<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
draft	O
specification	O
adds	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
elements	B-General_Concept
for	O
embedding	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
in	O
HTML	O
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
specification	O
had	O
formerly	O
recommended	O
support	O
for	O
playback	O
of	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
video	O
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
audio	O
encapsulated	O
in	O
Ogg	O
containers	O
to	O
provide	O
for	O
easier	O
distribution	O
of	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
over	O
the	O
internet	O
by	O
using	O
open	O
standards	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
recommendation	O
was	O
soon	O
after	O
dropped	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
some	O
visitors	O
and	O
publishers	O
choose	O
not	O
to	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
proprietary	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
web	O
content	O
has	O
been	O
made	O
available	O
through	O
open	O
standards	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
reach	O
these	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
multimedia	O
is	O
already	O
mainstream	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
through	O
proprietary	B-Application
data	O
formats	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	B-Device
Media	I-Device
Video	I-Device
and	O
MP4	O
)	O
and	O
browser	O
plugins	B-Application
(	O
such	O
as	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
developers	O
had	O
hoped	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
would	O
become	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
affiliated	O
with	O
the	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
movement	O
claimed	O
the	O
following	O
advantages	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
potential	O
for	O
universal	O
adoption	O
of	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
,	O
no	O
matter	O
the	O
computer	O
or	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
would	O
ease	O
"	O
codec	O
hell	O
"	O
by	O
eliminating	O
an	O
unnecessary	O
amount	O
of	O
codecs	O
required	O
to	O
view	O
and	O
publish	O
videos	O
to	O
a	O
select	O
few	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Browser	O
plugins	B-Application
needed	O
to	O
accommodate	O
the	O
many	O
different	O
codecs	O
would	O
then	O
become	O
a	O
thing	O
of	O
the	O
past	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Browsers	O
could	O
handle	O
the	O
playback	O
of	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
and	O
allow	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
customize	O
the	O
manner	O
in	O
which	O
that	O
was	O
done	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bugs	O
and	O
exploits	O
in	O
obsolete	O
versions	O
of	O
those	O
plugins	B-Application
would	O
affect	O
the	O
user	O
less	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
phased	O
out	O
;	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
multiple	O
attack	O
vectors	O
would	O
happen	O
once	O
browser	O
plugins	B-Application
were	O
ultimately	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML5-conformant	O
player	O
,	O
not	O
having	O
to	O
be	O
coded	O
for	O
compatibility	O
with	O
different	O
browsers	O
,	O
could	O
make	O
bugs	O
and	O
exploits	O
easier	O
to	O
find	O
during	O
browser	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
any	O
exploits	O
found	O
would	O
only	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
target	O
that	O
one	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Free	B-Application
software	I-Application
encoders	O
would	O
compete	O
with	O
rival	O
proprietary	B-Application
encoders	O
,	O
increasing	O
encoder	O
quality	O
through	O
competition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Embedding	O
of	O
multimedia	O
by	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
clear	O
and	O
straightforward	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
elements	B-General_Concept
would	O
require	O
less	O
effort	O
than	O
mastering	O
the	O
object	O
element	O
or	O
learning	O
ActionScript	B-Operating_System
as	O
required	O
by	O
Adobe	O
Flash	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CTO	O
at	O
Opera	B-Application
Software	O
,	O
Håkon	O
Wium	O
Lie	O
explained	O
in	O
a	O
Google	O
tech	O
talk	O
entitled	O
"	O
The	O
<video>	O
element	O
"	O
the	O
proposal	O
of	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
as	O
the	O
video	O
format	O
for	O
HTML5	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
presentation	O
,	O
Lie	O
was	O
asked	O
whether	O
Opera	B-Application
will	O
support	O
other	O
formats	O
than	O
Ogg	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Opera	B-Application
Software	O
and	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
have	O
been	O
advocates	O
for	O
including	O
the	O
Ogg	O
formats	O
into	O
the	O
HTML	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
has	O
been	O
available	O
in	O
experimental	O
builds	O
of	O
Opera	B-Application
9.5	O
since	O
2007	O
,	O
and	O
Ogg	B-Algorithm
Theora	I-Algorithm
is	O
fully	O
supported	O
since	O
Opera	B-Application
10.50	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gecko	O
1.9.1	O
(	O
browsers	O
based	O
on	O
this	O
engine	O
include	O
Mozilla	B-Language
Firefox	I-Language
3.5	I-Language
and	O
SeaMonkey	B-Language
2.0	O
)	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
non-experimental	O
layout	O
engine	O
to	O
support	O
Ogg	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Chrome	I-Application
included	O
support	O
in	O
their	O
3.0	O
release	O
(	O
September	O
2009	O
)	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
H.264	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
support	O
MPEG-1	B-Algorithm
(	O
the	O
parts	O
patents	O
on	O
which	O
are	O
thought	O
to	O
have	O
expired	O
)	O
,	O
citing	O
concerns	O
over	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
began	O
work	O
in	O
October	O
2017	O
on	O
implementing	O
support	O
for	O
Ogg	O
,	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
in	O
Windows	O
10	O
and	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Edge	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Among	O
them	O
,	O
Nokia	O
's	O
paper	O
states	O
that	O
"	O
a	O
W3C-led	O
standardization	O
of	O
a	O
'	O
free	O
 '	O
codec	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
active	O
endorsement	O
of	O
proprietary	B-Application
technology	I-Application
such	O
as	O
Ogg	O
 [ ... ] 	O
by	O
W3C	O
,	O
is	O
,	O
in	O
our	O
opinion	O
,	O
not	O
helpful	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
org	O
's	O
codecs	O
,	O
while	O
licensed	O
under	O
a	O
BSD-style	O
permissive	B-License
free	I-License
software	I-License
license	I-License
,	O
implement	O
a	O
standard	O
controlled	O
by	O
Xiph.org	B-Application
themselves	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
multi-vendor	O
community	O
such	O
as	O
MPEG	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
Inc.	O
,	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
MPEG	O
LA	O
,	O
has	O
also	O
opposed	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
Ogg	O
formats	O
in	O
the	O
HTML	O
standard	O
on	O
the	O
grounds	O
that	O
H.264	B-Application
performs	O
better	O
and	O
is	O
already	O
more	O
widely	O
supported	O
,	O
citing	O
patents	O
on	O
their	O
codec	O
's	O
efficiency	O
and	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
precedents	O
of	O
"	O
Placing	O
requirements	O
on	O
format	O
support	O
"	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
"	O
SHOULD	O
"	O
level	O
,	O
in	O
HTML	O
specifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
10	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
HTML	B-Application
5	I-Application
specification	O
was	O
updated	O
,	O
replacing	O
the	O
reference	O
to	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
Vorbis	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
placeholder	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
decision	O
was	O
criticized	O
by	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
Web	B-Operating_System
developers	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
to	O
criticism	O
,	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
has	O
cited	O
concerns	O
over	O
the	O
Ogg	O
formats	O
still	O
being	O
within	O
patent	O
lifetime	O
and	O
thus	O
vulnerable	O
to	O
unknown	O
patents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
submarine	O
patents	O
may	O
also	O
exist	O
for	O
formats	O
like	O
MP3	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
the	O
AVC	B-Application
patent	O
licensing	O
policy	O
is	O
subject	O
to	O
change	O
in	O
a	O
not-yet-clear	O
manner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
December	O
31st	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
has	O
stopped	O
receiving	O
support	O
from	O
Adobe	O
,	O
with	O
HTML5	B-Application
video	O
being	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
technologies	O
replacing	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
Audio	O
Codec	O
and	O
Processing	O
Requirements	O
"	O
Internet	O
standard	O
drafts	O
,	O
published	O
in	O
2011	O
–	O
2013	O
,	O
require	O
free	O
formats	O
,	O
including	O
Opus	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
was	O
developed	O
,	O
among	O
others	O
,	O
by	O
programmers	O
associated	O
with	O
Xiph.Org	B-Application
Foundation	I-Application
(	O
the	O
maintainer	O
of	O
Ogg	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
