<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
(	O
WP	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
discontinued	O
family	O
of	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
developed	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
as	O
the	O
replacement	O
successor	O
to	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
and	O
Zune	B-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
featured	O
a	O
new	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
derived	O
from	O
the	O
Metro	O
design	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
,	O
it	O
was	O
primarily	O
aimed	O
at	O
the	O
consumer	O
market	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
enterprise	B-Application
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
first	O
launched	O
in	O
October	O
2010	O
with	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
succeeded	O
it	O
in	O
2012	O
,	O
replacing	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
CE-based	O
kernel	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
with	O
the	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
kernel	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
PC	O
versions	O
of	O
Windows	B-Application
(	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
particular	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
internal	O
components	O
from	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
these	O
changes	O
,	O
the	O
OS	O
was	O
incompatible	O
with	O
all	O
existing	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
devices	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
still	O
supported	O
apps	O
originally	O
developed	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
update	O
,	O
which	O
introduced	O
the	O
Cortana	B-Application
virtual	B-Protocol
assistant	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Runtime	O
platform	O
support	O
to	O
create	O
cross-platform	O
apps	O
between	O
Windows	B-Application
PCs	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2015	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
promoted	O
increased	O
integration	O
and	O
unification	O
with	O
its	O
PC	B-Operating_System
counterpart	I-Operating_System
,	O
including	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
connect	O
devices	O
to	O
an	O
external	O
display	O
or	O
docking	B-Device
station	I-Device
to	O
display	O
a	O
PC-like	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Microsoft	O
dropped	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
brand	O
at	O
this	O
time	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
focus	O
more	O
on	O
synergies	O
with	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
for	O
PCs	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
still	O
a	O
continuation	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
line	O
from	O
a	O
technical	O
standpoint	O
,	O
and	O
updates	O
were	O
issued	O
for	O
selected	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
investments	O
in	O
the	O
platform	O
were	O
headlined	O
by	O
a	O
major	O
partnership	O
with	O
Nokia	O
(	O
whose	O
Lumia	B-Device
series	I-Device
of	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
including	O
the	O
Lumia	B-Device
520	I-Device
in	O
particular	O
,	O
would	O
represent	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
devices	O
sold	O
by	O
2013	O
)	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
eventual	O
acquisition	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
mobile	O
device	O
business	O
for	O
just	O
over	O
US$7	O
billion	O
(	O
which	O
included	O
Nokia	O
's	O
then-CEO	O
Stephen	O
Elop	O
joining	O
Microsoft	O
to	O
lead	O
its	O
in-house	O
mobile	O
division	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
duopoly	O
of	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iPhone	B-Device
remained	O
the	O
dominant	O
platforms	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
and	O
interest	O
in	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
from	O
app	O
developers	O
began	O
to	O
diminish	O
by	O
mid-decade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
began	O
to	O
prioritize	O
software	O
development	O
and	O
integrations	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
instead	O
,	O
and	O
ceased	O
active	O
development	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
in	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Work	O
on	O
a	O
major	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
update	O
may	O
have	O
begun	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
2004	O
under	O
the	O
codename	O
"	O
Photon	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
work	O
moved	O
slowly	O
and	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
ultimately	O
cancelled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
reorganized	O
the	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
group	O
and	O
started	O
work	O
on	O
a	O
new	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
product	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
2009	O
as	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
,	O
but	O
several	O
delays	O
prompted	O
Microsoft	O
to	O
develop	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
6.5	O
as	O
an	O
interim	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
this	O
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
was	O
developed	O
quickly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
result	O
was	O
that	O
the	O
new	O
OS	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
compatible	O
with	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lieberman	O
said	O
that	O
Microsoft	O
was	O
attempting	O
to	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
mobile	O
phone	O
market	O
in	O
a	O
new	O
way	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
end	O
user	O
in	O
mind	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
enterprise	B-Application
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Terry	O
Myerson	O
,	O
corporate	O
VP	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
engineering	O
,	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
With	O
the	O
move	O
to	O
capacitive	O
touch	O
screens	O
,	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
stylus	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
moves	O
to	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
hardware	O
choices	O
we	O
made	O
for	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
experience	O
,	O
we	O
had	O
to	O
break	O
application	O
compatibility	O
with	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
6.5.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
until	O
at	O
least	O
2015	O
,	O
Joe	O
Belfiore	O
was	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
development	O
and	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
the	O
platform	O
's	O
initiatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
11	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
press	O
event	O
in	O
London	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
CEO	O
Steve	O
Ballmer	O
and	O
Nokia	O
CEO	O
Stephen	O
Elop	O
announced	O
a	O
partnership	O
between	O
their	O
companies	O
in	O
which	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
would	O
become	O
the	O
primary	O
smartphone	B-Application
operating-system	O
for	O
Nokia	O
,	O
replacing	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
event	O
focused	O
largely	O
on	O
setting	O
up	O
"	O
a	O
new	O
global	O
mobile	O
ecosystem	O
"	O
,	O
suggesting	O
competition	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
with	O
the	O
words	O
"	O
It	O
is	O
now	O
a	O
three	O
horse	O
race	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Elop	O
stated	O
the	O
reason	O
for	O
choosing	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
over	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
saying	O
:	O
"	O
the	O
single	O
most	O
important	O
word	O
is	O
'	O
differentiation	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Entering	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
environment	O
late	O
,	O
we	O
knew	O
we	O
would	O
have	O
a	O
hard	O
time	O
differentiating.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Nokia	O
would	O
have	O
had	O
more	O
long-term	O
creative	O
control	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
(	O
note	O
that	O
MeeGo	B-Operating_System
as	O
used	O
by	O
Nokia	O
resembles	O
Android	B-Application
more	O
than	O
it	O
does	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
as	O
both	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
MeeGo	B-Operating_System
are	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Linux	B-Application
kernel	O
)	O
,	O
Elop	O
enjoyed	O
familiarity	O
with	O
his	O
past	O
company	O
where	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
a	O
top	O
executive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jo	O
Harlow	O
,	O
whom	O
Elop	O
tapped	O
to	O
run	O
Nokia	O
's	O
smartphone	B-Application
business	O
,	O
rearranged	O
her	O
team	O
to	O
match	O
the	O
structure	O
led	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
VP	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
,	O
Terry	O
Myerson	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
Nokia	B-Device
Lumia	I-Device
Windows	B-Protocol
Phones	I-Protocol
,	O
the	O
Lumia	B-Application
800	I-Application
and	O
Lumia	B-Application
710	I-Application
,	O
were	O
announced	O
in	O
October	O
2011	O
at	O
Nokia	O
World	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
in	O
2012	O
Nokia	O
announced	O
the	O
Lumia	B-Device
900	I-Device
,	O
featuring	O
a	O
4.3-inch	O
AMOLED	O
ClearBlack	O
display	O
,	O
a	O
1.4GHz	O
processor	O
and	O
16GB	O
of	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Lumia	B-Device
900	I-Device
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phones	I-Protocol
to	O
support	O
LTE	O
and	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
AT&T	O
on	O
April	O
8	O
,	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Lumia	B-Application
610	I-Application
was	O
the	O
first	O
Nokia	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
to	O
run	O
the	O
Tango	O
Variant	O
(	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.5	O
Refresh	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
aimed	O
at	O
emerging	O
markets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2014	O
,	O
Nokia	O
released	O
the	B-Device
Nokia	I-Device
X	I-Device
series	I-Device
of	I-Device
smartphones	I-Device
(	O
later	O
discontinued	O
)	O
using	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Android	B-Application
forked	O
from	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
Open	O
Source	O
Project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
operating	O
system	O
was	O
modified	O
;	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
software	O
was	O
not	O
included	O
in	O
favour	O
of	O
competing	O
applications	O
and	O
services	O
from	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
Nokia	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
highly	O
modified	O
to	O
resemble	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
was	O
announced	O
at	O
Mobile	O
World	O
Congress	O
in	O
Barcelona	O
,	O
Catalonia	O
,	O
Spain	O
,	O
on	O
February	O
15	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
publicly	O
on	O
November	O
8	O
,	O
2010	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.5	O
Mango	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
update	O
included	O
a	O
mobile	O
version	O
of	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
9	I-Application
that	O
supports	O
the	O
same	O
web	O
standards	O
and	O
graphical	O
capability	O
as	O
the	O
desktop	O
version	O
,	O
multi-tasking	B-Operating_System
of	O
third-party	O
apps	O
,	O
Twitter	B-Application
integration	O
for	O
the	O
People	O
Hub	O
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Live	I-Application
SkyDrive	I-Application
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
minor	O
update	O
released	O
in	O
2012	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Tango	O
"	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
other	O
bug	O
fixes	O
,	O
lowered	O
the	O
hardware	O
requirements	O
to	O
allow	O
for	O
devices	O
with	O
800MHz	O
CPUs	O
and	O
256	O
MB	O
of	O
RAM	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
devices	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
upgraded	O
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
due	O
to	O
hardware	O
limitations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.8	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
a	O
stopgap	O
update	O
in	O
2013	O
to	O
include	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
features	O
from	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
29	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
generation	O
of	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
replaced	O
its	O
previously	O
Windows	O
CE-based	O
architecture	O
with	O
one	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
kernel	O
with	O
many	O
components	O
shared	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
was	O
announced	O
on	O
April	O
2	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
after	O
being	O
released	O
in	O
preview	O
form	O
to	O
developers	O
on	O
April	O
10	O
,	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
features	O
added	O
include	O
a	O
notification	O
center	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
11	I-Application
web	O
browser	O
,	O
with	O
tab	O
syncing	O
among	O
Windows	B-Device
8.1	I-Device
devices	O
,	O
separate	O
volume	O
controls	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
skin	O
and	O
add	O
a	O
third	O
column	O
of	O
live	O
tiles	O
to	O
the	O
Start	O
Screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
this	O
release	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
dropped	O
the	O
requirement	O
that	O
all	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
OEMs	O
include	O
a	O
camera	O
button	O
and	O
physical	O
buttons	O
for	O
back	O
,	O
Start	O
,	O
and	O
Search	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
introduced	O
Cortana	B-Application
,	O
a	O
voice	B-Protocol
assistant	I-Protocol
similar	O
to	O
Siri	B-Application
and	O
Google	B-Application
Now	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cortana	B-Application
replaced	O
the	O
previous	O
Bing	B-Application
search	I-Application
feature	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
a	O
beta	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
2014	O
,	O
before	O
expanding	O
to	O
other	O
countries	O
in	O
early	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
was	O
announced	O
on	O
January	O
21	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
tablets	O
running	O
on	O
ARM	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
primary	O
focus	O
is	O
unification	O
with	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
,	O
its	O
PC	B-Operating_System
counterpart	I-Operating_System
,	O
in	O
software	O
and	O
services	O
;	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
this	O
strategy	O
,	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
name	O
has	O
been	O
phased	O
out	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
branding	O
the	O
platform	O
as	O
an	O
edition	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
,	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
continuation	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
most	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
devices	O
can	O
be	O
upgraded	O
to	O
the	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
emphasized	O
software	O
using	O
the	O
Universal	B-Application
Windows	B-Application
Platform	O
(	O
UWP	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
allowed	O
apps	O
to	O
be	O
designed	O
for	O
use	O
across	O
multiple	O
Windows	B-Application
10-based	O
product	O
families	O
with	O
nearly	O
identical	O
code	O
,	O
functionality	O
,	O
and	O
adaptations	O
for	O
available	O
input	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
connected	O
to	O
an	O
external	O
display	O
,	O
devices	O
could	O
also	O
render	O
a	O
stripped-down	O
desktop	O
interface	O
similar	O
to	O
Windows	B-Application
on	O
PCs	O
,	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
keyboard	O
and	O
mouse	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
featured	O
Skype	B-Application
message	O
integration	O
,	O
updated	O
Office	B-Application
Mobile	I-Application
apps	I-Application
,	O
notification	O
syncing	O
with	O
other	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Edge	I-Application
web	O
browser	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
improvements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
developed	O
a	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
known	O
as	O
Windows	B-Application
Bridge	O
to	O
allow	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
Objective-C	B-Language
and	O
Android	B-Application
C++	B-Language
or	O
Java	B-Language
software	O
to	O
be	O
ported	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
with	O
limited	O
changes	O
to	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
diminishing	O
interest	O
and	O
application	O
development	O
for	O
the	O
platform	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
discontinued	O
active	O
development	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
in	O
2017	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
platform	O
was	O
declared	O
end	O
of	O
life	O
on	O
January	O
14	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
features	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
based	O
on	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
"	O
Metro	O
"	O
design	O
language	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
inspired	O
by	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
in	O
the	O
Zune	B-Library
HD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
home	O
screen	O
,	O
called	O
the	O
"	O
Start	O
screen	O
"	O
,	O
is	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
"	O
Live	O
Tiles	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
inspiration	O
for	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
live	O
tiles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
,	O
live	O
tiles	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
resized	O
to	O
either	O
a	O
small	O
,	O
medium	O
,	O
or	O
large	O
appearance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
features	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
are	O
organized	O
into	O
"	O
hubs	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
combine	O
local	O
and	O
online	O
content	O
via	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
's	O
integration	O
with	O
popular	O
social	O
networks	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Live	O
,	O
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
Pictures	O
hub	O
shows	O
photos	O
captured	O
with	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
camera	O
and	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
Facebook	B-Application
photo	O
albums	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
People	O
hub	O
shows	O
contacts	O
aggregated	O
from	O
multiple	O
sources	O
including	O
Windows	B-Application
Live	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Gmail	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
other	O
built-in	O
hubs	O
are	O
Xbox	O
Music	O
and	O
Video	O
,	O
Xbox	B-Application
Live	I-Application
Games	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Office	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
uses	O
multi-touch	B-Application
technology	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
default	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
has	O
a	O
dark	O
theme	O
that	O
prolongs	O
battery	O
life	O
on	O
OLED	B-Device
screens	I-Device
as	O
fully	O
black	O
pixels	O
do	O
not	O
emit	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Application
interface	I-Application
elements	O
such	O
as	O
links	O
,	O
buttons	O
and	O
tiles	O
are	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
chosen	O
accent	O
color	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Third-party	B-General_Concept
applications	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
automatically	O
themed	O
with	O
these	O
colors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
introduces	O
transparent	O
tiles	O
and	O
a	O
customizable	O
background	O
image	O
for	O
the	O
Start	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
input	O
text	O
by	O
using	O
an	O
on-screen	O
virtual	B-Device
keyboard	I-Device
,	O
which	O
has	O
a	O
dedicated	O
key	O
for	O
inserting	O
emoticons	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
features	O
spell	O
checking	O
and	O
word	O
prediction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
App	O
developers	O
(	O
both	O
inhouse	O
and	O
ISV	O
)	O
may	O
specify	O
different	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
virtual	B-Device
keyboard	I-Device
in	O
order	O
to	O
limit	O
users	O
to	O
certain	O
character	O
sets	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
numeric	O
characters	O
alone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
introduces	O
a	O
new	O
method	O
of	O
typing	O
by	O
swiping	O
through	O
the	O
keyboard	O
without	O
lifting	O
the	O
finger	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
manner	O
similar	O
to	O
Swype	B-Language
and	O
SwiftKey	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internet	O
Explorer	O
on	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
favorite	O
web	O
pages	O
and	O
tiles	O
linking	O
to	O
web	O
pages	O
on	O
the	O
Start	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
features	O
include	O
multi-touch	B-Application
gestures	O
,	O
smooth	O
zoom	O
in/out	O
animations	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
save	O
pictures	O
that	O
are	O
on	O
web	O
pages	O
,	O
share	O
web	O
pages	O
via	O
email	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
inline	O
search	O
which	O
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
a	O
word	O
or	O
phrase	O
in	O
a	O
web	O
page	O
by	O
typing	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tabs	O
are	O
synced	O
with	O
Windows	B-Device
8.1	I-Device
devices	O
using	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
11	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Contacts	O
are	O
organized	O
via	O
the	O
"	O
People	O
hub	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
manually	O
entered	O
into	O
contacts	O
or	O
imported	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Live	O
Contacts	O
,	O
Twitter	B-Application
,	O
LinkedIn	B-Application
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Outlook	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
"	O
What	O
's	O
New	O
"	O
section	O
shows	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
Facebook	B-Application
news	O
feed	O
and	O
a	O
"	O
Pictures	O
"	O
section	O
show	O
pictures	O
from	O
those	O
social	O
networks	O
,	O
while	O
a	O
"	O
Me	O
"	O
section	O
within	O
the	O
"	O
People	O
"	O
hub	O
shows	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
own	O
social	O
network	O
status	O
and	O
wall	O
and	O
allows	O
them	O
to	O
view	O
social	O
network	O
updates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.5	O
,	O
contacts	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
sorted	O
into	O
"	O
Groups	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
supports	O
Outlook.com,	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
,	O
Yahoo	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
Mail	O
and	O
Gmail	B-Application
natively	O
and	O
supports	O
many	O
other	O
services	O
via	O
the	O
POP	B-Protocol
and	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
protocols	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Updates	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
more	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
iCloud	B-Application
and	O
IBM	B-Application
Notes	I-Application
Traveler	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Xbox	O
Music	O
and	O
Xbox	O
Video	O
are	O
built-in	O
multimedia	O
hubs	O
providing	O
entertainment	O
and	O
synchronization	O
capabilities	O
between	O
PC	O
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
other	O
Microsoft	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
two	O
hubs	O
were	O
previously	O
combined	O
until	O
standalone	O
apps	O
were	O
released	O
in	O
late	O
2013	O
,	O
shortly	O
before	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
debuted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
hubs	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
access	O
music	O
,	O
videos	O
,	O
and	O
podcasts	B-Operating_System
stored	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
,	O
and	O
links	O
directly	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
Xbox	O
Music	O
Store	O
"	O
to	O
buy	O
or	O
rent	O
music	O
and	O
the	O
"	O
Xbox	O
Video	O
Store	O
"	O
to	O
purchase	O
movies	O
and	O
TV	O
episodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Xbox	O
Music	O
hub	O
also	O
integrates	O
with	O
many	O
other	O
apps	O
that	O
provide	O
video	O
and	O
music	O
services	O
,	O
including	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
limited	O
to	O
,	O
iHeartRadio	O
,	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
Vevo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Pictures	O
hub	O
displays	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
OneDrive	B-Application
photo	O
albums	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
photos	O
taken	O
with	O
the	O
phone	O
's	O
built-in	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multi-touch	B-Application
gestures	O
permit	O
zooming	O
in	O
and	O
out	O
of	O
photos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
official	O
file	O
manager	O
app	O
called	O
Files	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
available	O
for	O
download	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
enables	O
users	O
to	O
move	O
and	O
rearrange	O
documents	O
,	O
videos	O
,	O
music	O
and	O
other	O
files	O
within	O
their	O
device	O
's	O
hard	O
drive	O
or	O
to	O
an	O
external	O
SD	O
card	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
supports	O
WAV	O
,	O
MP3	O
,	O
WMA	O
,	O
AMR	O
,	O
AAC/MP4/M4A/M4B	B-Application
and	O
3GP/3G2	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
previously	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
DivX	B-Application
and	O
Xvid	B-Algorithm
codecs	I-Algorithm
within	O
the	O
AVI	O
file	O
format	O
are	O
also	O
playable	O
on	O
WP	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
does	O
not	O
support	O
DRM	O
protected	O
media	O
files	O
that	O
are	O
obtained	O
from	O
services	O
other	O
than	O
Xbox	O
Music	O
Pass	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
Games	O
hub	O
"	O
provides	O
access	O
to	O
games	O
on	O
a	O
phone	O
along	O
with	O
Xbox	B-Application
Live	I-Application
functionality	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
ability	O
for	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
their	O
avatar	B-Device
,	O
view	O
and	O
edit	O
their	O
profile	O
,	O
see	O
their	O
achievements	O
and	O
view	O
leaderboards	O
,	O
and	O
send	O
messages	O
to	O
friends	O
on	O
Xbox	B-Application
Live	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Games	O
are	O
downloaded	O
from	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bing	B-Application
is	O
the	O
default	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
on	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
handsets	O
because	O
its	O
functions	O
are	O
deeply	O
integrated	O
in	O
the	O
OS	O
(	O
which	O
also	O
include	O
the	O
utilization	O
of	O
its	O
map	B-Application
service	I-Application
for	O
location-based	O
searches	O
and	O
queries	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
has	O
stated	O
that	O
other	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
applications	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
location-based	O
searches	O
,	O
Bing	B-Application
Maps	I-Application
(	O
which	O
is	O
powered	O
by	O
Nokia	O
's	O
location	O
services	O
)	O
provides	O
turn-by-turn	B-Application
navigation	I-Application
service	O
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
users	O
,	O
and	O
Local	O
Scout	O
shows	O
interest	O
points	O
such	O
as	O
attractions	O
and	O
restaurants	O
in	O
the	O
nearby	O
area	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Nokia	O
devices	O
,	O
Nokia	O
's	O
Here	B-Application
Maps	I-Application
is	O
preinstalled	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
Bing	B-Application
Maps	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
Bing	B-Application
Audio	I-Application
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
match	O
a	O
song	O
with	O
its	O
name	O
,	O
and	O
Bing	B-Application
Vision	I-Application
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
scan	O
barcodes	O
,	O
QR	O
codes	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
tags	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Every	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
has	O
either	O
a	O
dedicated	O
physical	O
Search	O
button	O
or	O
an	O
on-screen	O
Search	O
button	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
previously	O
reserved	O
for	O
a	O
Bing	B-Application
Search	I-Application
app	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
been	O
replaced	O
on	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
devices	O
and	O
later	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
and	O
United	O
States	O
by	O
Cortana	B-Application
,	O
a	O
digital	B-Protocol
personal	I-Protocol
assistant	I-Protocol
which	O
can	O
also	O
double	O
as	O
an	O
app	O
for	O
basic	O
searches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cortana	B-Application
allows	O
users	O
to	O
do	O
tasks	O
such	O
as	O
set	O
calendar	O
reminders	O
and	O
alarms	O
,	O
and	O
recognizes	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
natural	O
voice	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
answer	O
questions	O
(	O
like	O
current	O
weather	O
conditions	O
,	O
sports	O
scores	O
,	O
and	O
biographies	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
edit	O
the	O
"	O
Notebook	O
"	O
to	O
keep	O
information	O
from	O
Cortana	B-Application
or	O
reveal	O
more	O
about	O
themselves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phones	I-Protocol
come	O
preinstalled	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Office	I-Application
Mobile	I-Application
,	O
which	O
provides	O
interoperability	O
between	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
and	O
the	O
desktop	O
version	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Office	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Word	O
Mobile	O
,	O
Excel	O
Mobile	O
,	O
PowerPoint	O
Mobile	O
,	O
and	O
SharePoint	O
Workspace	O
Mobile	O
apps	O
are	O
accessible	O
through	O
a	O
single	O
"	O
Office	O
Hub	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
allow	O
most	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Office	I-Application
file	O
formats	O
to	O
be	O
viewed	O
and	O
edited	O
directly	O
on	O
a	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
Office	O
Hub	O
"	O
can	O
access	O
files	O
from	O
OneDrive	B-Application
and	O
Office	B-Operating_System
365	I-Operating_System
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
files	O
which	O
are	O
stored	O
locally	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
hard	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
preinstalled	O
in	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
's	O
"	O
Office	O
Hub	O
"	O
,	O
OneNote	O
Mobile	O
,	O
Lync	O
Mobile	O
,	O
and	O
OneDrive	B-Application
for	O
Business	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
separately	O
as	O
standalone	O
applications	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multitasking	B-Operating_System
in	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
is	O
invoked	O
through	O
long	O
pressing	O
the	O
"	O
back	O
"	O
arrow	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
present	O
on	O
all	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phones	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
uses	O
a	O
card-based	O
task	O
switcher	O
,	O
whereas	O
later	O
versions	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
utilize	O
true	O
background	O
multitasking	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zune	B-Protocol
Software	I-Protocol
manages	O
the	O
contents	O
on	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
devices	O
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
can	O
wirelessly	O
sync	O
with	O
Zune	B-Protocol
Software	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Syncing	O
content	O
between	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
and	O
8.1	B-Device
and	O
Windows	B-Application
PCs	I-Application
or	O
Macs	O
is	O
provided	O
through	O
the	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Phone	I-Operating_System
App	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
is	O
available	O
for	O
both	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
official	O
successor	O
to	O
Zune	B-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
only	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
transfer	O
content	O
such	O
as	O
music	O
,	O
videos	O
,	O
and	O
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
also	O
have	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
"	O
Tap	O
and	O
Send	O
"	O
feature	O
that	O
allows	O
for	O
file	O
transfer	O
between	O
Windows	B-Protocol
phones	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
NFC-compatible	O
devices	O
through	O
NFC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
updates	O
are	O
delivered	O
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
users	O
via	O
Microsoft	O
Update	O
,	O
as	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
with	O
other	O
Windows	B-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
initially	O
had	O
the	O
intention	O
to	O
directly	O
update	O
any	O
phone	O
running	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
instead	O
of	O
relying	O
on	O
OEMs	O
or	O
wireless	O
carriers	O
,	O
but	O
on	O
January	O
6	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
changed	O
their	O
policy	O
to	O
let	O
carriers	O
decide	O
if	O
an	O
update	O
will	O
be	O
delivered	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
users	O
were	O
required	O
to	O
attach	O
their	O
phones	O
to	O
a	O
PC	O
to	O
install	O
updates	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
,	O
all	O
updates	O
are	O
done	O
via	O
over-the-air	O
downloads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
has	O
also	O
begun	O
releasing	O
minor	O
updates	O
that	O
add	O
features	O
to	O
a	O
current	O
OS	O
release	O
throughout	O
the	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
third-party	B-General_Concept
applications	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
updated	O
automatically	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
also	O
launched	O
an	O
advertising	O
platform	O
for	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
's	O
General	O
Manager	O
for	O
Strategy	O
and	O
Business	O
Development	O
,	O
Kostas	O
Mallios	O
,	O
said	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
will	O
be	O
an	O
"	O
ad-serving	O
machine	O
"	O
,	O
pushing	O
advertising	O
and	O
brand-related	O
content	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mallios	O
said	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
"	O
preserve	O
the	O
brand	O
experience	O
by	O
going	O
directly	O
from	O
the	O
web	O
site	O
right	O
to	O
the	O
application	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
"	O
enables	O
advertisers	O
to	O
connect	O
with	O
consumers	O
over	O
time	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
supports	O
the	O
following	O
Bluetooth	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
:	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
BTF	O
support	O
is	O
available	O
from	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.8	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
the	O
transferring	O
of	O
pictures	O
,	O
music	O
and	O
videos	O
via	O
a	O
'	O
Bluetooth	O
Share	O
 '	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
keeps	O
a	O
site	O
where	O
people	O
can	O
submit	O
and	O
vote	O
on	O
features	O
they	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
see	O
added	O
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
was	O
used	O
to	O
digitally	O
distribute	O
music	O
,	O
video	O
content	O
,	O
podcasts	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
third-party	B-General_Concept
applications	I-General_Concept
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
handsets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
store	O
was	O
accessible	O
using	O
the	O
Zune	B-Protocol
Software	I-Protocol
client	O
or	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
hub	O
on	O
devices	O
(	O
though	O
videos	O
were	O
not	O
downloadable	O
through	O
the	O
store	O
hub	O
and	O
must	O
be	O
downloaded	O
and	O
synced	O
through	O
the	O
Zune	B-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
March	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
was	O
available	O
in	O
54	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Xbox	O
Music	O
offered	O
approximately	O
50	O
million	O
songs	O
up	O
to	O
320kbit/s	O
in	O
DRM-free	O
MP3	O
format	O
from	O
the	O
big	O
four	O
music	O
groups	O
(	O
EMI	O
,	O
Warner	O
Music	O
Group	O
,	O
Sony	O
BMG	O
and	O
Universal	B-Application
Music	O
Group	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
smaller	O
music	O
labels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Xbox	O
Video	O
offered	O
HD	O
movies	O
from	O
Paramount	O
,	O
Universal	B-Application
,	O
Warner	O
Brothers	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
studios	O
and	O
plus	O
television	O
shows	O
from	O
popular	O
television	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Third-party	B-General_Concept
applications	I-General_Concept
and	O
games	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
can	O
be	O
based	O
on	O
XNA	B-Device
,	O
a	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone-specific	O
version	O
of	O
Silverlight	B-Application
,	O
the	O
GUI-based	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Phone	I-Operating_System
App	I-Operating_System
Studio	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Runtime	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
develop	O
an	O
app	O
for	O
both	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Store	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
simultaneously	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
App	O
developers	O
can	O
develop	O
apps	O
using	O
C#	B-Application
/	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic.NET	I-Language
(	O
.NET	B-Application
)	O
,	O
C++	B-Language
(	O
CX	O
)	O
or	O
HTML5/JavaScript	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Phone	I-Operating_System
apps	I-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
designed	O
and	O
tested	O
within	O
Visual	O
Studio	O
or	O
Visual	O
Studio	O
Express	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
offers	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
Developer	O
Tools	O
,	O
which	O
run	O
only	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	O
SP2	O
and	O
later	O
,	O
as	O
an	O
extension	O
Microsoft	O
also	O
offers	O
Expression	B-Application
Blend	I-Application
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
for	O
free	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
29	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
the	O
Release-to-web	O
(	O
RTW	O
)	O
version	O
of	O
its	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
.NET	I-Language
Developer	O
Tool	O
,	O
to	O
aid	O
development	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Phone	I-Operating_System
apps	I-Operating_System
in	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
versions	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
support	O
the	O
running	O
of	O
managed	O
code	O
through	O
a	O
Common	O
Language	O
Runtime	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
itself	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
.NET	B-Operating_System
Compact	I-Operating_System
Framework	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
native	O
C	B-Language
and	O
C++	B-Language
libraries	O
,	O
allows	O
some	O
traditional	O
Windows	B-Application
desktop	O
programs	O
to	O
be	O
easily	O
ported	O
to	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Registered	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
and	O
Xbox	B-Application
Live	I-Application
developers	O
can	O
submit	O
and	O
manage	O
their	O
third-party	B-General_Concept
applications	I-General_Concept
for	O
the	O
platforms	O
through	O
the	O
App	O
Hub	O
web	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
App	O
Hub	O
provides	O
development	O
tools	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
third-party	B-General_Concept
application	I-General_Concept
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
get	O
an	O
application	O
to	O
appear	O
in	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
the	O
application	O
must	O
be	O
submitted	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
for	O
approval	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7	O
devices	O
were	O
first	O
produced	O
by	O
HTC	B-Application
,	O
LG	O
and	O
Samsung	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
devices	O
were	O
being	O
produced	O
by	O
HTC	B-Application
,	O
Huawei	O
,	O
Nokia	O
,	O
and	O
Samsung	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
2014	O
Mobile	O
World	O
Congress	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
that	O
upcoming	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
devices	O
would	O
be	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Celkon	O
,	O
Gionee	O
,	O
HTC	B-Application
,	O
Huawei	O
,	O
JSR	O
,	O
Karbonn	O
,	O
LG	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
,	O
Longcheer	O
,	O
Micromax	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
Mobile	O
,	O
Samsung	O
,	O
Xolo	O
,	O
and	O
ZTE	O
among	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
(	O
under	O
the	O
Xperia	O
or	O
Vaio	O
brand	O
)	O
had	O
also	O
stated	O
its	O
intention	O
to	O
produce	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
devices	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yezz	O
announced	O
two	O
smartphones	B-Application
in	O
May	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
Computex	O
2014	O
BYD	O
,	O
Compal	O
,	O
Pegatron	O
,	O
Quanta	O
and	O
Wistron	O
were	O
also	O
named	O
as	O
new	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
OEMs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2014	O
,	O
Huawei	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
dropping	O
support	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
due	O
to	O
low	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
and	O
ZDNet	O
applauded	O
the	O
integration	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
into	O
the	O
People	O
Hub	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
other	O
built-in	O
capabilities	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	B-Application
Live	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
in	O
version	O
8.1	B-Device
the	O
once	O
tight	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
integration	O
was	O
removed	O
so	O
that	O
updates	O
from	O
those	O
social	O
media	O
sites	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
accessed	O
via	O
their	O
respective	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
first	O
months	O
,	O
market	O
specialists	O
were	O
optimistic	O
about	O
its	O
adoption	O
,	O
with	O
IDC	O
forecasting	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
would	O
surpass	O
IPhone	B-Device
by	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.7	O
million	O
smartphones	B-Application
using	O
a	O
Microsoft	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
were	O
sold	O
in	O
Q2	O
2011	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
1.6	O
%	O
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reports	O
for	O
Q2	O
,	O
Q3	O
and	O
Q4	O
of	O
year	O
2011	O
include	O
both	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
and	O
small	O
part	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
marketshare	O
under	O
the	O
same	O
"	O
Microsoft	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
"	O
banner	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
distinction	O
of	O
separating	O
the	O
marketshare	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Nielsen	O
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
had	O
a	O
1.7	O
%	O
market	O
share	O
in	O
Q1	O
2012	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
dropped	O
back	O
to	O
1.3	O
%	O
in	O
Q2	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
,	O
Gartner	O
reported	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
's	O
marketshare	O
jumped	O
to	O
3%	O
in	O
Q4	O
2012	O
,	O
a	O
124%	O
increase	O
over	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
period	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
mid-2012	O
,	O
IDC	O
had	O
suggested	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
might	O
surpass	O
the	O
faltering	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
platform	O
and	O
potentially	O
even	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
iOS	I-Operating_System
,	O
because	O
of	O
Nokia	O
dominance	O
in	O
emerging	O
markets	O
like	O
Asia	O
,	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
and	O
Africa	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
was	O
considered	O
too	O
expensive	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
these	O
regions	O
and	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
OS	I-Application
possibly	O
going	O
to	O
feature	O
a	O
similar	O
fate	O
as	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDC	O
's	O
projections	O
were	O
partially	O
correct	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
Q1	O
2013	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
shipments	O
surpassed	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
shipment	O
volume	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDC	O
had	O
to	O
slash	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
predictions	O
once	O
again	O
,	O
to	O
7	O
percent	O
of	O
total	O
market	O
in	O
2018	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
slow	O
growth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
quarter	O
of	O
2013	O
,	O
Gartner	O
reported	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
holds	O
a	O
worldwide	O
market	O
share	O
of	O
3.6	O
%	O
,	O
up	O
123%	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
period	O
in	O
2012	O
and	O
outpacing	O
Android	B-Application
's	O
rate	O
of	O
growth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Kantar	O
's	O
October	O
2013	O
report	O
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
accounted	O
for	O
10.2	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
smartphone	B-Application
sales	O
in	O
Europe	O
and	O
4.8	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
sales	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
analysts	O
have	O
attributed	O
this	O
spike	O
in	O
sales	O
to	O
both	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
and	O
Nokia	O
's	O
successful	O
push	O
to	O
market	O
low	O
and	O
mid-range	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phones	I-Protocol
like	O
the	O
Lumia	B-Device
520	I-Device
and	O
Lumia	B-Application
620	I-Application
to	O
a	O
younger	O
audience	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gartner	O
reported	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
market	O
share	O
finished	O
2013	O
at	O
3.2	O
%	O
,	O
which	O
while	O
down	O
from	O
the	O
third	O
quarter	O
of	O
2013	O
was	O
still	O
a	O
46.7	O
%	O
improvement	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
period	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDC	O
reported	O
that	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
market	O
share	O
,	O
having	O
peaked	O
in	O
2013	O
at	O
3.4	O
%	O
,	O
had	O
dropped	O
to	O
2.5	O
%	O
by	O
the	O
second	O
quarter	O
of	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
New	O
York	O
Police	O
Department	O
ordered	O
Apple	O
iPhone	B-Device
products	O
to	O
replace	O
its	O
deployment	O
of	O
36,000	O
Lumia	O
830	O
and	O
Lumia	O
640	O
XL	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
devices	O
,	O
partly	O
citing	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
end	O
of	O
support	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
on	O
July	O
11	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
minuscule	O
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
Q3	O
2013	O
,	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
21%	O
of	O
mobile	O
developers	O
use	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
platform	O
,	O
with	O
another	O
35%	O
stating	O
they	O
are	O
interested	O
in	O
adopting	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
reports	O
have	O
indicated	O
that	O
developers	O
may	O
be	O
less	O
interested	O
in	O
developing	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
because	O
of	O
lower	O
ad	O
revenue	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
competing	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
criticism	O
of	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
was	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
applications	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
and	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
well	O
known	O
example	O
was	O
Snapchat	B-Application
,	O
which	O
announced	O
a	O
crackdown	O
on	O
third-party	O
apps	O
of	O
its	O
service	O
and	O
its	O
users	O
in	O
November	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
remove	O
third-party	O
Snapchat	B-Application
apps	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
popular	O
6snap	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
Store	I-Application
a	O
month	O
later	O
,	O
while	O
Snapchat	B-Application
never	O
developed	O
an	O
official	O
app	O
for	O
those	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
petition	O
from	O
users	O
requesting	O
an	O
official	O
Snapchat	B-Application
app	O
reached	O
43,000	O
signatures	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
twice	O
blocked	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
own	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
app	I-General_Concept
for	O
violating	O
its	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
,	O
objecting	O
to	O
the	O
app	O
's	O
ability	O
to	O
download	O
videos	O
and	O
prevent	O
ads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2014	O
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
was	O
losing	O
share	O
and	O
relevance	O
;	O
between	O
that	O
year	O
and	O
2015	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
developers	O
were	O
backing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
platform	O
and	O
retiring	O
apps	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
low	O
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
high-profile	O
apps	O
were	O
discontinued	O
by	O
2015	O
such	O
as	O
American	O
Airlines	O
,	O
NBC	O
,	O
Pinterest	B-Application
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
