<s>
In	O
Unix	B-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
the	O
term	O
wheel	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
account	O
with	O
a	O
wheel	O
bit	O
,	O
a	O
system	O
setting	O
that	O
provides	O
additional	O
special	O
system	O
privileges	O
that	O
empower	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
execute	O
restricted	O
commands	O
that	O
ordinary	O
user	O
accounts	O
cannot	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
wheel	O
was	O
first	O
applied	O
to	O
computer	O
user	O
privilege	O
levels	O
after	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
TENEX	B-Operating_System
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
later	O
distributed	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
TOPS-20	B-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
1960s	O
and	O
early	O
1970s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
1980s	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
was	O
imported	O
into	O
Unix	B-Application
culture	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
migration	O
of	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
developers	O
and	O
users	O
from	O
TENEX/TOPS	O
-20	O
to	O
Unix	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modern	O
Unix	B-Application
systems	I-Application
generally	O
use	O
user	B-Application
groups	I-Application
as	O
a	O
security	O
protocol	O
to	O
control	O
access	O
privileges	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
wheel	B-Operating_System
group	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
special	O
user	O
group	O
used	O
on	O
some	O
Unix	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
mostly	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
systems	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
su	B-Device
or	O
sudo	B-Device
command	B-Application
,	O
which	O
allows	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
masquerade	O
as	O
another	O
user	O
(	O
usually	O
the	O
super	B-Application
user	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Debian-like	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
create	O
a	O
group	O
called	O
sudo	B-Device
with	O
purpose	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
a	O
wheel	B-Operating_System
group	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
phrase	O
wheel	B-Operating_System
war	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
originated	O
at	O
Stanford	O
University	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
term	O
used	O
in	O
computer	O
culture	O
,	O
first	O
documented	O
in	O
the	O
1983	O
version	O
of	O
The	O
Jargon	O
File	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
'	O
wheel	B-Operating_System
war	I-Operating_System
 '	O
was	O
a	O
user	O
conflict	O
in	O
a	O
multi-user	B-Operating_System
(	O
see	O
also	O
:	O
multiseat	B-Operating_System
)	O
computer	O
system	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
students	O
with	O
administrative	B-Application
privileges	I-Application
would	O
attempt	O
to	O
lock	O
each	O
other	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
university	O
's	O
computer	O
system	O
,	O
sometimes	O
causing	O
unintentional	O
harm	O
to	O
other	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
