<s>
Upstart	B-Device
is	O
a	O
discontinued	O
event-based	B-Application
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
traditional	O
init	B-Operating_System
daemon	O
—	O
the	O
method	O
by	O
which	O
several	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
computer	B-General_Concept
operating	I-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
perform	O
tasks	O
when	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
started	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
Upstart	B-Device
was	O
placed	O
in	O
maintenance	O
mode	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
init	B-Operating_System
daemons	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
systemd	B-Application
,	O
were	O
recommended	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
Upstart	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
moved	O
away	O
from	O
Upstart	B-Device
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
version	O
15.04	O
(	O
Vivid	O
Vervet	O
)	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
migrating	O
to	O
systemd	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
March	O
2023	O
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
no	O
updates	O
released	O
for	O
Upstart	B-Device
since	O
September	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
traditional	O
init	B-Operating_System
process	O
was	O
originally	O
only	O
responsible	O
for	O
bringing	O
the	O
computer	O
into	O
a	O
normal	O
running	O
state	O
after	O
power-on	O
,	O
or	O
gracefully	O
shutting	O
down	O
services	O
prior	O
to	O
shutdown	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
design	O
is	O
strictly	O
synchronous	O
,	O
blocking	B-Operating_System
future	O
tasks	O
until	O
the	O
current	O
one	O
has	O
completed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
leaves	O
it	O
unable	O
to	O
handle	O
various	O
non-startup-tasks	O
on	O
a	O
modern	O
desktop	B-Device
computer	I-Device
elegantly	O
,	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
's	O
event-driven	O
model	O
allows	O
it	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
events	O
asynchronously	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
generated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
operates	O
asynchronously	O
;	O
it	O
handles	O
starting	O
of	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
services	O
during	O
boot	O
and	O
stopping	O
them	O
during	O
shutdown	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
supervises	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
services	O
while	O
the	O
system	O
is	O
running	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Easy	O
transition	O
and	O
perfect	O
backward	B-General_Concept
compatibility	I-General_Concept
with	O
sysvinit	O
were	O
the	O
explicit	O
design	O
goals	O
;	O
accordingly	O
,	O
Upstart	B-Device
can	O
run	O
unmodified	O
sysvinit	O
scripts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
way	O
it	O
differs	O
from	O
most	O
other	O
init	B-Operating_System
replacements	O
(	O
beside	O
systemd	B-Application
and	O
OpenRC	B-Device
)	O
,	O
which	O
usually	O
assume	O
and	O
require	O
complete	O
transition	O
to	O
run	O
properly	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
support	O
a	O
mixed	O
environment	O
of	O
traditional	O
and	O
new	O
startup	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
allows	O
for	O
extensions	O
to	O
its	O
event	O
model	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
initctl	B-Device
to	O
input	O
custom	O
,	O
single	O
events	O
,	O
or	O
event	O
bridges	O
to	O
integrate	O
many	O
or	O
more-complicated	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
default	O
,	O
Upstart	B-Device
includes	O
bridges	O
for	O
socket	O
,	O
dbus	O
,	O
udev	O
,	O
file	O
,	O
and	O
dconf	O
events	O
;	O
additionally	O
,	O
more	O
bridges	O
are	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
and	O
other	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
which	O
use	O
Upstart	B-Device
as	O
the	O
default	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
is	O
used	O
in	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
ChromeOS	B-Operating_System
and	O
ChromiumOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
that	O
support	O
or	O
have	O
supported	O
Upstart	B-Device
to	O
some	O
extent	O
,	O
but	O
moved	O
away	O
since	O
or	O
no	O
longer	O
use	O
it	O
as	O
their	O
default	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Debian	O
decided	O
that	O
systemd	B-Application
will	O
be	O
the	O
default	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
beginning	O
with	O
the	O
Jessie	O
release	O
,	O
after	O
considering	O
switching	O
to	O
Upstart	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
was	O
first	O
included	O
in	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
6.10	O
"	O
Edgy	O
Eft	O
"	O
release	O
in	O
late	O
2006	O
,	O
replacing	O
sysvinit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
9.10	O
"	O
Karmic	O
Koala	O
"	O
introduced	O
native	O
Upstart	B-Device
bootup	O
as	O
of	O
Alpha	O
6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
turn	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
Debian	O
project	O
decided	O
to	O
adopt	O
systemd	B-Application
on	O
a	O
future	O
release	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
Mark	O
Shuttleworth	O
announced	O
that	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
would	O
begin	O
plans	O
to	O
migrate	O
to	O
systemd	B-Application
itself	O
to	O
maintain	O
consistency	O
with	O
upstream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
finished	O
the	O
switch	O
to	O
systemd	B-Application
as	O
its	O
default	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
in	O
version	O
15.04	O
(	O
Vivid	O
Vervet	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
Ubuntu	B-Protocol
Touch	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Fedora	O
9	O
,	O
Upstart	B-Device
replaced	O
sysvinit	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
systemd	B-Application
replaced	O
Upstart	B-Device
in	O
the	O
Fedora	O
15	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Red	O
Hat	O
includes	O
Upstart	B-Device
in	O
their	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
6	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
by	O
RHEL	O
6	O
variants	O
such	O
as	O
CentOS	O
,	O
Scientific	B-Application
Linux	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Oracle	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
RHEL	O
7	O
,	O
systemd	B-Application
is	O
used	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
included	O
Upstart	B-Device
in	O
version	O
11.3	O
Milestone	O
4	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
as	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
systemd	B-Application
replaced	O
Upstart	B-Device
,	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
in	O
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
12.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
is	O
used	O
in	O
HP	O
's	O
webOS	B-Operating_System
for	O
the	O
Palm	B-Application
Pre	I-Application
,	O
Palm	B-Application
Pixi	I-Application
(	O
both	O
before	O
Palm	O
was	O
bought	O
out	O
by	O
HP	O
)	O
,	O
HP	B-Application
Veer	I-Application
,	O
and	O
HP	B-Application
Pre	I-Application
3	I-Application
smart	O
phones	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
HP	B-Application
TouchPad	I-Application
tablet	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upstart	B-Device
replaced	O
the	O
sysvinit	O
in	O
Maemo	B-Operating_System
5	O
for	O
Nokia	O
Internet	B-Device
tablets	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
December	O
2018	O
the	O
project	O
website	O
says	O
that	O
Upstart	B-Device
is	O
in	O
maintenance	O
mode	O
only	O
,	O
and	O
recommends	O
other	O
init	B-Operating_System
system	O
,	O
like	O
systemd	B-Application
.	O
</s>
