<s>
Transform	B-Algorithm
,	I-Algorithm
clipping	I-Algorithm
,	I-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
lighting	I-Algorithm
(	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
or	O
TCL	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
term	O
used	O
in	O
computer	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Clipping	B-Algorithm
means	O
only	O
drawing	O
the	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
scene	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
picture	O
after	O
rendering	O
is	O
completed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
had	O
been	O
used	O
by	O
arcade	O
game	O
system	O
boards	O
since	O
1993	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
home	B-Device
video	I-Device
game	I-Device
consoles	I-Device
since	O
the	O
Sega	B-Operating_System
Genesis	I-Operating_System
's	O
Virtua	O
Processor	O
(	O
SVP	O
)	O
,	O
Sega	B-Device
Saturn	I-Device
's	O
SCU-DSP	O
and	O
Sony	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
's	O
GTE	O
in	O
1994	O
and	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
's	O
RSP	O
in	O
1996	O
,	O
though	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
traditional	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
,	O
but	O
still	O
software	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
running	O
on	O
a	O
coprocessor	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
CPU	B-Device
,	O
and	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
rudimentary	O
programmable	O
pixel	O
and	O
vertex	O
shaders	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
traditional	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
would	O
appear	O
on	O
consoles	O
with	O
the	O
GameCube	B-Application
and	O
Xbox	B-Application
in	O
2001	O
(	O
the	O
PS2	O
still	O
using	O
a	O
vector	O
coprocessor	O
for	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
implemented	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
in	O
software	O
until	O
1999	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
believed	O
faster	O
CPUs	B-Device
would	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
keep	O
pace	O
with	O
demands	O
for	O
ever	O
more	O
realistic	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
3D	O
computer	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
were	O
producing	O
increasingly	O
complex	O
scenes	O
and	O
detailed	O
lighting	O
effects	O
much	O
faster	O
than	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
CPU	B-Device
processing	O
power	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nvidia	O
's	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
was	O
released	O
in	O
late	O
1999	O
and	O
introduced	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
support	O
for	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
to	O
the	O
consumer	O
PC	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
had	O
faster	O
vertex	O
processing	O
not	O
only	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
hardware	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
also	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
cache	O
that	O
avoided	O
having	O
to	O
process	O
the	O
same	O
vertex	O
twice	O
in	O
certain	O
situations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
DirectX	B-Application
7.0	I-Application
(	O
particularly	O
Direct3D	B-Application
7	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
release	O
of	O
that	O
API	O
to	O
support	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
,	O
OpenGL	B-Application
had	O
supported	O
it	O
much	O
longer	O
and	O
was	O
typically	O
the	O
purview	O
of	O
older	O
professionally	O
oriented	O
3D	B-Architecture
accelerators	I-Architecture
which	O
were	O
designed	O
for	O
computer-aided	B-Application
design	I-Application
(	O
CAD	B-Application
)	O
instead	O
of	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
S3	O
Graphics	O
launched	O
the	O
Savage	B-Device
2000	I-Device
accelerator	O
in	O
late	O
1999	O
,	O
shortly	O
after	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
,	O
but	O
S3	O
never	O
developed	O
working	O
Direct3D	B-Application
7.0	O
drivers	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
enabled	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
did	O
not	O
have	O
broad	O
application	O
support	O
in	O
games	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
(	O
mainly	O
due	O
to	O
Direct3D	B-Application
games	O
transforming	O
their	O
geometry	O
on	O
the	O
CPU	B-Device
and	O
not	O
being	O
allowed	O
to	O
use	O
indexed	O
geometries	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
critics	O
contended	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
little	O
real-world	O
value	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
only	O
somewhat	O
beneficial	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
OpenGL-based	O
3D	O
first-person	O
shooter	O
titles	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
most	O
notably	O
Quake	B-Application
III	I-Application
Arena	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
3dfx	O
and	O
other	O
competing	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
companies	O
contended	O
that	O
a	O
fast	O
CPU	B-Device
would	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
unit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
's	O
initial	O
response	O
to	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
was	O
the	O
dual-chip	O
Rage	B-Device
Fury	I-Device
MAXX	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
using	O
two	O
Rage	B-Device
128	I-Device
chips	O
,	O
each	O
rendering	O
an	O
alternate	O
frame	O
,	O
the	O
card	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
somewhat	O
approach	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
SDR	O
memory	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
cards	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
DDR	I-Device
still	O
retained	O
the	O
top	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
was	O
developing	O
their	O
own	O
GPU	B-Architecture
at	O
the	O
time	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
which	O
also	O
implemented	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
3dfx	O
's	O
Voodoo5	B-General_Concept
5500	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
unit	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
match	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
,	O
although	O
the	O
Voodoo5	B-General_Concept
was	O
late	O
to	O
market	O
and	O
by	O
its	O
release	O
it	O
could	O
not	O
match	O
the	O
succeeding	O
GeForce	O
2	O
GTS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
STMicroelectronics	O
 '	O
PowerVR	O
Kyro	O
II	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
2001	O
,	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
rival	O
the	O
costlier	O
ATI	O
Radeon	B-Device
DDR	O
and	O
NVIDIA	O
GeForce	O
2	O
GTS	O
in	O
benchmarks	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
despite	O
not	O
having	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
transform	I-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
lighting	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
games	O
were	O
optimised	O
for	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
transform	I-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
lighting	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
KYRO	O
II	O
lost	O
its	O
performance	O
advantage	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
supported	O
by	O
most	O
modern	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Futuremark	O
's	O
3DMark	O
2000	O
heavily	O
utilized	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
Voodoo	B-General_Concept
5	I-General_Concept
and	O
Kyro	O
II	O
both	O
scoring	O
poorly	O
in	O
the	O
benchmark	O
tests	O
,	O
behind	O
budget	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
video	B-Device
cards	I-Device
such	O
as	O
the	O
GeForce	O
2	O
MX	O
and	O
Radeon	B-Device
SDR	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2000	O
,	O
only	O
ATI	O
with	O
their	O
comparable	O
Radeon	B-Device
7xxx	I-Device
series	O
,	O
would	O
remain	O
in	O
direct	O
competition	O
with	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
and	O
GeForce	O
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2001	O
,	O
all	O
discrete	B-Device
graphics	I-Device
chips	O
would	O
have	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
of	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
assured	O
the	O
GeForce	O
and	O
Radeon	B-Device
of	O
a	O
strong	O
future	O
,	O
unlike	O
its	O
Direct3D	B-Application
6	O
predecessors	O
which	O
relied	O
upon	O
software	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
does	O
not	O
add	O
new	O
rendering	O
features	O
,	O
the	O
extra	O
performance	O
allowed	O
for	O
much	O
more	O
complex	O
scenes	O
and	O
an	O
increasing	O
number	O
of	O
games	O
recommended	O
it	O
anyway	O
to	O
run	O
at	O
optimal	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GPUs	B-Architecture
that	O
support	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
in	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
are	O
usually	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
DirectX	B-Application
7.0	I-Application
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
had	O
become	O
standard	O
in	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
,	O
the	O
next	O
step	O
in	O
computer	O
3D	O
graphics	O
was	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.0	I-Application
with	O
fully	O
programmable	O
vertex	O
and	O
pixel	O
shaders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nonetheless	O
,	O
many	O
early	O
games	O
using	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.0	I-Application
shaders	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Half-Life	B-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
made	O
that	O
feature	O
optional	O
so	O
DirectX	B-Application
7.0	I-Application
hardware	B-Algorithm
T&L	I-Algorithm
GPUs	B-Architecture
could	O
still	O
run	O
the	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
256	I-Device
was	O
supported	O
in	O
games	O
up	O
until	O
approximately	O
2006	O
,	O
in	O
games	O
such	O
as	O
Star	B-Application
Wars	I-Application
:	I-Application
Empire	I-Application
at	I-Application
War	I-Application
.	O
</s>
