<s>
The	O
Web	B-Language
Hypertext	I-Language
Application	I-Language
Technology	I-Language
Working	I-Language
Group	I-Language
(	O
WHATWG	B-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
community	O
of	O
people	O
interested	O
in	O
evolving	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
related	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
was	O
founded	O
by	O
individuals	O
from	O
Apple	O
Inc.	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
Mozilla	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
and	O
Opera	O
Software	O
,	O
leading	O
Web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
vendors	O
,	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
central	O
organizational	O
membership	O
and	O
control	O
of	O
WHATWG	B-Language
today	O
–	O
its	O
"	O
Steering	O
Group	O
"	O
–	O
consists	O
of	O
Apple	O
,	O
Mozilla	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WHATWG	B-Language
community	O
members	O
work	O
with	O
the	O
editor	O
of	O
the	O
specifications	O
to	O
ensure	O
correct	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
was	O
formed	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
slow	O
development	O
of	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
Consortium	O
(	O
W3C	O
)	O
Web	O
standards	O
and	O
W3C	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
abandon	O
HTML	B-Language
in	O
favor	O
of	O
XML-based	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
mailing	O
list	O
was	O
announced	O
on	O
4	O
June	O
2004	O
,	O
two	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
initiatives	O
of	O
a	O
joint	O
Opera	O
–	O
Mozilla	O
position	O
paper	O
had	O
been	O
voted	O
down	O
by	O
the	O
W3C	O
members	O
at	O
the	O
W3C	O
Workshop	O
on	O
Web	O
Applications	O
and	O
Compound	O
Documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
10	O
April	O
2007	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
Mozilla	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
,	O
Apple	O
,	O
and	O
Opera	O
Software	O
proposed	O
that	O
the	O
new	O
HTML	B-Language
working	O
group	O
of	O
the	O
W3C	O
adopt	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
's	O
HTML5	B-Application
as	O
the	O
starting	O
point	O
of	O
its	O
work	O
and	O
name	O
its	O
future	O
deliverable	O
as	O
"	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
(	O
though	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
specification	O
was	O
later	O
renamed	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
9	O
May	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
HTML	B-Language
working	O
group	O
of	O
the	O
W3C	O
resolved	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
platform	O
architect	O
from	O
Microsoft	O
was	O
invited	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
join	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
patent	O
policy	O
to	O
ensure	O
all	O
specifications	O
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
on	O
a	O
royalty-free	O
basis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
and	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
had	O
been	O
developing	O
HTML	B-Language
independently	O
,	O
at	O
times	O
causing	O
specifications	O
to	O
diverge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
established	O
an	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
agreement	O
that	O
includes	O
a	O
patent	O
policy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
spurred	O
a	O
renewed	O
attempt	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
W3C	O
and	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
to	O
work	O
together	O
on	O
specifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
and	O
WHATWG	B-Language
agreed	O
to	O
a	O
memorandum	O
of	O
understanding	O
where	O
development	O
of	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
specifications	O
would	O
be	O
done	O
principally	O
in	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
28	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
announced	O
that	O
WHATWG	B-Language
would	O
be	O
the	O
sole	O
publisher	O
of	O
the	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
and	O
WHATWG	B-Language
had	O
been	O
publishing	O
competing	O
standards	O
since	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
W3C	O
standard	O
was	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
in	O
2007	O
the	O
standards	O
have	O
since	O
progressively	O
diverged	O
due	O
to	O
different	O
design	O
decisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
"	O
Living	O
Standard	O
"	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
de	O
facto	O
web	O
standard	O
for	O
some	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
publishes	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
standards	O
that	O
form	O
a	O
substantial	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
web	O
platform	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
(	O
sometimes	O
informally	O
called	O
HTML5	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML	B-Language
specification	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
living	O
document	O
without	O
version	O
numbers	O
since	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
both	O
HTML	B-Language
,	O
the	O
core	O
markup	O
language	O
for	O
the	O
web	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
related	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
DOM	I-General_Concept
Standard	O
,	O
defines	O
how	O
the	O
Document	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Model	I-General_Concept
on	O
the	O
web	O
is	O
supposed	O
to	O
work	O
and	O
replaces	O
W3C	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
level	O
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fetch	O
standard	O
defines	O
the	O
'	O
fetch	O
 '	O
JavaScript	B-Language
API	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
supersedes	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
fetch	O
functionality	O
,	O
CORS	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
Origin	O
header	O
semantics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Streams	O
Standard	O
provides	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
for	O
creating	O
,	O
composing	O
,	O
and	O
consuming	O
streams	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
top	O
of	O
streams	O
,	O
the	O
web	O
platform	O
can	O
build	O
higher-level	O
abstractions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
filesystem	O
or	O
socket	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
,	O
while	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
users	O
can	O
use	O
the	O
supplied	O
tools	O
to	O
build	O
their	O
own	O
streams	O
which	O
integrate	O
well	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
web	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Encoding	O
Standard	O
defines	O
how	O
character	O
encodings	O
such	O
as	O
Windows-1252	O
and	O
UTF-8	O
are	O
handled	O
in	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
and	O
is	O
intended	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
IETF	O
encodings	O
registry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MIME	O
type	O
sniffing	O
standard	O
defines	O
how	O
MIME	O
types	O
are	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
sniffed	O
in	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
URL	O
standard	O
defines	O
how	O
URLs	O
are	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
parsed	O
in	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
