<s>
Streaming	B-Operating_System
data	I-Operating_System
is	O
data	O
that	O
is	O
continuously	O
generated	O
by	O
different	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
data	O
should	O
be	O
processed	O
incrementally	O
using	O
stream	B-Application
processing	I-Application
techniques	O
without	O
having	O
access	O
to	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
that	O
concept	B-Algorithm
drift	I-Algorithm
may	O
happen	O
in	O
the	O
data	O
which	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
stream	O
may	O
change	O
over	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
usually	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
big	B-Application
data	I-Application
in	O
which	O
it	O
is	O
generated	O
by	O
many	O
different	O
sources	O
at	O
high	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Big	B-Application
data	I-Application
is	O
forcing	O
many	O
organizations	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
storage	O
costs	O
,	O
which	O
brings	O
interest	O
to	O
data	B-General_Concept
lakes	I-General_Concept
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
streams	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
data	B-General_Concept
lake	I-General_Concept
refers	O
to	O
the	O
storage	O
of	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
unstructured	O
and	O
semi	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
useful	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
big	B-Application
data	I-Application
as	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
stored	O
in	O
such	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
firms	O
can	O
dive	O
into	O
the	O
data	B-General_Concept
lake	I-General_Concept
and	O
pull	O
out	O
what	O
they	O
need	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
they	O
need	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
stream	I-General_Concept
can	O
perform	O
real-time	O
analysis	O
on	O
streaming	B-Operating_System
data	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
it	O
differs	O
from	O
data	B-General_Concept
lakes	I-General_Concept
in	O
speed	O
and	O
continuous	O
nature	O
of	O
analysis	O
,	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
store	O
the	O
data	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
these	O
characteristics	O
are	O
explained	O
and	O
further	O
elaborated	O
with	O
different	O
examples	O
of	O
data	O
streaming	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
and	O
digitizing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Where	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
refers	O
to	O
a	O
more	O
socio-technical	O
process	O
,	O
where	O
digitized	O
techniques	O
are	O
applied	O
to	O
broader	O
social	O
and	O
institutional	O
contexts	O
,	O
meaning	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
converting	O
information	O
into	O
a	O
digital	O
format	O
,	O
readable	O
by	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Within	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
data	O
streaming	O
this	O
means	O
that	O
media	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
(	O
information	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
digitized	O
since	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
of	O
‘	O
information/media	O
’	O
has	O
started	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
since	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
this	O
century	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Within	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
data	O
streaming	O
,	O
this	O
means	O
in	O
theory	O
that	O
one	O
can	O
stream	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
now	O
from	O
any	O
digital	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Producers	O
can	O
now	O
digitize	O
songs	O
and	O
upload	O
them	O
on	O
Spotify	B-Application
,	O
instead	O
of	O
paying	O
for	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
the	O
physical	O
Albums	O
and	O
distributing	O
these	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
streaming	O
works	O
in	O
different	O
application	O
versions	O
and	O
systems	O
such	O
as	O
IOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Streaming	O
services	O
for	O
example	O
connects	O
a	O
vast	O
collection	O
of	O
music	O
and	O
films	O
of	O
‘	O
producers’	O
with	O
their	O
consumers	O
,	O
so	O
how	O
music	O
on	O
Spotify	B-Application
can	O
easily	O
reach	O
a	O
vast	O
group	O
of	O
consumers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UPS	O
does	O
this	O
for	O
example	O
to	O
‘	O
calculate’	O
the	O
optimal	O
delivery	O
routes	O
by	O
streaming	O
real	O
time	O
big	B-Application
data	I-Application
and	O
thereby	O
reducing	O
time	O
to	O
deliver	O
packages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
very	O
much	O
the	O
case	O
at	O
popcorn	B-Protocol
time	I-Protocol
,	O
a	O
service	O
where	O
people	O
can	O
stream	O
latest	O
movies	O
on	O
demand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
happening	O
in	O
the	O
video	O
and	O
music	O
streaming	O
industry	O
,	O
think	O
of	O
Netflix	O
or	O
Spotify	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Real-estate	O
:	O
Websites	O
can	O
track	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
data	O
from	O
consumers’	O
mobile	O
devices	O
and	O
makes	O
real-time	O
property	O
recommendations	O
of	O
properties	O
to	O
visit	O
based	O
on	O
their	O
geo-location	O
(	O
Amazon	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gaming	O
:	O
An	O
online	O
gaming	O
company	O
can	O
collect	O
streaming	B-Operating_System
data	I-Operating_System
about	O
player-game	O
interactions	O
,	O
and	O
feeds	O
the	O
data	O
into	O
its	O
gaming	O
platform	O
(	O
Amazon	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
E-commerce/Marketing	O
:	O
Data	O
streaming	O
can	O
provide	O
all	O
clickstream	O
records	O
from	O
its	O
online	O
properties	O
and	O
aggregate	O
and	O
enrich	O
the	O
data	O
with	O
demographic	O
information	O
about	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
optimizes	O
content	O
placement	O
on	O
its	O
site	O
,	O
delivering	O
relevancy	O
and	O
better	O
experience	O
to	O
customers	O
(	O
Amazon	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
social	O
media	O
platforms	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
are	O
providing	O
live-streaming	O
services	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
global	O
news	O
publishers	O
to	O
connect	O
directly	O
with	O
the	O
right	O
audiences	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
far	O
wider	O
range	O
of	O
audiences	O
than	O
they	O
otherwise	O
would	O
have	O
reached	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
third	O
wave	O
of	O
streaming	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
Netflix	O
,	O
iTunes	O
,	O
Hulu	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
and	O
Blockbuster	O
have	O
changed	O
the	O
film	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
digitization	O
,	O
digitalization	B-General_Concept
and	O
underlying	O
technologies	O
of	O
streaming	O
have	O
created	O
these	O
streaming	O
services	O
which	O
essentially	O
caused	O
this	O
disruption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
music	O
streaming	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
Spotify	B-Application
and	O
Apple	O
Music	O
challenges	O
the	O
traditional	O
label	O
companies	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
now	O
risking	O
to	O
be	O
outcompeted	O
by	O
new	O
business	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Game	O
streaming	O
is	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
considerable	O
growth	O
of	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
,	O
which	O
allow	O
gamers	O
to	O
access	O
a	O
greater	O
variety	O
of	O
games	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
own	O
expensive	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
operates	O
as	O
an	O
enabler	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
game	O
streaming	O
,	O
where	O
hardware	O
and	O
content	O
is	O
accessed	O
from	O
the	O
cloud	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
offering	O
greater	O
flexibility	O
in	O
content	O
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Game	O
streaming	O
allowed	O
by	O
cloud	B-Architecture
technology	I-Architecture
will	O
drive	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
gaming	O
industry	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
hardware	O
configuration	O
of	O
machines	O
in	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
that	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
developers	O
,	O
cost	O
and	O
time	O
will	O
be	O
reduced	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
greater	O
ability	O
of	O
user	O
reach	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
