<s>
Wardriving	O
is	O
the	O
act	O
of	O
searching	O
for	O
Wi-Fi	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
,	O
usually	O
from	O
a	O
moving	O
vehicle	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
laptop	B-Device
or	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
War	O
driving	O
originated	O
from	O
wardialing	O
,	O
a	O
method	O
popularized	O
by	O
a	O
character	O
played	O
by	O
Matthew	O
Broderick	O
in	O
the	O
film	O
WarGames	B-Application
,	O
and	O
named	O
after	O
that	O
film	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advances	O
include	O
computers	O
with	O
integrated	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
CompactFlash	B-Device
(	O
CF	B-Device
)	O
or	O
PC	B-Architecture
Card	I-Architecture
(	O
PCMCIA	B-Architecture
)	O
add-in	O
cards	O
in	O
computers	O
such	O
as	O
Dell	B-Operating_System
Axim	I-Operating_System
,	O
Compaq	B-Application
iPAQ	I-Application
and	O
Toshiba	O
pocket	O
computers	O
starting	O
in	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
,	O
the	O
active	O
Nintendo	B-Device
DS	I-Device
and	O
Sony	B-Operating_System
PSP	I-Operating_System
enthusiast	O
communities	O
gained	O
Wi-Fi	O
abilities	O
on	O
these	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
nearly	O
all	O
modern	O
smartphones	B-Application
integrate	O
Wi-Fi	O
and	O
Global	O
Positioning	O
System	O
(	O
GPS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
them	O
to	O
control	O
all	O
traffic	O
for	O
the	O
victim	O
,	O
and	O
could	O
even	O
permit	O
them	O
to	O
disable	O
TLS	B-Protocol
by	O
replacing	O
HTML	O
content	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
being	O
downloaded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Warflying	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
variant	O
utilizing	O
aircraft	O
flying	O
around	O
and	O
locating	O
nodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wardrivers	O
use	O
a	O
Wi-Fi-equipped	O
device	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
GPS	O
device	O
to	O
record	O
the	O
location	O
of	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
results	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
uploaded	O
to	O
websites	O
like	O
WiGLE	B-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
Geomena	O
where	O
the	O
data	O
is	O
processed	O
to	O
form	O
maps	O
of	O
the	O
network	O
neighborhood	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
clients	O
available	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
running	O
Android	B-Application
that	O
can	O
upload	O
data	O
directly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
found	O
5,225	O
access	O
points	O
;	O
44%	O
were	O
secured	O
with	O
WEP	B-Protocol
encryption	O
,	O
52%	O
were	O
open	O
,	O
and	O
3%	O
were	O
pay-for-access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
portray	O
wardriving	O
as	O
a	O
questionable	O
practice	O
(	O
typically	O
from	O
its	O
association	O
with	O
piggybacking	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
from	O
a	O
technical	O
viewpoint	O
,	O
everything	O
is	O
working	O
as	O
designed	O
:	O
many	O
access	O
points	O
broadcast	O
identifying	O
data	O
accessible	O
to	O
anyone	O
with	O
a	O
suitable	O
receiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	O
created	O
a	O
privacy	O
storm	O
in	O
some	O
countries	O
after	O
it	O
eventually	O
admitted	O
systematically	O
but	O
surreptitiously	O
gathering	O
Wi-Fi	O
data	O
while	O
capturing	O
video	O
footage	O
and	O
mapping	O
data	O
for	O
its	O
Street	B-Application
View	I-Application
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
using	O
Android-based	O
mobile	O
devices	O
to	O
gather	O
this	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Passive	O
,	O
listen-only	O
wardriving	O
(	O
with	O
programs	O
like	O
Kismet	B-Protocol
or	O
KisMAC	B-Language
)	O
does	O
not	O
communicate	O
at	O
all	O
with	O
the	O
networks	O
,	O
merely	O
logging	O
broadcast	O
addresses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
software	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
NetStumbler	B-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
wardriver	O
actively	O
sends	O
probe	O
messages	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
access	O
point	O
responds	O
per	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
war	O
driver	O
's	O
liability	O
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
setting	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
a	O
static	O
IP	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
using	O
DHCP	B-Protocol
,	O
preventing	O
the	O
network	O
from	O
granting	O
the	O
computer	O
an	O
IP	O
address	O
or	O
logging	O
the	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
homebrew	O
wardriving	O
applications	O
for	O
handheld	O
game	O
consoles	O
that	O
support	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
sniff	O
for	O
the	O
Nintendo	O
DS/Android	O
,	O
Road	O
Dog	O
for	O
the	O
Sony	B-Operating_System
PSP	I-Operating_System
,	O
WiFi-Where	B-General_Concept
for	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
,	O
G-MoN	O
,	O
Wardrive	O
,	O
Wigle	B-General_Concept
Wifi	O
for	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
and	O
WlanPollution	O
for	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
NokiaS60	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
also	O
exists	O
a	O
mode	O
within	O
Metal	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
Solid	I-Application
:	I-Application
Portable	I-Application
Ops	I-Application
for	O
the	O
Sony	B-Operating_System
PSP	I-Operating_System
(	O
wherein	O
the	O
player	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
new	O
comrades	O
by	O
searching	O
for	O
wireless	O
access	O
points	O
)	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
wardrive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Treasure	B-Device
World	I-Device
for	O
the	O
DS	B-Device
is	O
a	O
commercial	O
game	O
in	O
which	O
gameplay	O
wholly	O
revolves	O
around	O
wardriving	O
.	O
</s>
