<s>
A	O
TV	B-Device
gateway	I-Device
(	O
also	O
called	O
network	O
TV	O
tuner	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
television	O
headend	O
to	O
a	O
network	O
UPnP	B-Application
router	O
that	O
receives	O
live	O
digital	B-Application
video	I-Application
broadcast	I-Application
(	O
DVB	B-Application
)	O
MPEG	O
transport	O
streams	O
(	O
channels	O
)	O
from	O
terrestrial	O
aerials	O
,	O
satellite	O
dishes	O
,	O
or	O
cable	O
feeds	O
and	O
converts	O
them	O
into	O
IP	O
streams	O
for	O
distribution	O
over	O
an	O
IP	B-Protocol
network	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
allow	O
users	O
to	O
stream	O
broadcast	O
live	O
TV	O
content	O
to	O
connected	O
devices	O
on	O
the	O
IP	B-Protocol
network	I-Protocol
,	O
including	O
tablets	O
,	O
smartphones	O
,	O
computers	O
,	O
gaming	O
consoles	O
and	O
smart	B-Device
tvs	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
offers	O
multi-platform	O
,	O
multi-screen	O
broadcast	O
television	O
with	O
rich	O
live	O
TV	O
content	O
and	O
high	O
quality	O
HD	B-Device
channels	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
support	O
free-to-air	O
(	O
FTA	O
)	O
television	O
services	O
found	O
in	O
many	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
include	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
Freeview	B-Device
and	O
Freesat	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
,	O
TNT	O
in	O
France	O
and	O
TDT	O
in	O
Spain	O
,	O
and	O
basic	O
cable	O
packages	O
in	O
Germany	O
,	O
Switzerland	O
,	O
Austria	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
few	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
also	O
support	O
third	O
party	O
conditional	B-Device
access	I-Device
modules	I-Device
(	O
CAMs	O
)	O
for	O
premium	O
pay	O
TV	O
channels	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
transmitted	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
CAM	O
CI	O
card	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
broadcasters	O
or	O
by	O
third	O
party	O
manufacturers	O
to	O
access	O
their	O
TV	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
many	O
first-generation	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
support	O
only	O
one	O
channel	O
or	O
a	O
limited	O
number	O
of	O
channels	O
,	O
modern	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
provide	O
multiple	O
TV	B-Device
tuners	I-Device
that	O
can	O
process	O
several	O
channels	O
simultaneously	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
more	O
channels	O
a	O
TV	B-Device
gateway	I-Device
provides	O
the	O
more	O
users	O
it	O
can	O
service	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modern	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
also	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
record	O
TV	O
programs	O
to	O
a	O
USB	O
flash	O
drive	O
,	O
or	O
external	O
hard	O
disk	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
,	O
shared	O
folders	O
or	O
network	B-Application
attached	I-Application
storage	I-Application
(	O
NAS	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
electronic	B-Device
program	I-Device
guide	I-Device
(	O
EPG	B-Device
)	O
is	O
like	O
a	O
traditional	O
TV	O
listing	O
magazine	O
but	O
available	O
online	O
or	O
on	O
a	O
TV	O
service	O
like	O
aerial	O
,	O
satellite	O
or	O
cable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
EPG	B-Device
's	O
also	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
set	O
reminders	O
and	O
record	O
shows	O
automatically	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
with	O
PVR	O
functionality	O
offer	O
EPG	B-Device
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
free	O
of	O
charge	O
for	O
data	O
processed	O
from	O
the	O
broadcaster	O
TV	O
stream	O
(	O
according	O
to	O
standard	O
DVB	B-Application
EN	O
300	O
468	O
and	O
technical	O
specification	O
TS	O
101	O
211	O
)	O
or	O
via	O
a	O
paid	O
service	O
provided	O
by	O
a	O
third	O
party	O
online	O
EPG	B-Device
provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whole	O
house	O
HD-digital	O
video	O
recorder	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
record	O
programs	O
on	O
a	O
centralized	O
TV	B-Device
gateway	I-Device
DVR	O
and	O
then	O
watch	O
them	O
on	O
any	O
device	O
connected	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
with	O
whole	O
house	O
HD-DVR	O
require	O
storage	O
to	O
record	O
live	O
TV	O
programs	O
or	O
schedule	O
future	O
recordings	O
using	O
the	O
EPG	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whole	O
house	O
DVR	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
use	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
storage	O
mediums	O
to	O
store	O
recordings	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Unicast	B-Protocol
(	O
HTTP	O
)	O
protocols	O
are	O
mainly	O
used	O
in	O
consumer	O
grade	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
to	O
provide	O
a	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
simultaneous	O
users	O
with	O
the	O
flexibility	O
to	O
view	O
multiple	O
channels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multicast	B-Protocol
(	O
UDP	O
)	O
,	O
is	O
mainly	O
used	O
in	O
professional-grade	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
to	O
enable	O
efficient	O
broadcast	O
of	O
a	O
preset	O
number	O
of	O
channels	O
to	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
simultaneous	O
viewers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multicast	B-Protocol
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
are	O
used	O
primarily	O
by	O
IPTV	O
broadcasters	O
,	O
hotels	O
,	O
hospitals	O
,	O
and	O
digital	O
signage	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Universal	B-Application
plug	I-Application
and	I-Application
play	I-Application
(	O
UPnP	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
communication	O
protocols	O
that	O
permits	O
network	O
devices	O
,	O
to	O
seamlessly	O
discover	O
each	O
other	O
's	O
presence	O
on	O
the	O
network	O
and	O
establish	O
functional	O
network	B-General_Concept
services	I-General_Concept
for	O
data	O
sharing	O
,	O
communications	O
,	O
and	O
entertainment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advanced	O
TV	B-Device
gateways	I-Device
use	O
M3U	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
UPnP	B-Application
to	O
offer	O
better	O
application	O
support	O
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
faster	O
channel	O
zapping	O
and	O
provide	O
a	O
preset	O
channel	O
list	O
.	O
</s>
