<s>
Windows	B-Device
Display	I-Device
Driver	I-Device
Model	I-Device
(	O
WDDM	B-Device
)	O
is	O
the	O
graphic	O
driver	O
architecture	O
for	O
video	B-Device
card	I-Device
drivers	B-Application
running	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
versions	O
beginning	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
previous	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
display	O
driver	O
model	O
XDDM/XPDM	O
and	O
is	O
aimed	O
at	O
enabling	O
better	O
performance	O
graphics	O
and	O
new	O
graphics	O
functionality	O
and	O
stability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Display	O
drivers	B-Application
in	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
can	O
choose	O
to	O
either	O
adhere	O
to	O
WDDM	B-Device
or	O
to	O
XDDM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
XDDM	O
from	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
,	O
however	O
,	O
WDDM	B-Device
became	O
the	O
only	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
provides	O
the	O
functionality	O
required	O
to	O
render	O
the	O
desktop	O
and	O
applications	O
using	O
Desktop	O
Window	B-Application
Manager	I-Application
,	O
a	O
compositing	B-Operating_System
window	I-Operating_System
manager	I-Operating_System
running	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
Direct3D	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
supports	O
new	O
DXGI	B-Device
interfaces	O
required	O
for	O
basic	O
device	O
management	O
and	O
creation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WDDM	B-Device
specification	O
requires	O
at	O
least	O
Direct3D	B-Application
9-capable	O
video	B-Device
card	I-Device
and	O
the	O
display	O
driver	O
must	O
implement	O
the	O
device	B-Application
driver	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
for	O
the	O
Direct3D	B-Application
9Ex	O
runtime	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
run	O
legacy	O
Direct3D	B-Application
applications	O
;	O
it	O
may	O
optionally	O
implement	O
runtime	O
interfaces	O
for	O
Direct3D	B-Application
10	O
and	O
higher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
drivers	B-Application
enable	O
new	O
areas	O
of	O
functionality	O
which	O
were	O
not	O
uniformly	O
provided	O
by	O
earlier	O
display	O
driver	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
graphics	O
,	O
virtualization	O
means	O
that	O
individual	O
processes	B-Operating_System
(	O
in	O
user	O
mode	O
)	O
cannot	O
see	O
the	O
memory	O
of	O
adjacent	O
processes	B-Operating_System
even	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
insertion	O
of	O
forged	O
commands	O
in	O
the	O
command	O
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
drivers	B-Application
allow	O
video	O
memory	O
to	O
be	O
virtualized	O
,	O
and	O
video	O
data	O
to	O
be	O
paged	B-Architecture
out	I-Architecture
of	O
video	O
memory	O
into	O
system	O
RAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Virtualization	O
could	O
be	O
supported	O
on	O
previous	O
driver	O
models	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
XP	B-Application
Driver	O
Model	O
)	O
to	O
some	O
extent	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
the	O
responsibility	O
of	O
the	O
driver	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
being	O
handled	O
at	O
the	O
runtime	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
list	O
of	O
commands	O
is	O
put	O
in	O
a	O
queue	O
for	O
execution	O
by	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
preempted	O
by	O
the	O
runtime	O
if	O
a	O
more	O
critical	O
task	O
arrives	O
and	O
if	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
begun	O
execution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
hybrid	B-Protocol
scheduling	I-Protocol
algorithm	O
between	O
native	O
and	O
light	O
threads	O
with	O
cooperation	O
between	O
the	O
threads	O
would	O
achieve	O
seamless	O
parallelism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
attempts	O
to	O
unify	O
the	O
experience	O
across	O
different	O
vendors	O
by	O
controlling	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
GPU	B-Architecture
tasks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Direct3D	B-Application
graphics	O
surface	O
is	O
the	O
memory	O
area	O
that	O
contains	O
information	O
about	O
the	O
textured	O
meshes	B-Algorithm
used	O
for	O
rendering	O
a	O
2D	O
or	O
3D	O
scene	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
allows	O
Direct3D	B-Application
surfaces	O
to	O
be	O
shared	O
across	O
processes	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
an	O
application	O
can	O
incorporate	O
a	O
mesh	B-Algorithm
created	O
by	O
another	O
application	O
into	O
the	O
scene	O
it	O
is	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sharing	O
textures	O
between	O
processes	B-Operating_System
before	O
WDDM	B-Device
was	O
difficult	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
required	O
copying	O
the	O
data	O
from	O
video	O
memory	O
to	O
system	O
memory	O
and	O
then	O
back	O
to	O
video	O
memory	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
a	O
WDDM	B-Device
driver	O
hangs	O
or	O
encounters	O
a	O
fault	O
,	O
the	O
graphics	O
stack	O
will	O
restart	O
the	O
driver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Drivers	B-Application
under	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
were	O
free	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
hardware	O
faults	O
as	O
they	O
saw	O
fit	O
either	O
by	O
reporting	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
or	O
by	O
attempting	O
to	O
recover	O
silently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
some	O
cases	O
when	O
the	O
display	O
driver	O
can	O
be	O
safely	O
stopped	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
may	O
instead	O
alert	O
about	O
the	O
display	O
driver	O
crash	O
,	O
while	O
also	O
disabling	O
the	O
video	O
driver	O
,	O
thus	O
switching	O
down	O
the	O
screen	O
resolution	O
to	O
640x480	O
with	O
only	O
16	O
colors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
a	O
WDDM	B-Device
driver	O
,	O
the	O
screen	O
resolution	O
will	O
most	O
likely	O
be	O
unaffected	O
;	O
all	O
hardware	O
faults	O
cause	O
the	O
driver	O
to	O
be	O
reset	O
and	O
the	O
user	O
will	O
be	O
notified	O
by	O
a	O
popup	O
;	O
this	O
unifies	O
the	O
behavior	O
across	O
vendors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Previous	O
drivers	B-Application
were	O
fully	O
implemented	O
in	O
kernel	O
mode	O
,	O
whereas	O
WDDM	B-Device
is	O
implemented	O
partly	O
in	O
user	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
also	O
allows	O
the	O
graphics	O
hardware	O
to	O
be	O
reset	O
and	O
users	O
to	O
update	O
drivers	B-Application
without	O
requiring	O
a	O
reboot	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
as	O
of	O
2009	O
,	O
only	O
about	O
1	O
–	O
2	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
hardware	O
running	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
used	O
the	O
XDDM	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
rest	O
already	O
WDDM	B-Device
capable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
requires	O
some	O
other	O
hardware	O
features	O
;	O
consequently	O
some	O
SM	O
2.0-supporting	O
hardware	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
GMA	I-Device
900	O
fails	O
the	O
WDDM	B-Device
certification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
WDDM	B-Device
driver	O
model	O
version	O
1.0	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
multiple	O
drivers	B-Application
in	O
a	O
multi-adapter	O
,	O
multi-monitor	O
setup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
a	O
multi-monitor	O
system	O
has	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
graphics	B-Device
adapter	I-Device
powering	O
the	O
monitors	O
,	O
both	O
the	O
adaptors	O
must	O
use	O
the	O
same	O
WDDM	B-Device
driver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
driver	O
is	O
used	O
,	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
will	O
disable	O
one	O
of	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
1.1	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
this	O
limitation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
1.0/1.1	O
does	O
not	O
allow	O
some	O
modes	O
that	O
were	O
previously	O
handled	O
by	O
the	O
driver	O
such	O
as	O
spanning	O
mode	O
(	O
stretching	O
the	O
desktop	O
across	O
two	O
monitors	O
)	O
although	O
Dual	O
View	O
is	O
still	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
chief	O
scenarios	O
the	O
Windows	B-Device
Display	I-Device
Driver	I-Device
Model	I-Device
enables	O
is	O
the	O
Desktop	O
Window	B-Application
Manager	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
desktop	O
and	O
application	O
windows	B-Operating_System
managed	O
by	O
DWM	O
are	O
Direct3D	B-Application
applications	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
open	O
windows	B-Operating_System
directly	O
affects	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
video	O
memory	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
limit	O
on	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
open	O
windows	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
video	O
memory	O
available	O
may	O
prove	O
insufficient	O
,	O
necessitating	O
virtualization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
window	O
contents	O
that	O
DWM	O
composes	O
into	O
the	O
final	O
desktop	O
are	O
generated	O
by	O
different	O
processes	B-Operating_System
,	O
cross-process	O
surface	O
sharing	O
is	O
necessary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
because	O
there	O
can	O
be	O
other	O
DirectX	O
applications	O
running	O
alongside	O
DWM	O
on	O
the	O
DWM-managed	O
desktop	O
,	O
they	O
must	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
access	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
in	O
a	O
shared	O
manner	O
,	O
necessitating	O
scheduling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
this	O
is	O
true	O
for	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
implementation	O
of	O
a	O
composited	O
desktop	O
under	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
a	O
composited	O
desktop	O
need	O
not	O
theoretically	O
require	O
a	O
new	O
display	O
driver	O
model	O
to	O
work	O
as	O
expected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Successful	O
implementations	O
of	O
composited	O
desktops	O
were	O
done	O
before	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
on	O
other	O
platforms	O
such	O
as	O
Quartz	B-Operating_System
,	O
Compiz	B-Language
,	O
WindowFX	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
approach	O
Microsoft	O
attempted	O
was	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
make	O
sure	O
WDDM	B-Device
was	O
a	O
unified	O
experience	O
across	O
different	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
from	O
multiple	O
vendors	O
by	O
standardizing	O
their	O
features	O
and	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
introduced	O
WDDM	B-Device
1.0	O
as	O
a	O
new	O
display	O
driver	O
architecture	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
better	O
performing	O
,	O
more	O
reliable	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
new	O
technologies	O
including	O
HDCP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hybrid	O
Sleep	O
,	O
which	O
combines	O
hibernation	O
and	O
sleep	O
mode	O
functionality	O
for	O
enhanced	O
stability	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
power	O
failure	O
,	O
also	O
requires	O
WDDM	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
supports	O
major	O
additions	O
to	O
WDDM	B-Device
known	O
as	O
WDDM	B-Device
1.1	O
;	O
the	O
details	O
of	O
this	O
new	O
version	O
were	O
unveiled	O
at	O
WinHEC	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	O
acceleration	O
of	O
GDI	B-Operating_System
and	O
Direct2D/DirectWrite	O
operations	O
helps	O
reduce	O
memory	O
footprint	O
in	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
,	O
because	O
DWM	O
compositing	B-Operating_System
engine	O
no	O
longer	O
needs	O
to	O
keep	O
a	O
system	O
memory	O
copy	O
of	O
all	O
surfaces	O
used	O
by	O
GDI/GDI	O
+	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
DXGI	B-Device
1.1	O
,	O
Direct3D	B-Application
11	O
,	O
Direct2D	B-Library
,	O
and	O
DirectWrite	O
were	O
made	O
available	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
Platform	O
Update	O
;	O
however	O
GDI/GDI	O
+	O
in	O
Vista	B-Application
continues	O
to	O
rely	O
on	O
software	O
rendering	O
and	O
the	O
Desktop	O
Window	B-Application
Manager	I-Application
continues	O
to	O
use	O
Direct3D	B-Application
9Ex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
1.1	O
drivers	B-Application
are	O
backward	O
compatible	O
with	O
WDDM	B-Device
1.0	O
specification	O
;	O
both	O
1.0	O
and	O
1.1	O
drivers	B-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
with	O
or	O
without	O
the	O
Platform	O
Update	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
1.2	O
and	O
DXGI	B-Device
1.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
features	O
were	O
first	O
previewed	O
at	O
the	O
Build	O
2011	O
conference	O
and	O
include	O
performance	O
improvements	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
support	O
for	O
stereoscopic	B-Algorithm
3D	I-Algorithm
rendering	O
and	O
video	O
playback	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
major	O
features	O
include	O
preemptive	O
multitasking	O
of	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
with	O
finer	O
granularity	O
(	O
DMA	O
buffer	O
,	O
primitive	O
,	O
triangle	O
,	O
pixel	O
,	O
or	O
instruction-level	O
)	O
,	O
reduced	O
memory	O
footprint	O
,	O
improved	O
resource	O
sharing	O
,	O
and	O
faster	O
timeout	B-Application
detection	I-Application
and	I-Application
recovery	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
16-bit	O
color	O
surface	O
formats	O
(	O
565	O
,	O
5551	O
,	O
4444	O
)	O
are	O
mandatory	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Direct3D	B-Application
11	O
Video	O
supports	O
YUV	O
4:4:4/4:2:2/4:2:0/4:1:1	O
video	O
formats	O
with	O
8	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
and	O
16-bit	O
precision	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
4	O
and	O
8-bit	O
palettized	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
1.2	O
supports	O
display-only	O
and	O
render-only	O
WDDM	B-Device
drivers	B-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
Microsoft	O
Basic	O
Display	O
Driver	O
and	O
WARP-based	O
Microsoft	O
Basic	O
Render	O
Driver	O
which	O
replaced	O
kernel-mode	O
VGA	B-Protocol
driver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
1.0/1.1	O
only	O
allows	O
rudimentary	O
task	O
scheduling	O
using	O
"	O
batch	O
queue	O
"	O
granularity	O
;	O
improvements	O
to	O
multitasking	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
fast	O
context	O
switching	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
virtual	B-Architecture
memory	I-Architecture
,	O
were	O
initially	O
expected	O
in	O
versions	O
tentatively	O
named	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.0	O
and	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.1	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
announced	O
at	O
WinHEC	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Device
8.1	I-Device
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
1.3	O
and	O
DXGI	B-Device
1.3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
additions	O
include	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
trim	O
DXGI	B-Device
adapter	O
memory	O
usage	O
,	O
multi-plane	O
overlays	O
,	O
overlapping	O
swap	O
chains	O
and	O
swap	O
chain	O
scaling	O
,	O
select	O
backbuffer	O
subregion	O
for	O
swap	O
chain	O
and	O
lower-latency	O
swap	O
chain	O
presentation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Driver	O
feature	O
additions	O
include	O
wireless	O
displays	O
(	O
Miracast	O
)	O
,	O
YUV	O
format	O
ranges	O
,	O
cross-adapter	O
resources	O
and	O
GPU	B-Architecture
engine	O
enumeration	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.0	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
dramatically	O
reduce	O
workload	O
on	O
the	O
kernel-mode	O
driver	O
for	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
that	O
support	O
virtual	B-Architecture
memory	I-Architecture
addressing	O
,	O
to	O
allow	O
multithreading	O
parallelism	O
in	O
the	O
user-mode	O
driver	O
and	O
result	O
in	O
lower	O
CPU	O
utilization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
also	O
includes	O
DXGI	B-Device
1.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
API	O
,	O
announced	O
at	O
Build	O
2014	O
,	O
requires	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
display	O
driver	O
model	O
from	O
Windows	B-Device
8.1	I-Device
and	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Phone	O
have	O
converged	O
into	O
a	O
unified	O
model	O
for	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
new	O
memory	O
model	O
is	O
implemented	O
that	O
gives	O
each	O
GPU	B-Architecture
a	O
per-process	O
virtual	B-Application
address	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IHVs	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
develop	O
new	O
hardware	O
that	O
supports	O
virtual	B-Application
addressing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Anniversary	O
Update	O
(	O
version	O
1607	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.1	O
,	O
which	O
supports	O
Shader	O
Model	O
6.0	O
(	O
mandatory	O
for	O
feature	O
levels	O
12_0	O
and	O
12_1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
DXGI	B-Device
1.5	O
which	O
supports	O
HDR10	O
-	O
a	O
10-bit	O
high	O
dynamic	O
range	O
,	O
wide	O
gamut	O
format	O
defined	O
by	O
ITU-T	O
Rec	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Creators	O
Update	O
(	O
version	O
1703	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.2	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
tailored	O
for	O
virtual	B-Application
,	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
and	O
mixed	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
with	O
stereoscopic	B-Algorithm
rendering	I-Algorithm
for	O
the	O
Windows	B-General_Concept
Mixed	I-General_Concept
Reality	I-General_Concept
platform	O
,	O
and	O
DXGI	B-Device
1.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Fall	O
Creators	O
Update	O
(	O
version	O
1709	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
new	O
features	O
for	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Display	O
driver	O
development	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
,	O
version	O
1709	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
April	O
2018	O
Update	O
(	O
version	O
1803	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Updates	O
to	O
display	O
driver	O
development	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
version	O
1803	O
include	O
the	O
following	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indirect	O
Display	O
UMDF	O
class	O
extension	O
,	O
the	O
driver	O
can	O
pass	O
the	O
SRM	O
to	O
the	O
rendering	O
GPU	B-Architecture
and	O
have	O
a	O
mechanism	O
to	O
query	O
the	O
SRM	O
version	O
being	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IOMMU	O
hardware-based	O
GPU	B-Architecture
isolation	O
support	O
,	O
increasing	O
security	O
by	O
restricting	O
GPU	B-Architecture
access	O
to	O
system	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GPU	B-Architecture
paravirtualization	O
support	O
,	O
enabling	O
display	O
drivers	B-Application
to	O
provide	O
rendering	O
capabilities	O
to	O
Hyper-V	O
virtualized	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tiled	O
resource	O
tier	O
and	O
LDA	O
atomics	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
cross	O
node	O
sharing	O
tier	O
to	O
add	O
support	O
for	O
atomic	O
shader	O
instructions	O
working	O
across	O
linked	O
adapter	O
(	O
LDA	O
)	O
nodes	O
,	O
allowing	O
to	O
implement	O
multiple	O
GPU	B-Architecture
rendering	O
techniques	O
like	O
split	O
frame	O
rendering	O
(	O
SFR	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GPU	B-Architecture
dithering	O
support	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
to	O
explicitly	O
request	O
dithering	O
in	O
scenarios	O
where	O
a	O
higher	O
effective	O
bit	O
depth	O
is	O
needed	O
than	O
is	O
physically	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
monitor	O
link	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
for	O
HDR10	O
over	O
HDMI	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DisplayID	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
DDI	O
,	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
VESA	O
's	O
DisplayID	O
descriptor	O
to	O
be	O
queried	O
from	O
a	O
display	O
controlled	O
by	O
a	O
graphics	B-Device
adapter	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
GPU	B-Architecture
performance	O
data	O
,	O
an	O
extension	O
to	O
expose	O
information	O
about	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
hardware	O
such	O
as	O
temperature	O
,	O
fan	O
speed	O
,	O
clock	O
speeds	O
for	O
engines	O
and	O
memory	O
,	O
memory	O
bandwidth	O
,	O
power	O
draw	O
,	O
and	O
voltages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Improvements	O
to	O
External/Removable	O
GPU	B-Architecture
support	O
in	O
the	O
OS	O
,	O
providing	O
better	O
support	O
to	O
detachable	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Display	O
Diagnostics	O
,	O
with	O
Kernel	O
mode	O
device	B-Application
driver	I-Application
interface	I-Application
changes	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
driver	O
for	O
a	O
display	O
controller	O
to	O
report	O
diagnostic	O
events	O
to	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shared	O
graphics	O
power	O
components	O
,	O
allowing	O
non-graphics	O
drivers	B-Application
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
power	O
management	O
of	O
a	O
graphics	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shared	O
texture	O
improvements	O
,	O
increasing	O
the	O
types	O
of	O
textures	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
shared	O
across	O
processes	B-Operating_System
and	O
Direct3D	B-Application
devices	O
,	O
adding	O
support	O
to	O
monochrome	O
with	O
minimal	O
memory	O
copying	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
October	O
2018	O
Update	O
(	O
Version	O
1809	O
)	O
Includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Updates	O
to	O
Display	O
driver	O
development	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
,	O
version	O
1809	O
include	O
the	O
following	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Raytracing	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
support	O
hardware-accelerated	O
raytracing	O
in	O
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Universal	O
Driver	O
Requirements	O
,	O
drivers	B-Application
will	O
need	O
to	O
ensure	O
their	O
DirectX	O
11	O
and	O
DirectX12	O
user-mode	O
drivers	B-Application
and	O
kernel	O
mode	O
drivers	B-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
other	O
DLL	O
loaded	O
by	O
these	O
components	O
,	O
adhere	O
to	O
the	O
Universal	O
API	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Render	O
Pass	O
,	O
introducing	O
render	O
pass	O
concept	O
in	O
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
,	O
adding	O
new	O
APIs	O
to	O
be	O
run	O
on	O
existing	O
drivers	B-Application
and	O
allow	O
user	O
mode	O
drivers	B-Application
to	O
choose	O
optimal	O
rendering	O
path	O
without	O
heavy	O
CPU	O
penalty	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
version	O
1903	O
and	O
newer	O
meta-commands	O
and	O
DirectML	O
are	O
a	O
stable	O
part	O
of	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
SDR	O
White	O
Level	O
,	O
to	O
let	O
the	O
graphics	O
drivers	B-Application
know	O
the	O
SDR	O
white	O
level	O
value	O
that	O
is	O
being	O
applied	O
by	O
the	O
OS	O
compositor	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
SDR	O
content	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
display	O
which	O
is	O
running	O
in	O
HDR	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tracked	O
Workloads	O
was	O
also	O
added	O
as	O
an	O
experimental	O
feature	O
to	O
better	O
control	O
the	O
trade-off	O
between	O
quicker	O
processor	O
execution	O
and	O
lower	O
power	O
consumption	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
removed	O
from	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
version	O
2004	O
and	O
deprecated	O
from	O
earlier	O
OS	O
versions	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
security	O
fix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
May	O
2019	O
Update	O
(	O
Version	O
1903	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Updates	O
to	O
display	O
driver	O
development	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
version	O
1903	O
include	O
the	O
following	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Super	O
Wet	O
Ink	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
textures	O
in	O
formats	O
and	O
modes	O
the	O
IHVs	O
does	O
n't	O
natively	O
support	O
,	O
resolving	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
resource	O
projection	O
to	O
a	O
format	O
the	O
hardware/drivers	O
natively	O
support	O
,	O
allowing	O
internal	O
drivers	B-Application
optimizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Collect	O
Diagnostic	O
Info	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
to	O
collect	O
a	O
private	O
data	O
from	O
drivers	B-Application
for	O
both	O
rendering	O
and	O
display	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
new	O
feature	O
is	O
a	O
requirement	O
in	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Background	O
Processing	O
,	O
allowing	O
user	O
mode	O
drivers	B-Application
to	O
express	O
desired	O
threading	O
behavior	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
runtime	O
to	O
control/monitor	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
May	O
2020	O
Update	O
(	O
Version	O
2004	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Updates	O
to	O
display	O
driver	O
development	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
version	O
2004	O
include	O
the	O
following	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware-accelerated	O
GPU	B-Architecture
scheduling	O
:	O
masked	O
as	O
an	O
additional	O
option	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
settings	O
,	O
when	O
enabled	O
offloads	O
high-frequency	O
tasks	O
to	O
a	O
dedicated	O
GPU-based	O
scheduling	O
processor	O
,	O
reducing	O
CPU	O
scheduling	O
overhead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mesh	B-Algorithm
and	O
Amplification	O
Shaders	O
Stages	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
optional	O
geometry	O
pipeline	O
replacing	O
the	O
traditional	O
pipeline	O
(	O
Input	O
Assembler-Vertex-Hull-Tesselator-Domain-Geometry	O
and	O
Stream	O
Output	O
stages	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Direct3D	B-Application
9	O
resource	O
interop	O
,	O
allowing	O
projecting	O
a	O
Direct3D	B-Application
9	O
resource	O
on	O
a	O
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
Video	O
Protected	O
Resource	O
support	O
,	O
allowing	O
play	O
protected	O
content	O
in	O
a	O
Direct3D	B-Application
12	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Insider	O
Preview	O
Manganese	O
included	O
WDDM	B-Device
2.8	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
driver	O
was	O
ever	O
publicly	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
support	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
skipped	O
for	O
"	O
Iron	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
Cobalt	O
"	O
development	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WDDM	B-Device
2.9	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Insider	O
Preview	O
"	O
Iron	O
"	O
will	O
bring	O
support	O
for	O
GPU	B-Architecture
hardware	O
acceleration	O
to	O
the	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Subsystem	O
for	O
Linux	O
2	O
(	O
WSL	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
feature	O
level	O
12_2	O
and	O
HLSL	O
Shader	O
Model	O
6.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
11	O
RTM	O
Final	O
Retail	O
release	O
(	O
version	O
21H2	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
3.0	O
,	O
which	O
improves	O
graphics	O
architecture	O
in	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
Subsystem	O
for	O
Linux	O
adding	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
11	O
2022	O
Update	O
(	O
version	O
22H2	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
3.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Operating_System
11	O
Insider	O
Preview	O
builds	O
25xxx	O
(	O
version	O
23H2	O
)	O
includes	O
WDDM	B-Device
3.2	O
.	O
</s>
