<s>
Vine	B-Application
was	O
an	O
American	O
short-form	O
video	O
hosting	O
service	O
where	O
users	O
could	O
share	O
six-second-long	O
looping	O
video	O
clips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
originally	O
launched	O
on	O
January	O
24	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
by	O
Vine	B-Application
Labs	I-Application
,	I-Application
Inc	I-Application
.	I-Application
Bought	O
by	O
Twitter	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
in	O
2012	O
before	O
its	O
launch	O
,	O
the	O
service	O
was	O
shut	O
down	O
on	O
January	O
17	O
,	O
2017	O
and	O
the	O
app	O
was	O
discontinued	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Videos	O
published	O
on	O
Vine	B-Application
's	O
social	O
network	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
shared	O
on	O
different	O
social	O
networking	O
platforms	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Vine	B-Application
app	O
was	O
also	O
used	O
to	O
browse	O
videos	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
videos	O
that	O
were	O
uploaded	O
by	O
theme	O
,	O
and	O
hoping	O
that	O
users	O
could	O
"	O
trend	O
"	O
videos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
competed	O
with	O
other	O
social	O
media	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
Snapchat	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
December	O
2015	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
had	O
over	O
200	O
million	O
active	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
27	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Twitter	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
disable	O
all	O
uploads	B-Application
,	O
but	O
that	O
viewing	O
and	O
download	B-Application
would	O
continue	O
to	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
20	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
Twitter	O
launched	O
an	O
online	O
archive	O
of	O
every	O
Vine	B-Application
video	I-Application
that	O
had	O
ever	O
been	O
published	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
's	O
co-founder	O
Dom	O
Hofmann	O
created	O
a	O
successor	O
that	O
was	O
called	O
Byte	B-Application
(	O
not	O
affiliated	O
with	O
Twitter	O
)	O
which	O
launched	O
on	O
January	O
24	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Byte	B-Application
app	O
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
Clash	B-Application
a	O
year	O
later	O
on	O
January	O
26	O
,	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Months	O
later	O
the	O
Byte	B-Application
app	O
was	O
re-launched	O
as	O
Clash	B-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
eventually	O
re-branded	O
as	O
Huddles	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
was	O
founded	O
by	O
Dom	O
Hofmann	O
,	O
Rus	O
Yusupov	O
,	O
and	O
Colin	O
Kroll	O
in	O
June	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
launched	O
on	O
January	O
24	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
free	O
app	O
for	O
iOS	B-Application
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
Android	B-Application
version	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
June	O
2	O
,	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
12	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
application	O
was	O
released	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
months	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
became	O
the	O
most	O
used	O
video	O
sharing	O
application	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
even	O
with	O
low	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
9	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
became	O
the	O
most	O
downloaded	B-Application
free	O
app	O
within	O
the	O
iOS	B-Application
App	I-Application
Store	I-Application
and	O
on	O
May	O
1	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
launched	O
the	O
web	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
service	O
to	O
explore	O
videos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2014	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
updated	O
its	O
app	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
"	O
loop	O
count	O
"	O
,	O
meaning	O
every	O
time	O
someone	O
watched	O
a	O
vine	B-Application
,	O
a	O
number	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
would	O
appear	O
showing	O
how	O
many	O
times	O
it	O
was	O
viewed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
loop	O
count	O
"	O
also	O
included	O
views	O
from	O
vines	B-Application
that	O
were	O
embedded	O
onto	O
other	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
14	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
an	O
Xbox	B-Device
One	I-Device
version	O
was	O
released	O
allowing	O
Xbox	B-Device
Live	O
members	O
to	O
watch	O
the	O
looping	O
videos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
27	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
Twitter	O
would	O
be	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
Vine	B-Application
mobile	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
said	O
users	O
of	O
the	O
service	O
would	O
be	O
notified	O
before	O
any	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
app	O
or	O
website	O
were	O
made	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
also	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
website	O
and	O
the	O
app	O
would	O
still	O
be	O
available	O
for	O
users	O
to	O
view	O
and	O
download	B-Application
Vines	B-Application
,	O
but	O
users	O
would	O
no	O
longer	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
post	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
came	O
as	O
many	O
different	O
competing	O
platforms	O
began	O
to	O
introduce	O
their	O
own	O
equivalents	O
to	O
Vine	B-Application
's	O
short-form	O
video	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Platforms	O
such	O
as	O
Instagram	B-Application
began	O
to	O
introduce	O
their	O
own	O
takes	O
on	O
the	O
short	O
video	O
angle	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Instagram	B-Application
Video	O
where	O
users	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
upload	O
15-second	O
videos	O
to	O
their	O
profiles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marketers	O
leaving	O
the	O
platform	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
large	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
decision	O
by	O
Twitter	O
to	O
discontinue	O
Vine	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
monetary	O
sources	O
began	O
to	O
move	O
to	O
longer	O
short	O
video	O
platforms	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
them	O
followed	O
many	O
popular	O
Vine	B-Application
creators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
2016	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
half	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
users	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
15,000	O
followers	O
had	O
ceased	O
uploading	O
or	O
had	O
deleted	O
their	O
accounts	O
to	O
move	O
on	O
to	O
other	O
platforms	O
such	O
as	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
,	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
Snapchat	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
16	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
Vine	B-Application
mobile	O
app	O
would	O
remain	O
operational	O
as	O
a	O
standalone	O
service	O
,	O
allowing	O
users	O
to	O
publish	O
their	O
videos	O
directly	O
to	O
Twitter	O
instead	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
;	O
the	O
Vine	B-Application
community	O
website	O
would	O
shut	O
down	O
in	O
January	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
17	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
app	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
"	O
Vine	B-Application
Camera	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Vine	B-Application
Camera	O
was	O
met	O
with	O
poor	O
reviews	O
on	O
both	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Application
App	I-Application
Stores	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
20	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
Twitter	O
launched	O
an	O
Internet	O
archive	O
of	O
all	O
Vine	B-Application
videos	I-Application
,	O
allowing	O
people	O
to	O
continue	O
watching	O
previously	O
filmed	O
Vine	B-Application
videos	I-Application
however	O
in	O
2019	O
this	O
was	O
also	O
removed	O
by	O
Twitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
closure	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
led	O
many	O
of	O
its	O
most	O
notable	O
users	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Kurtis	O
Conner	O
,	O
David	O
Dobrik	O
,	O
Danny	O
Gonzalez	O
,	O
Drew	O
Gooden	O
,	O
Liza	O
Koshy	O
,	O
Shawn	O
Mendes	O
,	O
Jake	O
Paul	O
,	O
Logan	O
Paul	O
,	O
and	O
Lele	O
Pons	O
,	O
to	O
move	O
to	O
other	O
video-sharing	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2018	O
,	O
co-founder	O
Dom	O
Hoffman	O
announced	O
the	O
upcoming	O
successor	O
to	O
Vine	B-Application
,	O
Byte	B-Application
,	O
also	O
previously	O
known	O
as	O
V2	O
;	O
it	O
was	O
slated	O
to	O
come	O
out	O
in	O
spring	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Byte	B-Application
application	O
launched	O
publicly	O
a	O
year	O
later	O
on	O
January	O
24	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
has	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
will	O
shut	O
down	O
their	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
Elon	O
Musk	O
completed	O
his	O
purchase	O
of	O
social	O
media	O
company	O
Twitter	O
,	O
he	O
posted	O
a	O
poll	O
on	O
Twitter	O
on	O
October	O
30	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
whether	O
to	O
"	O
Bring	O
back	O
Vine	B-Application
?	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
Axios	O
article	O
published	O
on	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
stated	O
that	O
Musk	O
purportedly	O
requested	O
Twitter	O
engineers	O
work	O
on	O
rebooting	O
Vine	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
enabled	O
users	O
to	O
record	O
short	O
video	O
clips	O
up	O
to	O
six	O
seconds	O
long	O
while	O
recording	O
through	O
its	O
in-app	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2015	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
introduced	O
Vine	B-Application
Music	O
,	O
whose	O
"	O
Snap	O
to	O
Beat	O
"	O
feature	O
creates	O
perfect	O
infinite	O
music	O
loops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2016	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
experimenting	O
with	O
letting	O
users	O
attach	O
video	O
clips	O
up	O
to	O
140	O
seconds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2015	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
launched	O
Vine	B-Application
Kids	O
,	O
an	O
app	O
for	O
iOS	B-Application
that	O
was	O
designed	O
specifically	O
for	O
children	O
aged	O
7	O
to	O
12	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
employees	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
safer	O
space	O
for	O
younger	O
users	O
to	O
eventually	O
watch	O
content	O
which	O
was	O
deemed	O
appropriate	O
for	O
children	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Every	O
video	O
posted	O
to	O
the	O
app	O
was	O
selected	O
by	O
Vine	B-Application
employees	O
to	O
ensure	O
their	O
safety	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
's	O
Head	O
of	O
Communication	O
and	O
Marketing	O
,	O
Carolyn	O
Penner	O
,	O
noting	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
app	O
,	O
told	O
CNN	O
that	O
"	O
children	O
can	O
always	O
swipe	O
back	O
and	O
forth	O
on	O
the	O
mobile	O
screen	O
to	O
find	O
new	O
videos	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
can	O
also	O
tap	O
on	O
the	O
screen	O
to	O
produce	O
some	O
sound	O
effects	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
attracted	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
uses	O
,	O
including	O
short-form	O
comedy	O
and	O
music	O
performances	O
,	O
video	O
editing	O
,	O
and	O
stop	O
motion	O
animation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
1	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
Turkish	O
journalist	O
used	O
Vine	B-Application
to	O
document	O
the	O
aftermath	O
of	O
the	O
2013	O
United	O
States	O
embassy	O
bombing	O
in	O
Ankara	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
had	O
also	O
gained	O
ground	O
as	O
a	O
promotional	O
tool	O
;	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
track	O
listing	O
of	O
Daft	O
Punk	O
's	O
album	O
Random	B-Architecture
Access	I-Architecture
Memories	I-Architecture
was	O
revealed	O
via	O
a	O
Vine	B-Application
video	I-Application
,	O
and	O
on	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Dunkin	O
Donuts	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
company	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
single	O
Vine	B-Application
as	O
an	O
entire	O
television	O
advertisement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A&W	O
Restaurants	O
launched	O
its	O
Mini	O
Polar	O
Swirls	O
on	O
Vine	B-Application
on	O
April	O
1	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
claim	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
product	O
launch	O
on	O
Vine	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Music-oriented	O
videos	O
also	O
shared	O
success	O
on	O
the	O
service	O
;	O
in	O
July	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
Vine	B-Application
post	O
featuring	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
women	O
twerking	O
to	O
the	O
2012	O
song	O
"	O
Do	O
n't	O
Drop	O
That	O
Thun	O
Thun	O
"	O
became	O
popular	O
,	O
spawned	O
response	O
videos	O
,	O
and	O
led	O
the	O
previously	O
obscure	O
song	O
to	O
peak	O
at	O
number	O
35	O
on	O
the	O
Billboard	O
Hot	O
100	O
chart	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2013	O
,	O
22	O
Vines	B-Application
were	O
presented	O
in	O
an	O
exhibit	O
entitled	O
#SVAES	O
(	O
The	O
Shortest	O
Video	O
Art	O
Ever	O
Sold	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
Moving	O
Image	O
art	O
fair	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
City	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Angela	O
Washko	O
's	O
"	O
Tits	O
on	O
Tits	O
on	O
Ikea	O
"	O
was	O
sold	O
to	O
Dutch	O
art	O
advisor	O
,	O
curator	O
and	O
collector	O
Myriam	O
Vanneschi	O
during	O
the	O
event	O
,	O
marking	O
the	O
first-ever	O
sale	O
of	O
a	O
Vine	B-Application
as	O
art	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
shooting	O
of	O
Michael	O
Brown	O
in	O
August	O
2014	O
,	O
then-St	O
Louis	O
City	O
Alderman	O
Antonio	O
French	O
used	O
Vine	B-Application
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
document	O
the	O
protests	O
in	O
Ferguson	O
and	O
the	O
surrounding	O
area	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BBC	O
review	O
described	O
collections	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
videos	I-Application
as	O
"	O
mesmerizing	O
"	O
,	O
like	O
"	O
[	O
watching	O
a ]	O
bewildering	O
carousel	O
of	O
six-second	O
slices	O
of	O
ordinary	O
life	O
 [ roll ] 	O
past.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
article	O
by	O
The	O
New	O
Yorker	O
investigated	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
online	O
video	O
platforms	O
in	O
creating	O
a	O
new	O
generation	O
of	O
celebrities	O
,	O
stating	O
:	O
"	O
A	O
Vine	B-Application
's	O
blink-quick	O
transience	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
its	O
endless	O
looping	O
,	O
simultaneously	O
squeezes	O
time	O
and	O
stretches	O
it.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Soon	O
after	O
its	O
launch	O
,	O
Vine	B-Application
faced	O
criticism	O
for	O
how	O
it	O
handled	O
pornography	O
;	O
while	O
porn	O
is	O
not	O
forbidden	O
by	O
Twitter	O
's	O
guidelines	O
,	O
one	O
sexually	O
explicit	O
clip	O
was	O
accidentally	O
featured	O
as	O
an	O
"	O
Editor	O
's	O
Pick	O
"	O
in	O
the	O
Vine	B-Application
app	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
"	O
human	O
error	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vine	B-Application
was	O
listed	O
among	O
Times	O
'	O
50	O
Best	O
Android	B-Application
Apps	O
for	O
2013	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instagram	B-Application
added	O
15-second	O
video	O
sharing	O
in	O
June	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
with	O
Vine	B-Application
,	O
Instagram	B-Application
videos	O
loop	O
and	O
have	O
no	O
playback	O
controls	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Snapchat	B-Application
added	O
10-second	O
video	O
sharing	O
in	O
December	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
YouTube	B-General_Concept
launched	O
a	O
GIF	O
creator	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
tool	O
allows	O
up	O
to	O
six	O
seconds	O
of	O
any	O
supported	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
video	I-General_Concept
to	O
be	O
converted	O
to	O
a	O
GIF	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
YouTube	B-General_Concept
later	O
began	O
catering	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
create	O
primarily	O
shorter	O
videos	O
with	O
its	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
Shorts	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TikTok	B-Application
(	O
called	O
Douyin	B-Application
in	O
China	O
)	O
was	O
created	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
before	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
Vine	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
current	O
edition	O
is	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
merger	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
TikTok	B-Application
app	O
with	O
Musical.ly,	O
which	O
was	O
founded	O
in	O
2014	O
and	O
became	O
popular	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TikTok	B-Application
is	O
similar	O
to	O
Vine	B-Application
in	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
simple	O
short	O
video	O
platform	O
with	O
the	O
added	O
option	O
of	O
Duet	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
two	O
different	O
TikTok	B-Application
creators	O
may	O
collaborate	O
at	O
different	O
times	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
final	O
video	O
;	O
The	O
Verge	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
the	O
closest	O
thing	O
we	O
'll	O
get	O
to	O
having	O
Vine	B-Application
back	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TikTok	B-Application
is	O
not	O
much	O
younger	O
than	O
Vine	B-Application
,	O
as	O
its	O
predecessor	O
Musical.ly	B-Application
was	O
introduced	O
only	O
a	O
year	O
after	O
Vine	B-Application
's	O
inception	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
exploded	O
in	O
popularity	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
2010s	O
after	O
Vine	B-Application
was	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huddles	B-Application
(	O
originally	O
named	O
"	O
Byte	B-Application
"	O
,	O
later	O
Clash	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
successor	O
to	O
Vine	B-Application
created	O
by	O
a	O
team	O
led	O
by	O
Vine	B-Application
co-founder	O
Dom	O
Hofmann	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
8	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Hofmann	O
announced	O
the	O
official	O
name	O
for	O
'	O
V2	O
 '	O
would	O
be	O
'	O
Byte	B-Application
 '	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
set	O
for	O
release	O
in	O
the	O
spring	O
of	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Byte	B-Application
underwent	O
a	O
closed	O
beta	O
period	O
with	O
community	O
members	O
from	O
a	O
Byte	B-Application
dedicated	O
forum	O
who	O
were	O
invited	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Byte	B-Application
was	O
officially	O
launched	O
on	O
the	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
stores	O
on	O
January	O
24	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
26	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Hofmann	O
announced	O
in	O
the	O
Byte	B-Application
forum	O
that	O
the	O
app	O
would	O
be	O
run	O
by	O
a	O
company	O
named	O
Clash	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Months	O
later	O
Byte	B-Application
was	O
re-launched	O
and	O
re-named	O
to	O
Clash	B-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
eventually	O
re-named	O
again	O
to	O
Huddles	B-Application
.	O
</s>
