<s>
Teledermatology	B-Application
is	O
a	O
subspecialty	O
in	O
the	O
medical	O
field	O
of	O
dermatology	O
and	O
probably	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
applications	O
of	O
telemedicine	B-Application
and	O
e-health	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
teledermatology	B-Application
,	O
telecommunication	O
technologies	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
exchange	O
medical	O
information	O
(	O
concerning	O
skin	O
conditions	O
and	O
tumours	O
of	O
the	O
skin	O
)	O
over	O
a	O
distance	O
using	O
audio	O
,	O
visual	O
,	O
and	O
data	O
communication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
dermatologists	O
Perednia	O
and	O
Brown	O
were	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
coin	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
teledermatology	B-Application
"	O
in	O
1995	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teledermatology	B-Application
(	O
as	O
telemedicine	B-Application
)	O
is	O
practised	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
two	O
concepts	O
:	O
Store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
(	O
SAF	O
)	O
and	O
real	O
time/live	O
interactive	O
teledermatology	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SAF	O
method	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
teledermatology	B-Application
:	O
It	O
involves	O
sending	O
(	O
forwarding	O
)	O
digital	O
images	O
associated	O
with	O
(	O
anonymous	O
)	O
medical	O
information	O
to	O
the	O
data	O
storage	O
unit	O
of	O
a	O
consulted	O
specialist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
real-time/	O
live	O
interactive	O
teledermatology	B-Application
applications	O
,	O
provider	O
and	O
individuals	O
usually	O
interact	O
via	O
live	O
videoconferencing	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
may	O
also	O
involve	O
remote	B-Application
surgery	I-Application
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
telerobotic	O
microscopes	O
in	O
dermatopathology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
insufficient	O
evidence	O
to	O
support	O
teledermatology	B-Application
in	O
diagnosing	O
and	O
triaging	O
patients	O
for	O
specialist	O
care	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
field	O
,	O
mobile	O
applications	O
of	O
teledermatology	B-Application
gain	O
importance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specialist	O
referral	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
area	O
of	O
application	O
in	O
teledermatology	B-Application
A	O
general	O
practitioner	O
(	O
or	O
other	O
medical	O
professional	O
)	O
that	O
sees	O
the	O
individual	O
consults	O
a	O
specialist/	O
specialised	O
centre	O
via	O
telecommunication	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
second	O
opinion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psoriasis	O
is	O
experienced	O
by	O
3.2	O
%	O
of	O
adults	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
and	O
emerging	O
research	O
on	O
teledermatology	B-Application
treatment	O
of	O
this	O
condition	O
suggests	O
increased	O
access	O
to	O
specialty	O
care	O
with	O
positive	O
patient	O
satisfaction	O
,	O
outcomes	O
,	O
and	O
cost	O
savings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Medical	O
education/continuous	O
education	O
are	O
a	O
major	O
advantage	O
of	O
telemedicine/e	O
-health	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
dermoscopic	O
images	O
can	O
be	O
taken	O
with	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
attached	O
to	O
a	O
dermatoscope	O
or	O
special	O
video	O
cameras	O
suited	O
for	O
dermoscopy	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
dermoscopy	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
examination	O
of	O
a	O
two-dimensional	O
image	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
well	O
suited	O
for	O
digital	O
imaging	O
and	O
teledermatology	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teledermatopathology	O
is	O
the	O
transmission	O
of	O
dermatopathologic	O
images	O
either	O
in	O
real-time	O
with	O
the	O
aid	O
of	O
a	O
robotic	O
microscope	O
or	O
using	O
a	O
store-and-forward	B-Protocol
system	O
(	O
transmission	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
file	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Virtual	O
slides	O
are	O
made	O
by	O
digitally	O
scanning	O
an	O
entire	O
glass	O
slide	O
at	O
a	O
high	B-Algorithm
resolution	I-Algorithm
and	O
then	O
sending	O
the	O
images	O
to	O
a	O
storage	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	O
telemedicine	B-Application
is	O
a	O
system	O
in	O
which	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
participant	O
(	O
the	O
person	O
seeking	O
advice	O
or	O
the	O
doctor	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
)	O
uses	O
wireless	O
or	O
mobile	O
equipment	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
handheld	O
devices	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
conventional	O
stationary	O
telemedicine	B-Application
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Travellers	O
who	O
develop	O
skin	O
lesions	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
doctors	O
who	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
move	O
in	O
hospital/non	O
-hospital	O
area	O
can	O
benefit	O
from	O
this	O
new	O
development	O
in	O
teledermatology	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
facilitate	O
access	O
to	O
medical	O
advice	O
and	O
enable	O
individuals	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
more	O
active	O
role	O
in	O
managing	O
their	O
own	O
health	O
status	O
,	O
mobile	O
teledermatology	B-Application
seems	O
to	O
be	O
especially	O
suited	O
for	O
patient	O
filtering	O
or	O
triage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Not	O
all	O
cases	O
are	O
suitable	O
for	O
teledermatology	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
type	O
of	O
cases	O
suited	O
for	O
teledermatology	B-Application
is	O
a	O
topic	O
,	O
which	O
requires	O
more	O
studies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
in	O
western	O
studies	O
where	O
pigmented	O
lesions	O
suspicious	O
of	O
melanomas	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
referred	O
cases	O
for	O
teledermatology	B-Application
(	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
teledermatoscopy	O
)	O
,	O
Asian	O
studies	O
have	O
fewer	O
cases	O
referred	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
suspicion	O
of	O
melanoma	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
High	O
ultraviolet	B-Application
content	O
of	O
solar	O
exposure	O
of	O
skin	O
leads	O
to	O
a	O
high	O
prevalence	O
of	O
lesions	O
,	O
especially	O
skin	O
cancer	O
,	O
with	O
almost	O
200,000	O
diagnosed	O
cases	O
per	O
year	O
(	O
30%	O
of	O
call	O
cancer	O
cases	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teledermatology	B-Application
and	O
teledermoscopy	O
services	O
both	O
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
public	O
and	O
private	O
medicine	O
have	O
been	O
implemented	O
since	O
2005	O
in	O
almost	O
all	O
states	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
Southern	O
states	O
where	O
prevalence	O
is	O
higher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Health	O
and	O
the	O
state	O
's	O
Health	O
Secretaries	O
have	O
funded	O
several	O
initiatives	O
within	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
Brazilian	O
Primary	O
Care	O
Telehealth	O
Program	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
Santa	O
Catarina	O
,	O
where	O
all	O
municipalities	O
have	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
teledermatology	B-Application
diagnosis	O
and	O
triage	O
system	O
headed	O
by	O
the	O
Federal	O
University	O
of	O
Santa	O
Catarina	O
In	O
the	O
private	O
sector	O
,	O
several	O
initiatives	O
have	O
also	O
taken	O
place	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
joint	O
effort	O
by	O
the	O
Albert	O
Einstein	O
Israelite	O
Hospital	O
of	O
São	O
Paulo	O
's	O
Telemedicine	B-Application
Center	O
and	O
the	O
Municipal	O
Health	O
Secretary	O
to	O
provide	O
teledermatology	B-Application
services	O
to	O
public	O
health	O
units	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
very	O
useful	O
to	O
reduce	O
queues	O
,	O
prioritize	O
and	O
expedite	O
care	O
for	O
the	O
more	O
urgent	O
cases	O
of	O
cancer	O
care	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
several	O
private	O
telemedicine	B-Application
services	O
and	O
startups	O
experienced	O
growth	O
during	O
the	O
COVID-19	O
pandemic	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teledermatology	B-Application
and	O
teledermoscopy	O
currently	O
exist	O
in	O
different	O
forms	O
in	O
Australia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
store-and-forward	B-Protocol
teledermatology	B-Application
or	O
teledermoscopy	O
are	O
not	O
currently	O
funded	O
under	O
the	O
Australian	O
national	O
health	O
scheme	O
called	O
Medicare	O
.	O
</s>
