<s>
A	O
translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
(	O
TMS	O
)	O
,	O
formerly	O
globalization	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
(	O
GMS	O
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
software	O
for	O
automating	B-Application
many	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
language	O
translation	O
process	O
and	O
maximizing	O
translator	O
efficiency	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
idea	O
of	O
a	O
translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
is	O
to	O
automate	O
all	O
repeatable	O
and	O
non-essential	O
work	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
by	O
software/systems	O
and	O
leaving	O
only	O
the	O
creative	O
work	O
of	O
translation	O
and	O
review	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
by	O
human	O
beings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
generally	O
includes	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
technology	O
:	O
process	B-Operating_System
management	I-Operating_System
technology	O
to	O
automate	O
the	O
flow	B-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
work	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
linguistic	O
technology	O
to	O
aid	O
the	O
translator	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
typical	O
TMS	O
,	O
process	B-Operating_System
management	I-Operating_System
technology	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
monitor	O
source	O
language	O
content	O
for	O
changes	O
and	O
route	O
the	O
content	O
to	O
various	O
translators	O
and	O
reviewers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
are	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
today	O
for	O
managing	O
various	O
aspects	O
translation	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
(	O
TMS	O
)	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
currently	O
favoured	O
term	O
in	O
the	O
language	O
localisation	O
industry	O
,	O
these	O
solutions	O
are	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
globalization	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
(	O
GMS	O
)	O
or	O
global	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
(	O
GCMS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
work	O
with	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
(	O
CMS	B-Protocol
)	O
as	O
separate	O
,	O
but	O
linked	O
programs	O
or	O
as	O
simple	O
add-ons	O
that	O
can	O
answer	O
specific	O
multilingual	O
requirements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
TMS	O
typically	O
connects	O
to	O
a	O
CMS	B-Protocol
to	O
manage	O
foreign	O
language	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Business	O
process	B-Operating_System
management	I-Operating_System
:	O
workflow	B-Operating_System
,	O
collaboration	O
,	O
content	O
connectors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Language	O
management	O
:	O
integrated	O
translation	B-General_Concept
memory	I-General_Concept
,	O
webtop	O
translation	O
tools	O
,	O
customer	O
review	O
and	O
markup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CMS	B-Protocol
excels	O
at	O
process	B-Operating_System
management	I-Operating_System
while	O
ignoring	O
business	O
management	O
and	O
translation	O
tools	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
strongholds	O
of	O
TMS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
measurable	O
benefits	O
of	O
using	O
a	O
TMS	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
found	O
in	O
a	O
CMS	B-Protocol
,	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
multilingual	O
twist	O
:	O
the	O
localization	O
workflow	B-Operating_System
is	O
automated	O
,	O
thus	O
reducing	O
management	O
and	O
overhead	O
costs	O
and	O
time	O
for	O
everyone	O
involved	O
;	O
localization	O
costs	O
are	O
reduced	O
,	O
time	O
to	O
market	O
is	O
decreased	O
and	O
translation	O
quality	O
improves	O
;	O
finally	O
,	O
the	O
cooperation	O
between	O
headquarters	O
and	O
national	O
branches	O
increases	O
thanks	O
to	O
more	O
thorough	O
reporting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
typical	O
TMS	O
workflow	B-Operating_System
goes	O
through	O
the	O
following	O
steps	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Content	O
is	O
automatically	O
extracted	O
from	O
the	O
CMS	B-Protocol
and	O
packaged	O
for	O
transmission	O
to	O
the	O
TMS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Project	O
managers	O
customise	O
workflows	B-Operating_System
to	O
match	O
their	O
business	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Every	O
participant	O
in	O
the	O
workflow	B-Operating_System
receives	O
a	O
notification	O
where	O
there	O
is	O
new	O
work	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
unique	O
number	O
is	O
assigned	O
to	O
every	O
project	O
and	O
every	O
task	O
for	O
traceability	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Finally	O
,	O
the	O
translated	O
materials	O
are	O
returned	O
into	O
their	O
CMS	B-Protocol
for	O
publishing	O
and	O
productivity	O
and	O
efficiency	O
metrics	O
are	O
available	O
through	O
reports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linguistic	O
technology	O
generally	O
includes	O
at	O
least	O
translation	B-General_Concept
memory	I-General_Concept
and	O
terminology	O
database	O
;	O
some	O
systems	O
also	O
integrate	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Translation	B-General_Concept
memory	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
database	O
of	O
all	O
previously	O
translated	O
sentences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
system	I-Application
is	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
uses	O
natural	B-Language
language	I-Language
processing	I-Language
technology	O
to	O
automatically	O
translate	O
a	O
text	O
from	O
one	O
language	O
to	O
another	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
LSPs	O
got	O
nervous	O
when	O
SDL	O
bought	O
Trados	B-Application
in	O
2005	O
,	O
becoming	O
the	O
biggest	O
translation	O
technology	O
provider	O
,	O
while	O
still	O
having	O
language	O
services	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
activities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
,	O
competitive	O
cloud	O
translation	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
that	O
combine	O
TMS	O
functionality	O
with	O
CAT	B-Application
tools	I-Application
and	O
online	O
translation	O
editors	O
,	O
started	O
making	O
their	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
