<s>
Static	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
generators	I-Protocol
(	O
SSGs	O
)	O
are	O
engines	O
that	O
use	O
text	O
input	O
files	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Markdown	O
,	O
reStructuredText	B-Language
,	O
and	O
AsciiDoc	B-Language
)	O
to	O
generate	O
static	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Static	O
sites	O
generated	O
by	O
static	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
generators	I-Protocol
do	O
not	O
require	O
a	O
backend	B-Architecture
after	O
site	O
generation	O
,	O
making	O
them	O
first-class	O
citizens	O
on	O
content	B-Operating_System
delivery	I-Operating_System
networks	I-Operating_System
(	O
CDNs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
static	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
generators	I-Protocol
are	O
Jekyll	B-Protocol
,	O
Hugo	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
Next.js	B-Language
(	O
JavaScript	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
static	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
generators	I-Protocol
paradigm	O
becoming	O
widespread	O
,	O
Wikipedia	O
was	O
an	O
avant	O
la	O
lettre	O
SSG	O
,	O
using	O
markdown	O
to	O
serve	O
static	O
encyclopedic	O
articles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
modern	O
static	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
generator	I-Protocol
was	O
Jekyll	B-Protocol
released	O
in	O
2008	O
by	O
Tom	O
Preston-Werner	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
co-founders	O
of	O
GitHub	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SSGs	O
typically	O
consist	O
of	O
a	O
template	B-Language
written	O
in	O
HTML	B-Language
with	O
a	O
templating	O
system	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
liquid	O
(	O
Jekyll	B-Protocol
)	O
or	O
Go	B-Application
template	B-Language
(	O
Hugo	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
same	O
structure	O
(	O
typically	O
a	O
Git	B-Application
repository	O
)	O
includes	O
content	O
in	O
a	O
plain-text	O
format	O
such	O
as	O
markdown	O
or	O
reStructuredText	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
website	O
variable	O
settings	O
are	O
stored	O
in	O
a	O
flat-text	O
configuration	O
file	O
_config.yml	O
(	O
YAML	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
_config.toml	O
(	O
TOML	B-Protocol
)	O
or	O
_config.json	O
(	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Page	O
files	O
typically	O
also	O
start	O
with	O
a	O
YAML	B-Protocol
,	O
TOML	B-Protocol
or	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
preamble	O
to	O
define	O
variables	O
such	O
as	O
title	O
,	O
permalink	O
,	O
date	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Files	O
with	O
names	O
that	O
begin	O
with	O
an	O
underscore	O
( _	O
)	O
such	O
as	O
_index.md	O
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
index.md	O
)	O
are	O
considered	O
templates	B-Language
or	O
archetypes	O
and	O
are	O
thus	O
not	O
rendered	O
as	O
pages	O
themselves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
hundreds	O
SSGs	O
have	O
been	O
documented	O
to	O
exist	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
being	O
written	O
in	O
languages	O
that	O
are	O
already	O
prominent	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Python	B-Language
,	O
Go	B-Application
,	O
and	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
System	O
label/name	O
Language	O
Notes	O
Jekyll	B-Protocol
Ruby	B-Language
Uses	O
Liquid	O
templating	B-Language
language	I-Language
from	O
Shopify	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hugo	B-Protocol
Go	B-Application
Uses	O
Go	B-Application
templates	B-Language
and	O
its	O
main	O
selling	O
point	O
is	O
its	O
high	O
speed	O
when	O
building	O
large	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Next.js	B-Language
JavaScript	B-Language
Uses	O
React	O
templates	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pelican	O
Python	B-Language
Uses	O
Jinja2	O
templates	B-Language
,	O
supports	O
multiple	O
languages	O
and	O
content	O
can	O
be	O
imported	O
from	O
popular	O
blogging	O
platforms	O
like	O
WordPress	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
server-side	O
template	B-Language
systems	I-Language
have	O
an	O
option	O
to	O
publish	O
output	O
pages	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
published	O
pages	O
are	O
static	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
common	O
on	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
,	O
like	O
Vignette	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
not	O
considered	O
out-server	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
cases	O
,	O
this	O
"	O
publish	O
option	O
"	O
does	O
n't	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
template	B-Language
system	I-Language
,	O
and	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
made	O
by	O
external	O
software	O
,	O
as	O
Wget	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
People	O
began	O
to	O
use	O
server-side	O
dynamic	O
pages	O
generated	O
from	O
templates	B-Language
with	O
pre-existent	O
software	O
adapted	O
for	O
this	O
task	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
early	O
software	O
was	O
the	O
preprocessors	B-General_Concept
and	O
macro	O
languages	O
,	O
adapted	O
for	O
the	O
web	O
use	O
,	O
running	O
on	O
CGI	B-Language
.	O
</s>
