<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
(	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
system	I-Language
,	O
VPL	O
,	O
or	O
,	O
VPS	O
)	O
or	O
block	O
coding	O
is	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
that	O
lets	O
users	O
create	O
programs	B-Application
by	O
manipulating	O
program	O
elements	O
graphically	O
rather	O
than	O
by	O
specifying	O
them	O
textually	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
VPL	O
allows	O
programming	O
with	O
visual	O
expressions	O
,	O
spatial	O
arrangements	O
of	O
text	O
and	O
graphic	O
symbols	O
,	O
used	O
either	O
as	O
elements	O
of	O
syntax	B-Application
or	O
secondary	B-General_Concept
notation	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
environments	O
provide	O
graphical	O
or	O
iconic	O
elements	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
manipulated	O
by	O
users	O
in	O
an	O
interactive	O
way	O
according	O
to	O
some	O
specific	O
spatial	O
grammar	O
for	O
program	O
construction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Syntax	B-Application
:	O
VPLs	O
use	O
icons/blocks	O
,	O
forms	O
and	O
diagrams	O
trying	O
to	O
reduce	O
or	O
even	O
eliminate	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
syntactic	O
errors	O
helping	O
with	O
the	O
arrangement	O
of	O
programming	O
primitives	O
to	O
create	O
well-formed	O
programs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pragmatics	O
:	O
VPLs	O
support	O
the	O
study	O
of	O
what	O
programs	B-Application
mean	O
in	O
particular	O
situations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
:	O
In	O
AgentSheets	B-Language
or	O
AgentCubes	B-Language
users	O
can	O
set	O
games	O
or	O
simulations	O
into	O
a	O
particular	O
state	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
program	O
would	O
react	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Current	O
developments	O
try	O
to	O
integrate	O
the	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
approach	O
with	O
dataflow	B-Application
programming	I-Application
languages	I-Application
to	O
either	O
have	O
immediate	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
program	O
state	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
online	O
debugging	O
,	O
or	O
automatic	O
program	O
generation	O
and	O
documentation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dataflow	B-Application
languages	I-Application
also	O
allow	O
automatic	O
parallelization	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
become	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
greatest	O
programming	O
challenges	O
of	O
the	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
,	O
Visual	B-Application
C#	I-Application
,	O
Visual	B-Language
J#	I-Language
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
languages	O
of	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
IDE	B-Application
are	O
not	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
languages	I-Language
:	O
the	O
representation	O
of	O
algorithms	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
textual	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
IDE	B-Application
embellishes	O
the	O
editing	O
and	O
debugging	O
activities	O
with	O
a	O
rich	O
user	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Parsers	B-Language
for	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
languages	I-Language
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
using	O
graph	B-Application
grammars	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
contains	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
notable	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
languages	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
AgentCubes	B-Language
,	O
3D	O
and	O
2D	O
game	O
design	O
and	O
simulation	O
design	O
computational	O
thinking	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AgentSheets	B-Language
,	O
game	O
authoring	O
and	O
computational	O
science	O
authoring	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
,	O
an	O
object	O
based	O
language	O
used	O
to	O
program	O
3D	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analytica	B-Language
,	O
for	O
building	O
and	O
analyzing	O
quantitative	O
models	O
for	O
decision	O
and	O
risk	O
analysis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
App	B-Application
Inventor	I-Application
for	I-Application
Android	I-Application
,	O
a	O
tool	O
for	O
creating	O
Android	B-Application
applications	I-Application
,	O
based	O
on	O
Blockly	B-Language
and	O
Kawa	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bubble	B-Application
,	O
for	O
creating	O
production-ready	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flowcode	B-Application
,	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
tool	O
for	O
embedded	O
microcontrollers	O
and	O
Windows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flowgorithm	B-Application
,	O
creates	O
executable	O
flowcharts	B-Language
which	O
can	O
be	O
converted	O
to	O
several	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hopscotch	B-Language
,	O
an	O
iPad	B-Device
app	O
,	O
and	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
for	O
creating	O
touchscreen-oriented	O
mobile	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kodu	B-Application
,	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
tool	O
for	O
Logo	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kojo	B-Language
,	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
,	O
IDE	B-Application
,	O
and	O
learning	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mBlock	O
,	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
Scratch	B-Language
for	O
Arduino	O
hardware	O
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Open	B-Application
Roberta	I-Application
,	O
online	O
programming	B-Application
environment	I-Application
from	O
Fraunhofer	O
IAIS	O
,	O
designed	O
for	O
children	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Raptor	B-Application
,	O
a	O
product	O
of	O
the	O
USAF	O
,	O
for	O
drawing	O
executable	O
flowcharts	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scratch	B-Language
,	O
a	O
product	O
of	O
MIT	O
,	O
designed	O
for	O
children	O
in	O
K-12	O
and	O
after-school	O
programs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ScratchJr	B-Application
,	O
an	O
interpretation	O
of	O
Scratch	B-Language
designed	O
primarily	O
for	O
younger	O
audiences	O
(	O
5-7-year-old	O
children	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Snap	O
!,	O
a	O
browser-based	B-Application
reimplementation	O
of	O
BYOB	B-Application
,	O
and	O
extension	O
of	O
Scratch	B-Language
,	O
with	O
first	O
class	O
procedures	O
and	O
lists	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Stagecast	B-Language
Creator	I-Language
,	O
a	O
Java-based	O
teaching	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
StarLogo	B-Language
,	O
an	O
agent-based	O
simulation	B-Language
language	I-Language
developed	O
by	O
Mitchel	O
Resnick	O
,	O
Eric	O
Klopfer	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
at	O
MIT	O
Media	O
Lab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
Logo	B-Device
programming	I-Device
language	I-Device
(	O
a	O
dialect	O
of	O
Lisp	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ToonTalk	B-Language
,	O
programming	O
system	O
for	O
children	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Logic	I-Application
,	O
for	O
creating	O
executable	O
flowcharts	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bidule	B-Application
,	O
a	O
modular	O
node	O
and	O
patch	O
cord	O
environment	O
for	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
interactive	O
computer	O
music	O
and	O
multimedia	O
(	O
Windows	O
,	O
MacOS	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Blender	B-Application
(	O
software	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
3D	O
graphics	O
package	O
,	O
includes	O
node	O
graphs	O
for	O
building	O
shaders	O
,	O
composites	O
and	O
textures	O
,	O
non-destructive	O
geometry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Filter	B-Operating_System
Forge	I-Operating_System
Node	O
based	O
filter	O
generation	O
for	O
image	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Houdini	B-Application
(	O
software	O
)	O
vfx	O
,	O
modeling	O
and	O
animation	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Isadora	B-Application
,	O
a	O
proprietary	B-Application
graphic	O
programming	B-Application
environment	I-Application
for	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
and	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
with	O
emphasis	O
on	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
manipulation	O
of	O
digital	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kyma	B-Application
(	O
sound	O
design	O
language	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
for	O
sound	O
design	O
used	O
by	O
musicians	O
,	O
researchers	O
,	O
and	O
sound	O
designers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nuke	B-Language
,	O
an	O
object-based	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
software	O
for	O
visual	O
effects	O
compositing	O
by	O
The	O
Foundry	O
powered	O
by	O
Tcl	O
,	O
Python	O
and	O
Blink-script	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pure	B-Language
Data	I-Language
(	O
Pd	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
developed	O
for	O
creating	O
interactive	O
computer	O
music	O
and	O
multimedia	O
works	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Softimage	B-Device
,	O
with	O
ICE	O
Interactive	O
Creative	O
Environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SynthEdit	B-Application
,	O
a	O
Synthesizer	O
construction	O
tool	O
using	O
a	O
VPL	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
vvvv	B-Application
,	O
a	O
general	O
purpose	O
toolkit	O
with	O
a	O
special	O
focus	O
on	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
video	O
synthesis	O
and	O
programming	O
large	O
media	O
environments	O
with	O
physical	O
interfaces	O
,	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
motion	O
graphics	O
,	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Babylon.js	B-Language
has	O
a	O
node	O
material	O
editor	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
build	O
shaders	O
,	O
procedural	O
textures	O
,	O
particle	O
systems	O
and	O
post	O
processing	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Construct	B-Operating_System
Classic	O
is	O
the	O
previous	O
,	O
DirectX-based	O
open-sourced	O
version	O
of	O
Construct	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
CryEngine	B-Application
has	O
a	O
node-based	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
called	O
FlowGraph	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Game	B-Device
Builder	I-Device
Garage	I-Device
,	O
a	O
3D	O
and	O
2D	O
game	O
creation	O
tool	O
for	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
,	O
developed	O
by	O
Nintendo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
,	O
has	O
a	O
drag	O
and	O
drop	O
game	O
creation	O
system	O
developed	O
by	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameSalad	B-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
visual	O
game	O
creation	O
tool	O
developed	O
by	O
GameSalad	B-Operating_System
,	I-Operating_System
Inc	I-Operating_System
.	I-Operating_System
</s>
<s>
GDevelop	B-Application
is	O
a	O
visual	O
game	O
creation	O
tool	O
created	O
by	O
Florian	O
Rival	O
(	O
4ian	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Godot	B-Application
game	O
engine	O
allows	O
game	O
scripts	O
and	O
graphics	O
shaders	O
to	O
be	O
built	O
using	O
node-graph	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
languages	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Human	B-Application
Resource	I-Application
Machine	I-Application
is	O
a	O
visual	O
programming-based	O
puzzle	O
game	O
developed	O
by	O
Tomorrow	O
Corporation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kodu	B-Application
,	O
a	O
software	O
designed	O
to	O
program	O
games	O
with	O
a	O
3D	O
Interface	O
developed	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
Research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pixel	B-Application
Game	I-Application
Maker	I-Application
MV	I-Application
is	O
an	O
interface-based	O
2D	O
video	O
game	O
development	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rec	B-Application
Room	I-Application
includes	O
a	O
game	O
creation	O
system	O
with	O
a	O
node-based	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
called	O
Circuits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Snowdrop	O
has	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
scripting	I-Language
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Stencyl	B-Application
,	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
creation	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unity	B-Application
has	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
scripting	I-Language
system	O
as	O
of	O
the	O
ECS	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unreal	B-Operating_System
Engine	I-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
has	O
a	O
node-based	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
called	O
Blueprints	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
shaders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
modern	O
video	O
games	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
behavior	B-Application
trees	I-Application
,	O
which	O
are	O
in	O
principle	O
a	O
family	O
of	O
simple	O
programming	O
languages	O
designed	O
to	O
model	B-Algorithm
behaviors	I-Algorithm
for	O
non-player	O
characters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analytica	B-Language
,	O
a	O
commercial	O
visual	O
language	O
for	O
decision	O
models	O
based	O
on	O
influence	O
diagrams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ptolemy	B-Application
Project	I-Application
-	O
a	O
project	O
aimed	O
at	O
modeling	O
and	O
designing	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
embedded	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
VEE	B-Language
is	O
a	O
powerful	O
graphical	B-Language
programming	I-Language
environment	O
for	O
automated	O
test	O
,	O
measurement	O
and	O
advanced	O
analysis	O
used	O
in	O
Test	O
Engineering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pipeline	B-Algorithm
Pilot	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
scientific	O
visual	O
and	O
dataflow	B-Application
programming	I-Application
language	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
authoring	O
tool	O
for	O
the	O
Accelrys	O
Enterprise	O
Platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alteryx	O
Designer	O
,	O
a	O
tool	O
for	O
data	O
processing	O
and	O
analytics	O
incorporating	O
SQL	B-Language
,	O
R	O
,	O
and	O
Python	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apache	B-Language
Nifi	I-Language
,	O
software	O
project	O
to	O
automate	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
data	O
between	O
software	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
extends	O
Salesforce	B-Application
's	I-Application
Configure	O
with	O
Clicks	O
not	O
Code	O
ideology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shortcuts	B-Operating_System
,	O
a	O
visual	B-Language
scripting	I-Language
language	O
developed	O
by	O
Apple	O
for	O
creating	O
macros	O
on	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
iPadOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
watchOS	B-Device
.	O
</s>
