<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
SystemTap	B-Application
(	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
and	O
tool	O
for	O
dynamically	O
instrumenting	B-Application
running	O
production	O
Linux-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
System	O
administrators	O
can	O
use	O
SystemTap	B-Application
to	O
extract	O
,	O
filter	O
and	O
summarize	O
data	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
enable	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
complex	O
performance	O
or	O
functional	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SystemTap	B-Application
consists	O
of	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
and	O
includes	O
contributions	O
from	O
Red	O
Hat	O
,	O
IBM	O
,	O
Intel	O
,	O
Hitachi	O
,	O
Oracle	B-Application
,	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Wisconsin-Madison	O
and	O
other	O
community	O
members	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SystemTap	B-Application
debuted	O
in	O
2005	O
in	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
4	O
Update	O
2	O
as	O
a	O
technology	O
preview	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
development	O
,	O
SystemTap	B-Application
1.0	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
SystemTap	B-Application
runs	O
fully	O
supported	O
in	O
all	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
including	O
RHEL	O
/	O
CentOS	O
5	O
since	O
update	O
2	O
,	O
SLES	O
10	O
,	O
Fedora	O
,	O
Debian	O
and	O
Ubuntu	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tracepoints	O
in	O
the	O
CPython	B-Language
VM	O
and	O
JVM	B-Language
were	O
added	O
in	O
SystemTap	B-Application
1.2	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2019	O
,	O
SystemTap	B-Application
4.2	O
included	O
prometheus	B-Language
exporter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SystemTap	B-Application
files	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
the	O
SystemTap	B-Application
language	O
(	O
saved	O
as	O
.stp	O
files	O
)	O
and	O
run	O
with	O
the	O
stap	O
command-line	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
default	O
is	O
a	O
loadable	B-Application
kernel	I-Application
module	I-Application
,	O
which	O
has	O
the	O
fullest	O
capability	O
to	O
inspect	O
and	O
manipulate	O
any	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
requires	O
most	O
privilege	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
newest	O
backend	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
eBPF	B-Protocol
byte-code	I-Protocol
,	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
interpreter	O
's	O
capabilities	O
,	O
and	O
requires	O
an	O
intermediate	O
level	O
of	O
privilege	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
each	O
case	O
,	O
the	O
module	B-Application
is	O
unloaded	O
when	O
the	O
script	O
has	O
finished	O
running	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scripts	O
generally	O
focus	O
on	O
events	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
starting	O
or	O
finishing	O
a	O
script	O
)	O
,	O
compiled-in	O
probe	O
points	O
such	O
as	O
Linux	B-Application
"	O
tracepoints	O
"	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
functions	O
or	O
statements	O
in	O
the	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
or	O
user-space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
"	O
guru	O
mode	O
"	O
scripts	O
may	O
also	O
have	O
embedded	O
C	B-Language
,	O
which	O
may	O
run	O
with	O
the	O
-g	O
command-line	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
guru	O
mode	O
is	O
discouraged	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
SystemTap	B-Application
release	O
includes	O
more	O
probe	O
points	O
designed	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
guru-mode	O
scripts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
SystemTap	B-Application
version	O
1.7	O
,	O
the	O
software	O
implements	O
the	O
new	O
stapsys	O
group	O
and	O
privilege	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
script	O
shows	O
all	O
applications	O
setting	O
TCP	B-Protocol
socket	I-Protocol
options	O
on	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
what	O
options	O
are	O
being	O
set	O
,	O
and	O
whether	O
the	O
option	O
is	O
set	O
successfully	O
or	O
not	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
other	O
examples	O
are	O
shipped	O
with	O
SystemTap	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
real-world	O
examples	O
of	O
SystemTap	B-Application
use	O
at	O
the	O
War	O
Stories	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SystemTap	B-Application
can	O
attach	O
to	O
DTrace	B-Application
markers	O
when	O
they	O
are	O
compiled	O
into	O
an	O
application	O
using	O
macros	O
from	O
the	O
sys/sdt.h	O
header	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
