<s>
Transfer-based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
(	O
MT	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
currently	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
widely	O
used	O
methods	O
of	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
simpler	O
direct	B-General_Concept
model	I-General_Concept
of	O
MT	O
,	O
transfer	O
MT	O
breaks	O
translation	O
into	O
three	O
steps	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
language	O
text	O
to	O
determine	O
its	O
grammatical	O
structure	O
,	O
transfer	O
of	O
the	O
resulting	O
structure	O
to	O
a	O
structure	O
suitable	O
for	O
generating	O
text	O
in	O
the	O
target	O
language	O
,	O
and	O
finally	O
generation	O
of	O
this	O
text	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
transfer-based	O
and	O
interlingua-based	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
have	O
the	O
same	O
idea	O
:	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
translation	O
it	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
intermediate	O
representation	O
that	O
captures	O
the	O
"	O
meaning	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
sentence	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
generate	O
the	O
correct	O
translation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
way	O
in	O
which	O
transfer-based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
systems	O
work	O
varies	O
substantially	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
general	O
they	O
follow	O
the	O
same	O
pattern	O
:	O
they	O
apply	O
sets	O
of	O
linguistic	O
rules	O
which	O
are	O
defined	O
as	O
correspondences	O
between	O
the	O
structure	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
language	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
target	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
stage	O
involves	O
analysing	O
the	O
input	O
text	O
for	O
morphology	O
and	O
syntax	B-Application
(	O
and	O
sometimes	O
semantics	B-Application
)	O
to	O
create	O
an	O
internal	O
representation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
rule-based	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
system	I-Application
the	O
original	O
text	O
is	O
first	O
analysed	O
morphologically	O
and	O
syntactically	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
obtain	O
a	O
syntactic	O
representation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
involve	O
part-of-speech	O
tagging	O
and	O
word	B-General_Concept
sense	I-General_Concept
disambiguation	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
previous	O
stages	O
deal	O
with	O
words	O
,	O
this	O
stage	O
deals	O
with	O
larger	O
constituents	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
phrases	O
and	O
chunks	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
features	O
of	O
transfer-based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
systems	O
is	O
a	O
phase	O
that	O
"	O
transfers	O
"	O
an	O
intermediate	O
representation	O
of	O
the	O
text	O
in	O
the	O
original	O
language	O
to	O
an	O
intermediate	O
representation	O
of	O
text	O
in	O
the	O
target	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Deep	B-General_Concept
transfer	I-General_Concept
(	O
or	O
semantic	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
