<s>
The	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
server	O
was	O
the	O
reference	O
server	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Message	I-Protocol
Access	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
UW-IMAP	O
'	O
s	O
development	O
began	O
c.1988	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2003	O
,	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
was	O
among	O
the	O
three	O
most	O
popular	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
IMAP	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
packages	O
,	O
the	O
other	O
two	O
being	O
Cyrus	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
and	O
Courier	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2005	O
,	O
by	O
which	O
point	O
its	O
codebase	O
had	O
undergone	O
extensive	O
rewriting	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
among	O
the	O
top	O
two	O
,	O
the	O
other	O
being	O
Cyrus	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Washington	O
terminated	O
development	O
of	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
4	O
August	O
2008	O
,	O
staff	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Washington	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
involved	O
in	O
developing	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
,	O
Pine	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Alpine	B-Language
,	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
"	O
shift	O
our	O
effort	O
from	O
direct	O
development	O
into	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
consultation	O
and	O
coordination	O
role	O
to	O
help	O
integrate	O
contributions	O
from	O
the	O
community	O
,	O
"	O
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
layoffs	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Washington	O
's	O
technology	O
division	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
c	O
.	O
January	O
-	O
August	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
maintainers	O
of	O
Debian	O
GNU/Linux	O
,	O
a	O
major	O
downstream	O
distributor	O
of	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
,	O
began	O
to	O
retire	O
their	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
packages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
Mark	O
Crispin	O
,	O
the	O
principal	O
author	O
of	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
,	O
announced	O
a	O
fork	O
called	O
Panda	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
least	O
one	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
enthusiast	O
maintains	O
a	O
public	O
source	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
repository	I-General_Concept
containing	O
the	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
and	O
Panda	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
commit	O
history	O
from	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
project	O
until	O
Crispin	O
's	O
final	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
2000s	O
,	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
was	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
good	O
choice	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
ready	O
availability	O
,	O
its	O
inclusion	O
in	O
all	O
major	O
Linux	O
distributions	O
,	O
its	O
support	O
for	O
both	O
POP	O
and	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
its	O
ease	O
of	O
installation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
later	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
servers	I-Protocol
,	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
coupled	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
user	O
accounts	O
to	O
user	O
accounts	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
's	O
underlying	O
operating	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
feature	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
's	O
default	O
use	O
of	O
monolithic	O
mailbox	O
files	O
,	O
was	O
intended	O
to	O
ensure	O
compatibility	O
with	O
legacy	O
operating	O
systems	O
and	O
email	O
management	O
practices	O
,	O
but	O
drew	O
criticism	O
from	O
some	O
commentators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
particular	O
,	O
Sam	O
Varshavchik	O
,	O
developer	O
of	O
the	O
competing	O
Courier	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
server	O
,	O
suggested	O
that	O
Crispin	O
's	O
decision	O
not	O
to	O
add	O
support	O
for	O
maildir	O
(	O
a	O
popular	O
non-monolithic	O
mailbox	O
format	O
)	O
to	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
may	O
have	O
stemmed	O
from	O
lingering	O
resentment	O
over	O
an	O
earlier	O
disagreement	O
that	O
Crispin	O
had	O
had	O
with	O
maildir	O
's	O
designer	O
,	O
Daniel	O
J	O
.	O
Bernstein	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Crispin	O
's	O
insistence	O
upon	O
retaining	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
's	O
support	O
for	O
flat	O
files	O
as	O
mail	O
stores	O
was	O
criticised	O
,	O
by	O
the	O
maintainers	O
of	O
the	O
competing	O
Citadel	B-Protocol
IMAP	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
,	O
for	O
causing	O
otherwise	O
unnecessary	O
complexity	O
in	O
the	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
Varshavchik	O
noted	O
that	O
despite	O
Crispin	O
's	O
insistence	O
that	O
other	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
servers	I-Protocol
comply	O
with	O
the	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
specifications	O
,	O
the	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
server	O
and	O
its	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
client	O
counterpart	O
,	O
Pine	B-Operating_System
,	O
used	O
a	O
private	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
extension	O
that	O
was	O
not	O
documented	O
in	O
that	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
was	O
also	O
criticised	O
for	O
its	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
buffer	B-General_Concept
overflows	I-General_Concept
and	O
for	O
its	O
lack	O
of	O
privilege	O
separation	O
relative	O
to	O
its	O
competitors	O
Cyrus	B-Protocol
and	O
Courier	O
,	O
As	O
of	O
2007	O
,	O
computer	O
programs	O
existed	O
that	O
were	O
capable	O
of	O
exploiting	O
security	O
vulnerabilities	O
in	O
un-patched	O
or	O
improperly-configured	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
installations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
was	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
compatible	O
with	O
existing	O
legacy	O
mail	O
stores	O
and	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
be	O
"	O
plug-and-play	O
"	O
installable	O
without	O
requiring	O
any	O
site-specific	O
configuration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
uses	O
the	O
c-client	O
mail	O
engine	O
that	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
Alpine	B-Language
and	O
Pine	B-Operating_System
e-mail	O
clients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
c-client	O
supports	O
multiple	O
mail	O
store	O
formats	O
including	O
Usenet	B-Application
news	I-Application
spools	O
,	O
MIX	O
,	O
mbox	B-Application
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
MMDF	B-Application
,	O
and	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
c-client	O
also	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
,	O
POP3	B-Protocol
,	O
NNTP	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
SMTP	B-Protocol
Internet	O
protocols	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
bundled	O
with	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
are	O
POP2	B-Protocol
and	O
POP3	B-Protocol
servers	O
,	O
the	O
utility	O
program	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
and	O
mail	B-Protocol
delivery	I-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2005	O
,	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
's	O
codebase	O
consisted	O
of	O
135,000	O
lines	O
of	O
code	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
the	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
itself	O
comprised	O
4,000	O
lines	O
and	O
c-client	O
comprised	O
the	O
rest	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
does	O
not	O
officially	O
support	O
the	O
maildir	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
can	O
be	O
patched	O
to	O
support	O
other	O
formats	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
maildir	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gluelogic	O
offers	O
a	O
patch	O
to	O
support	O
maildirs	O
in	O
Pine	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
patched	O
Pine	B-Operating_System
instance	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
compile	O
UW	B-Protocol
IMAP	I-Protocol
with	O
nominal	O
maildir	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
patch	O
is	O
available	O
for	O
Alpine	B-Language
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
similarly	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
fewer	O
drawbacks	O
.	O
</s>
