<s>
A	O
teleprocessing	B-General_Concept
monitor	I-General_Concept
(	O
also	O
,	O
Transaction	B-General_Concept
Processing	I-General_Concept
Monitor	I-General_Concept
or	O
TP	B-General_Concept
Monitor	I-General_Concept
)	O
is	O
a	O
control	O
program	B-Application
that	O
monitors	O
the	O
transfer	O
of	O
data	O
between	O
multiple	O
local	O
and	O
remote	O
terminals	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
the	O
transaction	O
processes	O
completely	O
or	O
,	O
if	O
an	O
error	O
occurs	O
,	O
to	O
take	O
appropriate	O
actions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
mainframe-based	O
wide	O
area	O
networks	O
,	O
where	O
TP	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
manage	O
the	O
transfer	O
of	O
data	O
between	O
several	O
clients	O
making	O
requests	O
to	O
a	O
server	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
TP	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
will	O
control	O
and	O
manage	O
the	O
data	O
smoothly	O
to	O
available	O
servers	O
by	O
detecting	O
hardware	O
failures	O
and	O
switching	O
to	O
another	O
node	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teleprocessing	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
were	O
originally	O
developed	O
to	O
allow	O
several	O
clients	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
one	O
server	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
they	O
developed	O
to	O
what	O
are	O
now	O
known	O
as	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
(	O
TPMs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TP	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
ensure	O
that	O
transactions	O
are	O
not	O
lost	O
or	O
destroyed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sometimes	O
they	O
are	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
,	O
because	O
the	O
client	B-Protocol
sends	O
the	O
data	O
for	O
query	O
or	O
processing	O
to	O
the	O
server	B-Application
database	O
and	O
then	O
it	O
is	O
sent	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
terminal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TP	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
are	O
easily	O
scalable	O
allowing	O
for	O
increase	O
in	O
users	O
and	O
data	O
processed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
the	O
CICS	B-Application
(	O
Customer	B-Application
Information	I-Application
Control	I-Application
System	I-Application
)	O
for	O
IBM	O
mainframes	B-Architecture
introduced	O
in	O
July	O
1969	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
process	O
thousands	O
of	O
transactions	O
per	O
second	O
;	O
IBM	B-Application
Information	I-Application
Management	I-Application
System	I-Application
(	O
IMS	O
,	O
more	O
specifically	O
its	O
IMS	O
TM	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
IMS	O
DC	O
,	O
component	O
)	O
;	O
ACMS	O
(	O
Application	O
Control	O
Management	O
System	O
)	O
for	O
OpenVMS	B-Operating_System
;	O
UNIVAC	O
TIP	O
;	O
Transarc	O
Encina	B-Application
and	O
Oracle	B-Application
Tuxedo	B-Application
are	O
major	O
TP	B-General_Concept
monitors	I-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
Unix	B-Application
client/server	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
