<s>
Two-dimensional	B-Architecture
magnetic	I-Architecture
recording	I-Architecture
(	O
TDMR	B-Architecture
)	O
is	O
a	O
technology	O
introduced	O
in	O
2017	O
in	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drives	I-Device
(	O
HDD	O
)	O
used	O
for	O
computer	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
storage	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
data	O
is	O
recorded	O
on	O
HDDs	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
continuous	O
pressure	O
on	O
manufacturers	O
to	O
create	O
greater	O
data	O
storage	B-General_Concept
capacity	I-General_Concept
in	O
a	O
given	O
HDD	O
form-factor	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
given	O
cost	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
HDD	O
,	O
data	O
is	O
stored	O
using	O
magnetic	B-Architecture
recording	I-Architecture
on	O
a	O
rotating	O
magnetic	B-Architecture
disk	I-Architecture
and	O
is	O
accessed	O
through	O
a	O
write-head	O
and	O
read-head	O
(	O
or	O
read-element	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TDMR	B-Architecture
allows	O
greater	O
storage	B-General_Concept
capacity	I-General_Concept
by	O
advantageously	O
combining	O
signals	O
simultaneously	O
from	O
multiple	O
read-back	O
heads	O
to	O
enhance	O
the	O
recovery	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
of	O
data-tracks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
manner	O
,	O
data	O
can	O
be	O
stored	O
with	O
higher	O
areal-density	B-Device
on	O
the	O
disks	O
thus	O
providing	O
higher	O
capacity	O
in	O
each	O
HDD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TDMR	B-Architecture
is	O
a	O
read-back	O
technology	O
and	O
thus	O
applies	O
equally	O
well	O
to	O
future	O
recording	O
(	O
writing	O
)	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
Heat-Assisted	O
Magnetic	B-Architecture
Recording	I-Architecture
(	O
HAMR	O
)	O
and	O
Microwave-Assisted	O
Magnetic	B-Architecture
Recording	I-Architecture
(	O
MAMR	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TDMR	B-Architecture
approach	O
arose	O
from	O
a	O
working	O
group	O
set	O
up	O
under	O
to	O
explore	O
alternative	O
future	O
storage	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
initial	O
concept	O
,	O
the	O
data-tracks	O
were	O
assumed	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
narrow	O
tracks	O
created	O
by	O
shingled	B-Device
recording	I-Device
and	O
subject	O
to	O
considerable	O
mutual	O
interference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
technique	O
was	O
viewed	O
as	O
akin	O
to	O
PRML	B-Device
in	O
providing	O
gains	O
similar	O
to	O
and	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
gains	O
from	O
PRML	B-Device
but	O
operating	O
across	O
the	O
tracks	O
rather	O
than	O
down	O
the	O
track	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
M	O
.	O
Fatih	O
Erden	O
announced	O
at	O
the	O
TMRC	O
conference	O
that	O
Seagate	O
had	O
been	O
shipping	O
HDDs	O
with	O
TDMR	B-Architecture
since	O
earlier	O
that	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
actual	O
first	O
implementations	O
of	O
TDMR	B-Architecture
are	O
much	O
simpler	O
and	O
very	O
different	O
to	O
the	O
scenario	O
originally	O
envisioned	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
downtrack	O
)	O
and	O
rely	O
on	O
the	O
skew	O
arising	O
from	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
rotary	B-Algorithm
actuator	I-Algorithm
to	O
create	O
some	O
cross-track	O
separation	O
between	O
the	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
TDMR	B-Architecture
approach	O
is	O
being	O
applied	O
to	O
both	O
Shingled	O
(	O
SMR	O
)	O
and	O
conventional	O
PMR	B-Device
HDDs	O
.	O
</s>
