<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
introduced	O
the	O
video	B-General_Concept
element	I-General_Concept
for	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
playing	O
videos	O
,	O
partially	O
replacing	O
the	O
object	O
element	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
is	O
intended	O
by	O
its	O
creators	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
new	O
standard	O
way	O
to	O
show	O
video	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
previous	O
de	O
facto	O
standard	O
of	O
using	O
the	O
proprietary	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
plugin	O
,	O
though	O
early	O
adoption	O
was	O
hampered	O
by	O
lack	O
of	O
agreement	O
as	O
to	O
which	O
video	B-Algorithm
coding	I-Algorithm
formats	I-Algorithm
and	O
audio	O
coding	O
formats	O
should	O
be	O
supported	O
in	O
web	O
browsers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2020	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
widely	O
supported	O
video	O
playback	O
technology	O
in	O
modern	O
browsers	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
plugin	I-Operating_System
being	O
phased	O
out	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
video	B-General_Concept
element	I-General_Concept
started	O
being	O
discussed	O
by	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
in	O
October	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
video	B-General_Concept
element	I-General_Concept
was	O
proposed	O
by	O
Opera	B-Application
Software	O
in	O
February	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Opera	B-Application
also	O
released	O
a	O
preview	O
build	O
that	O
was	O
showcased	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
manifesto	O
that	O
called	O
for	O
video	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
first-class	O
citizen	O
of	O
the	O
web	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
HTML5	B-Application
code	O
fragment	O
will	O
embed	O
a	O
WebM	B-Application
video	O
into	O
a	O
web	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternatively	O
,	O
playback	O
can	O
be	O
controlled	O
with	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
which	O
the	O
web	O
designer	O
can	O
use	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
custom	O
user	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
other	O
features	O
,	O
browser	B-Protocol
sniffing	I-Protocol
is	O
used	O
sometimes	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
error-prone	O
:	O
any	O
web	B-Operating_System
developer	I-Operating_System
's	O
knowledge	O
of	O
browsers	O
will	O
inevitably	O
be	O
incomplete	O
or	O
not	O
up-to-date	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternatively	O
,	O
the	O
JavaScript	B-Language
function	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
achieve	O
the	O
same	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
type	O
"	O
attribute	O
specifies	O
the	O
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
and	O
possibly	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
codecs	O
,	O
which	O
helps	O
the	O
browser	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
it	O
can	O
decode	O
the	O
file	O
without	O
beginning	O
to	O
download	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
denotes	O
the	O
container	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
file	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
container	O
format	O
defines	O
the	O
interpretation	O
of	O
the	O
codec	O
string	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
does	O
not	O
specify	O
which	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
formats	O
browsers	O
should	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
are	O
free	O
to	O
support	O
any	O
video	O
formats	O
they	O
feel	O
are	O
appropriate	O
,	O
but	O
content	O
authors	O
cannot	O
assume	O
that	O
any	O
video	O
will	O
be	O
accessible	O
by	O
all	O
complying	O
user	B-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
,	O
since	O
user	B-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
have	O
no	O
minimal	O
set	O
of	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
formats	O
to	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
Working	O
Group	O
considered	O
it	O
desirable	O
to	O
specify	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
video	O
format	O
which	O
all	O
user	B-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
(	O
browsers	O
)	O
should	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
Ogg	B-Algorithm
Theora	I-Algorithm
was	O
the	O
recommended	O
standard	O
video	O
format	O
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
any	O
known	O
patents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
on	O
10	O
December	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
was	O
updated	O
,	O
replacing	O
the	O
reference	O
to	O
concrete	O
formats	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
result	O
was	O
a	O
polarisation	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
between	O
industry-standard	O
,	O
ISO-defined	O
but	O
patent-encumbered	O
formats	O
,	O
and	O
open	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
AV1	B-Application
format	O
by	O
Alliance	O
for	O
Open	O
Media	O
aims	O
to	O
be	O
both	O
industry	O
standard	O
,	O
royalty-free	O
,	O
and	O
open	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
wide	O
industry	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
known	O
non-free	O
patents	O
,	O
Apple	O
has	O
expressed	O
concern	O
about	O
unknown	O
patents	O
that	O
might	O
affect	O
it	O
,	O
whose	O
owners	O
might	O
be	O
waiting	O
for	O
a	O
corporation	O
with	O
extensive	O
financial	O
resources	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
format	O
before	O
suing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Formats	O
like	O
H.264	B-Application
might	O
also	O
be	O
subject	O
to	O
unknown	O
patents	O
in	O
principle	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
have	O
been	O
deployed	O
much	O
more	O
widely	O
and	O
so	O
it	O
is	O
presumed	O
that	O
any	O
patent-holders	O
would	O
have	O
already	O
made	O
themselves	O
known	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
web	B-Operating_System
developers	I-Operating_System
criticized	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
the	O
Ogg	O
formats	O
from	O
the	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
and	O
Opera	B-Application
support	O
only	O
the	O
open	O
formats	O
of	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
WebM	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
stated	O
its	O
intention	O
to	O
remove	O
support	O
for	O
H.264	B-Application
in	O
2011	O
,	O
specifically	O
for	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
tag	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
removed	O
from	O
Chromium	B-Language
,	O
it	O
has	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
removed	O
from	O
Google	B-Application
Chrome	I-Application
ten	O
years	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
adaptive	O
bitrate	O
streaming	O
standard	O
MPEG-DASH	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
Web	O
browsers	O
via	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
Media	B-Language
Source	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
(	O
MSE	B-Language
)	O
and	O
JavaScript-based	O
DASH	O
players	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
players	O
are	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
the	O
open-source	O
project	O
dash.js	O
of	O
the	O
DASH	O
Industry	O
Forum	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
are	O
also	O
products	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
Video	O
Player	O
of	O
Bitmovin	O
(	O
using	O
HTML5	B-Application
with	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
but	O
also	O
a	O
Flash-based	O
DASH	O
players	O
for	O
legacy	B-Device
Web	O
browsers	O
not	O
supporting	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
MSE	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
acquisition	O
of	O
On2	B-Application
in	O
2010	O
resulted	O
in	O
its	O
acquisition	O
of	O
the	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
video	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
has	O
provided	O
a	O
royalty-free	O
license	O
to	O
use	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
also	O
started	O
WebM	B-Application
,	O
which	O
combines	O
the	O
standardized	O
open	O
source	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
video	O
codec	O
with	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
audio	O
in	O
a	O
Matroska	O
based	O
container	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
opening	O
of	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
was	O
welcomed	O
by	O
the	B-Operating_System
Free	I-Operating_System
Software	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
in	O
January	O
2011	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
end	O
native	O
support	O
of	O
H.264	B-Application
in	O
Chrome	B-Application
,	O
criticism	O
came	O
from	O
many	O
quarters	O
including	O
Peter	O
Bright	O
of	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
web	O
evangelist	O
Tim	O
Sneath	O
,	O
who	O
compared	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
move	O
to	O
declaring	O
Esperanto	O
the	O
official	O
language	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Haavard	O
Moen	O
of	O
Opera	B-Application
Software	O
strongly	O
criticized	O
the	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
article	O
and	O
Google	B-Application
responded	O
to	O
the	O
reaction	O
by	O
clarifying	O
its	O
intent	O
to	O
promote	O
WebM	B-Application
in	O
its	O
products	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
openness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
WebM	B-Application
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
and	O
Opera	B-Application
have	O
called	O
for	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
in	O
HTML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
7	O
March	O
2013	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Inc	I-Application
.	I-Application
and	O
MPEG	O
LA	O
,	O
LLC	O
announced	O
agreements	O
covering	O
techniques	O
that	O
"	O
may	O
be	O
essential	O
"	O
to	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
Google	B-Application
receiving	O
a	O
license	O
from	O
MPEG	O
LA	O
and	O
11	O
patent	O
holders	O
,	O
and	O
MPEG	O
LA	O
ending	O
its	O
efforts	O
to	O
form	O
a	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
patent	O
pool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
VP9	B-Algorithm
was	O
released	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
as	O
a	O
successor	O
to	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
,	O
also	O
open	O
and	O
royalty	O
free	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2017	O
the	O
new	O
AV1	B-Application
format	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
Alliance	O
for	O
Open	O
Media	O
(	O
AOMedia	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
evolution	O
of	O
VP9	B-Algorithm
has	O
reached	O
the	O
feature	O
freeze	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
bitstream	O
freeze	O
is	O
expected	O
for	O
January	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Firefox	B-Application
nightly	O
builds	O
already	O
include	O
support	O
for	O
AV1	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
H.264/MPEG	B-Application
-4	I-Application
AVC	I-Application
is	O
widely	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
good	O
speed	O
,	O
compression	O
,	O
hardware	O
decoders	O
,	O
and	O
video	O
quality	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
patent-encumbered	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
of	O
H.264	B-Application
need	O
licenses	O
either	O
from	O
the	O
individual	O
patent	O
holders	O
,	O
or	O
from	O
the	O
MPEG	O
LA	O
,	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
patent	O
holders	O
including	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
Apple	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
some	O
Internet	O
broadcast	O
video	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
H.264	B-Application
is	O
usually	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
MP4	O
container	O
format	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
Advanced	B-Application
Audio	I-Application
Coding	I-Application
(	O
AAC	O
)	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AAC	O
is	O
also	O
covered	O
by	O
patents	O
in	O
itself	O
,	O
so	O
users	O
of	O
MP4	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
license	O
both	O
H.264	B-Application
and	O
AAC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
concluded	O
that	O
no	O
existing	O
format	O
was	O
suitable	O
as	O
a	O
specified	O
requirement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
still	O
only	O
supports	O
H.264	B-Application
,	O
but	O
Microsoft	O
now	O
supports	O
VP9	B-Algorithm
and	O
WebM	B-Application
,	O
and	O
has	O
pledged	O
support	O
for	O
AV1	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
30	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
Cisco	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
making	O
a	O
binary	O
H.264	B-Application
module	O
available	O
for	O
download	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cisco	O
will	O
pay	O
the	O
costs	O
of	O
patent	O
licensing	O
for	O
those	O
binary	O
modules	O
when	O
downloaded	O
by	O
the	O
using	O
software	O
while	O
it	O
is	O
being	O
installed	O
,	O
making	O
H.264	B-Application
free	O
to	O
use	O
in	O
that	O
specific	O
case	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
announcement	O
,	O
Cisco	O
cited	O
its	O
desire	O
of	O
furthering	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
project	O
as	O
the	O
reason	O
,	O
since	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
's	O
video	O
chat	O
feature	O
will	O
benefit	O
from	O
having	O
a	O
video	O
format	O
supported	O
in	O
all	O
browsers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H.264	B-Application
module	O
will	O
be	O
available	O
on	O
"	O
all	O
popular	O
or	O
feasibly	O
supportable	O
platforms	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
loaded	O
into	O
any	O
application	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cisco	O
is	O
also	O
planning	O
to	O
publish	O
source	O
code	O
for	O
those	O
modules	O
under	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
license	I-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
without	O
paying	O
the	O
royalties	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
code	O
will	O
practically	O
be	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
only	O
in	O
countries	O
without	O
H.264	B-Application
software	O
patents	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
already	O
been	O
true	O
about	O
other	O
existing	O
implementations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
on	O
30	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
's	O
Brendan	O
Eich	O
announced	O
that	O
Firefox	B-Application
would	O
automatically	O
download	O
Cisco	O
's	O
H.264	B-Application
module	O
when	O
needed	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
also	O
noted	O
that	O
the	O
binary	O
module	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
perfect	O
solution	O
,	O
since	O
users	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
full	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
rights	O
to	O
"	O
modify	O
,	O
recompile	O
,	O
and	O
redistribute	O
without	O
license	O
agreements	O
or	O
fees	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
Xiph	O
and	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
continue	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Daala	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenH264	B-Language
only	O
supports	O
the	O
baseline	O
profile	O
of	O
H.264	B-Application
,	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
by	O
itself	O
address	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
an	O
AAC	O
decoder	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
,	O
the	O
omission	O
of	O
AAC	O
was	O
justified	O
in	O
the	O
release	O
announcement	O
:	O
"	O
the	O
standards	O
bodies	O
have	O
aligned	O
on	O
Opus	B-Algorithm
and	O
G.711	B-Algorithm
as	O
the	O
common	O
audio	O
codecs	O
for	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
doubt	O
as	O
to	O
whether	O
a	O
capped	O
global	O
licensing	O
of	O
AAC	O
,	O
like	O
Cisco	O
's	O
for	O
H.264	B-Application
,	O
is	O
feasible	O
after	O
AAC	O
's	O
licensing	O
bureau	O
removed	O
the	O
price	O
cap	O
shortly	O
after	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
OpenH264	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
table	O
shows	O
which	O
video	O
formats	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
supported	O
by	O
a	O
given	O
user	B-Protocol
agent	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
browsers	O
listed	O
here	O
use	O
a	O
multimedia	B-Library
framework	I-Library
for	O
decoding	O
and	O
display	O
of	O
video	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
incorporating	O
such	O
software	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
not	O
generally	O
possible	O
to	O
tell	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
formats	O
supported	O
by	O
a	O
multimedia	B-Library
framework	I-Library
without	O
querying	O
it	O
,	O
because	O
that	O
depends	O
on	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
and	O
third	O
party	O
codecs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
these	O
cases	O
,	O
video	O
format	O
support	O
is	O
an	O
attribute	O
of	O
the	O
framework	O
,	O
not	O
the	O
browser	O
(	O
or	O
its	O
layout	O
engine	O
)	O
,	O
assuming	O
the	O
browser	O
properly	O
queries	O
its	O
multimedia	B-Library
framework	I-Library
before	O
rejecting	O
unknown	O
video	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
some	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
support	O
listed	O
here	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
either	O
codecs	O
available	O
within	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
's	O
underlying	O
media	B-Library
framework	I-Library
,	O
or	O
of	O
codec	O
capabilities	O
built	O
into	O
the	O
browser	O
,	O
but	O
rather	O
could	O
be	O
by	O
a	O
browser	O
add-on	O
that	O
might	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
bypass	O
the	O
browser	O
's	O
normal	O
HTML	O
parsing	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
tag	O
to	O
embed	O
a	O
plug-in	O
based	O
video	O
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
See	O
HTML5	B-Language
audio	I-Language
for	O
a	O
table	O
of	O
which	O
audio	O
formats	O
are	O
supported	O
by	O
each	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
video	O
format	O
can	O
be	O
specified	O
by	O
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
in	O
HTML	O
(	O
see	O
example	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MIME	B-Application
types	I-Application
are	O
used	O
for	O
querying	O
multimedia	B-Library
frameworks	I-Library
for	O
supported	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Of	O
these	O
browsers	O
,	O
only	O
Firefox	B-Application
and	O
Opera	B-Application
employ	O
libraries	O
for	O
built-in	O
decoding	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
practice	O
,	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
and	O
Safari	B-Application
can	O
also	O
guarantee	O
certain	O
format	O
support	O
,	O
because	O
their	O
manufacturers	O
also	O
make	O
their	O
multimedia	B-Library
frameworks	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
other	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
scale	O
,	O
Konqueror	B-Application
has	O
identical	O
format	O
support	O
to	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
when	O
run	O
on	O
Windows	O
,	O
and	O
Safari	B-Application
when	O
run	O
on	O
Mac	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
selected	O
support	O
here	O
for	O
Konqueror	B-Application
is	O
the	O
typical	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
where	O
Konqueror	B-Application
has	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
,	O
the	O
format	O
support	O
of	O
browsers	O
is	O
much	O
dictated	O
by	O
conflicting	O
interests	O
of	O
vendors	O
,	O
specifically	O
that	O
Media	B-Device
Foundation	I-Device
and	O
QuickTime	B-Application
support	O
commercial	O
standards	O
,	O
whereas	O
GStreamer	B-Language
and	O
Phonon	B-Language
cannot	O
legally	O
support	O
other	O
than	O
free	O
formats	O
by	O
default	O
on	O
the	O
free	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
that	O
they	O
are	O
intended	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Transparent	O
video	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
video	O
with	O
an	O
alpha	B-Algorithm
channel	I-Algorithm
,	O
has	O
multiple	O
design	O
advantages	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
You	O
can	O
very	O
flexibly	O
combine	O
transparent	O
videos	O
with	O
other	O
elements	O
(	O
text	O
,	O
graphics	O
,	O
other	O
videos	O
or	O
dynamically	O
rendered	O
content	O
such	O
as	O
SVG	B-Application
or	O
canvas	B-Language
)	O
to	O
achieve	O
very	O
dynamic	O
layering	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
opens	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
of	O
possibilities	O
also	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
responsive	B-General_Concept
web	I-General_Concept
design	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chrome	B-Application
supports	O
VP8	B-Algorithm
and	O
VP9	B-Algorithm
encoded	O
videos	O
with	O
an	O
alpha	B-Algorithm
channel	I-Algorithm
served	O
in	O
a	O
WebM	B-Application
container	O
,	O
since	O
version	O
31	O
in	O
2013-07	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Safari	B-Application
supports	O
HEVC	B-Algorithm
encoded	O
videos	O
with	O
an	O
alpha	B-Algorithm
channel	I-Algorithm
served	O
in	O
a	O
MP4	O
container	O
,	O
since	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
13	I-Operating_System
(	O
2019-09	O
)	O
and	O
macOS	B-Device
Catalina	I-Device
(	O
2019-10	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
some	O
other	O
proprietary	O
polyfill	B-Protocol
/	O
legacy	B-Device
solutions	O
with	O
a	O
JavaScript	B-Language
based	O
video	O
player	O
playing	O
back	O
a	O
video	O
which	O
upon	O
upload	O
to	O
the	O
SaaS	B-Architecture
server	O
got	O
converted	O
into	O
a	O
proprietary	O
video	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
era	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
play	O
back	O
transparent	O
video	O
was	O
by	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
and	O
using	O
the	O
transparent	O
flag	O
in	O
its	O
embedding	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML	O
has	O
support	O
for	O
digital	O
rights	O
management	O
(	O
DRM	O
,	O
restricting	O
how	O
content	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
)	O
via	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
Encrypted	B-Language
Media	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
(	O
EME	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
Netflix	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
using	O
EME	O
,	O
beside	O
their	O
old	O
delivery	O
method	O
using	O
a	O
Silverlight	B-Application
plugin	O
(	O
also	O
with	O
DRM	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
Apple	B-Device
iPad	I-Device
launch	O
and	O
after	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
announced	O
that	O
Apple	O
mobile	O
devices	O
would	O
not	O
support	O
Flash	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
high-profile	O
sites	O
began	O
to	O
serve	O
H.264	B-Application
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
instead	O
of	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
for	O
user-agents	B-Protocol
identifying	O
as	O
iPad	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
was	O
not	O
as	O
widespread	O
as	O
Flash	O
videos	O
,	O
though	O
there	O
were	O
rollouts	O
of	O
experimental	O
HTML5-based	O
video	O
players	O
from	O
DailyMotion	B-General_Concept
(	O
using	O
Ogg	B-Algorithm
Theora	I-Algorithm
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
format	O
)	O
,	O
YouTube	O
(	O
using	O
the	O
H.264	B-Application
and	O
WebM	B-Application
formats	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Vimeo	O
(	O
using	O
the	O
H.264	B-Application
format	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
has	O
been	O
steadily	O
increasing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2013	O
,	O
Netflix	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2015	O
,	O
YouTube	O
switched	O
to	O
using	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
instead	O
of	O
Flash	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2015	O
,	O
Facebook	O
switched	O
from	O
Flash	O
to	O
HTML5	B-Application
for	O
all	O
video	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
plugin	I-Operating_System
is	O
widely	O
assumed	O
,	O
including	O
by	O
Adobe	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
destined	O
to	O
be	O
phased	O
out	O
,	O
which	O
will	O
leave	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
widely	O
supported	O
method	O
to	O
play	O
video	O
on	O
the	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chrome	B-Application
,	O
Firefox	B-Application
,	O
Safari	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Edge	O
,	O
have	O
plans	O
to	O
make	O
almost	O
all	O
flash	O
content	O
click	O
to	O
play	O
in	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
only	O
major	O
browser	O
which	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
deprecate	O
Flash	O
is	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
.	O
</s>
