<s>
A	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
language	I-Language
is	O
a	O
markup	O
language	O
that	O
renders	O
and	O
describes	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
and	O
controls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
these	O
markup	O
languages	O
are	O
dialects	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
are	O
dependent	O
upon	O
a	O
pre-existing	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
engine	O
,	O
usually	O
a	O
JavaScript	B-Language
engine	O
,	O
for	O
rendering	O
of	O
controls	O
and	O
extra	O
scriptability	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
concept	O
of	O
the	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
languages	I-Language
is	O
primarily	O
based	O
upon	O
the	O
desire	O
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
"	O
re-invention	O
of	O
the	O
wheel	O
"	O
in	O
the	O
design	O
,	O
development	O
and	O
function	O
of	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
;	O
such	O
re-invention	O
comes	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
coding	O
a	O
script	B-Language
for	O
the	O
entire	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
typical	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
language	I-Language
solidifies	O
often	B-Application
re-used	I-Application
program	O
or	O
script	B-Language
code	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
markup	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
easier	O
to	O
focus	O
upon	O
design	O
of	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
in	O
an	O
understandable	O
dialect	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
languages	I-Language
,	O
like	O
most	O
markup	O
and	O
programming	O
languages	O
,	O
rely	O
upon	O
sub-application	O
runtimes	O
to	O
interpret	O
and	O
render	O
the	O
markup	O
code	O
as	O
program	O
code	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
processed	O
and	O
put	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
desired	O
form	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
XML-based	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
languages	I-Language
,	O
the	O
markup	O
is	O
usually	O
interpreted	O
and	O
represented	O
as	O
a	O
tree	O
of	O
nodes	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
manipulated	O
at	O
runtime	B-Device
by	O
the	O
application	O
's	O
code	O
or	O
dynamically	O
loaded	O
user	O
script	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
XFD	O
,	O
which	O
stands	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
Form	O
Definition	O
is	O
the	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
language	I-Language
behind	O
STARLIMS	B-Application
product	O
(	O
)	O
,	O
developed	O
by	O
Abbott	B-Application
Informatics	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
STARLIMS	B-Application
product	O
has	O
an	O
entire	O
ecosystem	O
of	O
runtime	B-Device
and	O
design	O
time	O
tools	O
to	O
run	O
and	O
create	O
visual	O
forms	O
using	O
XFD	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
STARLIMS	B-Application
v10	O
is	O
powered	O
by	O
an	O
XFD	O
runtime	B-Device
developed	O
using	O
Microsoft	B-Application
.NET	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
and	O
hosted	O
in	O
Internet	O
Explorer	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
STARLIMS	B-Application
v11	O
introduces	O
an	O
additional	O
XFD	O
engine	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
server-side	O
transformation	O
engine	O
that	O
transforms	O
the	O
XFD	O
into	O
HTML5	O
compatible	O
data	O
designed	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
any	O
HTML5	O
compliant	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XFD	O
is	O
programmable	O
in	O
JavaScript	B-Language
based	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QML	B-Language
is	O
a	O
cross-platform	O
markup	O
language	O
for	O
creating	O
hardware-accelerated	O
OpenGL-powered	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
for	O
devices	O
ranging	O
from	O
mobile	O
to	O
desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QML	B-Language
interfaces	O
are	O
manipulated	O
using	O
the	O
JavaScript	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
QML	B-Language
is	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Qt	O
software	O
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MXML	B-Operating_System
is	O
the	O
XML-based	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
language	I-Language
introduced	O
by	O
Macromedia	O
in	O
March	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
now	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Open	B-License
Source	I-License
(	O
)	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flex	I-Operating_System
SDK	B-Application
version	O
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MXML	B-Operating_System
files	O
compile	O
into	O
Flash	O
SWF	O
via	O
the	O
Flex	O
SDK	B-Application
,	O
and	O
are	O
rendered	O
either	O
on	O
the	O
internet	O
browser	O
,	O
via	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
plug-in	O
,	O
or	O
as	O
stand-alone	O
cross-platform	O
applications	O
,	O
via	O
the	O
Open	B-License
Source	I-License
Adobe	B-Operating_System
AIR	I-Operating_System
SDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OASIS	O
UIML	O
is	O
an	O
XML-based	O
standard	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
languages	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
primary	O
interface	O
language	O
of	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
products	O
is	O
XUL	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
XUL	B-Application
documents	O
are	O
rendered	O
by	O
the	O
Gecko	B-Language
engine	I-Language
,	O
which	O
also	O
renders	O
XHTML	B-Language
and	O
SVG	B-Application
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
cooperates	O
with	O
many	O
existing	O
standards	O
and	O
technologies	O
,	O
including	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
DTD	B-Language
and	O
RDF	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UsiXML	O
(	O
which	O
stands	O
for	O
User	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Extensible	B-Protocol
Markup	I-Protocol
Language	I-Protocol
)	O
is	O
an	O
XML-compliant	O
markup	O
language	O
that	O
describes	O
the	O
UI	O
for	O
multiple	O
contexts	O
of	O
use	O
such	O
as	O
Character	O
User	B-Application
Interfaces	I-Application
(	O
CUIs	O
)	O
,	O
Graphical	B-Application
User	I-Application
Interfaces	I-Application
(	O
GUIs	B-Application
)	O
,	O
Auditory	O
User	B-Application
Interfaces	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Multimodal	O
User	B-Application
Interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
WTKX	O
is	O
an	O
XML-based	O
markup	O
language	O
used	O
for	O
building	O
Apache	B-Application
Pivot	I-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
it	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
for	O
defining	O
the	O
structure	O
of	O
an	O
application	O
's	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
declaratively	O
construct	O
any	O
type	O
of	O
Java	B-Language
object	O
hierarchy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
can	O
use	O
this	O
language	O
to	O
define	O
applications	O
that	O
will	O
run	O
as	O
a	O
Java	B-Language
Client	O
or	O
an	O
Ajax	B-General_Concept
Client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scalable	B-Application
Vector	I-Application
Graphics	I-Application
is	O
a	O
markup	O
language	O
for	O
graphics	O
proposed	O
by	O
the	O
W3C	O
that	O
can	O
support	O
rich	O
graphics	O
for	O
web	O
and	O
mobile	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
SVG	B-Application
is	O
not	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
language	O
,	O
it	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
vector/raster	O
graphics	O
,	O
animation	O
,	O
interaction	O
with	O
the	B-General_Concept
DOM	I-General_Concept
and	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
embedded	O
media	O
,	O
events	O
and	O
scriptability	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
these	O
features	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
combination	O
,	O
rich	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
are	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SVG	B-Application
can	O
also	O
be	O
superimposed	O
upon	O
another	O
XML-compatible	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
such	O
as	O
XUL	B-Application
and	O
XForms	B-Application
,	O
as	O
the	O
graphics-rich	O
portion	O
of	O
a	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
TUIX	O
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
based	O
markup	O
language	O
for	O
defining	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
in	O
Tribiq	O
CMS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XAML	B-Device
is	O
a	O
markup	O
system	O
that	O
underlies	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
components	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
's	I-Application
.NET	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
3.0	O
and	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
scope	O
is	O
more	O
ambitious	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
most	O
user	B-Language
interface	I-Language
markup	I-Language
languages	I-Language
,	O
since	O
program	O
logic	O
and	O
styles	O
are	O
also	O
embedded	O
in	O
the	O
XAML	B-Device
document	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Functionally	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
XUL	B-Application
,	O
SVG	B-Application
,	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
and	O
JavaScript	B-Language
into	O
a	O
single	O
XML	B-Protocol
schema	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLaszlo	B-Application
is	O
a	O
runtime	B-Device
environment	I-Device
that	O
comprises	O
a	O
runtime	B-Device
environment	I-Device
and	O
an	O
interface	B-General_Concept
definition	I-General_Concept
language	I-General_Concept
(	O
Laszlo	O
XML	B-Protocol
-	O
LZX	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LZX	O
is	O
a	O
declarative	B-Language
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
language	O
which	O
defines	O
the	O
widgets	O
,	O
application	O
layout	O
and	O
scripting	O
elements	O
(	O
using	O
JavaScript	B-Language
)	O
to	O
create	O
your	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LZX	O
is	O
runtime	B-Device
agnostic	O
with	O
the	O
currently	O
supported	O
runtime	B-Device
being	O
within	O
Macromedia/Adobe	O
Flash	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
experimental	O
runtime	B-Device
called	O
Laszlo	O
"	O
Legals	O
"	O
that	O
will	O
allow	O
OpenLaszlo	B-Application
(	O
LZX	O
)	O
applications	O
run	O
in	O
multiple	O
runtime	B-Device
environments	I-Device
,	O
such	O
as	O
DHTML/AJAX	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hierarchical	O
Model	O
View	O
Controller	O
User	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Language	O
(	O
HMVCUL	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
markup	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
language	O
which	O
supports	O
the	O
creation	O
and	O
chaining	O
of	O
atomic	O
MVC	O
triad	O
components	O
used	O
in	O
constructing	O
HMVC	O
GUI	B-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
associated	O
runtime	B-Device
provides	O
methods	O
which	O
enable	O
configuration	O
of	O
properties	O
,	O
data	O
binding	O
and	O
events	O
of	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
MVC	O
triad	O
elements	O
(	O
widget	O
,	O
controller	O
,	O
model	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
runtime	B-Device
accomplishes	O
this	O
by	O
mapping	O
XML	B-Protocol
elements	O
defined	O
in	O
an	O
HMVCUL	O
file	O
to	O
objects	O
inside	O
the	O
framework	O
,	O
attributes	O
to	O
properties	O
or	O
to	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WasabiXML	O
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
markup	O
language	O
that	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
define	O
the	O
graphical	B-Application
interface	I-Application
in	O
Wasabi	B-Library
powered	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
with	O
Winamp	B-Application
for	O
making	O
Winamp	B-Application
skins	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
WasabiXML	O
had	O
been	O
developed	O
by	O
Nullsoft	O
for	O
Winamp	B-Application
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
usable	O
with	O
other	O
applications	O
with	O
the	O
Wasabi	B-Library
SDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
root	O
element	O
in	O
WasabiXML	O
is	O
<WasabiXML> ( for Winamp skins, it is also <WinampAbstractionLayer>	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
graphical	B-Application
interface	I-Application
is	O
held	O
by	O
the	O
<container> element and the basic viewable GUI element is <layout>	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
for	O
a	O
simple	O
GUI	B-Application
with	O
a	O
button	O
element	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
WasabiXML	O
supports	O
many	O
GUI	B-Application
elements	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
<groupdef>	O
allows	O
the	O
developer	O
to	O
define	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
GUI	B-Application
objects	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
re-used	O
anywhere	O
in	O
the	O
skin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wasabi	B-Library
also	O
supports	O
XUI	O
's	O
which	O
are	O
nothing	O
but	O
<groups>	O
powered	O
by	O
a	O
MAKI	O
script	B-Language
allowing	O
developers	O
to	O
create	O
GUI	B-Application
components	O
(	O
widgets	O
)	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
adding	O
to	O
modularity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WasabiXML	O
has	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
namespace	O
'	O
Wasabi::	O
'	O
which	O
defines	O
common	O
GUI	B-Application
's	O
without	O
having	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
declare	O
their	O
image	O
paths	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MARIA	O
is	O
a	O
universal	O
,	O
declarative	B-Language
,	O
multiple	O
abstraction	B-Architecture
level	I-Architecture
,	O
XML-based	O
language	O
for	O
modelling	O
interactive	O
applications	O
in	O
ubiquitous	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FXML	B-Language
is	O
a	O
XML-based	O
language	O
for	O
defining	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
of	O
JavaFX	B-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
avionics	O
,	O
the	O
ARINC	B-Application
661	I-Application
standard	O
prescribes	O
a	O
binary	O
format	O
to	O
define	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
in	O
glass	B-Device
cockpits	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Borland	O
VCL	O
forms	O
(	O
.dfm	O
and	O
.lfm	O
)	O
are	O
text	O
files	O
describing	O
the	O
windows	O
of	O
Delphi	B-Language
and	O
Lazarus	B-Language
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
compiled	O
into	O
the	O
final	O
executable	O
in	O
binary	O
format	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
RTTI	B-Application
to	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
