<s>
User	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
(	O
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
,	O
UXD	B-Application
,	O
UED	O
,	O
or	O
XD	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
defining	O
the	O
experience	O
a	O
user	O
would	O
go	O
through	O
when	O
interacting	O
with	O
a	O
company	O
,	O
its	O
services	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Design	O
decisions	O
in	O
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
are	O
often	O
driven	O
by	O
research	O
,	O
data	O
analysis	O
,	O
and	O
test	O
results	O
rather	O
than	O
aesthetic	O
preferences	O
and	O
opinions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
design	O
,	O
which	O
focuses	O
solely	O
on	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
interface	O
,	O
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
encompasses	O
all	O
aspects	O
of	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
perceived	O
experience	O
with	O
a	O
product	O
or	O
website	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
its	O
usability	B-General_Concept
,	O
usefulness	O
,	O
desirability	O
,	O
brand	O
perception	O
,	O
and	O
overall	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
is	O
also	O
an	O
element	O
of	O
the	O
customer	O
experience	O
(	O
CX	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
encompasses	O
all	O
aspects	O
and	O
stages	O
of	O
a	O
customer	O
's	O
experience	O
and	O
interaction	O
with	O
a	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
field	O
of	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
is	O
a	O
conceptual	O
design	O
discipline	O
and	O
has	O
its	O
roots	O
in	O
human	O
factors	O
and	O
ergonomics	O
,	O
a	O
field	O
that	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
late	O
1940s	O
,	O
has	O
focused	O
on	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
human	O
users	O
,	O
machines	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
contextual	O
environments	O
to	O
design	O
systems	O
that	O
address	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
experience	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
proliferation	O
of	O
workplace	O
computers	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
,	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
started	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
positive	O
insight	O
for	O
designers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Donald	O
Norman	O
,	O
a	O
professor	O
and	O
researcher	O
in	O
design	O
,	O
usability	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
cognitive	O
science	O
,	O
coined	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
,	O
"	O
and	O
brought	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
wider	O
audience	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
debate	O
occurring	O
in	O
the	O
experience	B-Application
design	I-Application
community	O
regarding	O
its	O
focus	O
,	O
provoked	O
in	O
part	O
by	O
design	O
scholar	O
and	O
practitioner	O
,	O
Don	O
Norman	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
draws	O
from	O
design	O
approaches	O
like	O
human-computer	O
interaction	O
and	O
user-centered	O
design	O
,	O
and	O
includes	O
elements	O
from	O
similar	O
disciplines	O
like	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
design	I-General_Concept
,	O
visual	O
design	O
,	O
information	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
,	O
user	O
research	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	O
design	O
,	O
also	O
commonly	O
known	O
as	O
graphic	O
design	O
,	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
design	O
,	O
communication	O
design	O
,	O
and	O
visual	O
communication	O
,	O
represents	O
the	O
aesthetics	O
or	O
look-and-feel	B-Application
of	O
the	O
front	O
end	O
of	O
any	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
is	O
the	O
art	O
and	O
science	O
of	O
structuring	O
and	O
organizing	O
the	O
information	O
in	O
products	O
and	O
services	O
to	O
support	O
usability	B-General_Concept
and	O
findability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
information	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
,	O
information	O
is	O
separate	O
from	O
both	O
knowledge	O
and	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
lies	O
nebulously	O
between	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
also	O
encompasses	O
how	O
the	O
pages	O
and	O
navigation	O
are	O
structured	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
well	O
recognized	O
that	O
the	O
component	O
of	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
design	I-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
essential	O
part	O
of	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
(	O
UX	O
)	O
design	O
,	O
centering	O
on	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
users	O
and	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
current	O
high	O
emphasis	O
on	O
user-centered	O
design	O
and	O
the	O
strong	O
focus	O
on	O
enhancing	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
have	O
made	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
designers	I-General_Concept
critical	O
in	O
conceptualizing	O
products	O
to	O
match	O
user	O
expectations	O
and	O
meet	O
the	O
standards	O
of	O
the	O
latest	O
UI	O
patterns	O
and	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
last	O
few	O
years	O
,	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
designer	I-General_Concept
has	O
shifted	O
from	O
being	O
just	O
focused	O
on	O
specifying	O
UI	O
components	O
and	O
communicating	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
engineers	O
to	O
a	O
situation	O
in	O
which	O
designers	O
have	O
more	O
freedom	O
to	O
design	O
contextual	O
interfaces	O
based	O
on	O
helping	O
meet	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
User	B-Application
Experience	I-Application
Design	I-Application
evolved	O
into	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
design	O
branch	O
that	O
involves	O
multiple	O
technical	O
aspects	O
from	O
motion	O
graphics	O
design	O
and	O
animation	O
to	O
programming	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usability	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
extent	O
to	O
which	O
a	O
product	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
specified	O
users	O
to	O
achieve	O
specified	O
goals	O
with	O
effectiveness	O
,	O
efficiency	O
and	O
satisfaction	O
in	O
a	O
specified	O
context	O
of	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usability	B-General_Concept
is	O
attached	O
to	O
all	O
tools	O
used	O
by	O
humans	O
and	O
is	O
extended	O
to	O
both	O
digital	O
and	O
non-digital	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
but	O
not	O
wholly	O
contained	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
section	O
of	O
usability	B-General_Concept
that	O
intersects	O
with	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
is	O
related	O
to	O
humans	O
 '	O
ability	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
system	O
or	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Good	O
usability	B-General_Concept
is	O
essential	O
to	O
positive	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
but	O
does	O
not	O
alone	O
guarantee	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
terms	O
of	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
,	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
overall	O
comprehensibility	O
of	O
the	O
information	O
and	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accessibility	O
in	O
many	O
contexts	O
can	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
ease	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
use	I-General_Concept
for	O
people	O
with	O
disabilities	O
and	O
comes	O
under	O
usability	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
makes	O
web	O
content	O
more	O
usable	B-General_Concept
to	O
users	O
in	O
general	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Making	O
content	O
more	O
usable	B-General_Concept
and	O
readily	O
accessible	O
to	O
all	O
types	O
of	O
users	O
enhances	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
overall	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
many	O
kinds	O
of	O
materials	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
involved	O
during	O
this	O
iterative	O
phase	O
,	O
from	O
whiteboards	O
to	O
paper	B-Application
prototypes	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
a	O
solid	O
and	O
stable	O
framework	O
is	O
established	O
,	O
wireframes	O
are	O
translated	O
from	O
sketched	O
storyboards	O
to	O
full-resolution	O
screens	O
that	O
depict	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
at	O
the	O
pixel	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
this	O
point	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
critical	O
for	O
the	O
programming	B-General_Concept
team	O
to	O
collaborate	O
closely	O
with	O
the	O
designer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usability	B-General_Concept
testing	O
is	O
carried	O
out	O
by	O
giving	O
users	O
various	O
tasks	O
to	O
perform	O
on	O
the	O
prototypes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usability	B-General_Concept
testing	O
is	O
,	O
at	O
its	O
core	O
,	O
a	O
means	O
to	O
"	O
evaluate	O
,	O
not	O
create	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UX	B-Application
designers	I-Application
perform	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
different	O
tasks	O
and	O
therefore	O
use	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
deliverables	O
to	O
communicate	O
their	O
design	O
ideas	O
and	O
research	O
findings	O
to	O
stakeholders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
deliverables	O
that	O
UX	B-Application
designers	I-Application
will	O
produce	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
job	O
include	O
wireframes	O
,	O
prototypes	O
,	O
user	O
flow	O
diagrams	O
,	O
specification	O
and	O
tech	O
docs	O
,	O
websites	O
and	O
applications	O
,	O
mockups	O
,	O
presentations	O
,	O
personas	O
,	O
user	O
profiles	O
,	O
videos	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
a	O
lesser	O
degree	O
reports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
designer	I-Application
is	O
considered	O
a	O
UX	O
practitioner	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
following	O
job	O
titles	O
:	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
researcher	O
,	O
information	B-Architecture
architect	I-Architecture
,	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
designer	I-General_Concept
,	O
human	O
factors	O
engineer	O
,	O
business	O
analyst	O
,	O
consultant	O
,	O
creative	O
director	O
,	O
interaction	O
architect	O
,	O
and	O
usability	B-General_Concept
specialist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interaction	B-General_Concept
designers	I-General_Concept
(	O
IxD	B-General_Concept
)	O
are	O
responsible	O
for	O
understanding	O
and	O
specifying	O
how	O
the	O
product	O
should	O
behave	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
designing	O
physical	O
products	O
,	O
interaction	B-General_Concept
designers	I-General_Concept
must	O
work	O
with	O
industrial	O
designers	O
early	O
on	O
to	O
specify	O
the	O
requirements	O
for	O
physical	O
inputs	O
and	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
behavioral	O
impacts	O
of	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
behind	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interaction	B-General_Concept
designers	I-General_Concept
cross	O
paths	O
with	O
visual	O
designers	O
throughout	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	O
designers	O
guide	O
the	O
discussions	O
of	O
the	O
brand	O
and	O
emotive	O
aspects	O
of	O
the	O
experience	O
,	O
Interaction	B-General_Concept
designers	I-General_Concept
communicate	O
the	O
priority	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
flow	O
,	O
and	O
functionality	O
in	O
the	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
recently	O
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
has	O
become	O
more	O
prominent	O
in	O
TPC	O
as	O
companies	O
look	O
to	O
develop	O
content	O
for	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
audiences	O
and	O
experiences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
now	O
an	O
expectation	O
that	O
technical	O
and	O
professional	O
skills	O
should	O
be	O
coupled	O
with	O
UX	B-Application
design	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Application
interface	I-Application
(	O
UI	O
)	O
design	O
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
making	O
interfaces	O
in	O
software	O
or	O
computerized	O
devices	O
with	O
a	O
focus	O
on	O
looks	O
or	O
style	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UI	O
design	O
typically	O
refers	O
to	O
graphical	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
but	O
also	O
includes	O
others	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
voice-controlled	O
ones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
essence	O
,	O
a	O
visual	O
designer	O
must	O
aim	O
for	O
maximum	O
usability	B-General_Concept
combined	O
with	O
maximum	O
desirability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	O
games	O
are	O
run	O
by	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	I-Application
tactics	O
and	O
are	O
key	O
in	O
their	O
success	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Application
experience	I-Application
has	O
improved	O
in	O
gaming	O
by	O
providing	O
people	O
with	O
a	O
higher	O
picture	O
and	O
resolution	O
quality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
new	O
desires	O
to	O
give	O
gamers	O
a	O
better	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
and	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
,	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
new	O
3D	O
game	O
designing	O
came	O
about	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
3D	O
imagery	O
systems	O
gave	O
designers	O
new	O
usability	B-General_Concept
options	O
and	O
allowed	O
players	O
of	O
3D	O
games	O
to	O
explore	O
around	O
a	O
3D	O
virtual	O
map	O
,	O
like	O
in	O
Mario	B-Application
Bros	I-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
As	O
more	O
consoles	O
are	O
released	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
of	O
graphics	O
greatly	O
increases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consoles	O
such	O
as	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
and	O
Xbox	B-Device
One	I-Device
are	O
the	O
latest	O
next-generation	O
consoles	O
that	O
portray	O
realistic	O
graphics	O
that	O
results	O
in	O
giving	O
players	O
a	O
more	O
exciting	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Games	O
that	O
include	O
high	O
level	O
graphics	O
are	O
Grand	B-Application
Theft	I-Application
Auto	I-Application
V	I-Application
,	O
NBA	B-Application
2K19	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Madden	B-Application
NFL	I-Application
19	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
storyline	O
enhancements	O
have	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
of	O
video	O
games	O
gaining	O
popular	O
feedback	O
from	O
fans	O
and	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
achievement	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
as	O
a	O
whole	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
quick	O
decision	O
making	O
and	O
on	O
edge	O
approach	O
to	O
video	O
game	O
storylines	O
impact	O
the	O
way	O
players	O
shape	O
their	O
own	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usability	B-General_Concept
testing	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
method	O
used	O
by	O
designers	O
to	O
test	O
their	O
designs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basic	O
idea	O
behind	O
conducting	O
a	O
usability	B-General_Concept
test	O
is	O
to	O
check	O
whether	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
a	O
product	O
or	O
brand	O
works	O
well	O
with	O
the	O
target	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
carrying	O
out	O
usability	B-General_Concept
testing	O
,	O
two	O
things	O
are	O
being	O
tested	O
for	O
:	O
whether	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
product	O
is	O
successful	O
and	O
if	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
successful	O
,	O
how	O
can	O
it	O
be	O
improved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
designers	O
carry	O
out	O
usability	B-General_Concept
testing	O
at	O
every	O
stage	O
of	O
the	O
design	O
process	O
and	O
as	O
early	O
and	O
often	O
as	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
