<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
refers	O
to	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
technologies	O
which	O
allow	O
a	O
person	O
to	O
feel	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
present	O
,	O
to	O
give	O
the	O
appearance	O
or	O
effect	O
of	O
being	O
present	O
via	O
telerobotics	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
place	O
other	O
than	O
their	O
true	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
requires	O
that	O
the	O
users	O
 '	O
senses	O
interact	O
with	O
specific	O
stimuli	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
feeling	O
of	O
being	O
in	O
that	O
other	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
popular	O
application	O
is	O
found	O
in	O
telepresence	B-Application
videoconferencing	I-Application
,	O
the	O
highest	O
possible	O
level	O
of	O
videotelephony	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
via	O
video	O
deploys	O
greater	O
technical	O
sophistication	O
and	O
improved	O
fidelity	O
of	O
both	O
sight	O
and	O
sound	O
than	O
in	O
traditional	B-Application
videoconferencing	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Technical	O
advancements	O
in	O
mobile	B-Protocol
collaboration	I-Protocol
have	O
also	O
extended	O
the	O
capabilities	O
of	O
videoconferencing	B-Application
beyond	O
the	O
boardroom	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
hand-held	B-Application
mobile	I-Application
devices	I-Application
,	O
enabling	O
collaboration	O
independent	O
of	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
or	O
identical	O
concept	O
is	O
telexistence	B-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
first	O
proposed	O
by	O
Susumu	O
Tachi	O
in	O
Japan	O
in	O
1980	O
and	O
1981	O
as	O
patents	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
Japanese	O
in	O
1982	O
and	O
in	O
English	O
in	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
pioneering	O
paper	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
cognitive	O
scientist	O
Marvin	O
Minsky	O
attributed	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
to	O
science	O
fiction	O
author	O
Robert	O
A	O
.	O
Heinlein	O
:	O
"	O
My	O
first	O
vision	O
of	O
a	O
remote-controlled	O
economy	O
came	O
from	O
Robert	O
A	O
.	O
Heinlein	O
's	O
prophetic	O
1948	O
novel	O
,	O
Waldo	O
,	O
"	O
wrote	O
Minsky	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
his	O
science	O
fiction	O
short	O
story	O
"	O
Waldo	O
"	O
(	O
1942	O
)	O
,	O
Heinlein	O
first	O
proposed	O
a	O
primitive	O
telepresence	B-Application
master-slave	O
manipulator	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Brother	O
Assassin	O
,	O
written	O
by	O
Fred	O
Saberhagen	O
in	O
1969	O
,	O
introduced	O
the	O
complete	O
concept	O
for	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
master-slave	O
humanoid	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
telepresence	B-Application
was	O
coined	O
in	O
a	O
1980	O
article	O
by	O
Minsky	O
,	O
who	O
outlined	O
his	O
vision	O
for	O
an	O
adapted	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
older	O
concept	O
of	O
teleoperation	O
that	O
focused	O
on	O
giving	O
a	O
remote	O
participant	O
a	O
feeling	O
of	O
actually	O
being	O
present	O
at	O
a	O
different	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
systems	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
fully	O
immersive	O
illusion	O
of	O
presence	O
in	O
a	O
remote	O
location	O
was	O
the	O
Virtual	B-General_Concept
Fixtures	I-General_Concept
platform	O
developed	O
in	O
1992	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Air	O
Force	O
's	O
Armstrong	O
Labs	O
by	O
inventor	O
Louis	O
Rosenberg	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
included	O
stereoscopic	B-Algorithm
image	I-Algorithm
display	O
from	O
the	O
remote	O
environment	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
immersive	O
touch	O
feedback	O
using	O
a	O
full	O
upper-body	O
exoskeleton	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
commercially	O
successful	O
telepresence	B-Application
company	O
,	O
Teleport	O
(	O
which	O
was	O
later	O
renamed	O
TeleSuite	O
)	O
,	O
was	O
founded	O
in	O
1993	O
by	O
David	O
Allen	O
and	O
Herold	O
Williams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TeleSuite	O
later	O
began	O
to	O
focus	O
less	O
on	O
the	O
hospitality	O
industry	O
and	O
more	O
on	O
business-oriented	O
telepresence	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Destiny	O
Conferencing	O
licensed	O
its	O
patent	O
portfolio	O
to	O
HP	O
which	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
large	O
company	O
to	O
join	O
the	O
telepresence	B-Application
industry	O
,	O
soon	O
followed	O
by	O
others	O
such	O
as	O
Cisco	O
and	O
Polycom	O
(	O
now	O
called	O
Poly	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
telepresence	B-Application
research	O
project	O
has	O
started	O
in	O
1990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Located	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Toronto	O
,	O
the	O
Ontario	O
Telepresence	B-Application
Project	O
(	O
OTP	O
)	O
was	O
an	O
interdisciplinary	O
effort	O
involving	O
social	O
sciences	O
and	O
engineering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OTP	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
ended	O
in	O
December	O
1994	O
,	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Telepresence	B-Application
Project	O
which	O
linked	O
Ontario	O
researchers	O
to	O
their	O
counterparts	O
in	O
four	O
European	O
nations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
industry	O
expert	O
described	O
some	O
benefits	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
:	O
"	O
There	O
were	O
four	O
drivers	O
for	O
our	O
decision	O
to	O
do	O
more	O
business	O
over	O
video	O
and	O
telepresence	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rather	O
than	O
traveling	O
great	O
distances	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
face-face	O
meeting	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
now	O
commonplace	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
system	O
instead	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
a	O
multiple	O
codec	O
video	O
system	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
what	O
the	O
word	O
"	O
telepresence	B-Application
"	O
most	O
currently	O
represents	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
member/party	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
uses	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
room	O
to	O
"	O
dial	O
in	O
"	O
and	O
can	O
see/talk	O
to	O
every	O
other	O
member	O
on	O
a	O
screen/screens	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
room	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	B-Protocol
collaboration	I-Protocol
systems	O
combine	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
video	O
,	O
audio	O
and	O
on-screen	O
drawing	O
capabilities	O
using	O
newest	O
generation	O
hand-held	B-Application
mobile	I-Application
devices	I-Application
to	O
enable	O
multi-party	O
conferencing	O
in	O
real-time	O
,	O
independent	O
of	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
the	O
human	O
experience	O
of	O
being	O
fully	O
present	O
at	O
a	O
live	O
real-world	O
location	O
remote	O
from	O
one	O
's	O
own	O
physical	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Someone	O
experiencing	O
video	O
telepresence	B-Application
would	O
therefore	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
behave	O
and	O
receive	O
stimuli	O
as	O
if	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
meeting	O
at	O
the	O
remote	O
site	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
provide	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
experience	O
,	O
technologies	O
are	O
required	O
that	O
implement	O
the	O
human	O
sensory	O
elements	O
of	O
vision	O
,	O
sound	O
,	O
and	O
manipulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
achieve	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
may	O
be	O
provided	O
with	O
either	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
(	O
or	O
wraparound	O
)	O
screen	B-Device
,	O
or	O
small	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
mounted	O
directly	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
eyes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
source	O
of	O
future	O
improvement	O
to	O
telepresence	B-Application
displays	O
,	O
compared	O
by	O
some	O
to	O
holograms	B-Algorithm
,	O
is	O
a	O
projected	O
display	B-Device
technology	I-Device
featuring	O
life-sized	O
imagery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ability	O
to	O
manipulate	O
a	O
remote	O
object	O
or	O
environment	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
aspect	O
for	O
some	O
telepresence	B-Application
users	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
in	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
ways	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
the	O
movements	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
hands	O
(	O
position	O
in	O
space	O
and	O
posture	O
of	O
the	O
fingers	O
)	O
are	O
sensed	O
by	O
wired	B-General_Concept
gloves	I-General_Concept
,	O
inertial	O
sensors	O
,	O
or	O
absolute	O
spatial	O
position	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
robot	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
remote	O
location	O
then	O
copies	O
those	O
movements	O
as	O
closely	O
as	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
more	O
closely	O
the	O
robot	B-Algorithm
re-creates	O
the	O
form	O
factor	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
hand	O
,	O
the	O
greater	O
the	O
sense	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
complexity	O
of	O
robotic	O
effectors	O
varies	O
greatly	O
,	O
from	O
simple	O
one	O
axis	O
grippers	O
,	O
to	O
fully	O
anthropomorphic	O
robot	B-Algorithm
hands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Haptic	O
teleoperation	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
system	O
that	O
provides	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
tactile	O
force	O
feedback	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
user	O
feels	O
some	O
approximation	O
of	O
the	O
weight	O
,	O
firmness	O
,	O
size	O
,	O
and/or	O
texture	O
of	O
the	O
remote	O
objects	O
manipulated	O
by	O
the	O
robot	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
new	O
form	O
of	O
technology	O
,	O
called	O
collaborative	O
telepresence	B-Application
,	O
is	O
currently	O
being	O
developed	O
which	O
will	O
eventually	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
collaborate	O
with	O
others	O
while	O
seeming	O
like	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
room	O
as	O
the	O
other	O
person	O
,	O
keeping	O
a	O
normal	O
social	O
distance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Collaborative	O
telepresence	B-Application
uses	O
haptic	O
sensors	O
like	O
these	O
to	O
allow	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
touch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
prevalence	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
video	B-Application
conferencing	I-Application
using	O
mobile	B-Application
devices	I-Application
,	O
tablets	O
and	O
portable	O
computers	O
has	O
enabled	O
considerable	O
growth	O
in	O
telepresence	B-Application
robots	B-Algorithm
to	O
help	O
give	O
a	O
better	O
sense	O
of	O
remote	O
physical	O
presence	O
for	O
communication	O
and	O
collaboration	O
in	O
the	O
office	O
,	O
home	O
or	O
school	O
when	O
one	O
cannot	O
be	O
there	O
in	O
person	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
robot	B-Algorithm
avatar	B-Application
can	O
move	O
or	O
look	O
around	O
at	O
the	O
command	O
of	O
the	O
remote	O
person	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Drivable	O
telepresence	B-Application
robots	B-Algorithm
–	O
typically	O
contain	O
a	O
display	O
(	O
integrated	O
or	O
separate	O
phone	O
or	O
tablet	O
)	O
mounted	O
on	O
a	O
roaming	O
base	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
examples	O
of	O
roaming	O
telepresence	B-Application
robots	B-Algorithm
include	O
Beam	O
by	O
Suitable	O
Technologies	O
,	O
Double	O
by	O
Double	O
Robotics	O
,	O
Ava	O
Telepresence	B-Application
by	O
,	O
Anybots	O
,	O
Vgo	O
,	O
TeleMe	O
by	O
Mantarobot	O
,	O
and	O
Romo	O
by	O
Romotive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
modern	O
roaming	O
telepresence	B-Application
robots	B-Algorithm
may	O
include	O
an	O
ability	O
to	O
operate	O
autonomously	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
robots	B-Algorithm
can	O
map	O
out	O
the	O
space	O
and	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
avoid	O
obstacles	O
while	O
driving	O
themselves	O
between	O
rooms	O
and	O
their	O
docking	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
's	O
effectiveness	O
varies	O
by	O
degree	O
of	O
fidelity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Research	O
has	O
noted	O
that	O
telepresence	B-Application
solutions	O
differ	O
in	O
degree	O
of	O
implementation	O
,	O
from	O
"	O
immersive	O
"	O
through	O
"	O
adaptive	O
"	O
to	O
"	O
lite	O
"	O
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adaptive	O
telepresence	B-Application
solutions	O
may	O
use	O
the	O
same	O
technology	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
environments	O
at	O
both	O
ends	O
are	O
not	O
highly	O
controlled	O
and	O
hence	O
often	O
differ	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adaptive	O
solutions	O
differ	O
from	O
telepresence	B-Application
lite	O
solutions	O
not	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
control	O
of	O
environments	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
integration	O
of	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adaptive	O
solutions	O
use	O
a	O
managed	O
service	O
,	O
whereas	O
telepresence	B-Application
lite	O
solutions	O
use	O
components	O
that	O
someone	O
must	O
integrate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
good	O
telepresence	B-Application
strategy	O
puts	O
the	O
human	O
factors	O
first	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
visual	B-Application
collaboration	I-Application
configurations	O
that	O
closely	O
replicate	O
the	O
brain	O
's	O
innate	O
preferences	O
for	O
interpersonal	O
communications	O
,	O
separating	O
from	O
the	O
unnatural	O
"	O
talking	O
heads	O
"	O
experience	O
of	O
traditional	B-Application
videoconferencing	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
of	O
Cisco	O
Systems	O
,	O
John	O
Chambers	O
in	O
June	O
2006	O
at	O
the	O
Networkers	O
Conference	O
compared	O
telepresence	B-Application
to	O
teleporting	B-General_Concept
from	O
Star	B-Operating_System
Trek	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
saw	O
the	O
technology	O
as	O
a	O
potential	O
billion	O
dollar	O
market	O
for	O
Cisco	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rarely	O
will	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
system	O
provide	O
such	O
a	O
transparent	O
implementation	O
with	O
such	O
comprehensive	O
and	O
convincing	O
stimuli	O
that	O
the	O
user	O
perceives	O
no	O
differences	O
from	O
actual	O
presence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fairly	O
simple	O
telephone	O
achieves	O
a	O
limited	O
form	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
using	O
just	O
the	O
human	O
sensory	O
element	O
of	O
hearing	O
,	O
in	O
that	O
users	O
consider	O
themselves	O
to	O
be	O
talking	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
rather	O
than	O
talking	O
to	O
the	O
telephone	O
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
screen	B-Device
size	O
increases	O
,	O
so	O
does	O
the	O
sense	O
of	O
immersion	B-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
subjective	O
mental	O
experiences	O
available	O
to	O
viewers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
most	O
currently	O
feasible	O
telepresence	B-Application
gear	O
leaves	O
something	O
to	O
be	O
desired	O
;	O
the	O
user	O
must	O
suspend	O
disbelief	O
to	O
some	O
degree	O
,	O
and	O
choose	O
to	O
act	O
in	O
a	O
natural	O
way	O
,	O
appropriate	O
to	O
the	O
remote	O
location	O
,	O
perhaps	O
using	O
some	O
skill	O
to	O
operate	O
the	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
refers	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
interacting	O
with	O
another	O
live	O
,	O
real	O
place	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
distinct	O
from	O
virtual	B-Application
presence	I-Application
,	O
where	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
given	O
the	O
impression	O
of	O
being	O
in	O
a	O
simulated	B-Application
environment	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
and	O
virtual	B-Application
presence	I-Application
rely	O
on	O
similar	O
user-interface	O
equipment	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
share	O
the	O
common	O
feature	O
that	O
the	O
relevant	O
portions	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
experience	O
at	O
some	O
point	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
will	O
be	O
transmitted	O
in	O
an	O
abstract	O
(	O
usually	O
digital	B-General_Concept
)	O
representation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
functional	O
difference	O
is	O
the	O
entity	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
end	O
:	O
a	O
real	O
environment	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
,	O
vs.	O
a	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
immersive	O
virtual	B-Application
reality	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
establish	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
shared	O
presence	O
or	O
shared	O
space	O
among	O
geographically	O
separated	O
members	O
of	O
a	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
other	O
applications	O
in	O
situations	O
where	O
humans	O
are	O
exposed	O
to	O
hazardous	O
situations	O
are	O
readily	O
recognised	O
as	O
suitable	O
candidates	O
for	O
telepresence	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
also	O
plays	O
a	O
critical	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
exploration	O
of	O
other	O
worlds	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
with	O
the	O
Mars	O
Exploration	O
Rovers	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
teleoperated	O
from	O
Earth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Locally	O
controlled	O
robots	B-Algorithm
are	O
currently	O
being	O
used	O
for	O
joint	O
replacement	O
surgery	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
more	O
precise	O
in	O
milling	O
bone	O
to	O
receive	O
the	O
joints	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
armed	O
forces	O
have	O
an	O
obvious	O
interest	O
since	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
,	O
teleoperation	O
,	O
and	O
telerobotics	O
can	O
potentially	O
save	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
battle	O
casualties	O
by	O
allowing	O
them	O
prompt	O
attention	O
in	O
mobile	O
operating	O
theatres	O
by	O
remote	O
surgeons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Research	O
has	O
been	O
conducted	O
on	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
to	O
provide	O
professional	O
development	O
to	O
teachers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
application	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
shows	O
promise	O
for	O
making	O
this	O
approach	O
to	O
teacher	O
professional	O
development	O
practical	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
classroom	O
is	O
equipped	O
with	O
studio	O
lighting	O
,	O
audio	O
,	O
and	O
video	B-Application
conference	I-Application
equipment	O
connected	O
to	O
a	O
200-inch	O
monitor	O
on	O
the	O
wall	O
that	O
students	O
face	O
to	O
give	O
an	O
impression	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
all	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
classroom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
True	O
telepresence	B-Application
is	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
art	O
and	O
science	O
that	O
foundationally	O
integrates	O
engineering	O
,	O
psychology	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
art	O
of	O
television	O
broadcast	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1993	O
,	O
Eduardo	O
Kac	O
and	O
Ed	O
Bennett	O
created	O
a	O
telepresence	B-Application
installation	O
"	O
Ornitorrinco	O
on	O
the	O
Moon	O
"	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
international	O
telecommunication	O
arts	O
festival	O
"	O
Blurred	O
Boundaries	O
"	O
(	O
Entgrenzte	O
Grenzen	O
II	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
1997	O
to	O
the	O
present	O
Ghislaine	O
Boddington	O
of	O
shinkansen	O
and	O
has	O
explored	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
collaboration	O
process	O
she	O
has	O
called	O
The	O
Weave	O
using	O
performing	O
arts	O
techniques	O
,	O
the	O
extended	O
use	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
into	O
festivals	O
,	O
arts	O
centres	O
and	O
clubs	O
and	O
has	O
directed	O
numerous	O
workshops	O
leading	O
to	O
exploration	O
of	O
telepresence	B-Application
by	O
many	O
artists	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telepresence	B-Application
is	O
represented	O
in	O
media	O
and	O
entertainment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Naked	O
Sun	O
(	O
1957	O
)	O
–	O
a	O
novel	O
mostly	O
occurring	O
on	O
Solaria	O
,	O
a	O
planet	O
with	O
an	O
extremely	O
low	O
population	O
where	O
all	O
personal	O
contact	O
is	O
considered	O
obscene	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
communication	O
occurs	O
through	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
telepresence	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Neuromancer	B-Device
(	O
1984	O
)	O
–	O
a	O
novel	O
that	O
not	O
only	O
uses	O
telepresence	B-Application
extensively	O
but	O
introduces	O
cyberspace	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
Internet	O
(	O
aka	O
the	O
Matrix	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
underlying	O
vehicle	O
to	O
make	O
telepresence	B-Application
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Iron	B-Application
Man	I-Application
3	I-Application
(	O
2013	O
)	O
–	O
Tony	O
Stark	O
uses	O
the	O
Mark	O
42	O
suit	O
using	O
telepresence	B-Application
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mass	B-Application
Effect	I-Application
2	I-Application
-	O
Commander	O
Shepard	O
communicates	O
with	O
the	O
Illusive	O
Man	O
using	O
a	O
quantum	O
entanglement	O
based	O
telepresence	B-Application
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Elite	B-Protocol
:	I-Protocol
Dangerous	I-Protocol
(	O
2014	O
)	O
-	O
players	O
and	O
non-player	O
characters	O
can	O
utilize	O
telepresence	B-Application
to	O
perform	O
as	O
crew	O
members	O
without	O
risk	O
of	O
death	O
.	O
</s>
