<s>
Store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
is	O
a	O
telecommunications	O
technique	O
in	O
which	O
information	O
is	O
sent	O
to	O
an	O
intermediate	O
station	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
kept	O
and	O
sent	O
at	O
a	O
later	O
time	O
to	O
the	O
final	O
destination	O
or	O
to	O
another	O
intermediate	O
station	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
intermediate	O
station	O
,	O
or	O
node	B-Protocol
in	O
a	O
networking	B-Architecture
context	O
,	O
verifies	O
the	O
integrity	O
of	O
the	O
message	O
before	O
forwarding	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
originates	O
with	O
delay-tolerant	B-Protocol
networks	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Logistical	O
Networking	B-Architecture
is	O
a	O
scalable	O
form	O
of	O
store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
networking	B-Architecture
that	O
exposes	O
network-embedded	O
buffers	O
on	O
intermediate	B-Protocol
nodes	I-Protocol
and	O
allows	O
flexible	O
creation	O
of	O
services	O
by	O
higher-level	O
managers	O
including	O
caching	B-General_Concept
,	O
point-to-multipoint	O
communication	O
(	O
or	O
multicast	O
)	O
,	O
content	O
delivery	O
and	O
many	O
other	O
stateful	O
distributed	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Real	O
time	O
services	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
using	O
logistical	O
networking	B-Architecture
when	O
data	O
transfer	O
connectivity	O
permits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
store-and-forward	B-Protocol
switching	I-Protocol
center	I-Protocol
is	O
a	O
message	B-Protocol
switching	I-Protocol
center	O
in	O
which	O
a	O
message	O
is	O
accepted	O
from	O
the	O
originating	O
user	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
sender	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
is	O
offered	O
,	O
held	O
in	O
a	O
physical	O
storage	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
forwarded	O
to	O
the	O
destination	O
user	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
receiver	O
,	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
priority	O
placed	O
upon	O
the	O
message	O
by	O
the	O
originating	O
user	O
and	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
an	O
outgoing	O
channel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
switching	O
centers	O
are	O
usually	O
implemented	O
in	O
mobile	O
service	O
stations	O
where	O
the	O
messages	O
that	O
are	O
sent	O
from	O
the	O
sender	O
is	O
first	O
sent	O
to	O
these	O
centers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
networks	I-Protocol
predate	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1948	O
,	O
Western	O
Union	O
introduced	O
Plan	O
55-A	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
automatic	O
electromechanical	O
store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
message	B-Protocol
switching	I-Protocol
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
message	O
storage	B-General_Concept
was	O
performed	O
by	O
paper	O
tape	O
punches	O
paired	O
with	O
paper	O
tape	O
readers	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
bin	O
in	O
between	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
very	O
common	O
for	O
an	O
email	O
system	O
using	O
SMTP	B-Protocol
to	O
accept	O
a	O
message	O
,	O
store	O
it	O
and	O
then	O
forward	O
it	O
on	O
elsewhere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
UUCP	O
store-and-forward	B-Protocol
protocols	O
allowed	O
a	O
message	O
(	O
typically	O
e-mail	O
)	O
to	O
move	O
across	O
the	O
collection	O
of	O
computers	O
and	O
eventually	O
reach	O
its	O
destination	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Late	O
in	O
the	O
20th	O
century	O
,	O
store	B-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
forward	I-Protocol
techniques	O
evolved	O
into	O
packet	B-Protocol
switching	I-Protocol
which	O
replaced	O
it	O
for	O
most	O
purposes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FidoNet	O
was	O
an	O
email	O
store-and-forward	B-Protocol
system	O
for	O
bulletin	B-Application
board	I-Application
systems	I-Application
that	O
peaked	O
at	O
45,000	O
systems	O
with	O
millions	O
of	O
users	O
across	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
was	O
highly	O
efficient	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
latest	O
file	B-General_Concept
compression	I-General_Concept
and	O
file	B-Protocol
transfer	I-Protocol
systems	O
to	O
aggressively	O
drive	O
down	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
transmission	O
on	O
what	O
was	O
largely	O
a	O
hobby	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
was	O
later	O
modified	O
to	O
support	O
public	O
messages	O
(	O
forums	B-Application
)	O
called	O
EchoMail	O
,	O
which	O
grew	O
to	O
about	O
8MB	O
a	O
day	O
,	O
compressed	O
.	O
</s>
