<s>
Uber	B-Application
Technologies	I-Application
,	I-Application
Inc	I-Application
.	I-Application
(	O
Uber	B-Application
)	O
,	O
based	O
in	O
San	O
Francisco	O
,	O
provides	O
mobility	O
as	O
a	O
service/ride	O
-hailing	O
(	O
48%	O
of	O
revenues	O
)	O
,	O
food	O
delivery/package	O
delivery/couriers	O
via	O
Uber	B-Application
Eats	O
and	O
Postmates	O
(	O
34%	O
of	O
revenues	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
freight	O
transport	O
(	O
18%	O
of	O
revenues	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
sets	O
fares	O
,	O
which	O
vary	O
using	O
a	O
dynamic	O
pricing	O
model	O
based	O
on	O
local	O
supply	O
and	O
demand	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
booking	O
and	O
are	O
quoted	O
to	O
the	O
customer	O
in	O
advance	O
,	O
and	O
receives	O
a	O
commission	O
from	O
each	O
booking	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
operations	O
in	O
approximately	O
70	O
countries	O
and	O
10,500	O
cities	O
and	O
,	O
with	O
131	O
million	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
and	O
5.4	O
million	O
active	O
drivers	O
and	O
couriers	B-Protocol
worldwide	O
,	O
it	O
generates	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
23	O
million	O
trips	O
per	O
day	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
other	O
ridesharing	O
companies	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
classifies	O
its	O
drivers	O
as	O
gig	O
workers	O
and	O
independent	O
contractors	O
,	O
where	O
allowable	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
legal	O
action	O
in	O
several	O
jurisdictions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ridesharing	O
companies	O
are	O
regulated	B-Architecture
in	I-Architecture
many	I-Architecture
jurisdictions	I-Architecture
and	O
the	O
Uber	B-Application
platform	O
is	O
not	O
available	O
in	O
several	O
countries	O
where	O
the	O
company	O
is	O
not	O
able	O
or	O
willing	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
regulations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Controversies	B-Application
involving	I-Application
Uber	I-Application
include	O
various	O
unethical	O
practices	O
such	O
as	O
aggressive	O
lobbying	O
and	O
ignoring	O
and	O
evading	O
local	O
regulations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Garrett	O
Camp	O
,	O
a	O
co-founder	O
of	O
StumbleUpon	O
,	O
came	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
idea	O
to	O
create	O
Uber	B-Application
to	O
make	O
it	O
easier	O
and	O
cheaper	O
to	O
procure	O
direct	O
transportation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
prototype	O
of	O
the	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
was	O
built	O
by	O
Camp	O
and	O
his	O
friends	O
,	O
Oscar	O
Salazar	O
and	O
Conrad	O
Whelan	O
,	O
with	O
Kalanick	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
mega	O
advisor	O
"	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2010	O
,	O
Ryan	O
Graves	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
Uber	B-Application
employee	O
;	O
he	O
was	O
named	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
(	O
CEO	O
)	O
in	O
May	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
a	O
beta	O
launch	O
in	O
May	O
2010	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
services	O
and	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
launched	O
publicly	O
in	O
San	O
Francisco	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
changed	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
UberCab	B-Application
to	O
Uber	B-Application
after	O
complaints	O
from	O
San	O
Francisco	O
taxicab	O
operators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
's	O
early	O
hires	O
included	O
a	O
nuclear	O
physicist	O
,	O
a	O
computational	O
neuroscientist	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
machinery	O
expert	O
who	O
worked	O
on	O
predicting	O
arrival	O
times	O
for	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
cars	O
more	O
accurately	O
than	O
Google	B-Application
APIs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
launched	O
a	O
service	O
in	O
Chicago	O
,	O
whereby	O
users	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
request	O
a	O
regular	O
taxi	O
or	O
an	O
Uber	B-Application
driver	O
via	O
its	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2013	O
,	O
USA	O
Today	O
named	O
Uber	B-Application
its	O
tech	O
company	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2014	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
launched	O
a	O
shared	O
transport	O
service	O
in	O
the	O
San	O
Francisco	O
Bay	O
Area	O
and	O
launched	O
Uber	B-Application
Eats	O
,	O
a	O
food	O
delivery	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2016	O
,	O
facing	O
tough	O
competition	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
sold	O
its	O
operations	O
in	O
China	O
to	O
DiDi	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
an	O
18%	O
stake	O
in	O
DiDi	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DiDi	O
agreed	O
to	O
invest	O
$1	O
billion	O
in	O
Uber	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
had	O
started	O
operations	O
in	O
China	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
优步	O
(	O
Yōubù	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Ottomotto	O
,	O
a	O
self-driving	O
truck	O
company	O
founded	O
by	O
Anthony	O
Levandowski	O
,	O
for	O
$625	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
settled	O
a	O
lawsuit	O
regarding	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
such	O
intellectual	O
property	O
and	O
reached	O
a	O
deal	O
to	O
use	O
Waymo	O
's	O
technology	O
for	O
its	O
freight	O
transport	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2016	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Geometric	O
Intelligence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geometric	O
Intelligence	O
's	O
15	O
person	O
staff	O
formed	O
the	O
initial	O
core	O
of	O
"	O
Uber	B-Application
AI	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
division	O
for	O
researching	O
AI	O
technologies	O
and	O
machine	O
learning	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
AI	O
created	O
multiple	O
open	O
source	O
projects	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
,	O
and	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
AI	O
also	O
developed	O
new	O
AI	O
techniques	O
and	O
algorithms	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
algorithm	O
and	O
a	O
sequence	O
of	O
papers	O
on	O
neuroevolution	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
AI	O
was	O
shut	O
down	O
in	O
May	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
combined	O
its	O
operations	O
in	O
Russia	O
,	O
Armenia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
,	O
Belarus	O
,	O
Georgia	O
and	O
Kazakhstan	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
Yandex.Taxi	O
and	O
invested	O
$225	O
million	O
in	O
the	O
venture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
merged	O
its	O
services	O
in	O
Southeast	O
Asia	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
Grab	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
a	O
27.5	O
%	O
ownership	O
stake	O
in	O
Grab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
May	O
2018	O
and	O
November	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
offered	O
Uber	B-Application
Rent	O
powered	O
by	O
Getaround	O
,	O
a	O
peer-to-peer	O
carsharing	O
service	O
available	O
to	O
some	O
users	O
in	O
San	O
Francisco	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
became	O
a	O
gold	O
member	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
10	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
became	O
a	O
public	O
company	O
via	O
an	O
initial	O
public	O
offering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
2019	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
announced	O
layoffs	O
of	O
8%	O
of	O
its	O
staff	O
and	O
eliminated	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
COO	O
Barney	O
Harford	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2019	O
,	O
in	O
partnership	O
with	O
HeliFlight	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
offered	O
8-minute	O
helicopter	B-Application
flights	O
between	O
Manhattan	O
and	O
John	O
F	O
.	O
Kennedy	O
International	O
Airport	O
for	O
$	O
200-	O
$225	O
per	O
passenger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
October	O
2019	O
and	O
May	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
offered	O
Uber	B-Application
Works	O
,	O
a	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
connecting	O
workers	O
who	O
wanted	O
temporary	O
jobs	O
with	O
businesses	O
in	O
Chicago	O
and	O
Miami	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Careem	B-Application
for	O
$3.1	O
billion	O
and	O
sold	O
its	O
Indian	O
Uber	B-Application
Eats	O
operations	O
to	O
Zomato	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
in	O
January	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
tested	O
a	O
feature	O
that	O
enabled	O
drivers	O
at	O
the	O
Santa	O
Barbara	O
,	O
Sacramento	O
,	O
and	O
Palm	O
Springs	O
airports	O
to	O
set	O
fares	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
multiple	O
of	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
rates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2020	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
COVID-19	O
pandemic	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
announced	O
layoffs	O
of	O
over	O
14%	O
of	O
its	O
workforce	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2020	O
,	O
in	O
its	O
first	O
software	B-Architecture
as	I-Architecture
a	I-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
partnership	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
manage	O
the	O
on-demand	O
high-occupancy	O
vehicle	O
fleet	O
for	O
Marin	O
Transit	O
,	O
a	O
public	O
bus	O
agency	O
in	O
Marin	O
County	O
,	O
California	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
,	O
in	O
partnership	O
with	O
its	O
majority-owned	O
Cornershop	O
,	O
launched	O
Uber	B-Application
grocery	O
delivery	O
service	O
in	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
Canada	O
,	O
Miami	O
,	O
and	O
Dallas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
committed	O
to	O
carbon	O
neutrality	O
globally	O
by	O
2040	O
,	O
and	O
required	O
that	O
,	O
by	O
2030	O
,	O
in	O
most	O
countries	O
,	O
rides	O
must	O
be	O
offered	O
exclusively	O
in	O
electric	O
vehicles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Postmates	O
for	O
$2.65	O
billion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
in	O
December	O
2020	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
sold	O
its	O
Elevate	B-Application
division	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
developing	O
short	O
flights	O
using	O
VTOL	O
aircraft	O
,	O
to	O
Joby	O
Aviation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2021	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
ATG/Advanced	O
Technologies	O
Group	O
,	O
a	O
joint	O
venture	O
minority-owned	O
by	O
SoftBank	O
Vision	O
Fund	O
,	O
Toyota	O
,	O
and	O
Denso	O
that	O
was	O
developing	O
self-driving	O
cars	O
,	O
was	O
sold	O
to	O
Aurora	O
Innovation	O
for	O
$4	O
billion	O
in	O
equity	O
and	O
Uber	B-Application
invested	O
$400	O
million	O
into	O
Aurora	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2021	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Drizly	O
,	O
an	O
alcohol	O
delivery	O
service	O
,	O
for	O
$1.1	O
billion	O
in	O
cash	O
and	O
stock	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
20	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
acquired	O
Australian	O
car-sharing	O
company	O
Car	O
Next	O
Door	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2022	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
began	O
operations	O
in	O
Italy	O
,	O
forming	O
a	O
partnership	O
with	O
IT	O
Taxi	O
,	O
Italy	O
's	O
largest	O
taxi	O
dispatcher	O
,	O
to	O
integrate	O
the	O
dispatcher	O
's	O
drivers	O
with	O
the	O
Uber	B-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
had	O
previously	O
done	O
similar	O
deals	O
in	O
Spain	O
,	O
Germany	O
,	O
Austria	O
,	O
Turkey	O
,	O
South	O
Korea	O
,	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
and	O
New	O
York	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
15	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
discovered	O
a	O
security	O
breach	O
of	O
its	O
internal	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
by	O
a	O
hacker	B-Application
that	O
utilized	O
social	O
engineering	O
to	O
obtain	O
an	O
employee	O
's	O
credentials	O
and	O
gain	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
VPN	B-Application
and	O
intranet	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
has	O
posted	O
hundreds	O
of	O
millions	O
or	O
billions	O
of	O
dollars	O
in	O
losses	O
each	O
year	O
since	O
2014	O
except	O
for	O
2018	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
exited	O
from	O
the	O
markets	O
in	O
Russia	O
,	O
China	O
,	O
and	O
Southeast	O
Asia	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
stakes	O
in	O
rival	O
businesses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
had	O
32.11	O
billion	O
USD	O
worth	O
of	O
assets	O
,	O
24.03	O
billion	O
USD	O
in	O
liabilities	O
,	O
and	O
32,800	O
employees	O
in	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
for	O
its	O
strategy	O
of	O
generally	O
commencing	O
operations	O
in	O
a	O
city	O
without	O
regard	O
for	O
local	O
regulations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
faced	O
with	O
regulatory	O
opposition	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
called	O
for	O
public	O
support	O
for	O
its	O
service	O
and	O
mounted	O
a	O
political	O
campaign	O
,	O
supported	O
by	O
lobbying	O
,	O
to	O
change	O
regulations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
argued	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
"	O
a	O
technology	O
company	O
"	O
and	O
not	O
a	O
taxi	O
company	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
subject	O
to	O
regulations	O
affecting	O
taxi	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
's	O
strategy	O
was	O
generally	O
to	O
"	O
seek	O
forgiveness	O
rather	O
than	O
permission	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
's	O
response	O
to	O
California	O
Assembly	O
Bill	O
5	O
(	O
2019	O
)	O
,	O
whereby	O
it	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
comply	O
with	O
the	O
law	O
,	O
then	O
engaged	O
lobbyists	O
and	O
mounted	O
an	O
expensive	O
public	O
opinion	O
campaign	O
to	O
overturn	O
it	O
via	O
a	O
ballot	O
,	O
was	O
cited	O
as	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
this	O
policy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Taxi	O
companies	O
sued	O
Uber	B-Application
in	O
numerous	O
American	O
cities	O
,	O
alleging	O
that	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
policy	O
of	O
violating	O
taxi	O
regulations	O
was	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
unfair	O
competition	O
or	O
a	O
violation	O
of	O
antitrust	O
law	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
some	O
courts	O
did	O
find	O
that	O
Uber	B-Application
intentionally	O
violated	O
the	O
taxi	O
rules	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
prevailed	O
in	O
every	O
case	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
only	O
case	O
to	O
proceed	O
to	O
trial	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2017	O
,	O
an	O
investigation	O
by	O
The	O
New	O
York	O
Times	O
revealed	O
that	O
Uber	B-Application
developed	O
a	O
software	O
tool	O
called	O
"	O
Greyball	B-Application
"	O
to	O
avoid	O
giving	O
rides	O
to	O
known	O
law	O
enforcement	O
officers	O
in	O
areas	O
where	O
its	O
service	O
was	O
illegal	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
Portland	O
,	O
Oregon	O
,	O
Australia	O
,	O
South	O
Korea	O
,	O
and	O
China	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
at	O
first	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
stated	O
that	O
it	O
only	O
used	O
the	O
tool	O
to	O
identify	O
riders	O
that	O
violated	O
its	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
,	O
after	O
investigations	O
by	O
Portland	O
,	O
Oregon	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Department	O
of	O
Justice	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
admitted	O
to	O
using	O
the	O
tool	O
to	O
skirt	O
local	O
regulations	O
and	O
promised	O
not	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
tool	O
for	O
that	O
purpose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
use	O
of	O
Greyball	B-Application
in	O
London	O
was	O
cited	O
by	O
Transport	O
for	O
London	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
reasons	O
for	O
its	O
decision	O
not	O
to	O
renew	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
private	O
hire	O
operator	O
licence	O
in	O
September	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
January	O
2018	O
report	O
by	O
Bloomberg	O
News	O
stated	O
that	O
Uber	B-Application
routinely	O
used	O
a	O
"	O
panic	O
button	O
"	O
system	O
,	O
codenamed	O
"	O
Ripley	O
"	O
,	O
that	O
locked	O
,	O
powered	O
off	O
and	O
changed	O
passwords	O
on	O
staff	O
computers	O
when	O
those	O
offices	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
government	O
raids	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
allegedly	O
used	O
this	O
button	O
at	O
least	O
24	O
times	O
,	O
from	O
spring	O
2015	O
until	O
late	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
Uber	B-Application
hired	O
the	O
global	O
security	O
consulting	O
firm	O
Ergo	O
to	O
secretly	O
investigate	O
plaintiffs	O
involved	O
in	O
a	O
class	O
action	O
lawsuit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
19	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
former	O
Uber	B-Application
engineer	O
Susan	O
Fowler	O
published	O
on	O
her	O
website	O
that	O
she	O
was	O
propositioned	O
for	O
sex	O
by	O
a	O
manager	O
and	O
subsequently	O
threatened	O
with	O
termination	O
of	O
employment	O
by	O
another	O
manager	O
if	O
she	O
continued	O
to	O
report	O
the	O
incident	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
27	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
Amit	O
Singhal	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
Senior	O
Vice	O
President	O
of	O
Engineering	O
,	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
resign	O
after	O
he	O
failed	O
to	O
disclose	O
a	O
sexual	O
harassment	O
claim	O
against	O
him	O
that	O
occurred	O
while	O
he	O
served	O
as	O
Vice	O
President	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Search	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
investigations	O
led	O
by	O
former	O
attorney	O
general	O
Eric	O
Holder	O
and	O
Arianna	O
Huffington	O
,	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
board	O
of	O
directors	O
,	O
in	O
June	O
2017	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
fired	O
over	O
20	O
employees	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
departing	O
the	O
company	O
in	O
June	O
2017	O
was	O
Emil	O
Michael	O
,	O
a	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
who	O
suggested	O
that	O
Uber	B-Application
hire	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
opposition	O
researchers	O
and	O
journalists	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
million-dollar	O
budget	O
,	O
to	O
"	O
dig	O
up	O
dirt	O
"	O
on	O
the	O
personal	O
lives	O
and	O
backgrounds	O
of	O
journalists	O
who	O
reported	O
negatively	O
on	O
Uber	B-Application
,	O
specifically	O
targeting	O
Sarah	O
Lacy	O
,	O
editor	O
of	O
PandoDaily	O
,	O
who	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
article	O
published	O
in	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
accused	O
Uber	B-Application
of	O
sexism	O
and	O
misogyny	O
in	O
its	O
advertising	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
agreed	O
to	O
pay	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
$7	O
million	O
to	O
settle	O
claims	O
of	O
gender	O
discrimination	O
,	O
harassment	O
,	O
and	O
hostile	O
work	O
environment	O
,	O
with	O
480	O
employees	O
and	O
former	O
employees	O
receiving	O
$	O
10,700	O
each	O
and	O
56	O
of	O
those	O
employees	O
and	O
former	O
employees	O
receiving	O
an	O
additional	O
$	O
33,900	O
each	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
27	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
admitted	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
suffered	O
a	O
data	O
breach	O
more	O
than	O
nine	O
months	O
prior	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
discovered	O
this	O
leak	O
in	O
September	O
2014	O
,	O
but	O
waited	O
more	O
than	O
five	O
months	O
to	O
notify	O
the	O
affected	O
individuals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hackers	B-Application
used	O
employees	O
 '	O
usernames	O
and	O
passwords	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
compromised	O
in	O
previous	O
breaches	O
(	O
a	O
"	O
credential	O
stuffing	O
"	O
method	O
)	O
to	O
gain	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
private	O
GitHub	B-Application
repository	O
used	O
by	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
hackers	B-Application
located	O
credentials	O
for	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
Amazon	B-Application
Web	I-Application
Services	I-Application
datastore	O
in	O
the	O
repository	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
obtain	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
account	O
records	O
of	O
users	O
and	O
drivers	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
other	O
data	O
contained	O
in	O
over	O
100	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
S3	I-General_Concept
buckets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
paid	O
a	O
$	O
100,000	O
ransom	O
to	O
the	O
hackers	B-Application
on	O
the	O
promise	O
they	O
would	O
delete	O
the	O
stolen	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Uber	B-Application
was	O
subsequently	O
criticized	O
for	O
concealing	O
this	O
data	O
breach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2018	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
largest	O
multi-state	O
settlement	O
of	O
a	O
data	O
breach	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
paid	O
$148	O
million	O
to	O
the	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
,	O
admitted	O
that	O
its	O
claim	O
that	O
internal	O
access	O
to	O
consumers	O
 '	O
personal	O
information	O
was	O
closely	O
monitored	O
on	O
an	O
ongoing	O
basis	O
was	O
false	O
,	O
and	O
stated	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
failed	O
to	O
live	O
up	O
to	O
its	O
promise	O
to	O
provide	O
reasonable	O
security	O
for	O
consumer	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
in	O
November	O
2018	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
British	O
divisions	O
were	O
fined	O
£	O
385,000	O
(	O
reduced	O
to	O
£	O
308,000	O
)	O
by	O
the	O
Information	O
Commissioner	O
's	O
Office	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
criminal	O
complaint	O
said	O
Sullivan	O
arranged	O
,	O
with	O
Kalanick	O
's	O
knowledge	O
,	O
to	O
pay	O
a	O
ransom	O
for	O
the	O
2016	O
breach	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
bug	O
bounty	O
"	O
to	O
conceal	O
its	O
true	O
nature	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
hackers	B-Application
to	O
falsify	O
non-disclosure	O
agreements	O
to	O
say	O
they	O
had	O
not	O
obtained	O
any	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2017	O
,	O
Uber	B-Application
received	O
a	O
five-star	O
privacy	O
rating	O
from	O
the	O
Electronic	O
Frontier	O
Foundation	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
harshly	O
criticised	O
by	O
the	O
group	O
in	O
September	O
2017	O
for	O
a	O
controversial	O
policy	O
of	O
tracking	O
customers	O
 '	O
locations	O
even	O
after	O
a	O
ride	O
ended	O
,	O
forcing	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
reverse	O
its	O
policy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
than	O
124,000	O
Uber	B-Application
documents	O
covering	O
the	O
five-year	O
period	O
from	O
2012	O
to	O
2017	O
when	O
Uber	B-Application
was	O
run	O
by	O
its	O
co-founder	O
Travis	O
Kalanick	O
were	O
leaked	O
by	O
Mark	O
MacGann	O
,	O
a	O
lobbyist	O
who	O
"	O
led	O
Uber	B-Application
's	O
efforts	O
to	O
win	O
over	O
governments	O
across	O
Europe	O
,	O
the	O
Middle	O
East	O
and	O
Africa	O
"	O
,	O
to	O
The	O
Guardian	O
newspaper	O
and	O
first	O
printed	O
on	O
10	O
July	O
2022	O
by	O
its	O
Sunday	O
sister	O
The	O
Observer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
documents	O
revealed	O
attempts	O
to	O
lobby	O
Joe	O
Biden	O
,	O
Olaf	O
Scholz	O
and	O
George	O
Osborne	O
;	O
how	O
Emmanuel	O
Macron	O
secretly	O
aided	O
Uber	B-Application
lobbying	O
in	O
France	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
kill	B-Device
switch	I-Device
during	O
police	O
raids	O
to	O
conceal	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kalanick	O
dismissed	O
concerns	O
from	O
other	O
executives	O
that	O
sending	O
Uber	B-Application
drivers	O
to	O
a	O
protest	O
in	O
France	O
put	O
them	O
at	O
risk	O
of	O
violence	O
from	O
angry	O
opponents	O
in	O
the	O
taxi	O
industry	O
,	O
saying	O
"	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
worth	O
it	O
,	O
violence	O
guarantees	O
success	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
