<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
testing	O
and	O
verifying	O
that	O
end-users	O
can	O
interact	O
with	O
a	O
website	O
or	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
as	O
expected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
are	O
often	O
used	O
by	O
businesses	O
to	O
ensure	O
website	O
uptime	B-Device
,	O
performance	O
,	O
and	O
functionality	O
is	O
as	O
expected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
companies	O
provide	O
organizations	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
consistently	O
monitor	O
a	O
website	O
or	O
server	O
function	O
and	O
observe	O
how	O
it	O
responds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
monitoring	O
is	O
often	O
conducted	O
from	O
several	O
locations	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
to	O
a	O
specific	O
website	O
,	O
or	O
server	O
,	O
to	O
detect	O
issues	O
related	O
to	O
general	O
Internet	B-Protocol
latency	I-Protocol
,	O
and	B-Protocol
network	I-Protocol
hop	I-Protocol
issues	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
prevent	O
false	O
positives	O
caused	O
by	O
local	O
or	O
inter-connect	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
an	O
error	O
is	O
detected	O
monitoring	O
services	O
send	O
out	O
alerts	O
via	O
email	O
,	O
SMS	O
,	O
phone	O
,	O
SNMP	B-Protocol
trap	O
,	O
a	O
pager	O
that	O
may	O
include	O
diagnostic	O
information	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
network	O
traceroute	B-Protocol
,	O
code	O
capture	O
of	O
a	O
web	O
page	O
's	O
HTML	O
file	O
,	O
a	O
screenshot	O
of	O
a	O
webpage	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
a	O
video	O
of	O
a	O
website	O
failing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Monitoring	O
can	O
cover	O
many	O
things	O
that	O
an	O
application	O
needs	O
to	O
function	O
,	O
like	O
network	O
connectivity	O
,	O
Domain	B-Protocol
Name	I-Protocol
System	I-Protocol
records	O
,	O
database	O
connectivity	O
,	O
bandwidth	O
,	O
and	O
computer	O
resources	O
like	O
free	O
RAM	B-Architecture
,	O
CPU	O
load	O
,	O
disk	O
space	O
,	O
events	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commonly	O
measured	O
metrics	O
are	O
response	B-Application
time	I-Application
and	O
availability	O
(	O
or	O
uptime	B-Device
)	O
,	O
but	O
consistency	O
and	O
reliability	O
metrics	O
are	O
gaining	O
popularity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
also	O
helps	O
benchmark	O
the	O
website	O
against	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
a	O
competitor	O
to	O
help	O
determine	O
how	O
well	O
a	O
site	O
is	O
performing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	O
speed	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
metric	O
for	O
search	B-Application
engine	I-Application
rankings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
hold	O
web	O
hosting	O
providers	O
accountable	O
for	O
their	O
service-level	O
agreements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
web	O
hosts	O
offer	O
a	O
99.9	O
%	O
uptime	B-Device
guarantee	O
and	O
when	O
uptime	B-Device
is	O
less	O
than	O
that	O
,	O
individuals	O
can	O
be	O
refunded	O
for	O
the	O
excessive	O
downtime	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
paid	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
services	O
will	O
also	O
offer	O
security	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
virus	O
and	O
malware	O
scanning	O
which	O
is	O
of	O
growing	O
importance	O
as	O
websites	O
become	O
more	O
complicated	O
and	O
integral	O
to	O
the	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
can	O
be	O
done	O
from	O
both	O
inside	O
and	O
outside	O
of	O
a	O
corporate	O
firewall	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Traditional	O
network	O
management	O
solutions	O
focus	O
on	O
inside	O
the	O
firewall	B-Application
monitoring	O
,	O
whereas	O
external	O
performance	O
monitoring	O
will	O
test	O
and	O
monitor	O
performance	O
issues	O
across	O
the	O
Internet	B-General_Concept
backbone	I-General_Concept
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
all	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
end-user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Third-party	O
website	O
performance	O
monitoring	O
solutions	O
can	O
monitor	O
internal	O
(	O
behind	O
the	O
firewall	B-Application
)	O
,	O
external	O
(	O
customer-facing	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
cloud-based	O
Web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
service	O
can	O
check	O
other	O
internet	O
protocols	O
besides	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
pages	O
and	O
HTTPS	B-Protocol
such	O
as	O
FTP	B-Protocol
,	O
SMTP	B-Protocol
,	O
POP3	B-Protocol
,	O
ActiveSync	O
,	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
,	O
DNS	B-Protocol
,	O
SSH	B-Protocol
,	O
Telnet	B-Protocol
,	O
SSL	B-Protocol
,	O
TCP	B-Protocol
,	O
PING	B-Protocol
,	O
UDP	O
,	O
SOAP	O
,	O
Domain	O
Name	O
Expiry	O
,	O
SSL	B-Protocol
Certificate	O
Expiry	O
and	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
ports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
most	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
services	O
test	O
a	O
server	O
,	O
or	O
application	O
,	O
between	O
a	O
once-per-hour	O
per	O
once-per-minute	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advanced	O
monitoring	O
services	O
capture	O
browser	O
interactions	O
with	O
websites	O
using	O
macro	O
recorders	O
,	O
or	O
browser	O
add-ons	O
such	O
as	O
Selenium	B-Library
or	O
iMacros	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Browser-driven	O
monitoring	O
services	O
detect	O
not	O
only	O
network	O
and	O
server	O
issues	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
webpage	O
object	O
issues	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
slow	O
loading	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
or	O
third-party	O
hosted	O
page	O
elements	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Implementation	O
of	O
time	O
performance	O
monitoring	O
for	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
HTTP	I-Application
Server	I-Application
is	O
the	O
mod_arm4	O
module	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
of	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
(	O
typically	O
network	O
administrators	O
,	O
webmasters	O
,	O
web	O
operations	O
personnel	O
)	O
may	O
monitor	O
a	O
single	O
page	O
of	O
a	O
website	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
also	O
monitor	O
a	O
complete	O
business	O
process	O
(	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
multi-step	O
transactions	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
services	O
usually	O
have	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
servers	O
around	O
the	O
globe	O
–	O
South	O
America	O
,	O
Africa	O
,	O
North	O
America	O
,	O
Europe	O
,	O
Africa	O
,	O
Asia	O
,	O
Australia	O
and	O
other	O
locations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
having	O
multiple	O
servers	O
in	O
different	O
geographic	O
locations	O
,	O
a	O
monitoring	O
service	O
can	O
determine	O
if	O
a	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
is	O
available	O
across	O
continents	O
over	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
different	O
levels	O
of	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
,	O
the	O
more	O
complex	O
your	O
website	O
,	O
the	O
more	O
complex	O
your	O
monitoring	O
needs	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
information	O
brought	O
by	O
website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
services	O
is	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
urgent	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
crucial	O
importance	O
,	O
various	O
notification	O
methods	O
,	O
often	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
alerts	O
"	O
are	O
used	O
:	O
e-mail	O
,	O
IM	O
,	O
regular	O
and	O
cell	O
phones	O
,	O
SMS	O
,	O
fax	O
,	O
pagers	O
,	O
Skype	B-Application
,	O
RSS	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
,	O
SNMP	B-Protocol
trap	O
,	O
URL	O
notifications	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Website	B-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
market	O
is	O
very	O
competitive	O
.	O
</s>
