<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
is	O
a	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
renderer	O
and	O
a	O
toolkit	O
used	O
for	O
creating	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
3D	O
experiences	O
running	O
on	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
enables	O
users	O
to	O
convert	O
content	O
from	O
3D	O
modelling	O
tools	O
(	O
Blender	B-Application
,	O
3ds	B-Language
Max	I-Language
,	O
and	O
Maya	B-Language
are	O
currently	O
supported	O
)	O
to	O
view	O
in	O
a	O
web	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
was	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
core	O
group	O
of	O
software	O
engineers	O
that	O
previously	O
created	O
the	O
Blend4Web	B-Application
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
uses	O
WebGL	B-Library
for	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
incorporates	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
Three.js	B-Language
library	O
and	O
exposes	O
its	O
API	O
to	O
application	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application	O
functionality	O
can	O
be	O
added	O
via	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
either	O
by	O
writing	O
code	O
directly	O
or	O
by	O
using	O
Puzzles	O
,	O
Verge3D	B-Language
’s	O
visual	O
programming	O
environment	O
based	O
on	O
Google	O
Blockly	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Puzzles	O
is	O
aimed	O
primarily	O
at	O
non-programmers	O
allowing	O
quick	O
creation	O
of	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
scenarios	O
in	O
a	O
drag-and-drop	O
fashion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
App	O
Manager	O
is	O
a	O
lightweight	O
web-based	O
tool	O
for	O
creating	O
,	O
managing	O
and	O
publishing	O
Verge3D	B-Language
projects	O
,	O
running	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
local	O
development	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
Network	O
service	O
integrated	O
in	O
the	O
App	O
Manager	O
allows	O
for	O
publishing	O
Verge3D	B-Language
applications	O
via	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
S3	I-General_Concept
and	O
EC2	B-General_Concept
cloud	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
purposes	O
of	O
authoring	O
materials	O
,	O
a	O
glTF	B-Language
2.0-compliant	O
physically	O
based	O
rendering	O
pipeline	O
is	O
offered	O
alongside	O
the	O
standard	O
shader-based	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PBR	O
textures	O
can	O
be	O
authored	O
using	O
external	O
texturing	O
software	O
such	O
as	O
Substance	O
Painter	O
for	O
which	O
Verge3D	B-Language
offers	O
the	O
corresponding	O
export	O
preset	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
the	O
glTF	B-Language
2.0	O
model	O
,	O
Verge3D	B-Language
supports	O
physical	O
materials	O
of	O
3ds	B-Language
Max	I-Language
and	O
Maya	B-Language
(	O
with	O
Autodesk	B-Application
Arnold	I-Application
as	O
reference	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Blender	B-Application
's	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
Eevee	O
materials	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
integrates	O
directly	O
with	O
Blender	B-Application
,	O
3ds	B-Language
Max	I-Language
,	O
and	O
Maya	B-Language
,	O
enabling	O
users	O
to	O
create	O
3D	O
geometry	O
,	O
materials	O
,	O
and	O
animations	O
inside	O
the	O
software	O
,	O
then	O
export	O
them	O
in	O
the	O
JSON-based	O
glTF	B-Language
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Facebook	B-Protocol
publishing	I-Protocol
,	O
Verge3D	B-Language
offers	O
a	O
specific	O
GLB	O
export	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Exported	O
files	O
can	O
optionally	O
use	O
LZMA	B-General_Concept
compression	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
file	O
size	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
6x	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interface	O
layouts	O
,	O
created	O
using	O
external	O
WYSIWYG	B-Application
editors	I-Application
,	O
can	O
be	O
linked	O
with	O
Puzzles	O
to	O
trigger	O
changes	O
to	O
a	O
3D	O
scene	O
being	O
rendered	O
in	O
the	O
browser	O
and	O
vice	O
versa	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
supports	O
skeletal	O
animation	O
,	O
including	O
animation	O
of	O
bipeds	O
and	O
character	O
rigs	O
,	O
and	O
allows	O
for	O
animation	O
of	O
material	O
parameters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
version	O
2.11	O
,	O
simple	O
physics	O
simulations	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
and	O
controlled	O
without	O
coding	O
via	O
Puzzles	O
,	O
the	O
visual	O
programming	O
system	O
used	O
by	O
Verge3D	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2.10	O
update	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
WebXR	B-General_Concept
,	O
an	O
in-development	O
open	O
technology	O
designed	O
to	O
enable	O
virtual	B-Application
reality	I-Application
and	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
experiences	O
to	O
be	O
displayed	O
in	O
web	O
browsers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
works	O
with	O
both	O
headsets	O
with	O
controllers	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
HTC	O
Vive	O
and	O
Oculus	B-Device
Rift	I-Device
,	O
and	O
those	O
without	O
,	O
like	O
Google	B-Device
Cardboard	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
AR/VR	O
experiences	O
can	O
enabled	O
via	O
Puzzles	O
or	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Verge3D	B-Language
's	O
workflow	O
differs	O
substantially	O
from	O
other	O
mainstream	O
WebGL	B-Library
frameworks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
Verge3D	B-Language
application	O
is	O
usually	O
started	O
from	O
modeling	O
,	O
texturing	O
and	O
animating	O
3D	O
objects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scene	O
file	O
is	O
then	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
basis	O
for	O
a	O
Verge3D	B-Language
project	O
initialized	O
from	O
the	O
App	O
Manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
scenario	O
is	O
optionally	O
added	O
using	O
the	O
Puzzles	O
editor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Verge3D	B-Language
application	O
can	O
be	O
previewed	O
in	O
the	O
web	O
browser	O
at	O
any	O
development	O
stage	O
using	O
the	O
App	O
Manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
finished	O
web	O
application	O
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
on	O
the	O
Verge3D	B-Language
Network	O
,	O
on	O
Facebook	O
or	O
on	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
website	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NASA	O
's	O
Jet	O
Propulsion	O
Laboratory	O
used	O
Verge3D	B-Language
to	O
create	O
an	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
3D	O
visualization	O
of	O
the	O
Mars	O
InSight	O
lander	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
web	O
application	O
allows	O
for	O
exploring	O
and	O
interacting	O
with	O
the	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
model	O
of	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
possibility	O
to	O
move	O
different	O
parts	O
and	O
unfurl	O
the	O
solar	O
panels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NASA	O
's	O
older	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
web	O
application	O
Experience	B-Application
Curiosity	I-Application
was	O
ported	O
to	O
Verge3D	B-Language
from	O
Blend4Web	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
used	O
Verge3D	B-Language
and	O
Blender	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
interactive	B-General_Concept
short	O
explores	O
how	O
users	O
can	O
navigate	O
3D	O
spaces	O
and	O
interact	O
with	O
objects	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
instruction	O
.	O
</s>
