<s>
A	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
,	O
also	O
called	O
a	O
laryngophone	B-Algorithm
,	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
that	O
absorbs	O
vibrations	O
directly	O
from	O
the	O
wearer	O
's	O
throat	O
by	O
way	O
of	O
single	O
or	O
dual	O
sensors	O
worn	O
against	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sensors	O
,	O
called	O
transducers	B-Algorithm
,	O
can	O
pick	O
up	O
speech	O
even	O
in	O
extremely	O
noisy	O
or	O
windy	O
environments	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
on	O
a	O
motorcycle	O
or	O
in	O
a	O
nightclub	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advanced	O
laryngophones	B-Algorithm
are	O
able	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
whispers	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
perform	O
well	O
in	O
environments	O
where	O
communicating	O
with	O
others	O
at	O
a	O
distance	O
in	O
silence	O
is	O
required	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
during	O
covert	O
military	O
or	O
law	O
enforcement	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
are	O
also	O
very	O
useful	O
when	O
helmets	O
or	O
respiratory	O
protection	O
is	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
used	O
safely	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
positioned	O
outside	O
the	O
mask	O
's	O
face	O
seal	O
and	O
as	O
such	O
does	O
not	O
compromise	O
the	O
respiratory	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
mask	O
,	O
nor	O
does	O
it	O
violate	O
mask	O
approvals	O
and	O
certification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
is	O
fastened	O
to	O
the	O
neck	O
below	O
the	O
larynx	O
and	O
records	O
a	O
signal	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
sound	O
in	O
the	O
trachea	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
senses	O
the	O
vibration	O
in	O
the	O
wall	O
of	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
can	O
also	O
be	O
known	O
as	O
an	O
accelerometer	O
microphone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
waveform	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
is	O
usually	O
independent	O
on	O
articulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
signal	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
measures	O
fundamental	O
frequency	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
contact	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
simple	O
accelerometer	O
containing	O
a	O
piezo-electric	O
ceramic	O
disc	O
as	O
the	O
pick-up	O
unit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Charles	O
Edmond	O
Prince	O
led	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
for	O
the	O
British	O
during	O
World	O
War	O
I	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
noisy	O
and	O
windy	O
environment	O
of	O
aircraft	O
cockpits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
a	O
3	O
year	O
period	O
from	O
1915-1918	O
they	O
went	O
through	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
prototype	O
and	O
production	O
handheld	O
"	O
airplane	O
telephones	O
"	O
before	O
arriving	O
at	O
a	O
hands	O
free	O
throat	B-Algorithm
mic	I-Algorithm
incorporated	O
into	O
a	O
leather	O
flying	O
helmet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
World	O
War	O
II	O
,	O
German	O
Luftwaffe	O
pilots	O
and	O
panzer	B-Application
crews	O
used	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
in	O
the	O
1970s	O
,	O
researchers	O
explored	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
in	O
speech	O
therapy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
have	O
maintained	O
their	O
presence	O
in	O
the	O
military	O
,	O
law	O
enforcement	O
,	O
and	O
emergency	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newer	O
single-transducer	O
designs	O
are	O
available	O
that	O
make	O
the	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
much	O
more	O
comfortable	O
to	O
wear	O
than	O
earlier	O
units	O
and	O
also	O
better	O
balance	O
transmission	O
quality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
this	O
next	O
generation	O
of	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
provides	O
varying	O
outputs	O
and	O
frequency	O
responses	O
to	O
accommodate	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
professional	O
communication	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
digital	O
and	O
analog	O
portable	O
radios	O
and	O
Terrestrial	O
Trunked	O
Radio	O
(	O
TETRA	O
)	O
and	O
P25	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
throat	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
including	O
wireless	O
throat	B-Algorithm
mics	I-Algorithm
now	O
exist	O
for	O
mobile	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
COVID-19	O
and	O
higher	O
rate	O
of	O
face	O
mask	O
usage	O
throat	B-Algorithm
mics	I-Algorithm
for	O
general	O
use	O
is	O
becoming	O
more	O
common	O
to	O
facilitate	O
communications	O
.	O
</s>
