<s>
Toybox	B-Language
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
implementation	O
of	O
over	O
200	O
Unix	B-Application
command	I-Application
line	O
utilities	O
such	O
as	O
ls	B-Application
,	O
cp	B-Application
,	O
and	O
mv	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Toybox	B-Language
project	O
was	O
started	O
in	O
2006	O
,	O
and	O
became	O
a	O
0BSD	B-Operating_System
licensed	O
BusyBox	B-Application
alternative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
is	O
used	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
Android	B-Application
's	O
command	O
line	O
tools	O
in	O
all	O
currently	O
supported	O
Android	B-Application
versions	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
to	O
build	O
Android	B-Application
on	O
Linux	O
and	O
macOS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
aims	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
BSD	O
licensed	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
GPL	B-License
licensed	O
BusyBox	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
's	O
major	O
technical	O
design	O
goals	O
are	O
simplicity	O
,	O
smallness	O
,	O
speed	O
and	O
standard	O
compliance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
aims	O
to	O
be	O
mostly	O
POSIX-2008	O
and	O
LSB	B-Application
4.1	I-Application
compatible	O
,	O
and	O
does	O
n't	O
focus	O
on	O
having	O
every	O
option	O
found	O
in	O
GNU	B-Application
counterparts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
is	O
licensed	O
using	O
the	O
permissive	B-License
0BSD	B-Operating_System
license	O
,	O
where	O
BusyBox	B-Application
uses	O
the	O
copyleft	B-License
GNU	B-License
General	I-License
Public	I-License
License	I-License
,	O
which	B-Device
led	O
to	O
different	O
usage	O
domains	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BusyBox	B-Application
is	O
mostly	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
copyleft	B-License
FOSS	B-License
domain	O
,	O
while	O
Toybox	B-Language
is	O
used	O
mostly	O
with	O
permissive	B-License
licensed	O
projects	O
and	O
by	O
commercial	O
companies	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
Android	I-Application
,	O
which	B-Device
is	O
an	O
explicit	O
target	O
of	O
Toybox	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Feature-wise	O
,	O
Toybox	B-Language
has	O
not	O
reached	O
parity	O
with	O
BusyBox	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toybox	B-Language
was	O
started	O
in	O
early	O
2006	O
by	O
Rob	O
Landley	O
after	O
he	O
ended	O
his	O
BusyBox	B-Application
maintainership	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
dispute	O
with	O
Bruce	O
Perens	O
,	O
the	O
original	O
creator	O
of	O
BusyBox	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rob	O
Landley	O
resumed	O
work	O
on	O
Toybox	B-Language
,	O
starting	O
with	O
relicensing	O
from	O
the	O
GPL-2.0-only	B-License
license	O
to	O
the	O
BSD-2-Clause	B-Operating_System
license	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
superseding	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
command	O
line	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	B-Device
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
2012	O
,	O
Sony	O
employee	O
Tim	O
Bird	O
suggested	O
creating	O
a	O
permissively	O
licensed	O
alternative	O
to	O
BusyBox	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
relicensed	O
to	O
an	O
even	O
more	O
permissive	B-License
0BSD	B-Operating_System
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	B-Device
the	O
end	O
of	O
2014	O
,	O
Toybox	B-Language
was	O
integrated	O
into	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
6.0.x	I-Application
"	O
Marshmallow	B-Application
"	O
development	O
branches	O
for	O
use	O
on	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
a	O
host	O
Toybox	B-Language
prebuilt	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
AOSP	O
to	O
help	B-Protocol
make	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
build	O
itself	O
more	O
hermetic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2012	O
the	O
proposal	O
of	O
creating	O
a	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
license	I-Operating_System
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
GPL	B-License
licensed	O
BusyBox	B-Application
project	O
drew	O
harsh	O
criticism	O
from	O
Matthew	O
Garrett	O
for	O
taking	O
away	O
the	O
only	O
relevant	O
tool	O
for	O
copyright	O
enforcement	O
of	O
the	O
Software	O
Freedom	O
Conservancy	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rob	O
Landley	O
,	O
who	B-Application
had	O
started	O
the	O
BusyBox-based	O
lawsuits	O
,	O
responded	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
intentional	O
,	O
explaining	O
that	O
the	O
lawsuits	O
had	O
not	O
benefited	O
the	O
project	O
but	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
led	O
to	O
corporate	O
avoidance	O
,	O
expressing	O
a	O
desire	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
lawsuits	O
"	O
in	O
whatever	O
way	O
I	O
see	O
fit	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
Toybox	B-Language
documentation	O
lists	O
an	O
overview	O
of	O
the	O
available	O
,	O
partially	O
available	O
,	O
and	O
missing	O
commands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
acpi	B-Device
—	O
Show	O
status	O
of	O
power	O
sources	O
and	O
thermal	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ar	B-Application
—	O
Create	O
,	O
modify	O
,	O
and	O
extract	O
from	O
archives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
arch	O
—	O
Print	O
machine	O
(	O
hardware	O
)	O
name	O
,	O
same	O
as	O
uname	B-Device
-m	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ascii	B-Protocol
—	O
Display	O
ascii	B-Protocol
character	I-Protocol
set	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
at	B-Device
—	O
Execute	O
commands	O
at	B-Device
a	O
later	O
time	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
awk	B-Application
—	O
pattern	O
scanning	O
and	O
processing	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
base64	B-Protocol
—	O
Encode	O
or	O
decode	O
in	O
base64	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
basename	B-Application
—	O
Return	O
non-directory	O
portion	O
of	O
a	O
pathname	O
removing	O
suffix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
bc	B-Application
—	O
Arbitrary-precision	O
arithmetic	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
blkid	B-Application
—	O
Print	O
type	O
,	O
label	O
and	O
UUID	O
of	O
filesystem	O
on	O
a	O
block	O
device	O
or	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
bunzip2	B-Application
—	O
Decompress	O
bzip2	B-Application
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
—	O
Decompress	O
bzip2	B-Application
files	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cal	B-Application
—	O
Print	O
a	O
calendar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cat	B-Device
—	O
Copy	O
(	O
concatenate	O
)	O
files	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cd	B-Application
—	O
Change	O
the	O
working	O
directory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chattr	B-Device
—	O
Change	O
file	B-Application
attributes	O
on	O
a	O
Linux	O
file	B-Application
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chgrp	B-Application
—	O
Change	O
group	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chmod	B-Application
—	O
Change	O
mode	O
of	O
listed	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chown	B-Device
—	O
Change	O
owner	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chroot	B-Application
—	O
Run	O
command	O
within	O
a	O
new	O
root	O
directory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chrt	O
—	O
Get/set	O
a	O
process	O
 '	O
real-time	O
scheduling	O
policy	O
and	O
priority	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
chsh	B-Device
—	O
Change	O
your	O
login	B-General_Concept
shell	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cksum	B-Device
—	O
For	O
each	O
file	B-Application
,	O
output	O
crc32	O
checksum	O
value	O
,	O
length	O
and	O
name	O
of	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
clear	B-Device
—	O
Clear	B-Device
the	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cmp	B-Application
—	O
Compare	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
two	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
comm	B-Application
—	O
Select	O
or	O
reject	O
lines	O
common	O
to	O
two	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cp	B-Application
—	O
Copy	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
cpio	B-Application
—	O
Copy	O
files	O
into	O
and	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
"	O
newc	O
"	O
format	O
cpio	B-Application
archive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
crc32	O
—	O
Output	O
crc32	O
checksum	O
for	O
each	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
cut	B-Device
—	O
Print	O
selected	O
parts	O
of	O
lines	O
from	O
each	O
FILE	B-Application
to	O
standard	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dd	B-Application
—	O
Convert	O
and	O
copy	O
a	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
date	O
—	O
Set/get	O
the	O
current	O
date/time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
df	B-Device
—	O
Shows	O
total/used/available	O
disk	O
space	O
for	O
each	O
filesystem	O
listed	O
on	O
the	O
command	O
line	O
,	O
or	O
all	O
currently	O
mounted	O
filesystems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
diff	B-Application
-	O
Compare	O
two	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dirname	B-Device
—	O
Show	O
directory	O
portion	O
of	O
path	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dmesg	B-Device
—	O
Print	O
or	O
control	O
the	O
kernel	O
ring	O
buffer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dnsdomainname	O
—	O
Show	O
domain	O
this	O
system	O
belongs	O
to	O
(	O
same	O
as	O
hostname	B-Protocol
-d	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dos2unix	B-Device
—	O
Convert	O
newline	O
format	O
from	O
dos	O
"	O
\r\n	O
 "	O
to	O
unix	B-Application
"	O
\n	O
 "	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
du	B-Application
—	O
Show	O
disk	B-Application
usage	I-Application
,	O
space	O
consumed	O
by	O
files	O
and	O
directories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
echo	B-Application
—	O
Write	O
each	O
argument	O
to	O
stdout	O
,	O
with	O
one	O
space	O
between	O
each	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
newline	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
env	B-Device
—	O
Set	O
the	O
environment	O
for	O
command	O
invocation	O
,	O
or	O
list	O
environment	O
variables	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
expand	B-Device
—	O
Expand	B-Device
tabs	O
to	O
spaces	O
according	O
to	O
tabstops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
factor	B-Application
—	O
Factor	B-Application
integers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fallocate	O
—	O
Tell	O
the	O
filesystem	O
to	O
allocate	O
space	O
for	O
a	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
false	B-Device
—	O
Return	O
nonzero	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fdisk	B-Application
—	O
Manipulate	O
disk	O
partition	O
table	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fgrep	B-Application
—	O
Show	O
lines	O
matching	O
regular	O
expressions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
file	B-Application
—	O
Examine	O
the	O
given	O
files	O
and	O
describe	O
their	O
content	O
types	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
find	B-Application
—	O
Search	O
directories	O
for	O
matching	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
flock	O
—	O
Manage	O
advisory	O
file	B-Application
locks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fold	B-Device
—	O
Filter	O
for	O
folding	O
lines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fmt	B-Application
—	O
Reformat	O
input	O
to	O
wordwrap	O
at	B-Device
a	O
given	O
line	O
length	O
,	O
preserving	O
existing	O
indentation	O
level	O
,	O
writing	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fsync	B-Language
—	O
Synchronize	O
a	O
file	B-Application
's	O
in-core	O
state	O
with	O
storage	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ftpget	O
—	O
Use	O
File	B-Protocol
Transfer	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
FTP	B-Protocol
)	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
file	B-Application
from	O
an	O
FTP	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
ftpput	O
—	O
Use	O
File	B-Protocol
Transfer	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
FTP	B-Protocol
)	O
to	O
put	O
a	O
file	B-Application
to	O
an	O
FTP	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
grep	B-Application
—	O
Show	O
lines	O
matching	O
regular	O
expressions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
gunzip	B-Application
—	O
Decompress	O
gz	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
head	B-Device
—	O
Copy	O
first	O
lines	O
from	O
files	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
help	B-Protocol
—	O
Show	O
usage	O
information	O
for	O
toybox	B-Language
commands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
hexedit	B-Application
—	O
Hexadecimal	O
file	B-Application
editor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
hostname	B-Protocol
—	O
Get/set	O
the	O
current	O
hostname	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
iconv	B-Language
—	O
Convert	O
character	O
encoding	O
of	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
id	B-Application
—	O
Print	O
user	O
and	O
group	O
ID	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ifconfig	B-Protocol
—	O
Display	O
or	O
configure	O
network	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
insmod	B-Application
—	O
Load	O
the	O
module	O
named	O
MODULE	O
passing	O
options	O
if	O
given	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
install	B-Device
—	O
Copy	O
files	O
and	O
set	O
attributes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ionice	B-Device
—	O
Change	O
the	O
I/O	O
scheduling	O
priority	O
of	O
a	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
kill	B-Operating_System
—	O
Send	O
signal	O
to	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
killall	B-Device
—	O
Send	O
a	O
signal	O
(	O
default	O
:	O
TERM	O
)	O
to	O
all	O
processes	O
with	O
the	O
given	O
names	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
link	B-Device
—	O
Create	O
hardlink	O
to	O
a	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ln	B-Device
—	O
Create	O
a	O
link	B-Device
between	O
FROM	O
and	O
TO	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
login	B-General_Concept
—	O
Log	O
in	O
as	O
a	O
user	O
,	O
prompting	O
for	O
username	O
and	O
password	O
if	O
necessary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
logname	B-Device
—	O
Print	O
the	O
current	O
user	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
losetup	B-Application
—	O
Associate	O
a	O
loopback	O
device	O
with	O
a	O
file	B-Application
,	O
or	O
show	O
current	O
file	B-Application
(	O
if	O
any	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
loop	B-Application
device	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ls	B-Application
—	O
List	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
lsattr	B-Device
—	O
List	O
file	B-Application
attributes	O
on	O
a	O
Linux	O
file	B-Application
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
lsmod	B-Application
—	O
Display	O
the	O
currently	O
loaded	O
modules	O
,	O
their	O
sizes	O
and	O
their	O
dependencies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
lspci	B-Application
—	O
List	O
PCI	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
md5sum	B-Device
—	O
Calculate	O
md5	O
hash	O
for	O
each	O
input	O
file	B-Application
,	O
reading	O
from	O
stdin	O
if	O
none	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mkdir	B-Application
—	O
Create	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
directories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mkfifo	B-Device
—	O
Create	O
FIFOs	O
(	O
named	O
pipes	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mknod	O
—	O
Create	O
a	O
special	O
file	B-Application
NAME	O
with	O
a	O
given	O
type	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mkswap	B-Application
—	O
Set	O
up	O
a	O
Linux	O
swap	O
area	O
on	O
a	O
device	O
or	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
mktemp	B-Device
—	O
Safely	O
create	O
a	O
new	O
file	B-Application
"	O
DIR/TEMPLATE	O
"	O
and	O
print	O
its	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
mount	B-Device
—	O
Mount	B-Device
new	O
filesystems	O
on	O
directories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nc/netcat	O
—	O
Forward	O
stdin/stdout	O
to	O
a	O
file	B-Application
or	O
network	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
netstat	B-Application
—	O
Display	O
networking	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nice	B-Device
—	O
Run	O
a	O
command	O
line	O
at	B-Device
an	O
increased	O
or	O
decreased	O
scheduling	O
priority	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nl	B-Device
—	O
Number	O
lines	O
of	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nohup	B-Device
—	O
Run	O
a	O
command	O
that	O
survives	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
its	O
terminal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
od	B-Device
—	O
Dump	O
data	O
in	O
octal/hex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
partprobe	B-Application
—	O
Tell	O
the	O
kernel	O
about	O
partition	O
table	O
changes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
passwd	B-Protocol
—	O
Update	O
user	O
's	O
authentication	O
tokens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
paste	B-Device
—	O
Merge	O
corresponding	O
lines	O
from	O
each	O
input	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
patch	B-Application
—	O
Apply	O
a	O
unified	O
diff	B-Application
to	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
pgrep	B-Device
—	O
Search	O
for	O
process(es )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ping	B-Protocol
—	O
Check	O
network	O
connectivity	O
by	O
sending	O
packets	O
to	O
a	O
host	O
and	O
reporting	O
its	O
response	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
pivot	B-Application
root	I-Application
—	O
Swap	O
OLD	O
and	O
NEW	O
filesystems	O
(	O
as	O
if	O
by	O
simultaneous	O
mount	B-Device
—	O
move	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
move	O
all	O
processes	O
with	O
chdir	B-Application
or	O
chroot	B-Application
under	O
OLD	O
into	O
NEW	O
(	O
including	O
kernel	O
threads	O
)	O
so	O
OLD	O
may	O
be	O
unmounted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
printf	B-Device
—	O
Format	O
and	O
print	O
ARGUMENT	O
according	O
to	O
FORMAT	O
,	O
using	O
C	B-Language
printf	B-Device
syntax	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ps	B-Application
—	O
List	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
pwd	B-Protocol
—	O
Print	O
working	O
(	O
current	O
)	O
directory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
readahead	B-Application
—	O
Preload	O
files	O
into	O
disk	O
cache	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
readlink	B-Application
—	O
Show	O
what	O
symlink	O
points	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
reboot	B-Device
—	O
Restart	O
,	O
halt	O
or	O
powerdown	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
reset	B-General_Concept
—	O
Reset	B-General_Concept
the	O
terminal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
rm	B-Application
—	O
Remove	O
each	O
argument	O
from	O
the	O
filesystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
rmdir	B-Device
—	O
Remove	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
directories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
rtcwake	O
—	O
Enter	O
the	O
given	O
sleep	B-Application
state	O
until	O
the	O
given	O
time	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
sed	B-Application
—	O
Stream	B-Application
editor	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
seq	B-Device
—	O
Count	O
from	O
first	O
to	O
last	O
,	O
by	O
increment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sha1sum	O
—	O
Calculate	O
sha	O
hash	O
for	O
each	O
input	O
file	B-Application
,	O
reading	O
from	O
stdin	O
if	O
none	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
shred	B-Application
—	O
Securely	O
delete	O
a	O
file	B-Application
by	O
overwriting	O
its	O
contents	O
with	O
random	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sleep	B-Application
—	O
Wait	O
before	O
exiting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sntp	O
—	O
Simple	O
Network	O
Time	B-Device
Protocol	O
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sort	B-Application
—	O
Sort	B-Application
all	O
lines	O
of	O
text	O
from	O
input	O
files	O
(	O
or	O
stdin	O
)	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
split	B-Application
—	O
Copy	O
INPUT	O
(	O
or	O
stdin	O
)	O
data	O
to	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
OUTPUT	O
(	O
or	O
"	O
x	O
"	O
)	O
files	O
with	O
alphabetically	O
increasing	O
suffix	O
(	O
aa	O
,	O
ab	O
,	O
ac	O
...	O
az	O
,	O
ba	O
,	O
bb	O
...	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
stat	B-Language
—	O
Display	O
status	O
of	O
files	O
or	O
filesystems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
su	B-Device
—	O
Switch	O
user	O
,	O
prompting	O
for	O
password	O
of	O
new	O
user	O
when	O
not	O
run	O
as	O
root	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
swapoff	B-Application
—	O
Disable	O
swapping	O
on	O
a	O
given	O
swapregion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
swapon	B-Application
—	O
Enable	O
swapping	O
on	O
a	O
given	O
device/file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
switch	O
root	O
—	O
Use	O
from	O
PID	O
1	O
under	O
initramfs	B-Application
to	O
free	O
initramfs	B-Application
,	O
chroot	B-Application
to	O
NEW_ROOT	O
,	O
and	O
exec	O
NEW_INIT	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sync	B-Language
—	O
Write	O
pending	O
cached	O
data	O
to	O
disk	O
(	O
synchronize	O
)	O
,	O
blocking	O
until	O
done	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
sysctl	B-Application
—	O
Read/write	O
system	O
control	O
data	O
(	O
under	O
/proc/sys	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
tac	B-Device
—	O
Output	O
lines	O
in	O
reverse	O
order	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
tail	B-Application
—	O
Copy	O
last	O
lines	O
from	O
files	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
tar	B-Application
—	O
Create	O
,	O
extract	O
,	O
or	O
list	O
files	O
in	O
a	O
.tar	B-Application
(	O
or	O
compressed	O
t	O
?	O
z	O
)	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
taskset	O
—	O
Launch	O
a	O
new	O
task	O
which	B-Device
may	O
only	O
run	O
on	O
certain	O
processors	O
,	O
or	O
change	O
the	O
processor	O
affinity	O
of	O
an	O
existing	O
PID	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
tee	B-Operating_System
—	O
Copy	O
stdin	O
to	O
each	O
listed	O
file	B-Application
,	O
and	O
also	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
test	B-Application
—	O
Return	O
true	B-Device
or	O
false	B-Device
by	O
performing	O
tests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
time	B-Device
—	O
Run	O
command	O
line	O
and	O
report	O
real	O
,	O
user	O
,	O
and	O
system	O
time	B-Device
elapsed	O
in	O
seconds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
top	B-Device
—	O
Show	O
process	O
activity	O
in	O
real	O
time	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
touch	B-Application
—	O
Update	O
the	O
access	O
and	O
modification	O
times	O
of	O
each	O
FILE	B-Application
to	O
the	O
current	O
time	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
true	B-Device
—	O
Return	O
zero	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
truncate	B-Language
—	O
Set	O
length	O
of	O
files	O
,	O
extending	O
sparsely	O
if	O
necessary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
tty	B-Device
—	O
Show	O
filename	O
of	O
terminal	O
connected	O
to	O
stdin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
umount	B-Device
—	O
Unmount	O
the	O
listed	O
filesystems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
uname	B-Device
—	O
Print	O
system	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
uniq	B-Application
—	O
Report	O
or	O
filter	O
out	O
repeated	O
lines	O
in	O
a	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
unix2dos	B-Device
—	O
Convert	O
newline	O
format	O
from	O
unix	B-Application
"	O
\n	O
 "	O
to	O
dos	O
"	O
\r\n	O
 "	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
unlink	B-Device
—	O
Delete	O
one	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
uptime	B-Device
—	O
Tell	O
the	O
current	O
time	B-Device
,	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
system	O
has	O
been	O
running	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
system	O
load	O
averages	O
for	O
the	O
past	O
1	O
,	O
5	O
and	O
15	O
minutes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
uudecode	B-Device
—	O
Decode	O
a	O
uuencoded	B-Device
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
uuencode	B-Device
—	O
Encode	O
a	O
binary	O
file	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
vmstat	B-Device
—	O
Print	O
virtual	O
memory	O
statistics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
w	B-Device
—	O
Show	O
who	B-Application
is	O
logged	O
on	O
and	O
since	O
how	O
long	O
they	O
logged	O
in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
wc	B-Application
—	O
Count	O
lines	O
,	O
words	O
,	O
and	O
characters	O
in	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
which	B-Device
—	O
Search	O
$PATH	O
for	O
executable	O
files	O
matching	O
filenames	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
who	B-Application
—	O
Print	O
information	O
about	O
logged	O
in	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
xargs	B-Application
—	O
Run	O
command	O
line	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
times	O
,	O
appending	O
arguments	O
from	O
stdin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
xxd	O
—	O
Hexdump	O
a	O
file	B-Application
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
yes	B-Device
—	O
Repeatedly	O
output	O
line	O
until	O
killed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
zcat	B-Device
—	O
Decompress	O
gz	O
files	O
to	O
stdout	O
.	O
</s>
