<s>
On	O
Wikipedia	O
,	O
trusted	O
users	O
may	O
be	O
appointed	O
as	O
administrators	B-Application
(	O
also	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
admins	O
,	O
sysops	O
or	O
janitors	O
)	O
,	O
following	O
a	O
successful	O
request	O
for	O
adminship	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
administrators	B-Application
on	O
the	O
English	O
Wikipedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Administrators	B-Application
have	O
additional	O
technical	O
privileges	O
compared	O
with	O
other	O
editors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
protect	O
and	O
delete	O
pages	O
and	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
block	O
users	O
from	O
editing	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Wikipedia	O
,	O
becoming	O
an	O
administrator	B-Application
is	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
"	O
being	O
given	O
[	O
or	O
taking	O
up ]	O
the	O
mop	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
term	O
which	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
elsewhere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2006	O
,	O
The	O
New	O
York	O
Times	O
reported	O
that	O
administrators	B-Application
on	I-Application
Wikipedia	I-Application
,	O
of	O
whom	O
there	O
were	O
then	O
about	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
,	O
were	O
"	O
geographically	O
diverse	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2012	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
widely	O
reported	O
that	O
Wikipedia	O
was	O
"	O
running	O
out	O
of	O
administrators	B-Application
"	O
,	O
because	O
in	O
2005	O
and	O
2006	O
,	O
40	O
to	O
50	O
people	O
were	O
often	O
appointed	O
administrators	B-Application
each	O
month	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
2012	O
,	O
only	O
nine	O
in	O
total	O
were	O
appointed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
his	O
2008	O
book	O
Wikipedia	O
:	O
The	O
Missing	O
Manual	O
,	O
John	O
Broughton	O
states	O
that	O
while	O
many	O
people	O
think	O
of	O
administrators	B-Application
on	I-Application
Wikipedia	I-Application
as	O
judges	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
role	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wikipedia	B-Application
administrators	I-Application
are	O
not	O
employees	O
or	O
agents	O
of	O
the	O
Wikimedia	O
Foundation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
first	O
Wikipedia	B-Application
administrators	I-Application
were	O
appointed	O
by	O
Jimmy	O
Wales	O
in	O
October	O
2001	O
,	O
administrator	B-Application
privileges	O
on	O
Wikipedia	O
are	O
now	O
granted	O
through	O
a	O
process	O
known	O
as	O
requests	O
for	O
adminship	O
(	O
RfA	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
process	O
has	O
been	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
"	O
akin	O
to	O
putting	O
someone	O
through	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
"	O
by	O
Andrew	O
Lih	O
,	O
a	O
scientist	O
and	O
professor	O
who	O
is	O
himself	O
an	O
administrator	B-Application
on	O
the	O
English	O
Wikipedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
any	O
editor	O
may	O
vote	O
in	O
an	O
RfA	O
,	O
the	O
outcome	O
is	O
not	O
determined	O
by	O
a	O
majority	O
vote	O
,	O
but	O
rather	O
by	O
whether	O
consensus	O
has	O
been	O
reached	O
that	O
the	O
candidate	O
would	O
make	O
a	O
good	O
administrator	B-Application
,	O
a	O
decision	O
that	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
made	O
by	O
a	O
bureaucrat	O
,	O
a	O
Wikipedia	O
editor	O
who	O
is	O
also	O
appointed	O
by	O
the	O
community	O
through	O
a	O
"	O
request	O
"	O
process	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
process	O
is	O
much	O
stricter	O
for	O
them	O
than	O
for	O
administrators	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
granted	O
administrator	B-Application
privileges	O
,	O
a	O
user	O
has	O
access	O
to	O
additional	O
functions	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
perform	O
certain	O
duties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Blocking	O
a	O
user	O
must	O
be	O
done	O
according	O
to	O
Wikipedia	O
's	O
policies	O
and	O
a	O
reason	O
must	O
be	O
stated	O
for	O
the	O
block	O
,	O
which	O
will	O
be	O
permanently	O
logged	B-Application
by	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
2013	O
scientific	O
paper	O
by	O
researchers	O
from	O
Virginia	O
Tech	O
and	O
Rensselaer	O
Polytechnic	O
Institute	O
found	O
that	O
after	O
editors	O
are	O
promoted	O
to	O
administrator	B-Application
status	O
,	O
they	O
often	O
focus	O
more	O
on	O
articles	O
about	O
controversial	O
topics	O
than	O
they	O
did	O
before	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
researchers	O
also	O
proposed	O
an	O
alternative	O
method	O
for	O
choosing	O
administrators	B-Application
,	O
in	O
which	O
more	O
weight	O
is	O
given	O
to	O
the	O
votes	O
of	O
experienced	O
editors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
similar	O
study	O
was	O
published	O
by	O
researchers	O
from	O
the	O
Polish-Japanese	O
Institute	O
of	O
Information	O
Technology	O
in	O
Warsaw	B-Application
,	O
which	O
aimed	O
to	O
model	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
requests	O
for	O
adminship	O
on	O
the	O
Polish	O
Wikipedia	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
derived	O
from	O
Wikipedia	O
's	O
edit	O
history	O
.	O
</s>
