<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
is	O
an	O
application	B-Application
framework	I-Application
and	O
inversion	B-Language
of	I-Language
control	I-Language
container	B-Language
for	O
the	O
Java	B-Device
platform	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
framework	O
's	O
core	O
features	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
any	O
Java	B-Language
application	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
are	O
extensions	O
for	O
building	O
web	O
applications	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
EE	I-Language
(	O
Enterprise	O
Edition	O
)	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
framework	O
does	O
not	O
impose	O
any	O
specific	O
programming	O
model	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
become	O
popular	O
in	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
community	O
as	O
an	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
Enterprise	B-Language
JavaBeans	I-Language
(	O
EJB	B-Language
)	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
is	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
version	O
was	O
written	O
by	O
Rod	O
Johnson	O
,	O
who	O
released	O
the	O
framework	O
with	O
the	O
publication	O
of	O
his	O
book	O
Expert	O
One-on-One	O
J2EE	B-Language
Design	O
and	O
Development	O
in	O
October	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
framework	O
was	O
first	O
released	O
under	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
2.0	I-Application
license	I-Application
in	O
June	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
4.0	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
December	O
2013	O
.	O
Notable	O
improvements	O
in	O
Spring	O
4.0	O
included	O
support	O
for	O
Java	B-Language
SE	O
(	O
Standard	O
Edition	O
)	O
8	O
,	O
Groovy	B-Application
2	O
,	O
some	O
aspects	B-Application
of	O
Java	B-Language
EE	I-Language
7	I-Language
,	O
and	O
WebSocket	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
4.2.0	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
31	O
July	O
2015	O
and	O
was	O
immediately	O
upgraded	O
to	O
version	O
4.2.1	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
01	O
Sept	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
"	O
compatible	O
with	O
Java	B-Language
6	O
,	O
7	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
focus	O
on	O
core	O
refinements	O
and	O
modern	O
web	O
capabilities	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
4.3	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
on	O
10	O
June	O
2016	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
supported	O
until	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
"	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
final	O
generation	O
within	O
the	O
general	O
Spring	O
4	O
system	O
requirements	O
(	O
Java	B-Language
6+	O
,	O
Servlet	B-Application
2.5	O
+	O
)	O
,	O
 [ ... ] 	O
 "	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
5	O
is	O
announced	O
to	O
be	O
built	O
upon	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
compatible	O
Reactor	O
Core	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
6.0	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
on	O
16	O
November	O
2022	O
and	O
came	O
with	O
a	O
Java	B-Language
17+	O
baseline	O
and	O
a	O
move	O
to	O
Jakarta	B-Language
EE	I-Language
9+	O
(	O
in	O
the	O
jakarta	O
namespace	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
recently	O
released	O
Jakarta	B-Language
EE	I-Language
10	O
APIs	O
such	O
as	O
Servlet	B-Application
6.0	O
and	O
JPA	O
3.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
includes	O
several	O
modules	O
that	O
provide	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
services	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
Core	O
Container	B-Language
:	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
base	O
module	O
of	O
Spring	O
and	O
provides	O
spring	O
containers	O
(	O
BeanFactory	O
and	O
ApplicationContext	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aspect-oriented	B-Architecture
programming	I-Architecture
:	O
enables	O
implementing	O
cross-cutting	B-Application
concerns	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Authentication	O
and	O
authorization	O
:	O
configurable	O
security	O
processes	O
that	O
support	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
standards	O
,	O
protocols	O
,	O
tools	O
and	O
practices	O
via	O
the	O
Spring	B-Language
Security	I-Language
sub-project	O
(	O
formerly	O
Acegi	O
Security	O
System	O
for	O
Spring	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Model	O
–	O
view	O
–	O
controller	O
:	O
an	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
-	O
and	O
servlet-based	O
framework	O
providing	O
hooks	O
for	O
extension	O
and	O
customization	O
for	O
web	O
applications	O
and	O
RESTful	O
(	O
representational	O
state	O
transfer	O
)	O
Web	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Central	O
to	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
is	O
its	O
inversion	B-Language
of	I-Language
control	I-Language
(	O
IoC	O
)	O
container	B-Language
,	O
which	O
provides	O
a	O
consistent	O
means	O
of	O
configuring	O
and	O
managing	O
Java	B-Language
objects	O
using	O
reflection	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
container	B-Language
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
managing	O
object	O
lifecycles	O
of	O
specific	O
objects	O
:	O
creating	O
these	O
objects	O
,	O
calling	O
their	O
initialization	O
methods	O
,	O
and	O
configuring	O
these	O
objects	O
by	O
wiring	O
them	O
together	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Objects	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
container	B-Language
are	O
also	O
called	O
managed	O
objects	O
or	O
beans	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
container	B-Language
can	O
be	O
configured	O
by	O
loading	O
XML	B-Protocol
(	O
Extensible	B-Protocol
Markup	I-Protocol
Language	I-Protocol
)	O
files	O
or	O
detecting	O
specific	O
Java	B-Language
annotations	I-Language
on	O
configuration	O
classes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Objects	O
can	O
be	O
obtained	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
either	O
dependency	O
lookup	O
or	O
dependency	B-Library
injection	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dependency	O
lookup	O
is	O
a	O
pattern	O
where	O
a	O
caller	O
asks	O
the	O
container	B-Language
object	O
for	O
an	O
object	O
with	O
a	O
specific	O
name	O
or	O
of	O
a	O
specific	O
type	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dependency	B-Library
injection	I-Library
is	O
a	O
pattern	O
where	O
the	O
container	B-Language
passes	O
objects	O
by	O
name	O
to	O
other	O
objects	O
,	O
via	O
either	O
constructors	O
,	O
properties	B-Language
,	O
or	O
factory	B-Language
methods	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
many	O
cases	O
one	O
need	O
not	O
use	O
the	O
container	B-Language
when	O
using	O
other	O
parts	O
of	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
,	O
although	O
using	O
it	O
will	O
likely	O
make	O
an	O
application	O
easier	O
to	O
configure	O
and	O
customize	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
container	B-Language
provides	O
a	O
consistent	O
mechanism	O
to	O
configure	O
applications	O
and	O
integrates	O
with	O
almost	O
all	O
Java	B-Language
environments	O
,	O
from	O
small-scale	O
applications	O
to	O
large	O
enterprise	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
container	B-Language
can	O
be	O
turned	O
into	O
a	O
partially	O
compliant	O
EJB	B-Language
(	O
Enterprise	B-Language
JavaBeans	I-Language
)	O
3.0	O
container	B-Language
by	O
means	O
of	O
the	O
Pitchfork	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
criticize	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
for	O
not	O
complying	O
with	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
SpringSource	B-Application
does	O
n't	O
see	O
EJB	B-Language
3	O
compliance	O
as	O
a	O
major	O
goal	O
,	O
and	O
claims	O
that	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
and	O
the	O
container	B-Language
allow	O
for	O
more	O
powerful	O
programming	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
Framework	O
has	O
its	O
own	O
Aspect-oriented	B-Architecture
programming	I-Architecture
(	O
AOP	O
)	O
framework	O
that	O
modularizes	O
cross-cutting	B-Application
concerns	I-Application
in	O
aspects	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
AOP	O
framework	O
also	O
takes	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
Spring	O
container	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
AOP	O
framework	O
is	O
proxy	O
pattern-based	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
configured	O
at	O
run	B-Library
time	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
interception	O
only	O
allows	O
for	O
public	O
method-execution	O
on	O
existing	O
objects	O
at	O
a	O
join	B-Application
point	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
to	O
the	O
AspectJ	B-Application
framework	O
,	O
Spring	O
AOP	O
is	O
less	O
powerful	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
less	O
complicated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
1.2	O
includes	O
support	O
to	O
configure	O
AspectJ	B-Application
aspects	B-Application
in	O
the	O
container	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
2.0	O
added	O
more	O
integration	O
with	O
AspectJ	B-Application
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
pointcut	B-Application
language	O
is	O
reused	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
mixed	O
with	O
Spring	O
AOP-based	O
aspects	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
Spring	O
2.0	O
added	O
a	O
Spring	O
Aspects	B-Application
library	O
that	O
uses	O
AspectJ	B-Application
to	O
offer	O
common	O
Spring	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
declarative	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
and	O
dependency	B-Library
injection	I-Library
via	O
AspectJ	B-Application
compile-time	O
or	O
load-time	O
weaving	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SpringSource	B-Application
also	O
uses	O
AspectJ	B-Application
AOP	O
in	O
other	O
Spring	O
projects	O
such	O
as	O
Spring	B-Language
Roo	I-Language
and	O
Spring	O
Insight	O
,	O
with	O
Spring	B-Language
Security	I-Language
also	O
offering	O
an	O
AspectJ-based	O
aspect	B-Application
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
AOP	O
has	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
able	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
cross-cutting	B-Application
concerns	I-Application
inside	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Any	O
object	O
which	O
is	O
created	O
and	O
configured	O
by	O
the	O
container	B-Language
can	O
be	O
enriched	O
using	O
Spring	O
AOP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
uses	O
Spring	O
AOP	O
internally	O
for	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
security	O
,	O
remote	O
access	O
,	O
and	O
JMX	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
@AspectJ	O
-based	O
annotation	O
style	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
team	O
decided	O
not	O
to	O
introduce	O
new	O
AOP-related	O
terminology	O
;	O
therefore	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
Spring	O
reference	O
documentation	O
and	O
API	O
,	O
terms	O
such	O
as	O
aspect	B-Application
,	O
join	B-Application
point	I-Application
,	O
advice	B-Application
,	O
pointcut	B-Application
,	O
introduction	O
,	O
target	O
object	O
(	O
advised	O
object	O
)	O
,	O
AOP	O
proxy	O
,	O
and	O
weaving	O
all	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
meanings	O
as	O
in	O
most	O
other	O
AOP	O
frameworks	O
(	O
particularly	O
AspectJ	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
's	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
framework	O
addresses	O
common	O
difficulties	O
developers	O
face	O
when	O
working	O
with	O
databases	O
in	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
is	O
provided	O
for	O
all	O
popular	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
frameworks	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
:	O
JDBC	B-Language
,	O
iBatis/MyBatis	O
,	O
Hibernate	B-Library
,	O
Java	B-Language
Data	I-Language
Objects	I-Language
(	O
JDO	O
,	O
discontinued	O
since	O
5.x	O
)	O
,	O
Jakarta	B-Language
Persistence	I-Language
API	I-Language
(	O
JPA	O
)	O
,	O
Oracle	B-Library
TopLink	I-Library
,	O
Apache	B-Language
OJB	I-Language
,	O
and	O
Apache	B-Language
Cayenne	I-Language
,	O
among	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Critics	O
have	O
said	O
these	O
template	O
classes	O
are	O
intrusive	O
and	O
offer	O
no	O
advantage	O
over	O
using	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
)	O
the	O
Hibernate	B-Library
API	O
directly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
,	O
the	O
Spring	O
developers	O
have	O
made	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
Hibernate	B-Library
and	O
JPA	O
APIs	O
directly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
however	O
requires	O
transparent	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
as	O
application	O
code	O
no	O
longer	O
assumes	O
the	O
responsibility	O
to	O
obtain	O
and	O
close	O
database	O
resources	O
,	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
exception	O
translation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Together	O
with	O
Spring	O
's	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
its	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
framework	O
offers	O
a	O
flexible	O
abstraction	O
for	O
working	O
with	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
frameworks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
does	O
n't	O
offer	O
a	O
common	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
API	O
;	O
instead	O
,	O
the	O
full	O
power	O
of	O
the	O
supported	O
APIs	O
is	O
kept	O
intact	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
is	O
the	O
only	O
framework	O
available	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
that	O
offers	O
managed	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
environments	O
outside	O
of	O
an	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
or	O
container	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
using	O
Spring	O
for	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
with	O
Hibernate	B-Library
,	O
the	O
following	O
beans	O
may	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
configured	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
's	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
framework	O
brings	O
an	O
abstraction	O
mechanism	O
to	O
the	O
Java	B-Device
platform	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
comparison	O
,	O
Java	B-Language
Transaction	I-Language
API	I-Language
(	O
JTA	O
)	O
only	O
supports	O
nested	O
transactions	O
and	O
global	B-General_Concept
transactions	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
requires	O
an	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
(	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
also	O
deployment	O
of	O
applications	O
in	O
an	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
ships	O
a	O
PlatformTransactionManager	O
for	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
strategies	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Next	O
to	O
this	O
abstraction	O
mechanism	O
the	O
framework	O
also	O
provides	O
two	O
ways	O
of	O
adding	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
to	O
applications	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Declaratively	O
,	O
by	O
using	O
metadata	O
like	O
XML	B-Protocol
or	O
Java	B-Language
annotations	I-Language
(	O
@Transactional	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Together	O
with	O
Spring	O
's	O
data	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
framework	O
which	O
integrates	O
the	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
framework	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
transactional	O
system	O
through	O
configuration	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
rely	O
on	O
JTA	O
or	O
EJB	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
transactional	O
framework	O
also	O
integrates	O
with	O
messaging	O
and	O
caching	B-General_Concept
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
features	O
its	O
own	O
model	O
–	O
view	O
–	O
controller	O
(	O
MVC	O
)	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
framework	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
originally	O
planned	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Spring	O
developers	O
decided	O
to	O
write	O
their	O
own	O
Web	B-Application
framework	I-Application
as	O
a	O
reaction	O
to	O
what	O
they	O
perceived	O
as	O
the	O
poor	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
then	O
)	O
popular	O
Jakarta	B-Language
Struts	I-Language
Web	B-Application
framework	I-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
deficiencies	O
in	O
other	O
available	O
frameworks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
Struts	O
,	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
is	O
a	O
request-based	O
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
goal	O
of	O
each	O
interface	O
is	O
to	O
be	O
simple	O
and	O
clear	O
so	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
easy	O
for	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
users	O
to	O
write	O
their	O
own	O
implementations	O
,	O
if	O
they	O
so	O
choose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
interfaces	O
are	O
tightly	O
coupled	O
to	O
the	O
Servlet	B-Application
API	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
tight	O
coupling	O
to	O
the	O
Servlet	B-Application
API	I-Application
is	O
seen	O
by	O
some	O
as	O
a	O
failure	O
on	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Spring	O
developers	O
to	O
offer	O
a	O
high-level	O
abstraction	O
for	O
Web-based	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
this	O
coupling	O
makes	O
sure	O
that	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
Servlet	B-Application
API	I-Application
remain	O
available	O
to	O
developers	O
while	O
also	O
offering	O
a	O
high	O
abstraction	O
framework	O
to	O
ease	O
working	O
with	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DispatcherServlet	O
class	O
is	O
the	O
front	O
controller	O
of	O
the	O
framework	O
and	O
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
delegating	O
control	O
to	O
the	O
various	O
interfaces	O
during	O
the	O
execution	O
phases	O
of	O
an	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
request	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
important	O
interfaces	O
defined	O
by	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
,	O
and	O
their	O
responsibilities	O
,	O
are	O
listed	O
below	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Controller	O
will	O
map	O
the	O
http	B-Protocol
request	I-Protocol
to	O
corresponding	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HandlerInterceptor	O
:	O
interception	O
of	O
incoming	O
requests	O
comparable	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
equal	O
to	O
Servlet	B-Application
filters	O
(	O
use	O
is	O
optional	O
and	O
not	O
controlled	O
by	O
DispatcherServlet	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
abstractions	O
offered	O
by	O
these	O
interfaces	O
are	O
powerful	O
,	O
so	O
to	O
allow	O
for	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
variations	O
in	O
their	O
implementations	O
,	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
ships	O
with	O
implementations	O
of	O
all	O
these	O
interfaces	O
and	O
together	O
offers	O
a	O
feature	O
set	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
Servlet	B-Application
API	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
uses	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
java.util.Map	O
interface	O
as	O
a	O
data-oriented	O
abstraction	O
for	O
the	O
Model	O
where	O
keys	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
string	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ease	O
of	O
testing	O
the	O
implementations	O
of	O
these	O
interfaces	O
seems	O
one	O
important	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
abstraction	O
offered	O
by	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
DispatcherServlet	O
is	O
tightly	O
coupled	O
to	O
the	O
Spring	O
inversion	B-Language
of	I-Language
control	I-Language
container	B-Language
for	O
configuring	O
the	O
web	O
layers	O
of	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
web	O
applications	O
can	O
use	O
other	O
parts	O
of	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
—	O
including	O
the	O
container	B-Language
—	O
and	O
choose	O
not	O
to	O
use	O
Spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
DispatcherServlet	O
is	O
a	O
front-controller	O
in	O
spring	B-Application
MVC	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
's	O
Remote	O
Access	O
framework	O
is	O
an	O
abstraction	O
for	O
working	O
with	O
various	O
RPC	O
(	O
remote	B-Operating_System
procedure	I-Operating_System
call	I-Operating_System
)	O
-based	O
technologies	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Java	B-Device
platform	I-Device
both	O
for	O
client	O
connectivity	O
and	O
marshalling	B-Application
objects	O
on	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
important	O
feature	O
offered	O
by	O
this	O
framework	O
is	O
to	O
ease	O
configuration	O
and	O
usage	O
of	O
these	O
technologies	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
possible	O
by	O
combining	O
inversion	B-Language
of	I-Language
control	I-Language
and	O
AOP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
framework	O
also	O
provides	O
fault-recovery	O
(	O
automatic	O
reconnection	O
after	O
connection	O
failure	O
)	O
and	O
some	O
optimizations	O
for	O
client-side	O
use	O
of	O
EJB	B-Language
remote	O
stateless	B-Language
session	I-Language
beans	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apache	B-Language
CXF	I-Language
provides	O
integration	O
with	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
for	O
RPC-style	O
exporting	O
of	O
objects	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
client	O
and	O
server	O
setup	O
for	O
all	O
RPC-style	O
protocols	O
and	O
products	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
Spring	O
Remote	O
access	O
framework	O
(	O
except	O
for	O
the	O
Apache	O
Axis	O
support	O
)	O
is	O
configured	O
in	O
the	O
Spring	O
Core	O
container	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
alternative	O
open-source	B-Application
implementation	O
(	O
Cluster4Spring	O
)	O
of	O
a	O
remoting	B-Operating_System
subsystem	O
included	O
into	O
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
that	O
is	O
intended	O
to	O
support	O
various	O
schemes	O
of	O
remoting	B-Operating_System
(	O
1-1	O
,	O
1-many	O
,	O
dynamic	O
services	O
discovering	O
)	O
...	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	O
Boot	O
Extension	O
is	O
Spring	O
's	O
convention-over-configuration	B-Application
solution	O
for	O
creating	O
stand-alone	O
,	O
production-grade	O
Spring-based	O
Applications	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
"	O
just	O
run	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Absolutely	O
no	O
code	O
generation	O
and	O
no	O
requirement	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
configuration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Roo	I-Language
is	O
a	O
community	O
project	O
which	O
provides	O
an	O
alternative	O
,	O
code-generation	O
based	O
approach	O
at	O
using	O
convention-over-configuration	B-Application
to	O
rapidly	O
build	O
applications	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
currently	O
supports	O
Spring	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
,	O
Spring	B-Language
Security	I-Language
and	O
Spring	B-Language
Web	I-Language
Flow	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roo	O
differs	O
from	O
other	O
rapid	O
application	B-Application
development	I-Application
frameworks	I-Application
by	O
focusing	O
on	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Batch	I-Language
is	O
a	O
framework	O
for	O
batch	B-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
that	O
provides	O
reusable	O
functions	O
that	O
are	O
essential	O
in	O
processing	O
large	O
volumes	O
of	O
records	O
,	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
provides	O
more	O
advanced	O
technical	O
services	O
and	O
features	O
that	O
will	O
enable	O
extremely	O
high-volume	O
and	O
high	O
performance	O
batch	B-General_Concept
jobs	I-General_Concept
through	O
optimizations	O
and	O
partitioning	O
techniques	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Batch	I-Language
executes	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
jobs	O
;	O
a	O
job	O
consists	O
of	O
many	O
steps	O
and	O
each	O
step	O
consists	O
of	O
a	O
READ-PROCESS-WRITE	O
task	O
or	O
single	O
operation	O
task	O
(	O
tasklet	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
READ-PROCESS-WRITE	O
"	O
process	O
consists	O
of	O
these	O
steps	O
:	O
"	O
read	O
"	O
data	O
from	O
a	O
resource	O
(	O
comma-separated	O
values	O
(	O
CSV	O
)	O
,	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
or	O
database	O
)	O
,	O
"	O
process	O
"	O
it	O
,	O
then	O
"	O
write	O
"	O
it	O
to	O
other	O
resources	O
(	O
CSV	O
,	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
or	O
database	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Batch	I-Language
provides	O
many	O
classes	O
to	O
read/write	O
CSV	O
,	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
database	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Integration	I-Language
is	O
a	O
framework	O
for	O
Enterprise	B-Architecture
application	I-Architecture
integration	I-Architecture
that	O
provides	O
reusable	O
functions	O
essential	O
to	O
messaging	O
or	O
event-driven	O
architectures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
adapters	O
–	O
to	O
integrate	O
with	O
other	O
technologies	O
and	O
systems	O
(	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
,	O
AMQP	B-Operating_System
(	O
Advanced	B-Operating_System
Message	I-Operating_System
Queuing	I-Operating_System
Protocol	I-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
JMS	B-Language
(	O
Java	B-Language
Message	I-Language
Service	I-Language
)	O
,	O
XMPP	B-Protocol
(	O
Extensible	B-Protocol
Messaging	I-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
Presence	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
)	O
,	O
SMTP	B-Protocol
(	O
Simple	B-Protocol
Mail	I-Protocol
Transfer	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
)	O
,	O
IMAP	B-Protocol
(	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Message	I-Protocol
Access	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
)	O
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
(	O
File	B-Protocol
Transfer	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
FTPS/SFTP	O
,	O
file	O
systems	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Language
Integration	I-Language
supports	O
pipe-and-filter	O
based	O
architectures	O
.	O
</s>
