<s>
The	O
Super	B-General_Concept
Nintendo	I-General_Concept
Entertainment	I-General_Concept
System	I-General_Concept
(	O
SNES	B-Application
)	O
,	O
commonly	O
shortened	O
to	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
or	O
Super	B-Application
Nintendo	I-Application
,	O
is	O
a	O
16-bit	B-Application
home	B-Device
video	I-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
developed	O
by	O
Nintendo	O
that	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
1990	O
in	O
Japan	O
and	O
South	O
Korea	O
,	O
1991	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
,	O
1992	O
in	O
Europe	O
and	O
Oceania	O
,	O
and	O
1993	O
in	O
South	O
America	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Japan	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
called	O
the	O
In	O
South	O
Korea	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
called	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Comboy	I-Application
and	O
was	O
distributed	O
by	O
Hyundai	O
Electronics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
each	O
version	O
is	O
essentially	O
the	O
same	O
,	O
several	O
forms	O
of	O
regional	O
lockout	O
prevent	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
for	O
one	O
version	O
from	O
being	O
used	O
in	O
other	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
is	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
second	O
programmable	O
home	B-Device
console	I-Device
,	O
following	O
the	O
Nintendo	O
Entertainment	O
System	O
(	O
NES	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
accommodate	O
the	O
ongoing	O
development	O
of	O
a	B-General_Concept
variety	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
enhancement	I-General_Concept
chips	I-General_Concept
integrated	O
into	O
game	B-Protocol
cartridges	I-Protocol
to	O
be	O
competitive	O
into	O
the	O
next	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
received	O
largely	O
positive	O
reviews	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
global	O
success	O
,	O
becoming	O
the	O
bestselling	O
console	O
of	O
the	O
16-bit	B-Application
era	I-Application
after	O
launching	O
relatively	O
late	O
and	O
facing	O
intense	O
competition	O
from	O
Sega	O
's	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
console	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
and	O
Europe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Overlapping	O
the	O
NES	O
's	O
61.9million	O
unit	O
sales	O
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
remained	O
popular	O
well	O
into	O
the	O
32-bit	B-Application
era	I-Application
,	O
with	O
49.1million	O
units	O
sold	O
worldwide	O
by	O
the	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
popular	O
among	O
collectors	O
and	O
retro	O
gamers	O
,	O
with	O
new	O
homebrew	B-Application
games	I-Application
and	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
emulated	O
rereleases	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
on	O
the	O
Virtual	B-Application
Console	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
Classic	I-Application
Edition	I-Application
,	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
Online	I-Application
;	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
several	O
non-console	O
emulators	O
which	O
operate	O
on	O
a	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Snes9x	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
compete	O
with	O
the	O
popular	O
Family	O
Computer	O
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
NEC	O
Home	O
Electronics	O
launched	O
the	O
PC	B-General_Concept
Engine	I-General_Concept
in	O
1987	O
,	O
and	O
Sega	O
followed	O
suit	O
with	O
the	O
Mega	B-Operating_System
Drive	I-Operating_System
in	O
1988	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
two	O
platforms	O
were	O
later	O
launched	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
in	O
1989	O
as	O
the	O
TurboGrafx-16	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
Sega	B-Operating_System
Genesis	I-Operating_System
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
systems	O
were	O
built	O
on	O
16-bit	B-Application
architectures	O
and	O
offered	O
improved	O
graphics	O
and	O
sound	O
over	O
the	O
8-bit	B-Application
NES	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
1987	O
,	O
then-Nintendo	O
president	O
Hiroshi	O
Yamauchi	O
revealed	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
in	O
the	O
newspaper	O
Kyoto	O
Shimbun	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
30	O
,	O
1988	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
with	O
TOUCH	O
Magazine	O
,	O
he	O
announced	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Super	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
Bros	I-Application
.	I-Application
4	I-Application
,	O
Dragon	B-Application
Quest	I-Application
V	I-Application
,	O
three	O
original	O
games	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
projected	O
sales	O
of	O
3	O
million	O
units	O
of	O
the	O
upcoming	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Famicom	O
Hissyoubon	O
magazine	O
speculated	O
that	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
early	O
announcement	O
was	O
probably	O
made	O
to	O
forestall	O
Christmas	O
shopping	O
for	O
the	O
PC	B-General_Concept
Engine	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
relayed	O
Enix	O
's	O
clarification	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
waiting	O
on	O
sales	O
figures	O
to	O
select	O
either	O
PC	B-General_Concept
Engine	I-General_Concept
or	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
for	O
its	O
next	O
Dragon	O
Quest	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Designed	O
by	O
Masayuki	B-Application
Uemura	I-Application
,	O
the	O
designer	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
Famicom	O
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
was	O
released	O
in	O
Japan	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
November	O
21	O
,	O
1990	O
,	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
gained	O
the	O
attention	O
of	O
the	O
Yakuza	B-Application
criminal	O
organization	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
devices	O
were	O
shipped	O
at	O
night	O
to	O
avoid	O
robbery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
quickly	O
outselling	O
its	O
rivals	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
reasserted	O
itself	O
as	O
the	O
leader	O
of	O
the	O
Japanese	O
console	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
released	O
the	O
Super	B-General_Concept
Nintendo	I-General_Concept
Entertainment	I-General_Concept
System	I-General_Concept
,	O
a	O
redesigned	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
,	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
was	O
released	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
and	O
Ireland	O
in	O
April	O
1992	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
PAL	B-Language
region	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
console	O
use	O
the	O
Japanese	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
design	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
labeling	O
and	O
the	O
length	O
of	O
the	O
joypad	O
leads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Playtronic	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
in	O
Brazil	O
,	O
although	O
PAL-M	O
,	O
uses	O
the	O
North	O
American	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
the	O
NES	O
and	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
were	O
released	O
in	O
Brazil	O
in	O
1993	O
by	O
Playtronic	O
,	O
a	O
joint	O
venture	O
between	O
the	O
toy	O
company	O
Estrela	O
and	O
consumer	O
electronics	O
company	O
Gradiente	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
and	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
launched	O
with	O
few	O
games	O
,	O
but	O
these	O
games	O
were	O
well	O
received	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Japan	O
,	O
only	O
two	O
games	O
were	O
initially	O
available	O
:	O
Super	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
World	I-Application
and	O
F-Zero	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bombuzal	B-Device
was	O
released	O
during	O
the	O
launch	O
week	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
North	O
America	O
,	O
Super	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
World	I-Application
was	O
launched	O
as	O
a	O
bundle	O
with	O
the	O
console	O
;	O
other	O
launch	O
games	O
include	O
F-Zero	B-Application
,	O
Pilotwings	B-Application
(	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
console	O
's	O
Mode	O
7	O
pseudo-3D	O
rendering	O
)	O
,	O
SimCity	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Gradius	B-Application
III	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rivalry	O
between	O
Nintendo	O
and	O
Sega	O
was	O
described	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
notable	O
console	O
wars	O
in	O
video	O
game	O
history	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
Sega	O
positioned	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
as	O
the	O
"	O
cool	O
"	O
console	O
,	O
with	O
games	O
aimed	O
at	O
older	O
audiences	O
,	O
and	O
aggressive	O
advertisements	O
that	O
occasionally	O
attacked	O
the	O
competition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
scored	O
an	O
early	O
public-relations	O
advantage	O
by	O
securing	O
the	O
first	O
console	O
conversion	O
of	O
Capcom	O
's	O
arcade	O
hit	O
Street	B-Application
Fighter	I-Application
II	I-Application
for	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
which	O
took	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
year	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
had	O
a	O
two-year	O
lead	O
to	O
launch	O
time	O
,	O
a	O
much	O
larger	O
library	O
of	O
games	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
lower	O
price	O
point	O
,	O
it	O
only	O
represented	O
an	O
estimated	O
60%	O
of	O
the	O
American	O
16-bit	B-Application
console	I-Application
market	O
in	O
June	O
1992	O
,	O
and	O
neither	O
console	O
could	O
maintain	O
a	O
definitive	O
lead	O
for	O
several	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Donkey	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
Country	I-Application
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
helped	O
establish	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
's	O
market	O
prominence	O
in	O
the	O
latter	O
years	O
of	O
the	O
16-bit	B-Application
generation	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
time	O
,	O
maintain	O
against	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
and	O
Saturn	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Nintendo	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
sold	O
more	O
than	O
20million	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
units	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
a	O
2014	O
Wedbush	O
Securities	O
report	O
based	O
on	O
NPD	O
sales	O
data	O
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
outsold	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
market	O
by	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
NES	B-Application
era	I-Application
,	O
Nintendo	O
maintained	O
exclusive	O
control	O
over	O
games	O
released	O
for	O
the	O
system	O
–	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
to	O
approve	O
every	O
game	O
,	O
each	O
third-party	O
developer	O
could	O
only	O
release	O
up	O
to	O
five	O
games	O
per	O
year	O
(	O
but	O
some	O
third	O
parties	O
got	O
around	O
this	O
by	O
using	O
different	O
names	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Konami	O
's	O
"	O
Ultra	O
Games	O
"	O
brand	O
)	O
,	O
those	O
games	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
released	O
on	O
another	O
console	O
within	O
two	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
Nintendo	O
was	O
the	O
exclusive	O
manufacturer	O
and	O
supplier	O
of	O
NES	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
surprise	O
arcade	O
hit	O
Mortal	B-Application
Kombat	I-Application
(	O
1992	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
gory	O
fighting	O
game	O
with	O
huge	O
splashes	O
of	O
blood	O
and	O
graphically	O
violent	O
fatality	O
moves	O
,	O
was	O
heavily	O
censored	O
by	O
Nintendo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
version	O
allowed	O
for	O
an	O
uncensored	O
version	O
via	O
cheat	O
code	O
,	O
it	O
outsold	O
the	O
censored	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
version	O
by	O
a	O
ratio	O
of	O
nearly	O
three	O
to	O
one	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
other	O
companies	O
were	O
moving	O
on	O
to	O
32-bit	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
Rare	O
and	O
Nintendo	O
proved	O
that	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
was	O
still	O
a	O
strong	O
contender	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
1994	O
,	O
Rare	O
released	O
Donkey	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
Country	I-Application
,	O
a	O
platform	O
game	O
featuring	O
3D	O
models	O
and	O
textures	O
pre-rendered	O
on	O
Silicon	O
Graphics	O
workstations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
its	O
detailed	O
graphics	O
,	O
fluid	O
animation	O
,	O
and	O
high-quality	O
music	O
,	O
Donkey	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
Country	I-Application
rivals	O
the	O
aesthetic	O
quality	O
of	O
games	O
that	O
were	O
being	O
released	O
on	O
newer	O
32-bit	O
CD-based	O
consoles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
game	O
conveyed	O
that	O
early	O
32-bit	B-Application
systems	I-Application
had	O
little	O
to	O
offer	O
over	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
and	O
proved	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
the	O
more	O
advanced	O
consoles	O
of	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
TRSTS	O
reports	O
,	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
five	O
bestselling	O
games	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
for	O
December	O
1996	O
are	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
1997	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
released	O
a	O
redesigned	O
model	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
(	O
the	O
SNS-101	B-General_Concept
model	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
"	O
New-Style	B-General_Concept
Super	I-General_Concept
NES	I-General_Concept
"	O
)	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
for	O
,	O
with	O
some	O
units	O
including	O
the	O
pack-in	O
game	O
Super	B-Device
Mario	I-Device
World	I-Device
2	I-Device
:	I-Device
Yoshi	I-Device
's	I-Device
Island	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	O
earlier	O
New-Style	B-Device
NES	I-Device
(	O
model	O
NES-101	O
)	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
slimmer	O
and	O
lighter	O
than	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
lacks	O
S-Video	O
and	O
RGB	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
among	O
the	O
last	O
major	O
Super	O
NES-related	O
releases	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similarly	O
redesigned	O
Super	B-General_Concept
Famicom	I-General_Concept
Jr.	I-General_Concept
was	O
released	O
in	O
Japan	O
at	O
around	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
ceased	O
production	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
in	O
North	O
America	O
in	O
1999	O
,	O
about	O
two	O
years	O
after	O
releasing	O
Kirby	B-Application
's	I-Application
Dream	I-Application
Land	I-Application
3	I-Application
(	O
its	O
final	O
first-party	O
game	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
)	O
on	O
November	O
27	O
,	O
1997	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
year	O
after	O
releasing	O
Frogger	B-Application
(	O
its	O
final	O
third-party	O
game	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
)	O
in	O
1998	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Japan	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
continued	O
production	O
of	O
both	O
the	O
Family	O
Computer	O
and	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
until	O
September	O
25	O
,	O
2003	O
,	O
and	O
new	O
games	O
were	O
produced	O
until	O
the	O
year	O
2000	O
,	O
ending	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Metal	O
Slader	O
Glory	O
Director	O
's	O
Cut	O
on	O
November	O
29	O
,	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
popular	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
were	O
ported	O
to	O
the	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
Advance	I-Device
,	O
which	O
has	O
similar	O
video	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2005	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
announced	O
that	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
would	O
be	O
made	O
available	O
for	O
download	O
via	O
the	B-Operating_System
Wii	I-Operating_System
's	O
Virtual	B-Application
Console	I-Application
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
Co.	O
,	O
Ltd	O
.	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
no	O
longer	O
repair	O
Family	O
Computer	O
or	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
systems	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increasing	O
shortage	O
of	O
the	O
necessary	O
parts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
3	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
Co.	O
,	O
Ltd	O
.	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
bring	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
to	O
the	O
New	B-Device
Nintendo	I-Device
3DS	I-Device
and	O
New	B-Device
Nintendo	I-Device
3DS	I-Device
XL	I-Device
(	O
and	O
later	O
the	O
New	B-Device
Nintendo	I-Device
2DS	I-Device
XL	I-Device
)	O
via	O
its	O
eShop	O
download	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
Nintendo	O
Direct	O
event	O
on	O
September	O
4	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
bringing	O
select	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
to	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
Online	I-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
16-bit	B-Application
design	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
incorporates	O
graphics	O
and	O
sound	O
co-processors	O
that	O
perform	O
tiling	O
and	O
simulated	O
3D	O
effects	O
,	O
a	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
of	O
32,768	O
colors	O
,	O
and	O
8-channel	O
ADPCM	B-Algorithm
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
base	O
platform	O
features	O
,	O
plus	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
dramatically	O
extend	O
them	O
all	O
through	O
substantial	O
chip	O
upgrades	O
inside	O
of	O
each	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
,	O
represent	O
a	O
leap	O
over	O
the	O
8-bit	B-Application
NES	O
generation	O
and	O
some	O
significant	O
advantages	O
over	O
16-bit	B-Application
competitors	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Genesis	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
Ricoh	B-General_Concept
5A22	I-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
derivative	O
of	O
the	O
16-bit	B-Application
WDC	B-General_Concept
65C816	I-General_Concept
microprocessor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
NTSC	O
regions	O
,	O
its	O
nominal	O
clock	O
speed	O
is	O
3.58	O
MHz	O
but	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
will	O
slow	O
down	O
to	O
either	O
2.68MHz	O
or	O
1.79MHz	O
when	O
accessing	O
some	O
slower	O
peripherals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
has	O
an	O
8-bit	B-Application
data	O
bus	O
and	O
two	O
address	O
buses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
24-bit	O
"	O
BusA	O
"	O
is	O
designated	O
for	O
general	O
accesses	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
8-bit	B-Application
"	O
BusB	O
"	O
can	O
access	O
support	O
chip	O
registers	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
co-processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WDC	B-General_Concept
65C816	I-General_Concept
supports	O
an	O
8-channel	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
unit	O
,	O
an	O
8-bit	B-Application
parallel	O
I/O	O
port	O
a	O
controller	O
port	O
interface	O
circuits	O
allowing	O
serial	B-Protocol
and	O
parallel	O
access	O
to	O
controller	O
data	O
,	O
a	O
16-bit	B-Application
multiplication	O
and	O
division	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
circuitry	O
for	O
generating	O
non-maskable	B-General_Concept
interrupts	I-General_Concept
on	O
V-blank	O
and	O
IRQ	B-General_Concept
interrupts	O
on	O
calculated	O
screen	O
positions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
revision	O
5A22	O
has	O
a	O
fatal	O
bug	O
in	O
the	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
controller	I-General_Concept
that	O
can	O
crash	O
games	O
;	O
this	O
was	O
corrected	O
in	O
subsequent	O
revisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
contains	O
64KB	O
of	O
SRAM	B-Architecture
for	O
video	O
data	O
,	O
544	O
bytes	O
of	O
object	O
attribute	O
memory	O
(	O
OAM	O
)	O
for	O
sprite	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
256×15	O
bits	O
of	O
color	O
generator	O
RAM	O
(	O
CGRAM	O
)	O
for	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
CGRAM	O
provisions	O
up	O
to	O
256	O
colors	O
,	O
chosen	O
from	O
the	O
15-bit	O
RGB	O
color	O
space	O
,	O
from	O
a	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
of	O
32,768	O
colors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PPU	O
is	O
clocked	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
signal	O
as	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
and	O
generates	O
a	O
pixel	O
every	O
two	O
or	O
four	O
cycles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
S-SMP	O
audio	O
chip	O
consists	O
of	O
an	O
8-bit	B-Application
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
a	O
16-bit	B-Application
DSP	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
64KB	O
of	O
SRAM	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
clocked	O
at	O
a	O
nominal	O
24.576MHz	O
in	O
both	O
NTSC	O
and	O
PAL	B-Language
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
stereo	O
sound	O
,	O
composed	O
from	O
8	O
voices	O
generated	O
using	O
8	O
bit	O
audio	O
samples	O
and	O
various	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
echo	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Physically	O
,	O
the	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
are	O
shaped	O
differently	O
for	O
different	O
regions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
North	O
American	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
have	O
a	O
rectangular	O
bottom	O
with	O
inset	O
grooves	O
matching	O
protruding	O
tabs	O
in	O
the	O
console	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
regions	O
 '	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
are	O
narrower	O
with	O
a	O
smooth	O
curve	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
and	O
no	O
grooves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
physical	O
incompatibility	O
can	O
be	O
overcome	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
various	O
adapters	O
,	O
or	O
through	O
modification	B-Device
of	O
the	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internally	O
,	O
a	O
regional	O
lockout	O
chip	O
(	O
CIC	B-Device
)	O
within	O
the	O
console	O
and	O
in	O
each	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
prevents	O
the	O
PAL	B-Language
region	O
games	O
from	O
being	O
played	O
on	O
Japanese	O
or	O
North	O
American	O
consoles	O
and	O
vice	O
versa	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
overcome	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
adapters	O
,	O
typically	O
by	O
inserting	O
the	O
imported	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
in	O
one	O
slot	O
and	O
a	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
with	O
the	O
correct	O
region	O
chip	O
in	O
a	O
second	O
slot	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PAL	B-Language
consoles	O
face	O
another	O
incompatibility	O
when	O
playing	O
out-of-region	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
:	O
the	O
NTSC	O
video	O
standard	O
specifies	O
video	O
at	O
60Hz	O
but	O
PAL	B-Language
operates	O
at	O
50Hz	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
an	O
approximately	O
16.7	O
%	O
slower	O
framerate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PAL	B-Language
's	O
higher	O
resolution	O
results	O
in	O
letterboxing	O
of	O
the	O
output	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
commercial	O
PAL	B-Language
region	O
releases	O
exhibit	O
this	O
same	O
problem	O
and	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
played	O
in	O
NTSC	O
systems	O
without	O
issue	O
,	O
but	O
other	O
games	O
will	O
face	O
a	O
20%	O
speedup	O
if	O
played	O
in	O
an	O
NTSC	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
mostly	O
correct	O
this	O
issue	O
,	O
a	O
switch	O
can	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
place	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
PPU	O
into	O
a	O
60Hz	O
mode	O
supported	O
by	O
most	O
newer	O
PAL	B-Language
televisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
models	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
control	O
deck	O
are	O
predominantly	O
gray	O
,	O
of	O
slightly	O
different	O
shades	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
North	O
American	O
New-Style	B-General_Concept
Super	I-General_Concept
NES	I-General_Concept
(	O
model	O
SNS-101	B-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
the	O
Japanese	O
Super	B-General_Concept
Famicom	I-General_Concept
Jr.	I-General_Concept
(	O
model	O
SHVC-101	O
)	O
,	O
all	O
designed	O
by	O
Barr	O
,	O
are	O
both	O
smaller	O
with	O
a	O
rounded	O
contour	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SNS-101	B-General_Concept
buttons	O
are	O
purple	O
where	O
the	O
Super	B-General_Concept
Famicom	I-General_Concept
Jr.	I-General_Concept
buttons	O
are	O
gray	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
European	O
and	O
American	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
controllers	O
have	O
much	O
longer	O
cables	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
Japanese	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
controllers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
versions	O
incorporate	O
a	O
top-loading	O
slot	O
for	O
game	B-Protocol
cartridges	I-Protocol
,	O
although	O
the	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
slot	O
differs	O
between	O
regions	O
to	O
match	O
the	O
different	O
shapes	O
of	O
the	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MULTI	O
OUT	O
connector	O
(	O
later	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
and	O
GameCube	B-Application
)	O
can	O
output	O
composite	O
video	O
,	O
S-Video	O
and	O
RGB	O
signals	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
RF	B-Protocol
with	O
an	O
external	O
RF	B-Protocol
modulator	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Original	O
versions	O
additionally	O
include	O
a	O
28-pin	O
expansion	O
port	O
under	O
a	O
small	O
cover	O
on	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
unit	O
and	O
a	O
standard	O
RF	B-Protocol
output	O
with	O
channel	O
selection	O
switch	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
;	O
the	O
redesigned	O
models	O
output	O
composite	O
video	O
only	O
,	O
requiring	O
an	O
external	O
modulator	O
for	O
RF	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Nintendo	O
Super	O
System	O
(	O
NSS	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
arcade	O
system	O
for	O
retail	O
preview	O
of	O
11	O
particular	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
PlayChoice-10	B-Device
for	O
NES	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
consists	O
of	O
slightly	O
modified	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
hardware	O
with	O
a	O
menu	B-Application
interface	I-Application
and	O
25-inch	O
monitor	O
,	O
that	O
allows	O
gameplay	O
for	O
a	O
certain	O
amount	O
of	O
time	O
depending	O
on	O
game	O
credits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ABS	O
plastic	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
casing	O
of	O
some	O
older	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
and	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
consoles	O
is	O
particularly	O
susceptible	O
to	O
oxidization	O
with	O
exposure	O
to	O
air	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
are	O
distributed	O
on	O
ROM	B-Protocol
cartridges	I-Protocol
,	O
officially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
Game	O
Pak	O
in	O
most	O
Western	O
regions	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
in	O
Japan	O
and	O
parts	O
of	O
Latin	O
America	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
can	O
address	O
128Mbit	O
,	O
only	O
117.75Mbit	O
are	O
actually	O
available	O
for	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
fairly	O
normal	O
mapping	O
could	O
easily	O
address	O
up	O
to	O
95Mbit	O
of	O
ROM	B-Device
data	O
(	O
48Mbit	O
at	O
FastROM	O
speed	O
)	O
with	O
8Mbit	O
of	O
battery-backed	O
RAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
largest	O
games	O
released	O
(	O
Tales	B-Application
of	I-Application
Phantasia	I-Application
and	O
Star	B-Application
Ocean	I-Application
)	O
contain	O
48Mbit	O
of	O
ROM	B-Device
data	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
smallest	O
games	O
contain	O
only	O
2Mbit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cartridges	B-Protocol
may	O
also	O
contain	O
battery-backed	O
SRAM	B-Architecture
to	O
save	O
the	O
game	O
state	O
,	O
extra	O
working	O
RAM	O
,	O
custom	O
coprocessors	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
hardware	O
that	O
will	O
not	O
exceed	O
the	O
maximum	O
current	O
rating	O
of	O
the	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1757	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
were	O
officially	O
released	O
:	O
717	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
(	O
plus	O
4	O
championship	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
521	O
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
1,448	O
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
231	O
on	O
Satellaview	B-Device
,	O
and	O
13	O
on	O
Sufami	B-Device
Turbo	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
have	O
been	O
called	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
greatest	O
video	O
games	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Super	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
World	I-Application
(	O
1990	O
)	O
,	O
The	B-Application
Legend	I-Application
of	I-Application
Zelda	I-Application
:	I-Application
A	I-Application
Link	I-Application
to	I-Application
the	I-Application
Past	I-Application
(	O
1991	O
)	O
,	O
Donkey	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
Country	I-Application
(	O
1994	O
)	O
,	O
EarthBound	B-Application
(	O
1994	O
)	O
,	O
Super	B-Application
Metroid	I-Application
(	O
1994	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Yoshi	B-Device
's	I-Device
Island	I-Device
(	O
1995	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
have	O
been	O
rereleased	O
several	O
times	O
,	O
including	O
on	O
the	O
Virtual	B-Application
Console	I-Application
,	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
Classic	I-Application
Edition	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
classic	O
games	O
service	O
on	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
Online	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
games	O
are	O
playable	O
with	O
the	O
Super	B-Device
Game	I-Device
Boy	I-Device
add-on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
emulators	O
have	O
been	O
produced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
controller	O
design	O
expands	O
on	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
NES	O
,	O
with	O
A	O
,	O
B	O
,	O
X	O
,	O
and	O
Y	O
face	O
buttons	O
in	O
a	O
diamond	O
arrangement	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
shoulder	O
buttons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Japanese	O
and	O
PAL	B-Language
region	O
versions	O
incorporate	O
the	O
four	O
colors	O
of	O
the	O
face	O
buttons	O
into	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
logo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
later	O
controller	O
designs	O
have	O
elements	O
from	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
controller	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
,	O
Dreamcast	B-Operating_System
,	O
Xbox	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Wii	B-Device
Classic	I-Device
Controller	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
face	O
button	O
layout	O
is	O
on	O
future	O
Nintendo	O
systems	O
since	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Device
DS	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
peripherals	O
add	O
to	O
the	O
functionality	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
are	O
required	O
by	O
certain	O
games	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Super	B-Device
Scope	I-Device
light	B-Device
gun	I-Device
,	O
and	O
the	O
Super	B-Device
NES	I-Device
Mouse	I-Device
for	O
a	O
point	O
and	O
click	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Various	O
third-parties	O
,	O
under	O
license	O
from	O
Nintendo	O
,	O
released	O
multitap	B-Device
adapters	O
connecting	O
up	O
to	O
five	O
controllers	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
console	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
the	O
Super	O
Multitap	B-Device
by	O
Hudson	O
Soft	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Bomberman	I-Application
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specialized	O
third-party	O
controllers	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
AsciiPad	O
and	O
Super	O
Advantage	O
(	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
NES	B-Device
Advantage	I-Device
)	O
by	O
Asciiware	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Capcom	O
Fighter	O
Power	O
Stick	O
,	O
an	O
arcade-like	O
joystick	O
controller	O
by	O
Capcom	O
designed	O
specifically	O
for	O
Street	B-Application
Fighter	I-Application
II	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unusual	O
controllers	O
include	O
the	O
BatterUP	B-Device
baseball	O
bat	O
,	O
the	O
Life	O
Fitness	O
Entertainment	O
System	O
(	O
an	O
exercise	O
bike	O
controller	O
with	O
built-in	O
monitoring	O
software	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
TeeV	O
Golf	O
golf	O
club	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Justifier	B-Device
(	O
a	O
revolver-shaped	O
light	B-Device
gun	I-Device
made	O
by	O
Konami	O
for	O
Lethal	B-Application
Enforcers	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
Nintendo	O
never	O
released	O
an	O
adapter	O
for	O
playing	O
NES	O
games	O
on	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Device
Game	I-Device
Boy	I-Device
adapter	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
allows	O
games	O
designed	O
for	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
portable	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
system	O
to	O
be	O
played	O
on	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Device
Game	I-Device
Boy	I-Device
touts	O
several	O
feature	O
enhancements	O
over	O
the	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
,	O
including	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
substitution	O
,	O
custom	O
screen	O
borders	O
,	O
and	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
console	O
's	O
features	O
by	O
specially	O
enhanced	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Japan	O
also	O
saw	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Device
Game	I-Device
Boy	I-Device
2	O
,	O
which	O
adds	O
a	O
communication	O
port	O
to	O
enable	O
a	O
second	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
to	O
connect	O
for	O
multiplayer	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	O
NES	O
before	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
has	O
unlicensed	O
third-party	O
peripherals	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
new	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Game	B-Device
Genie	I-Device
cheat	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
designed	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soon	O
after	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
companies	O
began	O
marketing	O
backup	B-Device
devices	I-Device
such	O
as	O
the	O
Super	O
Wildcard	O
,	O
Super	B-Application
Pro	I-Application
Fighter	I-Application
Q	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Game	O
Doctor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
devices	O
create	O
a	O
backup	O
of	O
a	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
play	O
illicit	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
images	I-General_Concept
or	O
to	O
copy	O
games	O
,	O
violating	O
copyright	O
laws	O
in	O
many	O
jurisdictions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Japan-only	O
Satellaview	B-Device
is	O
a	O
satellite	O
modem	B-Application
attached	O
to	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Famicom	I-Application
's	O
expansion	O
port	O
and	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
St.GIGA	O
satellite	O
radio	O
station	O
from	O
April	O
23	O
,	O
1995	O
,	O
to	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Satellaview	B-Device
subscribers	O
could	O
download	O
gaming	O
news	O
and	O
specially	O
designed	O
games	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
frequently	O
either	O
remakes	O
of	O
or	O
sequels	O
to	O
older	O
Famicom	O
games	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
in	O
installments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
the	O
relatively	O
short-lived	O
XBAND	B-Application
allowed	O
users	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
a	O
network	O
via	O
a	O
dial-up	B-Application
modem	I-Application
to	O
compete	B-Application
against	I-Application
other	I-Application
players	I-Application
around	I-Application
the	I-Application
country	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
attempted	O
partnerships	O
with	O
Sony	O
and	O
then	O
Philips	O
,	O
to	O
develop	O
CD-ROM-based	O
peripheral	O
prototypes	O
for	O
the	O
console	O
to	O
compete	O
with	O
the	O
Sega	B-Device
CD	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
produced	O
a	O
Nintendo	B-Device
Play	I-Device
Station	I-Device
prototype	O
which	O
was	O
canceled	O
,	O
diverting	O
this	O
inertia	O
into	O
its	O
own	O
PlayStation	B-Device
console	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Philips	O
project	O
was	O
canceled	O
without	O
a	O
prototype	O
but	O
Philips	O
retained	O
the	O
contractual	O
right	O
to	O
develop	O
games	O
based	O
on	O
Nintendo	O
franchises	O
,	O
which	O
it	O
published	O
for	O
its	O
CD-i	B-Device
multimedia	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
overall	O
plan	O
for	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
rather	O
than	O
include	O
an	O
expensive	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
that	O
would	O
still	O
become	O
obsolete	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
years	O
,	O
the	O
hardware	O
designers	O
made	O
it	O
easy	O
to	O
interface	O
special	O
coprocessor	O
chips	O
to	O
the	O
console	O
,	O
just	O
like	O
the	O
MMC	O
chips	O
used	O
for	O
most	O
NES	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
most	O
often	O
characterized	O
by	O
16	O
additional	O
pins	O
on	O
the	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
card	O
edge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Device
FX	I-Device
is	O
a	O
RISC	B-Architecture
CPU	B-General_Concept
designed	O
to	O
perform	O
functions	O
that	O
the	O
main	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
can	O
not	O
feasibly	O
do	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Nintendo	O
fixed-point	O
digital	B-Architecture
signal	I-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
(	O
DSP	B-Architecture
)	O
chip	O
allowed	O
for	O
fast	O
vector-based	O
calculations	O
,	O
bitmap	O
conversions	O
,	O
both	O
2D	O
and	O
3D	O
coordinate	O
transformations	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Four	O
revisions	O
of	O
the	O
chip	O
exist	O
,	O
each	O
physically	O
identical	O
but	O
with	O
different	O
microcode	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DSP-1	O
version	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
later	O
1A	O
and	O
1B	O
bug	O
fix	O
revisions	O
,	O
is	O
used	O
most	O
often	O
;	O
the	O
DSP-2	O
,	O
DSP-3	O
,	O
and	O
DSP-4	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
only	O
one	O
game	O
each	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
to	O
the	O
5A22	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
console	O
,	O
the	O
SA-1	O
chip	O
contains	O
a	O
65C816	B-General_Concept
processor	O
core	O
clocked	O
at	O
10MHz	O
,	O
a	O
memory	O
mapper	O
,	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
,	O
decompression	O
and	O
bitplane	O
conversion	O
circuitry	O
,	O
several	O
programmable	O
timers	O
,	O
and	O
CIC	B-Device
region	O
lockout	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Japan	O
,	O
games	O
could	O
be	O
downloaded	O
cheaper	O
than	O
standard	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
,	O
from	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Power	I-Application
kiosks	I-Application
onto	O
special	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
containing	O
flash	B-Device
memory	I-Device
and	O
a	O
MegaChips	O
MX15001TFC	O
chip	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
chip	O
manages	O
communication	O
with	O
the	O
kiosks	O
to	O
download	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
images	I-General_Concept
and	O
has	O
an	O
initial	O
menu	O
to	O
select	O
a	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
were	O
published	O
both	O
in	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
and	O
download	O
form	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
were	O
download	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
contain	O
other	O
enhancement	O
chips	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
created	O
for	O
use	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
company	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Approximately	O
49.1million	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
consoles	O
were	O
sold	O
worldwide	O
,	O
with	O
23.35million	O
of	O
those	O
units	O
sold	O
in	O
the	O
Americas	O
and	O
17.17million	O
in	O
Japan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
could	O
not	O
quite	O
repeat	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
the	O
NES	O
,	O
which	O
sold	O
61.91million	O
units	O
worldwide	O
,	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
was	O
the	O
best-selling	B-Application
console	I-Application
of	O
its	O
era	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
1997	O
year-end	O
review	O
,	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
five	O
Electronic	O
Gaming	O
Monthly	O
editors	O
gave	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
scores	O
of	O
5.5	O
,	O
8.0	O
,	O
7.0	O
,	O
7.0	O
,	O
and	O
8.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
noting	O
that	O
used	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
games	O
were	O
readily	O
available	O
in	O
bargain	O
bins	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
them	O
still	O
recommended	O
buying	O
a	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
GameTrailers	O
named	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
as	O
the	O
second-best	O
console	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
in	O
their	O
list	O
of	O
top	O
ten	O
consoles	O
that	O
"	O
left	O
their	O
mark	O
on	O
the	O
history	O
of	O
gaming	O
"	O
,	O
citing	O
its	O
graphics	O
,	O
sound	O
,	O
and	O
library	O
of	O
top-quality	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2015	O
,	O
they	O
also	O
named	O
it	O
the	O
best	O
Nintendo	O
console	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
,	O
saying	O
,	O
"	O
The	O
list	O
of	O
games	O
we	O
love	O
from	O
this	O
console	O
completely	O
annihilates	O
any	O
other	O
roster	O
from	O
the	O
Big	O
N.	O
"	O
Technology	O
columnist	O
Don	O
Reisinger	O
proclaimed	O
"	O
The	O
SNES	B-Application
is	O
the	O
greatest	O
console	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
"	O
in	O
January	O
2008	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
the	O
games	O
and	O
the	O
console	O
's	O
dramatic	O
improvement	O
over	O
its	O
predecessor	O
;	O
fellow	O
technology	O
columnist	O
Will	O
Greenwald	O
replied	O
with	O
a	O
more	O
nuanced	O
view	O
,	O
giving	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
top	O
marks	O
with	O
his	O
heart	O
,	O
the	O
NES	O
with	O
his	O
head	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
(	O
for	O
its	B-Device
controller	I-Device
)	O
with	O
his	O
hands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GamingExcellence	O
also	O
gave	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
first	O
place	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
declaring	O
it	O
"	O
simply	O
the	O
most	O
timeless	O
system	O
ever	O
created	O
"	O
with	O
many	O
games	O
that	O
stand	O
the	O
test	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
citing	O
its	O
innovation	O
in	O
controller	O
design	O
,	O
graphics	O
capabilities	O
,	O
and	O
game	O
storytelling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
IGN	O
named	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
the	O
fourth-best	O
video	B-Application
game	I-Application
console	I-Application
,	O
complimenting	O
its	O
audio	O
and	O
number	O
of	O
AAA	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
emulation	O
began	O
with	O
VSMC	O
in	O
1994	O
,	O
and	O
Super	O
Pasofami	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
working	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
emulator	O
in	O
1996	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
two	O
competing	O
emulation	O
projects	O
,	O
Snes96	B-Operating_System
and	O
Snes97	B-Operating_System
,	O
merged	O
to	O
form	O
Snes9x	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1997	O
,	O
ZSNES	B-Language
development	O
began	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Bsnes	B-Language
development	O
began	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
preservation	O
through	O
maximal	O
accuracy	O
and	O
compatibility	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
Higan	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
of	O
America	O
maintained	O
its	O
stance	O
against	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
ROM	B-General_Concept
image	I-General_Concept
files	O
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
emulators	O
as	O
it	O
does	O
with	O
the	O
NES	O
,	O
insisting	O
that	O
these	O
things	O
represent	O
flagrant	O
copyright	O
infringement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Emulation	O
proponents	O
assert	O
that	O
the	O
discontinued	O
hardware	O
production	O
constitutes	O
abandonware	O
status	O
,	O
the	O
owners	O
 '	O
right	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
personal	O
backup	O
,	O
space	B-Device
shifting	I-Device
for	O
private	O
use	O
,	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
homebrew	B-Application
games	I-Application
,	O
the	O
frailty	O
of	O
ROM	B-Protocol
cartridges	I-Protocol
and	O
consoles	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
certain	O
foreign	O
imports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
designed	O
a	O
hobbyist	O
development	O
system	O
for	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
but	O
never	O
released	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unofficial	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
emulation	O
is	O
available	O
on	O
virtually	O
all	O
platforms	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
game	O
consoles	O
,	O
and	O
PDAs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Individual	O
games	O
have	O
been	O
bundled	O
with	O
official	O
dedicated	O
emulators	O
on	O
some	O
GameCube	B-Application
discs	O
,	O
and	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
Virtual	B-Application
Console	I-Application
service	O
for	O
the	B-Operating_System
Wii	I-Operating_System
introduced	O
diverse	O
and	O
officially	O
licensed	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
emulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
Classic	I-Application
Edition	I-Application
was	O
released	O
in	O
September	O
2017	O
following	O
the	O
NES	B-Application
Classic	I-Application
Edition	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
emulation-based	O
mini-console	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
physically	O
modeled	O
after	O
the	O
North	O
American	O
and	O
European	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
two	O
Super	O
NES-style	O
controllers	O
and	O
21	O
games	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
previously	O
unreleased	O
Star	B-Device
Fox	I-Device
2	I-Device
.	O
</s>
