<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Art	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
Programming	I-General_Concept
(	O
TAOCP	B-General_Concept
)	O
is	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
monograph	O
written	O
by	O
the	O
computer	O
scientist	O
Donald	O
Knuth	O
presenting	O
programming	B-General_Concept
algorithms	O
and	O
their	B-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volumes	O
1	O
–	O
5	O
are	O
intended	O
to	O
represent	O
the	O
central	O
core	O
of	O
computer	B-General_Concept
programming	I-General_Concept
for	O
sequential	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
6	O
(	O
"	O
Satisfiability	O
"	O
)	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
December	O
2015	O
;	O
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
5	O
(	O
"	O
Mathematical	O
Preliminaries	O
Redux	O
;	O
Backtracking	B-Algorithm
;	O
Dancing	B-Algorithm
Links	I-Algorithm
"	O
)	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
November	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
his	O
summer	O
vacations	O
,	O
Knuth	O
was	O
hired	O
by	O
the	O
Burroughs	O
Corporation	O
to	O
write	O
compilers	B-Language
,	O
earning	O
more	O
in	O
his	O
summer	O
months	O
than	O
full	O
professors	O
did	O
for	O
an	O
entire	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
1962	O
,	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
a	O
graduate	O
student	O
in	O
the	O
mathematics	O
department	O
at	O
Caltech	O
,	O
Knuth	O
was	O
approached	O
by	O
Addison-Wesley	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
book	O
about	O
compiler	B-Language
design	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
proposed	O
a	O
larger	O
scope	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1962	O
he	O
worked	O
on	O
a	O
FORTRAN	B-Application
compiler	B-Language
for	O
UNIVAC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
he	O
also	O
came	O
up	O
with	O
a	O
mathematical	O
analysis	O
of	O
linear	B-Algorithm
probing	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
convinced	O
him	O
to	O
present	O
the	O
material	O
with	O
a	O
quantitative	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eight	O
years	O
later	O
,	O
he	O
returned	O
with	O
TEX	B-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
currently	O
used	O
for	O
all	O
volumes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
offer	O
of	O
a	O
so-called	O
Knuth	O
reward	O
check	O
worth	O
"	O
one	O
hexadecimal	O
dollar	O
"	O
(	O
100HEX	O
base	O
16	O
cents	O
,	O
in	O
decimal	B-Application
,	O
is	O
$2.56	O
)	O
for	O
any	O
errors	O
found	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
correction	O
of	O
these	O
errors	O
in	O
subsequent	O
printings	O
,	O
has	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
highly	O
polished	O
and	O
still-authoritative	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
work	O
,	O
long	O
after	O
its	O
first	O
publication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
series	O
of	O
books	O
is	O
affectionately	O
dedicatedto	O
the	O
Type	B-Device
650	I-Device
computer	I-Device
once	O
installed	O
atCase	O
Institute	O
of	O
Technology	O
,	O
with	O
whom	O
I	O
have	O
spent	O
many	O
pleasant	O
evenings.The	O
dedication	O
was	O
worded	O
slightly	O
differently	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
edition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
examples	O
in	O
the	O
books	O
use	O
a	O
language	O
called	O
"	O
MIX	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
"	O
,	O
which	O
runs	O
on	O
the	O
hypothetical	O
MIX	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
the	O
MIX	O
computer	O
is	O
being	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	O
MMIX	O
computer	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
RISC	B-Architecture
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
such	O
as	O
GNU	O
MDK	O
exists	O
to	O
provide	O
emulation	B-Application
of	O
the	O
MIX	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Knuth	O
considers	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
necessary	O
for	O
the	O
speed	O
and	O
memory	B-General_Concept
usage	I-General_Concept
of	O
algorithms	O
to	O
be	O
judged	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Knuth	O
was	O
awarded	O
the	O
1974	O
Turing	O
Award	O
"	O
for	O
his	O
major	O
contributions	O
to	O
the	O
analysis	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
algorithms	I-General_Concept
[…],	O
and	O
in	O
particular	O
for	O
his	O
contributions	O
to	O
the	O
'	O
art	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
computer	I-General_Concept
programming	I-General_Concept
 '	O
through	O
his	O
well-known	O
books	O
in	O
a	O
continuous	O
series	O
by	O
this	O
title.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
American	O
Scientist	O
has	O
included	O
this	O
work	O
among	O
"	O
100	O
or	O
so	O
Books	O
that	O
shaped	O
a	O
Century	O
of	O
Science	O
"	O
,	O
referring	O
to	O
the	O
twentieth	O
century	O
,	O
Covers	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
edition	O
of	O
Volume	O
1	O
quote	O
Bill	O
Gates	O
as	O
saying	O
,	O
"	O
If	O
you	O
think	O
you	O
're	O
a	O
really	O
good	O
programmer	O
…	O
read	O
(	O
Knuth	O
's	O
)	O
Art	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
Programming	I-General_Concept
…	O
You	O
should	O
definitely	O
send	O
me	O
a	O
résumé	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
read	O
the	O
whole	O
thing.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Art	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
Programming	I-General_Concept
,	O
Volumes	O
1-4B	O
Boxed	O
Set	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
3	O
:	O
Sorting	B-Algorithm
and	O
Searching	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
1	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
1	O
:	O
MMIX	O
–	O
A	O
RISC	B-Architecture
Computer	O
for	O
the	O
New	O
Millennium	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
3	O
:	O
Sorting	B-Algorithm
and	O
Searching	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Art	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
Programming	I-General_Concept
,	O
Volumes	O
1-3	O
Boxed	O
Set	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Art	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
Programming	I-General_Concept
,	O
Volumes	O
1-4A	O
Boxed	O
Set	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
1	O
:	O
Bitwise	O
Tricks	O
&	O
Techniques	O
;	O
Binary	B-Application
Decision	I-Application
Diagrams	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
2	O
:	O
Generating	O
All	O
Tuples	B-Application
and	O
Permutations	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
4	O
:	O
Generating	O
All	O
Trees	B-Application
;	O
History	O
of	O
Combinatorial	O
Generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Volume	O
4	O
,	O
Fascicle	O
5	O
:	O
Mathematical	O
Preliminaries	O
Redux	O
;	O
Backtracking	B-Algorithm
;	O
Dancing	B-Algorithm
Links	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
