<s>
The	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
style	O
of	O
electronic	O
package	B-Algorithm
used	O
for	O
high-powered	O
,	O
through-hole	B-Algorithm
components	O
with	O
pin	O
spacing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
TO	O
"	O
designation	O
stands	O
for	O
"	O
transistor	B-Application
outline	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TO-220	B-Algorithm
packages	O
have	O
three	O
leads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
notable	O
characteristic	O
is	O
a	O
metal	O
tab	O
with	O
a	O
hole	O
,	O
used	O
to	O
mount	O
the	O
case	O
to	O
a	O
heatsink	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
component	O
to	O
dissipate	O
more	O
heat	O
than	O
one	O
constructed	O
in	O
a	O
TO-92	B-Algorithm
case	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Common	O
TO-220-packaged	O
components	O
include	O
discrete	O
semiconductors	O
such	O
as	O
transistors	B-Application
and	O
silicon-controlled	O
rectifiers	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
integrated	O
circuits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
"	O
power	O
package	B-Algorithm
"	O
intended	O
for	O
power	O
semiconductors	O
and	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
through-hole	B-Algorithm
design	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
surface-mount	O
technology	O
type	O
of	O
package	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
TO-220	B-Algorithm
packages	O
can	O
be	O
mounted	O
to	O
a	O
heat	O
sink	O
to	O
dissipate	O
several	O
watts	O
of	O
waste	O
heat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
package	B-Algorithm
has	O
a	O
metal	O
tab	O
with	O
a	O
hole	O
used	O
to	O
mount	O
the	O
component	O
to	O
a	O
heat	O
sink	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thermal	O
compound	O
is	O
often	O
applied	O
between	O
package	B-Algorithm
and	O
heatsink	O
to	O
further	O
improve	O
heat	O
transfer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
materials	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
electrically	O
isolate	O
the	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
,	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
have	O
the	O
added	O
benefit	O
of	O
high	O
thermal	O
conductivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
applications	O
that	O
require	O
a	O
heatsink	O
,	O
damage	O
or	O
destruction	O
of	O
the	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
device	O
due	O
to	O
overheating	O
may	O
occur	O
if	O
the	O
heatsink	O
is	O
dislodged	O
during	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
heatsinked	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
dissipating	O
1W	O
of	O
heat	O
will	O
have	O
an	O
internal	O
(	O
junction	O
)	O
temperature	O
typically	O
2	O
to	O
5°C	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
package	B-Algorithm
's	O
temperature	O
(	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
thermal	O
resistance	O
between	O
the	O
junction	O
and	O
the	O
metal	O
tab	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
metal	O
tab	O
of	O
the	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
will	O
typically	O
have	O
a	O
temperature	O
1	O
to	O
60°C	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
ambient	O
temperature	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
heatsink	O
(	O
if	O
any	O
)	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
junction-to-case	O
thermal	O
resistance	O
of	O
a	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
packaged	O
device	O
(	O
which	O
typically	O
matters	O
less	O
than	O
the	O
case-to-ambient	O
thermal	O
resistance	O
)	O
,	O
depends	O
on	O
the	O
thickness	O
and	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
semiconductor	O
die	O
inside	O
the	O
package	B-Algorithm
,	O
typically	O
in	O
a	O
range	O
between	O
0.5	O
°	O
C/W	O
and	O
3°	O
C/W	O
(	O
according	O
to	O
one	O
textbook	O
)	O
or	O
1.5	O
°	O
C/W	O
and	O
4°	O
C/W	O
(	O
according	O
to	O
another	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
more	O
heat	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
dissipated	O
,	O
devices	O
in	O
the	O
also	O
widely	O
used	O
TO-247	O
(	O
or	O
TO-3P	O
)	O
package	B-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
selected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
without	O
a	O
heatsink	O
,	O
the	O
package	B-Algorithm
acts	O
as	O
its	O
own	O
heatsink	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
heatsink-to-ambient	O
thermal	O
resistance	O
in	O
air	O
for	O
a	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
is	O
approximately	O
70°	O
C/W	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
family	O
of	O
outlines	O
is	O
defined	O
by	O
the	O
JEDEC	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TO-220F	O
,	O
TO-220FP	O
a	O
3	O
lead	O
JEDEC	O
outline	O
which	O
plastic	O
encapsulates	O
the	O
entire	O
body	O
and	O
mounting	O
tab	O
metal	O
that	O
are	O
normally	O
exposed	O
providing	O
electrical	O
insulation	O
which	O
inevitably	O
increases	O
the	O
package	B-Algorithm
thermal	O
resistance	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
uninsulated	O
metal	O
tab	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
also	O
some	O
vendor-specific	O
variations	O
such	O
as	O
International	O
Rectifier	O
's	O
SUPER-220	O
,	O
which	O
dispenses	O
with	O
the	O
hole	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
clip-mounting	O
,	O
thus	O
claiming	O
TO-247-like	O
thermal	O
performance	O
in	O
a	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
footprint	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
case	O
is	O
found	O
on	O
semiconductor	O
devices	O
handling	O
less	O
than	O
100	O
amperes	O
and	O
operating	O
at	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
few	O
hundred	O
volts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
devices	O
operate	O
at	O
DC	O
or	O
relatively	O
low	O
(	O
audio	O
)	O
frequencies	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
package	B-Algorithm
is	O
not	O
intended	O
for	O
devices	O
operating	O
at	O
radio	O
frequencies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
bipolar	O
,	O
bipolar	O
Darlington	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
MOSFET	B-Architecture
transistors	B-Application
,	O
the	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
case	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
for	O
fixed	O
and	O
variable	O
linear	O
voltage	O
regulator	O
integrated	O
circuits	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
Schottky	O
diode	O
pairs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TO-257	O
is	O
a	O
hermetically	O
sealed	O
metal	O
package	B-Algorithm
that	O
is	O
otherwise	O
considered	O
equivalent	O
to	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
TO-220F	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
SOT186	O
and	O
SC67	O
is	O
TO-220	B-Algorithm
like	O
package	B-Algorithm
,	O
where	O
the	O
heatsink	O
mounting	O
tab	O
has	O
been	O
encased	O
in	O
the	O
plastic	O
.	O
</s>
