<s>
Tidy	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
alternative	O
name	O
for	O
the	O
common	O
statistical	O
form	O
called	O
a	O
model	B-Algorithm
matrix	I-Algorithm
or	O
data	B-Algorithm
matrix	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
data	B-Algorithm
matrix	I-Algorithm
is	O
defined	O
in	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
standard	O
method	O
of	O
displaying	O
a	O
multivariate	O
set	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
is	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
data	B-Algorithm
matrix	I-Algorithm
in	O
which	O
rows	O
correspond	O
to	O
sample	O
individuals	O
and	O
columns	O
to	O
variables	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
entry	O
in	O
the	O
ith	O
row	O
and	O
jth	O
column	O
gives	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
the	O
jth	O
variate	O
as	O
measured	O
or	O
observed	O
on	O
the	O
ith	O
individual	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hadley	O
Wickham	O
later	O
defined	O
"	O
Tidy	B-General_Concept
Data	I-General_Concept
"	O
as	O
data	B-General_Concept
sets	I-General_Concept
that	O
are	O
arranged	O
such	O
that	O
each	O
variable	O
is	O
a	O
column	O
and	O
each	O
observation	O
(	O
or	O
case	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
row	O
.	O
</s>
