	B-Device
,	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
XAML	B-Device
allows	O
application	O
designers	O
to	O
more	O
effectively	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
application	O
development	O
cycle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
XAML	B-Device
to	O
develop	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
also	O
allows	O
for	O
separation	O
of	O
model	O
and	O
view	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
considered	O
a	O
good	O
architectural	O
principle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
XAML	B-Device
,	O
elements	O
and	O
attributes	O
map	O
to	O
classes	O
and	O
properties	O
in	O
the	O
underlying	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
in	O
web	O
development	O
,	O
both	O
layouts	O
and	O
specific	O
themes	O
are	O
well	O
suited	O
to	O
markup	O
,	O
but	O
XAML	B-Device
is	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
either	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indeed	O
,	O
all	O
elements	O
of	O
WPF	O
may	O
be	O
coded	O
in	O
a	O
.NET	B-Application
language	O
(	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
VB.NET	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XAML	B-Device
code	O
can	O
ultimately	O
be	O
compiled	O
into	O
a	O
managed	O
assembly	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
all	O
.NET	B-Application
languages	O
are	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
architecture	O
of	O
WPF	O
spans	O
both	O
managed	O
code	O
and	O
native	B-Language
code	I-Language
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
public	O
API	B-General_Concept
exposed	O
is	O
only	O
available	O
via	O
managed	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
interfaces	O
directly	O
with	O
DirectX	B-Application
and	O
provides	O
basic	O
support	O
for	O
2D	O
and	O
3D	O
surfaces	O
,	O
timer-controlled	O
manipulation	O
of	O
contents	O
of	O
a	O
surface	O
with	O
a	O
view	O
to	O
exposing	O
animation	O
constructs	O
at	O
a	O
higher	O
level	O
,	O
and	O
compositing	O
the	O
individual	O
elements	O
of	O
a	O
WPF	O
application	O
into	O
a	O
final	O
3D	O
"	O
scene	O
"	O
that	O
represents	O
the	O
UI	O
of	O
the	O
application	O
and	O
renders	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PresentationFramework	O
(	O
presentationframework.dll	O
)	O
implements	O
the	O
end-user	O
presentational	O
features	O
,	O
including	O
layouts	O
,	O
time-dependent	O
,	O
story-board	O
based	O
animations	O
,	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
binding	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
layout	O
system	O
to	O
trigger	O
a	O
recalculation	O
of	O
the	O
layout	O
on	O
property-changes	O
,	O
thus	O
exposing	O
a	O
declarative	B-Language
programming	I-Language
style	O
for	O
WPF	O
,	O
whereby	O
almost	O
everything	O
,	O
from	O
setting	O
colors	O
and	O
positions	O
to	O
animating	O
elements	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
by	O
setting	O
properties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
WPF	O
applications	O
to	O
be	O
written	O
in	O
XAML	B-Device
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
declarative	B-Language
mark-up	O
language	O
,	O
by	O
binding	O
the	O
keywords	O
and	O
attributes	O
directly	O
to	O
WPF	O
classes	O
and	O
properties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Periodically	O
,	O
MIL	O
walks	O
the	O
tree	O
and	O
executes	O
the	O
rendering	O
instructions	O
in	O
each	O
node	O
,	O
thus	O
compositing	O
each	O
element	O
on	O
to	O
a	O
DirectX	B-Application
surface	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
then	O
rendered	O
on	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MIL	O
uses	O
the	O
painter	B-Algorithm
's	I-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
,	O
where	O
all	O
the	O
components	O
are	O
rendered	O
from	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
to	O
the	O
front	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
complex	O
effects	O
like	O
transparencies	O
to	O
be	O
easily	O
achieved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
rendering	O
process	O
is	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
accelerated	I-General_Concept
using	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
render	O
thread	O
picks	O
up	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
visual	O
tree	O
and	O
walks	O
the	O
tree	O
calculating	O
which	O
components	O
will	O
be	O
visible	O
and	O
renders	O
them	O
to	O
Direct3D	B-Application
surfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Arrange	O
phase	O
,	O
the	O
child	O
elements	O
are	O
recursively	O
arranged	O
by	O
their	O
parents	O
,	O
invoking	O
the	O
layout	B-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
layout	O
module	O
in	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
development	O
tools	O
are	O
available	O
for	O
developing	O
Windows	B-Device
Presentation	I-Device
Foundation	I-Device
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
is	O
a	O
developer-oriented	O
IDE	B-Application
that	O
contains	O
a	O
combination	O
XAML	B-Device
editor	O
and	O
WPF	O
visual	O
designer	O
,	O
beginning	O
with	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2008	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2008	I-Application
,	O
the	O
WPF	O
designer	O
add-in	O
,	O
codenamed	O
Cider	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
original	O
release	O
of	O
a	O
WYSIWYG	O
editor	O
for	O
creating	O
WPF	O
windows	O
,	O
pages	O
,	O
and	O
user	B-Application
controls	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
available	O
for	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2005	O
as	O
a	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2005	O
extensions	O
for	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.0	O
CTP	O
for	O
the	O
initial	O
release	O
of	O
WPF	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2008	O
and	O
later	O
editions	O
,	O
particularly	O
Visual	O
C#	B-Application
Express	O
and	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
Express	O
,	O
also	O
have	O
the	O
WPF	O
designer	O
integrated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Blend	I-Application
is	O
a	O
designer-oriented	O
tool	O
that	O
provides	O
an	O
artboard	O
for	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
WPF	O
applications	O
with	O
2D	O
and	O
3D	O
graphics	O
,	O
text	O
and	O
forms	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
generates	O
XAML	B-Device
that	O
may	O
be	O
exported	O
into	O
other	O
tools	O
and	O
shares	O
solution	O
(	O
sln	O
files	O
)	O
and	O
project	O
formats	O
(	O
csproj	O
,	O
vbproj	O
)	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Expression	I-Application
Design	I-Application
is	O
a	O
bitmap	O
and	O
2D-vector	O
graphics	O
tool	O
for	O
exporting	O
to	O
XAML	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
XAMLPad	O
is	O
a	O
lightweight	O
tool	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
SDK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
create	O
and	O
render	O
XAML	B-Device
files	O
using	O
a	O
split	O
screen	O
UI	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SharpDevelop	B-Language
,	O
an	O
open-source	O
.NET	B-Application
IDE	B-Application
,	O
includes	O
WPF	O
application	O
design	O
abilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
free	O
alternative	O
to	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
PowerBuilder	B-Language
.NET	I-Language
by	O
Sybase	O
is	O
a	O
4GL	O
tool	O
that	O
translates	O
PowerBuilder	B-Language
code	O
,	O
graphical	O
objects	O
to	O
XAML	B-Device
and	O
allows	O
deploying	O
the	O
application	O
as	O
a	O
WPF	O
target	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WPF	O
's	O
deployment	O
model	O
offers	O
both	O
standalone	O
and	O
XAML	B-Application
Browser	I-Application
Applications	I-Application
(	O
XBAP	B-Application
,	O
pronounced	O
"	O
ex-bap	O
"	O
)	O
flavors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Standalone	O
applications	O
are	O
those	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
locally	O
installed	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
using	O
software	O
such	O
as	O
ClickOnce	B-Application
or	O
Windows	B-Application
Installer	I-Application
(	O
MSI	O
)	O
and	O
which	O
run	O
on	O
the	O
desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XAML	B-Application
Browser	I-Application
Applications	I-Application
(	O
XBAPs	B-Application
)	O
are	O
programs	O
that	O
are	O
hosted	O
inside	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pre-.NET4	O
XBAP	B-Application
applications	O
run	O
in	O
a	O
partial	O
trust	O
sandbox	O
environment	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
not	O
given	O
full	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
computer	O
's	O
resources	O
and	O
not	O
all	O
WPF	O
functionality	O
is	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XBAPs	B-Application
can	O
run	O
as	O
fully	O
trusted	O
applications	O
in	O
.NET	B-Application
4	O
,	O
with	O
full	O
access	O
to	O
computer	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
an	O
XBAP	B-Application
from	O
an	O
HTML	O
page	O
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
is	O
seamless	O
(	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
security	O
or	O
installation	O
prompt	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
one	O
gets	O
the	O
perception	O
of	O
the	O
application	O
running	O
in	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
it	O
actually	O
runs	O
in	O
an	O
out-of-process	O
executable	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.0	O
,	O
XBAPs	B-Application
would	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
IE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.5	O
SP1	O
,	O
XBAP	B-Application
also	O
runs	O
in	O
Mozilla	B-Application
Firefox	I-Application
using	O
the	O
included	O
extension	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
16	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Mozilla	O
added	O
the	O
Firefox	B-Application
plugin	O
and	O
extension	O
to	O
its	O
add-ons	O
blocklist	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
remotely	O
exploitable	O
serious	O
security	O
vulnerability	O
,	O
in	O
agreement	O
with	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
,	O
the	O
Firefox	B-Application
plugin	O
does	O
not	O
run	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
reinstallation	O
of	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.5	O
SP1	O
will	O
install	O
the	O
plugin	O
and	O
add	O
support	O
for	O
XBAP	B-Application
applications	O
on	O
Firefox	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternatively	O
,	O
hard-copying	O
the	O
plugin	O
DLLs	O
from	O
a	O
working	O
Windows	O
XP/Vista	O
installation	O
to	O
the	O
plugin	O
directory	O
of	O
Mozilla	B-Application
Firefox	I-Application
will	O
also	O
reinstate	O
support	O
for	O
XBAP	B-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Silverlight	B-Application
(	O
codenamed	O
WPF/E	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
deprecated	O
cross-browser	O
browser	B-Protocol
plugin	I-Protocol
which	O
contained	O
WPF-based	O
technology	O
(	O
including	O
XAML	B-Device
)	O
that	O
provided	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
video	O
,	O
vector	O
graphics	O
,	O
and	O
animations	O
to	O
multiple	O
operating	O
systems	O
including	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
.	O
Microsoft	O
sanctioned	O
a	O
limited	O
number	O
of	O
third-party	O
developers	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
ports	O
for	O
certain	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specifically	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
provided	O
as	O
an	O
add-on	O
for	O
Mozilla	B-Application
Firefox	I-Application
,	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
6	I-Application
and	O
above	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Chrome	I-Application
42	O
and	O
below	O
and	O
Apple	B-Application
Safari	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
.NET	B-Application
Micro	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
includes	O
a	O
GUI	O
object	B-Application
model	I-Application
loosely	O
based	O
on	O
WPF	O
,	O
although	O
without	O
support	O
for	O
XAML	B-Device
.	O
</s>
